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Zhang S, Kang T, Malacrinò A, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Lin W, Wu H. Pseudostellaria heterophylla improves intestinal microecology through modulating gut microbiota and metabolites in mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:6174-6185. [PMID: 38459926 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudostellaria heterophylla is a Chinese medicine and healthy edible that is widely used to for its immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antitussive properties. However, the potential function of P. heterophylla in intestinal microecology remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the impact of P. heterophylla on immune functions and evaluated its potential to regulate the gut microbiota and metabolome. RESULTS The results showed that P. heterophylla significantly increased the content of red blood cells, total antioxidant capacity and expression of immune factors, and decreased platelet counts when compared to the control under cyclophosphamide injury. In addition, P. heterophylla altered the diversity and composition of the gut bacterial community; increased the abundance of potentially beneficial Akkermansia, Roseburia, unclassified Clostridiaceae, Mucispirillum, Anaeroplasma and Parabacteroides; and decreased the relative abundance of pathogenic Cupriavidus and Staphylococcus in healthy mice. Metabolomic analyses showed that P. heterophylla significantly increased the content of functional oligosaccharides, common oligosaccharides, vitamins and functional substances. Probiotics and pathogens were regulated by metabolites across 11 pathways in the bacterial-host co-metabolism network. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that P. heterophylla increased the abundance of probiotics and decreased pathogens, and further stimulated host microbes to produce beneficial secondary metabolites for host health. Our studies highlight the role of P. heterophylla in gut health and provide new insights for the development of traditional Chinese medicine in the diet. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengkai Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tao Kang
- Laboratory of Rhizosphere Ecology Processes and Management, College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Antonino Malacrinò
- Department of Agriculture, Università degli Studi Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Laboratory of Rhizosphere Ecology Processes and Management, College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongmiao Wu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Laboratory of Rhizosphere Ecology Processes and Management, College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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O'Malley MA. The concept of balance in microbiome research. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400050. [PMID: 38924108 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Microbiome research is changing how ecosystems, including animal bodies, are understood. In the case of humans, microbiome knowledge is transforming medical approaches and applications. However, the field is still young, and many conceptual and explanatory issues need resolving. These include how microbiome causality is understood, and how to conceptualize the role microbiomes have in the health status of their hosts and other ecosystems. A key concept that crops up in the medical microbiome literature is "balance." A balanced microbiome is thought to produce health and an imbalanced one disease. Based on a quantitative and qualitative analysis of how balance is used in the microbiome literature, this "think again" essay critically analyses each of the several subconceptions of balance. As well as identifying problems with these uses, the essay suggests some starting points for filling this conceptual gap in microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen A O'Malley
- School of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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He Q, Wan S, Jiang M, Li W, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Wu M, Lin J, Zou L, Hu Y. Exploring the therapeutic potential of tonic Chinese herbal medicine for gynecological disorders: An updated review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 329:118144. [PMID: 38583732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gynecological disorders have the characteristics of high incidence and recurrence rate, which sorely affects female's health. Since ancient times, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), especially tonic medicine (TM), has been used to deal with gynecological disorders and has unique advantages in effectiveness and safety. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this article, we aim to summarize the research progress of TMs in-vivo and in-vitro, including their formulas, single herbs, and compounds, for gynecological disorders treatment in recent years, and to offer a reference for further research on the treatment of gynecological disorders and their clinical application in the treatment of TMs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Relevant information on the therapeutic potential of TMs against gynecological disorders was collected from several scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar and other literature sources. RESULTS So far, there are 46 different formulas, 3 single herbs, and 24 compounds used in the treatment of various gynecological disorders such as premature ovarian failure, endometriosis breast cancer, and so on. Many experimental results have shown that TMs can regulate apoptosis, invasion, migration, oxidative stress, and the immune system. In addition, the effect of TMs in gynecological disorders treatment may be due to the regulation of VEGF, PI3K-AKT, MAPK, NF-κB, and other signaling pathways. Apparently, TMs play an active role in the treatment of gynecological disorders by regulating these signaling pathways. CONCLUSION TMs have a curative effect on the prevention and treatment of gynecological disorders. It could relieve and treat gynecological disorders through a variety of pathways. Therefore, the appropriate TM treatment program makes it more possible to treat gynecological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizhi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China; School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Wan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Mingli Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhuzhou Qianjin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Yingfan Hu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
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Wu Y, Deng N, Liu J, Cai Y, Yi X, Tan Z. Unlocking the therapeutic potential of Huoxiang Zhengqi San in cold and high humidity-induced diarrhea: Insights into intestinal microbiota modulation and digestive enzyme activity. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32789. [PMID: 38975065 PMCID: PMC11226830 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Huoxiang Zhengqi San (HXZQS), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, enjoys widespread use in Chinese medicine to treat diarrhea with cold-dampness trapped spleen syndrome (CDSS), which is induced by exposure to cold and high humidity stress. This study aimed to explore its therapeutic mechanisms in mice, particularly focusing on the intestinal microbiota. Forty male SPF-grade KM mice were allocated into two groups: the normal control group (H-Cc, n = 10) and the CDSS group (H-Mc, n = 30). After modeling, H-Mc was subdivided into H-Mc (n = 15) and HXZQS treatment (H-Tc, n = 15) groups. Intestinal samples were analyzed for enzyme activity and microbiota composition. Our findings demonstrated a notable reduction in intestinal lactase activity post-HXZQS treatment (P < 0.05). Lactobacillus johnsonii, Lactobacillus reuteri, and Lactobacillus murinus emerged as the main dominant species across most groups. However, in the H-Mc group, Clostridium sensu stricto 1 was identified as the exclusive dominant bacteria. LEfSe analysis highlighted Clostridiales vadinBB60 group and Corynebacterium as differential bacteria in the H-Tc group, and Cyanobacteria unidentified specie in the H-Mc group. Predicted microbiota functions aligned with changes in abundance, notably in cofactors and vitamins metabolism. The collinear results of the intestinal microbiota interaction network showed that HXZQS restored cooperative interactions among rare bacteria by mitigating their mutual promotion. The HXZQS decoction effectively alleviates diarrhea with CDSS by regulating intestinal microbiota, digestive enzyme activity, and microbiota interaction. Notably, it enhances Clostridium vadinBB60 and suppresses Cyanobacteria unidentified specie, warranting further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Na Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Cai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Jiang P, Di Z, Huang W, Xie L. Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Metabolites with Traditional Chinese Medicines: An Emerging Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications. Molecules 2024; 29:2747. [PMID: 38930814 PMCID: PMC11206945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, an estimated 537 million individuals are affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the occurrence of which is invariably associated with complications. Glucose-lowering therapy remains the main treatment for alleviating T2DM. However, conventional antidiabetic agents are fraught with numerous adverse effects, notably elevations in blood pressure and lipid levels. Recently, the use of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and their constituents has emerged as a preferred management strategy aimed at curtailing the progression of diabetes and its associated complications with fewer adverse effects. Increasing evidence indicates that gut microbiome disturbances are involved in the development of T2DM and its complications. This regulation depends on various metabolites produced by gut microbes and their interactions with host organs. TCMs' interventions have demonstrated the ability to modulate the intestinal bacterial microbiota, thereby restoring host homeostasis and ameliorating metabolic disorders. This review delves into the alterations in the gut microbiota and metabolites in T2DM patients and how TCMs treatment regulates the gut microbiota, facilitating the management of T2DM and its complications. Additionally, we also discuss prospective avenues for research on natural products to advance diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhenghan Di
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenting Huang
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lan Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China
- Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Jiang FY, Yue SR, Tan YY, Tang N, Xu YS, Zhang BJ, Mao YJ, Xue ZS, Lu AP, Liu BC, Wang RR. Gynostemma pentaphyllum Extract Alleviates NASH in Mice: Exploration of Inflammation and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:1782. [PMID: 38892715 PMCID: PMC11174846 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) is a severe liver disease characterized by hepatic chronic inflammation that can be associated with the gut microbiota. In this study, we explored the therapeutic effect of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract (GPE), a Chinese herbal extract, on methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced NASH mice. Based on the peak area, the top ten compounds in GPE were hydroxylinolenic acid, rutin, hydroxylinoleic acid, vanillic acid, methyl vanillate, quercetin, pheophorbide A, protocatechuic acid, aurantiamide acetate, and iso-rhamnetin. We found that four weeks of GPE treatment alleviated hepatic confluent zone inflammation, hepatocyte lipid accumulation, and lipid peroxidation in the mouse model. According to the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region sequencing of the colonic contents, the gut microbiota structure of the mice was significantly changed after GPE supplementation. Especially, GPE enriched the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria such as Akkerrmansia and decreased the abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Klebsiella. Moreover, RNA sequencing revealed that the GPE group showed an anti-inflammatory liver characterized by the repression of the NF-kappa B signaling pathway compared with the MCD group. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) also showed that GPE downregulated the pathogen-induced cytokine storm pathway, which was associated with inflammation. A high dose of GPE (HGPE) significantly downregulated the expression levels of the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88), cluster of differentiation 14 (CD14), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes, as verified by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Our results suggested that the therapeutic potential of GPE for NASH mice may be related to improvements in the intestinal microenvironment and a reduction in liver inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yan Jiang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Si-Ran Yue
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Yi-Yun Tan
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Nan Tang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Yue-Song Xu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bao-Jun Zhang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Yue-Jian Mao
- China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited, Hohhot 010000, China; (Y.-J.M.); (Z.-S.X.)
| | - Zheng-Sheng Xue
- China Mengniu Dairy Company Limited, Hohhot 010000, China; (Y.-J.M.); (Z.-S.X.)
| | - Ai-Ping Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Bao-Cheng Liu
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
| | - Rui-Rui Wang
- Shanghai Innovation Center of TCM Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; (F.-Y.J.); (S.-R.Y.); (Y.-Y.T.); (N.T.); (Y.-S.X.); (B.-J.Z.)
