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Waghorn J, Liu H, Wu Y, Rayner SE, Kimmerly DS, O'Brien MW. A Single Bout of Prolonged Sitting Augments Very Short-Term Blood Pressure Variability. Am J Hypertens 2024:hpae055. [PMID: 38703068 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpae055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More habitual time spent engaging in prolonged sedentary behaviours increases the risk of developing hypertension. Beat-by-beat systolic (SBPV) and diastolic blood pressure variability (DBPV) are more pronounced in persons with hypertension and may be an early manifestation of blood pressure dysregulation. We tested the hypothesis that a single bout of prolonged sitting augments very short-term SBPV and DBPV. The secondary aim was to explore sex differences in prolonged sitting-induced increases in SBPV and DBPV. METHODS Thirty-three adults (22.9±1.9 years; 17 females) completed a single, 3-hr bout of prolonged sitting with beat-by-beat arterial pressure determined at baseline, 1.5-hr, and 3-hr via finger photoplethysmography. RESULTS There were no sex differences observed for baseline brachial SBP (males: 122±10 mmHg; females: 111±9 mmHg), SBPV (males: 1.87±0.63 mmHg; females: 1.51±0.38 mmHg), DBP (males: 68±6 mmHg; females: 66±8 mmHg), or DBPV (males: 1.40±0.41 mmHg; females: 1.27±0.32 mmHg) (all, p>0.41). In the pooled sample, baseline SBPV (1.68±0.54 mmHg) remained unchanged after 1.5-hr (1.80±0.60 mmHg; p=0.59), but increased after 3.0-hr (1.84±0.52 mmHg; p=0.01). This post-sitting increase was driven by males (p=0.009), with no difference observed in females (p=1.00). Similarly, baseline DBPV (1.33±0.36 mmHg) was similar after 1.5-hr (1.42±0.41 mmHg; p=0.72) but was increased at 3-hr (1.50±0.34 mmHg; p=0.02). However, no sex differences in DBPV (all, p>0.07) were observed across the time points. CONCLUSIONS In young, normotensive adults, a single bout of prolonged sitting augmented beat-by-beat blood pressure variability, which may provide a link between uninterrupted sitting and the development of blood pressure dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Waghorn
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Haoxuan Liu
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Sophie E Rayner
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Derek S Kimmerly
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Myles W O'Brien
- School of Physiotherapy (Faculty of Health) and Division of Geriatric Medicine (Faculty of Medicine), Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Geriatric Medicine Research, Dalhousie University & Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Formation Médicale Du Nouveau-Brunswick, Université de Sherbrooke, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
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2
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Athaide CE, Robertson AD, Devries MC, Au JS. Seated Elliptical Exercise, But Not Periodic Standing, Alleviates Sitting-Induced Changes to Arterial Wave Reflections. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:953-962. [PMID: 38181209 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sedentary behavior may contribute to increased central wave reflection due to associated peripheral vasoconstriction, yet its impact on central hemodynamics and the mitigating effects of interventional strategies have not been thoroughly investigated. We tested whether standing or seated elliptical breaks alleviate the deleterious effects of prolonged sitting on central wave reflections. METHODS Eighteen healthy adults (9 9 females, 25 ± 3 yr) completed three 3-h protocols on separate days: uninterrupted sitting, sitting with periodic standing, and sitting with periodic seated elliptical activity. Central wave reflection, central pulse wave velocity, and lower-limb pulse wave velocity were measured before and after each intervention. RESULTS Central relative wave reflection magnitude (RM) increased during sitting (0.31 ± 0.05 to 0.35 ± 0.05; P < 0.01) but did not change after standing (0.30 ± 0.05 to 0.32 ± 0.04; P = 0.19) or elliptical protocols (0.30 ± 0.05 to 0.30 ± 0.04; P > 0.99). The change in RM during prolonged sitting (ΔRM) was attenuated with elliptical activity (0.04 ± 0.05 vs 0.00 ± 0.03; P = 0.02) but not with periodic standing (0.04 ± 0.04 vs 0.02 ± 0.05; P = 0.54). In addition, augmentation index and central pulse wave velocity increased after sitting (both P < 0.01) and periodic standing (both P < 0.01) but were unchanged after elliptical activity. Lower limb pulse wave velocity did not change after sitting ( P = 0.73) or standing ( P = 0.21) but did decrease after elliptical activity ( P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Prolonged sitting without interruptions increased central wave reflection, whereas elliptical but not standing interruptions were able to ameliorate multiple sitting-induced vascular consequences. More work is required to examine the long-term effectiveness of interruption strategies, as well as the optimal type, frequency, and duration for reducing vascular risk associated with sedentary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Athaide
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, CANADA
| | | | - Michaela C Devries
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, CANADA
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, CANADA
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Zablocki RW, Hartman SJ, Di C, Zou J, Carlson JA, Hibbing PR, Rosenberg DE, Greenwood-Hickman MA, Dillon L, LaCroix AZ, Natarajan L. Using functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to quantify sitting patterns derived from wearable sensors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:48. [PMID: 38671485 PMCID: PMC11055353 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior (SB) is a recognized risk factor for many chronic diseases. ActiGraph and activPAL are two commonly used wearable accelerometers in SB research. The former measures body movement and the latter measures body posture. The goal of the current study is to quantify the pattern and variation of movement (by ActiGraph activity counts) during activPAL-identified sitting events, and examine associations between patterns and health-related outcomes, such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). METHODS The current study included 314 overweight postmenopausal women, who were instructed to wear an activPAL (at thigh) and ActiGraph (at waist) simultaneously for 24 hours a day for a week under free-living conditions. ActiGraph and activPAL data were processed to obtain minute-level time-series outputs. Multilevel functional principal component analysis (MFPCA) was applied to minute-level ActiGraph activity counts within activPAL-identified sitting bouts to investigate variation in movement while sitting across subjects and days. The multilevel approach accounted for the nesting of days within subjects. RESULTS At least 90% of the overall variation of activity counts was explained by two subject-level principal components (PC) and six day-level PCs, hence dramatically reducing the dimensions from the original minute-level scale. The first subject-level PC captured patterns of fluctuation in movement during sitting, whereas the second subject-level PC delineated variation in movement during different lengths of sitting bouts: shorter (< 30 minutes), medium (30 -39 minutes) or longer (> 39 minute). The first subject-level PC scores showed positive association with DBP (standardized β ^ : 2.041, standard error: 0.607, adjusted p = 0.007), which implied that lower activity counts (during sitting) were associated with higher DBP. CONCLUSION In this work we implemented MFPCA to identify variation in movement patterns during sitting bouts, and showed that these patterns were associated with cardiovascular health. Unlike existing methods, MFPCA does not require pre-specified cut-points to define activity intensity, and thus offers a novel powerful statistical tool to elucidate variation in SB patterns and health. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03473145; Registered 22 March 2018; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03473145 ; International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/28684.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong W Zablocki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Sheri J Hartman
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Chongzhi Di
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, 98109, Washington, USA
| | - Jingjing Zou
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Jordan A Carlson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd St., Kansas City, 64108, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul R Hibbing
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Dori E Rosenberg
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1600, Seattle, 98101, Washington, USA
| | | | - Lindsay Dillon
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA.
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Norha J, Sjöros T, Garthwaite T, Laine S, Saarenhovi M, Kallio P, Laitinen K, Houttu N, Vähä-Ypyä H, Sievänen H, Löyttyniemi E, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Kalliokoski KK, Heinonen IHA. Effects of reduced sedentary time on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure in inactive adults with metabolic syndrome - a six-month exploratory RCT. J Hum Hypertens 2024; 38:314-321. [PMID: 38267651 PMCID: PMC11001575 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-024-00894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on the long-term effects of reducing sedentary behaviour (SB) on blood pressure (BP) is scarce. Therefore, we performed a sub-analysis of the BP effects of a six-month intervention that aimed at reducing SB by 1 h/day and replacing it with non-exercise activities. Sixty-four physically inactive and sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome (58% female, 58 [SD 7] years, BP 143/88 [16/9] mmHg, SB 10 [1] h/day) were randomised into intervention (INT, n = 33) and control (CON, n = 31) groups. Resting BP and BP at each stage during and after a graded maximal bicycle ergometer test were measured before and after the intervention. SB, standing, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and light physical activity (LPA) were measured in six-second intervals at baseline and during the whole six-month intervention using hip-worn accelerometers. The analyses were adjusted for BP medication status. The intervention resulted in a 40 min/day reduction in SB and concomitant 20 min/day increase in MVPA. Resting systolic BP was lower in the CON group before and after the intervention. No group x time interactions were observed in resting BP or BP during exercise at submaximal or maximal intensities, or during recovery. The changes in LPA and MVPA were inversely correlated with the changes in BP during light-to-moderate intensity exercise. An intervention that resulted in a 40 min/day reduction in SB for six months was not sufficient at influencing BP at rest, during or after exercise in adults with metabolic syndrome. However, successfully increasing LPA or MVPA might lower BP during light-to-moderate-intensity activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jooa Norha
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
| | - Tanja Sjöros
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Taru Garthwaite
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Laine
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Saarenhovi
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Kallio
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre and Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari K Kalliokoski
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka H A Heinonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Gangachin SE, Bayrami R, Rahimi B, Masudi S. Smartphone-based educational and counseling interventions for women with high body mass index at Urmia's health centers. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:8. [PMID: 38166804 PMCID: PMC10763417 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02807-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Overweight and obesity in women of reproductive age not only contribute to chronic diseases but also lead to fertility issues, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and psychological challenges. Among the detrimental behaviors associated with obesity, the consumption of fast foods and sedentary lifestyles have the most significant impact on weight gain and require effective interventions. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an educational and counseling smartphone intervention in raising awareness and modifying behaviors related to sedentary behavior and fast food consumption in women with high body mass index. MATERIALS AND METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted with two parallel groups comprising 106 women of reproductive age who sought assistance at Urmia health centers in 2022. Participants with diverse social and economic backgrounds were included. They were randomly assigned to either a control group or an intervention group. Valid and reliable questionnaires were administered to assess awareness regarding sedentary behaviors and fast foods consumption, as well as engagement in sedentary behaviors and consumption of fast foods. In addition to standard care, the intervention group received educational and counseling sessions through a dedicated smartphone application. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 20 software at a significance level of P < 0.05. FINDINGS The results of a statistical t-test indicated a noteworthy disparity between the control and intervention groups concerning the average awareness scores related to fast foods consumption (P < 0.001) and sedentary behaviors (P < 0.001) before and 3 months after the intervention. Additionally, a substantial statistical difference was observed in the mean consumption of fast foods (P < 0.001) and hours of sedentary behaviors (P < 0.001) before and 3 months after the intervention when comparing the two groups. CONCLUSION Educational and counseling programs, when applied effectively, can serve the dual purpose of enhancing awareness concerning sedentary behaviors and fast foods consumption while concurrently fostering a reduction in the prevalence of these behaviors. The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT Id: IRCT20210722051953N1) at 04/08/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Ebrahimi Gangachin
- Graduate, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roghieh Bayrami
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Bahlol Rahimi
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sima Masudi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran
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Thrower A, Barone Gibbs B, Alansare A, Sherman S, Davis K. Blood pressure and heart rate variability responses following an acute bout of vinyasa yoga and a prolonged seated control: A randomized crossover trial. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294945. [PMID: 38015939 PMCID: PMC10684087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Vinyasa yoga is moderate-intensity physical activity, yet physiological responses are poorly characterized. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a vinyasa yoga session on autonomic/cardiovascular functioning in healthy adults. A randomized crossover design took place at the Physical Activity and Weight Management laboratory (Pittsburgh, PA; n = 18), and included two experimental conditions: 60 minutes of vinyasa yoga or a seated control, and measurements were taken at baseline, 5-minutes, and 65-minute post-conditions. The primary cardiovascular-related outcomes of this study included blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and HR variability (HRV) measures [natural log transformed (ln) standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), high frequency (HF), and low frequency to high frequency ratio (LF/HF ratio)]. Linear mixed effects models were used for data analyses. Systolic BP was 8.14 mmHg lower at 5 minutes post yoga (p<0.001) but was not different 65 minutes post, compared to the control. HR was higher at 5- and 65-minutes post yoga compared to the control (10.49/4.70 bpm, respectively, both p<0.01). HRV was lower (worse) at 5 and 65 minutes post for lnSDNN, lnRMSSD, and lnHF (all p<0.01). LF/HF ratio was higher (worse) at 5 minutes post yoga compared to the control (difference = +0.38, p = 0.025), but not different at 65 minutes post between conditions. Compared to prolonged sitting, vinyasa yoga had variable effects on post-session autonomic function including favorable BP responses and unfavorable HR and HRV responses, further investigation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Thrower
