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Mizrahi D, Swain CTV, Bruinsma F, Hodge A, Taylor N, Lynch BM. The Relationship Between Psychological Distress and Physical Activity Is Non-linear and Differs by Domain: a Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Behav Med 2023; 30:673-681. [PMID: 36180761 PMCID: PMC9524734 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-022-10130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence for the relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour and mental health. Limited data exists on sex-specific associations. We aimed to identify associations between PA dose and domain and television time with psychological distress, including sex-stratified models. METHODS A total of 22,176 adults from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study follow-up 2 cohort (2003-2007) participated in this cross-sectional study. Occupational, household, transport, leisure PA, hours watching television and psychological distress were assessed. Restricted cubic splines were used to examine the relationships between PA domains, television viewing time and psychological distress. RESULTS The relationships between PA and psychological distress were non-linear (p < 0.05) and differed by PA domain. There were dose-dependent, inverse associations between distress with transport (B[95% CI] = -0.39[-0.49, -0.30]) and leisure PA (B[95% CI] = -0.35[-0.46, -0.25]). The effect estimates for transport and leisure PA with distress were larger for women. For household domain, a U-shaped curve with an elongated tail was seen. Median PA was associated with lower distress compared with lower quantities (B[95% CI] = -0.12[-0.22, -0.03]); however, this association was not evident with increasing household PA. There were no clear associations between occupational PA and distress. Higher television viewing was associated with higher distress (B[95% CI] = 0.16[0.02, 0.30]). CONCLUSIONS Increasing PA and reducing television viewing may contribute to reduced psychological distress, particularly in women. Future interventions should incorporate leisure and transport PA and decrease television viewing to assess the impact on mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Mizrahi
- The Daffodil Centre, The University of Sydney, a joint venture with Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, Australia
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Fiona Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Allison Hodge
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Natalie Taylor
- School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Brigid M Lynch
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
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2
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Hodkinson A, Kontopantelis E, Adeniji C, van Marwijk H, McMillian B, Bower P, Panagioti M. Interventions Using Wearable Physical Activity Trackers Among Adults With Cardiometabolic Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2116382. [PMID: 34283229 PMCID: PMC9387744 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.16382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Wearable physical activity (PA) trackers, such as accelerometers, fitness trackers, and pedometers, are accessible technologies that may encourage increased PA levels in line with current recommendations. However, whether their use is associated with improvements in PA levels in participants who experience 1 or more cardiometabolic conditions, such as diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, is unknown. OBJECTIVE To assess the association of interventions using wearable PA trackers (accelerometers, fitness trackers, and pedometers) with PA levels and other health outcomes in adults with cardiometabolic conditions. DATA SOURCES For this systematic review and meta-analysis, searches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PsycINFO were performed from January 1, 2000, until December 31, 2020, with no language restriction. A combination of Medical Subject Heading terms and text words of diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, pedometers, accelerometers, and Fitbits were used. STUDY SELECTION Randomized clinical trials or cluster randomized clinical trials that evaluated the use of wearable PA trackers, such as pedometers, accelerometers, or fitness trackers, were included. Trials were excluded if they assessed the trackers only as measuring tools of PA before and after another intervention, they required participants to be hospitalized, assessors were not blinded to the trackers, or they used a tracker to measure the effect of a pharmacological treatment on PA among individuals. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was mean difference in PA levels. When the scale was different across studies, standardized mean differences were calculated. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic and explored using mixed-effects metaregression. RESULTS A total of 38 randomized clinical trials with 4203 participants were eligible in the systematic review; 29 trials evaluated pedometers, and 9 evaluated accelerometers or fitness trackers. Four studies did not provide amenable outcome data, leaving 34 trials (3793 participants) for the meta-analysis. Intervention vs comparator analysis showed a significant association of wearable tracker use with increased PA levels overall (standardized mean difference, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.46-0.97; I2 = 88%; 95% CI, 84.3%-90.8%; P < .001) in studies with short to medium follow-up for median of 15 (range, 12-52) weeks. Multivariable metaregression showed an association between increased PA levels and interventions that involved face-to-face consultations with facilitators (23 studies; β = -0.04; 95% CI, -0.11 to -0.01), included men (23 studies; β = 0.48; 95% CI, 0.01-0.96), and assessed pedometer-based interventions (26 studies; β = 0.20; 95% CI, 0.02-0.32). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this systematic review and meta-analysis, interventions that combined wearable activity trackers with health professional consultations were associated with significant improvements in PA levels among people with cardiometabolic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hodkinson