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Wang J, Deng L, Chen M, Che Y, Li L, Zhu L, Chen G, Feng T. Phytogenic feed additives as natural antibiotic alternatives in animal health and production: A review of the literature of the last decade. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 17:244-264. [PMID: 38800730 PMCID: PMC11127233 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics in animal production raises great public safety concerns; therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of substitutes for antibiotics. In recent decades, plant-derived feed additives have been widely investigated as antibiotic alternatives for use in animal health and production because they exert multiple biological functions and are less likely to induce resistance development. This review summarizes the research history and classification of phytogenic feed additives and their main functions, potential modes of action, influencing factors, and potential negative effects. Further, we highlight the challenges in developing sustainable, safe, and affordable plant-derived antibiotic alternatives for use in livestock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Lufang Deng
- Feed Branch of Beijing Sanyuan Breeding Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 101105, China
| | - Meixia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuyan Che
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lu Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Longlong Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Guoshun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Tao Feng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Zhang R, Bai D, Zhen W, Hu X, Zhang H, Zhong J, Zhang Y, Ito K, Zhang B, Yang Y, Li J, Ma Y. Aspirin eugenol ester affects ileal barrier function, inflammatory response and microbiota in broilers under lipopolysaccharide-induced immune stress conditions. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1401909. [PMID: 38872795 PMCID: PMC11169880 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1401909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aspirin eugenol ester (AEE) on ileal immune function in broilers under lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced immune stress. Methods Two hundred and forty one-day-old male Arbor Acres chicks were randomly divided into four groups (saline, LPS, saline + AEE and LPS + AEE) with six replicates of ten broilers each. The saline group and LPS group were fed the normal diet, while the other two groups received normal diet plus 0.1 g/kg AEE. Broilers in the LPS and LPS + AEE groups were injected intraperitoneally with 0.5 mg/kg B.W LPS in saline for seven consecutive days beginning at 14 days of age, while broilers in the saline and saline + AEE groups were injected with saline only. Results The results showed that AEE improved the ileal morphology and increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth of immune-stressed broilers. LPS-induced immune stress significantly reduced the expression of the genes for the tight junction proteins occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-1 and claudin-2, in the ileum, while AEE significantly up-regulated the expression of these genes. Compared with the saline group, the LPS-treated chickens showed significantly increased mRNA expression of the inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and microsomal Prostaglandin E Synthesase-1 (mPGES-1) in the ileum, while they were significantly decreased by AEE supplementation. In addition, analysis of the ileal bacterial composition showed that compared with saline and LPS + AEE groups, the proportion of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus in the LPS group was lower, while the proportion of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella was higher. Similarly, Line Discriminant Analysis Effect Size (LEfSe) analysis showed that compared with the LPS group, Brevibacillus was dominant in the saline group, while the LPS + AEE group was rich in Rhizobium, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminococcaceae, Faecalibacterium, Negativibacillus, Oscillospiraceae, and Flavonifractor. Conclusion These results indicate that dietary supplementation with 0.1 g/kg AEE could protect the intestinal health by improving the intestinal villus morphology, enhancing the expression of tight junction genes and alleviating inflammation to resist the immune stress caused by LPS stimulation in broilers, and the mechanism may involve COX-2-related signal transduction and improved intestinal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Zhang
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Dongying Bai
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Wenrui Zhen
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xiaodi Hu
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jiale Zhong
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Food and Physiological Models, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Ma
- Department of Animal Physiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Longmen Laboratory, Science and Technology Innovation Center for Completed Set Equipment, Luoyang, China
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Deng Y, Hou X, Wang H, Du H, Liu Y. Influence of Gut Microbiota-Mediated Immune Regulation on Response to Chemotherapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:604. [PMID: 38794174 PMCID: PMC11123941 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the gut microbiota in anti-cancer treatment has gained increasing attention. Alterations to the structure and function of the gut bacteria are important factors in the development of cancer as well as the efficacy of chemotherapy. Recent studies have confirmed that the gut microbiota and related metabolites influence the pharmacological activity of chemotherapeutic agents through interactions with the immune system. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of how malignant tumor and chemotherapy affect the gut microbiota, how the gut microbiota regulates host immune response, and how interactions between the gut microbiota and host immune response influence the efficacy of chemotherapy. Recent advances in strategies for increasing the efficiency of chemotherapy based on the gut microbiota are also described. Deciphering the complex homeostasis maintained by the gut microbiota and host immunity provides a solid scientific basis for bacterial intervention in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Deng
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; (Y.D.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; (Y.D.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Haiping Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; (Y.D.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Hongzhi Du
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; (Y.D.); (X.H.); (H.W.)
- Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorders, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
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Wan S, Wang L, Hao Z, Zhu L, Mao X, Li H, Sun P, Yin W, Fan K, Zhang H, Li B, Nie W, Li Z, Sun N. Baicalin ameliorates the gut barrier function and intestinal microbiota of broiler chickens. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:634-644. [PMID: 38511207 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The deoxynivalenol (DON)-contaminated feeds can impair chicken gut barrier function, disturb the balance of the intestinal microbiota, decrease chicken growth performance and cause major economic loss. With the aim of investigating the ameliorating effects of baicalin on broiler intestinal barrier damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by DON, a total of 150 Arbor Acres broilers are used in the present study. The morphological damage to the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum caused by DON is reversed by treatment with different doses of baicalin, and the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, claudin-1, and occludin) is also significantly increased in the baicalin-treated groups. Moreover, the disturbance of the intestinal microbiota caused by DON-contaminated feed is altered by baicalin treatment. In particular, compared with those in the DON group, the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Lachnoclostridium, Ruminiclostridium and other beneficial microbes in the baicalin-treated groups are significantly greater. However, the percentage of unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae in the baicalin-treated groups is significantly decreased in the DON group. Overall, the current results demonstrate that different doses of baicalin can improve broiler intestinal barrier function and the ameliorating effects on broiler intestinal barrier damage may be related to modulations of the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangxiu Wan
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
- College of Pharmacy, Heze University, Heze 274000, China
| | - Linzheng Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250035, China
| | - Zhili Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Heze University, Heze 274000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Mao
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Hongquan Li
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Wei Yin
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Kuohai Fan
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wansen Nie
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zongjie Li
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Na Sun
- Shanxi Key Lab for Modernization of TCVM, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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Zheng W, Zhou H, Fu Z, Feng L, Wen D, Liang X, Cao L. Integration of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, metabonomics and metagenome analysis to investigate the mechanism of Sparganium stoloniferum-Curcuma phaeocaulis in treating of endometriosis in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 241:115970. [PMID: 38277707 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.115970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a gynecological disease that causes severe chronic pelvic pain and infertility in women. The therapeutic efficacy of the traditional herbal combination of Sparganium stoloniferum-Curcuma phaeocaulis (Sangleng-Ezhu, SL-EZ) in the treatment of endometriosis has been established. However, the precise mechanism by which this treatment exerts its effects remains elusive. METHODS To gain further insights, UPLC-MS/MS was employed to identify the primary chemical constituents of SL-EZ in serum. Additionally, network pharmacology was utilized to analyze the active ingredients and their corresponding targets. Furthermore, the impact of SL-EZ on ectopic endometrial growth in endometrial implants was assessed using a rat model. The therapeutic mechanism of SL-EZ in rats with endometriosis was further investigated through the application of 16 S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and metabolomics. RESULTS The primary compounds in serum were zederone, p-coumaric acid, dehydrocostus lactone, curdione, curcumol. The growth of ectopic lesions in a rat model was effectively inhibited by SL-EZ. In comparison to the control group, the endometriotic rats exhibited a decrease in α-diversity of the gut microbiota, an increase in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, and a reduction in the abundance of Ruminococcaceae. Following SL-EZ intervention, the potential probiotic strains Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus johnsonii were able to restore the intestinal microenvironment at the species level. The altered metabolites were significantly correlated with Verrucomicrobia, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. The metabolomic analysis demonstrated significant alterations in intestinal metabolites. And SL-EZ intervention also exerted regulatory effects on various metabolic pathways in gut microbiota, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, monobactam biosynthesis, cyanoamino acid metabolism, glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis, and amino acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION The identification of novel treatment formulations for endometriosis was achieved through the utilization of network pharmacology and gut microbiota analyses. Our findings revealed simultaneous alterations in the microbiota within the rat model of endometriosis. The therapeutic efficacy of SL-EZ in treating endometriosis is attributed to its ability to restore the gut microbiota and regulate metabolism. This investigation offers valuable insights into the therapeutic mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Zheng
- Department of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyi Fu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510000, China
| | - Luyao Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Danting Wen
- Department of gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuefang Liang
- Department of gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lixing Cao
- Department of gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Wu J, Cao M, Jia Z, Zhu X, Zhou Y, Dong Y, Yu L, Hu C, Huang Y, Chen Z. Synergistic mechanism of stir-baked curcumae radix with vinegar in dysmenorrhea rats based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 240:115944. [PMID: 38183732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Curcumae Radix (i.e. Huangsiyujin: HSYJ), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely used in clinical practice for many years to treat depression and primary dysmenorrhea. Modern pharmacological researches have demonstrated its anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, and dysmenorrhea relief effects. According to the processing theory of TCM, it is believed that stir-baked HSYJ with vinegar may enhance the ability to disperse stagnant hepatoqi and alleviate pain. However, whether the vinegar concoction of HSYJ can enhance the therapeutic effect on the Qi stagnation due to liver depression (LDQS) type of dysmenorrhea and what its mechanism has not been well explained. Based on the processing drugs theory of "stir-baked with vinegar into liver", a metabolomic approach was used to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of stir-baked HSYJ with vinegar to enhance the treatment of dysmenorrhea in rats. By establishing a rat model of dysmenorrhea of the "LDQS" type, observation of hemorheology, uterine pathological sections, COX-2 and OTR protein expression and other indicators; analysis of urinary metabolic changes in rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique, to compare the differential biomarkers and metabolic pathways in the treatment of dysmenorrhea due to "liver stagnation and qi stagnation" before and after stir-baked HSYJ with vinegar. Stir-baked HSYJ with vinegar significantly inhibited the writhing response of rats, improved hemorheology, repaired damaged diseased uterus and inhibited high expression of COX-2 and OTR proteins in uterus; 68 differential metabolites were screened from the urine of rats, compared with the raw HSYJ, the levels of 14 metabolites were significantly changed in stir-baked HSYJ with vinegar, involving the pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. The potentiating effect of stir-baked HSYJ with vinegar may be related to the regulation of multiple amino acid metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mayijie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuolin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yidian Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory for Quality and Efficiency Evaluation of TCM Formula Granules, Sichuan Neo-Green Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Key Laboratory for Quality and Efficiency Evaluation of TCM Formula Granules, Sichuan Neo-Green Pharmaceutical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Chen Z, Wu S, Huang L, Li J, Li X, Zeng Y, Chen Z, Chen M. Colonic microflora and plasma metabolite-based comparative analysis of unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced chronic kidney disease after treatment with the Chinese medicine FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuo and AST-120. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24987. [PMID: 38333870 PMCID: PMC10850519 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Many researchers have investigated the use of Chinese herbs to delay the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) through their effects on colonic microflora and microbiota-derived metabolites. However, whether FuZhengHuaYuJiangZhuTongLuo (FZHY) has effects that are similar to those of AST-120 on CKD needs to be elucidated. Methods In this study, we compared the effects of FZHY and AST-120 on the colonic microbiota and plasma metabolites in the CKD rat model. We developed a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced CKD rat model and then administered FZHY and AST-120 to these model rats. Non-targeted metabolomic LC-MS analysis, 16S rRNA sequencing, and histopathological staining were performed on plasma, stool, and kidney tissues, respectively, and the joint correlation between biomarkers and metabolites of candidate bacteria was analyzed. Results Our results showed that administering FZHY and AST-120 effectively ameliorated UUO-induced abnormal renal function and renal fibrosis and regulated the composition of microbiota and metabolites. Compared to the UUO model group, the p_Firmicutes and o_Peptostreptococcales_Tissierellales were increased, while 14 negative ion metabolites were upregulated and 21 were downregulated after FZHY treatment. Additionally, 40 positive ion metabolites were upregulated and 63 were downregulated. On the other hand, AST-120 treatment resulted in an increase in the levels of g_Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group and f_Prevotellaceae, as well as 12 upregulated and 23 downregulated negative ion metabolites and 56 upregulated and 63 downregulated positive ion metabolites. Besides, FZHY increased the levels of candidate bacterial biomarkers that were found to be negatively correlated with some poisonous metabolites, such as 4-hydroxyretinoic acid, and positively correlated with beneficial metabolites, such as l-arginine. AST-120 increased the levels of candidate bacterial biomarkers that were negatively correlated with some toxic metabolites, such as glycoursodeoxycholic acid, 4-ethylphenol, and indole-3-acetic acid. Conclusion FZHY and AST-120 effectively reduced kidney damage, in which, the recovery of some dysregulated bacteria and metabolites are probably involved. As their mechanisms of regulation were different, FZHY might play a complementary role to AST-120 in treating CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Shaobo Wu
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Li Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Zejun Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, China
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Wang C, Jiang S, Zheng H, An Y, Zheng W, Zhang J, Liu J, Lin H, Wang G, Wang F. Integration of gut microbiome and serum metabolome revealed the effect of Qing-Wei-Zhi-Tong Micro-pills on gastric ulcer in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117294. [PMID: 37839771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qing-Wei-Zhi-Tong Micro-pills (QWZT) is herbal compound used in the treatment of GU, whose functions include clearing the stomach and fire, softening the liver and relieving pain. However, its mechanistic profile on host intestinal microbiota and metabolism has not been determined. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study aimed to observe the healing effect of QWZT on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer in a rat model and to preliminarily elucidate its possible therapeutic mechanism from the perspective of host intestinal microbiota and metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Wistar male rats (7 weeks old; weight 180-200 g) were randomly divided into normal control group (NC), acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer group (GU), and QWZT treatment group (High dose: 1250 mg/kg/day, Middle dose: 625 mg/kg/day, Low dose: 312.5 mg/kg/day) of 6 rats each. An acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer rat model was constructed based on anatomical surgery. QWZT (High dose, Middle dose, and Low dose) was used to treat gastric ulcer rats for 7 days by gavage. At the end of treatment, the body weight, macroscopic condition of gastric tissue ulcers, pathological changes (HE staining), inflammatory factors, oxidative stress factors, and endocrine factors were assessed in each group of rats. Fresh feces and serum from each group of rats were collected for microbiome and metabolome analysis on the machine, respectively. Drug-disease common targets and functional pathways were captured based on network pharmacology. The complex network of Herbs-Targets-Pathways-Metabolites-Microbiota interactions was constructed. Ultimately, Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) evaluated the contribution of gut microbiota in disease. RESULTS QWZT increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Parabacteroides, etc.), reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Micromonospora, Geobacter, Nocardioides, and Arenimonas, etc.), reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators (12,13-EpOME, 9,10-Epoxyoctadecenoic acid, SM(d18:1/16:0) and Leukotriene A4, etc.), restored host metabolic disorders (Linoleic acid metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, and Arachidonic acid metabolism), and regulated the level of cytokines (IL-6, TNF-a, SOD, MDA, PEG-2 and NO), ultimately exerting an anti-ulcer effect. Apart from that, FMT improved acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats. CONCLUSION QWZT improved acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats by remodeling intestinal microbiota and regulating host metabolism. This work may promote the process of developing and utilizing clinical applications of QWZT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Shengyu Jiang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Haoyu Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yiming An
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Wenxue Zheng
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Jianming Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
| | - Hongqiang Lin
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Precision Prevention and Control for Common Diseases, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Guoqiang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Precision Prevention and Control for Common Diseases, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Centre for Secondary Development of Proprietary Chinese Medicines, Changchun, 130021, China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Precision Prevention and Control for Common Diseases, Changchun, 130021, China.
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15
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Zhou Y, Sheng YJ, Li CY, Zou L, Tong CY, Zhang Y, Cao G, Shou D. Beneficial effect and mechanism of natural resourced polysaccharides on regulating bone metabolism through intestinal flora: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127428. [PMID: 37838110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism is an important biological process for maintaining bone health. Polysaccharides of natural origin exert beneficial effects on bone metabolism. Polysaccharide molecules often have difficulty passing through the intestinal cell membrane and are directly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, polysaccharides may affect intestinal flora and play a role in disease treatment. We performed a comprehensive review of the relevant literature published from 2003 to 2023. We found that several polysaccharides from traditional Chinese medicines, including Astragalus, Achyranthes bidentata and Eucommia ulmoides, and the polysaccharides from several dietary fibers mainly composed of inulin, resistant starch, and dextran could enrich the intestinal microbiota group to regulate bone metabolism. The promotion of polysaccharide decomposition by regulating the Bacteroides phylum is particularly critical. Studies on the structure-activity relationship showed that molecular weight, glycosidic bonds, and monosaccharide composition may affect the ability of polysaccharides. The mechanism by which polysaccharides regulate intestinal flora to enhance bone metabolism may be related to the regulation of short-chain fatty acids, immunity, and hormones, involving some signaling pathways, such as TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/Smads, and RANKL. This paper provides a useful reference for the study of polysaccharides and suggests their potential application in the treatment of bone metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Yun Jie Sheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Cheng Yan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Li Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Chao Ying Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
| | - Dan Shou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
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Sun X, Zhou X, He W, Sun W, Xu Z. Co-Housing and Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Technical Support for TCM Herbal Treatment of Extra-Intestinal Diseases Based on Gut Microbial Ecosystem Remodeling. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3803-3831. [PMID: 38155743 PMCID: PMC10753978 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s443462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the gut microbial ecosystem (GME) (eg, alterations in the gut microbiota, gut-derived metabolites, and gut barrier) may contribute to the onset and progression of extra-intestinal diseases. Previous studies have found that Traditional Chinese Medicine herbs (TCMs) play an important role in manipulating the GME, but a prominent obstacle in current TCM research is the causal relationship between GME and disease amelioration. Encouragingly, co-housing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) provide evidence-based support for TCMs to treat extra-intestinal diseases by targeting GME. In this review, we documented the principles, operational procedures, applications and limitations of the key technologies (ie, co-housing and FMT); furthermore, we provided evidence that TCM works through the GME, especially the gut microbiota (eg, SCFA- and BSH-producing bacteria), the gut-derived metabolites (eg, IS, pCS, and SCFAs), and intestinal barrier to alleviate extra-intestinal diseases. This will be beneficial in constructing microecological pathways for TCM treatment of extra-intestinal diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiming He
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine & School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, People’s Republic of China
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Li J, Zhang Q, Li X, Liu J, Wang F, Zhang W, Liu X, Li T, Wang S, Wang Y, Zhang X, Meng Y, Ma Y, Wang H. QingXiaoWuWei decoction alleviates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia in mice by regulating metabolic remodeling and macrophage gene expression network via the microbiota-short-chain fatty acids axis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0034423. [PMID: 37823635 PMCID: PMC10714818 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00344-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonizes the upper respiratory airways and is resistant to antibiotics. MRSA is a frequently acquired infection in hospital and community settings, including cases of MRSA-induced pneumonia. Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and the limited efficacy of antibiotics necessitate alternative strategies for preventing or treating the infection. QingXiaoWuWei decoction (QXWWD) protects against both gut microbiota dysbiosis and MRSA-induced pneumonia. Furthermore, the QXWWD-regulated metabolic remodeling and macrophage gene expression network contribute to its protective effects through the microbiota-short-chain fatty acid axis. The results of this study suggest that QXWWD and its pharmacodynamic compounds might have the potential to prevent and treat pulmonary infections, especially those caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the future treatment of pulmonary infectious diseases by manipulating gut microbiota and their metabolites via traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- First Clinical Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Tiewei Li
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Children’s Infection and Immunity, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yukun Meng
- First Clinical Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuheng Ma
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Huanyun Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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18
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Gao T, Zhang H, Li Q, Zhao F, Wang N, He W, Zhang J, Wang R. Fuzi decoction treats chronic heart failure by regulating the gut microbiota, increasing the short-chain fatty acid levels and improving metabolic disorders. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 236:115693. [PMID: 37696191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Fuzi decoction (FZD) is clinically used to treat chronic heart failure (CHF) in China, but the mechanism underlying FZD treatment in CHF remains unclear. Here, we investigated the potential mechanism underlying FZD treatment of CHF in rats. First, the compounds in FZD-containing serum of rats were identified, and 16 S rRNA sequencing and GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics analysis were then performed. The levels of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined and compared, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to verify the role of the gut microbiota. Our results identified 27 in FD-containing serum. FZD increased the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio and the Lactobacillus abundance and affected the β diversity of the gut microbiota in rats with CHF. Differential species analysis showed that Lactobacillus and Prevotella were biomarkers of FZD treatment of CHF. Untargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that FZD affected valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; galactose metabolism; and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis in rats with CHF. Furthermore, FZD significantly increased the acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and isopentanoic acid levels in the feces of rats with CHF. Correlation analysis showed that the butyric acid and Lactobacillus levels had the strongest correlation in the control, sham and high-dose FZD (HFZD) groups, and many microbiota components were closely related to differentially abundant metabolites. FMT revealed that the fecal microbiota obtained from the HFZD group changed the heart rate; the brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, and metabolite levels; and the gut microbiota in rats with CHF. In summary, our study revealed that the mechanism of action of FZD in CHF treatment may be related to improvements in the gut microbiota, elevations in the SCFA content and the regulation of valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis; galactose metabolism; and other metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taixiang Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Hongxiong Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Wenbin He
- National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Junlong Zhang
- National International Joint Research Center for Molecular Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, China.
