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Sharif-Nia H, Sánchez-Teruel D, Sivarajan Froelicher E, Hejazi S, Hosseini L, Khoshnavay Fomani F, Moshtagh M, Mollaei F, Goudarzian AH, Babaei A. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: a systematic review psychometrics properties using the COSMIN. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2976-2991. [PMID: 38694299 PMCID: PMC11060289 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psychometrical evaluation of persons of diverse contexts and different populations, including general or clinical. Objective This review study aimed to evaluate the psychometrics quality of resilience scales. Methods International and Iranian databases were searched with MESH terms, including "psychometric", "validity", "reliability", "Connor-Davidson resilience scale", "Resilience scale", for published articles up to 1 February 2023. For each of the selected studies, the risk of bias was evaluated using the COSMIN Risk of Bias Checklist. Then the COSMIN checklist was used to evaluate the entire text of the article for methodological quality. Results Considering the inclusion criteria, 80 documents were evaluated. According to the COSMIN's criteria for evaluating the risk of bias, the current study findings revealed the included studies' limitations in assessing the three versions of CD-RISC cross-cultural and content validity as well as their stability (e.g. conducting test re-test), whereas the majority of psychometric studies of CD-RISC-25, and CD-RISC-2 rated as very good or adequate in terms of structural validity. In terms of quality assessment of the included studies, the current study indicated that investigating the structural validity of the CD-RISC was mainly done based on exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis was absent. Conclusion The general result indicates the acceptability of the quality of the studies. However, concerns for measurement properties such as responsiveness and criterion validity as well as the standard error of measurement have been neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif-Nia
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Nursing, Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - David Sánchez-Teruel
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, and Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California Sand Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sima Hejazi
- Bojnurd Faculty of Nursing, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Lida Hosseini
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mozhgan Moshtagh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand Iran
| | | | - Amir Hossein Goudarzian
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Iran
| | - Amir Babaei
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Levey EJ, Rodriguez AEM, Chang AR, Rondon MB, Sanchez MLJ, Harrison AM, Gelaye B, Becker AE. A qualitative analysis of adolescent motherhood within the broader family context in Peru. FAMILY RELATIONS 2024; 73:1046-1066. [PMID: 38523658 PMCID: PMC10957107 DOI: 10.1111/fare.12904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the impact of adolescent pregnancy on families and describe the needs of adolescent mothers and their infants in order to assess the need for intervention and identify potential intervention targets. Background Adolescent mothers and their offspring face an increased risk of mental health problems. Adolescent mothers and their families also face significant resource constraints; 95% live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cost-effective interventions are needed to improve outcomes for this vulnerable group. Method This qualitative study conducted in Lima, Peru, consisted of four clinician focus groups and 18 in-depth interviews with adolescent mothers and their family members. Data were coded thematically, and direct content analysis was employed. Results The study identified the following issues facing adolescent parents: the transition to parenthood, the need for family support, difficulty accessing support, the difficulty for family members of providing support, and ideas about responsibility and adolescent autonomy. Conclusion Overall, these findings demonstrate the need for interventions that engage families and address barriers to accessing support, including relationship conflict and differing beliefs about responsibility and autonomy. Implications Interventions are needed for adolescent mothers in LMICs that mobilize family support. Clinicians who care for these patients need to be aware of the family context and the resources available where they practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J. Levey
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Andrew R. Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Alexandra M. Harrison
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Anne E. Becker
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Bryant AS, Coleman J, Shi X, Rodriguez M, Papadopoulos AS, Merz K, Leonard J, Samia N, Marceau L. The Power and Promise of Postpartum Self Care: Evaluation of a Web-Based Tool for Underserved Women. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:548-555. [PMID: 36732464 PMCID: PMC9894665 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-023-03605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Joyuus is a culturally diverse, comprehensive online tool designed to address the self-care needs of underserved postpartum women. The tool provides actionable self-care information, knowledge, and skills to improve postpartum health and identifies red flags for when self-care shifts to seeking care. METHODS We employed a mixed-methods multiphase design to evaluate the Joyuus prototype, including a pre-post evaluation (N = 87) to assess behavioral health outcomes before and after using the tool for a one-month period. 