- Department of Pathophysiology, Rehabilitation, and Performance, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Abdullah Alansare
- Department of Exercise Physiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sally Sherman
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kelliann Davis
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Zhao D, Zhou J, Su D, Li Y, Sun W, Tan B, Li S, Zhang R, Song P. Combined associations of general obesity and central obesity with hypertension stages and phenotypes among children and adolescents in Zhejiang, China. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023; 25:983-992. [PMID: 37787088 PMCID: PMC10631097 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
General and central obesity are suggested to be associated with elevated blood pressure (BP), whereas few studies have investigated their combined associations with hypertension in children. This study aimed to assess the associations of combinations of general obesity and central obesity with hypertension in Chinese children, including its stages and phenotypes. A total of 5430 children aged 7-17 years in Zhejiang Province were enrolled. General obesity was evaluated by body mass index (BMI), while central obesity was by waist circumference (WC). Then all children were sorted into three mutually exclusive groups: normal weight with or with no central obesity (NW), abnormal weight with no central obesity (AWNCO), and abnormal weight with central obesity (AWCO). Hypertension was defined as either a systolic or diastolic BP ≥ 95th percentile, and further classified into stage 1 hypertension, stage 2 hypertension, isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and systolic diastolic hypertension (SDH). Logistic regression was used. AWNCO and AWCO were associated with stage 1 hypertension (AWNCO, odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.59-2.37; AWCO, 2.67, 2.20-3.25), stage 2 hypertension (AWNCO, 2.35, 1.33-4.13; AWCO, 4.53, 2.79-7.37), ISH (AWNCO, 2.50, 1.96-3.18; AWCO, 3.95, 3.15-4.95), and SDH (AWNCO, 2.48, 1.75-3.52; AWCO, 2.78, 1.94-3.99). Children with AWCO were more likely to have stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension, as well as ISH and SDH. The combined measurement of general and central obesity is suggested as an appropriate screening tool for hypertension among children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food SafetyZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jiali Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food SafetyZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouZhejiangChina
- School of Public HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Danting Su
- Department of Nutrition and Food SafetyZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yun Li
- Division of Chronic Non‐communicable Disease and Health EducationPinghu Municipal Center for Disease Control and PreventionPinghuZhejiangChina
| | - Weidi Sun
- School of Public HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Boren Tan
- School of Public HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shuting Li
- School of Public HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food SafetyZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public HealthZhejiang University School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina
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Memarian E, Kharraziha I, Hamrefors V, Platonov PG, Ekblom Ö, Gottsäter A, Engström G. Associations between physical activity and autonomic function during deep breathing test: the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS). Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:411-420. [PMID: 37344567 PMCID: PMC10439237 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The deep breathing test (DBT) is a sensitive test of cardiovagal function. The aim of this study was to explore associations between physical activity and sedentary time, measured by accelerometer, and autonomic function, using DBT. METHODS In the Swedish Cardio-Pulmonary bioImage Study, men and women aged 50-64 were randomly invited from the general population. A total of 4325 subjects who underwent DBT and assessment of physical activity and sedentary time by accelerometery were included. ECG files from 1-min DBT were used to calculate measures of respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA; expiration-inspiration (E-I) difference and E/I ratio], heart rate variability [HRV; root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), standard deviation of heart rates and mean circular resultant]. Low RSA and HRV was defined as the lowest 10% in the population. RESULTS For accelerometer-assessed physical activity, there were significant associations between high percentage of sedentary time and low E/I (p < 0.01), and low RMSSD (p < 0.01) in an age- and sex-adjusted model, and between percentage of sedentary time and low RMSSD (p = 0.04) in a risk factor-adjusted model. Low RMSSD was less common in those with a high percentage of moderate to vigorous physical activity (p = 0.04, after risk-factor adjustment). These associations became non-significant when further adjusting for heart rate. CONCLUSION We report associations between degree of physical activity and indices of autonomic dysfunction in a large population. The relationships were no longer significant after adjustments for heart rate, indicating that the relationship between physical activity and cardiovagal function partly is accounted for by reduced heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ensieh Memarian
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Internal Medicine Research Group, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 15, 5th Floor, S-20502, Malmo, Sweden.
| | - Isabella Kharraziha
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Internal Medicine Research Group, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 15, 5th Floor, S-20502, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Viktor Hamrefors
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Internal Medicine Research Group, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 15, 5th Floor, S-20502, Malmo, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Pyotr G Platonov
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Gottsäter
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Internal Medicine Research Group, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 15, 5th Floor, S-20502, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Internal Medicine Research Group, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 15, 5th Floor, S-20502, Malmo, Sweden
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9
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Alansare AB, Paley JL, Quinn TD, Gibbs BB. Paradoxical Associations of Occupational and Nonoccupational Sedentary Behavior With Cardiovascular Disease Risk Measures in Desk Workers. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e506-e513. [PMID: 37130827 PMCID: PMC10330357 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed sedentary behavior (SB) patterns and examined its associations, by domain, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk measures in desk workers ( N = 273). METHODS Sedentary behavior was measured by activPAL3 and partitioned into occupational and nonoccupational SB. Cardiovascular disease risk measures included blood pressure, pulse wave velocity, heart rate, and heart rate variability. Paired t tests evaluated patterns of SB across domains. Linear regressions estimated associations of occupational and nonoccupational SB with CVD risk measures. RESULTS Participants spent 69% of their time in SB; higher proportions were accumulated during occupational versus nonoccupational time. Higher all-domain SB was only associated with higher pulse wave velocity. Paradoxically, greater nonoccupational SB unfavorably associated with CVD risk measures, while higher occupational SB favorably correlated to CVD risk measures. CONCLUSIONS Observed paradoxical associations suggest that domain should be considered in efforts to improve cardiovascular health by reducing SB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah B Alansare
- From the Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (A.B.A.); Department of Health and Human Development, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (J.L.P.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, West Virginia (T.D.Q., B.B.G.)
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10
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Wright A, Stavres J, Galloway R, Donahue P, Sha Z, McCoy S. Aortic stiffness increases during prolonged sitting independent of intermittent standing or prior exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:533-546. [PMID: 36334128 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adverse vascular responses can occur during prolonged sitting, including stiffening of the aortic artery which may contribute to cardiovascular disease. Few studies have investigated the impact of intermittent standing and/or prior exercise as strategies to attenuate these potentially deleterious vascular changes. PURPOSE To investigate central vascular health responses during prolonged sitting, with and without intermittent standing and/or prior exercise. METHODS Fifteen males aged 18 to 31 years were recruited. Subjects completed a control condition [Sitting Only (SO)], and three randomized strategy conditions [Sitting Plus Standing (SSt), Exercise Plus Sitting (ES), Exercise Plus Sitting Plus Standing (ESSt)]. For all conditions, measurements of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) were taken at pre- and post-intervention, and brachial and central blood pressure (BP) at pre-, 1-h, 2-h, and 3-h intervention. RESULTS cfPWV significantly increased from pre- to post-intervention for all conditions (all p ≤ 0.043), as did brachial mean arterial pressure (MAP) and diastolic BP, and central MAP and diastolic BP for the control condition (all p ≤ 0.022). Brachial and central systolic BP were significantly higher during SO compared to ESSt at 1 h, and compared to ES for central systolic BP (all p ≤ 0.036). CONCLUSIONS Strategies of intermittent standing and/or prior exercise may not prevent aortic stiffening during sitting but may attenuate BP elevations in the brachial and aortic arteries. Future research should investigate causal mechanistic links between sitting and aortic stiffening, and other attenuation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wright
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA.
| | - Jon Stavres
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Riley Galloway
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Paul Donahue
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Zhanxin Sha
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Stephanie McCoy
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, College of Education and Human Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
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11
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Mascherini G, Galanti G, Stefani L, Izzicupo P. Normative values and a new predicted model of exercise blood pressure in young athletes. J Sci Med Sport 2023; 26:3-7. [PMID: 36379874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Assessing the systolic and diastolic blood pressure during acute physical exertion can allow the discovery of many cardiovascular diseases even at a young age. However, this response depends on the age, sex of the subject, and the modality of the graded exercise test. This study aims to provide sex-and age-related normative values of peak and recovery blood pressure performance and to develop a predicted model of systolic and diastolic blood pressure peak in young athletes. DESIGN Retrospective-study. METHODS We analyzed 8224 young athletes (5516 males and 2708 females) aged between 8 and 18. Anthropometric and blood pressure parameters related to the effort are reported. Then, according to sex, graded exercise test modality, and age were calculated 1) the fifth, tenth, fiftieth, ninetieth, and ninety-fifth percentiles for the systolic and diastolic blood pressure at peak and after 1 min of recovery and 2) predictive equations of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the peak. RESULTS Younger athletes show lower peak blood pressure values, gradually increasing as they age. Males showed higher peak systolic blood pressure values starting at 12-13 years on the cycle ergometer and 10-11 years on the treadmill, while there was no difference in peak diastolic blood pressure values. CONCLUSIONS Sex, age, and the specificity of the movement performed must be considered in assessing the blood pressure response in the young population. In addition, providing reference values and predictive equations of blood pressure response to acute physical exertion may allow for a better functional assessment of young athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Mascherini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Galanti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Stefani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Pascal Izzicupo
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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12
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Wattanapisit A, Ng CJ, Angkurawaranon C, Wattanapisit S, Chaovalit S, Stoutenberg M. Summary and application of the WHO 2020 physical activity guidelines for patients with essential hypertension in primary care. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11259. [PMID: 36325139 PMCID: PMC9618974 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The new World Health Organization (WHO) 2020 guidelines on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior include recommendations for adults with chronic conditions. The guidelines provide adaptable and general recommendations for people living with chronic medical conditions. This article summarizes the content and provides suggestions for the application of the guidelines for patients with essential hypertension in primary care. The WHO 2020 PA guidelines recommend broad advice for adults and older adults with chronic conditions. The key recommendations are consistent with other hypertension guidelines. A systemic approach to promote PA in primary care (i.e., PA assessment, safety considerations, PA prescription, behavioral counseling, and referral) along with applying the WHO guidelines is required. Health risk assessment and safety issues related to hypertension (e.g., current PA levels, level of blood pressure, treatment plans, comorbidities) should be concerned. The FITT Pro (frequency, intensity, time, type, and progression) can be adopted as a framework to break down the guidelines into specific PA prescription. The WHO 2020 PA guidelines address the importance of PA in clinical populations. The guidelines can be adapted for patients with hypertension in primary care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apichai Wattanapisit
- Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand,Family Medicine Clinic, Walailak University Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chirk Jenn Ng
- Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chaisiri Angkurawaranon
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Global Health and Chronic Conditions Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand,Corresponding author.
