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Yan Y, Hemmler D, Schmitt-Kopplin P. Discovery of Glycation Products: Unraveling the Unknown Glycation Space Using a Mass Spectral Library from In Vitro Model Systems. Anal Chem 2024; 96:3569-3577. [PMID: 38346319 PMCID: PMC10902809 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The nonenzymatic reaction between amino acids (AAs) and reducing sugars, also known as the Maillard reaction, is the primary source of free glycation products (GPs) in vivo and in vitro. The limited number of MS/MS records for GPs in public libraries hinders the annotation and investigation of nonenzymatic glycation. To address this issue, we present a mass spectral library containing the experimental MS/MS spectra of diverse GPs from model systems. Based on the conceptional reaction processes and structural characteristics of products, we classified GPs into common GPs (CGPs) and modified AAs (MAAs). A workflow for annotating GPs was established based on the structural and fragmentation patterns of each GP type. The final spectral library contains 157 CGPs, 499 MAAs, and 2426 GP spectra with synthetic model system information, retention time, precursor m/z, MS/MS, and annotations. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the use of the library for screening GPs in unidentified spectra of human plasma and urine. The AAs with the C6H10O5 modification, fructosylation from Amadori rearrangement, were the most found GPs. With the help of the model system, we confirmed the existence of C6H10O5-modified Valine in human plasma by matching both retention time, MS1, and MS/MS without reference standards. In summary, our GP library can serve as an online resource to quickly screen possible GPs in an untargeted metabolomics workflow, furthermore with the model system as a practical synthesis method to confirm their identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfei Yan
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
| | - Daniel Hemmler
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
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2
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Eshghi A, Xie X, Hardie D, Chen MX, Izaguirre F, Newman R, Zhu Y, Kelly RT, Goodlett DR. Sample Preparation Methods for Targeted Single-Cell Proteomics. J Proteome Res 2023. [PMID: 37093777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
We compared three cell isolation and two proteomic sample preparation methods for single-cell and near-single-cell analysis. Whole blood was used to quantify hemoglobin (Hb) and glycated-Hb (gly-Hb) in erythrocytes using targeted mass spectrometry and stable isotope-labeled standard peptides. Each method differed in cell isolation and sample preparation as follows: 1) FACS and automated preparation in one-pot for trace samples (autoPOTS); 2) limited dilution via microscopy and a novel rapid one-pot sample preparation method that circumvented the need for the solid-phase extraction, low-volume liquid handling instrumentation and humidified incubation chamber; and 3) CellenONE-based cell isolation and the same one-pot sample preparation method used for limited dilution. Only the CellenONE device routinely isolated single-cells from which Hb was measured to be 540-660 amol per red blood cell (RBC), which was comparable to the calculated SI reference range for mean corpuscular hemoglobin (390-540 amol/RBC). FACSAria sorter and limited dilution could routinely isolate single-digit cell numbers, to reliably quantify CMV-Hb heterogeneity. Finally, we observed that repeated measures, using 5-25 RBCs obtained from N = 10 blood donors, could be used as an alternative and more efficient strategy than single RBC analysis to measure protein heterogeneity, which revealed multimodal distribution, unique for each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azad Eshghi
- University of Victoria - Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 5N3, Canada
| | - Xiaofeng Xie
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84604, United States
| | - Darryl Hardie
- University of Victoria - Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 5N3, Canada
| | - Michael X Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pathology, and Medical Genetics, Vancouver Island Health Authority, Vancouver, British Columbia V9A 2P8, Canada
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Fabiana Izaguirre
- Cellenion SASU, 60 Avenue Rockefeller, Bâtiment BioSerra2, Lyon, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes 69008, France
| | - Rachael Newman
- University of Victoria - Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 5N3, Canada
| | - Ying Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ryan T Kelly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84604, United States
| | - David R Goodlett
- University of Victoria - Genome BC Proteomics Centre, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 5N3, Canada
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Pomerania 80-309, Poland
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3
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Rescalli A, Varoni EM, Cellesi F, Cerveri P. Analytical Challenges in Diabetes Management: Towards Glycated Albumin Point-of-Care Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090687. [PMID: 36140073 PMCID: PMC9496022 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide-spread chronic metabolic disease that occurs when the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin levels or when the body fails to effectively use the secreted pancreatic insulin, eventually resulting in hyperglycemia. Systematic glycemic control is the only procedure at our disposal to prevent diabetes long-term complications such as cardiovascular disorders, kidney diseases, nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Glycated albumin (GA) has recently gained more and more attention as a control biomarker thanks to its shorter lifespan and wider reliability compared to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), currently the “gold standard” for diabetes screening and monitoring in clinics. Various techniques such as ion exchange, liquid or affinity-based chromatography and immunoassay can be employed to accurately measure GA levels in serum samples; nevertheless, due to the cost of the lab equipment and complexity of the procedures, these methods are not commonly available at clinical sites and are not suitable to home monitoring. The present review describes the most up-to-date advances in the field of glycemic control biomarkers, exploring in particular the GA with a special focus on the recent experimental analysis techniques, using enzymatic and affinity methods. Finally, analysis steps and fundamental reading technologies are integrated into a processing pipeline, paving the way for future point-of-care testing (POCT). In this view, we highlight how this setup might be employed outside a laboratory environment to reduce the time from measurement to clinical decision, and to provide diabetic patients with a brand-new set of tools for glycemic self-monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rescalli
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Elena Maria Varoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (E.M.V.)