91% completed the post-test (N = 79). The analysis focused on estimation of treatment effect (via 95% confidence intervals) and fitness of instruments in this population. RESULTS Participants were between 6 months pregnant and one year postpartum, a mean age of 30 years, 100% female, 99% Black, with nearly equal distribution of married (55%) and not married (44%), and above (47%) and below (46%) annual income of $60 K. Key measures saw significant improvement from pre- (mean = 26.44, SD = 5.39) to post (mean = 28.29, SD = 5.26) on the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (p < 0.001) Trends toward improvement (not statistically significant) were noted for Depression (EPDS) (p = 0.624) and Anxiety (STAI) (p = 0.286), and no meaningful change on MOS Social Support or COVID-19 Mental Health Impacts Measures. CONCLUSIONS FOR PRACTICE This pilot study demonstrates that a self-care mobile tool has the potential to address significant health outcomes related to maternal morbidity and mortality. By providing a continuously available companion addressing physical, mental, and real-life questions, it creates value during postpartum for mothers who can often feel overwhelmed or isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison S Bryant
- Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Julia Coleman
- HealthCore, Inc., 55 Chapel Street, Newton, MA, 02458, USA
| | - Xiaomei Shi
- Collective Insight, 4 Pickard Ln, North Reading, MA, 01864-2451, USA.,LeadingAge LTSS Center at the University of Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | | | | | - Kristine Merz
- Joyuus, LLC, 15 Victory Highway, West Greenwich, RI, 02817, USA.,Orange Square, 15 Victory Highway, West Greenwich, RI, 02817, USA
| | - Juli Leonard
- Orange Square, 15 Victory Highway, West Greenwich, RI, 02817, USA
| | - Neela Samia
- Orange Square, 15 Victory Highway, West Greenwich, RI, 02817, USA
| | - Lisa Marceau
- Joyuus, LLC, 15 Victory Highway, West Greenwich, RI, 02817, USA. .,Alpha Millennial Health, Cumberland, RI, USA.
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Xie G, Wu Q, Guo X, Zhang J, Yin D. Psychological resilience buffers the association between cell phone addiction and sleep quality among college students in Jiangsu Province, China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1105840. [PMID: 36846234 PMCID: PMC9944019 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Excessive use of cell phones can take up college students' time and energy, and the sleep quality will inevitably be affected. A high level of psychological resilience can help them to maintain a positive attitude and cope with stressful events. However, few studies were conducted to investigate the effects of psychological resilience buffering cell phone addiction on sleep quality. In our hypothesis, psychological toughness would mitigate the worsening impact of cell phone addiction on sleep quality. METHODS The sample consisted of 7,234 Chinese college students who completed an electronic questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, such as the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), the Psychological Resilience Index (CD-RISC), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). SPSS 26.0 was used for data analysis, the measurement data were described by x ¯ ± s for those conforming to normal distribution, and the comparison of means between groups was analyzed by group t-test or one-way ANOVA. Those that was not conforming to normal distribution were described by median M (P 25, P 75), and the comparison of M between groups was analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test. Using Spearman correlation analysis, the associations between mobile phone addiction, psychological resilience, and sleep quality were evaluated. Using SPSS Process, the mediating role of psychological resilience was examined. RESULTS The mean scores of cell phone addiction and psychological resilience were 45.00 (SD = 13.59) and 60.58 (SD = 18.30), respectively; the sleep quality score M (P 25, P 75) was 5.0 (3.0, 7.0). Cell phone addiction among college students had a direct predictive effect on sleep quality (β = 0.260, P < 0.01), and psychological resilience had a negative correlation with both cell phone addiction and sleep quality (β = -0.073, P < 0.01, and β = -0.210, P < 0.01). Psychological resilience was responsible for a mediating effect value of 5.556% between cell phone addiction and sleep quality. CONCLUSION Cell phone addiction has an impact on sleep quality both directly and indirectly through the mediating effect of psychological resilience. Increased psychological resilience has the potential effect to buffer the exacerbating of cell phone addiction on sleep quality. These findings provide an evidence for cell phone addiction prevention, psychological management, and sleep improvement in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Xie
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jinpeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dehui Yin
- Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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Rojas Perez OF, Sanchez SE, Cruz V, Sánchez E, Levey E, Gelaye B. Comparative Performance of the Resilience Inventory (IRES) and Resilience Scale-14 (RS-14) Spanish Versions Among Postpartum Adolescent Mothers. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:1069-1080. [PMID: 36439676 PMCID: PMC9684388 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00458-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We sought to evaluate the psychometric properties of two resilience scales; the Resilience Inventory (IRES) and the 14-item Resilience Scale (RS-14) among Peruvian postpartum adolescent mothers. This cross-sectional study included 785 adolescent mothers who delivered at a maternity hospital in Lima, Peru. The Spanish versions of IRES and RS-14 were used to evaluate the properties of the measures. We examined reliability using Cronbach's alpha. We used exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to assess the construct validity and factor structures of the two scales. Both scales had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha > 0.7). Correlation between IRES and RS-14 scores was fair (r = 0.53). The EFA results of both scales yielded a three-factor structure. EFA including all items from IRES and RS-14 yielded a six-factor structure. CFA results corroborated the original seven-factor structure for IRES and yielded measures indicating a good level of goodness of fit (comparative fit index of 0.93) and accuracy (root mean square error of approximation of 0.07). Overall, Spanish language versions of both the IRES and the RS-14 are reliable and valid scales for assessing resilience among Peruvian postpartum adolescent mothers. Additional research is needed to integrate culturally-specific traits into resilience measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sixto E. Sanchez
- Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
- Asociación Civil PROESA, Lima, Peru
| | - Victor Cruz
- Peruvian National Institute of Mental Health, Honorio Delgado – Hideyo Noguchi, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Elizabeth Levey
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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Dominguez-Cancino KA, Calderon-Maldonado FL, Choque-Medrano E, Bravo-Tare CE, Palmieri PA. Psychometric Properties of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale for South America (CD-RISC-25 SA) in Peruvian Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1689. [PMID: 36360417 PMCID: PMC9688849 DOI: 10.3390/children9111689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Resilience describes the ability of someone to adapt to adverse life experiences by adjusting to demands with behavioral flexibility. When encountering crisis situations, resilient people typically spring back emotionally with increased strength and internal composure. Measuring resilience is important for assessing the ability of adolescents to respond to adverse situations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the psychometric performance of the Spanish version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) © for South America (CD-RISC-25SA) in a population of vulnerable Peruvian adolescents. This study used a cross-sectional design to measure sociodemographic variables and resilience. Participants were 451 adolescents living in a shelter in Lima, Perú. Face and content validity were established by expert panel, construct validity was evaluated with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's alpha. The analysis resulted in a four-dimensional model with 22 items explaining almost 27% of the variance with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.90. The dimensions included self-confidence and self-trust from previous experiences, internal resources to cope with difficult situations, personal competence and tenacity, and self-regulation with external resources. Two of the 3 items eliminated from the instrument were related to the original dimension "spirituality influences" which may have been incorrectly translated and adapted without equivalence of meaning for cross-cultural research. The CD-RISC-25SA is not a stable multidimensional instrument for measuring resilience across the cultures and contexts of countries. However, the instrument appears to be stable for measuring resilience as a single dimension. For measuring resilience in the context of Peru, a four-dimensional model with 22 items was validated. Variations in the psychometric properties of translated instruments may result from not establishing the equivalence of meaning for each item before performing cross-cultural research. Researchers need to search for a more precise understanding of resilience as a universal concept transferable across borders and through translations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A. Dominguez-Cancino
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
- Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Científica del Sur, Ctra. Panamericana S. 19, Villa EL Salvador 15067, Peru
- Addiction Study Program, Université de Sherbrooke, 150, Place Charles-Le Moyne, Bureau 200, Longueuil, QC J4K 0A8, Canada
| | - Francisca L. Calderon-Maldonado
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Universidad Santiago de Chile, Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Santiago 9170022, Chile
| | - Edith Choque-Medrano
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
- Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Av. Arequipa 444, Lima 15046, Peru
| | - Carola E. Bravo-Tare
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
| | - Patrick A. Palmieri
- EBHC South America: A JBI Affiliated Group, Calle Cartavio 406, Lima 15023, Peru
- South American Center for Qualitative Research, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Av. Arequipa 444, Lima 15046, Peru
- College of Graduate Health Studies, A. T. Still University, 800 West Jefferson Street, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