| | | | - Sirawee Chaovalit
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Mark Stoutenberg
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
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13
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Daniele A, Lucas SJE, Rendeiro C. Detrimental effects of physical inactivity on peripheral and brain vasculature in humans: Insights into mechanisms, long-term health consequences and protective strategies. Front Physiol 2022; 13:998380. [PMID: 36237532 PMCID: PMC9553009 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.998380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of physical inactivity in the population highlights the urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of how sedentary behaviour affects health, the mechanisms involved and what strategies are effective in counteracting its negative effects. Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for different pathologies including atherosclerosis, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. It is known to progressively lead to reduced life expectancy and quality of life, and it is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. Recent evidence indicates that uninterrupted prolonged sitting and short-term inactivity periods impair endothelial function (measured by flow-mediated dilation) and induce arterial structural alterations, predominantly in the lower body vasculature. Similar effects may occur in the cerebral vasculature, with recent evidence showing impairments in cerebral blood flow following prolonged sitting. The precise molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying inactivity-induced vascular dysfunction in humans are yet to be fully established, although evidence to date indicates that it may involve modulation of shear stress, inflammatory and vascular biomarkers. Despite the steady increase in sedentarism in our societies, only a few intervention strategies have been investigated for their efficacy in counteracting the associated vascular impairments. The current review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence linking acute and short-term physical inactivity to detrimental effects on peripheral, central and cerebral vascular health in humans. We further examine the underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms and attempt to link these to long-term consequences for cardiovascular health. Finally, we summarize and discuss the efficacy of lifestyle interventions in offsetting the negative consequences of physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Daniele
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J. E. Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Catarina Rendeiro,
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14
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Chauntry AJ, Bishop NC, Hamer M, Kingsnorth AP, Chen YL, Paine NJ. Sedentary behaviour is associated with heightened cardiovascular, inflammatory and cortisol reactivity to acute psychological stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 141:105756. [PMID: 35483244 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Exaggerated psychobiological responses to acute psychological stress increase CVD risk. Sedentary behaviour is associated with characteristics that can predict large psychobiological stress response patterns (e.g., elevated resting blood pressure and systemic inflammation), but it is currently unknown whether sedentary behaviour and stress reactivity are directly linked. The aim of this study was to examine associations between device-assessed sedentary behaviour and measures of stress reactivity. METHODS Sixty-one healthy adults wore an activPAL (thigh) and ActiGraph (wrist) for seven days to measure habitual levels of sedentary behaviour (mean ± SD = 9.96 ± 1.48 h/day) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (mean ± SD = 101.82 ± 42.92 min/day). Participants then underwent stress reactivity testing, where beat-to-beat cardiovascular (e.g., blood pressure, total peripheral resistance), inflammatory (plasma interleukin-6, leukocytes) and salivary cortisol measurements were taken in response to an 8-minute socially evaluative Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. RESULTS Higher volumes of daily sedentary behaviour were associated with larger stress responses for diastolic blood pressure (Β=1.264, 95%CI=0.537-1.990, p = .005), total peripheral resistance (Β=40.563, 95%CI=19.310-61.812, p < .001), interleukin-6 (Β=0.219, 95%CI=0.109-0.329, p < .001) and cortisol (Β=1.844, 95%CI=1.139-2.549, p < .001). These findings emerged independent of a priori determined covariates, including daily levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and adiposity. DISCUSSION Exaggerated stress reactivity is characteristic of high sedentary behaviour and could be a novel mechanism linking sedentary behaviour with CVD. Future work should examine the impact of reducing sedentary behaviour on measures of stress reactivity, as this may have clinical relevance for preventing CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiden J Chauntry
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolette C Bishop
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Hamer
- The Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Kingsnorth
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom; Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Ling Chen
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola J Paine
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and the University of Leicester, Leicestershire, United Kingdom.
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15
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Sedentary Behaviour, Physical Activity and Psychobiological Stress Reactivity: A Systematic Review. Biol Psychol 2022; 172:108374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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16
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Johansson MS, Holtermann A, Marott JL, Prescott E, Schnohr P, Korshøj M, Søgaard K. The physical activity health paradox and risk factors for cardiovascular disease: A cross-sectional compositional data analysis in the Copenhagen City Heart Study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267427. [PMID: 35446893 PMCID: PMC9022831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies indicate that physical activity during leisure and work have opposite associations with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, referred to as the physical activity health paradox. We investigated how sedentary behaviour and physical activity types during leisure and work are associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in an adult general population sample using compositional data analysis. Methods Participants wore accelerometers for 7 days (right thigh and iliac crest; 24 h/day) and had their SBP, WC, and LDL-C measured. Accelerometer data was analysed using the software Acti4 to derive daily time spent in sedentary behaviour and physical activity types. The measure of association was quantified by reallocating time between sedentary behaviour and 1) walking, and 2) high-intensity physical activity (HIPA; sum of climbing stairs, running, cycling, and rowing), during both domains. Results In total, 652 participants were included in the analyses (median wear time: 6 days, 23.8 h/day). During leisure, the results indicated that less sedentary behaviour and more walking or more HIPA was associated with lower SBP, while during work, the findings indicated an association with higher SBP. During both domains, the findings indicated that less sedentary behaviour and more HIPA was associated with a smaller WC and lower LDL-C. However, the findings indicated less sedentary behaviour and more walking to be associated with a larger WC and higher LDL-C, regardless of domain. Conclusions During leisure, less sedentary behaviour and more walking or HIPA seems to be associated with a lower SBP, but, during work, it seems to be associated with a higher SBP. No consistent differences between domains were observed for WC and LDL-C. These findings highlight the importance of considering the physical activity health paradox, at least for some risk factors for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melker S. Johansson
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jacob L. Marott
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Eva Prescott
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Schnohr
- The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Mette Korshøj
- Musculoskeletal Disorders and Physical Workload, National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Occupational and Social Medicine, Holbæk Hospital, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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17
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Schultz MG, Currie KD, Hedman K, Climie RE, Maiorana A, Coombes JS, Sharman JE. The Identification and Management of High Blood Pressure Using Exercise Blood Pressure: Current Evidence and Practical Guidance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052819. [PMID: 35270514 PMCID: PMC8910717 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The identification of high BP is conventionally based on in-clinic (resting) BP measures, performed within primary health care settings. However, many cases of high BP go unrecognised or remain inadequately controlled. Thus, there is a need for complementary settings and methods for BP assessment to identify and control high BP more effectively. Exaggerated exercise BP is associated with increased CVD risk and may be a medium to improve identification and control of high BP because it is suggestive of high BP gone undetected on the basis of standard in-clinic BP measures at rest. This paper provides the evidence to support a pathway to aid identification and control of high BP in clinical exercise settings via the measurement of exercise BP. It is recommended that exercise professionals conducting exercise testing should measure BP at a fixed submaximal exercise workload at moderate intensity (e.g., ~70% age-predicted heart rate maximum, stage 1-2 of a standard Bruce treadmill protocol). If exercise systolic BP is raised (≥170 mmHg), uncontrolled high BP should be assumed and should trigger correspondence with a primary care physician to encourage follow-up care to ascertain true BP control (i.e., home, or ambulatory BP) alongside a hypertension-guided exercise and lifestyle intervention to lower CVD risk related to high BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin G. Schultz
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (R.E.C.); (J.E.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-(0)-3-6226-4264; Fax: +61-(0)-3-6226-7704
| | - Katharine D. Currie
- Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA;
| | - Kristofer Hedman
- Department of Clinical Physiology in Linköping, and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, 58183 Linköping, Sweden;
| | - Rachel E. Climie
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (R.E.C.); (J.E.S.)
| | - Andrew Maiorana
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University and Allied Health Department, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA 6102, Australia;
| | - Jeff S. Coombes
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - James E. Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000, Australia; (R.E.C.); (J.E.S.)
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18
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Hu L, Yu M, Li Y, Liu L, Li X, Song L, Wang Y, Mei S. Association of exposure to organophosphate esters with increased blood pressure in children and adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 295:118685. [PMID: 34923060 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely added to various industrial and consumer products, and are mainly used as flame retardants and plasticizers. Existing epidemiological studies suggest that OPE exposure may be linked to increased blood pressure (BP) and hypertension risk in adults. However, it remains unclear whether OPE exposure is associated with increased BP in children and adolescents. Here, we investigated the associations between OPE exposure and BP levels in 6-18-year-old children and adolescents from a cross-sectional study in Liuzhou, China. OPE metabolites were determined in spot urine samples (n = 1194) collected between April and May 2018. Three measurements of systolic and diastolic BP for each participant were averaged as study outcomes. Associations of OPE exposure with age-, sex- and height-standardized BP were assessed using linear regression models. We found that each natural log unit increment of bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) was associated with a 0.06 standard deviation unit (95% confidant interval (CI): 0.01, 0.11) increase in systolic BP z-score. When conducting stratified analysis based on sex, age, and BMI category, BDCIPP was shown to be positively associated with systolic/diastolic BP z-score in females, but not in males. The associations between bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEP) and systolic/diastolic BP z-score were pronounced in adolescents, but not in children. Moreover, a significant positive association between 1-hydroxy-2-propyl bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPHIPP) and diastolic BP z-score was observed in obese subjects. The present study provides the first evidence that OPE exposure was related to increased BP in children and adolescents. Given the scarcity of high-quality evidence supporting these results, the health effects of OPEs are warrant investigation in well-designed prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Hu
- Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Meng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yaping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Lulu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Surong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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19
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Holtermann A, Rasmussen CL, Hallman DM, Ding D, Dumuid D, Gupta N. 24-Hour Physical Behavior Balance for Better Health for All: "The Sweet-Spot Hypothesis". SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2021; 7:98. [PMID: 34928441 PMCID: PMC8688608 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-021-00394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
"Sit less-move more" has been the univocal advice to adults for better health. Predominantly, this advice is based on research of physical behaviors during leisure-time. A recent study among > 100,000 adults indicates a u-shaped association between leisure-time physical activity and risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality among adults in physically active occupations. This may be explained by the considerable difference in 24-h physical behaviors between adults in sedentary and physically active occupations. Thus, the advice "sit less-move more" might not be the best for health among adults in physically active occupations. To provide a scientific approach and encourage research on 24-h physical behaviors and health for those in physically active occupations, we propose the "Sweet-Spot Hypothesis." The hypothesis postulates that the "Sweet-Spot" of 24-h physical behaviors for better health differs between adults, depending on their occupation. Specifically, the hypothesis claims that the advice "sit less-move more" does not bring adults in physically active occupations toward their "Sweet-Spot" of 24-h physical behaviors for better health. The purpose of our paper is to encourage researchers to test this proposed hypothesis by describing its origin, its theoretical underpinning, approaches to test it, and practical implications. To promote health for all, and decrease social health inequalities, we see a great need for empirically testing the "Sweet-Spot Hypothesis." We propose the "Sweet-Spot Hypothesis" to encourage discussion, debates, and empirical research to expand our collective knowledge about the healthy "24-h physical behavior balance" for all.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | | | - David M Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Ding Ding
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Pekins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Al-Raddadi R, Al-Ahmadi J, Bahijri S, Ajabnoor GM, Jambi H, Enani S, Eldakhakhny BM, Alsheikh L, Borai A, Tuomilehto J. Gender Differences in The Factors associated with Hypertension in Non-Diabetic Saudi Adults-A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111371. [PMID: 34769893 PMCID: PMC8583204 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The association between lifestyle practices, obesity and increased BP are under-investigated. We aimed to investigate this association to identify the factors associated with hypertension and prehypertension in Saudis. Non-diabetic adults were recruited from public healthcare centers using a cross-sectional design. Recruits were interviewed using a predesigned questionnaire. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), neck circumference (NC) and BP were measured. The variables were analyzed by comparing the prehypertensive and hypertensive groups with the normotensive group. A total of 1334 adults were included. The study found that 47.2% of men and 24.7% of women were prehypertensive, and 15.1% of men and 14.4% of women were hypertensive. High BMI, WC, NC, and WC: HC ratios were associated with an increased risk of prehypertension and hypertension in men and women. Low physical activity was associated with an increased risk of elevated BP in men, while sleep duration of ≤6 h and sitting for ≥4 h were associated with increased risk in women. Women from central Asia, southeast Asia, and those of mixed origin had a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to those from Arabian tribes. In conclusion, prehypertension and hypertension increase with age and obesity. Gender differences were apparent in the association between several lifestyle practices and prehypertension or hypertension among various ethnic/racial groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawaher Al-Ahmadi
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhad Bahijri
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-564-370-571
| | - Ghada M. Ajabnoor
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Jambi
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sumia Enani
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah Medhat Eldakhakhny
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lubna Alsheikh
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Food, Nutrition and Lifestyle Research Unit, King Fahd for Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Borai
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah 22384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 3270, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.-R.); (J.A.-A.); (G.M.A.); (H.J.); (S.E.); (B.M.E.); (L.A.); (A.B.); (J.T.)
