1
|
Meidaninikjeh S, Mohammadi P, Elikaei A. Bacteriophages and bacterial extracellular vesicles, threat or opportunity? Life Sci 2024; 350:122749. [PMID: 38821215 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (AMR) is one of the health major problems worldwide. The scientists are looking for a novel method to treat infectious diseases. Phage therapy is considered a suitable approach for treating infectious diseases. However, there are different challenges in this way. Some biological aspects can probably influence on therapeutic results and further investigations are necessary to reach a successful phage therapy. Bacteriophage activity can influence by bacterial defense system. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are one of the bacterial defense mechanisms which can modify the results of bacteriophage activity. BEVs have the significant roles in the gene transferring, invasion, escape, and spreading of bacteriophages. In this review, the defense mechanisms of bacteria against bacteriophages, especially BEVs secretion, the hidden linkage of BEVs and bacteriophages, and its possible consequences on the bacteriophage activity as well phage therapy will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Meidaninikjeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Parisa Mohammadi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ameneh Elikaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu C, Yazdani N, Moran CS, Salomon C, Seneviratne CJ, Ivanovski S, Han P. Unveiling clinical applications of bacterial extracellular vesicles as natural nanomaterials in disease diagnosis and therapeutics. Acta Biomater 2024; 180:18-45. [PMID: 38641182 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are naturally occurring bioactive membrane-bound nanoparticles released by both gram-negative and gram-positive bacterial species, exhibiting a multifaceted role in mediating host-microbe interactions across various physiological conditions. Increasing evidence supports BEVs as essential mediators of cell-to-cell communicaiton, influencing bacterial pathogenicity, disease mechanisms, and modulating the host immune response. However, the extent to which these BEV-mediated actions can be leveraged to predict disease onset, guide treatment strategies, and determine clinical outcomes remains uncertain, particularly in terms of their clinical translation potentials. This review briefly describes BEV biogenesis and their internalisation by recipient cells and summarises methods for isolation and characterization, essential for understanding their composition and cargo. Further, it discusses the potential of biofluid-associated BEVs as biomarkers for various diseases, spanning both cancer and non-cancerous conditions. Following this, we outline the ongoing human clinical trials of using BEVs for vaccine development. In addition to disease diagnostics, this review explores the emerging research of using natural or engineered BEVs as smart nanomaterials for applications in anti-cancer therapy and bone regeneration. This discussion extends to key factors for unlocking the clinical potential of BEVs, such as standardization of BEV isolation and characterisation, as well as other hurdles in translating these findings to the clinical setting. We propose that addressing these hurdles through collaborative research efforts and well-designed clinical trials holds the key to fully harnessing the clinical potential of BEVs. As this field advances, this review suggests that BEV-based nanomedicine has the potential to revolutionize disease management, paving the way for innovative diagnosis, therapeutics, and personalized medicine approaches. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from both host cells and bacteria serve as multifunctional biomaterials and are emerging in the fields of biomedicine, bioengineering, and biomaterials. However, the majority of current studies focus on host-derived EVs, leaving a gap in comprehensive research on bacteria-derived EVs (BEVs). Although BEVs offer an attractive option as nanomaterials for drug delivery systems, their unique nanostructure and easy-to-modify functions make them a potential method for disease diagnosis and treatment as well as vaccine development. Our work among the pioneering studies investigating the potential of BEVs as natural nanobiomaterials plays a crucial role in both understanding the development of diseases and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun Liu
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oralfacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Negar Yazdani
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oralfacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Corey S Moran
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oralfacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Carlos Salomon
- Translational Extracellular Vesicles in Obstetrics and Gynae-Oncology Group, The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4029 Australia
| | - Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oralfacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oralfacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Pingping Han
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Centre for Oralfacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Epigenetics Nanodiagnostic and Therapeutic Group, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Majumder S, Das S, Li P, Yang N, Dellario H, Sui H, Guan Z, Sun W. Pneumonic Plague Protection Induced by a Monophosphoryl Lipid A Decorated Yersinia Outer-Membrane-Vesicle Vaccine. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307066. [PMID: 38009518 PMCID: PMC11009084 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A new Yersinia pseudotuberculosis mutant strain, YptbS46, carrying the lpxE insertion and pmrF-J deletion is constructed and shown to exclusively produce monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) having adjuvant properties. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from YptbS46 harboring an lcrV expression plasmid, pSMV13, are designated OMV46-LcrV, which contained MPLA and high amounts of LcrV (Low Calcium response V) and displayed low activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Intramuscular prime-boost immunization with 30 µg of of OMV46-LcrV exhibited substantially reduced reactogenicity than the parent OMV44-LcrV and conferred complete protection to mice against a high-dose of respiratory Y. pestis challenge. OMV46-LcrV immunization induced robust adaptive responses in both lung mucosal and systemic compartments and orchestrated innate immunity in the lung, which are correlated with rapid bacterial clearance and unremarkable lung damage during Y. pestis challenge. Additionally, OMV46-LcrV immunization conferred long-term protection. Moreover, immunization with reduced doses of OMV46-LcrV exhibited further lower reactogenicity and still provided great protection against pneumonic plague. The studies strongly demonstrate the feasibility of OMV46-LcrV as a new type of plague vaccine candidate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saugata Majumder
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Shreya Das
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Nicole Yang
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Hazel Dellario
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, USA
| | - Haixin Sui
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, USA
| | - Ziqiang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han H, Zhang Y, Tang H, Zhou T, Khan A. A Review of the Use of Native and Engineered Probiotics for Colorectal Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3896. [PMID: 38612706 PMCID: PMC11011422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious global health concern, and researchers have been investigating different strategies to prevent, treat, or support conventional therapies for CRC. This review article comprehensively covers CRC therapy involving wild-type bacteria, including probiotics and oncolytic bacteria as well as genetically modified bacteria. Given the close relationship between CRC and the gut microbiota, it is crucial to compile and present a comprehensive overview of bacterial therapies used in the context of colorectal cancer. It is evident that the use of native and engineered probiotics for colorectal cancer therapy necessitates research focused on enhancing the therapeutic properties of probiotic strains.. Genetically engineered probiotics might be designed to produce particular molecules or to target cancer cells more effectively and cure CRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Han
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK;
| | - Haibo Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (H.T.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tuoyu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (H.T.); (T.Z.)
