1
|
Fisher KA, Epstein MM, Nguyen N, Fouayzi H, Crawford S, Linas BP, Mazor KM. COVID-19 clinical trials: who is likely to participate and why? J Comp Eff Res 2024; 13:e230181. [PMID: 39045844 PMCID: PMC11287768 DOI: 10.57264/cer-2023-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To identify factors associated with willingness to participate in a COVID-19 clinical trial and reasons for and against participating. Materials & methods: We surveyed Massachusetts (MA, USA) residents online using the Dynata survey platform and via phone using random digit dialing between October and November 2021. Respondents were asked to imagine they were hospitalized with COVID-19 and invited to participate in a treatment trial. We assessed willingness to participate by asking, "Which way are you leaning" and why. We used multivariate logistic regression to model factors associated with leaning toward participation. Open-ended responses were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: Of 1071 respondents, 65.6% leaned toward participating. Multivariable analyses revealed college-education (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.27), trust in the healthcare system (OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.58) and relying on doctors (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.45, 2.17) and family or friends (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.54) to make health decisions were significantly associated with leaning toward participating. Respondents with lower health literacy (OR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.36, 0.91) and who identify as Black (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.68), Hispanic (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.98), or republican (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.97) were significantly less likely to lean toward participating. Common reasons for participating included helping others, benefitting oneself and deeming the study low risk. Common reasons for leaning against were deeming the study high risk, disliking experimental treatments and not wanting to be a guinea pig. Conclusion: Our finding that vulnerable individuals and those with lower levels of trust in the healthcare system are less likely to be receptive to participating in a COVID-19 clinical trial highlights that work is needed to achieve a healthcare system that provides confidence to historically disadvantaged groups that their participation in research will benefit their community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Fisher
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Mara M Epstein
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Ngoc Nguyen
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Hassan Fouayzi
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Sybil Crawford
- Tan Chingfen Graduate School of Nursing, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Benjamin P Linas
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, & Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Kathleen M Mazor
- Division of Health Systems Science, Department of Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hung L, Park J, Levine H, Call D, Celeste D, Lacativa D, Riley B, Riley N, Zhao Y. Technology-based group exercise interventions for people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment: A scoping review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305266. [PMID: 38870211 PMCID: PMC11175425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Older people living with dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are more vulnerable to experiencing social isolation and loneliness due to their cognitive and physical impairments. Increasingly integrating technology into group exercises contributed to the improved resilience and well-being of older adults living with dementia and MCI. The purpose of this scoping review was to identify the various types, feasibility, outcome measures, and impacts of technology-based group exercise interventions for people with dementia or MCI. We utilized the Joanna Briggs Institute approach, a three-step process. A comprehensive literature search on five databases-CINAHL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycInfo-until January 2024 yielded 1,585 publications; the final review included 14 publications that recruited a total of 379 participants, with mean age of 69 (SD = 4.21) years to 87.07 (SD = 3.92) years. Analysis of data showed three types of technology-based group exercise interventions for people with dementia or MCI: (a) exergames, (b) virtual cycling or kayak paddling, and (c) video-conferencing platforms. In addition, we identified three key impacts: (a) feasibility and accessibility; (b) physical, psychosocial, and cognitive benefits; and (c) adaptations necessary for persons with dementia or MCI. Our study suggests that technology-based group exercise interventions are feasible and acceptable to persons with dementia or MCI. Future studies should involve individuals with dementia and their caregivers in the design and implementation of technology-based group exercise programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Hung
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- IDEA Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Juyong Park
- Phyllis & Harvey Sandler School of Social Work, College of Social Work & Criminal Justice, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hannah Levine
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Marcus Institute of Integrative Health at FAU Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, United States of America
| | - David Call
- Independent Patient Partner, Panama, Florida, United States of America
| | - Diane Celeste
- Independent Family Partner, Panama, Florida, United States of America
| | - Dierdre Lacativa