- National Institute for Health Research, School
for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Kontopantelis
- National Institute for Health Research, School
for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Adeniji
- National Institute for Health Research, School
for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Harm van Marwijk
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health,
Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Brighton, Brighton, United
Kingdom
| | - Brian McMillian
- National Institute for Health Research, School
for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bower
- National Institute for Health Research, School
for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panagioti
- National Institute for Health Research, School
for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of
Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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3
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de Souto Barreto P, Vellas B, Rolland Y. Physical activity and exercise in the context of SARS-Cov-2: A perspective from geroscience field. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 66:101258. [PMID: 33450400 PMCID: PMC8042847 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent pandemics of the SARS-Cov-2 has pushed physical activity (PA) and exercise at the forefront of the discussion, since PA is associated with a reduced risk of developing all the chronic diseases strongly associated with severe cases of SARS-Cov-2 and exercise is considered a complimentary therapeutics for the treatment of these age-related conditions. The mechanisms through which PA and exercise could contribute to reduce the severity of the SARS-Cov-2 infection would be multiple, including their capacity to boost the immune system, but also their global effect on slowing down the progression of the aging process. The present perspective presents a discussion on how PA and exercise might hypothetically be linked with SARS-Cov-2 infection, current scientific gaps and shortcomings as well as recommendations for advancing research in this area, placing the debate in the context of aging and gerosciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; UPS/Inserm UMR1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; UPS/Inserm UMR1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; UPS/Inserm UMR1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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4
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Stassen G, Rudolf K, Gernert M, Thiel A, Schaller A. Questionnaire choice affects the prevalence of recommended physical activity: an online survey comparing four measuring instruments within the same sample. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:95. [PMID: 33413280 PMCID: PMC7791658 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-10113-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since prevalence estimates of recommended physical activity (PA) considerably vary between different surveys, prevalence might be crucially affected by the choice of measuring instrument. The aim of the present study is to compare the results of four PA questionnaires regarding the current moderate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic PA (MVPA) recommendations of the World Health Organization. METHODS Within an online survey, participants answered the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS), the European Health Interview Survey PA Questionnaire (EHIS), the Eurobarometer (EURO), and a single-item measure (SIM). Weekly volume of MVPA was compared via a Friedman test and the prevalence of participants achieving the WHO's MVPA recommendation via Cochran's Q. Agreement between all questionnaire pairs was evaluated via Kappa statistics. RESULTS One hundred seventy-six participants were included in the analyses (70.5% female, mean age: 33.1 years (SD=12.2)). Between the four questionnaires, the weekly volume of MVPA statistically significant differed (SIM: MED=90.0 (MIN=0.0, MAX=210.0), DEGS: MED=120.0 (MIN=0.0, MAX=420.0), EHIS: MED=24.0 (MIN=0.0, MAX=1395.0), EURO: MED=51.0 (MIN=0.0, MAX=2430.0), p<.001, all pairwise comparisons p<.01), as well as the prevalence of participants achieving the MVPA recommendations (SIM 31.3% (95% CI 24.5-38.7), DEGS 43.2% (95% CI 35.8-50.8), EHIS 67.0% (95% CI 59.6-73.9), EURO 87.5% (95% CI 81.7-92.0), p<.001), except between SIM and DEGS (p=.067). Agreement was weak between all questionnaire pairs (all κ< 0.60). CONCLUSIONS Questionnaire choice crucially affects the resulting MVPA data and hence the prevalence of achieving recommended PA levels within the same sample. Therefore, for PA surveillance, standardised survey and analysis methods and efforts to harmonise monitoring systems are needed, since whether recommended levels of PA are achieved should not be determined by the choice of one measuring instrument or another.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Stassen
- Working Group Physical Activity-Related Prevention Research, Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Kevin Rudolf
- Department of Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation Sciences, Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Madeleine Gernert
- Working Group Physical Activity-Related Prevention Research, Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ansgar Thiel
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 124, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