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Huang W, Wang J, Kuang M, Xiao Z, Fan B, Sun G, Tan Z. Exploring global research status and trends in anti-obesity effects of traditional Chinese medicine through intestinal microbiota: a bibliometric study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1271473. [PMID: 38045760 PMCID: PMC10690589 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1271473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intestinal microbiota (IM) has been found to contribute to metabolic disorders that lead to excessive fat accumulation, systemic and chronic low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance in the host. Current research highlights a pivotal interaction between IM and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in mitigating obesity-related diseases. Undeniably, IM stands as a central focus in TCM research aimed at preventing and treating obesity. Therefore, tracing the progress and trends in this field can offer valuable references and insights for future studies. Methods On June 17, 2023, we conducted a literature search on the topic of "IM and obesity in TCM" spanning the period from 2009 to 2023. We extracted the primary information of the publications, which includes complete records and reference citations, from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) within the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). To visualize and analyze the literature, we utilized CiteSpace and VOSviewer for bibliometric analysis. Results During the past fifteen years, a rapid increase in the number of publications has been observed. The cooperative networks demonstrate China, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Food & Function as the most active countries, organizations, and journals in this field, respectively. Liu Bin has contributed the most publications. A paper by Xu Jia, published in 2014, holds the highest Local Citation Score (LCS). Analyses of keyword co-occurrence and reference co-citation indicate that the research hotspots of IM and obesity in TCM are primarily focused on the metabolic benefits driven by endogenous functional metabolic molecules generated by TCM regulation of IM. Other focal points include the mechanism by which TCM regulates IM to restore the intestinal mucosal barrier This is a provisional file, not the final typeset article, and manages the gut-organ axis, the metabolic advantages of acupuncture's regulation of IM, and the process by which Chinese medicine small molecules transform IM. Conclusion This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the current status, hotspots, and trends in global TCM research. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive summary and exploration of the latest advancements in this field, thereby emphasizing the essence of TCM more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Guixiang Sun
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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He Y, Xu G, Jiang P, She D, Huang L, Chen C. Antibacterial diarrhea effect and action mechanism of Portulaca oleracea L. water extract based on the regulation of gut microbiota and fecal metabolism. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:7260-7272. [PMID: 37357594 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Portulaca oleracea has served as food and folk medicine in many parts of the world for thousands of years. Portulaca oleracea extract (POE) was prepared from fresh plants. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial diarrhea effect and explore the possible mechanism. RESULTS POE was effective in reducing diarrhea rate, improving intestinal tissue, and reducing cytokines concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-12 p40 and TNF-α in blood. Besides, the result of histological observation showed that the mucus layer thickness and crypt length in the POE-treated group was higher than that in the model group. The POE could significantly upregulate the protein expression of MUC2, occludin and ZO-1. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis showed that Parabacteroides, Clostridium and Muribaculaceae may be the key functional microflora of POE. The non-targeted metabolomics also suggested that the antibacterial diarrheal effects of P. oleracea may be attributed to the regulation of amino acid metabolism and composition of the gut microbiota. CONCLUSION Portulaca oleracea has definite clinical efficacy against bacterial diarrhea and anti-inflammatory effects. Its regulation of gut microbiota and fecal metabolism may account for its antibacterial diarrhea and anti-inflammatory effects. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei He
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-Agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangpei Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyong She
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunwu Chen
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering of West Anhui University, Lu'an, People's Republic of China
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Xu Y, Zhu M, Feng Y, Xu H. Panax notoginseng-microbiota interactions: From plant cultivation to medicinal application. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 119:154978. [PMID: 37549538 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbiomes and their host plants are closely linked with each other; for example, the microbiome affects plant growth, fitness, nutrient uptake, stress tolerance and pathogen resistance, whereas the host plant supports the photosynthetically carbon-rich nutrition of the microbiome. The importance of the microbiome in plant‒soil ecosystems is unquestioned and has expanded to influence the medicinal application of some herbal plants via the gut microbiota. PURPOSE Herbal plant-microbiome interactions may provide novel knowledge to enhance the robustness of herbal plant crop performance and medicinal applications, which requires a systematic review and preceding discussion. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The interactions between Panax notoginseng and microorganisms (from soil to host) were reviewed from the literature. The terms "Panax notoginseng" and "microbiota" were used in combination with the keywords "microbiota/microbes", "bacteria/bacterium" or "fungi/fungus" or "endophyte", as well as our targeted bioactive phytochemicals, including saponins and ginsenosides. RESULT Our study focuses on the famous medicinal herb Panax notoginseng F. H. Chen and proposes that the microbiota is a crucial participant not only in the cultivation of this herbal plant but also in its medicinal application. We also summarize and discuss how these plant‒microbe co-associations shape the assembly of plant-related microbiomes and produce bioactive phytochemicals, as well as influence beneficial herbal traits, such as herbal plant health and pharmacology. In addition, we also highlight future directions. CONCLUSION The rhizosphere and endophytic microbiome of Panax notoginseng are indirectly or directly involved in plant health, biomass production, and the synthesis/biotransformation of plant secondary metabolites. Harnessing the microbiome to improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine and improve the value of medicinal plants for human health is highly promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengjie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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22
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Li L, Yan S, Liu S, Wang P, Li W, Yi Y, Qin S. In-depth insight into correlations between gut microbiota and dietary fiber elucidates a dietary causal relationship with host health. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113133. [PMID: 37689844 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber exerts a wide range of biological benefits on host health, which not only provides a powerful source of nutrition for gut microbiota but also supplies key microbial metabolites that directly affect host health. This review mainly focuses on the decomposition and metabolism of dietary fiber and the essential genera Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium in dietary fiber fermentation. Dietary fiber plays an essential role in host health by impacting outcomes related to obesity, enteritis, immune health, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, the gut microbiota-independent pathway of dietary fiber affecting host health is also discussed. Personalized dietary fiber intake combined with microbiome, genetics, epigenetics, lifestyle and other factors has been highlighted for development in the future. A higher level of evidence is needed to demonstrate which microbial phenotype benefits from which kind of dietary fiber. In-depth insights into the correlation between gut microbiota and dietary fiber provide strong theoretical support for the precise application of dietary fiber, which elucidates a dietary causal relationship with host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Shuling Yan
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuangjiang Liu
- Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Wenjun Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Yuetao Yi
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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Su LL, Li X, Guo ZJ, Xiao XY, Chen P, Zhang JB, Mao CQ, Ji D, Mao J, Gao B, Lu TL. Effects of different steaming times on the composition, structure and immune activity of Polygonatum Polysaccharide. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 310:116351. [PMID: 36914038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE As a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Polygonati Rhizoma has high medicinal value, it can enhance the immune capacity of the body, regulate the metabolism of blood glucose and lipids, treat weakness of the stomach and intestines and physical fatigue, and so on. There are three plant varieties of Polygonati Rhizoma recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, including Polygonatum sibiricum Red., Polygonatum kingianum Coll. et Hemsl. and Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, compared with the first two, Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is less studied. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is one of the basal plants of the Chinese herb Polygonati Rhizoma, that strengthens the spleen, moistens the lungs, and benefits the kidneys. Polygonatum polysaccharide is the main active substance of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua, which has various biological effects of regulating immune system, anti-inflammatory, anti-antidepressant, antioxidant and other effects. AIM OF THE STUDY In order to analyze the necessity and scientificity of multiple cycles of steaming during the traditional nine-steaming and nine-drying process of the concoction of Polygonatum, we investigated the changes in the composition and structure of polysaccharides, and explored its immunomodulatory activity and molecular biological mechanism. METHODS The structural characterization and molecular weight of polysaccharides were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM), high-performance size exclusion chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector (HPSEC-ELSD) and Matrix.assisted laser resolutionu ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The composition and proportion of monosaccharides were determined by PMP-HPLC method. A mouse immunosuppression model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide to compare the immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of different steaming times of Polygonatum, The changes of body mass and immune organ indices of mice were measured; the secretion levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon γ (IFN-γ) and the expression levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; and then flow cytometry was used to detect T-lymphocyte subpopulations to evaluate the differences of immunomodulatory effects of polysaccharides during the processing and preparation of Polygonatum. Finally, the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze short-chain fatty acids and to investigate the effects of different steaming times of Polygonatum polysaccharides on immune function and intestinal flora in immunosuppressed mice. RESULTS The structure of the Polygonatum polysaccharide with different steaming times changed significantly, the relative molecular weight of Polygonatum polysaccharide decreased significantly, and the monosaccharide composition of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua with different steaming times was the same but the content was different. The immunomodulatory activity of the Polygonatum polysaccharide was enhanced after concoction, which significantly increased the spleen index and thymus index, and increased the expression of IL-2, IFN-γ, IgA and IgM. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio of Polygonatum polysaccharide also increased gradually with different steaming times, indicating enhanced immune function and significant immunomodulatory effect. The content of short-chain fatty acids in the feces of mice in both six steaming six sun-drying of Polygonatum polysaccharides (SYWPP) and nine steaming nine sun-drying of Polygonatum polysaccharides (NYWPP) groups increased significantly, including the content of propionic acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid, and also had a good effect on the regulation and improvement of microbial community abundance and diversity, SYWPP and NYWPP increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides and the ratio of Bacteroides and Firmicutes (B:F), while SYWPP significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroides, Alistipes and norank_f__Lachnospiraceae, but the effect of raw Polygonatum polysaccharides (RPP) and NYWPP was not significant than SYWPP. CONCLUSION Overall, both SYWPP and NYWPP could significantly enhance the immune activity of the organism, improve the imbalance of intestinal flora in immunosuppressed mice, and increase the content of intestinal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), it is noteworthy that SYWPP has a better effect on the improvement of the immune activity of the organism. These findings can explore the stage of the concoction process of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua to achieve the best effect, provide a reference basis for the development of quality standards, and at the same time promote the application of new therapeutic agents and health foods in raw and different steaming times of Polygonatum polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Lin Su
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Guo
- China Resources Sanjiu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiu-Ba Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chun-Qin Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - De Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Mao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Bo Gao
- China Resources Sanjiu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
| | - Tu-Lin Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Lan T, Tang T, Li Y, Duan Y, Yuan Q, Liu W, Ren Y, Li N, Liu X, Zhang Y, Li X, Jin G, Wang S, Guo J. FTZ polysaccharides ameliorate kidney injury in diabetic mice by regulating gut-kidney axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154935. [PMID: 37364420 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Fufang-zhenzhu-tiaozhi formula (FTZ), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly used to treat metabolic diseases, potentially impacts the microbial ecosystem. Increasing evidence suggests that polysaccharides, bioactive components of TCMs, have great potential on kinds of diseases such as DKD by regulating intestinal flora. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate whether the polysaccharide components in FTZ (FTZPs) have beneficial effects in DKD mice via the gut-kidney axis. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The DKD model in mice was established by streptozotocin combined with a high-fat diet (STZ/HFD). Losartan was used as a positive control, and FTZPs were administered at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg daily. Renal histological changes were measured by H&E and Masson staining. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to analyze the effects of FTZPs on renal inflammation and fibrosis, which were further confirmed using RNA sequencing. Immunofluorescence was used to analyze the effects of FTZPs on colonic barrier function in DKD mice. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to evaluate the contribution of intestinal flora. 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to analyze the composition of intestinal bacteria, and UPLC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics was used to identify the metabolite profiles. RESULTS Treatment with FTZPs attenuated kidney injury, as indicated by the decreased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio and improved renal architecture. FTZPs downregulated the expression of renal genes associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and systematically blunted related pathways. FTZPs also restored the colonic mucosal barrier and increased the expression of tight junction proteins (E-cadherin). The FMT experiment confirmed the substantial contribution of the FTZPs-reshaped microbiota to relieving DKD symptoms. Moreover, FTZPs elevated the content of short-chain fatty acids (propionic acid and butanoic acid) and increased the level of the SCFAs transporter Slc22a19. Intestinal flora disorders caused by diabetes, including the growth of the genera Weissella, Enterococcus and Akkermansia, were inhibited by FTZPs treatment. Spearman's analysis revealed that these bacteria were positively correlated with indicators of renal damage. CONCLUSION These results show that oral administration of FTZPs, by altering SCFAs levels and the gut microbiome, is a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Lan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Tang Tang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingling Duan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Yuqing Ren
