1
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Li H, Fan X, Ding X, Zhang QY. Tissue-, Region-, and Gene-Specific Induction of Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase Expression and Activity in the Mouse Intestine by Arsenic in Drinking Water. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:681-689. [PMID: 38719743 PMCID: PMC11185820 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.124.001720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the effects of arsenic exposure on the expression of microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH or EPHX1) and soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH or EPHX2) in the liver and small intestine. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to sodium arsenite in drinking water at various doses for up to 28 days. Intestinal, but not hepatic, mEH mRNA and protein expression was induced by arsenic at 25 ppm, in both males and females, whereas hepatic mEH expression was induced by arsenic at 50 or 100 ppm. The induction of mEH was gene specific, as the arsenic exposure did not induce sEH expression in either tissue. Within the small intestine, mEH expression was induced only in the proximal, but not the distal segments. The induction of intestinal mEH was accompanied by increases in microsomal enzymatic activities toward a model mEH substrate, cis-stilbene oxide, and an epoxide-containing drug, oprozomib, in vitro, and by increases in the levels of PR-176, the main hydrolysis metabolite of oprozomib, in the proximal small intestine of oprozomib-treated mice. These findings suggest that intestinal mEH, playing a major role in converting xenobiotic epoxides to less reactive diols, but not sEH, preferring endogenous epoxides as substrates, is relevant to the adverse effects of arsenic exposure, and that further studies of the interactions between drinking water arsenic exposure and the disposition or possible adverse effects of epoxide-containing drugs and other xenobiotic compounds in the intestine are warranted. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Consumption of arsenic-contaminated water has been associated with increased risks of various adverse health effects, such as diabetes, in humans. The small intestinal epithelial cells are the main site of absorption of ingested arsenic, but they are not well characterized for arsenic exposure-related changes. This study identified gene expression changes in the small intestine that may be mechanistically linked to the adverse effects of arsenic exposure and possible interactions between arsenic ingestion and the pharmacokinetics of epoxide-containing drugs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xiaoyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qing-Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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2
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Burmistrov VV, Morisseau C, Shkineva TK, Danilov DV, Gladkikh B, Butov GM, Fayzullin RR, Dutova TY, Hammock BD, Dalinger IL. Adamantyl-ureas with pyrazoles substituted by fluoroalkanes as soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. J Fluor Chem 2023; 266:110087. [PMID: 37638129 PMCID: PMC10457016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2023.110087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors containing halogenated pyrazoles was developed. Inhibition potency of the obtained compounds ranges from 0.8 to 27.5 nM. 1-Adamantyl-3-[(4,5-dichloro-1-methyl-1Н-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl]urea (3f, IC50 = 0.8 nM) and 1-[(Adamantan-1-yl)methyl]-3-[(4,5-dichloro-1-methyl-1Н-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl]urea (4f, IC50 = 1.2 nM) were found to be the most potent sEH inhibitors within the described series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V. Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, 42a Engels Street, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tatyana K. Shkineva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Lenin Avenue, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry V. Danilov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, 42a Engels Street, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Boris Gladkikh
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, 42a Engels Street, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Gennady M. Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, 42a Engels Street, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Street, Kazan, 420088, Russia
| | - Tatyana Ya. Dutova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Lenin Avenue, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Igor L. Dalinger
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Lenin Avenue, Moscow 119991, Russia
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3
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Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors Based on Selenoureas Bearing an Adamantane Moiety. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810710. [PMID: 36142611 PMCID: PMC9501280 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory potency of the series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) based on the selenourea moiety and containing adamantane and aromatic lipophilic groups ranges from 34.3 nM to 1.2 μM. The most active compound 5d possesses aliphatic spacers between the selenourea group and lipophilic fragments. Synthesized compounds were tested against the LPS-induced activation of primary murine macrophages. The most prominent anti-inflammatory activity, defined as a suppression of nitric oxide synthesis by LPS-stimulated macrophages, was demonstrated for compounds 4a and 5b. The cytotoxicity of the obtained substances was studied using human neuroblastoma and fibroblast cell cultures. Using these cell assays, the cytotoxic concentration for 4a was 4.7–18.4 times higher than the effective anti-inflammatory concentration. The genotoxicity and the ability to induce oxidative stress was studied using bacterial lux-biosensors. Substance 4a does not exhibit genotoxic properties, but it can cause oxidative stress at concentrations above 50 µM. Put together, the data showed the efficacy and safety of compound 4a.