| | - Aman Khan
- College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fooladi S, Rabiee N, Iravani S. Genetically engineered bacteria: a new frontier in targeted drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:10072-10087. [PMID: 37873584 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Genetically engineered bacteria (GEB) have shown significant promise to revolutionize modern medicine. These engineered bacteria with unique properties such as enhanced targeting, versatility, biofilm disruption, reduced drug resistance, self-amplification capabilities, and biodegradability represent a highly promising approach for targeted drug delivery and cancer theranostics. This innovative approach involves modifying bacterial strains to function as drug carriers, capable of delivering therapeutic agents directly to specific cells or tissues. Unlike synthetic drug delivery systems, GEB are inherently biodegradable and can be naturally eliminated from the body, reducing potential long-term side effects or complications associated with residual foreign constituents. However, several pivotal challenges such as safety and controllability need to be addressed. Researchers have explored novel tactics to improve their capabilities and overcome existing challenges, including synthetic biology tools (e.g., clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and bioinformatics-driven design), microbiome engineering, combination therapies, immune system interaction, and biocontainment strategies. Because of the remarkable advantages and tangible progress in this field, GEB may emerge as vital tools in personalized medicine, providing precise and controlled drug delivery for various diseases (especially cancer). In this context, future directions include the integration of nanotechnology with GEB, the focus on microbiota-targeted therapies, the incorporation of programmable behaviors, the enhancement in immunotherapy treatments, and the discovery of non-medical applications. In this way, careful ethical considerations and regulatory frameworks are necessary for developing GEB-based systems for targeted drug delivery. By addressing safety concerns, ensuring informed consent, promoting equitable access, understanding long-term effects, mitigating dual-use risks, and fostering public engagement, these engineered bacteria can be employed as promising delivery vehicles in bio- and nanomedicine. In this review, recent advances related to the application of GEB in targeted drug delivery and cancer therapy are discussed, covering crucial challenging issues and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Fooladi
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Siavash Iravani
- Independent Researcher, W Nazar ST, Boostan Ave, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Szöllősi D, Hajdrik P, Tordai H, Horváth I, Veres DS, Gillich B, Shailaja KD, Smeller L, Bergmann R, Bachmann M, Mihály J, Gaál A, Jezsó B, Barátki B, Kövesdi D, Bősze S, Szabó I, Felföldi T, Oszwald E, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás BZ, Hamdani N, Máthé D, Varga Z, Szigeti K. Molecular imaging of bacterial outer membrane vesicles based on bacterial surface display. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18752. [PMID: 37907509 PMCID: PMC10618197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The important roles of bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in various diseases and their emergence as a promising platform for vaccine development and targeted drug delivery necessitates the development of imaging techniques suitable for quantifying their biodistribution with high precision. To address this requirement, we aimed to develop an OMV specific radiolabeling technique for positron emission tomography (PET). A novel bacterial strain (E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnlpI, ΔlpxM) was created for efficient OMV production, and OMVs were characterized using various methods. SpyCatcher was anchored to the OMV outer membrane using autotransporter-based surface display systems. Synthetic SpyTag-NODAGA conjugates were tested for OMV surface binding and 64Cu labeling efficiency. The final labeling protocol shows a radiochemical purity of 100% with a ~ 29% radiolabeling efficiency and excellent serum stability. The in vivo biodistribution of OMVs labeled with 64Cu was determined in mice using PET/MRI imaging which revealed that the biodistribution of radiolabeled OMVs in mice is characteristic of previously reported data with the highest organ uptakes corresponding to the liver and spleen 3, 6, and 12 h following intravenous administration. This novel method can serve as a basis for a general OMV radiolabeling scheme and could be used in vaccine- and drug-carrier development based on bioengineered OMVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Szöllősi
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Polett Hajdrik
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Hedvig Tordai
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Horváth
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Dániel S Veres
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Bernadett Gillich
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Kanni Das Shailaja
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - László Smeller
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Ralf Bergmann
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Institute for Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 400 Bautzner Landstraße, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Judith Mihály
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Anikó Gaál
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Bálint Jezsó
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology and Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Balázs Barátki
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Dorottya Kövesdi
- Department of Immunology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- MTA-ELTE Complement Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- ELKH-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös L. Research Network, Eötvös L. University, 1/A Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Tamás Felföldi
- Department of Microbiology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 1/C Pázmány Péter Sétány, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, 29 Karolina Road, Budapest, 1113, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Oszwald
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Semmelweis University, 58 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Balázs Zoltán Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 30823, Singapore
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Cellular and Translational Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- HCEMM-Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Budapest, Budapest, 1089, Hungary
| | - Domokos Máthé
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- CROmed Translational Research Centers, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- In Vivo Imaging Advanced Core Facility, Hungarian Center of Excellence for Molecular Medicine (HCEMM), 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
- Biological Nanochemistry Research Group, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar Tudósok Körútja, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Szigeti
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Majumder S, Das S, Li P, Yang N, Dellario H, Sui H, Guan Z, Sun W. Pneumonic plague protection induced by a monophosphoryl lipid A decorated Yersinia outer-membrane-vesicle vaccine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.17.553697. [PMID: 37645871 PMCID: PMC10462118 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.553697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
A newly constructed Yersinia pseudotuberculosis mutant (YptbS46) carrying the lpxE insertion and pmrF-J deletion exclusively synthesized an adjuvant form of lipid A, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) isolated from YptbS46 harboring an lcrV expression plasmid, pSMV13, were designated OMV 46 -LcrV, which contained MPLA and high amounts of LcrV and displayed low activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Similar to the previous OMV 44 -LcrV, intramuscular prime-boost immunization with 30 µg of OMV 46 -LcrV exhibited substantially reduced reactogenicity and conferred complete protection to mice against a high-dose of respiratory Y. pestis challenge. OMV 46 -LcrV immunization induced robust adaptive responses in both lung mucosal and systemic compartments and orchestrated innate immunity in the lung, which were correlated with rapid bacterial clearance and unremarkable lung damage during Y. pestis challenge. Additionally, OMV 46 -LcrV immunization conferred long-term protection. Moreover, immunization with reduced doses of OMV 46 -LcrV exhibited further lower reactogenicity and still provided great protection against pneumonic plague. Our studies strongly demonstrate the feasibility of OMV 46 -LcrV as a new type of plague vaccine candidate.
Collapse
|
8
|
Berzosa M, Delgado-López A, Irache JM, Gamazo C. Optimization of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Outer Membrane Vesicles Production and Isolation Method for Vaccination Purposes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2088. [PMID: 37630648 PMCID: PMC10458947 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The study addresses Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a significant concern in low-income countries. Despite its prevalence, there is no licensed vaccine against ETEC. Bacterial vesicle-based vaccines are promising due to their safety and diverse virulence factors. However, cost-effective production requires enhancing vesicle yield while considering altered properties due to isolation methods. The proposed method involves heat treatment and ultrafiltration to recover vesicles from bacterial cultures. Two vesicle types, collected from heat-treated (HT-OMV) or untreated (NT-OMV) cultures, were compared. Vesicles were isolated via ultrafiltration alone ("complete") or with ultracentrifugation ("sediment"). Preliminary findings suggest complete HT-OMV vesicles are suitable for an ETEC vaccine. They express important proteins (OmpA, OmpX, OmpW) and virulence factors (adhesin TibA). Sized optimally (50-200 nm) for mucosal vaccination, they activate macrophages, inducing marker expression (CD40, MHCII, CD80, CD86) and Th1/Th2 cytokine release (IL-6, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL12p70, IL-10). This study confirms non-toxicity in RAW 264.7 cells and the in vivo ability of complete HT-OMV to generate significant IgG2a/IgG1 serum antibodies. Results suggest promise for a cost-effective ETEC vaccine, requiring further research on in vivo toxicity, pathogen-specific antibody detection, and protective efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melibea Berzosa
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alberto Delgado-López
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Irache