| | - Francesco Cellesi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cerveri
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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4
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Comprehensive profiling and kinetic studies of glycated lysine residues in human serum albumin. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4861-4875. [PMID: 35538229 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lysine residues of proteins slowly react with glucose forming Amadori products. In hyperglycemic conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, this non-enzymatic glycation becomes more pervasive causing severe medical complications. The structure and conformation of a protein predisposes lysine sites to differing reactivity influenced by their steric availability and amino acid microenvironment. The goal of our study was to identify these sites in albumin and measure glycation affinities of lysine residues. We applied a bottom-up approach utilizing a combination of three LC-MS instruments: timsTOF, Orbitrap, and QTRAP. To prove applicability to samples of varying glycemic status, we compared in vitro glycated and non-glycated HSA, as well as diabetic and non-diabetic individual samples. The analysis of lysine glycation affinities based on peptide intensities provide a semi-quantitative approach, as the results depend on the mass spectrometry platform used. We found that glycation levels based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) quantitation better reflect individual glycemic status and that the glycation percentage for each site is in linear relation to all other sites. To develop an approach which more accurately reflects glycation affinity, we developed a kinetics model which uses results from stable isotope dilution HPLC-MRM methodology. Through glycation of albumin at different glucose concentrations, we determine the rate constants of glycation for every lysine residue by simultaneous comparative analysis.
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Resistance to glycation in the zebra finch: Mass spectrometry-based analysis and its perspectives for evolutionary studies of aging. Exp Gerontol 2022; 164:111811. [PMID: 35472570 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In humans, hyperglycemia is associated with protein glycation, which may contribute to aging. Strikingly, birds usually outlive mammals of the same body mass, while exhibiting high plasma glucose levels. However, how birds succeed in escaping pro-aging effects of glycation remains unknown. Using a specific mass spectrometry-based approach in captive zebra finches of known age, we recorded high glycaemia values but no glycated hemoglobin form was found. Still, we showed that zebra finch hemoglobin can be glycated in vitro, albeit only to a limited extent compared to its human homologue. This may be due to peculiar structural features, as supported by the unusual presence of three different tetramer populations with balanced proportions and a still bound cofactor that could be inositol pentaphosphate. High levels of the glycated forms of zebra finch plasma serotransferrin, carbonic anhydrase 2, and albumin were measured. Glucose, age or body mass correlations with either plasma glycated proteins or hemoglobin isoforms suggest that those variables may be future molecular tools of choice to monitor glycation and its link with individual fitness. Our molecular advance may help determine how evolution succeeded in associating flying ability, high blood glucose and long lifespan in birds.