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4
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Schuiten ED, Badenhorst CPS, Palm GJ, Berndt L, Lammers M, Mican J, Bednar D, Damborsky J, Bornscheuer UT. Promiscuous Dehalogenase Activity of the Epoxide Hydrolase CorEH from Corynebacterium sp. C12. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva D. Schuiten
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christoffel P. S. Badenhorst
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gottfried J. Palm
- Department of Synthetic and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Leona Berndt
- Department of Synthetic and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Lammers
- Department of Synthetic and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Mican
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Bednar
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne’s Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Damborsky
- Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne’s Hospital, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Department of Biotechnology & Enzyme Catalysis, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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5
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Hassan HM, Al-Wahaibi LH, Shehatou GS, El-Emam AA. Adamantane-linked isothiourea derivatives suppress the growth of experimental hepatocellular carcinoma via inhibition of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:350-369. [PMID: 33575076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, in vitro cytotoxic effects of seven adamantyl isothiourea derivatives were evaluated against five human tumor cell lines using the MTT assay. Compounds 5 and 6 were found to be the most active derivatives particularly against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To decipher the potential mechanisms involved, in vivo studies were conducted in rats by inducing HCC via chronic thioacetamide (TAA) administration (200 mg/kg, i.p., twice weekly) for 16 weeks. Compounds 5 and 6 were administered to HCC rats, at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day, for further 2 weeks. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of compounds 5 and 6 were compared to those of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOXO). In the HCC rat model, compounds 5 and 6 significantly reduced serum levels of ALT, AST with ALP and α-fetoprotein. H & E and Masson trichrome staining revealed that both compounds suppressed hepatocyte tumorigenesis and diminished fibrosis, inflammation and other histopathological alterations. Mechanistically, compounds 5 and 6 markedly decreased protein expression levels of α-SMA, sEH, p-NF-κB p65, TLR4, MyD88, TRAF-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and TGF-β1, whereas they increased caspase-3 expression in liver tissues of HCC rats. In most analyses, the effects of compound 6 were more comparable to DOXO than compound 5. These findings suggested that the compounds 5 and 6 displayed in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic potential against HCC, probably via inhibition of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology International Costal Road, Gamasa 11152, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Lamya H Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - George Sg Shehatou
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology International Costal Road, Gamasa 11152, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ali A El-Emam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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6
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Schulz EC, Henderson SR, Illarionov B, Crosskey T, Southall SM, Krichel B, Uetrecht C, Fischer M, Wilmanns M. The crystal structure of mycobacterial epoxide hydrolase A. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16539. [PMID: 33024154 PMCID: PMC7538969 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73452-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the causative agent of tuberculosis resulting in over 1 million fatalities every year, despite decades of research into the development of new anti-TB compounds. Unlike most other organisms M. tuberculosis has six putative genes for epoxide hydrolases (EH) of the α/β-hydrolase family with little known about their individual substrates, suggesting functional significance for these genes to the organism. Due to their role in detoxification, M. tuberculosis EH’s have been identified as potential drug targets. Here, we demonstrate epoxide hydrolase activity of M. thermoresistibile epoxide hydrolase A (Mth-EphA) and report its crystal structure in complex with the inhibitor 1,3-diphenylurea at 2.0 Å resolution. Mth-EphA displays high sequence similarity to its orthologue from M. tuberculosis and generally high structural similarity to α/β-hydrolase EHs. The structure of the inhibitor bound complex reveals the geometry of the catalytic residues and the conformation of the inhibitor. Comparison to other EHs from mycobacteria allows insight into the active site plasticity with respect to substrate specificity. We speculate that mycobacterial EHs may have a narrow substrate specificity providing a potential explanation for the genetic repertoire of epoxide hydrolase genes in M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike C Schulz
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chausee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany. .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestrasse 85, 22603, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Sara R Henderson
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestrasse 85, 22603, Hamburg, Germany.,Norwich Medical School, Rosalind Franklin Road, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Boris Illarionov
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Crosskey
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestrasse 85, 22603, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stacey M Southall
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestrasse 85, 22603, Hamburg, Germany.,Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6DG, UK
| | - Boris Krichel
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistraße 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Uetrecht
- Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistraße 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.,European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Markus Fischer
- Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wilmanns
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Unit, Notkestrasse 85, 22603, Hamburg, Germany.,University of Hamburg Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Karlov D, Pitushkin D, Vernigora A, Rasskazova E, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Bioisosteric substitution of adamantane with bicyclic lipophilic groups improves water solubility of human soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127430. [PMID: 32736212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) containing lipophilic groups of natural origin (camphanyl, norcamphanyl, furan-2-yl) were developed. Inhibitory potency ranging from 0.4 nM to 2.16 μM were obtained. While having the same level of inhibitory activity bicyclic ureas are up to 10-fold more soluble than the corresponding ureas containing adamantyl or 4-trifluoromethoxyphenyl substituents. This makes them easier to formulate, more bioavailable and thus more promising as therapeutic sEH inhibitors. Endo/exo-form of compound 2b derived from l-camphor is 14-fold more potent than the corresponding analogue derived from d-camphor (IC50 = 3.7 nM vs. 50.6 nM) indicating enantiomeric preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia; School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dmitry Karlov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow 143026, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Dmitry Pitushkin
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia; School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Andrey Vernigora
- School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Elena Rasskazova
- School of Chemistry, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400131, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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8
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Alasadi RT, Burmistrov VV, Pitushkin DA, Kuznetsov AI, Butov GM. Reactions of Isocyanatoadamantanes with 3,6-Diazahomoadamantan-9-ylidene-substituted Hydrazines and Oximes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020050012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, D'yachenko V, Rybakov VB, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Fluoroaromatic fragments on 1,3-disubstituted ureas enhance soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition. J Fluor Chem 2020; 220:48-53. [PMID: 32132741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors containing 2-fluorophenyl fragment was developed. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 0.7 to 630.9 nM. 1-(Adamantan-1-ylmethyl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl) urea (3b, IC50 = 0.7 nM) and 1-(adamantan-2-yl)-3-(2-fluorophenyl) urea (3i, IC50 =1.0 nM) were found to be the most potent sEH inhibitors within the described series. Crystal results suggest that potency is probably enhanced by extra hydrogen bond between the fluorine atom and catalytic tyrosine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Vladimir D'yachenko
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Victor B Rybakov
- Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, General Chemistry Faculty, Chemistry Department, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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10
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, D'yachenko V, Karlov D, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Imidazolidine-2,4,5- and pirimidine-2,4,6-triones - New primary pharmacophore for soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors with enhanced water solubility. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:126908. [PMID: 31870649 PMCID: PMC6957307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) containing imidazolidine-2,4,5-trione or pirimidine-2,4,6-trione has been synthesized. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 8.4 μM to 0.4 nM. The tested compounds possess higher water solubility than their preceding ureas. Molecular docking indicates new bond between the triones and the active site of sEH that in part explain the observed potency of the new pharmacophores. While less potent than the corresponding ureas, the modifications of urea group reported herein yield compounds with higher water solubility, thus permitting easier formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Vladimir D'yachenko
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Dmitry Karlov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow 143026, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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11
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Codony S, Valverde E, Leiva R, Brea J, Isabel Loza M, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Vázquez S. Exploring the size of the lipophilic unit of the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115078. [PMID: 31488357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors are potential drugs for several diseases. Adamantyl ureas are excellent sEH inhibitors but have limited metabolic stability. Herein, we report the effect of replacing the adamantane group by alternative polycyclic hydrocarbons on sEH inhibition, solubility, permeability and metabolic stability. Compounds bearing smaller or larger polycyclic hydrocarbons than adamantane yielded all good inhibition potency of the human sEH (0.4 ≤ IC50 ≤ 21.7 nM), indicating that sEH is able to accommodate inhibitors of very different size. Human liver microsomal stability of diamantane containing inhibitors is lower than that of their corresponding adamantane counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Codony
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Elena Valverde
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Rosana Leiva
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - José Brea
- Innopharma Screening Platform, Biofarma Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Isabel Loza
- Innopharma Screening Platform, Biofarma Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
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12
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13