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Gamazo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Navarra Medical Research Institute (IdiSNA), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu H, Lu Y, Lan F, Wang Y, Hu C, Mao L, Wu D, Li F, Song H. Engineering Outer Membrane Vesicles to Increase Extracellular Electron Transfer of Shewanella oneidensis. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:1645-1656. [PMID: 37140342 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Gram-negative bacteria play an essential role in cellular physiology. The underlying regulatory mechanism of OMV formation and its impact on extracellular electron transfer (EET) in the model exoelectrogenShewanella oneidensis MR-1 remain unclear and have not been reported. To explore the regulatory mechanism of OMV formation, we used the CRISPR-dCas9 gene repression technology to reduce the crosslink between the peptidoglycan (PG) layer and the outer membrane, thus promoting the OMV formation. We screened the target genes that were potentially beneficial to the outer membrane bulge, which were classified into two modules: PG integrity module (Module 1) and outer membrane component module (Module 2). We found that downregulation of the penicillin-binding protein-encoding gene pbpC for peptidoglycan integrity (Module 1) and the N-acetyl-d-mannosamine dehydrogenase-encoding gene wbpP involved in lipopolysaccharide synthesis (Module 2) exhibited the highest production of OMVs and enabled the highest output power density of 331.3 ± 1.2 and 363.8 ± 9.9 mW m-2, 6.33- and 6.96-fold higher than that of the wild-typeS. oneidensis MR-1 (52.3 ± 0.6 mW m-2), respectively. To elucidate the specific impacts of OMV formation on EET, OMVs were isolated and quantified for UV-visible spectroscopy and heme staining characterization. Our study showed that abundant outer membrane c-type cytochromes (c-Cyts) including MtrC and OmcA and periplasmic c-Cyts were exposed on the surface or inside of OMVs, which were the vital constituents responsible for EET. Meanwhile, we found that the overproduction of OMVs could facilitate biofilm formation and increase biofilm conductivity. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to explore the mechanism of OMV formation and its correlation with EET of S. oneidensis, which paves the way for further study of OMV-mediated EET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yujun Lu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fei Lan
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chaoning Hu
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lingfeng Mao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Deguang Wu
- Department of Brewing Engineering, Moutai Institute, Luban Ave, Renhuai 564507, Guizhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Hao Song
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Krishnan N, Peng FX, Mohapatra A, Fang RH, Zhang L. Genetically engineered cellular nanoparticles for biomedical applications. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122065. [PMID: 36841215 PMCID: PMC10542936 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoparticles derived from cellular membranes have been increasingly explored for the prevention and treatment of human disease. With their flexible design and ability to interface effectively with the surrounding environment, these biomimetic nanoparticles can outperform their traditional synthetic counterparts. As their popularity has increased, researchers have developed novel ways to modify the nanoparticle surface to introduce new or enhanced capabilities. Moving beyond naturally occurring materials derived from wild-type cells, genetic manipulation has proven to be a robust and flexible method by which nanoformulations with augmented functionalities can be generated. In this review, an overview of genetic engineering approaches to express novel surface proteins is provided, followed by a discussion on the various biomedical applications of genetically modified cellular nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishta Krishnan
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Fei-Xing Peng
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Animesh Mohapatra
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aytar Çelik P, Erdogan-Gover K, Barut D, Enuh BM, Amasya G, Sengel-Türk CT, Derkus B, Çabuk A. Bacterial Membrane Vesicles as Smart Drug Delivery and Carrier Systems: A New Nanosystems Tool for Current Anticancer and Antimicrobial Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041052. [PMID: 37111538 PMCID: PMC10142793 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are known to be critical communication tools in several pathophysiological processes between bacteria and host cells. Given this situation, BMVs for transporting and delivering exogenous therapeutic cargoes have been inspiring as promising platforms for developing smart drug delivery systems (SDDSs). In the first section of this review paper, starting with an introduction to pharmaceutical technology and nanotechnology, we delve into the design and classification of SDDSs. We discuss the characteristics of BMVs including their size, shape, charge, effective production and purification techniques, and the different methods used for cargo loading and drug encapsulation. We also shed light on the drug release mechanism, the design of BMVs as smart carriers, and recent remarkable findings on the potential of BMVs for anticancer and antimicrobial therapy. Furthermore, this review covers the safety of BMVs and the challenges that need to be overcome for clinical use. Finally, we discuss the recent advancements and prospects for BMVs as SDDSs and highlight their potential in revolutionizing the fields of nanomedicine and drug delivery. In conclusion, this review paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art field of BMVs as SDDSs, encompassing their design, composition, fabrication, purification, and characterization, as well as the various strategies used for targeted delivery. Considering this information, the aim of this review is to provide researchers in the field with a comprehensive understanding of the current state of BMVs as SDDSs, enabling them to identify critical gaps and formulate new hypotheses to accelerate the progress of the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Aytar Çelik
- Environmental Protection and Control Program, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26110, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
| | - Kubra Erdogan-Gover
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
| | - Dilan Barut
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
| | - Blaise Manga Enuh
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
| | - Gülin Amasya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Tuba Sengel-Türk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Burak Derkus
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara 06560, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çabuk
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir 26040, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jalalifar S, Morovati Khamsi H, Hosseini-Fard SR, Karampoor S, Bajelan B, Irajian G, Mirzaei R. Emerging role of microbiota derived outer membrane vesicles to preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic proposes. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:3. [PMID: 36658631 PMCID: PMC9850788 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of gut microbiota and its products in human health and disease is profoundly investigated. The communication between gut microbiota and the host involves a complicated network of signaling pathways via biologically active molecules generated by intestinal microbiota. Some of these molecules could be assembled within nanoparticles known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Recent studies propose that OMVs play a critical role in shaping immune responses, including homeostasis and acute inflammatory responses. Moreover, these OMVs have an immense capacity to be applied in medical research, such as OMV-based vaccines and drug delivery. This review presents a comprehensive overview of emerging knowledge about biogenesis, the role, and application of these bacterial-derived OMVs, including OMV-based vaccines, OMV adjuvants characteristics, OMV vehicles (in conjugated vaccines), cancer immunotherapy, and drug carriers and delivery systems. Moreover, we also highlight the significance of the potential role of these OMVs in diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Jalalifar
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Morovati Khamsi
- grid.418970.3Department of Quality Control, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Hosseini-Fard
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahar Bajelan
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Irajian
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Microbial Biotechnology Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- grid.420169.80000 0000 9562 2611Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Castillo-Romero KF, Santacruz A, González-Valdez J. Production and purification of bacterial membrane vesicles for biotechnology applications: Challenges and opportunities. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:107-124. [PMID: 36398478 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202200133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are bi-layered nanostructures derived from Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Among other pathophysiological roles, BMVs are critical messengers in intercellular communication. As a result, BMVs are emerging as a promising technology for the development of numerous therapeutic applications. Despite the remarkable progress in unveiling BMV biology and functions in recent years, their successful isolation and purification have been limited. Several challenges related to vesicle purity, yield, and scalability severely hamper the further development of BMVs for biotechnology and clinical applications. This review focuses on the current technologies and methodologies used in BMV production and purification, such as ultracentrifugation, density-gradient centrifugation, size-exclusion chromatography, ultrafiltration, and precipitation. We also discuss the current challenges related to BMV isolation, large-scale production, storage, and stability that limit their application. More importantly, the present work explains the most recent strategies proposed for overcoming those challenges. Finally, we summarize the ongoing applications of BMVs in the biotechnological field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keshia F Castillo-Romero
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Arlette Santacruz
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - José González-Valdez
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wild Wheat Rhizosphere-Associated Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Exudates: Effect on Root Development in Modern Wheat and Composition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315248. [PMID: 36499572 PMCID: PMC9740669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diazotrophic bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of a wild wheat ancestor, grown from its refuge area in the Fertile Crescent, were found to be efficient Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), upon interaction with an elite wheat cultivar. In nitrogen-starved plants, they increased the amount of nitrogen in the seed crop (per plant) by about twofold. A bacterial growth medium was developed to investigate the effects of bacterial exudates on root development in the elite cultivar, and to analyze the exo-metabolomes and exo-proteomes. Altered root development was observed, with distinct responses depending on the strain, for instance, with respect to root hair development. A first conclusion from these results is that the ability of wheat to establish effective beneficial interactions with PGPRs does not appear to have undergone systematic deep reprogramming during domestication. Exo-metabolome analysis revealed a complex set of secondary metabolites, including nutrient ion chelators, cyclopeptides that could act as phytohormone mimetics, and quorum sensing molecules having inter-kingdom signaling properties. The exo-proteome-comprised strain-specific enzymes, and structural proteins belonging to outer-membrane vesicles, are likely to sequester metabolites in their lumen. Thus, the methodological processes we have developed to collect and analyze bacterial exudates have revealed that PGPRs constitutively exude a highly complex set of metabolites; this is likely to allow numerous mechanisms to simultaneously contribute to plant growth promotion, and thereby to also broaden the spectra of plant genotypes (species and accessions/cultivars) with which beneficial interactions can occur.