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xuenan Liu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinglong Li
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guifang Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education; Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Li J, Li D, Chen Y, Chen W, Xu J, Gao L. Gut Microbiota and Aging: Traditional Chinese Medicine and Modern Medicine. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:963-986. [PMID: 37351381 PMCID: PMC10284159 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s414714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The changing composition of gut microbiota, much like aging, accompanies people throughout their lives, and the inextricable relationship between both has recently attracted extensive attention as well. Modern medical research has revealed that a series of changes in gut microbiota are involved in the aging process of organisms, which may be because gut microbiota modulates aging-related changes related to innate immunity and cognitive function. At present, there is no definite and effective method to delay aging. However, Nobel laureate Tu Youyou's research on artemisinin has inspired researchers to study the importance of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). TCM, as an ancient alternative medicine, has unique advantages in preventive health care and in treating diseases as it already has formed an independent understanding of the aging system. TCM practitioners believe that the mechanism of aging is mainly deficiency, and pathological states such as blood stasis, qi stagnation and phlegm coagulation can exacerbate the process of aging, which involves a series of organs, including the brain, kidney, heart, liver and spleen. Our current understanding of aging has led us to realise that TCM can indeed make some beneficial changes, such as the improvement of cognitive impairment. However, due to the multi-component and multi-target nature of TCM, the exploration of its mechanism of action has become extremely complex. While analysing the relationship between gut microbiota and aging, this review explores the similarities and differences in treatment methods and mechanisms between TCM and Modern Medicine, in order to explore a new approach that combines TCM and Modern Medicine to regulate gut microbiota, improve immunity and delay aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Li
- Department of First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Diabetes, Licheng District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Care, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education, Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
- Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, People’s Republic of China
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Feng S, Wan Q, Wu W, Zhang C, Lu H, Lu X. Effect of gut microbiome regulated Taohong Siwu Decoction metabolism on glioma cell phenotype. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1192589. [PMID: 37342242 PMCID: PMC10277651 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1192589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To establish a new model for exploring the mechanism of the gut microbiome and drug metabolism, we explored whether Taohong Siwu Decoction acts after metabolism by intestinal flora under the premise of clarifying the interaction between intestinal flora and drug metabolism. Methods Taohong Siwu Decoction (TSD) was fed to germ-free mice and conventional mice, respectively. The serum from both groups of mice was removed and co-cultured with glioma cells in vitro. The co-cultured glioma cells were compared separately for changes at the RNA level using RNA-seq technology. The genes of interest in the comparison results were selected for validation. Results The differences in the phenotypic alterations of glioma cells between serum from TSD-fed germ-free mice and normal mice were statistically significant. In vitro experiments showed that Taohong Siwu Decoction-fed normal mouse serum-stimulated glioma cells, which inhibited proliferation and increased autophagy. RNA-seq analysis showed that TSD-fed normal mouse serum could regulate CDC6 pathway activity in glioma cells. The therapeutic effect of TSD is significantly influenced by intestinal flora. Conclusion The treatment of tumors by TSD may be modulated by intestinal flora. We established a new method to quantify the relationship between intestinal flora and the regulation of TSD efficacy through this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyin Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Neuroscience Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Quan Wan
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
| | - Weijiang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Neuroscience Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Institute of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Neuroscience Center, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Neurological Institute, Wuxi No.2 People’s Hospital, Wuxi, China
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Zhang S, Jin M, Ren J, Sun X, Zhang Z, Luo Y, Sun X. New insight into gut microbiota and their metabolites in ischemic stroke: A promising therapeutic target. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114559. [PMID: 36989717 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis has been shown to play a vital role in the prognosis and recovery of ischemic stroke (IS), which is associated with gut microbiota dysfunction and changes in the gastrointestinal system and epithelial barrier integrity. In turn, gut microbiota and its derived metabolites can influence stroke outcomes. In this review, we first describe the relationship between IS (clinical and experimental IS) and the gut microbiota. Second, we summarize the role and specific mechanisms of microbiota-derived metabolites in IS. Further, we discuss the roles of natural medicines targeting the gut microbiota. Finally, the potential use of the gut microbiota and derived metabolites as a promising therapeutic opportunity for stroke prevention, diagnosis, and treatment is explored.
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Yi ZY, Peng YJ, Hui BP, Liu Z, Lin QX, Zhao D, Wang Y, Liu X, Xie J, Zhang SH, Huang JH, Yu R. Zuogui-Jiangtang-Yishen decoction prevents diabetic kidney disease: Intervene pyroptosis induced by trimethylamine n-oxide through the mROS-NLRP3 axis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154775. [PMID: 36990008 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become one of the most threatening to the end-stage renal diseases, and the early prevention of DKD is inevitable for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. AIMS Pyroptosis, a programmed cell death that mediates renal inflammation induced early renal injury. The trimethylamine n-oxide (TMAO) was also an independent risk factor for renal injury. Here, the associations between TMAO-induced pyroptosis and pathogenesis of DKD were studied, and the potential mechanism of Zuogui-Jiangtang-Yishen (ZGJTYS) decoction to prevent DKD was further investigated. METHOD Using Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats to establish the early DKD models. The 16S-ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing, fecal fermentation and UPLC-MS targeted metabolism techniques were combined to explore the changes of gut-derived TMAO level under the background of DKD and the effects of ZGJTYS. The proximal convoluted tubule epithelium of human renal cortex (HK-2) cells was adopted to explore the influence of pyroptosis regulated by TMAO. RESULTS It was demonstrated that ZGJTYS could prevent the progression of DKD by regulating glucolipid metabolism disorder, improving renal function and delaying renal pathological changes. In addition, we illustrated that gut-derived TMAO could promote DKD by activating the mROS-NLRP3 axis to induce pyroptosis. Furthermore, besides interfering with the generation of TMAO through gut microbiota, ZGJTYS inhibited TMAO-induced pyroptosis with a high-glucose environment and the underlying mechanism was related to the regulation of mROS-NLRP3 axis. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that ZGJTYS inhibited the activation of pyroptosis by gut-derived TMAO via the mROS-NLRP3 axis to prevent DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yang Yi
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Ya-Jun Peng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410007, P.R China; Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Ping Hui
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Qing-Xia Lin
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Di Zhao
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Yan Wang
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Xiu Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xie
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Shui-Han Zhang
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China
| | - Jian-Hua Huang
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China; Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, P. R. China.
| | - Rong Yu
- Hunan academy of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, P.R China; Hunan Key Laboratory of TCM Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410208, P. R. China.
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Zhang Y, Chen T, Hao X, Hu Y, Chen M, Zhang D, Cai H, Luo J, Kong L, Huang S, Huang Y, Yang N, Liu R, Li Q, Yuan C, Wang C, Zhou H, Huang W, Zhang W. Mapping the regulatory effects of herbal organic compounds on gut bacteria. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193:106804. [PMID: 37244386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P. R. China; DPM, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P. R. China
| | - Manyun Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China
| | - Daiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P. R. China
| | - Hong Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, P. R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Sutianzi Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfei Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha 410008, P. R. China
| | - Nian Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, P. R. China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha 410008, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, P. R. China
| | - Chunsu Yuan
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Chongzhi Wang
- Tang Center of Herbal Medicine Research and Department of Anesthesia & Critical Care, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha 410008, P. R. China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha 410008, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, P. R. China; Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, P. R. China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, P. R. China; Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410006, P. R. China.
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Gui J, Azad MAK, Lin W, Meng C, Hu X, Cui Y, Lan W, He J, Kong X. Dietary supplementation with Chinese herb ultrafine powder improves intestinal morphology and physical barrier function by altering jejunal microbiota in laying hens. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1185806. [PMID: 37260679 PMCID: PMC10227515 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1185806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chinese medicinal herbs play important roles in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. However, the effects of Chinese herb ultrafine powder (CHUP) on laying hens still need to be elucidated. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary CHUP supplementation on jejunal morphology, physical barrier function, and microbiota in laying hens. Methods A total of 576 Xinyang black-feather laying hens (300 days old) were randomly assigned into eight groups, with eight replicates per group and nine hens per replicate. The hens were fed a basal diet (control group) and a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% Leonuri herba (LH group), 0.25% Ligustri lucidi fructus (LF group), 0.25% Taraxaci herba (TH group), 0.5% LH + 0.25% LF (LH-LF group), 0.5% LH + 0.25% TH (LH-TH group), 0.25% LF + 0.25% TH (LF-TH group), and 0.5% LH + 0.25% LF + 0.25% TH (LH-LF-TH group), respectively, for 120 days. Results The results showed that dietary LH-LF and LH-LF-TH supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the jejunal villus height to crypt depth ratio of laying hens. Dietary LF-TH supplementation up-regulated jejunal claudin-5 expression, while LH supplementation up-regulated jejunal claudin-1 expression and increased the jejunal abundances of potentially beneficial bacteria related to short-chain fatty acids and bacteriocins production, such as Blautia, Carnobacterium, Clostridiales, and Erysipelotrichales (p < 0.05). In addition, dietary LH supplementation enriched (p < 0.05) the tetracycline biosynthesis, butirosin/neomycin biosynthesis, and D-arginine/D-ornithine metabolism, whereas steroid biosynthesis and limonene/pinene degradation were enriched (p < 0.05) in the LH-LF and LH-LF-TH groups. Moreover, Spearman's correlation analysis revealed the potential correlation between the abundance of the jejunal microbiota and jejunal morphology and the physical barrier function of laying hens. Discussion Collectively, these findings suggest that dietary CHUP supplementation could enhance the beneficial bacteria abundance, physical barrier function, and metabolic function associated with short-chain fatty acids and bacteriocins production. Moreover, combined supplementation of dietary CHUP showed better effects than the sole CHUP supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Gui
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Md Abul Kalam Azad
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenchao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chengwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Hu
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Yadong Cui
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Lan
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
| | - Jianhua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, Anhui, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Feng L, Bao T, Bai L, Mu X, Ta N, Bao M, Li Y, Zhang J, Fu M, Chen Y. Mongolian medicine formulae Ruda-6 alleviates indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer by regulating gut microbiome and serum metabolomics in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116545. [PMID: 37196816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ruda-6 (RD-6), a typical traditional Mongolian medicine formulae consisting of 6 herbs, has been traditionally used in treating gastric disorders. Even though it has been shown to protect against gastric ulcers (GU) in animal models, the gut microbiome and serum metabololite-related mechanisms that prevent GU are not well understood. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was conducted to evaluate the gastroprotective mechanism of RD-6 associated with the alteration of the gut microbiome and serum metabolic profiles in GU rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS RD-6 (0.27, 1.35 and 2.7 g/kg) or ranitidine (40 mg/kg) were orally administered in rats for three weeks before the induction of gastric ulcer using indomethacin (30 mg/kg, single oral dose). The gastric ulcer index, ulcer area, H&E staining, and the levels of TNF-α, iNOS, MPO and MDA were quantified to evaluate the ulcer inhibitory effects of RD-6. Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing combined with LC-MS metabolic profiling was performed to investigate the effect of RD-6 on the gut microbiota and serum metabolites in rats. Moreover, a spearman analysis was used to calculate the correlation coefficient between the different microbiota and the metabolites. RESULTS RD-6 inhibited the gastric lesion damage caused by indomethacin in rats, decreased the ulcer index by 50.29% (p < 0.05), reduced the levels of TNF-α, iNOS, MDA and MPO in gastric tissue. Additionally, RD-6 reshaped the diversity and microbial composition, and reversed the reduced bacteria including [Eubacterium]_xylanophilum group, Sellimonas, Desulfovibrio, and UCG-009, and the increased bacteria Aquamicrobium caused by indomethacin induction. Furthermore, RD-6 regulated the levels of metabolites including amino acids and organic acids, and these affected metabolites were involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism and tryptophan metabolism. Spearman analysis revealed that the perturbed gut microbiota were closely related to the changes in differential serum metabolites. CONCLUSION In view of the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-MS metabolic results, the present study suggests the mechanism of RD-6 ameliorating GU via modulating intestinal microbiota and their metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Feng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Terigele Bao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Laxinamujila Bai
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Xiyele Mu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Na Ta
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Minglan Bao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
| | - Yonghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Junqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Minghai Fu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China.