- Independent Family Partner, Panama, Florida, United States of America
| | - Betty Riley
- Independent Family Partner, Panama, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nathanul Riley
- Independent Patient Partner, Panama, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yong Zhao
- IDEA Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schaake R, Leopold I, Sandberg A, Zenk B, Shafer L, Yu D, Lu X, Theingi S, Udongwo A, Cohen GS, Maresky HS. Virtual Reality for the Management of Pain and Anxiety for IR Procedures: A Prospective, Randomized, Pilot Study on Digital Sedation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2024; 35:825-833. [PMID: 38484911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the analgesic and anxiolytic effects of virtual reality (VR) augmentation in patients undergoing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) placement or fine-needle aspiration thyroid biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective, single-center randomized controlled trial with 107 patients enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to receive standard of care (SOC) or SOC+VR during PICC or thyroid biopsy procedures. Pain and anxiety were individually measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) before and after the procedure. Vital signs including heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded. One-way analysis of variance test and Games-Howell post hoc analysis were used to assess effect size and statistical significance between SOC and SOC+VR measures. RESULTS The PICC cohort consisted of 59 patients (33 in SOC+VR and 26 in SOC), with a median age of 53.1 years (interquartile range [IQR], 38.3-62.7 years). The thyroid biopsy cohort consisted of 48 patients (26 in SOC+VR and 22 in SOC), with a median age of 60.1 years (IQR, 49.0-67.2 years). One-way analysis of individuals undergoing thyroid biopsies with adjunctive VR revealed an effect size of -1.74 points (SE ± 0.71; P = .018) on VAS pain scale when compared with SOC. Analysis of individuals undergoing PICC placements revealed an effect size of -1.60 points (SE ± 0.81; P = .053) on VAS anxiety when compared with SOC. CONCLUSIONS VR as a nonpharmacologic adjunct reduced some procedure-related pain and anxiety without increasing the procedural duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Schaake
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Ian Leopold
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Sandberg
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brianna Zenk
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - London Shafer
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Daohai Yu
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Xiaoning Lu
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shunn Theingi
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Angela Udongwo
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Gary S Cohen
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hillel S Maresky
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Weinstein ER, Puccinelli M, Cardenas N, Safren SA, Harkness A. PrEP to Party: Exploring MSM's PrEP Use and Interest in the Context of Sexually Themed Events. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:1384-1389. [PMID: 37982942 PMCID: PMC10947865 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-023-04225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Sexually themed events present a unique opportunity for scaling up pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to men who have sex with men (MSM). This study descriptively explored PrEP uptake among MSM who anticipated attending a week-long major South Florida sexually themed event and examined potential facilitators and barriers to PrEP engagement among potential attendees. Of the participating HIV-negative MSM (n = 96), 66.7% were currently taking PrEP. Prior attendance at sexually themed events was significantly associated with current PrEP engagement and almost 75% of HIV-negative MSM not on PrEP reported high interest in taking PrEP if offered for free at future events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elliott R Weinstein
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 784, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
| | - Marc Puccinelli
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 784, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Nicolas Cardenas
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 784, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 784, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Audrey Harkness
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Fl, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martinez-Ruiz A, Yates S, Cheung G, Cullum S. Living with Dementia in Aotearoa (LiDiA): A Feasibility Study for a Dementia Prevalence Study in Māori and Non-Māori Living in New Zealand. DEMENTIA 2024; 23:343-365. [PMID: 37137731 PMCID: PMC11041074 DOI: 10.1177/14713012231173012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent estimations have projected a threefold increase in dementia prevalence in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) by 2050, particularly in Maori and Pacific peoples. However, to date, there are no national data on dementia prevalence, and overseas data are used to estimate the NZ dementia statistics. The aim of this feasibility study was to prepare the groundwork for the first full-scale NZ dementia prevalence study that is representative of Māori, European, Pacific and Asian peoples living in NZ. METHODS The main feasibility issues were: (i) Sampling to ensure adequate community representation from the included ethnic groups, (ii) Preparing a workforce to conduct the fieldwork and developing quality control, (iii) Raising awareness of the study in the communities (iv) Maximizing recruitment by door-knocking, (v) Retaining those we have recruited to the study and (vi) Acceptability of study recruitment and assessment using adapted versions of the 10/66 dementia protocol in different ethnic groups living in South Auckland. RESULTS We found that a probability sampling strategy using NZ Census data was reasonably accurate and all ethnic groups were sampled effectively. We demonstrated that we were able to train up a multi-ethnic workforce consisting of lay interviewers who were able to administer the 10/66 dementia protocol in community settings. The response rate (224/297, 75.5%) at the door-knocking stage was good but attrition at subsequent stages was high and only 75/297 (25.2%) received the full interview. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that it would be feasible to conduct a population-based dementia prevalence study using the 10/66 dementia protocol in Māori, European and Asian communities living in NZ, utilizing a qualified, skilled research team representative of the families participating in the study. The study has demonstrated that for recruitment and interviewing in Pacific communities a different but culturally appropriate approach is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Martinez-Ruiz
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Susan Yates
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gary Cheung
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Cullum
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Epps F, Gore J, Flatt JD, Williams IC, Wiese L, Masoud SS, Franks N. Synthesizing Best Practices to Promote Health Equity for Older Adults Through Community-Engaged Research. Res Gerontol Nurs 2024; 17:9-16. [PMID: 38261625 DOI: 10.3928/19404921-20231205-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Achieving health equity requires creating evidence that reflects the nuance and diversity of experiences among populations disproportionately impacted by age- and race-related disparities. Community-engaged research (CEnR) is one way to pursue equity in research on health and aging to ensure the relevance and translational potential of findings. The current review synthesizes best practices regarding CEnR that promote health equity among older adults, including an overview of CEnR, benefits, and fundamental principles, and three research exemplars from the authors' CEnR. Finally, we discuss these best practices and considerations for advancing CEnR to reduce health disparities experienced by historically underserved older adults and their families. [Research in Gerontological Nursing, 17(1), 9-16.].
Collapse
|
7
|
Ferreira PCL, Zhang Y, Snitz B, Chang CCH, Bellaver B, Jacobsen E, Kamboh MI, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Pascoal TA, Villemagne VL, Ganguli M, Karikari TK. Plasma biomarkers identify older adults at risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in a real-world population-based cohort. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4507-4519. [PMID: 36876954 PMCID: PMC10480336 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasma biomarkers-cost effective, non-invasive indicators of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders (ADRD)-have largely been studied in clinical research settings. Here, we examined plasma biomarker profiles and their associated factors in a population-based cohort to determine whether they could identify an at-risk group, independently of brain and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. METHODS We measured plasma phosphorylated tau181 (p-tau181), neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio in 847 participants from a population-based cohort in southwestern Pennsylvania. RESULTS K-medoids clustering identified two distinct plasma Aβ42/40 modes, further categorizable into three biomarker profile groups: normal, uncertain, and abnormal. In different groups, plasma p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP were inversely correlated with Aβ42/40, Clinical Dementia Rating, and memory composite score, with the strongest associations in the abnormal group. DISCUSSION Abnormal plasma Aβ42/40 ratio identified older adult groups with lower memory scores, higher dementia risks, and higher ADRD biomarker levels, with potential implications for population screening. HIGHLIGHTS Population-based plasma biomarker studies are lacking, particularly in cohorts without cerebrospinal fluid or neuroimaging data. In the Monongahela-Youghiogheny Healthy Aging Team study (n = 847), plasma biomarkers associated with worse memory and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), apolipoprotein E ε4, and greater age. Plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio levels allowed clustering participants into abnormal, uncertain, and normal groups. Plasma Aβ42/40 correlated differently with neurofilament light chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein, phosphorylated tau181, memory composite, and CDR in each group. Plasma biomarkers can enable relatively affordable and non-invasive community screening for evidence of Alzheimer's disease and related disorders pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela C. L Ferreira
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Yingjin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Beth Snitz
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chung-Chou H. Chang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Bruna Bellaver
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Erin Jacobsen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - M. Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, 431 41, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, 431 41, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, HKG, China
- UW Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, 431 41, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, 431 41, Sweden