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Chan JCN, Lim LL, Wareham NJ, Shaw JE, Orchard TJ, Zhang P, Lau ESH, Eliasson B, Kong APS, Ezzati M, Aguilar-Salinas CA, McGill M, Levitt NS, Ning G, So WY, Adams J, Bracco P, Forouhi NG, Gregory GA, Guo J, Hua X, Klatman EL, Magliano DJ, Ng BP, Ogilvie D, Panter J, Pavkov M, Shao H, Unwin N, White M, Wou C, Ma RCW, Schmidt MI, Ramachandran A, Seino Y, Bennett PH, Oldenburg B, Gagliardino JJ, Luk AOY, Clarke PM, Ogle GD, Davies MJ, Holman RR, Gregg EW. The Lancet Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives. Lancet 2021; 396:2019-2082. [PMID: 33189186 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C N Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Asia Diabetes Foundation, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Lee-Ling Lim
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Asia Diabetes Foundation, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan E Shaw
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Trevor J Orchard
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, KS, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Division of Diabetes Translation, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric S H Lau
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Asia Diabetes Foundation, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Björn Eliasson
- Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alice P S Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Majid Ezzati
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; Medical Research Council Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK; WHO Collaborating Centre on NCD Surveillance and Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Departamento de Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margaret McGill
- Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Naomi S Levitt
- Chronic Disease Initiative for Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Guang Ning
- Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Disease, Department of Endocrinology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Wing-Yee So
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jean Adams
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paula Bracco
- School of Medicine and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gabriel A Gregory
- Life for a Child Program, Diabetes NSW and ACT, Glebe, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jingchuan Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, KS, USA
| | - Xinyang Hua
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Emma L Klatman
- Life for a Child Program, Diabetes NSW and ACT, Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Boon-Peng Ng
- Division of Diabetes Translation, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; College of Nursing and Disability, Aging and Technology Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - David Ogilvie
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jenna Panter
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Meda Pavkov
- Division of Diabetes Translation, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hui Shao
- Division of Diabetes Translation, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nigel Unwin
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin White
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Constance Wou
- Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ronald C W Ma
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Maria I Schmidt
- School of Medicine and Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ambady Ramachandran
- India Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr A Ramachandran's Diabetes Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Yutaka Seino
- Center for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kansai Electric Power Hospital, Osaka, Japan; Yutaka Seino Distinguished Center for Diabetes Research, Kansai Electric Power Medical Research Institute, Kobe, Japan
| | - Peter H Bennett
- Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; WHO Collaborating Centre on Implementation Research for Prevention and Control of NCDs, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Juan José Gagliardino
- Centro de Endocrinología Experimental y Aplicada, UNLP-CONICET-CICPBA, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrea O Y Luk
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Asia Diabetes Foundation, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Philip M Clarke
- Health Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Graham D Ogle
- Life for a Child Program, Diabetes NSW and ACT, Glebe, NSW, Australia; National Health and Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rury R Holman
- Diabetes Trials Unit, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Edward W Gregg
- Division of Diabetes Translation, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Śmiga M, Smalley JW, Ślęzak P, Brown JL, Siemińska K, Jenkins RE, Yates EA, Olczak T. Glycation of Host Proteins Increases Pathogenic Potential of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112084. [PMID: 34769513 PMCID: PMC8585099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-enzymatic addition of glucose (glycation) to circulatory and tissue proteins is a ubiquitous pathophysiological consequence of hyperglycemia in diabetes. Given the high incidence of periodontitis and diabetes and the emerging link between these conditions, it is of crucial importance to define the basic virulence mechanisms employed by periodontopathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis in mediating the disease process. The aim of this study was to determine whether glycated proteins are more easily utilized by P. gingivalis to stimulate growth and promote the pathogenic potential of this bacterium. We analyzed the properties of three commonly encountered proteins in the periodontal environment that are known to become glycated and that may serve as either protein substrates or easily accessible heme sources. In vitro glycated proteins were characterized using colorimetric assays, mass spectrometry, far- and near-UV circular dichroism and UV–visible spectroscopic analyses and SDS-PAGE. The interaction of glycated hemoglobin, serum albumin and type one collagen with P. gingivalis cells or HmuY protein was examined using spectroscopic methods, SDS-PAGE and co-culturing P. gingivalis with human keratinocytes. We found that glycation increases the ability of P. gingivalis to acquire heme from hemoglobin, mostly due to heme sequestration by the HmuY hemophore-like protein. We also found an increase in biofilm formation on glycated collagen-coated abiotic surfaces. We conclude that glycation might promote the virulence of P. gingivalis by making heme more available from hemoglobin and facilitating bacterial biofilm formation, thus increasing P. gingivalis pathogenic potential in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Śmiga
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 14A F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (P.Ś.); (K.S.)
| | - John W. Smalley
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Liverpool, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5PS, UK; (J.W.S.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Paulina Ślęzak
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 14A F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (P.Ś.); (K.S.)
| | - Jason L. Brown
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Liverpool, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5PS, UK; (J.W.S.); (J.L.B.)