| | - Yongsheng Chen
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Control of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Mongolian Medicine), School of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China.
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Zhang ZW, Han P, Fu J, Yu H, Xu H, Hu JC, Lu JY, Yang XY, Zhang HJ, Bu MM, Jiang JD, Wang Y. Gut microbiota-based metabolites of Xiaoyao Pills (a typical Traditional Chinese medicine) ameliorate depression by inhibiting fatty acid amide hydrolase levels in brain. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 313:116555. [PMID: 37100263 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are often prepared in oral dosage forms, making TCMs interact with gut microbiota after oral administration, which could affect the therapeutic effect of TCM. Xiaoyao Pills (XYPs) are a commonly used TCM in China to treat depression. The biological underpinnings, however, are still in its infancy due to its complex chemical composition. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aims to explore XYPs' underlying antidepressant mechanism from both in vivo and in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS XYPs were composed of 8 herbs, including the root of Bupleurum chinense DC., the root of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., the sclerotia of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, the rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., the leaves of Mentha haplocalyx Briq., the rhizome of Atractylis lancea var. chinensis (Bunge) Kitam., and the rhizome of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, in a ratio of 5:5:5:5:4:1:5:5. The chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rat models were established. After that, the sucrose preference test (SPT) was carried out to evaluate if the rats were depressed. After 28 days of treatment, the forced swimming test and SPT were carried out to evaluate the antidepressant efficacy of XYPs. The feces, brain and plasma were taken out for 16SrRNA gene sequencing analysis, untargeted metabolomics and gut microbiota transformation analysis. RESULTS The results revealed multiple pathways affected by XYPs. Among them, the hydrolysis of fatty acids amide in brain decreased most significant via XYPs treatment. Moreover, the XYPs' metabolites which mainly derived from gut microbiota (benzoic acid, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhetinic acid and saikogenin D) were found in plasma and brain of CUMS rats and could inhibit the levels of FAAH in brain, which contributed to XYPs' antidepressant effect. CONCLUSIONS The potential antidepressant mechanism of XYPs by untargeted metabolomics combined with gut microbiota-transformation analysis was revealed, which further support the theory of gut-brain axis and provide valuable evidence of the drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Pei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jie Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jia-Chun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jin-Yue Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Hao-Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Meng-Meng Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jian-Dong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Zhong YH, Liang J, Qin Q, Wang YJ, Peng YM, Zhang T, Liu FY, Zhang XY, He JW, Zhang SW, Zhong GY, Huang HL, Zeng JX. The activities and mechanisms of intestinal microbiota metabolites of TCM herbal ingredients could be illustrated by a strategy integrating spectrum-effects, network pharmacology, metabolomics and molecular docking analysis: Platycodin D as an example. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154831. [PMID: 37094423 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal microbiota plays a key role in understanding the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as it could transform the herbal ingredients to metabolites with higher bioavailability and activity comparing to their prototypes. Nevertheless, the study of the activity and mechanism of microbiota metabolites reported by the published literature still lacks viable ways. Hence a new strategy is proposed to solve this issue. PURPOSE A new strategy to study the activity and mechanism of intestinal microbiota metabolites of TCM herbal ingredients by integrating spectrum-effect relationship, network pharmacology, metabolomics analysis and molecular docking together was developed and proposed. METHOD Platycodin D (PD) and its microbiota metabolites with antitussive and expectorant effect were selected as an example for demonstration. First, the PD and its microbiota metabolites with important contribution to antitussive and/or expectorant effects were screened through spectrum-effect relationship analysis. Second, network pharmacology and metabolomics analysis were integrated to identify the upstream key targets of PD and its microbiota metabolites as well as the downstream endogenous metabolites. Finally, the active forms of PD were further confirmed by molecular docking. RESULTS Results showed that PD was an active ingredient with antitussive and/or expectorant effects, and the active forms of PD were its microbiota metabolites: 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin, 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl isoplatycodigenin, 7‑hydroxyl-3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin, platycodigenin and isoplatycodigenin. In addition, those microbiota metabolites could bind the key targets of PAH, PLA2G2A, ALOX5, CYP2C9 and CYP2D6 to exert antitussive effects by regulating four metabolic pathways of phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism. Similarly, they could also bind the key targets of PLA2G1B, ALOX5, CYP2C9 and CYP2D6 to exert expectorant effect by regulating two pathways of glycerophospholipid metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism. CONCLUSION The proposed strategy paves a new way for the illustration of the activities and mechanisms of TCM herbal ingredients, which is very important to reconcile the conundrums of TCM herbal ingredients with low oral bioavailability but high activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Han Zhong
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qian Qin
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yi-Ming Peng
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Liu
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zhang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jun-Wei He
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Shou-Wen Zhang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Guo-Yue Zhong
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hui-Lian Huang
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Zeng
- Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Minority Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Cui X, Su Y, Huang X, Chen J, Ma J, Liao P, He X. Combined analysis of plasma metabolome and intestinal microbiome sequencing to explore jiashen prescription and its potential role in changing intestine–heart axis and effect on chronic heart failure. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1147438. [PMID: 36970332 PMCID: PMC10036802 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1147438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHeart failure (HF) is a syndrome with global clinical and socioeconomic burden worldwide owing to its poor prognosis. Jiashen Prescription (JSP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, exhibits unambiguous effects on treating HF. Previously, we have reported that underlying mechanisms of JSP by an untargeted metabolomics approach, but the contribution of gut microbiota and metabolic interaction to the cardioprotective efficacy of JSP remains to be elucidated.Materials and methodsFirstly, the rat model of heart failure was established by the permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. The efficacy evaluation of JSP in treating HF rats was per-formed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Then, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC/MS-based metabolomic analysis were utilized to explore the characteristics of cecal-contents microecology and plasma metabolic profile, respectively. After that, the correlation between intestinal micro-ecological characteristics and plasma metabolic characteristics was analyzed to explore the potential mechanism of the JSP treatment in HF.ResultsJSP could improve the cardiac function of heart failure rats and thus ameliorate heart failure via enhancing rat LVEF. Results of intestinal flora analysis revealed that JSP not only adjusted gut microbiota disturbances by enriching species diversity, reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria (such as Allobaculum, Brevinema), as well as increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria (such as Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group), but also improved metabolic disorders by reversing metabolite plasma levels to normality. Through the conjoint analysis of 8 metabolites and the OTUs relative abundance data in the 16srRNA sequencing results by WGCNA method, 215 floras significantly related to the eight compounds were identified. The results of the correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between intestinal microbiota and plasma metabolic profile, especially the significant correlation of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Protoporphyrin IX, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group and nicotinamide, dihydrofolic acid.ConclusionThe present study illustrated the underlying mechanism of JSP to treat heart failure by affecting intestinal flora and plasma metabolites, provide a potential therapeutic strategy against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialian Cui
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyan Su
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaping Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiran Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Peiran Liao
| | - Xin He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Xin He
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Liu Z, Wang T, Zhu Y, Zhao H, Zhou Z, Wu Q. Improvements in Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Aged Mice Transplanted with Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2023; 32:185-196. [PMID: 36680756 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2022.0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), as a cell therapy with considerable therapeutic potential, have received increasing attention in tissue repair, endocrine regulation, immune regulation, and aging and obesity research. Gut microbiota are present in all organisms and play important roles in the development of aging and obesity. Dysbiosis activates inflammatory pathways that may contribute to the development of aging and obesity. We used C57BL/6 J mice of different ages to carry out the experiment. Young mice were used as donors for ASC. Feces from the three groups were collected for 16sRNA sequencing to analyze the species composition of intestinal microorganisms, and then, predicted metabolic pathways by PICRUSt2 using 16s rRNA gene sequences. Immune cell levels in abdominal adipose tissue were assessed by flow cytometry. The content of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, and lipopolysaccharides in serum was measured by ELISA kit. Our 16sRNA sequencing data showed restoration of gut microbiota diversity and an increase in beneficial flora (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Prevotella) 7 days after ASC transplantation. In addition, the inflammatory environment improved in older transplanted mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebiao Liu
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zuping Zhou
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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Feng X, Li Z, Guo W, Hu Y. The effects of traditional Chinese medicine and dietary compounds on digestive cancer immunotherapy and gut microbiota modulation: A review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1087755. [PMID: 36845103 PMCID: PMC9945322 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1087755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive tract-related cancers account for four of the top ten high-risk cancers worldwide. In recent years, cancer immunotherapy, which exploits the innate immune system to attack tumors, has led to a paradigm shifts in cancer treatment. Gut microbiota modification has been widely used to regulate cancer immunotherapy. Dietary compounds and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can alter the gut microbiota and its influence on toxic metabolite production, such as the effect of iprindole on lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and involvement in various metabolic pathways that are closely associated with immune reactions. Therefore, it is an effective strategy to explore new immunotherapies for gastrointestinal cancer to clarify the immunoregulatory effects of different dietary compounds/TCMs on intestinal microbiota. In this review, we have summarized recent progress regarding the effects of dietary compounds/TCMs on gut microbiota and their metabolites, as well as the relationship between digestive cancer immunotherapy and gut microbiota. We hope that this review will act as reference, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical immunotherapy of digestive cancer via gut microbiota modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Feng
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenhao Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihong Guo, ; Yanfeng Hu,
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weihong Guo, ; Yanfeng Hu,
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Yu W, Jiang Y, Xu H, Zhou Y. The Interaction of Gut Microbiota and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Mechanism to Potential Therapies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020442. [PMID: 36830978 PMCID: PMC9953339 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a disease for which there is no definite and effective treatment, and the number of patients is more than 50% of heart failure (HF) patients. Gut microbiota (GMB) is a general term for a group of microbiota living in humans' intestinal tracts, which has been proved to be related to cardiovascular diseases, including HFpEF. In HFpEF patients, the composition of GMB is significantly changed, and there has been a tendency toward dysbacteriosis. Metabolites of GMB, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) mediate various pathophysiological mechanisms of HFpEF. GMB is a crucial influential factor in inflammation, which is considered to be one of the main causes of HFpEF. The role of GMB in its important comorbidity-metabolic syndrome-also mediates HFpEF. Moreover, HF would aggravate intestinal barrier impairment and microbial translocation, further promoting the disease progression. In view of these mechanisms, drugs targeting GMB may be one of the effective ways to treat HFpEF. This review focuses on the interaction of GMB and HFpEF and analyzes potential therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yafeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: 86-512-65955057