Collapse
|
15
|
Laurin D, Mercier C, Quansah N, Robert JS, Usson Y, Schneider D, Hindré T, Schaack B. Extracellular Vesicles from 50,000 Generation Clones of the Escherichia coli Long-Term Evolution Experiment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314580. [PMID: 36498912 PMCID: PMC9737989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical elements of cell-cell communication. Here, we characterized the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) released by specific clones of Escherichia coli isolated from the Long-Term Evolution Experiment after 50,000 generations (50K) of adaptation to glucose minimal medium. Compared with their ancestor, the evolved clones produce small OMVs but also larger ones which display variable amounts of both OmpA and LPS. Tracking ancestral, fluorescently labelled OMVs revealed that they fuse with both ancestral- and 50K-evolved cells, albeit in different proportions. We quantified that less than 2% of the cells from one 50K-evolved clone acquired the fluorescence delivered by OMVs from the ancestral strain but that one cell concomitantly fuses with several OMVs. Globally, our results showed that OMV production in E. coli is a phenotype that varies along bacterial evolution and question the contribution of OMVs-mediated interactions in bacterial adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Laurin
- Département Scientifique Auvergne Rhône-Alpes, Etablissement Français du Sang, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209 & CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Mercier
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Nyamekye Quansah
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Julie Suzanne Robert
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Usson
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Dominique Schneider
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Hindré
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Béatrice Schaack
- CNRS, UMR 5525, VetAgro Sup, Grenoble INP, TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, CNRS, IBS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38044 Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Comparative Genomics Analysis and Outer Membrane Vesicle-Mediated Horizontal Antibiotic-Resistance Gene Transfer in Avibacterium paragallinarum. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0137922. [PMID: 36000914 PMCID: PMC9603892 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01379-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Avibacterium paragallinarum is the etiological agent of infectious coryza, an acute respiratory disease of chickens that is globally distributed and causes serious economic losses for chicken production. A. paragallinarum is a Gram-negative bacterium that releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). In this study, a comparative genomic analysis of A. paragallinarum isolate P4chr1 and its OMVs was carried out, and the ability to transfer antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) via the OMVs was studied. Sequencing and data analyses demonstrated that the genomic size of A. paragallinarum P4chr1 was approximately 2.77 Mb with a 25 kb tolerance island that covered six types of antibiotics and 11 ARGs. The genomic size of its OMVs was approximately 2.69 Mb, covering 97% of the genomic length and almost all the gene sequences of P4chr1. Purified and DNase-treated A. paragallinarum P4chr1 OMVs were cocultured with the antibiotic-sensitive A. paragallinarum Modesto strain on an antibiotic (chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tetracycline, or streptomycin)-containing plate, and the corresponding ARGs were detected in the colonies grown on the plates. However, using an antimicrobial susceptibility test, we found that ARGs delivered by OMVs were not persistent but only appeared transiently on the antibiotic-containing plates. Antibiotic resistance and ARGs were lost by the second bacterial passage. IMPORTANCE The functions and roles of OMVs on ARG and virulent gene transfer and dissemination have been reported in numerous Gram-negative bacteria. However, the role of OMVs in mediating antibiotic resistance in A. paragallinarum has not been reported. This study is the first report to compare the genomic characteristics of OMVs with its parent A. paragallinarum strain and to study A. paragallinarum ARG transfer via OMVs. This work has provided useful data for further studies focusing on nonplasmid ARG transfer mediated by A. paragallinarum OMVs.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kashyap D, Panda M, Baral B, Varshney N, R S, Bhandari V, Parmar HS, Prasad A, Jha HC. Outer Membrane Vesicles: An Emerging Vaccine Platform. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1578. [PMID: 36298443 PMCID: PMC9610665 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants are substances that improve the immune capacity of a recombinant vaccine to a great extent and have been in use since the early 1900s; they are primarily short-lived and initiate antigen activity, mainly an inflammatory response. With the developing technologies and innovation, early options such as alum were modified, yet the inorganic nature of major vaccine adjuvants caused several side effects. Outer membrane vesicles, which respond to the stressed environment, are small nano-sized particles secreted by gram-negative bacteria. The secretory nature of OMV gives us many benefits in terms of infection bioengineering. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of bacteria's outer membrane vesicles (OMV) and their potential usage as adjuvants in making OMV-based vaccines. The OMV adjuvant-based vaccines can be a great benefactor, and there are ongoing trials for formulating OMV adjuvant-based vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. This study emphasizes engineering the OMVs to develop better versions for safety purposes. This article will also provide a gist about the advantages and disadvantages of such vaccines, along with other aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kashyap
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Mrutyunjaya Panda
- Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela 769008, India
| | - Budhadev Baral
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Nidhi Varshney
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| | - Sajitha R
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Noida, Amity 201313, India
| | - Vasundhra Bhandari
- Department of Biological Science, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, India
| | | | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi 175005, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453552, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Engineering of a bacterial outer membrane vesicle to a nano-scale reactor for the biodegradation of β-lactam antibiotics. J Biotechnol 2022; 356:1-7. [PMID: 35870620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are small unilamellar proteoliposomes, which are involved in various functions including cell to cell signaling and protein excretion. Here, we have engineered the OMVs of Escherichia coli to nano-scaled bioreactors for the degradation of β-lactam antibiotics. This was exploited by targeting a β-lactamase (i.e., CMY-10) into the OMVs of a hyper-vesiculating E. coli BL21(DE3) mutant. The CMY-10-containing OMVs, prepared from the E. coli mutant cultures, were able to hydrolyze β-lactam ring of nitrocefin and meropenem to a specific rate of 6.6 × 10-8 and 3.9 × 10-12 μmol/min/µm3 of OMV, which is approximately 100 and 600-fold greater than those of E. coli-based whole-cell biocatalsyts. Furthermore, CMY-10, which was encapsulated in the engineered OMVs, was much more stable against temperature and acid stresses, as compared to free enzymes in aqueous phase. The OMV-based nano-scaled reaction system would be useful for the remediation of a variety of antibiotics pollution for food and agricultural industry.
Collapse
|
19
|
Mat Rani NNI, Alzubaidi ZM, Butt AM, Mohammad Faizal NDF, Sekar M, Azhari H, Mohd Amin MCI. Outer membrane vesicles as biomimetic vaccine carriers against infections and cancers. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1784. [PMID: 35194964 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, nanoparticle-based therapeutic modalities have emerged as promising treatment options for cancer and infectious diseases. To improve prognosis, chemotherapeutic and antimicrobial drugs must be delivered selectively to the target sites. Researchers have increasingly focused their efforts on improving drug delivery, with a particular emphasis on cancer and infectious diseases. When drugs are administered systemically, they become diluted and can diffuse to all tissues but only until the immune system intervenes and quickly removes them from circulation. To enhance and prolong the systemic circulation of drugs, nanocarriers have been explored and used; however, nanocarriers have a major drawback in that they can trigger immune responses. Numerous nanocarriers for optimal drug delivery have been developed using innovative and effective biointerface technologies. Autologous cell-derived drug carriers, such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), have demonstrated improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity. Thus, this study investigates the use of biomimetic OMVs as biomimetic vaccine carriers against infections and cancers to improve our understanding in the field of nanotechnology. In addition, discussion on the advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects of OMVs will also be explored. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Zahraa M Alzubaidi
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adeel Masood Butt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nur Dini Fatini Mohammad Faizal
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Hanisah Azhari
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Krishnan N, Kubiatowicz LJ, Holay M, Zhou J, Fang RH, Zhang L. Bacterial membrane vesicles for vaccine applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114294. [PMID: 35436569 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines have been highly successful in the management of many diseases. However, there are still numerous illnesses, both infectious and noncommunicable, for which there are no clinically approved vaccine formulations. While there are unique difficulties that must be overcome in the case of each specific disease, there are also a number of common challenges that have to be addressed for effective vaccine development. In recent years, bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) have received increased attention as a potent and versatile vaccine platform. BMVs are inherently immunostimulatory and are able to activate both innate and adaptive immune responses. Additionally, BMVs can be readily taken up and processed by immune cells due to their nanoscale size. Finally, BMVs can be modified in a variety of ways, including by genetic engineering, cargo loading, and nanoparticle coating, in order to create multifunctional platforms that can be leveraged against different diseases. Here, an overview of the interactions between BMVs and immune cells is provided, followed by discussion on the applications of BMV vaccine nanotechnology against bacterial infections, viral infections, and cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nishta Krishnan
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Luke J Kubiatowicz
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Maya Holay
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jiarong Zhou
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ronnie H Fang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of NanoEngineering, Chemical Engineering Program, and Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Imran M, Akhileshwar Jha L, Hasan N, Shrestha J, Pangeni R, Parvez N, Mohammed Y, Kumar Jha S, Raj Paudel K. “Nanodecoys”- Future of drug delivery by encapsulating nanoparticles in natural cell membranes. Int J Pharm 2022; 621:121790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
22
|
Abstract
AbstractThe complex composition of bacterial membranes has a significant impact on the understanding of pathogen function and their development towards antibiotic resistance. In addition to the inherent complexity and biosafety risks of studying biological pathogen membranes, the continual rise of antibiotic resistance and its significant economical and clinical consequences has motivated the development of numerous in vitro model membrane systems with tuneable compositions, geometries, and sizes. Approaches discussed in this review include liposomes, solid-supported bilayers, and computational simulations which have been used to explore various processes including drug-membrane interactions, lipid-protein interactions, host–pathogen interactions, and structure-induced bacterial pathogenesis. The advantages, limitations, and applicable analytical tools of all architectures are summarised with a perspective for future research efforts in architectural improvement and elucidation of resistance development strategies and membrane-targeting antibiotic mechanisms.