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, 00271 Helsinki, Finland
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Kolb S, Burchartz A, Oriwol D, Schmidt SCE, Woll A, Niessner C. Indicators to Assess Physical Health of Children and Adolescents in Activity Research-A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010711. [PMID: 34682457 PMCID: PMC8535832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sufficient physical activity can help promote and maintain health, while its lack can jeopardize it. Since health and physical activity lay their foundation for later life in childhood and adolescence, it is important to examine this relationship from the beginning. Therefore, this scoping review aims to provide an overview of physical health indicators in children and adolescents in research on the effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior. We identified the indicators used to quantify or assess physical health and summarized the methods used to measure these indicators. We systematically searched Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science databases for systematic reviews. The search yielded 4595 records from which 32 records were included in the review. The measurements for physical health reported in the reviews contained measures of body composition, cardiometabolic biomarkers, physical fitness, harm/injury, or bone health. Body composition was the most used indicator to assess and evaluate physical health in children, whereas information on harm and injury was barely available. In future research longitudinal studies are mandatory to focus on the prospective relationships between physical activity or sedentary behavior, and physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Kolb
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexander Burchartz
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
| | - Doris Oriwol
- Institute of Movement and Sport, University of Education Karlsruhe, 76133 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Steffen C. E. Schmidt
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
| | - Claudia Niessner
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany; (A.B.); (S.C.E.S.); (A.W.); (C.N.)
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ALADRO-GONZALVO AR. Short-term changes in time spent sitting during the COVID-19 pandemic. GAZZETTA MEDICA ITALIANA ARCHIVIO PER LE SCIENZE MEDICHE 2021. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.20.04459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Maasakkers CM, de Heus RAA, Thijssen DHJ, Melis RJF, Gardiner PA, Claassen JAHR. Objectively-Measured Activity Patterns are Associated with Home Blood Pressure in Memory Clinic Patients. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 74:691-697. [PMID: 32083587 PMCID: PMC7175935 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Physicians are cautious to prescribe antihypertensive drugs in frail older adults because of the potential adverse effects, especially in those with cognitive complaints. Lifestyle aspects might provide safe targets to lower blood pressure in older adults. Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the associations between activity patterns and blood pressure in memory clinic patients. Methods: We used an observational cross-sectional study to measure activity patterns with the ActivPAL accelerometer, and simultaneous home blood pressure levels in memory clinic patients (age range 51–87 years old). Office blood pressure was assessed during routine clinical practice. Results: 41 patients (mean age of 74.3 (7.7) years of age, 46% female) were included. Sedentary parameters were associated with higher mean home blood pressure, with the strongest correlation between more prolonged sitting bouts and higher SBP (r = 0.58, p < .0001). Physical activity parameters were negatively associated with mean home blood pressure. Adjusted regression estimates remained significant, showing, e.g., a 4.5 (95% CI = 1.6;7.4) mmHg increase in SBP for every hour of sitting per day and a –1.0 (95% CI = –1.8;–0.2) mmHg decrease in DBP for every additional 1000 steps per day. No strong correlations were found between any of the activity pattern variables and office blood pressure. Conclusion: Associations between activity pattern variables and blood pressure were only found with home blood pressure measurements, not with office measurements. Longitudinal evaluations of these associations are now needed to explore if reducing prolonged sedentary bouts and increasing step count indeed serve as safe targets to lower blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn M Maasakkers
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne A A de Heus
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dick H J Thijssen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - René J F Melis
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul A Gardiner
- Centre for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jurgen A H R Claassen
- Department of Geriatrics/Radboud Alzheimer Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Barone Gibbs B, Conroy MB, Huber K, Muldoon MF, Perera S, Jakicic JM. Effect of Reducing Sedentary Behavior on Blood Pressure (RESET BP): Rationale, design, and methods. Contemp Clin Trials 2021; 106:106428. [PMID: 33971295 PMCID: PMC8222181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2021.106428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) has recently been recognized as a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease, with new guidelines encouraging adults to 'sit less, move more.' Yet, there are few randomized trials demonstrating that reducing SB improves cardiovascular health. The Effect of Reducing Sedentary Behavior on Blood Pressure (RESET BP) randomized clinical trial addresses this gap by testing the effect of a 3-month SB reduction intervention on resting systolic BP. Secondary outcomes include other BP measures, pulse wave velocity, plasma renin activity and aldosterone, and objectively-measured SB (via thigh-mounted activPAL) and physical activity (via waist-worn GT3X accelerometer). RESET BP has a targeted recruitment of 300 adults with desk jobs, along with elevated, non-medicated BP (systolic BP 120-159 mmHg or diastolic BP 80-99 mmHg) and physical inactivity (self-reported aerobic physical activity below recommended levels). The multi-component intervention promotes 2-4 fewer hours of SB per day by replacing sitting with standing and light-intensity movement breaks. Participants assigned to the intervention condition receive a sit-stand desk attachment, a wrist-worn activity prompter, behavioral counseling every two weeks (alternating in-person and phone), and twice-weekly automated text messages. Herein, we review the study rationale, describe and evaluate recruitment strategies based on enrollment to date, and detail the intervention and assessment protocols. We also document our mid-trial adaptations to participant recruitment, intervention deployment, and outcome assessments due to the intervening COVID-19 pandemic. Our research methods, experiences to date, and COVID-specific accommodations could inform other research studying BP and hypertension or targeting working populations, including those seeking remote methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
| | - Molly B Conroy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America
| | - Kimberly Huber
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Matthew F Muldoon
- Department of Medicine, Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Subashan Perera
- Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - John M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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Hendrickx W, Riveros C, Askim T, Bussmann JBJ, Callisaya ML, Chastin SFM, Dean C, Ezeugwu V, Jones TM, Kuys SS, Mahendran N, Manns PJ, Mead G, Moore SA, Paul L, Pisters MF, Saunders DH, Simpson DB, Tieges Z, Verschuren O, English C. An Exploration of Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Community-Dwelling People With Stroke: A Cluster-Based Analysis. J Neurol Phys Ther 2021; 45:221-227. [PMID: 33867457 DOI: 10.1097/npt.0000000000000357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Long periods of daily sedentary time, particularly accumulated in long uninterrupted bouts, are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. People with stroke are at high risk of recurrent events and prolonged sedentary time may increase this risk. We aimed to explore how people with stroke distribute their periods of sedentary behavior, which factors influence this distribution, and whether sedentary behavior clusters can be distinguished? METHODS This was a secondary analysis of original accelerometry data from adults with stroke living in the community. We conducted data-driven clustering analyses to identify unique accumulation patterns of sedentary time across participants, followed by multinomial logistical regression to determine the association between the clusters, and the total amount of sedentary time, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), walking speed, and wake time. RESULTS Participants in the highest quartile of total sedentary time accumulated a significantly higher proportion of their sedentary time in prolonged bouts (P < 0.001). Six unique accumulation patterns were identified, all of which were characterized by high sedentary time. Total sedentary time, age, gender, BMI, and walking speed were significantly associated with the probability of a person being in a specific accumulation pattern cluster, P < 0.001 - P = 0.002. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Although unique accumulation patterns were identified, there is not just one accumulation pattern for high sedentary time. This suggests that interventions to reduce sedentary time must be individually tailored.Video Abstract available for more insight from the authors (see the Video Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A343).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Hendrickx
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Science & Sport, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (W.H., M.F.P.); School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia (W.H., D.B.S., C.E.); Center for Physical Therapy Research and Innovation in Primary Care, Julius Health Care Centers, Utrecht, the Netherlands (W.H., M.F.P.); Bioinformatics, Hunter Medical Research Institute, and School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia (C.R.); Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway (T.A.); Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands (J.B.J.B.); Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia (M.L.C.); School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom (S.F.M.C., L.P., Z.T.); Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium (S.F.M.C.); Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia (C.D., T.M.J.); Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (V.E., P.J.M.); National Head, School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Brisbane, Australia (S.S.K.); Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia (N.M.); Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (G.M.); Stroke Research Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (S.A.M.); Department of Health Innovations and Technology, Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Eindhoven, the Netherlands (M.F.P.); Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom (D.H.S.); Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom (Z.T.); UMC Utrecht Brain Center, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, De Hoogstraat Rehabilitation, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands (O.V.); and Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia (C.E.)