| | - Tharick A. Pascoal
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Victor L. Villemagne
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mary Ganguli
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Thomas K. Karikari
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, 431 41, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hu WT, Bergren SM, Dychtwald DK, Ma Y, Dong X. Variations in racial and ethnic groups' trust in researchers associated with willingness to participate in research. HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 10:466. [PMID: 38650745 PMCID: PMC11034911 DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-01960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Low enrollment in U.S. biomedical research by non-White adults has historically been attributed to mistrust, but few studies have simultaneously examined dimensions of trust in three or more racial/ethnic groups. Leveraging the racial/ethnic diversity of New Jersey, we prospectively recruited 293 adults (72% women, 38% older than 54 years of age) between October 2020 and February 2022 to complete two anonymous surveys in English or one of the common languages (e.g., Spanish, Mandarin Chinese). The first consisted of 12 Likert Scale questions related to trust in biomedical researchers (according to safety, equity, transparency), and the second assessed willingness to consider participation in eight common research activities (health-related survey, blood collection, genetic analysis, medication study, etc). Participants self-reported as Hispanic (n=102), Black (n=49), Chinese (n=48), other Asian (n=53), or White (n=41) race/ethnicity. Factor analysis showed three aspects related to trust in researchers: researchers as fiduciaries for research participants, racial/ethnic equity in research, and transparency. Importantly, we observed differences in the relationship between mistrust and willingness to participate. Whereas Chinese respondents' low trust in researchers mediated their low interest in research involving more than health-related surveys, Hispanic respondents' low trust in research equity did not deter high willingness to participate in research involving blood and genetic analysis. We caution that a generic association between trust and research participation should not be broadly assumed, and biomedical researchers should prospectively assess this relationship within each minoritized group to avoid hasty generalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William T Hu
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| | | | - Dana K Dychtwald
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| | - Yiming Ma
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| | - XinQi Dong
- Rutgers Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tosur M, Gandolfo L, Balasubramanyam A, Naylor RN, Pollin TI, Rasouli N, Cromer SJ, Buse JB, Redondo MJ. Enrollment of underrepresented racial and ethnic groups in the Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT). J Clin Transl Sci 2023; 7:e47. [PMID: 36845305 PMCID: PMC9947614 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2022.529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetes mellitus in underrepresented racial and ethnic groups (URG) is rapidly increasing in incidence and has worse outcomes than diabetes in non-Hispanic White individuals. Rare and Atypical Diabetes Network (RADIANT) established recruitment targets based on the racial and ethnic distribution of the USA to enroll a diverse study population. We examined participation of URG across RADIANT study stages and described strategies to enhance recruitment and retention of URG. Materials and Methods RADIANT is a multicenter NIH-funded study of people with uncharacterized forms of atypical diabetes. RADIANT participants consent online and progress through three sequential study stages, as eligible. Results We enrolled 601 participants with mean age 44 ± 16.8 years, 64.4% female. At Stage 1, 80.6% were White, 7.2% African American (AA), 12.2% other/more than one race, and 8.4% Hispanic. Enrollment of URG was significantly below preset targets across most stages. Referral sources differed by race (p < 0.001) but not ethnicity (p = 0.15). Most AA participants were referred by RADIANT investigators (58.5% vs. 24.5% in Whites), whereas flyers, news, social media, and family or friends were more frequent referral sources for White individuals (26.4% vs. 12.2% in AA). Ongoing initiatives to increase enrollment of URG in RADIANT include engaging with clinics/hospitals serving URG, screening electronic medical records, and providing culturally competent study coordination and targeted advertisement. Conclusions There is low participation of URG in RADIANT, potentially limiting the generalizability of its discoveries. Investigations into barriers and facilitators for recruitment and retention of URG in RADIANT, with implications for other studies, are ongoing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Tosur
- Department of Pediatrics, The Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Children’s Nutrition Research Center, USDA/ARS, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura Gandolfo
- Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ashok Balasubramanyam
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rochelle N. Naylor
- Division of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology Diabetes, and Metabolism, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Toni I. Pollin
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neda Rasouli
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sara J. Cromer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John B. Buse