| | - Klaudia Siemińska
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 14A F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (P.Ś.); (K.S.)
| | - Rosalind E. Jenkins
- CDSS Bioanalytical Facility, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Science, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK;
| | - Edwin A. Yates
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Science, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK;
| | - Teresa Olczak
- Laboratory of Medical Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, 14A F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland; (M.Ś.); (P.Ś.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Ishtikhar M, Siddiqui Z, Ahmad A, Ashraf JM, Arshad M, Doctor N, Al-Kheraif AA, Zamzami MA, Al-Thawadi SM, Kim J, Khan RH. Phytochemical thymoquinone prevents hemoglobin glycoxidation and protofibrils formation: A biophysical aspect. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:508-519. [PMID: 34481855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
d-ribose, a reducing sugar, in diabetic hyperglycemia provokes non-enzymatic glycoxidation of hemoglobin (Hb), an abundant protein of red blood cells (RBCs). Different types of intermediates adduct formation occur during glycoxidation, such as advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) which lead to amyloid formation due to structural and conformational alterations in protein. Therefore, the study of these intermediate adducts plays a pivotal role to discern their relationship with diabetes mellitus and related disorders. Here, we investigated the interaction mechanism of d-ribose with Hb, and Hb prebound phytochemical thymoquinone (TQ). Our investigation reveals that the interaction of TQ with histidine residues of Hb interferes with the interaction of d-ribose with glycine residues at the glycation-site. Based on that, we had performed a time-based (21-days) in-vitro glycoxidation study at 37 °C to investigate the structural perturbation mechanism of Hb at different time-intervals in absence/presence of TQ. We found that prolonged glycoxidation induces amyloid formation in absence of TQ but in its presence, the process was prohibited. In summary, this study examined and characterized biophysically different intermediate-states of protein carrying glycoxidation-modification. Our findings suggested that TQ potentially affects interaction of d-ribose with Hb that prevents glycoxidation and protofibril formation, which establishes TQ as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Ishtikhar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
| | - Zeba Siddiqui
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Abrar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jalaluddin Mohammad Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Arshad
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ninad Doctor
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, NC 27834-4354, USA
| | - Abdulaziz A Al-Kheraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P. O. Box: 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazin A Zamzami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Jihoe Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Reasech Institute of Cell Culture, YeungNam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Rizwan Hassan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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Heo CE, Kim M, Son MK, Hyun DG, Heo SW, Kim HI. Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Oxygen Affinity-Associated Structural Changes in Hemoglobin. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2528-2535. [PMID: 34463503 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a major oxygen-transporting protein with allosteric properties reflected in the structural changes that accompany binding of O2. Glycated hemoglobin (GHb), which is a minor component of human red cell hemolysate, is generated by a nonenzymatic reaction between glucose and hemoglobin. Due to the long lifetime of human erythrocytes (∼120 days), GHb is widely used as a reliable biomarker for monitoring long-term glucose control in diabetic patients. Although the structure of GHb differs from that of Hb, structural changes relating to the oxygen affinity of these proteins remain incompletely understood. In this study, the oxygen-binding kinetics of Hb and GHb are evaluated, and their structural dynamics are investigated using solution small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry equipped with ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IM-MS), and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations to understand the impact of structural alteration on their oxygen-binding properties. Our results show that the oxygen-binding kinetics of GHb are diminished relative to those of Hb. ESI-IM-MS reveals structural differences between Hb and GHb, which indicate the preference of GHb for a more compact structure in the gas phase relative to Hb. MD simulations also reveal an enhancement of intramolecular interactions upon glycation of Hb. Therefore, the more rigid structure of GHb makes the conformational changes that facilitate oxygen capture more difficult creating a delay in the oxygen-binding process. Our multiple biophysical approaches provide a better understanding of the allosteric properties of hemoglobin that are reflected in the structural alterations accompanying oxygen binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Eun Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Kook Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Gyeong Hyun
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Heo
- Inorganic Metrology Group, Division of Chemical and Biological Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hugh I Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Center for Proteogenome Research, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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10
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Liu JJ, You Y, Gao SQ, Tang S, Chen L, Wen GB, Lin YW. Identification of the Protein Glycation Sites in Human Myoglobin as Rapidly Induced by d-Ribose. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195829. [PMID: 34641382 PMCID: PMC8512392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation is an important protein post-translational modification and is one of the main pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. Other than glycated hemoglobin, the protein glycation of other globins such as myoglobin (Mb) is less studied. The protein glycation of human Mb with ribose has not been reported, and the glycation sites in the Mb remain unknown. This article reports that d-ribose undergoes rapid protein glycation of human myoglobin (HMb) at lysine residues (K34, K87, K56, and K147) on the protein surface, as identified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Moreover, glycation by d-ribose at these sites slightly decreased the rate of the met heme (FeIII) in reaction with H2O2 to form a ferryl heme (FeIV=O). This study provides valuable insight into the protein glycation by d-ribose and provides a foundation for studying the structure and function of glycated heme proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.-J.L.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Yong You
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (Y.Y.); (S.-Q.G.); (G.-B.W.)