- Interfaculty Research Institute for Sport and Physical Activity, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 124, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Schaller
- Working Group Physical Activity-Related Prevention Research, Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-Oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Cologne, Germany
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5
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Swain CTV, Bassett JK, Hodge AM, Bruinsma FJ, Mahmood S, Jayasekara H, Macinnis RJ, Giles GG, Milne RL, English DR, Lynch BM. Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Pain Interference, and Muscle Pain after Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:2145-2151. [PMID: 32936592 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Using the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, we examined the associations of occupation, household, transport, and leisure physical activity with pain interference with normal work and muscle pain after activity. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 7655 working and 11,766 nonworking participants. Physical activity was assessed using the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Pain interference was assessed with the Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey version 2.0, and muscle pain after activity was assessed using the 12-item Somatic and Psychological Health Report. Ordered logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and restricted cubic splines were used to graphically represent the shape of associations. RESULTS All physical activity domain-pain outcome associations were nonlinear. Compared with participants who reported the lowest level of activity, participants who reported the median level of transport physical activity (10 MET·h·wk) reported less pain interference (workers: OR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.77-0.97]; nonworkers: OR, 0.88 [95% CI, 0.79-0.97]) and muscle pain after activity (workers: OR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.70-0.95]; nonworkers: OR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.77-0.95]). Higher levels of leisure time activity (20 MET·h·wk) were associated with less pain interference in nonworkers (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77-0.98) and muscle pain after activity in workers (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.56-0.80). Workers who reported the median level of household activity (16 MET·h·wk) had increased pain interference (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.07-1.32) and muscle pain after activity (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.06-1.42) than did those who reported the least household activity. CONCLUSIONS Associations between domain-specific physical activity and pain outcomes were not uniform. Within the transport and leisure domains, physical activity was inversely associated with pain-related outcomes, whereas household physical activity was positively associated with pain scores within the working sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julie K Bassett
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
| | | | - Fiona J Bruinsma
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
| | - Shahid Mahmood
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA
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6
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Carbonell-Hernández L, Pastor D, Jiménez-Loaisa A, Ballester-Ferrer JA, Montero-Carretero C, Cervelló E. Lack of Correlation between Accelerometers and Heart-Rate Monitorization during Exercise Session in Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155518. [PMID: 32751725 PMCID: PMC7432703 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aging is increasing worldwide; hence, aging-related health is also more relevant. Well-programmed physical exercise is now an indispensable tool to achieve active aging and preserve older people’s health. Such “well-programmed” exercise requires efficient and useful tools to measure the activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of accelerometers to estimate two different intensities of physical exercise in older people. Thirty-eight subjects (64.5 ± 5.3 years) were measured during two different sessions of physical exercise: one moderate in intensity, the other of low intensity. Heart rate and accelerometry were recorded and analyzed. The results showed that the two variables in the physical exercise sessions were not highly correlated, and that accelerometry did not seem useful to assess low-intensity sessions not based on walking.
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7
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Physical Impairments Disrupt the Association Between Physical Activity and Loneliness: A Longitudinal Study. J Aging Phys Act 2019; 27:787-796. [DOI: 10.1123/japa.2018-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study explores the association between physical activity (PA), loneliness, and the presence of physical chronic impairments among single older adults. A longitudinal study (N = 575; mean age 76 ± 8 years) was conducted. The association between self-reported weekly minutes of moderate to vigorous PA, loneliness, and presence of physical impairments was assessed with multilevel analyses at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Improvements in moderate to vigorous PA were associated with decreases in loneliness (B = −0.09, SE = 0.04, p = .020); this association became nonsignificant when including the presence of physical impairments in the analyses (p = .824), which in itself was positively associated with loneliness (B = 0.51, SE = 0.10, p < .001). Findings indicate that physical impairments have a larger influence on loneliness than the level of PA. Interventions targeting PA and loneliness should tailor specifically to physical impairments.