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Lukin A, Kramer J, Hartmann M, Weizel L, Hernandez-Olmos V, Falahati K, Burghardt I, Kalinchenkova N, Bagnyukova D, Zhurilo N, Rautio J, Forsberg M, Ihalainen J, Auriola S, Leppänen J, Konstantinov I, Pogoryelov D, Proschak E, Dar'in D, Krasavin M. Discovery of polar spirocyclic orally bioavailable urea inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:655-667. [PMID: 30059891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Spirocyclic 1-oxa-9-azaspiro[5.5]undecan-4-amine scaffold was explored as a basis for the design of potential inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Synthesis and testing of the initial SAR-probing library followed by biochemical testing against sEH allowed nominating a racemic lead compound (±)-22. The latter showed remarkable (> 0.5 mM) solubility in aqueous phosphate buffer solution, unusually low (for sEH inhibitors) lipophilicity as confirmed by experimentally determined logD7.4 of 0.99, and an excellent oral bioavailability in mice (as well as other pharmacokinetic characteristics). Individual enantiomer profiling revealed that the inhibitory potency primarily resided with the dextrorotatory eutomer (+)-22 (IC50 4.99 ± 0.18 nM). For the latter, a crystal structure of its complex with a C-terminal domain of sEH was obtained and resolved. These data fully validate (+)-22 as a new non-racemic advanced lead compound for further development as a potential therapeutic agent for use in such areas as cardiovascular disease, inflammation and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Lukin
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Moscow Technological University, Moscow 117571, Russian Federation
| | - Jan Kramer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Markus Hartmann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | - Konstantin Falahati
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Fraunhofer IME-TMP, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Natalia Kalinchenkova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Moscow Technological University, Moscow 117571, Russian Federation
| | - Darya Bagnyukova
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Moscow Technological University, Moscow 117571, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay Zhurilo
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Moscow Technological University, Moscow 117571, Russian Federation
| | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus Forsberg
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jouni Ihalainen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jukka Leppänen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Igor Konstantinov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Denys Pogoryelov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.
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14
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Pitushkin D, Karlov D, Fayzullin RR, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Adamantyl thioureas as soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:2302-2313. [PMID: 29803731 PMCID: PMC6442743 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) containing one or two thiourea groups has been developed. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 50 μM to 7.2 nM. 1,7-(Heptamethylene)bis[(adamant-1-yl)thiourea] (6f) was found to be the most potent sEH inhibitor, among the thioureas tested. The inhibitory activity of the thioureas against the human sEH is closer to the value of activity against rat sEH rather than murine sEH. While being less active, thioureas are up to 7-fold more soluble than ureas, which makes them more bioavailable and thus promising as sEH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dmitry Pitushkin
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Dmitry Karlov
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow 143026, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia; Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow Region 142432, Russia
| | - Robert R Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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15
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Gurung AB, Mayengbam B, Bhattacharjee A. Discovery of novel drug candidates for inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase of arachidonic acid cascade pathway implicated in atherosclerosis. Comput Biol Chem 2018. [PMID: 29522918 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a key enzyme belonging to cytochrome P450 pathway of arachidonic acid cascade is a novel therapeutic drug target against atherosclerosis. The enzyme breaks down epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EETs) to dihydroxy-eicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) and reduces beneficial cardiovascular properties of EETs. Thus, the present work is aimed at identification of potential leads as sEH inhibitors which will sustain the beneficial properties of EETs in vivo. PubChem and ZINC databases were screened for drug-like compounds based on Lipinski's rule of five and in silico toxicity filters. The binding potential of the drug-like compounds with sEH was explored using molecular docking. The top ranked lead (ZINC23099069) showed higher GOLD score compared with that of the control, 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid butyl ester (AUDA-BE) and displayed two hydrogen bonds with Tyr383 and His420 and eleven residues involved in hydrophobic interactions with sEH. The apo_sEH and sEH_ZINC23099069 complex showed stable trajectories during 20 ns time scale of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) binding free energy analysis showed that electrostatic energy is the driving energy component for interaction of the lead with sEH. These results demonstrate ZINC23099069 to be a promising drug candidate as sEH inhibitor against atherosclerosis instead of the present urea-based inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Bahadur Gurung
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India
| | - Bishwarjit Mayengbam
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India
| | - Atanu Bhattacharjee
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India; Bioinformatics Centre, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793022, India.