| | - Shu-Qin Gao
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (Y.Y.); (S.-Q.G.); (G.-B.W.)
| | - Shuai Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.-J.L.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.-J.L.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
| | - Ge-Bo Wen
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (Y.Y.); (S.-Q.G.); (G.-B.W.)
| | - Ying-Wu Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (J.-J.L.); (S.T.); (L.C.)
- Laboratory of Protein Structure and Function, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China; (Y.Y.); (S.-Q.G.); (G.-B.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-734-8282375
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11
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Tabang DN, Ford M, Li L. Recent Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Glycomic and Glycoproteomic Studies of Pancreatic Diseases. Front Chem 2021; 9:707387. [PMID: 34368082 PMCID: PMC8342852 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.707387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modification of proteins by glycans plays a crucial role in mediating biological functions in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as the most powerful tool for glycomic and glycoproteomic analyses advancing knowledge of many diseases. Such diseases include those of the pancreas which affect millions of people each year. In this review, recent advances in pancreatic disease research facilitated by MS-based glycomic and glycoproteomic studies will be examined with a focus on diabetes and pancreatic cancer. The last decade, and especially the last five years, has witnessed developments in both discovering new glycan or glycoprotein biomarkers and analyzing the links between glycans and disease pathology through MS-based studies. The strength of MS lies in the specificity and sensitivity of liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization MS for measuring a wide range of biomolecules from limited sample amounts from many sample types, greatly enhancing and accelerating the biomarker discovery process. Furthermore, imaging MS of glycans enabled by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization has proven useful in complementing histology and immunohistochemistry to monitor pancreatic disease progression. Advances in biological understanding and analytical techniques, as well as challenges and future directions for the field, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Nicholas Tabang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Megan Ford
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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12
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Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ. Protein glycation - biomarkers of metabolic dysfunction and early-stage decline in health in the era of precision medicine. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101920. [PMID: 33707127 PMCID: PMC8113047 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation provides a biomarker in widespread clinical use, glycated hemoglobin HbA1c (A1C). It is a biomarker for diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes and of medium-term glycemic control in patients with established diabetes. A1C is an early-stage glycation adduct of hemoglobin with glucose; a fructosamine derivative. Glucose is an amino group-directed glycating agent, modifying N-terminal and lysine sidechain amino groups. A similar fructosamine derivative of serum albumin, glycated albumin (GA), finds use as a biomarker of glycemic control, particularly where there is interference in use of A1C. Later stage adducts, advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), are formed by the degradation of fructosamines and by the reaction of reactive dicarbonyl metabolites, such as methylglyoxal. Dicarbonyls are arginine-directed glycating agents forming mainly hydroimidazolone AGEs. Glucosepane and pentosidine, an intense fluorophore, are AGE covalent crosslinks. Cellular proteolysis of glycated proteins forms glycated amino acids, which are released into plasma and excreted in urine. Development of diagnostic algorithms by artificial intelligence machine learning is enhancing the applications of glycation biomarkers. Investigational glycation biomarkers are in development for: (i) healthy aging; (ii) risk prediction of vascular complications of diabetes; (iii) diagnosis of autism; and (iv) diagnosis and classification of early-stage arthritis. Protein glycation biomarkers are influenced by heritability, aging, decline in metabolic, vascular, renal and skeletal health, and other factors. They are applicable to populations of differing ethnicities, bridging the gap between genotype and phenotype. They are thereby likely to find continued and expanding clinical use, including in the current era of developing precision medicine, reporting on multiple pathogenic processes and supporting a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Rabbani
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Paul J Thornalley
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 34110, Doha, Qatar.