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Maria J. Redondo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bayram E, Holden SK, Fullard M, Armstrong MJ. Race and Ethnicity in Lewy Body Dementia: A Narrative Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 94:861-878. [PMID: 37355902 PMCID: PMC10448838 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Lewy body dementia is the third most common and costliest type of dementia. It is an umbrella term for dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease dementia, both of which place a substantial burden on the person and society. Recent findings outline ethnoracial differences in dementia risk. Delayed and misdiagnosis across ethnoracial groups contribute to higher levels of burden. In this context, we aimed to summarize current knowledge, gaps, and unmet needs relating to race and ethnicity in Lewy body dementia. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of studies on Lewy body dementia focusing on differences across ethnoracial groups and outline several recommendations for future studies. The majority of the findings comparing different ethnoracial groups were from North American sites. There were no differences in clinical prevalence and progression across ethnoracial groups. Compared to people identifying as non-Hispanic White, co-pathologies were more common and clinical diagnostic accuracy was lower for people identifying as Black. Co-morbidities (e.g., diabetes, hypertension) were more common and medication use rates (e.g., antidepressants, antiparkinsonian agents) were lower for people identifying as Black or Hispanic compared to people identifying as White. More than 90% of clinical trial participants identified as non-Hispanic White. Despite increasing efforts to overcome disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, inclusion of individuals from minoritized communities in Lewy body dementia studies continues to be limited and the findings are inconclusive. Representation of diverse populations is crucial to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic efforts in Lewy body dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ece Bayram
- Parkinson and Other Movement Disorders Center, Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samantha K. Holden
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Michelle Fullard
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Melissa J. Armstrong
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Fixel Institute for Neurological Diseases, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brown EL, Paul-Ward A, Felber Neff D, Webb FJ, Vieira ER, Gaillard T. Willingness of Older Adults From Culturally Diverse Populations to Participate in COVID-19 Related Treatment Trials and Associated Factors. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214231179826. [PMID: 37324645 PMCID: PMC10258652 DOI: 10.1177/23337214231179826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This survey study aimed to assess the willingness of culturally diverse older adults to participate in COVID-19 research. The majority of the 276 participants were women (81%, n = 223) and Black/African American (62%, n = 172) or White Hispanic (20%, n = 56). A key finding from the survey was less than 1 of 10 respondents would be likely to participate in COVID-19 related research if given the opportunity. There were no differences observed by gender, race or ethnicity. Implications of these findings are considered. These study findings indicate continued effort and better messaging strategies are required to increase awareness that COVID-19 related research needs to include culturally diverse older adults to ensure vaccines and treatments are efficacious in different populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fern J. Webb
- Center for Health Equity & Engagement Research, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Milani SA, Cottler LB, Striley CW. Perceptions of Research Participation among a Sample of Florida Residents Aged 50 and Over Reporting Dementia. AGEING INTERNATIONAL 2023; 48:95-107. [PMID: 34483405 PMCID: PMC8406007 DOI: 10.1007/s12126-021-09441-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As the population ages, the prevalence of dementia will increase. More research is needed; however, low rates of research participation, especially by older adults, hinder progress. Data came from HealthStreet, a University of Florida community engagement program in which community health workers assess community members for their health conditions. Adults 50 and over were included in these analyses; their perceptions of health research studies were assessed. Our sample had an average age of 60.5 years and 4.3% reported dementia (n = 4,881). Overall, older adults reported a high willingness to participate in research. Individuals who reported dementia had 0.64 times the odds of reporting willingness to participate in a research study that required an overnight stay, compared to those who did not report dementia (95% CI: 0.45-0.89). We report on willingness to participate in research in a more granular basis than has been previously done. Community members reporting dementia, compared to those without, were as or more likely to desire future participation in health research. However, barriers to participation remain and must be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Arefi Milani
- grid.176731.50000 0001 1547 9964Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Linda B. Cottler
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Catherine W. Striley