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The Effects of Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With Frequent Bouts of Light-Intensity Standing Exercises on Blood Pressure in Stroke Survivors: A Dose Escalation Trial. J Phys Act Health 2021; 18:988-997. [PMID: 34186510 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2020-0763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interrupting prolonged sitting acutely lowers blood pressure in nonstroke populations. However, the dose-response effect in stroke survivors is unknown. The authors investigated different doses of light-intensity standing exercises that interrupt prolonged sitting and reduce blood pressure immediately and over 24 hours in stroke survivors. METHODS Within-participant, laboratory-based, dose escalation trial. Conditions (8 h) were prolonged sitting and 2 experimental conditions of standing exercises with increasing frequency (3 cohorts, 2 × 5 min to 6 × 5 min). The primary outcome is the mean systolic blood pressure. RESULTS Twenty-nine stroke survivors (aged 66 [12] y) participated. Frequent bouts of standing exercises lowered the mean systolic blood pressure following the 4 × 5-minute (-2.1 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval [CI], -3.6 to -0.6) and 6 × 5-minute conditions (-2.3 mm Hg; 95% CI, -4.2 to -0.5) compared with prolonged sitting. Diastolic blood pressure was lowered following the 6 × 5-minute condition (-1.4 mm Hg; 95% CI, -2.7 to -0.2). The 24-hour systolic blood pressure increased following the 2 × 5-minute condition (6.9 mm Hg; 95% CI, 3.1 to 10.6). CONCLUSIONS Interrupting prolonged sitting with more frequent bouts of standing exercises lowers systolic and diastolic blood pressure in stroke survivors. However, reductions may only be short term, and investigations on sustained effects are warranted.
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Saunders DH, Mead GE, Fitzsimons C, Kelly P, van Wijck F, Verschuren O, Backx K, English C. Interventions for reducing sedentary behaviour in people with stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 6:CD012996. [PMID: 34184251 PMCID: PMC8238669 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012996.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke survivors are often physically inactive as well as sedentary,and may sit for long periods of time each day. This increases cardiometabolic risk and has impacts on physical and other functions. Interventions to reduce or interrupt periods of sedentary time, as well as to increase physical activity after stroke, could reduce the risk of secondary cardiovascular events and mortality during life after stroke. OBJECTIVES To determine whether interventions designed to reduce sedentary behaviour after stroke, or interventions with the potential to do so, can reduce the risk of death or secondary vascular events, modify cardiovascular risk, and reduce sedentary behaviour. SEARCH METHODS In December 2019, we searched the Cochrane Stroke Trials Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Conference Proceedings Citation Index, and PEDro. We also searched registers of ongoing trials, screened reference lists, and contacted experts in the field. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised trials comparing interventions to reduce sedentary time with usual care, no intervention, or waiting-list control, attention control, sham intervention or adjunct intervention. We also included interventions intended to fragment or interrupt periods of sedentary behaviour. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently selected studies and performed 'Risk of bias' assessments. We analyzed data using random-effects meta-analyses and assessed the certainty of the evidence with the GRADE approach. MAIN RESULTS We included 10 studies with 753 people with stroke. Five studies used physical activity interventions, four studies used a multicomponent lifestyle intervention, and one study used an intervention to reduce and interrupt sedentary behaviour. In all studies, the risk of bias was high or unclear in two or more domains. Nine studies had high risk of bias in at least one domain. The interventions did not increase or reduce deaths (risk difference (RD) 0.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.02 to 0.03; 10 studies, 753 participants; low-certainty evidence), the incidence of recurrent cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (RD -0.01, 95% CI -0.04 to 0.01; 10 studies, 753 participants; low-certainty evidence), the incidence of falls (and injuries) (RD 0.00, 95% CI -0.02 to 0.02; 10 studies, 753 participants; low-certainty evidence), or incidence of other adverse events (moderate-certainty evidence). Interventions did not increase or reduce the amount of sedentary behaviour time (mean difference (MD) +0.13 hours/day, 95% CI -0.42 to 0.68; 7 studies, 300 participants; very low-certainty evidence). There were too few data to examine effects on patterns of sedentary behaviour. The effect of interventions on cardiometabolic risk factors allowed very limited meta-analysis. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Sedentary behaviour research in stroke seems important, yet the evidence is currently incomplete, and we found no evidence for beneficial effects. Current World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines recommend reducing the amount of sedentary time in people with disabilities, in general. The evidence is currently not strong enough to guide practice on how best to reduce sedentariness specifically in people with stroke. More high-quality randomised trials are needed, particularly involving participants with mobility limitations. Trials should include longer-term interventions specifically targeted at reducing time spent sedentary, risk factor outcomes, objective measures of sedentary behaviour (and physical activity), and long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Saunders
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gillian E Mead
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Claire Fitzsimons
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Kelly
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC), University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Frederike van Wijck
- Institute for Applied Health Research and the School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Karianne Backx
- Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Coralie English
- Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health & Hunter Medical Research Institute, Melbourne and Newcastle, Australia
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28
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Yates JD, Aldous JWF, Bailey DP, Chater AM, Mitchell ACS, Richards JC. The Prevalence and Predictors of Hypertension and the Metabolic Syndrome in Police Personnel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136728. [PMID: 34206524 PMCID: PMC8297085 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension and metabolic syndrome (METSYN) are reportedly high in police forces. This may contribute to health deterioration and absenteeism in police personnel. Police forces comprise of staff in ‘operational’ and ‘non-operational’ job types but it is not known if job type is associated to hypertension and METSYN prevalence. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of hypertension and METSYN, the factors associated with the risk of hypertension and METSYN, and compare physiological, psychological, and behavioural factors between operational and non-operational police personnel. Cross-sectional data was collected from 77 operational and 60 non-operational police workers. Hypertension and METSYN were prevalent in 60.5% and 20% of operational and 60.0% and 13.6% of non-operational police personnel, respectively (p > 0.05). Operational job type, moderate organisational stress (compared with low stress) and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were associated with lower odds of hypertension, whereas increasing body mass index was associated with increased odds of hypertension (p < 0.05). None of the independent variables were significantly associated with the odds of METSYN. Operational police had several increased cardiometabolic risk markers compared with non-operational police. Given the high prevalence of hypertension and METSYN in operational and non-operational personnel, occupational health interventions are needed for the police and could be informed by the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Yates
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK; (J.W.F.A.); (D.P.B.); (A.M.C.); (A.C.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.Y.); (J.C.R.)
| | - Jeffrey W. F. Aldous
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK; (J.W.F.A.); (D.P.B.); (A.M.C.); (A.C.S.M.)
| | - Daniel P. Bailey
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK; (J.W.F.A.); (D.P.B.); (A.M.C.); (A.C.S.M.)
- Sedentary Behaviour, Health and Disease Research Group, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
- Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK
| | - Angel M. Chater
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK; (J.W.F.A.); (D.P.B.); (A.M.C.); (A.C.S.M.)
| | - Andrew C. S. Mitchell
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK; (J.W.F.A.); (D.P.B.); (A.M.C.); (A.C.S.M.)
| | - Joanna C. Richards
- Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford MK41 9EA, UK; (J.W.F.A.); (D.P.B.); (A.M.C.); (A.C.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.Y.); (J.C.R.)
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de Courrèges A, Occelli F, Muntaner M, Amouyel P, Meirhaeghe A, Dauchet L. The relationship between neighbourhood walkability and cardiovascular risk factors in northern France. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:144877. [PMID: 33770881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although walkability is known to be associated with obesity and hypertension through increased physical activity; data on cardiovascular risk factors (especially in the Europe) are scarce. We assessed the relationship between neighbourhood walkability and cardiometabolic factors (including obesity, hypertension, the blood lipid profile, and serum glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels) among adults living in northern France. METHODS Data were extracted from the ELISABET study database (2011-2013). The participants (aged between 40 and 65) resided in or around the cities of Lille and Dunkirk. For each residential address, we determined a neighbourhood walkability index (using a geographic information system) and the Walk Score®. Multilevel linear and logistic models were used to assess the relationships between neighbourhood walkability on one hand and body mass index (BMI), obesity, blood pressure, hypertension, serum HDLC, LDL-C, triglyceride and HbA1c levels, and physical activity level on the other. RESULTS 3218 participants were included. After adjusting for individual and neighbourhood variables, we found that a higher neighbourhood walkability index was associated with a lower BMI (-0.23 kg.m-2; 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.44;-0.01] for a one interquartile range (IQR) increment), a lower systolic blood pressure (-1.66 mmHg; 95% CI [-2.46;-0.85] per IQR), a lower prevalence of hypertension (% of increase: -7.12, 95% CI [-13.56;-0.52] per IQR), and a higher prevalence of moderate or high physical activity (% of increase = 6.9; 95% CI [1.2;12.72] per IQR). The walkability index was not significantly associated with other cardiovascular risk factors. Similar results were observed for the Walk Score®. CONCLUSION Our results showed that residence in a more walkable neighbourhood was associated with a lower prevalence of vascular risk factors. Promoting neighbourhood walkability might help to improve the population's cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine de Courrèges
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Florent Occelli
- Univ. Lille, IMT Lille Douai, Univ. Artois, Yncrea Hauts-de-France, ULR 4515 - LGCgE, Laboratoire de Génie Civil et géo-Environnement, F-5activity000 Lille, France.
| | - Manon Muntaner
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Aline Meirhaeghe
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Luc Dauchet
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France.