Collapse
|
23
|
Balhuizen MD, Versluis CM, van Grondelle MO, Veldhuizen EJ, Haagsman HP. Modulation of outer membrane vesicle-based immune responses by cathelicidins. Vaccine 2022; 40:2399-2408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
24
|
Bacteria and bacterial derivatives as delivery carriers for immunotherapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 181:114085. [PMID: 34933064 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of microorganisms in human health and disease, with evidence showing that new types of biotherapy using engineered bacterial therapeutics, including bacterial derivatives, can address specific mechanisms of disease. The complex interactions between microorganisms and metabolic/immunologic pathways underlie many diseases with unmet medical needs, suggesting that targeting these interactions may improve patient treatment. Using tools from synthetic biology and chemical engineering, non-pathogenic bacteria or bacterial products can be programmed and designed to sense and respond to environmental signals to deliver therapeutic effectors. This review describes current progress in biotherapy using live bacteria and their derivatives to achieve therapeutic benefits against various diseases.
Collapse
|
25
|
Boruah JS, Sankaranarayanan K, Chowdhury D. Insight into carbon quantum dot-vesicles interactions: role of functional groups. RSC Adv 2022; 12:4382-4394. [PMID: 35425434 PMCID: PMC8981176 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08809b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding carbon quantum dot–cell membrane interaction is essential for designing an effective nanoparticle-based drug delivery system. In this study, an attempt has been made to study the interaction involving phosphatidylcholine vesicles (PHOS VES, as model cell membrane) and four different carbon quantum dots bearing different functional groups (–COOH, –NH2, –OH, and protein bovine serum albumin coated) using various tools such as PL behavior, surface charge on vesicles, QCM, ITC, TEM, LSV, and FTIR. From the above studies, it was observed that the –NH2 terminating carbon dots were capable of binding strongly with the vesicles whereas other functional groups bearing carbon dots were not significantly interacting. This observation was also supported by direct visual evidence as shown by transmission electron microscopy, which shows that the polyethyleneimine carbon dot (PEICD) bearing –NH2 functionality has greater affinity towards PHOS VES. The mechanistic insight presented in the paper indicates greater possibility of higher H-bonding, signifying better interaction between –NH2 functionalized carbon dots and PHOS VES supported by FTIR, QCM, ITC and TEM. Moreover, the transport of neurotransmitters (which are generally amine compound) in neurons for cellular communication through synapse is only possible through vesicular platforms, showing that in our body, such interactions are already present. Such studies on the nano–bio interface will help biomedical researchers design efficient carbon-based nanomaterial as drug/gene delivery vehicles. An interaction study at the nano–bio interface involving phosphatidylcholine vesicles (as a model cell membrane) and four different carbon dots bearing different functional groups (–COOH, –NH2, –OH, and BSA-coated).![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta S Boruah
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati 781035 India.,Department of Chemistry, Cotton University Guwahati Assam India
| | - Kamatchi Sankaranarayanan
- Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati 781035 India
| | - Devasish Chowdhury
- Material Nanochemistry Laboratory, Physical Sciences Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk Guwahati 781035 India
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Çelik P, Derkuş B, Erdoğan K, Barut D, Manga EB, Yıldırım Y, Pecha S, Çabuk A. Bacterial membrane vesicle functions, laboratory methods, and applications. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 54:107869. [PMID: 34793882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles are cupped-shaped structures formed by bacteria in response to environmental stress, genetic alteration, antibiotic exposure, and others. Due to the structural similarities shared with the producer organism, they can retain certain characteristics like stimulating immune responses. They are also able to carry molecules for long distances, without changes in the concentration and integrity of the molecule. Bacteria originally secrete membrane vesicles for gene transfer, excretion, cell to cell interaction, pathogenesis, and protection against phages. These functions are unique and have several innovative applications in the pharmaceutical industry that have attracted both scientific and commercial interest.This led to the development of efficient methods to artificially stimulate vesicle production, purification, and manipulation in the lab at nanoscales. Also, for specific applications, engineering methods to impart pathogen antigens against specific diseases or customization as cargo vehicles to deliver payloads to specific cells have been reported. Many applications of bacteria membrane vesicles are in cancer drugs, vaccines, and adjuvant development with several candidates in clinical trials showing promising results. Despite this, applications in therapy and commercialization stay timid probably due to some challenges one of which is the poor understanding of biogenesis mechanisms. Nevertheless, so far, bacterial membrane vesicles seem to be a reliable and cost-efficient technology with several therapeutic applications. Research toward characterizing more membrane vesicles, genetic engineering, and nanotechnology will enable the scope of applications to widen. This might include solutions to other currently faced medical and healthcare-related challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- PınarAytar Çelik
- Environmental Protection and Control Program, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26110, Turkey; Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey.
| | - Burak Derkuş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kübra Erdoğan
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Dilan Barut
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Enuh Blaise Manga
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, 26040 Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Yalın Yıldırım
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Pecha
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ahmet Çabuk
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letter, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir 26040, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Naskar A, Cho H, Lee S, Kim KS. Biomimetic Nanoparticles Coated with Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles as a New-Generation Platform for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111887. [PMID: 34834302 PMCID: PMC8618801 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biomedical field is currently reaping the benefits of research on biomimetic nanoparticles (NPs), which are synthetic nanoparticles fabricated with natural cellular materials for nature-inspired biomedical applications. These camouflage NPs are capable of retaining not only the physiochemical properties of synthetic nanoparticles but also the original biological functions of the cellular materials. Accordingly, NPs coated with cell-derived membrane components have achieved remarkable growth as prospective biomedical materials. Particularly, bacterial outer membrane vesicle (OMV), which is a cell membrane coating material for NPs, is regarded as an important molecule that can be employed in several biomedical applications, including immune response activation, cancer therapeutics, and treatment for bacterial infections with photothermal activity. The currently available cell membrane-coated NPs are summarized in this review. Furthermore, the general features of bacterial OMVs and several multifunctional NPs that could serve as inner core materials in the coating strategy are presented, and several methods that can be used to prepare OMV-coated NPs (OMV-NPs) and their characterization are highlighted. Finally, some perspectives of OMV-NPs in various biomedical applications for future potential breakthrough are discussed. This in-depth review, which includes potential challenges, will encourage researchers to fabricate innovative and improvised, new-generation biomimetic materials through future biomedical applications.