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16
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Dolcet M, Torres M, Canela-Garayoa R. Raw and waste plant materials as sources of fungi with epoxide hydrolase activity. Application to the kinetic resolution of aryl and alkyl glycidyl ethers. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10242422.2017.1308496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dolcet
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mercè Torres
- Department of Food Technology, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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17
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Harris TR, Butov G, Hammock BD. Effects of adamantane alterations on soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition potency, physical properties and metabolic stability. Bioorg Chem 2017; 76:510-527. [PMID: 29310082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adamantyl groups are widely used in medicinal chemistry. However, metabolism limits their usage. Herein, we report the first systematic study of adamantyl ureas and diureas bearing substituents in bridgehead positions of adamantane and/or spacers between urea groups and adamantane group, and tested their effects on soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor potency and metabolic stability. Interestingly, the effect on activity against human and murine sEH varied in opposite ways with each new methyl group introduced into the molecule. Compounds with three methyl substituents in adamantane were very poor inhibitors of murine sEH while still very potent against human sEH. In addition, diureas with terminal groups bigger than sEH catalytic tunnel diameter were still good inhibitors suggesting that the active site of sEH opens to capture the substrate or inhibitor molecule. The introduction of one methyl group leads to 4-fold increase in potency without noticeable loss of metabolic stability compared to the unsubstituted adamantane. However, introduction of two or three methyl groups leads to 8-fold and 98-fold decrease in stability in human liver microsomes for the corresponding compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Todd R Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gennady Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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18
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19
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Saenz-Méndez P, Katz A, Pérez-Kempner ML, Ventura ON, Vázquez M. Structural insights into human microsomal epoxide hydrolase by combined homology modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and molecular docking calculations. Proteins 2017; 85:720-730. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.25251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Saenz-Méndez
- Computational Chemistry and Biology Group; Facultad de Química; UdelaR, Isidoro de María 1614 Montevideo 11800 Uruguay
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Gothenburg; Göteborg 405 30 Sweden
| | - Aline Katz
- Computational Chemistry and Biology Group; Facultad de Química; UdelaR, Isidoro de María 1614 Montevideo 11800 Uruguay
| | - María Lucía Pérez-Kempner
- Pharmaceutical Science Department; Facultad de Química; UdelaR, General Flores 2124 Montevideo 11800 Uruguay
| | - Oscar N. Ventura
- Computational Chemistry and Biology Group; Facultad de Química; UdelaR, Isidoro de María 1614 Montevideo 11800 Uruguay
| | - Marta Vázquez
- Pharmaceutical Science Department; Facultad de Química; UdelaR, General Flores 2124 Montevideo 11800 Uruguay
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20
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Exported Epoxide Hydrolases Modulate Erythrocyte Vasoactive Lipids during Plasmodium falciparum Infection. mBio 2016; 7:mBio.01538-16. [PMID: 27795395 PMCID: PMC5082902 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01538-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythrocytes are reservoirs of important epoxide-containing lipid signaling molecules, including epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). EETs function as vasodilators and anti-inflammatory modulators in the bloodstream. Bioactive EETs are hydrolyzed to less active diols (dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids) by epoxide hydrolases (EHs). The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum infects host red blood cells (RBCs) and exports hundreds of proteins into the RBC compartment. In this study, we show that two parasite epoxide hydrolases, P. falciparum epoxide hydrolases 1 (PfEH1) and 2 (PfEH2), both with noncanonical serine nucleophiles, are exported to the periphery of infected RBCs. PfEH1 and PfEH2 were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, and they hydrolyzed physiologically relevant erythrocyte EETs. Mutations in active site residues of PfEH1 ablated the ability of the enzyme to hydrolyze an epoxide substrate. Overexpression of PfEH1 or PfEH2 in parasite-infected RBCs resulted in a significant alteration in the epoxide fatty acids stored in RBC phospholipids. We hypothesize that the parasite disruption of epoxide-containing signaling lipids leads to perturbed vascular function, creating favorable conditions for binding and sequestration of infected RBCs to the microvascular endothelium. The malaria parasite exports hundreds of proteins into the erythrocyte compartment. However, for most of these proteins, their physiological function is unknown. In this study, we investigate two “hypothetical” proteins of the α/β-hydrolase fold family that share sequence similarity with epoxide hydrolases (EHs)—enzymes that destroy bioactive epoxides. Altering EH expression in parasite-infected erythrocytes resulted in a significant change in the epoxide fatty acids stored in the host cell. We propose that these EH enzymes may help the parasite to manipulate host blood vessel opening and inflame the vessel walls as they pass through the circulation system. Understanding how the malaria parasite interacts with its host RBCs will aid in our ability to combat this deadly disease.