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30
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Botero JP, Farah BQ, Correia MDA, Lofrano-Prado MC, Cucato GG, Shumate G, Ritti-Dias RM, Prado WLD. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic stay at home order and social isolation on physical activity levels and sedentary behavior in Brazilian adults. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2021; 19:eAE6156. [PMID: 33681886 PMCID: PMC7909004 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021ae6156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of the coronavirus 2019 pandemic on physical activity levels and sedentary behavior among Brazilians residents aged ≥18 years. Methods An online survey was distributed through a social media platform between May 5 and 17, 2020. Participants completed a structured questionnaire in Google Forms, which assessed the physical activity level and sedentary behavior of adults in Brazil during the pandemic. Results Age (OR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.97-0.99), chronic disease (OR: 1.29; 95%CI: 1.03-1.63), physical inactivity before the coronavirus 2019 pandemic (OR: 2.20; 95%CI: 1.78-2.72) and overweight (OR: 1.34; 95%CI: 1.09-1.65) showed higher risk of impact on physical activity levels. Increased sitting time was associated with older individuals (OR: 0.97; 95%CI: 0.96-0.98), inactivity (OR: 1.51; 95%CI: 1.16-1.96), chronic disease (OR: 1.65; 95%CI: 1.23-2.22), higher number of days in social isolation (OR: 1.01; 95%CI: 1.00-1.02) and higher schooling levels (OR: 1.87; 95%CI: 1.26-2.78). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that advanced age, chronic disease and physical inactivity before social isolation had a greater risk of impact on reduced physical activity levels and increased sitting time during the coronavirus 2019 disease pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Grace Shumate
- California State University, San Bernardino, CA, United States
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31
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Dhondt E, Danneels L, Van Oosterwijck S, Palmans T, Rijckaert J, Van Oosterwijck J. The influence of physical activity on the nociceptive flexion reflex in healthy people. Eur J Pain 2020; 25:774-789. [PMID: 33290578 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) is a spinal reflex induced by painful stimuli resulting in an appropriate withdrawal response. The NFR is considered to be an objective physiological correlate of spinal nociception. Previous research has already demonstrated that physical activity (PA) can influence pain assessments. To date, no studies have directly examined the relationship between PA and spinal nociception. Hence, this study aimed to investigate whether the NFR threshold can be predicted by report-based and monitor-based measures of PA in healthy adults. METHODS PA and the NFR threshold of 58 healthy adults were assessed. PA was evaluated by self-report using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and by monitor-based accelerometry data. The NFR threshold was elicited through transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the sural nerve and quantified by the biceps femoris muscle electromyogram. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to determine the relationship between PA and the NFR, while controlling for confounders. RESULTS Monitor-based measured step count and activities of moderate- to vigorous-intensity predicted the NFR threshold accounting for 23.0% (p = .047) to 37.1% (p = .002) of the variance. Larger amounts of step counts and higher participation in moderate- to vigorous-intensity activities predicted higher NFR thresholds. Monitor-based activities of sedentary intensity predicted the NFR threshold accounting for 35.8% (p = .014) to 35.9% (p = .014) of the variance. Spending more time per day on activities of sedentary intensity predicted lower NFR thresholds. CONCLUSIONS The study provides preliminary evidence indicating that a physically active lifestyle may reduce spinal nociception in healthy adults, while a sedentary lifestyle enhances spinal nociception. SIGNIFICANCE The present study provides preliminary evidence that the influencing effects of physical activity on pain are the result of a strong descending control and do not purely rely on supraspinal mechanisms. These study results highlight the importance of considering physical activity levels when evaluating nociceptive processing, given the prognostic value of physical activity in spinal nociception. Furthermore, this study encourages future research to examine the effects of moderate- to vigorous-intensity exercise programmes on spinal nociception in chronic pain populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evy Dhondt
- SPINE Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Pain in Motion, International Research Group
| | - Lieven Danneels
- SPINE Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sophie Van Oosterwijck
- SPINE Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Pain in Motion, International Research Group.,Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tanneke Palmans
- SPINE Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Rijckaert
- SPINE Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Audiology, Artevelde University College, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jessica Van Oosterwijck
- SPINE Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Pain in Motion, International Research Group.,Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
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32
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Spehar SM, Gibbs BB, Muldoon M, Catov JM. Association of sedentary time with blood pressure in women of reproductive age. Prev Med Rep 2020; 20:101219. [PMID: 33145150 PMCID: PMC7593624 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While the beneficial impact of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on blood pressure is well-understood, the relationship between sedentary time (ST) and blood pressure is less clear. We aimed to evaluate the associations between ST and BP in reproductive-age women. This cross-sectional analysis consisted of 431 women enrolled in the Placenta as a Window to Maternal Microvascular Disease Risk study at Magee-Womens Hospital. Blood pressure and self-reported physical activity and ST were collected 8–10 years after delivery at study enrollment. Logistic and linear regression models examined associations between ST and blood pressure and adjusted for MVPA. Women with the highest amount of ST were less likely to be normotensive and more likely to have elevated blood pressure and Stage II hypertension (p = 0.02). Each additional hour of ST was associated with an increased risk of Stage II hypertension (OR 1.12 [1.01–1.24]) and higher systolic blood pressure (0.45 mmHg [0.08–0.82]), diastolic blood pressure (0.29 mmHg [0.02–0.56]), and mean arterial pressure (0.34 mmHg [0.05–0.63]), after adjustment for covariates. This relationship was more apparent in women who participated in less MVPA (bottom 50th percentile) versus more MVPA (top 50th percentile). ST is associated with higher blood pressure, particularly in women who engage in less aerobic activity, and could serve as an important intervention target for reducing blood pressure and hypertension during the reproductive years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Spehar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Corresponding author at: 3116 Taubman Center, SPC 5368, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5368, United States.
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, School of Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Matthew Muldoon
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Janet M. Catov
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences and Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Koyama T, Kuriyama N, Ozaki E, Tomida S, Uehara R, Nishida Y, Shimanoe C, Hishida A, Tamura T, Tsukamoto M, Kadomatsu Y, Oze I, Matsuo K, Mikami H, Nakamura Y, Ibusuki R, Takezaki T, Suzuki S, Nishiyama T, Kuriki K, Takashima N, Kadota A, Uemura H, Katsuura-Kamano S, Ikezaki H, Murata M, Takeuchi K, Wakai K. Sedentary Time is Associated with Cardiometabolic Diseases in A Large Japanese Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Atheroscler Thromb 2020; 27:1097-1107. [PMID: 32269208 PMCID: PMC7585914 DOI: 10.5551/jat.54320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Accumulating evidence reveals that sedentary behavior is associated with mortality and cardiometabolic disease; however, there are potential age and sex differences in sedentary behavior and health outcomes that have not been adequately addressed. This study aimed to determine the association of sedentary behavior with cardiometabolic diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and its risk factors in a large Japanese population according to age and sex. Methods: Using data from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study obtained from baseline surveys, data of 62,754 participants (27,930 males, 34,824 females) were analyzed. This study uses a cross-sectional design and self-administered questionnaires to evaluate sedentary time and anamnesis. For the logistic regression analysis, sedentary time < 5 h/day was used as the reference and then adjusted for age, research areas, leisure-time metabolic equivalents, and alcohol and smoking status. From the analysis of anthropometric and blood examinations, 35,973 participants (17,109 males, 18,864 females) were analyzed. Results: For hypertension and diabetes, sedentary time was associated with a significantly higher proportion of male participants. Both sexes were associated with a significantly higher proportion of participants with dyslipidemia. Participants who had longer sedentary time tended to have increased levels of blood pressure, triglycerides, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and decreased levels of HDL-C, especially in the 60–69 years group. Conclusions: Independent of leisure-time physical activity, sedentary time was associated with cardiometabolic diseases in a large Japanese population classified by age and sex. Our findings indicate that regularly interrupting and replacing sedentary time may contribute to better physical health-related quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Nagato Kuriyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Etsuko Ozaki
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Satomi Tomida
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.,Department of Endocrine and Breast Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Ritei Uehara
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University
| | | | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Mineko Tsukamoto
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuka Kadomatsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute.,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute
| | - Rie Ibusuki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Toshiro Takezaki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Takeshi Nishiyama
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University.,Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine
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Guo C, Zhou Q, Zhang D, Qin P, Li Q, Tian G, Liu D, Chen X, Liu L, Liu F, Cheng C, Qie R, Han M, Huang S, Wu X, Zhao Y, Ren Y, Zhang M, Liu Y, Hu D. Association of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing with risk of overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension: A dose-response meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:79-90. [PMID: 31468597 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To explore the quantitative dose-response association of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension in a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched three databases to identify English-language reports that assessed the association of total sedentary behaviour or television viewing with the aforementioned health outcomes. Restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate possible linear or non-linear associations of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing with these health outcomes. RESULTS We included 48 articles (58 studies) with a total of 1 071 967 participants in the meta-analysis; 21 (six cohort and 15 cross-sectional) studies examined the association of total sedentary behaviour with overweight/obesity, 23 (13 cohort and 10 cross-sectional) studies examined the association with type 2 diabetes and 14 (one cohort and 13 cross-sectional) studies examined the association with hypertension. We found linear associations between total sedentary behaviour and type 2 diabetes (Pnon-linearity = 0.190) and hypertension (Pnon-linearity = 0.225) and a non-linear association between total sedentary behaviour and overweight/obesity (Pnon-linearity = 0.003). For each 1-h/d increase in total sedentary behaviour, the risk increased by 5% for type 2 diabetes and 4% for hypertension. We also found linear associations between television viewing and type 2 diabetes (Pnon-linearity = 0.948) and hypertension (Pnon-linearity = 0.679) and a non-linear association for overweight/obesity (Pnon-linearity = 0.007). For each 1-h/d increase in television viewing, the risk increased by 8% for type 2 diabetes and 6% for hypertension. CONCLUSIONS High levels of total sedentary behaviour and television viewing were associated with overweight/obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Guo
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qionggui Zhou
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Qin
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanman Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Leilei Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feiyan Liu
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ranran Qie
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghui Han
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbing Huang
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongcheng Ren
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongsheng Hu
- Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Study Team of Shenzhen's Sanming Project, Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Centre, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Blood Pressure Response to Interrupting Workplace Sitting Time With Non-Exercise Physical Activity: Results of a 12-Month Cohort Study. J Occup Environ Med 2019; 60:769-774. [PMID: 29905645 PMCID: PMC6125747 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the blood pressure (BP) effects of a yearlong e-health solution designed to interrupt prolonged occupational sitting time. Methods: BP data of 228 desk-based employees (45.1 ± 10.5 years) were analyzed at baseline, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Results: Systolic BP significantly reduced from baseline for the first 9 months (1.0 to 3.4 mmHg; P < 0.01) while diastolic and mean arterial pressure decreased for the full 12-months (4 to 5 mmHg for diastolic pressure and 3.6 to 4.2 mmHg for MAP; all P < 0.01). Participants used the e-health solution 5.5 ± 2.0 times/day in the first 3 months which reduced to 4.2 ± 2.5 times/day by the end of the study (P < 0.05). Conclusions: An e-health solution designed to increase non-exercise physical activity by interrupting sitting time in the workplace is feasible and produced long-term reductions in blood pressure.
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Dempsey PC, Larsen RN, Dunstan DW, Owen N, Kingwell BA. Sitting Less and Moving More: Implications for Hypertension. Hypertension 2019; 72:1037-1046. [PMID: 30354827 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.118.11190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paddy C Dempsey
- From the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., R.N.L., D.W.D., N.O., B.A.K.).,MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, United Kingdom (P.C.D.).,Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., N.O.)
| | - Robyn N Larsen
- From the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., R.N.L., D.W.D., N.O., B.A.K.)
| | - David W Dunstan
- From the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., R.N.L., D.W.D., N.O., B.A.K.).,Mary MacKillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria (D.W.D.)
| | - Neville Owen
- From the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., R.N.L., D.W.D., N.O., B.A.K.).,Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., N.O.)
| | - Bronwyn A Kingwell
- From the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (P.C.D., R.N.L., D.W.D., N.O., B.A.K.)