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang Y, Nieh MP, Chen W, Lei Y. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enabled bio-applications: A critical review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 119:34-47. [PMID: 34698385 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanoscale spherical vesicles released from Gram-negative bacteria. The lipid bilayer membrane structure of OMVs consists of similar components as bacterial membrane and thus has attracted more and more attention in exploiting OMVs' bio-applications. Although the endotoxic lipopolysaccharide on natural OMVs may impose potential limits on their clinical applications, genetic modification can reduce their endotoxicity and decorate OMVs with multiple functional proteins. These genetically engineered OMVs have been employed in various fields including vaccination, drug delivery, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, and enzyme carrier. This review will first briefly introduce the background of OMVs followed by recent advances in functionalization and various applications of engineered OMVs with an emphasis on the working principles and their performance, and then discuss about the future trends of OMVs in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Wilfred Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fazal S, Lee R. Biomimetic Bacterial Membrane Vesicles for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1430. [PMID: 34575506 PMCID: PMC8468068 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous factors need to be considered to develop a nanodrug delivery system that is biocompatible, non-toxic, easy to synthesize, cost-effective, and feasible for scale up over and above their therapeutic efficacy. With regards to this, worldwide, exosomes, which are nano-sized vesicles obtained from mammalian cells, are being explored as a biomimetic drug delivery system that has superior biocompatibility and high translational capability. However, the economics of undertaking large-scale mammalian culture to derive exosomal vesicles for translation seems to be challenging and unfeasible. Recently, Bacterial Membrane Vesicles (BMVs) derived from bacteria are being explored as a viable alternative as biomimetic drug delivery systems that can be manufactured relatively easily at much lower costs at a large scale. Until now, BMVs have been investigated extensively as successful immunomodulating agents, but their capability as drug delivery systems remains to be explored in detail. In this review, the use of BMVs as suitable cargo delivery vehicles is discussed with focus on their use for in vivo treatment of cancer and bacterial infections reported thus far. Additionally, the different types of BMVs, factors affecting their synthesis and different cargo loading techniques used in BMVs are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruda Lee
- International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bastos PAD, Wheeler R, Boneca IG. Uptake, recognition and responses to peptidoglycan in the mammalian host. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2021; 45:5902851. [PMID: 32897324 PMCID: PMC7794044 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuaa044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota, and the plethora of signalling molecules that they generate, are a major driving force that underlies a striking range of inter-individual physioanatomic and behavioural consequences for the host organism. Among the bacterial effectors, one finds peptidoglycan, the major constituent of the bacterial cell surface. In the steady-state, fragments of peptidoglycan are constitutively liberated from bacterial members of the gut microbiota, cross the gut epithelial barrier and enter the host system. The fate of these peptidoglycan fragments, and the outcome for the host, depends on the molecular nature of the peptidoglycan, as well the cellular profile of the recipient tissue, mechanism of cell entry, the expression of specific processing and recognition mechanisms by the cell, and the local immune context. At the target level, physiological processes modulated by peptidoglycan are extremely diverse, ranging from immune activation to small molecule metabolism, autophagy and apoptosis. In this review, we bring together a fragmented body of literature on the kinetics and dynamics of peptidoglycan interactions with the mammalian host, explaining how peptidoglycan functions as a signalling molecule in the host under physiological conditions, how it disseminates within the host, and the cellular responses to peptidoglycan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A D Bastos
- Institut Pasteur, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75724, France; CNRS, UMR 2001 "Microbiologie intégrative et moléculaire", Paris 75015, France.,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 12 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Richard Wheeler
- Institut Pasteur, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75724, France; CNRS, UMR 2001 "Microbiologie intégrative et moléculaire", Paris 75015, France.,Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, Institut Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard-Vaillant, Villejuif 94800, France; INSERM UMR 1015, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Ivo G Boneca
- Institut Pasteur, Biology and genetics of the bacterial cell wall Unit, 25-28 rue du Docteur Roux, Paris 75724, France; CNRS, UMR 2001 "Microbiologie intégrative et moléculaire", Paris 75015, France
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Recombinant Pseudomonas bio-nanoparticles induce protection against pneumonic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0039621. [PMID: 34310892 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00396-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To develop an effective Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) outer-membrane-vesicles (OMVs) vaccine, we eliminated multiple virulence factors from a wild-type P. aeruginosa PA103 strain (PA103) to generate a recombinant strain, PA-m14. The PA-m14 strain was tailored with a pSMV83 plasmid encoding the pcrV-hitAT fusion gene to produce OMVs. The recombinant OMVs enclosed increased amounts of PcrV-HitAT bivalent antigen (PH) (termed OMV-PH) and exhibited reduced toxicity compared to the OMVs from PA103. Intramuscular vaccination with OMV-PH from PA-m14(pSMV83) afforded 70% protection against intranasal challenge with 6.5 × 106 CFU (∼30 LD50) of PA103, while immunization using OMVs without the PH antigen (termed OMV-NA) or the PH antigen alone failed to offer effective protection against the same challenge. Further immune analysis showed that the OMV-PH immunization significantly stimulated potent antigen-specific humoral and T-cell (Th1/Th17) responses in comparison to the PH or OMV-NA immunization in mice, which can effectively hinder PA infection. Undiluted anti-sera from OMV-PH-immunized mice displayed significant opsonophagocytic killing of WT PA103 compared to antisera from PH antigen- or OMV-NA-immunized mice. Moreover, the OMV-PH immunization afforded significant antibody-indentpednet cross-protection to mice against PAO1 and a clinical isolate AMC-PA10 strains. Collectively, the recombinant PA OMV delivering the PH bivalent antigen exhibits high immunogenicity and would be a promising next-generation vaccine candidate against PA infection.
Collapse
|
32
|
Marrazzo P, Pizzuti V, Zia S, Sargenti A, Gazzola D, Roda B, Bonsi L, Alviano F. Microfluidic Tools for Enhanced Characterization of Therapeutic Stem Cells and Prediction of Their Potential Antimicrobial Secretome. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:750. [PMID: 34206190 PMCID: PMC8300685 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is creating enormous attention on the development of new antibiotic-free therapy strategies for bacterial diseases. Mesenchymal stromal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising candidates in current clinical trials and included in several cell-therapy protocols. Together with the well-known immunomodulatory and regenerative potential of the MSC secretome, these cells have shown direct and indirect anti-bacterial effects. However, the low reproducibility and standardization of MSCs from different sources are the current limitations prior to the purification of cell-free secreted antimicrobial peptides and exosomes. In order to improve MSC characterization, novel label-free functional tests, evaluating the biophysical properties of the cells, will be advantageous for their cell profiling, population sorting, and quality control. We discuss the potential of emerging microfluidic technologies providing new insights into density, shape, and size of live cells, starting from heterogeneous or 3D cultured samples. The prospective application of these technologies to studying MSC populations may contribute to developing new biopharmaceutical strategies with a view to naturally overcoming bacterial defense mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Marrazzo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Valeria Pizzuti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Silvia Zia
- Stem Sel S.r.l., 40127 Bologna, Italy; (S.Z.); (B.R.)
| | | | - Daniele Gazzola
- Cell Dynamics i.S.r.l., 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (D.G.)
| | - Barbara Roda
- Stem Sel S.r.l., 40127 Bologna, Italy; (S.Z.); (B.R.)
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bonsi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Alviano
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (V.P.); (L.B.); (F.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Richter R, Lehr CM. Extracellular vesicles as novel assay tools to study cellular interactions of anti-infective compounds - A perspective. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:492-503. [PMID: 33857554 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sudden outbreaks of novel infectious diseases and the persistent evolution of antimicrobial resistant pathogens make it necessary to develop specific tools to quickly understand pathogen-cell interactions and to study appropriate drug delivery strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-specific biogenic transport systems, which are gaining more and more popularity as either diagnostic markers or drug delivery systems. Apart from that, there are emerging possibilities for EVs as tools to study drug penetration, drug-membrane interactions as well as pathogen-membrane interactions. However, it appears that the potential of EVs for such applications has not been fully exploited yet. Considering the vast variety of cells that can be involved in an infection, vesicle-based analytical methods are just emerging and the number of reported applications is still relatively small. Aim of this review is to discuss the current state of the art of EV-based assays, especially in the context of antimicrobial research and therapy, and to present some new perspectives for a more exhaustive and creative exploration in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Richter
- Department of Drug Delivery Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department of Drug Delivery Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dell’Annunziata F, Folliero V, Giugliano R, De Filippis A, Santarcangelo C, Izzo V, Daglia M, Galdiero M, Arciola CR, Franci G. Gene Transfer Potential of Outer Membrane Vesicles of Gram-Negative Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115985. [PMID: 34205995 PMCID: PMC8198371 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing spread of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria is one of the major threats to public health worldwide. Bacteria can acquire antibiotic resistance and virulence genes through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). A novel horizontal gene transfer mechanism mediated by outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) has been recently identified. OMVs are rounded nanostructures released during their growth by Gram-negative bacteria. Biologically active toxins and virulence factors are often entrapped within these vesicles that behave as molecular carriers. Recently, OMVs have been reported to contain DNA molecules, but little is known about the vesicle packaging, release, and transfer mechanisms. The present review highlights the role of OMVs in HGT processes in Gram-negative bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Dell’Annunziata
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (V.F.); (R.G.); (A.D.F.); (M.G.)