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions & College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ashford MT, Camacho MR, Jin C, Eichenbaum J, Ulbricht A, Alaniz R, Van De Mortel L, Sorce J, Aaronson A, Parmar S, Flenniken D, Fockler J, Truran D, Mackin RS, Rivera Mindt M, Morlett-Paredes A, González HM, Mayeda ER, Weiner MW, Nosheny RL. Digital culturally tailored marketing for enrolling Latino participants in a web-based registry: Baseline metrics from the Brain Health Registry. Alzheimers Dement 2022; 19:1714-1728. [PMID: 36193827 PMCID: PMC10070578 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This culturally tailored enrollment effort aims to determine the feasibility of enrolling 5000 older Latino adults from California into the Brain Health Registries (BHR) over 2.25 years. METHODS This paper describes (1) the development and deployment of culturally tailored BHR websites and digital ads, in collaboration with a Latino community science partnership board and a marketing company; (2) an interim feasibility analysis of the enrollment efforts and numbers, and participant characteristics (primary aim); as well as (3) an exploration of module completion and a preliminary efficacy evaluation of the culturally tailored digital efforts compared to BHR's standard non-culturally tailored efforts (secondary aim). RESULTS In 12.5 months, 3603 older Latino adults were enrolled (71% of the total California Latino BHR initiative enrollment goal). Completion of all BHR modules was low (6%). DISCUSSION Targeted ad placement, culturally tailored enrollment messaging, and culturally tailored BHR websites increased enrollment of Latino participants in BHR, but did not translate to increased module completion. HIGHLIGHTS Culturally tailored social marketing and website improvements were implemented. The efforts enrolled 5662 Latino individuals in 12.5 months. The number of Latino Brain Health Registry (BHR) participants increased by 122.7%. We failed to adequately enroll female Latinos and Latinos with lower education. Future work will evaluate effects of a newly released Spanish-language BHR website.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam T Ashford
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Monica R Camacho
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chengshi Jin
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Joseph Eichenbaum
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Aaron Ulbricht
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Anna Aaronson
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shivam Parmar
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Derek Flenniken
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Juliet Fockler
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Diana Truran
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - R Scott Mackin
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Monica Rivera Mindt
- Psychology & Latin American Latino Studies Institute, Fordham University, Joint Appointment in Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alejandra Morlett-Paredes
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center in the School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hector M González
- University of California, San Diego, Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center in the School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael W Weiner
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Northern California Institute for Research and Education (NCIRE), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,University of California, San Francisco Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rachel L Nosheny
- VA, Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco Veteran's Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Martínez AD, Ruelas-Thompson L. Acceptability, feasibility, and ethics of saliva collection in community-based research with Mexican-origin mixed-status families during high immigration enforcement. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1685. [PMID: 36064334 PMCID: PMC9446519 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13903-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are concerns about the representation of vulnerable and underrepresented racial-ethnic minorities in biomedical and public health research, particularly when the research requires the collection of biospecimens. The current paper reports on the acceptability, feasibility, and ethics of saliva collection in a study examining the relationship between chronic stressors among mostly mixed-status, Latinx families (N = 30) during high immigration enforcement. Methods Data for this study included anthropometric measures and salivary biospecimens from each family member (N = 110) and a household survey. Data for this analysis are from ethnographic field notes, which were analyzed using a bricolage of critical ethnography and case study analysis techniques. Results We discuss the feasibility, aversions, acceptability, and ethical implications of integrating salivary biomarkers with Mexican-origin mixed-status families living in an area with restrictive immigration enforcement policies. We present the recruitment and data collection strategies used by the research team to gain participants’ trust, retain families, and maintain confidentiality. Conclusion We recommend that researchers who obtain biospecimens from Latinx, Mexican-origin, and/or immigrant populations answer the participants’ questions honestly and without fear that they will not understand the science to obtain voluntary assent and consent. We recommend that researchers be knowledgeable of the sociopolitical context that the Latinx, immigrant, and in particular, mixed-status families inhabit so that they are prepared to provide informational resources. Finally, we think it is imperative that the study team in the field be bilingual, multicultural Latinx persons who identify with the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Airín Denise Martínez
- School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Health Promotion and Policy, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, 715 N. Pleasant Street, Arnold House 333, 01003, Amherst, MB, USA.