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Gupta N, Dumuid D, Korshøj M, Jørgensen MB, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Is Daily Composition of Movement Behaviors Related to Blood Pressure in Working Adults? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:2150-2155. [PMID: 30222689 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the association of the daily composition of time spent sedentary, in light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and time in bed (movement behaviors) with blood pressure (BP) among white- and blue-collar workers. METHODS Systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and body mass index of 827 workers were objectively measured. Daily composition of movement behaviors was derived from an Actigraph placed on the thigh for 1 to 5 d using the Acti4 software (2012-2013). The composition was expressed as isometric log-ratios. The cross-sectional associations between daily movement behavior composition and BP were investigated using the Compositional Data Analysis approach. The associations were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, lift/carry duration, medication intake, and job sector. RESULTS Daily composition of time spent in movement behaviors was significantly associated with SBP (F = 2.84, P = 0.04), but not DBP (F = 0.48, P = 0.69). Specifically, time reallocation to sedentary time and light physical activity from the remaining behaviors was deleteriously associated with SBP, whereas time reallocation to time in bed and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from the remaining behaviors was beneficially associated with SBP. However, the results were only significant for time spent sedentary (P = 0.01) and in bed (P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Daily composition of movement behaviors is associated with SBP among workers. Spending more time sedentary compared with other behaviors was deleteriously associated with SBP, whereas spending more time in bed was beneficially associated with SBP. How time is spent in different movement behaviors throughout the day is important for BP and needs to be further investigated to be included in future clinical practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | | | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK
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38
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Gupta N, Korshøj M, Dumuid D, Coenen P, Allesøe K, Holtermann A. Daily domain-specific time-use composition of physical behaviors and blood pressure. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2019; 16:4. [PMID: 30630517 PMCID: PMC6327498 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0766-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has shown contrasting effects on hypertension for occupational and leisure-time physical behaviors—physical activity and sedentary behavior and time in bed. However, (a) none of these studies have addressed the compositional property of the physical behaviors and (b) most knowledge on the association between domain-specific physical behaviors and hypertension relies upon self-reported physical behaviors information primarily on white-collar worker study samples. We aimed to be the first to disentangle the relationship between technically measured 24-h time-use behaviors in work and leisure domains and blood pressure among blue-collar workers using a compositional data analysis approach. Methods Workers (n = 669) wore accelerometers to measure daily minutes of work and leisure sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and time in bed which were isometrically log-transformed. Cross-sectional linear association between time-use composition and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were determined using compositional isotemporal substitutions models. Results The time-use composition at the work and leisure domains was significantly associated with SBP (F = 4.98, p < 0.001) and DBP (F = 2.91, p = 0.008). Reallocating sedentary time to remaining behaviors within each domain—work and leisure—was favorably associated with SBP. Similar results were observed when reallocating time in bed from the remaining leisure behaviors. Results for reallocating time to/from MVPA and LPA at both domains were non-significant. Results regarding all physical behaviors for DBP were generally non-significant. Conclusions Time-use composition of physical behaviors at work and leisure is associated with blood pressure among blue-collar workers. At both domains, reallocating sedentary time to remaining behaviors, especially to time in bed at leisure may reduce blood pressure. Our results, based on a compositional data approach, can be used to better design accurate and comprehensive time-use recommendations both at work and leisure for high-risk groups like blue-collar workers. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-018-0766-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition, and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Pieter Coenen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Allesøe
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, The Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Carlson NG, Schwartz A, Greenwell J, Casura G. The office changes leading to sit-to-stand ergonomics. Work 2019; 61:501-507. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-182820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Neil G. Carlson
- University Health and Safety, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Adam Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Occupational Injury Prevention Research Training (OIPRT) Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jeffrey Greenwell
- University Writing Program, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Greg Casura
- Department of Environmental Health and Safety, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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40
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Riegel GR, Martins GB, Schmidt AG, Rodrigues MP, Nunes GS, Correa V, Fuchs SC, Fuchs FD, Ribeiro PA, Moreira LB. Self-reported adherence to physical activity recommendations compared to the IPAQ interview in patients with hypertension. Patient Prefer Adherence 2019; 13:209-214. [PMID: 30774316 PMCID: PMC6350830 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s185519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is recommended as adjuvant therapy to control blood pressure (BP). The effectiveness of simple recommendations is not clear. We aimed to assess the agreement between self-report of adherence to PA in clinical routine and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) interview and its association with BP control. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with hypertensive outpatients. Adherence to recommendation to PA was assessed by the physician and IPAQ interview. A cutoff of 150 minutes/week was used to classify active or nonactive patients. High sitting time was considered >4 hours/day. A total of 127 individuals (SBP 144.9±24.4 mmHg/DBP 82.0±12.8 mmHg) were included. RESULTS A total of 69 subjects (54.3%) reported to be active to their physician, whereas 81 (63.8%) were classified as active by IPAQ (6.3% active in leisure time PA). Kappa test was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.06-0.37). The rate of BP control was 45.7%. There was no association with the reported PA assessed by both methods nor with sitting time. Our results demonstrated poor agreement between self-report adherence and IPAQ interview, and neither evaluation was associated with BP control. CONCLUSION Our findings underpin evidences that a simple PA recommendation has low association with BP control in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaube R Riegel
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Giulia B Martins
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Afonso G Schmidt
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Marcela P Rodrigues
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Gerson S Nunes
- Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vicente Correa
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Sandra C Fuchs
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
| | - Flavio D Fuchs
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Cardiology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Ab Ribeiro
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Cardiology Division, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), Montréal, QC, Canada,
| | - Leila B Moreira
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,
- Pharmacology Department, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Butler KM, Ramos JS, Buchanan CA, Dalleck LC. Can reducing sitting time in the university setting improve the cardiometabolic health of college students? Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2018; 11:603-610. [PMID: 30323641 PMCID: PMC6181072 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s179590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), prediabetes, and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases linked with prolonged sitting has created a need to identify options to limit sedentary behaviors. A potentially simple approach to achieve this goal in the university setting is to provide students the option to stand during courses rather than sit. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of standing in the college classroom setting on cardiometabolic risk factors in a cohort of college students. PATIENTS AND METHODS Healthy college students (n=21) who attended at least two courses per week (a minimum of 5 hours) in a specified university building with standing desks participated in a 7-week intervention that was divided into three phases: 3 weeks of standing, 1 week of washout (sitting), and 3 weeks of sitting. The participants (mean ± SD: age, height, weight, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio were 22.7±6.4 years, 174.3±10.0 cm, 70.6±14.3 kg, 23.0±3.0 kg/m2, and 0.76±0.05, respectively) were randomly assigned to the phase of intervention of which they should start (sitting or standing), and all participants engaged in sitting during the washout phase. Cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic equivalents (METs) were measured at baseline and weekly throughout the intervention. RESULTS Paired t-tests revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in all cardiometabolic risk factors between the 3 weeks of sitting and 3 weeks of standing time blocks. Moreover, MetS z-score was significantly improved (P<0.05) during the 3 weeks of standing (-5.91±2.70) vs 3 weeks of sitting (-5.25±2.69). The METs were significantly higher (P<0.05) during standing (1.47±0.09) than during sitting (1.02±0.07). Although there was considerable interindividual variability in the ∆ MetS z-score response, there was a 100% (21/21) incidence of a favorable change (ie, responders) in MetS z-score response. CONCLUSION A standing desk in the classroom paradigm was found to significantly improve cardiometabolic health throughout a short 3 weeks time span. Increasing standing time in the classroom, and therefore lessening weekly sedentary behavior, could be a potential wide-scale, effective strategy for primordial prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karrie M Butler
- Department of Recreation, Exercise, and Sport Science, Western State Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, USA,
| | - Joyce S Ramos
- SHAPE Research Centre, Exercise Science and Clinical Exercise Physiology, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia,
| | - Christina A Buchanan
- Department of Recreation, Exercise, and Sport Science, Western State Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, USA,
| | - Lance C Dalleck
- Department of Recreation, Exercise, and Sport Science, Western State Colorado University, Gunnison, CO, USA,
- SHAPE Research Centre, Exercise Science and Clinical Exercise Physiology, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia,
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42
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English C, Janssen H, Crowfoot G, Bourne J, Callister R, Dunn A, Oldmeadow C, Ong LK, Palazzi K, Patterson A, Spratt NJ, Walker FR, Dunstan DW, Bernhardt J. Frequent, short bouts of light-intensity exercises while standing decreases systolic blood pressure: Breaking Up Sitting Time after Stroke (BUST-Stroke) trial. Int J Stroke 2018; 13:932-940. [DOI: 10.1177/1747493018798535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Stroke survivors sit for long periods each day. Uninterrupted sitting is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Breaking up uninterrupted sitting with frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity has an immediate positive effect on blood pressure and plasma clotting factors in healthy, overweight, and type 2 diabetic populations. Aim We examined the effect of frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity on blood pressure and plasma fibrinogen in stroke survivors. Methods Prespecified secondary analyses from a three-armed randomized, within-participant, crossover trial. Participants were 19 stroke survivors (nine female, aged 68 years old, 90% able to walk independently). The experimental conditions were sitting for 8 h uninterrupted, sitting with 3 min bouts of light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min, or sitting with 3 min of walking every 30 min. Blood pressure was measured every 30 min over 8 h and plasma fibrinogen at the beginning, middle, and end of each day. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed using linear mixed models including fixed effects for condition, period, and order, and a random intercept for participant to account for repeated measures and missing data. Results Sitting with 3 min bouts of light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min decreased systolic blood pressure by 3.5 mmHg (95% CI 1.7–5.4) compared with sitting for 8 h uninterrupted. For participants not taking antihypertensive medications, sitting with 3 min of walking every 30 min decreased systolic blood pressure by 5.0 mmHg (95% CI −7.9 to 2.0) and sitting with 3 min bouts light-intensity exercise while standing every 30 min decreased systolic blood pressure by 4.2 mmHg (95% CI −7.2 to −1.3) compared with sitting for 8 h uninterrupted. There was no effect of condition on diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.45) or plasma fibrinogen levels (p = 0.91). Conclusion Frequent, short bouts of light-intensity physical activity decreases systolic blood pressure in stroke survivors. However, before translation into clinical practice, the optimal duration and timing of physical activity bouts needs to be determined. Clinical trial registration Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry http://www.anzctr.org.au ANZTR12615001189516.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie English
- School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
| | - Heidi Janssen
- School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
- Hunter Stroke Service, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Gary Crowfoot
- School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
| | - Josephine Bourne
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Robin Callister
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ashlee Dunn
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, and Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Christopher Oldmeadow
- Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Lin K Ong
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and the Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Kerrin Palazzi
- Clinical Research Design, Information Technology and Statistical Support (CReDITSS), Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Amanda Patterson
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Neil J Spratt
- Department of Neurology, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England Local Health District, Newcastle, Australia
| | - FR Walker
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and the Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- Physical Activity, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Julie Bernhardt
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience, Melboure, Australia
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Kinoshita M, Yokote K, Arai H, Iida M, Ishigaki Y, Ishibashi S, Umemoto S, Egusa G, Ohmura H, Okamura T, Kihara S, Koba S, Saito I, Shoji T, Daida H, Tsukamoto K, Deguchi J, Dohi S, Dobashi K, Hamaguchi H, Hara M, Hiro T, Biro S, Fujioka Y, Maruyama C, Miyamoto Y, Murakami Y, Yokode M, Yoshida H, Rakugi H, Wakatsuki A, Yamashita S. Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2017. J Atheroscler Thromb 2018; 25:846-984. [PMID: 30135334 PMCID: PMC6143773 DOI: 10.5551/jat.gl2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 495] [Impact Index Per Article: 82.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mami Iida