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8
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Hodkinson A, Kontopantelis E, Adeniji C, van Marwijk H, McMillan B, Bower P, Panagioti M. Accelerometer- and Pedometer-Based Physical Activity Interventions Among Adults With Cardiometabolic Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e1912895. [PMID: 31596494 PMCID: PMC6802237 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Accelerometers and pedometers are accessible technologies that could have a role in encouraging physical activity (PA) in line with current recommendations. However, there is no solid evidence of their association with PA in participants with 1 or more cardiometabolic conditions such as diabetes, prediabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Objectives To assess the association of accelerometer- and pedometer-based interventions with increased activity and other improved health outcomes in adults with cardiometabolic conditions and to examine characteristics of the studies that could influence the association of both interventions in improving PA. Data Sources Records from MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health, and PsycINFO were searched from inception until August 2018 with no language restriction. Study Selection Randomized clinical trials or cluster randomized clinical trials evaluating the use of wearable technology devices such as pedometers and accelerometers as motivating and monitoring tools for increasing PA were included. After removing duplicates, the searches retrieved 5762 references. Following abstract and title screening of 1439 references and full-text screening of 107 studies, 36 studies met inclusion criteria. Data Extraction and Synthesis Mean difference in PA was assessed by random-effects meta-analysis. Where the scale was different across studies, the standardized mean difference was used instead. Heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic and explored using mixed-effects metaregression. This study was registered with PROSPERO and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was objectively measured PA in the short to medium term (postintervention to 8 months' follow-up). Results Thirty-six randomized clinical trials (20 using accelerometers and 16 using pedometers) involving 5208 participants were eligible for review. Meta-analysis involving 32 of these trials (4856 participants) showed medium improvements in PA: accelerometers and pedometers combined vs comparator showed a small significant increase in PA overall (standardized mean difference, 0.39 [95% CI, 0.28-0.51]; I2 = 60% [95% CI, 41%-73%]) in studies of short to medium follow-up over a mean (SD) of 32 (28.6) weeks. Multivariable metaregression showed improved association with PA for complex interventions that involved face-to-face consultation sessions with facilitators (β = 0.36; 95% CI, 0.17-0.55; P < .001) and pedometer-based interventions (β = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.08-0.52; P = .002). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, complex accelerometer- and pedometer-based interventions led to significant small to medium improvements in PA levels of people with cardiometabolic conditions. However, longer-term trials are needed to assess their performance over time. This study found no evidence that simple self-monitored interventions using either pedometers or accelerometers are associated with improvements in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hodkinson
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelos Kontopantelis
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Charles Adeniji
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Harm van Marwijk
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Brian McMillan
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bower
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panagioti
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
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9
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Rios JL, Ko L, Joumaa V, Liu S, Diefenthaeler F, Sawatsky A, Hart DA, Reimer RA, Herzog W. The mechanical and biochemical properties of tail tendon in a rat model of obesity: Effect of moderate exercise and prebiotic fibre supplementation. J Biomech 2019; 88:148-154. [PMID: 30954249 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The worldwide trajectory of increasing obesity rates is a major health problem precipitating a rise in the prevalence of a variety of co-morbidities and chronic diseases. Tendinopathy, in weight and non-weight bearing tendons, in individuals with overweight or obesity has been linked to metabolic dysfunction resulting from obesity. Exercise and dietary fibre supplementation (DFS) are common countermeasures to combat obesity and therefore it seems reasonable to assume that they might protect tendons from structural and mechanical damage in a diet-induced obesity (DIO) model. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of a DIO, DIO combined with moderate exercise, DIO combined with DFS (prebiotic oligofructose), and DIO combined with moderate exercise and DFS on the mechanical and biochemical properties of the rat tail tendon. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats, fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet were randomized into a sedentary, a moderate exercise, a DFS, or a moderate exercise combined with DFS group for 12 weeks. Additionally, six lean age-matched animals were included as a sedentary control group. DIO in combination with exercise alone and with exercise and DFS reduced the Young's Modulus but not the collagen content of the rat tail tendons compared to lean control animals. However, no differences in the mechanical and biochemical properties of the rat tail tendon were detected between the DIO and the lean control group, suggesting that DIO by itself did not impact the tail tendon. It seems that longer DIO exposure periods may be needed to develop overt differences in our DIO model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline L Rios
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada; CAPES Foundation, DF, Brazil; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Loretta Ko
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Venus Joumaa
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Shuyue Liu
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Fernando Diefenthaeler
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada; CAPES Foundation, DF, Brazil; Biomechanics Laboratory, Centre of Sports, Federal University of Santa Catarina, SC, Brazil.
| | - Andrew Sawatsky
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - David A Hart
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, AB, Canada; Centre for Hip Health and Mobility, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada.