| | - Lillian Ruelas-Thompson
- College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, ASU Advance,, Knowledge Exchange for Resilience, Arizona State University, Box 5302, Tempe, AZ, 85281, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bonus CG, Northall T, Hatcher D, Montayre J. Experiences of perioperative care among ethnically diverse older adult patients: An integrative review. Collegian 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colegn.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
Charleston L, Savage-Edwards B, Bragg SM, Baygani SK, Dennehy EB. Migraine history and response to lasmiditan across racial and ethnic groups. Curr Med Res Opin 2022; 38:721-730. [PMID: 35350937 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2022.2057152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The robust enrollment in SPARTAN and SAMURAI provided the opportunity to present post-hoc descriptive details on migraine disease characteristics and treatment outcomes after treatment with lasmiditan, a selective serotonin (5-HT1F) receptor agonist, in racial and ethnic subgroups. METHODS Descriptive data from racial (White [W](n = 3471) and Black or African American [AA](n = 792)) and ethnic (Hispanic or Latinx [HL](n = 775) and Non-Hispanic or Latinx [Non-HL](n = 3637)) populations are presented on pooled data from two double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized Phase 3 studies (SAMURAI [NCT02439320] and SPARTAN [NCT2605174]). Patients were treated with lasmiditan (50 (SPARTAN only), 100, or 200 mg) or placebo for a single migraine attack of moderate-to-severe intensity. Efficacy data were recorded in an electronic diary at baseline, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. Safety was evaluated and reported by occurrences of adverse events. RESULTS Clinical characteristics were generally similar across populations. W participants had longer migraine history than AA participants, and Non-HL participants had more migraine disability than HL participants. In the lasmiditan single-attack studies, AA participants waited longer than W participants to take study drug. A higher proportion of HL participants rated baseline migraine severity as severe compared to Non-HL participants. Response to lasmiditan was similar across racial and ethnic groups, including pain response, freedom from most bothersome symptom and migraine-related disability, and safety and tolerability. Across multiple outcomes, AA and HL participants tended to report more positive outcomes. CONCLUSIONS There were few differences in demographic and clinical characteristics across racial and ethnic groups. Similar lasmiditan efficacy and safety outcomes were observed in AA versus W participants, and in HL versus Non-HL participants. Small observed differences may be driven by a tendency toward a more positive response observed across all treatment groups by AA and HL participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larry Charleston
- Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ellen B Dennehy
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Otufowora AA, Striley CW, Vaddiparti K, Scicchitano MJ, Cottler LB. Study Navigation and Enrollment in a Community Sample: Does Generational Cohort Matter? JOURNAL OF INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS 2022; 21:299-320. [PMID: 37724159 PMCID: PMC10506841 DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2022.2041526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The socioecological model (SEM) was used as a conceptual framework to examine the effect of generational cohorts on study navigation and enrollment in health research. The study population was 7,370 community-dwelling Gen Xers and Baby Boomers in North Central Florida. Analyses found that Leading-edge Boomers (individuals born between 1946 and 1955) [vs Gen Xers (individuals born between 1965 and 1955)] and individuals with higher trust (vs lower trust) were 41% and 25% respectively more likely to be enrolled in health research compared to their counterparts, controlling for factors at the individual, relationship, and community levels of the SEM. We conclude the study with a summary of the findings and the recruitment implications for study enrollment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Catherine W Striley
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Krishna Vaddiparti
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Linda B Cottler