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (V.F.); (R.G.); (A.D.F.); (M.G.)
| | - Rosa Giugliano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (V.F.); (R.G.); (A.D.F.); (M.G.)
| | - Anna De Filippis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (V.F.); (R.G.); (A.D.F.); (M.G.)
| | - Cristina Santarcangelo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Viviana Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy;
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.S.); (M.D.)
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.D.); (V.F.); (R.G.); (A.D.F.); (M.G.)
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Research Unit on Implant Infections, Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.R.A.); (G.F.)
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy;
- Correspondence: (C.R.A.); (G.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Understanding biology promotes applications as nanopharmaceuticals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 173:125-140. [PMID: 33774113 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated communication between proximal and distant cells is a highly conserved characteristic in all of the life domains, including bacteria. These vesicles that contain a variety of biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and small-molecule metabolites play a key role in the biology of bacteria. They are one of the key underlying mechanisms behind harmful or beneficial effects of many pathogenic, symbiont, and probiotic bacteria. These nanoscale EVs mediate extensive crosstalk with mammalian cells and deliver their cargos to the host. They are stable in physiological condition, can encapsulate diverse biomolecules and nanoparticles, and their surface could be engineered with available technologies. Based on favorable characteristics of bacterial vesicles, they can be harnessed for designing a diverse range of therapeutics and diagnostics for treatment of disorders including tumors and resistant infections. However, technical limitations for their production, purification, and characterization must be addressed in future studies.
Collapse
|
36
|
Increased Production of Outer Membrane Vesicles by Salmonella Interferes with Complement-Mediated Innate Immune Attack. mBio 2021; 12:e0086921. [PMID: 34061589 PMCID: PMC8262969 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00869-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) enriched with bioactive proteins, toxins, and virulence factors play a critical role in host-pathogen and microbial interactions. The two-component system PhoP-PhoQ (PhoPQ) of Salmonella enterica orchestrates the remodeling of outer membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) molecules and concomitantly upregulates OMV production. In this study, we document a novel use of nanoparticle tracking analysis to determine bacterial OMV size and number. Among the PhoPQ-activated genes tested, pagC expression had the most significant effect on the upregulation of OMV production. We provide the first evidence that PhoPQ-mediated upregulation of OMV production contributes to bacterial survival by interfering with complement activation. OMVs protected bacteria in a dose-dependent manner, and bacteria were highly susceptible to complement-mediated killing in their absence. OMVs from bacteria expressing PagC bound to complement component C3b in a dose-dependent manner and inactivated it by recruiting complement inhibitor Factor H. As we also found that Factor H binds to PagC, we propose that PagC interferes with complement-mediated killing of Salmonella in the following two steps: first by engaging Factor H, and second, through the production of PagC-enriched OMVs that divert and inactivate the complement away from the bacteria. Since PhoPQ activation occurs intracellularly, the resultant increase in PagC expression and OMV production is suggested to contribute to the local and systemic spread of Salmonella released from dying host cells that supports the infection of new cells. IMPORTANCE Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) mediate critical bacterium-bacterium and host-microbial interactions that influence pathogenesis through multiple mechanisms, including the elicitation of inflammatory responses, delivery of virulence factors, and enhancement of biofilm formation. As such, there is a growing interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms of OMV production. Recent studies have revealed that OMV biogenesis is a finely tuned physiological process that requires structural organization and selective sorting of outer membrane components into the vesicles. In Salmonella, outer membrane remodeling and OMV production are tightly regulated by its PhoPQ system. In this study, we demonstrate that PhoPQ-regulated OMV production plays a significant role in defense against host innate immune attack. PhoPQ-activated PagC expression recruits the complement inhibitor Factor H and degrades the active C3 component of complement. Our results provide valuable insight into the combination of tools and environmental signals that Salmonella employs to evade complement-mediated lysis, thereby suggesting a strong evolutionary adaptation of this facultative intracellular pathogen to protect itself during its extracellular stage in the host.
Collapse
|
37
|
McMillan HM, Rogers N, Wadle A, Hsu-Kim H, Wiesner MR, Kuehn MJ, Hendren CO. Microbial vesicle-mediated communication: convergence to understand interactions within and between domains of life. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2021; 23:664-677. [PMID: 33899070 DOI: 10.1039/d1em00022e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
All cells produce extracellular vesicles (EVs). These biological packages contain complex mixtures of molecular cargo and have a variety of functions, including interkingdom communication. Recent discoveries highlight the roles microbial EVs may play in the environment with respect to interactions with plants as well as nutrient cycling. These studies have also identified molecules present within EVs and associated with EV surfaces that contribute to these functions. In parallel, studies of engineered nanomaterials have developed methods to track and model small particle behavior in complex systems and measure the relative importance of various surface features on transport and function. While studies of EV behavior in complex environmental conditions have not yet employed transdisciplinary approaches, it is increasingly clear that expertise from disparate fields will be critical to understand the role of EVs in these systems. Here, we outline how the convergence of biology, soil geochemistry, and colloid science can both develop and address questions surrounding the basic principles governing EV-mediated interkingdom interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M McMillan
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Nicholas Rogers
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Austin Wadle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Heileen Hsu-Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Mark R Wiesner
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Meta J Kuehn
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA and Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christine Ogilvie Hendren
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA and Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ahmed AAQ, Qi F, Zheng R, Xiao L, Abdalla AME, Mao L, Bakadia BM, Liu L, Atta OM, Li X, Shi Z, Yang G. The impact of ExHp-CD (outer membrane vesicles) released from Helicobacter pylori SS1 on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells and their immunogenic potential. Life Sci 2021; 279:119644. [PMID: 34048813 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial-derived extracellular vesicles could play a major role in attenuating and treating diseases. They play a major anti-infection role by modulating immune responses against pathogens and preventing infection by inhibiting pathogen localization and proliferation. In this study, outer membrane vesicles (ExHp-CD) released by Helicobacter pylori SS1 (H. pylori) and total antigens isolated from H. pylori SS1 (AgHp) were evaluated for their immunogenic potential and their effect on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Results demonstrated that both ExHp-CD and AgHp induced T helper 2 (Th2) immune response, which was reported to be important in immune protection against H. pylori infections. Both ExHp-CD and AgHp produced high levels of IL-10 and IL-4, while no significant levels of IL-12 p70 or IFN-γ were detected. However, ExHp-CD showed a better effect on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells compared to AgHp. Macrophage RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with 5, and 10 μg/mL of ExHp-CD showed an increased ratio of CD206 (M2 phenotype marker) and a decreased ratio of CD86 (M1 phenotype marker). Moreover, results suggested that the immunogenic effect that ExHp-CD possesses was attributed to their cargo of Epimerase_2 domain-containing protein (Epi_2D), Probable malate:quinone oxidoreductase (Pro_mqo), and Probable cytosol aminopeptidase (Pro_ca). Results demonstrated that ExHp-CD possesses an immunological activity to induce Th2 immune response against H. pylori infection with results comparable to AgHp. However, ExHp-CD showed higher efficacy regarding safety, biocompatibility, lack of toxicity, and hemocompatibility. Thus, it could serve as an immunogenic candidate with more desired characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fuyu Qi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Ruizhu Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Ahmed M E Abdalla
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Applied Science, University of Bahri, Khartoum 1660/11111, Sudan
| | - Lin Mao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bianza Moise Bakadia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Omar Mohammad Atta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhijun Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Antonelli G, Cappelli L, Cinelli P, Cuffaro R, Manca B, Nicchi S, Tondi S, Vezzani G, Viviani V, Delany I, Scarselli M, Schiavetti F. Strategies to Tackle Antimicrobial Resistance: The Example of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4943. [PMID: 34066555 PMCID: PMC8125385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional antimicrobial treatments consist of drugs which target different essential functions in pathogens. Nevertheless, bacteria continue to evolve new mechanisms to evade this drug-mediated killing with surprising speed on the deployment of each new drug and antibiotic worldwide, a phenomenon called antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Nowadays, AMR represents a critical health threat, for which new medical interventions are urgently needed. By 2050, it is estimated that the leading cause of death will be through untreatable AMR pathogens. Although antibiotics remain a first-line treatment, non-antibiotic therapies such as prophylactic vaccines and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are increasingly interesting alternatives to limit the spread of such antibiotic resistant microorganisms. For the discovery of new vaccines and mAbs, the search for effective antigens that are able to raise protective immune responses is a challenging undertaking. In this context, outer membrane vesicles (OMV) represent a promising approach, as they recapitulate the complete antigen repertoire that occurs on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria. In this review, we present Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as specific examples of key AMR threats caused by Gram-negative bacteria and we discuss the current status of mAbs and vaccine approaches under development as well as how knowledge on OMV could benefit antigen discovery strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Antonelli
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luigia Cappelli
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Cinelli
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rossella Cuffaro
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Benedetta Manca
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Nicchi
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Serena Tondi
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Giacomo Vezzani
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Viola Viviani
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FABIT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabel Delany
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
| | - Maria Scarselli
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
| | - Francesca Schiavetti
- GSK Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy; (G.A.); (L.C.); (P.C.); (R.C.); (B.M.); (S.N.); (S.T.); (G.V.); (V.V.); (I.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) Produced by Gram-Negative Bacteria: Structure, Functions, Biogenesis, and Vaccine Application. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:1490732. [PMID: 33834062 PMCID: PMC8016564 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1490732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) with 10 to 300 nm of diameter. The contribution of OMVs to bacterial pathogenesis is a topic of great interest, and their capacity to be combined with antigens impact in the future to the development of vaccines.