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, AB, Canada; McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
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10
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Rios JL, Bomhof MR, Reimer RA, Hart DA, Collins KH, Herzog W. Protective effect of prebiotic and exercise intervention on knee health in a rat model of diet-induced obesity. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3893. [PMID: 30846801 PMCID: PMC6405910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40601-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, and associated metabolic syndrome, have been identified as primary risk factors for the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA), representing nearly 60% of the OA patient population. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of prebiotic fibre supplementation, aerobic exercise, and the combination of the two interventions, on the development of metabolic knee osteoarthritis in a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) diet-induced rat model of obesity. Twelve-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups: a non-exercising control group fed a standard chow diet, a non-exercising group fed a HFS diet, a non-exercising group fed a HFS diet combined with prebiotic fibre supplement, an exercise group fed a HFS diet, and an exercise group fed a HFS diet combined with prebiotic fibre supplement. Outcome measures included knee joint damage, percent body fat, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid profile, serum endotoxin, serum and synovial fluid cytokines and adipokines, and cecal microbiota. Prebiotic fibre supplementation, aerobic exercise, and the combination of the two interventions completely prevented knee joint damage that is otherwise observed in this rat model of obesity. Prevention of knee damage was associated with a normalization of insulin resistance, leptin levels, dyslipidemia, gut microbiota, and endotoxemia in the HFS-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Lourdes Rios
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Marc R Bomhof
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Raylene A Reimer
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - David A Hart
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kelsey H Collins
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Walter Herzog
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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11
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Abstract
The purpose of this article was to discuss guidelines for the management of the most prevalent chronic diseases treated by primary care physicians (PCPs) in order to identify the best exercise regimen for each clinical population, and to provide preliminary guidance for primary care providers on exercise counselling in the 'real-world' context of multimorbidity. After a search of the PubMed electronic database, the 11 most prevalent conditions currently treated by PCPs were identified. The recommendations provided by recognised learned/scientific societies for the management of each disease were then examined and any recommendations involving physical activity and exercise were identified. It was found that the best exercise regimen (i.e. exercise type, intensity, duration, and frequency) was very similar across chronic diseases, which suggests that elaborating and implementing a standardised, minimum exercise guideline for multimorbid patients in primary care may be an alternative approach to time-costly individualised exercise prescriptions. Based on this finding, I propose an example of standardised, cross-disease exercise prescription, and discuss how such a prescription could be operationalised by PCPs in their routine clinical practice.
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Visualizing Physical Activity Patterns among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Sports (Basel) 2018; 6:sports6040135. [PMID: 30380724 PMCID: PMC6316774 DOI: 10.3390/sports6040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity relates to physical and mental functioning in older people, and promoting physical activity has the potential to substantially reduce functional decline and improve well-being. Despite this, investigations of the physical activity quotient through participation in functional activities in everyday life have traditionally gained limited focus among older populations compared to leisure-time physical activity and exercise. Considering the accumulated evidence of the health benefits of low-intensity physical activity, exploring and measuring such activities in this population is highly relevant. The aim of this study was to visualize and describe older people’s physical activity patterns in daily life using a time-geographic approach in combination with the estimation of metabolic equivalents (METS). To exemplify the new method, a sample of nine retired men (65–82 years old, mean age 76.4 ± 5.8) with no homecare services from the municipality was recruited. In order to enable a visual analysis of the physical activity patterns in daily life, we developed the VISUAL-PA software, which is a visual analysis tool that includes METS to account for intensity and enables the analysis of distinct types and domains of physical activity. The VISUAL-PA software creates graphic outputs of physical activity patterns that enable the identification, visualization, and analysis of distinct types and intensities of physical activity in addition to sedentary behavior. The use of VISUAL-PA can contribute to a broader understanding of the complexity in physical activity patterns among older adults in terms of dimensions such as activity patterns and habits, domains, and intensity level. To strengthen the public health strategies that promote health and an active lifestyle, additional knowledge about physical activity patterns is necessary. Moreover, the visualization of physical activity can enable reflections on and awareness of activity habits and preferences, and thus facilitate behavior changes in older individuals.