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Zheng L, Luo M, Zhou H, Chen J. Natural products from plants and microorganisms: Novel therapeutics for chronic kidney disease via gut microbiota regulation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1068613. [PMID: 36733377 PMCID: PMC9887141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1068613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. Natural products from plants and microorganisms can achieve recognizable improvement in renal function and serve as an alternative treatment for chronic kidney disease patients with a long history, yet less is known on its beneficial effects on kidney injury by targeting the intestinal microbiota. In this review, we summarize studies on the effects of natural products from plants and microorganisms, including herbal medicines and their bioactive extracts, polysaccharides from plants and microorganisms, and phytochemicals, on the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease through targeting gut microflora. We describe the strategies of these anti-CKD effects in animal experiments including remodulation of gut microbiota structure, reduction of uremic toxins, enhancement of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, regulation of intestinal inflammatory signaling, and improvement in intestinal integrity. Meanwhile, the clinical trials of different natural products in chronic kidney disease clinical practice were also analyzed and discussed. These provide information to enable a better understanding of the renoprotective effects of these effective natural products from plants and microorganisms in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. Finally, we propose the steps to prove the causal role of the intestinal microflora in the treatment of chronic kidney disease by natural products from plants and microorganisms. We also assess the future perspective that natural active products from plants and microorganisms can beneficially delay the onset and progression of kidney disease by targeting the gut flora and highlight the remaining challenges in this area. With the continuous deepening of studies in recent years, it has been proved that gut microbiota is a potential target of natural active products derived from plants and microorganisms for chronic kidney disease treatment. Fully understanding the functions and mechanisms of gut microbiota in these natural active products from plants and microorganisms is conducive to their application as an alternative therapeutic in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingjing Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haokui Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Jianping Chen,
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Wang Z, Li W, Lu J, Yuan Z, Pi W, Zhang Y, Lei H, Jing W, Wang P. Revealing the active ingredients of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction by the supramolecular strategies and multitechnologies. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115704. [PMID: 36096345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch (RC) and Coptis chinensis Franch (RG) are traditional Chinese medicines, which are classic drug pair in prescriptions to treat gastrointestinal diseases. Multi-herb therapy is one of the most important features of traditional Chinese medicine, but due to the complex components of herbal decoctions, the substances that actually exert their medicinal effects have not been fully elucidated. The discovery of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Coptis chinensis Franch supramolecular parts (RC-RG SA) can provide a new perspective for explaining the mechanism of drug-pair compatibility. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to explore the active composition and identification of chemical constituents of RC-RG SA, and to explore the inhibitory effects of supramolecular parts on S. aureus and biofilm. MATERIALS AND METHODS The micromorphology of RC-RG SA was characterized by SEM and DLS. Intermolecular forces between Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Coptis chinensis Franch determined by ITC. The chemical constituents of RC-RG SA were systematically analyzed by UPLC-ESI-MSn. The inhibitory effect of RC-RG SA on S. aureus was determined by turbidimetric method and plate coating method. The scavenging effect of RC-RG SA supramolecular parts on S. aureus biofilm were observed by MTT method, SEM and LSCM, respectively. RESULTS The microstructure of RC-RG SA was spherical with a particle size of 161.6 nm. ITC proved that the reaction between decoction of RC and RG was exothermic. A total of 70 compounds were preliminarily identified in RC-RG SA, including 34 flavonoids, 34 alkaloids and 2 triterpenoids. The inhibitory effect of RC-RG supramolecular parts on S. aureus proliferation and the ability to clear S. aureus biofilm were better than RC-RG co-decoction and RC-RG non-supramolecular parts. CONCLUSIONS The Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Coptis chinensis Franch co-decoctions' supramolecular components were an important substance that exerts its medicinal effect. Current study provided supramolecular strategies to reveal the active ingredients and the medicinal effect of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijia Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Wen Li
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Jihui Lu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Zhihua Yuan
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Wenmin Pi
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Yaozhi Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Haimin Lei
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
| | - Wenguang Jing
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Penglong Wang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Cai Y, Dou X, Liang Y, Zhang W, Wu G, Ye J. A novel strategy integrating gas phase fractionation with staggered mass range and LC-MS/MS molecular network for comprehensive metabolites profiling of Gui Ling Ji in rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 222:115092. [PMID: 36228473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.115092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Metabolite detection from complex biological samples faces challenges due to interference from endogenous substrates and the inherent limitation of multiple subsequent tandem scanning rates of instruments. Here, a new integrated approach based on gas-phase fractionation with a staggered mass range (sGPF) and a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) molecular network was developed to accelerate the data processing of the targeted and untargeted constituents absorbed in rats after oral administration of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription Gui Ling Ji (GLJ). Compared with three conventional acquisition methods, sGPF at 3, 5, and 7 mass fractions could enhance MS/MS coverage with an increased MS/MS triggering rate of 29.4-206.2% over data-dependent acquisition (DDA), fast DDA and gas-phase fractionation. A mass range fraction setting of five optimized the performance. Based on the similar diagnostic fragment ions and characteristic neutral loss behaviors in the DDA-MS/MS spectrum, an initial molecular network of GLJ was created with the help of the global natural products social molecular networking (GNPS) platform. Furthermore, to remove the endogenous interference nodes, Cytoscape software was adopted to produce a clean and concise molecular network of prototype compounds and their corresponding metabolites. Using this strategy, a total of 210 compounds, including 59 prototype constituents and 151 metabolites, was unambiguously or tentatively identified in GLJ. This first systematic metabolic study of GLJ in vivo elucidated the potential pharmacodynamic basis of GLJ in clinical treatment. More importantly, this work can serve as a practical example and establish a guide for rapidly identifying TCM metabolites in biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China
| | - Ziqing Gao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yingli Cai
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiuxiu Dou
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yanlin Liang
- Guangyuyuan Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd., Shanxi 030800, PR China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, PR China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Ji Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Lu X, Li J, Ma Y, Khan I, Yang Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu G, Zhang Z, Yang P, Zhang C. Fermented Angelica sinensis activates Nrf2 signaling and modulates the gut microbiota composition and metabolism to attenuate D-gal induced liver aging. Food Funct 2023; 14:215-230. [PMID: 36477974 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01637k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable physiological process associated with an imbalance in the oxidative defense system. Angelica sinensis, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has anti-oxidant effects and has been considered as a potential supplement in anti-aging treatment. Nevertheless, it has the disadvantages of slow efficacy and long duration of treatment. Fermentation, as an efficient biotechnological approach, is beneficial for improving the nutritional capacity of the material. Fermented TCMs are considered to be more effective. In this study, fermented Angelica sinensis (FAS) and non-fermented Angelica sinensis (NFAS) were used to investigate changes in the chemical constituents. Furthermore, the improvement effect of FAS on D-galactose-induced aging in mice and the potential mechanisms were explored. The results revealed that FAS and NFAS had different constituents under the influence of fermentation, such as 3-phenyllactic acid, L-5-hydroxytryptophan, taxifolin and methyl gallate. These elevated constituents of FAS might help increase the ability of FAS to improve aging. The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose (2.5 g kg-1 day-1) for 44 days, and FAS (3 g kg-1 day-1) was administered daily by oral gavage after 2 weeks of induction with D-galactose. FAS was observed to significantly ameliorate changes associated with liver aging, such as reduction of MDA, AGEs and 8-OHdG. The contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines containing TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly suppressed in the FAS group. In addition, FAS activated Nrf2 signaling better than NFAS, improved the expression of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, GCLC, GCLM and GSS, and further increased the activities of SOD, CAT and other antioxidant enzymes in the liver. Simultaneously, it had a certain repair effect on the liver tissues of mice. The intestinal microbiota analysis showed that FAS could regulate the microbiota imbalance caused by aging, increase the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes by 95% and improve the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria related to Nrf2 signaling, such as Lactobacillus. Besides, fecal metabolite analysis identified uric acid as an evidential metabolite, suggesting that FAS participates in purine metabolism to improve aging. Therefore, the regulation of intestinal microbiota and metabolism may be one of the important mechanisms of FAS in alleviating hepatic oxidative stress via the gut-liver axis. The results of this study could provide information for the future development of postbiotic products that may have beneficial effects on the prevention or treatment of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Junxiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Yingchun Ma
- Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Israr Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yun Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Yuxi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - YaFei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - GuanLan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhiming Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of TCM, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pingrong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China. .,Gansu Institute for Drug Control, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Chunjiang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Liu B, Zhang L, Yang H, Zheng H, Liao X. Microbiota: A potential orchestrator of antidiabetic therapy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:973624. [PMID: 36777348 PMCID: PMC9911464 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.973624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota, as a 'new organ' of humans, has been identified to affect many biological processes, including immunity, inflammatory response, gut-brain neural circuits, and energy metabolism. Profound dysbiosis of the gut microbiome could change the metabolic pattern, aggravate systemic inflammation and insulin resistance, and exacerbate metabolic disturbance and the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this review is to focus on the potential roles and functional mechanisms of gut microbiota in the antidiabetic therapy. In general, antidiabetic drugs (α-glucosidase inhibitor, biguanides, incretin-based agents, and traditional Chinese medicine) induce the alteration of microbial diversity and composition, and the levels of bacterial component and derived metabolites, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids and indoles. The altered microbial metabolites are involved in the regulation of gut barrier, inflammation response, insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis. Furthermore, we summarize the new strategies for antidiabetic treatment based on microbial regulation, such as pro/prebiotics administration and fecal microbiota transplantation, and discuss the need for more basic and clinical researches to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of the new therapies for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoyu Liao
- *Correspondence: Xiaoyu Liao, ; Hongting Zheng,
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43