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13
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Turpin C, Catan A, Meilhac O, Bourdon E, Canonne-Hergaux F, Rondeau P. Erythrocytes: Central Actors in Multiple Scenes of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115843. [PMID: 34072544 PMCID: PMC8198892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of atherosclerosis (ATH) involves lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and both vascular and blood cell dysfunction. Erythrocytes, the main circulating cells in the body, exert determinant roles in the gas transport between tissues. Erythrocytes have long been considered as simple bystanders in cardiovascular diseases, including ATH. This review highlights recent knowledge concerning the role of erythrocytes being more than just passive gas carriers, as potent contributors to atherosclerotic plaque progression. Erythrocyte physiology and ATH pathology is first described. Then, a specific chapter delineates the numerous links between erythrocytes and atherogenesis. In particular, we discuss the impact of extravasated erythrocytes in plaque iron homeostasis with potential pathological consequences. Hyperglycaemia is recognised as a significant aggravating contributor to the development of ATH. Then, a special focus is made on glycoxidative modifications of erythrocytes and their role in ATH. This chapter includes recent data proposing glycoxidised erythrocytes as putative contributors to enhanced atherothrombosis in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Turpin
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Aurélie Catan
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
| | - Olivier Meilhac
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France
| | - Emmanuel Bourdon
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
| | | | - Philippe Rondeau
- Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), INSERM, UMR 1188, Université de La Réunion, 97400 Saint Denis, France; (C.T.); (A.C.); (O.M.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +262(0)-2-62-93-88-43; Fax: +262-(0)-2-62-93-88-01
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14
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Li W, Lin L, Yan D, Jin Y, Xu Y, Li Y, Ma M, Wu Z. Application of a Pseudotargeted MS Method for the Quantification of Glycated Hemoglobin for the Improved Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3237-3245. [PMID: 31961136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Li
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Sustech Core Research Facilities, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dewen Yan
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yinghong Li
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Min Ma
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhengzhi Wu
- Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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15
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LI WF, YAN DW, JIN Y, LI HY, MA M, WU ZZ. Application of Mass Spectrometry in Analysis of Non-Enzymatic Glycation Proteins in Diabetic Blood. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(19)61197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Soboleva A, Schmidt R, Vikhnina M, Grishina T, Frolov A. Maillard Proteomics: Opening New Pages. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2677. [PMID: 29231845 PMCID: PMC5751279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation is a ubiquitous non-enzymatic post-translational modification, formed by reaction of protein amino and guanidino groups with carbonyl compounds, presumably reducing sugars and α-dicarbonyls. Resulting advanced glycation end products (AGEs) represent a highly heterogeneous group of compounds, deleterious in mammals due to their pro-inflammatory effect, and impact in pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and ageing. The body of information on the mechanisms and pathways of AGE formation, acquired during the last decades, clearly indicates a certain site-specificity of glycation. It makes characterization of individual glycation sites a critical pre-requisite for understanding in vivo mechanisms of AGE formation and developing adequate nutritional and therapeutic approaches to reduce it in humans. In this context, proteomics is the methodology of choice to address site-specific molecular changes related to protein glycation. Therefore, here we summarize the methods of Maillard proteomics, specifically focusing on the techniques providing comprehensive structural and quantitative characterization of glycated proteome. Further, we address the novel break-through areas, recently established in the field of Maillard research, i.e., in vitro models based on synthetic peptides, site-based diagnostics of metabolism-related diseases (e.g., diabetes mellitus), proteomics of anti-glycative defense, and dynamics of plant glycated proteome during ageing and response to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Soboleva
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Rico Schmidt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany.