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Füzéki E, Banzer W. Physical Activity Recommendations for Health and Beyond in Currently Inactive Populations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15051042. [PMID: 29789470 PMCID: PMC5982081 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15051042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Widespread persistent inactivity makes continued efforts in physical activity promotion a persistent challenge. The precise content of physical activity recommendations is not broadly known, and there are concerns that the general messaging of the guidelines, including the recommendations to perform at least 150 min of at least moderate intensity physical activity per week might seem unattainable for and even actually discourage currently inactive people. Here we show that there are a myriad of ways of being physically active, and provide (in part) out-of-the-box examples of evidence based, pragmatic, easily accessible physical activity regimes below 150 min and/or with lower than moderate intensity that yield meaningful health benefits for currently inactive people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Füzéki
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60487 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60487 Frankfurt, Germany.
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Quantifying the Effects of Different Treadmill Training Speeds and Durations on the Health of Rat Knee Joints. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2018; 4:15. [PMID: 29610999 PMCID: PMC5880791 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-018-0127-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Walking and running provide cyclical loading to the knee which is thought essential for joint health within a physiological window. However, exercising outside the physiological window, e.g. excessive cyclical loading, may produce loading conditions that could be detrimental to joint health and lead to injury and, ultimately, osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a stepwise increase in speed and duration of treadmill training on knee joint integrity and to identify the potential threshold for joint damage. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups: no exercise, moderate duration, high duration, and extra high duration treadmill exercise. The treadmill training consisted of a 12-week progressive program. Following the intervention period, histologic serial sections of the left knee were graded using a modified Mankin Histology Scoring System. Mechanical testing of the tibial plateau cartilage and RT-qPCR analysis of mRNA from the fat pad, patellar tendon, and synovium were performed for the right knee. Kruskal-Wallis testing was used to assess differences between groups for all variables. Results There were no differences in cartilage integrity or mechanical properties between groups and no differences in mRNA from the fat pad and patellar tendon. However, COX-2 mRNA levels in the synovium were lower for all animals in the exercise intervention groups compared to those in the no exercise group. Conclusions Therefore, these exercise protocols did not exceed the joint physiological window and can likely be used safely in aerobic exercise intervention studies without affecting knee joint health.
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Childhood Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Occupational, Leisure-Time, and Household Physical Activity, and Diabetes in Adulthood. J Phys Act Health 2017; 14:766-772. [PMID: 28513316 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2016-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular physical activity is a key way to prevent disease. However, we have a limited understanding of the socioeconomic precursors and glucoregulatory sequelae of engaging in physical activity in different domains. METHODS We examined the associations among life course socioeconomic disadvantage; meeting the physical activity guidelines with leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity, or household physical activity; and prediabetes and diabetes in the Midlife in the United States national study (N = 986). RESULTS Childhood disadvantage was associated with lower odds of meeting the guidelines with leisure-time physical activity (odds ratio = 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.65-0.86). Adulthood disadvantage was associated with higher odds of meeting the guidelines with occupational physical activity (odds ratio = 1.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.49-2.53). Importantly, while meeting the guidelines with leisure-time physical activity was associated with lower odds of prediabetes and diabetes, we found no evidence for associations among occupational physical activity, household physical activity, and glucoregulation. CONCLUSION Current US physical activity guidelines do not differentiate between physical activity for leisure or work, assuming that physical activity in any domain confers comparable health benefits. We documented important differences in the associations among lifetime socioeconomic disadvantage, physical activity domain, and diabetes, suggesting that physical activity domain potentially belongs in the guidelines, similar to other characteristics of activity (eg, type, intensity).