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21
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Burmistrov VV, Butov GM, Karlov DS, Palyulin VA, Zefirov NS, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Synthesis and properties of diadamantyl-containing symmetric diureas as target-oriented inhibitors of human soluble epoxide hydrolase. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Butov GM, Burmistrov VV, Danilov DV, Pitushkin DA, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Synthesis of adamantyl-containing 1,3-disubstituted diureas and thioureas, efficient targeted inhibitors of human soluble epoxide hydrolase. Russ Chem Bull 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-015-1043-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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23
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Danilov D, Harris TR, Dalinger I, Vatsadze I, Shkineva T, Butov GM, Hammock BD. 1,3-Disubstituted and 1,3,3-trisubstituted adamantyl-ureas with isoxazole as soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5514-9. [PMID: 26520661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adamantyl ureas are good soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors; however they have limited solubility and rapid metabolism, thus limiting their usefulness in some therapeutic indications. Herein, we test the hypothesis that nodal substitution on the adamantane will help solubilize and stabilize the compounds. A series of compounds containing adamantane derivatives and isoxazole functional groups were developed. Overall, the presence of methyl on the nodal positions of adamantane yields higher water solubility than previously reported urea-based sEH inhibitors while maintaining high inhibition potency. However, it did not improve microsomal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Dmitry Danilov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Todd R Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Igor Dalinger
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry (ZIOC) of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Vatsadze
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry (ZIOC) of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Shkineva
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry (ZIOC) of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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24
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Selvan A, Anishetty S. Cavities create a potential back door in epoxide hydrolase Rv1938 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis-A molecular dynamics simulation study. Comput Biol Chem 2015; 58:222-30. [PMID: 26256802 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative organism of tuberculosis. Extensively drug resistant strains and latency have posed formidable challenges in the treatment of tuberculosis. The current study addresses an alpha/beta hydrolase fold bearing enzyme, epoxide hydrolase Rv1938 from Mtb. Epoxide hydrolases are involved in detoxification processes, catabolism and regulation of signaling molecules. Using GROMACS, a 100ns Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation was performed for Rv1938. Cavities were identified within the protein at various time frames of the simulation and their volumes were computed. During MD simulation, in addition to the substrate binding cavity, opening of two new cavities located behind the active site was observed. These cavities may be similar to the backdoor proposed for acetylcholinesterase. Structural superimposition of epoxide hydrolase from Mtb with the epoxide hydrolase of Agrobacterium radiobacter1 AD1 (Ephy) indicates that cavity1 in Mtb lies at an identical position to that of the water tunnel in Ephy. Further, docking of the substrate and an inhibitor with protein structures obtained from MD simulation at various time frames was also performed. The potential role of these cavities is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitha Selvan
- Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India
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25
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Václavíková R, Hughes DJ, Souček P. Microsomal epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1): Gene, structure, function, and role in human disease. Gene 2015. [PMID: 26216302 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) is an evolutionarily highly conserved biotransformation enzyme for converting epoxides to diols. Notably, the enzyme is able to either detoxify or bioactivate a wide range of substrates. Mutations and polymorphic variants in the EPHX1 gene have been associated with susceptibility to several human diseases including cancer. This review summarizes the key knowledge concerning EPHX1 gene and protein structure, expression pattern and regulation, and substrate specificity. The relevance of EPHX1 for human pathology is especially discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Václavíková
- Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David J Hughes
- Centre for Systems Medicine, Department of Physiology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Pavel Souček
- Toxicogenomics Unit, National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague, Plzen, Czech Republic.