Collapse
|
41
|
The Effect of Growth Stage and Isolation Method on Properties of ClearColi™ Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs). Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:1602-1614. [PMID: 33687512 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02414-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized spherical blebs derived from the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) play important roles in various physiological functions of bacteria. They can be applied as native vaccines or vaccine adjuvants. The objective of this study was to determine the appropriate growth phase and isolation method for OMV separation from ClearColi™, an endotoxin-free strain of E. coli. It was demonstrated that the yield of OMVs is increased while the bacteria are growing. Herein, although total protein concentration of OMVs isolated from the stationary phase is more than other phases; the pre-stationary phase was selected for OMV isolation due to release of smaller size of OMVs as compared to other phases. In the current study, to obtain OMVs with high yield, proper size, and homogeneity, different concentration methods including protein precipitation by ammonium sulfate (AS) and ultrafiltration (UF) were combined to ultracentrifugation (UC) or precipitation-based exosome isolation kit. Among the examined isolation methods, AS (70%) + UC resulted in the highest yield of OMVs. The TEM results demonstrated bilayer round-shaped OMVs isolated by this method. Although AS (70%) + kit resulted in more heterogeneous in size and larger OMVs as compared to AS (70%) + UC, it is applicable when high yield of OMVs is required and UC is not available. Totally, isolation of ClearColi™ OMVs from pre-stationary phase using AS (70%) + UC with enhanced yield can be applied in vaccine research studies.
Collapse
|
42
|
Nie W, Wu G, Zhong H, Xie HY. Membrane vesicles nanotheranostic systems: sources, engineering methods, and challenges. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:022009. [PMID: 33307545 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abd2c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell secretory native components with long-circulation, good biocompatibility, and physiologic barriers cross ability. EVs derived from different donor cells inherit varying characteristics and functions from their original cells and are favorable to serve as vectors for diagnosing and treating various diseases. However, EVs nanotheranostics are still in their infancy because of their limited accumulation at lesion sites and compromised therapy efficiency. Hence, engineering modification of EVs is usually needed to further enhance their stability, biological activity, and lesion-targeting capacity. Herein, we overview the characteristics of EVs from different sources, as well as the latest developments of surface engineering and cargo loading methods. We also focus especially on advances in EVs-based disease theranostics. At the end of the review, we predict the obstacles and prospects of the future clinical application of EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Nie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Extracellular RNAs in Bacterial Infections: From Emerging Key Players on Host-Pathogen Interactions to Exploitable Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249634. [PMID: 33348812 PMCID: PMC7766527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are key regulators of post-transcriptional gene expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. These molecules can interact with mRNAs or proteins, affecting a variety of cellular functions. Emerging evidence shows that intra/inter-species and trans-kingdom regulation can also be achieved with exogenous RNAs, which are exported to the extracellular medium, mainly through vesicles. In bacteria, membrane vesicles (MVs) seem to be the more common way of extracellular communication. In several bacterial pathogens, MVs have been described as a delivery system of ncRNAs that upon entry into the host cell, regulate their immune response. The aim of the present work is to review this recently described mode of host-pathogen communication and to foster further research on this topic envisaging their exploitation in the design of novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies to fight bacterial infections.
Collapse
|
44
|
Begić M, Josić D. Biofilm formation and extracellular microvesicles-The way of foodborne pathogens toward resistance. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:1718-1739. [PMID: 32901923 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Almost all known foodborne pathogens are able to form biofilms as one of the strategies for survival under harsh living conditions, to ward off the inhibition and the disinfection during food production, transport and storage, as well as during cleaning and sanitation of corresponding facilities. Biofilms are communities where microbial cells live under constant intracellular interaction and communication. Members of the biofilm community are embedded into extracellular matrix that contains polysaccharides, DNA, lipids, proteins, and small molecules that protect microorganisms and enable their intercellular communication under stress conditions. Membrane vesicles (MVs) are produced by both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. These lipid membrane-enveloped nanoparticles play an important role in biofilm genesis and in communication between different biofilm members. Furthermore, MVs are involved in other important steps of bacterial life like cell wall modeling, cellular division, and intercellular communication. They also carry toxins and virulence factors, as well as nucleic acids and different metabolites, and play a key role in host infections. After entering host cells, MVs can start many pathologic processes and cause serious harm and cell death. Prevention and inhibition of both biofilm formation and shedding of MVs by foodborne pathogens has a very important role in food production, storage, and food safety in general. Better knowledge of biofilm formation and maintaining, as well as the role of microbial vesicles in this process and in the process of host cells' infection is essential for food safety and prevention of both food spoilage and host infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Begić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University, Pula, Croatia
| | - Djuro Josić
- Faculty of Medicine, Juraj Dobrila University, Pula, Croatia.,Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Caruana JC, Walper SA. Bacterial Membrane Vesicles as Mediators of Microbe - Microbe and Microbe - Host Community Interactions. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:432. [PMID: 32265873 PMCID: PMC7105600 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles are proteoliposomal nanoparticles produced by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. As they originate from the outer surface of the bacteria, their composition and content is generally similar to the parent bacterium’s membrane and cytoplasm. However, there is ample evidence that preferential packaging of proteins, metabolites, and toxins into vesicles does occur. Incorporation into vesicles imparts a number of benefits to the cargo, including protection from degradation by other bacteria, the host organism, or environmental factors, maintenance of a favorable microenvironment for enzymatic activity, and increased potential for long-distance movement. This enables vesicles to serve specialized functions tailored to changing or challenging environments, particularly in regard to microbial community interactions including quorum sensing, biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial peptide expression and deployment, and nutrient acquisition. Additionally, based on their contents, vesicles play crucial roles in host-microbe interactions as carriers of virulence factors and other modulators of host cell function. Here, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of how vesicles function as signals both within microbial communities and between pathogenic or commensal microbes and their mammalian hosts. We also highlight a few areas that are currently ripe for additional research, including the mechanisms of selective cargo packaging into membrane vesicles and of cargo processing once it enters mammalian host cells, the function of vesicles in transfer of nucleic acids among bacteria, and the possibility of engineering commensal bacteria to deliver cargo of interest to mammalian hosts in a controlled manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Caruana
- American Society for Engineering Education, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Scott A Walper
- US Naval Research Laboratory, Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Washington, DC, United States
| |
Collapse
|