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Martínez AD, Mercado E, Barbieri M, Kim SY, Granger DA. The Importance of Biobehavioral Research to Examine the Physiological Effects of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in the Latinx Population. Front Public Health 2022; 9:762735. [PMID: 35083188 PMCID: PMC8784784 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.762735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of research is documenting how racial and ethnic populations embody social inequalities throughout the life course. Some scholars recommend the integration of biospecimens representing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurological and endocrinological processes, and inflammation to capture the embodiment of inequality. However, in comparison to other racial and ethnic groups, there has been little research examining how Hispanic/Latinx persons embody racial and ethnic discrimination, much less resulting from institutional and structural racism. We provide a rationale for expanding biobehavioral research examining the physiological consequences of racism among Latinx persons. We identify gaps and make recommendations for a future research agenda in which biobehavioral research can expand knowledge about chronic disease inequities among Latinx populations and inform behavioral and institutional interventions. We end by cautioning readers to approach the recommendations in this article as a call to expand the embodiment of racism research to include the diverse Latinx population as the United States addresses racial inequity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Airín D. Martínez
- Department of Health Promotion and Policy, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Evelyn Mercado
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Marielena Barbieri
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Douglas A. Granger
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Salivary Bioscience Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, School of Nursing, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Saliva Bioscience Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Grumbach K, Cottler LB, Brown J, LeSarre M, Gonzalez-Fisher RF, Williams CD, Michener JL, Nease DE, Tandon D, Varma DS, Eder M. It should not require a pandemic to make community engagement in research leadership essential, not optional. J Clin Transl Sci 2021; 5:e95. [PMID: 34192052 PMCID: PMC8134899 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2021.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to move community engagement in research from marginalized to mainstream include the NIH requiring community engagement programs in all Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSAs). However, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed how little these efforts have changed the dominant culture of clinical research. When faced with the urgent need to generate knowledge about prevention and treatment of the novel coronavirus, researchers largely neglected to involve community stakeholders early in the research process. This failure cannot be divorced from the broader context of systemic racism in the US that has contributed to Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities bearing a disproportionate toll from COVID-19, being underrepresented in COVID-19 clinical trials, and expressing greater hesitancy about COVID-19 vaccination. We call on research funders and research institutions to take decisive action to make community engagement obligatory, not optional, in all clinical and translational research and to center BIPOC communities in this process. Recommended actions include funding agencies requiring all research proposals involving human participants to include a community engagement plan, providing adequate funding to support ongoing community engagement, including community stakeholders in agency governance and proposal reviews, promoting racial and ethnic diversity in the research workforce, and making a course in community engaged research a requirement for Masters of Clinical Research curricula.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Grumbach
- Department of Family and Community Medicine and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Linda B. Cottler
- Department of Epidemiology and Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jen Brown
- Alliance for Research in Chicagoland Communities and Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Monique LeSarre
- Rafiki Coalition and African American Community Health Equity Council, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Carla D. Williams
- Georgetown-Howard University Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC, USA
| | - J. Lloyd Michener
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Duke School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donald E. Nease
- Department of Family Medicine and the Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Colorado – Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Darius Tandon
- Department of Medical Social Sciences and Center for Community Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Deepthi S. Varma
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Milton Eder
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|