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26
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Butov GM, Burmistrov VV, Dalinger IL, Vatsadze IA, Shkineva TK, Danilov DV. Synthesis and Study of 1,3- and 1,3,3-Substituted Ureas Containing Isoxazole and Adamantane Fragments. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-015-1643-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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27
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Waidyanatha S, Gaudette NF, Hong Y, Fennell T. Formation of epichlorohydrin, a known rodent carcinogen, following oral administration of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol in rats. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:1787-95. [PMID: 25254956 PMCID: PMC4203385 DOI: 10.1021/tx500239q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The observed toxicity and carcinogenicity of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol (DCP) in rodents is thought to be due to the formation of reactive metabolites, epichlorohydrin (ECH) and dichloroacetone (DCA). However, there is no direct evidence for the formation of these metabolites from exposure to DCP in rodents due to the challenges of measuring these reactive intermediates directly in vivo. The objective of this work was to investigate the metabolism of DCP to ECH and DCA in vivo by first developing a sensitive analytical method in a suitable biological matrix and analyzing samples from rats administered DCP. DCA reacted rapidly in vitro in rat blood, plasma, and liver homogenate, precluding its detection. Because ECH rapidly disappeared in liver homogenate, but was relatively long-lived in plasma and blood in vitro, blood was selected for analysis of this metabolite. Following a single oral dose of 50 mg/kg DCP in male or female Harlan Sprague-Dawley rats, ECH was detected in blood with a maximum concentration reached at ≤13.7 min. ECH was cleared rapidly with a half-life of ca. 33 and 48 min in males and females, respectively. Following a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg ECH in male and female rats, the elimination half-life of ECH was ca. 34 and 20 min, respectively; the oral bioavailability of ECH was low (males, 5.2%; females, 2.1%), suggesting extensive first pass metabolism of ECH following oral administration. The area under the concentration vs time curve for ECH following oral administration of DCP and intravenous administration of ECH was used to estimate the percent of the DCP dose converted to ECH in rats. On the basis of this analysis, we concluded that in male and female rats following oral administration of 50 mg/kg DCP, ≥1.26% or ≥1.78% of the administered dose was metabolized to ECH, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suramya Waidyanatha
- Division
of National Toxicology Program, National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Norman F. Gaudette
- RTI
International, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Yan Hong
- RTI
International, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Timothy
R. Fennell
- RTI
International, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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28
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Saini P, Wani SI, Kumar R, Chhabra R, Chimni SS, Sareen D. Trigger factor assisted folding of the recombinant epoxide hydrolases identified from C. pelagibacter and S. nassauensis. Protein Expr Purif 2014; 104:71-84. [PMID: 25229949 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases (EHs), are enantioselective enzymes as they catalyze the kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides into the corresponding enantiopure vicinal diols, which are useful precursors in the synthesis of chiral pharmaceutical compounds. Here, we have identified and cloned two putative epoxide hydrolase genes (cpeh and sneh) from marine bacteria, Candidatus pelagibacter ubique and terrestrial bacteria, Stackebrandtia nassauensis, respectively and overexpressed them in pET28a vector in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The CPEH protein (42kDa) was found to be overexpressed as inactive inclusion bodies while SNEH protein (40kDa) was found to form soluble aggregates. In this study, the recombinant CPEH was successfully transformed from insoluble aggregates to the soluble and functionally active form, using pCold TF vector, though with low EH activity. To prevent the soluble aggregate formation of SNEH, it was co-expressed with GroEL/ES chaperone and was also fused with trigger factor (TF) chaperone at its N-terminus. The TF chaperone-assisted correct folding of SNEH led to a purified active EH with a specific activity of 3.85μmol/min/mg. The pure enzyme was further used to biocatalyze the hydrolysis of 10mM benzyl glycidyl ether (BGE) and α-methyl styrene oxide (MSO) with an enantiomeric excess of the product (eep) of 86% and 73% in 30 and 15min, respectively. In conclusion, this is the first report about the heterologous expression of epoxide hydrolases using TF as a molecular chaperone in pCold TF expression vector, resulting in remarkable increase in the solubility and activity of the otherwise improperly folded recombinant epoxide hydrolases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Saini
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
| | - Shadil Ibrahim Wani
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
| | - Ranjai Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
| | - Ravneet Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
| | | | - Dipti Sareen
- Department of Biochemistry, Panjab University, Sector 14, Chandigarh 160 014, India.