| | - Maria Vikhnina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Tatiana Grishina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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17
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Rabbani N, Ashour A, Thornalley PJ. Mass spectrometric determination of early and advanced glycation in biology. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:553-68. [PMID: 27438287 PMCID: PMC4975772 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycation in biological systems occurs predominantly on lysine, arginine and N-terminal residues of proteins. Major quantitative glycation adducts are found at mean extents of modification of 1-5 mol percent of proteins. These are glucose-derived fructosamine on lysine and N-terminal residues of proteins, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone on arginine residues and N(ε)-carboxymethyl-lysine residues mainly formed by the oxidative degradation of fructosamine. Total glycation adducts of different types are quantified by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Metabolism of glycated proteins is followed by LC-MS/MS of glycation free adducts as minor components of the amino acid metabolome. Glycated proteins and sites of modification within them - amino acid residues modified by the glycating agent moiety - are identified and quantified by label-free and stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) high resolution mass spectrometry. Sites of glycation by glucose and methylglyoxal in selected proteins are listed. Key issues in applying proteomics techniques to analysis of glycated proteins are: (i) avoiding compromise of analysis by formation, loss and relocation of glycation adducts in pre-analytic processing; (ii) specificity of immunoaffinity enrichment procedures, (iii) maximizing protein sequence coverage in mass spectrometric analysis for detection of glycation sites, and (iv) development of bioinformatics tools for prediction of protein glycation sites. Protein glycation studies have important applications in biology, ageing and translational medicine - particularly on studies of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, renal failure, neurological disorders and cancer. Mass spectrometric analysis of glycated proteins has yet to find widespread use clinically. Future use in health screening, disease diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring, and drug and functional food development is expected. A protocol for high resolution mass spectrometry proteomics of glycated proteins is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Rabbani
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Amal Ashour
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University Hospital, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Paul J Thornalley
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University Hospital, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
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Kabytaev K, Connolly S, Rohlfing CL, Sacks DB, Stoyanov AV, Little RR. Higher degree of glycation of hemoglobin S compared to hemoglobin A measured by mass spectrometry: Potential impact on HbA1c testing. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 458:40-3. [PMID: 27112303 PMCID: PMC5068909 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycated hemoglobin (GHb), reported as HbA1c, is used as marker of long-term glycemia for diabetic patients. HbA1c results from boronate affinity methods are generally considered to be unaffected by most hemoglobin variants; this assumes comparable glycation of variant and non-variant (HbAA) hemoglobins. In this report, glycation of HbA beta chain (βA) and HbS beta chain (βS) for the most common Hb variant trait (HbAS) are examined. METHODS We analyzed 41 blood samples from subjects with HbAS, both with and without diabetes. Using LC-MS, ratios of glycated HbS to glycated HbA were determined by comparison of areas under the curves from extracted ion chromatograms. RESULTS Glycation of βS chains was significantly higher (p<0.001) than βA chains; this difference was consistent across subjects. Total (α+β) glycated HbAS was theoretically estimated to be ~5% higher than glycated HbAA. CONCLUSION This novel mass-spectrometric approach described allows for relative quantification of glycated forms of βS and βA. Although βS glycation was significantly higher than that of βA, the difference in total glycation of HbAS versus HbAA was smaller and unlikely to impact clinical interpretation of boronate affinity HbA1c results. These data support the continued use of boronate affinity to measure HbA1c in patients with HbAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuanysh Kabytaev
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Shawn Connolly
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Curt L Rohlfing
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - David B Sacks
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Alexander V Stoyanov
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
| | - Randie R Little
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.
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Redman EA, Ramos-Payan M, Mellors JS, Ramsey JM. Analysis of Hemoglobin Glycation Using Microfluidic CE-MS: A Rapid, Mass Spectrometry Compatible Method for Assessing Diabetes Management. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5324-30. [PMID: 27100069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes has become a significant health problem worldwide with the rate of diagnosis increasing rapidly in recent years. Measurement of glycated blood proteins, particularly glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), is an important diagnostic tool used to detect and manage the condition in patients. Described here is a method using microfluidic capillary electrophoresis with mass spectrometry detection (CE-MS) to assess hemoglobin glycation in whole blood lysate. Using denaturing conditions, the hemoglobin (Hb) tetramer dissociates into the alpha and beta subunits (α- and β-Hb), which are then separated via CE directly coupled to MS detection. Nearly baseline resolution is achieved between α-Hb, β-Hb, and glycated β-Hb. A second glycated β-Hb isomer that is partially resolved from β-Hb is detected in extracted ion electropherograms for glycated β-Hb. Glycation on α-Hb is also detected in the α-Hb mass spectrum. Additional modifications to the β-Hb are detected, including acetylation and a +57 Da species that could be the addition of a glyoxal moiety. Patient blood samples were analyzed using the microfluidic CE-MS method and a clinically used immunoassay to measure HbA1c. The percentage of glycated α-Hb and β-Hb was calculated from the microfluidic CE-MS data using peak areas generated from extracted ion electropherograms. The values for glycated β-Hb were found to correlate well with the HbA1c levels derived in the clinic, giving a slope of 1.20 and an R(2) value of 0.99 on a correlation plot. Glycation of human serum albumin (HSA) can also be measured using this technique. It was observed that patients with elevated glycated Hb levels also had higher levels of HSA glycation. Interestingly, the sample with the highest HbA1c levels did not have the highest levels of glycated HSA. Because the lifetime of HSA is shorter than Hb, this could indicate a recent lapse in glycemic control for that patient. The ability to assess both Hb and HSA glycation has the potential to provide a more complete picture of a patient's glycemic control in the months leading up to blood collection. The results presented here demonstrate that the microfluidic CE-MS method is capable of rapidly assessing Hb and HSA glycation from low volumes of whole blood with minimal sample preparation and has the potential to provide more information in a single analysis step than current technologies.