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ishigaki
- Division of Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Seiji Umemoto
- Center for Integrated Medical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | - Hirotoshi Ohmura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Okamura
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kihara
- Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Koba
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Community Health Systems Nursing, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Tsukamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juno Deguchi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Seitaro Dohi
- Chief Health Management Department, Mitsui Chemicals Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Dobashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Masumi Hara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takafumi Hiro
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshio Fujioka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Division of Clinical Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chizuko Maruyama
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyamoto
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Yokode
- Department of Clinical Innovative Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiko Wakatsuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shizuya Yamashita
- Department of Community Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Rinku General Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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Mackenzie K, Such E, Norman P, Goyder E. The development, implementation and evaluation of interventions to reduce workplace sitting: a qualitative systematic review and evidence-based operational framework. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:833. [PMID: 29973188 PMCID: PMC6033205 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged sitting is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, some cancers, musculoskeletal disorders and premature mortality. Workplaces contribute to a large proportion of daily sitting time, particularly among office-based workers. Interventions to reduce workplace sitting therefore represent important public health initiatives. Previous systematic reviews suggest such interventions can be effective but have reported wide variations. Further, there is uncertainty as to whether effectiveness in controlled trials can be replicated when implemented outside the research setting. The aims of this review are to identify factors important for the implementation of workplace sitting interventions and to translate these findings into a useful operational framework to support the future implementation of such interventions. METHODS A qualitative systematic review was conducted. Four health and social science databases were searched for studies set in the workplace, with office-based employees and with the primary aim of reducing workplace sitting. Extracted data were primarily from author descriptions of interventions and their implementation. Inductive thematic analysis and synthesis was undertaken. RESULTS Forty studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine descriptive themes were identified from which emerged three higher-order analytical themes, which related to the development, implementation and evaluation of workplace sitting interventions. Key findings included: the importance of grounding interventions in theory; utilising participative approaches during intervention development and implementation; and conducting comprehensive process and outcome evaluations. There was a general under-reporting of information relating to the context within which workplace sitting interventions were implemented, such as details of local organisation processes and structures, as well as the wider political and economic landscape, which if present would aid the translation of knowledge into "real-world" settings. CONCLUSIONS These findings provided the basis for an operational framework, which is a representation of all nine descriptive themes and three higher-order analytical themes, to support workplace sitting intervention development, implementation and evaluation. Once tested and refined, this framework has the potential to be incorporated into a practical toolkit, which could be used by a range of organisations to develop, implement and evaluate their own interventions to reduce workplace sitting time amongst staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Mackenzie
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA UK
| | - Elizabeth Such
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA UK
| | - Paul Norman
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Cathedral Court, 1 Vicar Lane, Sheffield, S1 2LT UK
| | - Elizabeth Goyder
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Regent Street, Sheffield, S1 4DA UK
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45
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Saunders DH, Mead GE, Fitzsimons C, Kelly P, van Wijck F, Verschuren O, English C. Interventions for reducing sedentary behaviour in people with stroke. Hippokratia 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David H Saunders
- University of Edinburgh; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC); St Leonards Land Holyrood Road Edinburgh Midlothian UK EH8 8AQ
| | - Gillian E Mead
- University of Edinburgh; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences; Room S1642, Royal Infirmary Little France Crescent Edinburgh UK EH16 4SA
| | - Claire Fitzsimons
- University of Edinburgh; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC); St Leonards Land Holyrood Road Edinburgh Midlothian UK EH8 8AQ
| | - Paul Kelly
- University of Edinburgh; Physical Activity for Health Research Centre (PAHRC); St Leonards Land Holyrood Road Edinburgh Midlothian UK EH8 8AQ
| | - Frederike van Wijck
- Glasgow Caledonian University; Institute for Applied Health Research and the School of Health and Life Sciences; Glasgow UK
| | - Olaf Verschuren
- Rehabilitation Centre de Hoogstraat; Rembrandtkade 10 Utrecht Netherlands 3583 TM
| | - Coralie English
- University of Newcastle; School of Health Sciences and Priority Research Centre for Stroke and Brain Injury; University Dr Callaghan NSW Australia 2308
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence in Stroke Rehabilitation and Brain Recovery; Melbourne and Newcastle Australia
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46
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Interaction between physical activity and television time on blood pressure level: cross-sectional data from 45 000 individuals. J Hypertens 2018; 36:1041-1050. [PMID: 29369146 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate if there is an interaction between sitting time and leisure time physical activity on blood pressure and if there are age differences and sex differences in this respect. METHODS Linear regression analysis on cross-sectional data was performed in more than 45 000 men and women from two Swedish cohort studies, EpiHealth (45-75 years) and LifeGene (18-45 years). Self-reported leisure time physical activity was given in five levels from low (level 1) to vigorous physical activity (level 5) and television time was used as a proxy measure of sitting time. RESULTS High physical activity was associated with lower DBP (P = 0.001), but not SBP. Active middle-aged men had lower DBP (-1.1 mmHg; 95% CI -1.7 to -0.4) compared with inactive participants. Prolonged television time was associated with higher SBP (P < 0.001) and DBP (P = 0.011) in both sexes and in most age groups. Watching 3 h instead of 1 h television per day was associated with higher SBP in middle-aged women (SBP: 1.1 mmHg; 95% CI 0.7-1.4) and men (SBP: 1.2 mmHg; 95% CI 0.8-1.6). Only in young men, a high physical activity (level 4 instead of level 1) could compensate for a prolonged television time (3 h per day) in terms of DBP. CONCLUSION Prolonged television time was associated with higher SBP and DBP in both sexes and at most ages, whereas an increased physical activity was mainly associated with a lower DBP. Only in young men, a high physical activity could compensate for prolonged television time regarding DBP.
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Interrupting prolonged sitting with brief bouts of light walking or simple resistance activities reduces resting blood pressure and plasma noradrenaline in type 2 diabetes. J Hypertens 2017; 34:2376-2382. [PMID: 27512975 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prolonged sitting is increasingly recognized as a ubiquitous cardiometabolic risk factor, possibly distinct from lack of physical exercise. We examined whether interrupting prolonged sitting with brief bouts of light-intensity activity reduced blood pressure (BP) and plasma noradrenaline in type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS In a randomized crossover trial, 24 inactive overweight/obese adults with T2D (14 men; mean ± SD; 62 ± 6 years) consumed standardized meals during 3 × 8 h conditions: uninterrupted sitting (SIT); sitting + half-hourly bouts of walking (3.2 km/h for 3-min) (light-intensity walking); and sitting + half-hourly bouts of simple resistance activities for 3 min (SRAs), each separated by 6-14 days washout. Resting seated BP was measured hourly (mean of three recordings, ≥20-min postactivity). Plasma noradrenaline was measured at 30-min intervals for the first hour after meals and hourly thereafter. RESULTS Compared with SIT, mean resting SBP and DBP were significantly reduced (P < 0.001) for both light-intensity walking (mean ± SEM; -14 ± 1/-8 ± 1 mmHg) and SRA (-16 ± 1/-10 ± 1 mmHg), with a more pronounced effect for SRA (P < 0.05 versus light-intensity walking). Similarly, mean plasma noradrenaline was significantly reduced for both light-intensity walking (-0.3 ± 0.1 nmol/l) and SRA (-0.6 ± 0.1 nmol/l) versus SIT, with SRA lower than light-intensity walking (P < 0.05). Mean resting heart rate was lowered by light-intensity walking (-3 ± 1 bpm; P < 0.05), but not SRA (-1 ± 1 bpm). CONCLUSION Interrupting prolonged sitting with brief bouts of light-intensity walking or SRA reduces resting BP and plasma noradrenaline in adults with T2D, with SRA being more effective. Given the ubiquity of sedentary behaviors and poor adherence to structured exercise, this approach may have important implications for BP management in patients with T2D.
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The association between seven-day objectively measured habitual physical activity and 24 h ambulatory blood pressure: the SABPA study. J Hum Hypertens 2017; 31:409-414. [PMID: 28124683 DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined objective physical activity in relation to 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (BP). We aimed to assess the association of 7-day objectively measured habitual physical activity with ambulatory BP in a sample of African and Caucasian school teachers (n=216, age 49.7 years) from the sympathetic activity and blood pressure in Africans prospective cohort study. Hypertension (ambulatory systolic BP⩾130 and/or diastolic BP⩾80 mm Hg) was prevalent in 53.2% of the sample, particularly in black Africans. The hypertensive group spent significantly more awake time in sedentary activity (51.5% vs 40.8% of waking hours, P=0.001), as well as doing less light- (34.1% vs 38.9%, P=0.043) and moderate-intensity (14.0% vs 19.7%, P=0.032) activities compared with normotensives, respectively. In covariate adjusted models, light-intensity activity time was associated with lower 24 h and daytime ambulatory systolic BP (β=-0.15, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.26, -0.05, P=0.004; β=-0.14, CI: -0.24, -0.03, P=0.011) and diastolic BP (β=-0.14, CI: -0.25, -0.03, P=0.015; β=-0.13, CI: -0.24, -0.01, P=0.030), as well as resting systolic BP (β=-0.13, CI: -0.24, -0.01, P=0.028). Sedentary time was associated only with 24 h systolic BP (β=0.12; CI: 0.01, 0.22), which was largely driven by night-time recordings. Participants in the upper sedentary tertile were more likely to be 'non-dippers' (odds ratio=2.11, 95% CI: 0.99, 4.46, P=0.052) compared with the lowest sedentary tertile. There were no associations between moderate to vigorous activity and BP. In conclusion, objectively assessed daily light physical activity was associated with ambulatory BP in a mixed ethnic sample.
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van Ekris E, Altenburg TM, Singh AS, Proper KI, Heymans MW, Chinapaw MJM. An evidence-update on the prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2016; 17:833-49. [PMID: 27256486 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Evidence for adverse health effects of excessive sedentary behaviour in children is predominantly based on cross-sectional studies, measuring TV viewing as proxy for sedentary behaviour. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarizes the evidence on the prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators, overall and stratified by type of sedentary behaviour (TV viewing, computer use/games, screen time and objective sedentary time). PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane were systematically searched till January 2015. Methodological quality of all included studies was scored, and a best evidence synthesis was applied. We included 109 studies of which 19 were of high quality. We found moderate-to-strong evidence for a relationship of overall sedentary time with some anthropometrics (overweight/obesity, weight-for-height), one cardiometabolic biomarker (HDL-cholesterol) and some fitness indicators (fitness, being unfit). For other health indicators, we found no convincing evidence because of inconsistent or non-significant findings. The evidence varied by type of sedentary behaviour. The meta-analysis indicated that each additional baseline hour of TV viewing (β = 0.01, 95%CI = [-0.002; 0.02]) or computer use (β = 0.00, 95%CI = [-0.004; 0.01]) per day was not significantly related with BMI at follow-up. We conclude that the evidence for a prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health is in general unconvincing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E van Ekris
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T M Altenburg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A S Singh
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K I Proper
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M W Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M J M Chinapaw
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Wennman H, Vasankari T, Borodulin K. Where to Sit? Type of Sitting Matters for the Framingham Cardiovascular Risk Score. AIMS Public Health 2016; 3:577-591. [PMID: 29546184 PMCID: PMC5689818 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2016.3.577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence on associations of type-specific sedentary behavior with cardiovascular disease (CVD) is limited to mainly screen-time sedentary behavior (SB). We aimed to study the associations of type-specific and total time spent sitting with the Framingham 10-year cardiovascular disease risk score (Framingham score) in Finnish adults. Methods Data comprise the National FINRISK 2007 and 2012 health examination surveys with 10,185 participants aged 25–74 years, apparently free of CVD. Participants reported average daily time spent sitting in different locations: work-related sitting, at home in front of television (TV), at home in front of computer, in a vehicle, and elsewhere. Total SB time was calculated from these context-specific self-reports. Accelerometer-based sedentary time was assessed in 988 FINRISK 2012 participants. Framingham score was calculated using information on blood pressure and its medication, cholesterol levels, age, diabetes status, and smoking. Analyses were adjusted for age, study year, education, employment status, leisure time physical activity, and body mass index. Results Out of several type-specific sitting behaviors, only TV sitting showed systematic associations with the Framingham score in both genders. The lowest Framingham risk was found for TV sitting from 6 minutes to less than 1 hour daily. Of other types of sitting, computer sitting was inversely associated with the Framingham risk in men only. Total self-reported sitting time did not show significant associations with the Framingham score, but instead higher objectively assessed sedentary time showed higher Framingham risk in men. Conclusions TV sitting showed most systematic associations with CVD risk score. This suggests that of all types of SB, reducing TV sitting should be targeted for reducing CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heini Wennman
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- UKK-Institute for Research and Health Promotion, PO Box 30, FI-33501 Tampere, Finland
| | - Katja Borodulin
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, PO Box 30, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
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