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de Souto Barreto P, Andrieu S, Rolland Y, Vellas B. Physical activity domains and cognitive function over three years in older adults with subjective memory complaints: Secondary analysis from the MAPT trial. J Sci Med Sport 2017; 21:52-57. [PMID: 28802628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations of physical activity (PA) domains (i.e., PA in leisure-time (LTPA), for housework (HPA), or for gardening (GPA)) with cognitive function in older adults with subjective memory complaints (no-dementia) and to investigate if those associations were dependent on the status of apolipoprotein E allele 4 (APOE4), omega-3 levels and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN Observational prospective secondary analysis using longitudinal data from a randomized controlled trial. METHODS Participants were 420 French community-dwelling people (aged 75.6±4.4; 66.4% women) randomized into the placebo group. They were assessed at baseline, 6-, 12-, 24- and 36-month using a battery of neuropsychological tests; a composite cognitive Z score was elaborated for all time points. Data on PA come from baseline and was obtained using a self-reported questionnaire. RESULTS In time-adjusted analysis, LTPA significantly predicted cognitive function over three years for almost all tests and the composite Z score, with higher LTPA associated with better function; multivariate analysis showed a significant association only for verbal fluency. HPA was not associated to cognitive function, whereas GPA had mixed results. The magnitude of the PA-cognition associations was very weak, being the strongest for LTPA. Stratified analyses showed that the associations between PA and cognitive function were stronger for MCI, people with normal omega-3 index levels, and APOE4 non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS PA domain is an important aspect to take into account when examining the associations between PA and cognitive function. Biomarkers of cognitive function may modulate the PA-cognition associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipe de Souto Barreto
- University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Gérontopôle, Institute on Aging, France; University of Toulouse III, Inserm/UPS UMR1027, France.
| | - Sandrine Andrieu
- University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Gérontopôle, Institute on Aging, France; University of Toulouse III, Inserm/UPS UMR1027, France
| | - Yves Rolland
- University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Gérontopôle, Institute on Aging, France; University of Toulouse III, Inserm/UPS UMR1027, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Gérontopôle, Institute on Aging, France; University of Toulouse III, Inserm/UPS UMR1027, France
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Silva KS, Garcia LMT, Rabacow FM, de Rezende LFM, de Sá TH. Physical activity as part of daily living: Moving beyond quantitative recommendations. Prev Med 2017; 96:160-162. [PMID: 27840115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to discuss a paradigm shift towards a broader understanding of physical activity (PA) as part of daily living and, therefore, a different approach for PA guidelines, research, and promotion. To this aim, we centered the discussion in two topics: 1) PA: from a restricted view to a broader phenomenon; and 2) Recommendations for PA: moving beyond minutes and dose-response. A holistic understanding of PA and its relationship with health is not possible unless it is considered values, meanings, and symbols that impregnate the human behavior linked to the modes of living of a given people. If we do believe that PA is a behavior essential to human life, we must align our actions to our speech. However, current guidelines, as well as in most policies and programs of PA is largely portrayed as a way to attain longer life expectancy and less diseases, which runs against our consolidated understanding of PA as part of our everyday life. New guidelines could focus on how, when, why, where, and with whom we include PA in our daily lives, based on a day-long approach, instead of how much we should do in order to prevent non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Samara Silva
- Federal University of Santa Catarina Sports Center, Campus Universitário Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Fabiana Maluf Rabacow
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, São Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Hérick de Sá
- University of São Paulo, School of Public Health, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil
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de Souto Barreto P, Cesari M, Andrieu S, Vellas B, Rolland Y. Physical Activity and Incident Chronic Diseases: A Longitudinal Observational Study in 16 European Countries. Am J Prev Med 2017; 52:373-378. [PMID: 27746011 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2016.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The minimum frequency of physical activity associated with reduced risk for onset of several chronic diseases is not well established. Therefore, this study examined, in a large sample of citizens from 16 European countries, the predictive value of physical activity frequency and intensity on the incidence of heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer of any subtype, breast cancer, and colon/rectum cancer. METHODS Using data from the longitudinal Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe, the long-term associations of physical activity with incident diseases in people aged ≥50 years were investigated. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for potential confounders were performed for each disease. Data were collected between 2004 and 2013 and analyzed in 2015. RESULTS Compared with people who never do physical activity, those doing vigorous physical activity once a week had a reduced risk of developing heart diseases (hazard ratio=0.80; 95% CI=0.70, 0.91), whereas those doing moderate physical activity once a week had a reduced risk of developing diabetes (hazard ratio=0.80; 95% CI=0.68, 0.95) and cerebrovascular diseases (hazard ratio=0.73; 95% CI 0.58, 0.91). The magnitude of the associations increased with higher frequencies for both moderate and vigorous physical activity. Consistent results were obtained in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Doing physical activity once a week, which is less than current recommendations in terms of frequency, is associated with reduced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and diabetes among middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France;; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France;; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Andrieu
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France;; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France;; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, University Hospital of Toulouse (CHU-Toulouse), Toulouse, France;; UMR INSERM 1027, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Villumsen M, Madeleine P, Jørgensen MB, Holtermann A, Samani A. The variability of the trunk forward bending in standing activities during work vs. leisure time. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 58:273-280. [PMID: 27633222 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High level of occupational physical activity (PA), contrary to leisure time activities, is generally associated with detrimental health outcomes. We hypothesized that this contrast may be associated with a different pattern of exposure variability in PA, e.g., forward bending of the trunk. The study was conducted on 657 blue-collar workers. Two accelerometers were used to identify the body posture and forward bending of the trunk during work and leisure time. The pattern of forward bending was analyzed using exposure variation analysis (EVA). The recordings comprised of 2.6 ± 0.97 working days in average, with 19.9 ± 8.1 h work and 22.9 ± 8.9 h leisure. The standard deviation and entropy of the EVA profile indicated 11% and 6% (for about 80% of subjects) less variable pattern during work compared with the leisure time, respectively. These new findings contribute to the understanding the paradoxical outcomes of PA during work and leisure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Villumsen
- Physical Activity and Human Performance - SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark; The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Physiotherapy, University College of Northern Denmark, Aalborg, Selma Lagerløfs Vej 2, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Pascal Madeleine
- Physical Activity and Human Performance - SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marie Birk Jørgensen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Physical Activity and Health in Work Life, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Afshin Samani
- Physical Activity and Human Performance - SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7, DK-9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Pietrzak M. Adhesive capsulitis: An age related symptom of metabolic syndrome and chronic low-grade inflammation? Med Hypotheses 2016; 88:12-7. [PMID: 26880627 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adhesive capsulitis (AC) is very poorly understood, particularly it's underlying etiology. Obesity and metabolic syndrome, which are strongly associated with chronic low grade inflammation, are becoming increasingly understood to underlie a raft of morbid states including upper limb pain syndromes, diabetes (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer and central nervous system dysfunction and degeneration. Notwithstanding age, two of the strongest established risk factors for AC are DM and CVD. The hypothesis argues that similar to DM and CVD, the inflammation and capsular fibrosis seen in AC is precipitated by metabolic syndrome and chronic low grade inflammation. These pathophysiological mechanisms are highly likely to be perpetuated by upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, sympathetic dominance of autonomic balance, and neuro-immune activation. The hypothesis predicts and describes how these processes may etiologically underpin and induce each sub-classification of AC. An improved understanding of the etiology of AC may lead to more accurate diagnosis, improved management, treatment outcomes, and reduce or prevent pain, disability and suffering associated with the disease. The paper follows on with a discussion of similarities between the pathophysiology of AC to general systemic inflammatory control mechanisms whereby connective tissue (CT) fibrosis is induced as a storage depot for leukocytes and chronic inflammatory cells. The potential role of hyaluronic acid (HA), the primary component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and CT, in the pathophysiology of AC is also discussed with potential treatment implications. Lastly, a biochemical link between physical and mental health through the ECM is described and the concept of a periventricular-limbic central driver of CT dysfunction is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Pietrzak
- University of Bath, Claverton Down Road, Bath, North East Somerset, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
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