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20
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Jagadeeshaprasad MG, Batkulwar KB, Meshram NN, Tiwari S, Korwar AM, Unnikrishnan AG, Kulkarni MJ. Targeted quantification of N-1-(carboxymethyl) valine and N-1-(carboxyethyl) valine peptides of β-hemoglobin for better diagnostics in diabetes. Clin Proteomics 2016; 13:7. [PMID: 27030792 PMCID: PMC4812615 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-016-9108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background N-1-(Deoxyfructosyl) valine (DFV) β-hemoglobin (β-Hb), commonly referred as HbA1c, is widely used diagnostic marker in diabetes, believed to provide glycemic status of preceding 90–120 days. However, the turnover of hemoglobin is about 120 days, the DFV-β-Hb, an early and reversible glycation product eventually may undergo irreversible advanced glycation modifications such as carboxymethylation or carboxyethylation. Hence quantification of N-1-(carboxymethyl) valine (CMV) and N-1-(carboxyethyl) valine (CEV) peptides of β-Hb would be useful in assessing actual glycemic status. Results Fragment ion library for synthetically glycated peptides of hemoglobin was generated by using high resolution–accurate mass spectrometry (HR/AM). Using parallel reaction monitoring, deoxyfructosylated, carboxymethylated and carboxyethylated peptides of hemoglobin were quantified in clinical samples from healthy control, pre-diabetes, diabetes and poorly controlled diabetes. For the first time, we report N-1-β-valine undergoes carboxyethylation and mass spectrometric quantification of CMV and CEV peptides of β-hemoglobin. Carboxymethylation was found to be the most abundant modification of N-1-β-valine. Both CMV-β-Hb and CEV-β-Hb peptides showed better correlation with severity of diabetes in terms of fasting glucose, postprandial glucose and microalbuminuria. Conclusions This study reports carboxymethylation as a predominant modification of N-1-β-valine of Hb, and quantification of CMV-β-Hb and CEV-β-Hb could be useful parameter for assessing the severity of diabetes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-016-9108-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashanipalya G Jagadeeshaprasad
- Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 India ; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Kedar B Batkulwar
- Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 India ; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Nishita N Meshram
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Chellaram Diabetes Institute, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Shalbha Tiwari
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Chellaram Diabetes Institute, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Arvind M Korwar
- Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 India
| | - Ambika G Unnikrishnan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Chellaram Diabetes Institute, Pune, Maharashtra India
| | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008 India ; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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Hattan SJ, Parker KC, Vestal ML, Yang JY, Herold DA, Duncan MW. Analysis and Quantitation of Glycated Hemoglobin by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:532-541. [PMID: 26733405 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of glycated hemoglobin is widely used for the diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of patient samples is used to demonstrate a method for quantitation of total glycation on the β-subunit of hemoglobin. The approach is accurate and calibrated with commercially available reference materials. Measurements were linear (R(2) > 0.99) across the clinically relevant range of 4% to 20% glycation with coefficients of variation of ≤ 2.5%. Additional and independent measurements of glycation of the α-subunit of hemoglobin are used to validate β-subunit glycation measurements and distinguish hemoglobin variants. Results obtained by MALDI-TOF MS were compared with those obtained in a clinical laboratory using validated HPLC methodology. MALDI-TOF MS sample preparation was minimal and analysis times were rapid making the method an attractive alternative to methodologies currently in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jane Y Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0612, USA
| | - David A Herold
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0612, USA
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, PALMS, MS 113, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
| | - Mark W Duncan
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, MS 8106, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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