- Center for Global Nursing, Texas Woman’s University, 6700 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Zila-Velasque JP, Grados-Espinoza P, Quispe-Chura K, Valdiviezo-Morales CG, Diaz-Vélez C, Valladares-Garrido MJ. Prevalence and factors associated with food insecurity in eight high-altitude cities in Peru during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective, cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1962. [PMID: 36284287 PMCID: PMC9593981 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14372-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food insecurity has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting an estimated 260 million people. However, little evidence is available on how pandemic-related characteristics influence food security in a high-altitude population. The objective of this study was to assess factors associated with food insecurity in high-altitude Peruvian cities during the second epidemic wave of COVID-19. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in eight Peruvian cities over 1,500 m above sea level. An online survey measuring food security, presence of anxiety & depressive symptoms, sleep quality, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), resilience, and sociodemographic characteristics was disseminated through social networks between December 2020 and February 2021. Generalized linear models were used to identify an association between the study variables. Results Of 700 participants, the median age was 23 years, and more than half were female (56.7%). The prevalence of food insecurity was 37.1%. Anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and PTSD were present in 72.7%, 64.1%, and 15% of respondents, respectively. The prevalence of food insecurity was higher in people with fair (PR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.23–2.07) and very bad perception of their health (PR: 4.06, 95% CI: 2.63–6.26), individuals seeking mental health support (PR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.25–1.62), and in those who lost their job due to the pandemic (PR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.62–2.04). Having moderate (PR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.26–1.83) and moderate to severe depressive symptoms (PR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.11–2.27) also increased the prevalence of food insecurity. Conclusion During the pandemic, the prevalence of food insecurity has increased in the Peruvian high-altitude population, revealing the need for preventive strategies. Identification of pandemic-related characteristics that influence food insecurity can guide interventions in at-risk individuals and reduce the long-term impact of this problem on overall health and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Pierre Zila-Velasque
- grid.441704.20000 0001 0087 8137School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Pasco, Peru ,Red Latinoamericana de Medicina en La Altitud E Investigación (REDLAMAI), Pasco, Peru
| | - Pamela Grados-Espinoza
- grid.441704.20000 0001 0087 8137School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Pasco, Peru ,Red Latinoamericana de Medicina en La Altitud E Investigación (REDLAMAI), Pasco, Peru
| | - Katherine Quispe-Chura
- grid.441943.f0000 0001 1089 6427School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, Peru
| | - Christopher G. Valdiviezo-Morales
- grid.441932.90000 0004 0418 8231School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Piura, Piura, Peru ,grid.441932.90000 0004 0418 8231Scientific Society of Medical Students, Universidad Nacional de Piura, Piura, Peru
| | - Cristian Diaz-Vélez
- grid.441975.a0000 0001 0739 3319School of Medicine, Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Trujillo, Peru ,grid.420173.30000 0000 9677 5193Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación – IETSI, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario J. Valladares-Garrido
- grid.441766.60000 0004 4676 8189Universidad Continental, Lima, Peru ,Oficina de Epidemiología, Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Chiclayo, Peru
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Flores-Buils R, Caballer-Miedes A, Mateu-Pérez R. Resilience in Teachers: Validation of the Spanish Version of the CD-RISC10© Scale in Early Childhood, Primary and Special Education Teachers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11020. [PMID: 36078736 PMCID: PMC9518186 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Schools are a fundamental context for processes of promotion and generation of resilience, since they focus not only on aspects of academic development, but also of personal and social development. Resilience in the teacher has a dual function. On the one hand, as resilient professionals, teachers can foster the development of resilience in their students; on the other hand, teaching resilience facilitates their own personal and professional well-being. Despite research highlighting the benefits of resilience in education, there is scarce research focused on assessing resilience in teachers. Thus, the aim of this paper is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of Connor and Davidson's 10-item resilience scale (CD-RISC 10©) in a sample of 290 teachers. A confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) is performed, which shows that the 10 items on the CD-RISC 10© Resilience Scale form a one-dimensional structure, with high reliability, McDonald's Omega coefficient (ω = 0.80) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α = 0.87). The results obtained in this work support the use of the scale for the assessment of resilience in teachers of Infant, Primary and Special Education, which is considered very useful, not only to know their degree of resilience, but also to assess the effectiveness of training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Flores-Buils
- Department of Developmental, Educational and Social Psychology and Methodology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Antonio Caballer-Miedes
- Department of Developmental, Educational and Social Psychology and Methodology, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Rosa Mateu-Pérez
- Department of Pedagogy and Didactics of Social Sciences, Language and Literature, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón, Spain