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Hou JY, Xu H, Cao GZ, Tian LL, Wang LH, Zhu NQ, Zhang JJ, Yang HJ. Multi-omics reveals Dengzhan Shengmai formulation ameliorates cognitive impairments in D-galactose-induced aging mouse model by regulating CXCL12/CXCR4 and gut microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1175970. [PMID: 37101548 PMCID: PMC10123283 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1175970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengzhan Shengmai (DZSM), a traditional Chinese medicine formulation, has been administered extensively to elderly individuals with cognitive impairment (CI). However, the underlying mechanisms by which Dengzhan Shengmai improves cognitive impairment remains unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the effect of Dengzhan Shengmai on aging-associated cognitive impairment via a comprehensive combination of transcriptomics and microbiota assessment. Dengzhan Shengmai was orally administered to a D-galactose-induced aging mouse model, and evaluation with an open field task (OFT), Morris water maze (MWM), and histopathological staining was performed. Transcriptomics and 16S rDNA sequencing were applied to elucidate the mechanism of Dengzhan Shengmai in alleviating cognitive deficits, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and immunofluorescence were employed to verify the results. The results first confirmed the therapeutic effects of Dengzhan Shengmai against cognitive defects; specifically, Dengzhan Shengmai improved learning and impairment, suppressed neuro loss, and increased Nissl body morphology repair. Comprehensive integrated transcriptomics and microbiota analysis indicated that chemokine CXC motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its ligand CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) were targets for improving cognitive impairments with Dengzhan Shengmai and also indirectly suppressed the intestinal flora composition. Furthermore, in vivo results confirmed that Dengzhan Shengmai suppressed the expression of CXC motif receptor 4, CXC chemokine ligand 12, and inflammatory cytokines. This suggested that Dengzhan Shengmai inhibited CXC chemokine ligand 12/CXC motif receptor 4 expression and modulated intestinal microbiome composition by influencing inflammatory factors. Thus, Dengzhan Shengmai improves aging-related cognitive impairment effects via decreased CXC chemokine ligand 12/CXC motif receptor 4 and inflammatory factor modulation to improve gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Robot Intelligent Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and MEGAROBO, Beijing, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - He Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Zhao Cao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang-Liang Tian
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Han Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Robot Intelligent Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and MEGAROBO, Beijing, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nai-Qiang Zhu
- Postdoctoral Mobile Research Station of China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Jing Zhang, ; Hong-Jun Yang,
| | - Hong-Jun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Robot Intelligent Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and MEGAROBO, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing-Jing Zhang, ; Hong-Jun Yang,
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44
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Yi C, Xu L, Luo C, He H, Ai X, Zhu H. In vitro digestion, fecal fermentation, and gut bacteria regulation of brown rice gel prepared from rice slurry backfilled with rice bran. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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45
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Shen P, Jia Y, Shi S, Sun J, Han X. Analytical and biomedical applications of microfluidics in traditional Chinese medicine research. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Liu Y, Liu X, Ye Q, Wang Y, Zhang J, Lin S, Wang G, Yang X, Zhang J, Chen S, Wu N. Fucosylated Chondroitin Sulfate against Parkinson's Disease through Inhibiting Inflammation Induced by Gut Dysbiosis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13676-13691. [PMID: 36226922 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence for the importance of the gut-brain axis in Parkinson's disease (PD) has attracted researchers' interest in the possible application of microbiota-based treatment approaches. Using a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model, we looked into the prospect of treating PD with fucosylated chondroitin sulfate obtained from sea cucumbers Isostichopus badionotus (fCS-Ib). We showed that giving fCS-Ib polysaccharide orally greatly reduced the motor deficits, dopamine depletion, and alpha-synuclein increase caused by MPTP in the substantia nigra (SN). It appears that the anti-PD action of fCS-Ib polysaccharide could be attained by squelching inflammation. Glial cell hyperactivation in SN and overproduction of proinflammatory substances in serum could both be suppressed by fCS-Ib polysaccharide injection. The bacterial DNA in fresh colonic feces was submitted to 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolic analyses to confirm the participation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the aforementioned interpretation. The findings showed that the MPTP treatment-induced decrease in norank_f_Muribaculaceae and the increase in Staphylococcus were reversed by the administration of fCS-Ib polysaccharide. The NF-κB signaling pathway was shown to be involved in the fCS-Ib polysaccharide-induced anti-inflammation. In conclusion, our research demonstrated for the first time how fCS-Ib polysaccharide combats PD by reducing inflammation caused by gut microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qiantao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yida Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiafu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jichun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, International Joint Laboratory for Embryonic Development and Prenatal Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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47
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Sishen Pill Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis with Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndromes: Role of Gut Microbiota, Fecal Metabolites, Inflammatory Dendritic Cells, and TLR4/NF- κB Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6132289. [PMID: 36310616 PMCID: PMC9605852 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6132289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sishen pill (SSP) is an old Chinese medicine used to treat colitis with spleen-kidney-yang deficiency (SKYD) syndromes. However, its exact mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and potential mechanisms of SSP on colitis with SKYD syndromes in mice. Colitis with SKYD syndromes was induced by rhubarb, hydrocortisone, and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and treatment was provided with SSP. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the inflammatory dendritic cell (infDC) regulations of SSP. The changes in the gut microbiota (GM) and fecal metabolites post-SSP treatment were investigated using the combination of 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Additionally, we also examined whether SSPs could regulate the infDCs by modifying TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. Compared with the DSS group, the disease activity index, colonic weight, index of colonic weight, and colonic injury scores, as well as the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p70 decreased significantly in the DSS + SSP group, while free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), testosterone (TESTO), body weight change, colonic length, and the levels of IL-10 increased. Also, SSP decreased the amounts of CD103+CD11c+iNOS+, CD103+CD11c+TNF-α +, CD11c+CD103+CD324+, CD103+CD11c+MHC-II+, and CD103+CD11c+CD115+. Interestingly, 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics showed that SSP treatment restored the dysbiosis of GM and improved the dysfunction in fecal metabolism in colitis mice with SKYD syndromes. Correlation analysis indicated that the modulatory effects of SSP on FT3, FT4, IL-10, colonic weight index, CD103+CD11c+TNF-α +, CD103+CD11c+MHC-II+, and 13 common differential metabolites were related to alterations in the abundance of Parvibacter, Aerococcus, norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, Akkermansia, and Rhodococcus in the GM. In addition, SSP markedly inhibited the activation of the TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, TAB2, and NF-κBp65 proteins and activated IκB. These results indicate that SSP can effectively alleviate colitis mice with SKYD syndrome by regulating infDCs, GM, fecal metabolites, and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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48
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Xia W, Liu B, Tang S, Yasir M, Khan I. The science behind TCM and Gut microbiota interaction-their combinatorial approach holds promising therapeutic applications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:875513. [PMID: 36176581 PMCID: PMC9513201 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.875513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The trend toward herbal medicine as an alternative treatment for disease medication is increasing worldwide. However, insufficient pharmacologic information is available about the orally taken medicines. Not only herbal medicine, but also Western drugs, when passing through the gastrointestinal tract, interact with trillions of microbes (known as the gut microbiome [GM]) and their enzymes. Gut microbiome enzymes induce massive structural and functional changes to the herbal products and impact the bioavailability and efficacy of the herbal therapeutics. Therefore, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) researchers extend the horizon of TCM research to the GM to better understand TCM pharmacology and enhance its efficacy and bioavailability. The study investigating the interaction between herbal medicine and gut microbes utilizes the holistic approach, making landmark achievements in the field of disease prognosis and treatment. The effectiveness of TCM is a multipathway modulation, and so is the GM. This review provides an insight into the understanding of a holistic view of TCM and GM interaction. Furthermore, this review briefly describes the mechanism of how the TCM-GM interaction deals with various illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Xia
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Liu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyun Tang
- National Drug Clinical Trial Agency, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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49
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Yue B, Zong G, Tao R, Wei Z, Lu Y. Crosstalk between traditional Chinese medicine-derived polysaccharides and the gut microbiota: A new perspective to understand traditional Chinese medicine. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4125-4138. [PMID: 36100366 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharide is a kind of macromolecule polymer composed of monosaccharides connected by glycosidic bonds. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), composed of various bioactive ingredients, is usually rich in polysaccharides. In recent years, extensive research on TCM polysaccharides has demonstrated their pharmacological effects. Polysaccharides can hardly be catabolized by enzymes encoded by the human genome but can be degraded to absorbable metabolites by bacteria inhabiting the colon. Hence, the gut microbiota plays a vital role in degrading TCM polysaccharides into short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which exert physiological functions locally and systemically. Besides, TCM polysaccharides can also modulate the composition and activities of the gut microbiota by promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibiting the colonization of pathogenic bacteria, ultimately restoring gut homeostasis and improving human health. In this review, we discuss the extraction and pharmacological effects of TCM polysaccharides, various functions of the gut microbiota, and the interactions between TCM polysaccharides and the gut microbiota, illuminating the mechanisms of TCM polysaccharides modulating host physiology via the gut microbiota. To firmly establish the clinical efficacy of TCM polysaccharides, further high-quality studies especially clinical trials are needed. Generally, discussion on the interplay between TCM polysaccharides and the gut microbiota is expected to elucidate their application prospects and inspire new thoughts in the development of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Yue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Gangfan Zong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruizhi Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhonghong Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Joint International Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Regenerative Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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50
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Yang S, Hao S, Wang Q, Lou Y, Jia L, Chen D. The interactions between traditional Chinese medicine and gut microbiota: Global research status and trends. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1005730. [PMID: 36171760 PMCID: PMC9510645 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1005730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a crosstalk between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and gut microbiota (GM), many articles have studied and discussed the relationship between the two. The purpose of this study is to use bibliometric analysis to explore the research status and development trends of the TCM/GM research, identify and analyze the highly cited papers relating to the TCM/GM. Methods A literature search regarding TCM/GM publications from 2004 to 2021 was undertaken on August 13, 2022. The main information (full record and cited references) of publications was extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) of Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). The Bibliometrix of R package, CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for bibliometric analysis. Results A total of 830 papers were included. The publication years of papers were from 2004 to 2021. The number of papers had increased rapidly since 2018. China had the most publications and made most contributions to this field. Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were in the leading productive position in TCM/GM research, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences had the highest total citations (TC). Duan Jin-ao from Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine had the largest number of publications, and Tong Xiao-lin from China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences had the most TC. The Journal of Ethnopharmacology had the most published papers and the most TC. The main themes in TCM/GM included the role of GM in TCM treatment of glucolipid metabolism diseases and lower gastrointestinal diseases; the mechanism of interactions between GM and TCM to treat diseases; the links between TCM/GM and metabolism; and the relationship between GM and oral bioavailability of TCM. Conclusion This study gained insight into the research status, hotspots and trends of global TCM/GM research, identified the most cited articles in TCM/GM and analyzed their characteristics, which may inform clinical researchers and practitioners’ future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shaodong Hao
- Sixth Clinical School of Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanni Lou
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jia
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jia, ; Dongmei Chen,
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Oncology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jia, ; Dongmei Chen,
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