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Luo Z, Shen Y, Yuan J, Zhao Y, Liu Z, Shangguan F. Perceived Stress, Resilience, and Anxiety Among Pregnant Chinese Women During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Latent Profile Analysis and Mediation Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:696132. [PMID: 34367022 PMCID: PMC8339262 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.696132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a major threat to pregnant women's mental health. This study aimed to characterize the patterns of perceived stress in pregnant Chinese women during the COVID-19 pandemic, to examine the profile differences on anxiety and resilience, and to investigate whether the differences in these profiles on anxiety were mediated by resilience. Methods: From February 28, 2020 to April 26, 2020, a sample of 2,116 pregnant Chinese women who participated in online crisis interventions completed an online self-reporting questionnaire assessing their demographic characteristics, perceived stress, resilience, and anxiety. Results: Latent profile analysis (LPA) on two stress dimensions [perceived helplessness (HEL) and perceived self-efficacy (SEL)] indicated four perceived stress profiles: adaptive (33.7% of the sample), resistant (44.6%), insensitive (19.1%), and sensitive (2.6%). The women with both adaptive and insensitive profiles had the lowest levels of anxiety, whereas those with the resistant profile had the lowest levels of resilience. Multicategorical mediation analysis showed that resilience partially mediated the differences in the pregnant women's anxiety between the adaptive/insensitive and resistant profile. Conclusion: This study showed the heterogeneity in the perceived stress patterns of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic, revealing the internal mechanisms of pregnant women's anxiety using a person-centered approach, and provided initial evidence guiding the development of differentiated stress interventions to alleviate pregnant women's anxiety during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqing Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengkui Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangfang Shangguan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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10
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Geffner R, Yang S, Burton N. Bullying, Victimization, and Resiliency: An Introduction to the Special Issue. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2021; 14:5-7. [PMID: 33708277 PMCID: PMC7900362 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00345-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This special issue focuses on bullying and victimization in young adults and factors that contribute to resiliency. The articles take into consideration cultural factors, gender, and trauma history. Several of the research studies illustrate the complexity of the factors involved in bullying and the traumatic effects of the victimization, and authors highlight targeted ways for intervention and prevention. This special issue also highlights some of the international work being conducted in these areas. The intention of this special issue is to stimulate discussion among researchers, policy makers and practitioners who are trying to reduce bullying and child maltreatment while empowering those who have been victimized. Additional research utilizing complex designs with community and school samples is still needed to address the factors involved in these situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Geffner
- Institute on Violence, Abuse and Trauma, 10065 Old Grove Road, #101, San Diego, CA 92131 USA
- Alliant International University, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Scarlett Yang
- Institute on Violence, Abuse and Trauma, 10065 Old Grove Road, #101, San Diego, CA 92131 USA
| | - Nanette Burton
- Institute on Violence, Abuse and Trauma, 10065 Old Grove Road, #101, San Diego, CA 92131 USA
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Nartova-Bochaver S, Korneev A, Bochaver K. Validation of the 10-Item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale: The Case of Russian Youth. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:611026. [PMID: 33643092 PMCID: PMC7902788 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.611026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study validates the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) on a Russian youth sample. A total of 689 respondents participated (M age = 20.22, SD age = 2.08; 526 females). The Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short-Form, the Centre of Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Authenticity Scale were used to examine the content validity of CD-RISC-10. Two hypotheses were examined: that the Russian version of the CD-RISC-10 (1) has structural validity (is unifactorial, as the original version) and (2) has convergent validity (which is proven by positive connections with psychological well-being and negative connections with ill-being). According to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), it was shown that the scale really had a unifactorial structure; its reliability was satisfactory (α =.85, ω h =.84). No age trends in the CD-RISC-10 scores were detected; in males, the scores were higher than in females. As expected, CD-RISC-10 was positively connected with mental well-being, positive affect, self-esteem, and authentic living while negatively connected with depressive symptoms, negative affect, acceptance of external influence, and self-alienation. The Russian version of CD-RISC-10 seems to be a valid, stable, and reliable instrument which may be recommended for use in various areas of research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofya Nartova-Bochaver
- Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksei Korneev
- Department of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Bochaver
- Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
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