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29
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Purba ER, Oguro A, Imaoka S. Isolation and characterization of Xenopus soluble epoxide hydrolase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:954-62. [PMID: 24681163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) contributes to cell growth, but the contribution of sEH to embryonic development is not well understood. In this study, Xenopus sEH cDNA was isolated from embryos of Xenopus laevis. The Xenopus sEH was expressed in Escherichia coli and was purified. The epoxide hydrolase and phosphatase activities of purified sEH were investigated. The Xenopus sEH did not show phosphatase activity toward 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate or several lysophosphatidic acids although it had EH activity. The amino acid sequence of Xenopus sEH was compared with that reported previously. We found amino acid substitutions of the 29th Thr to Asn and the 146th Arg to His and prepared a sEH mutant (N29T/H146R), designed as mutant 1. Neither wild-type sEH nor mutant 1 had phosphatase activity. Additional substitution of the 11th Gly with Asp was found by comparison with human sEH which has phosphatase activity, but the Xenopus sEH mutant G11D prepared as mutant 2 did not have phosphatase activity. The epoxide hydrolase activity of sEH seemed to be similar to that of human sEH, while Xenopus sEH did not have phosphatase activity toward several substrates that human sEH metabolizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endang R Purba
- Research Center for Environmental Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan; Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Ami Oguro
- Research Center for Environmental Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan; Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan
| | - Susumu Imaoka
- Research Center for Environmental Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan; Department of Bioscience, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Japan.
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Burmistrov V, Morisseau C, Lee KSS, Shihadih DS, Harris TR, Butov GM, Hammock BD. Symmetric adamantyl-diureas as soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:2193-7. [PMID: 24685540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) containing two urea groups has been developed. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 2.0 μM to 0.4 nM. 1,6-(Hexamethylene)bis[(adamant-1-yl)urea] (3b) was found to be a potent slow tight binding inhibitor (IC50=0.5 nM) with a strong binding to sEH (Ki=3.1 nM) and a moderately long residence time on the enzyme (koff=1.05 × 10(-3) s(-1); t1/2=11 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Burmistrov
- Department of Chemistry and General Chemical Technology, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia; Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kin Sing Stephen Lee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Diyala S Shihadih
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Todd R Harris
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gennady M Butov
- Department of Chemistry and General Chemical Technology, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (branch) Volgograd State Technical University, Volzhsky, Russia; Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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31
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Decker M, Adamska M, Cronin A, Di Giallonardo F, Burgener J, Marowsky A, Falck JR, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Gruzdev A, Zeldin DC, Arand M. EH3 (ABHD9): the first member of a new epoxide hydrolase family with high activity for fatty acid epoxides. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:2038-2045. [PMID: 22798687 PMCID: PMC3435537 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m024448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases are a small superfamily of enzymes important for the detoxification of chemically reactive xenobiotic epoxides and for the processing of endogenous epoxides that act as signaling molecules. Here, we report the identification of two human epoxide hydrolases: EH3 and EH4. They share 45% sequence identity, thus representing a new family of mammalian epoxide hydrolases. Quantitative RT-PCR from mouse tissue indicates strongest EH3 expression in lung, skin, and upper gastrointestinal tract. The recombinant enzyme shows a high turnover number with 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), as well as 9,10-epoxyoctadec-11-enoic acid (leukotoxin). It is inhibited by a subclass of N,N'-disubstituted urea derivatives, including 12-(3-adamantan-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid, 1-cyclohexyl-3-dodecylurea, and 1-(1-acetylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea, compounds so far believed to be selective inhibitors of mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Its sensitivity to this subset of sEH inhibitors may have implications on the pharmacologic profile of these compounds. This is particularly relevant because sEH is a potential drug target, and clinical trials are under way exploring the value of sEH inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension and diabetes type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Decker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Magdalena Adamska
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annette Cronin
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Burgener
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne Marowsky
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - John R Falck
- Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Entomology and Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616; and
| | - Artiom Gruzdev
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
| | - Michael Arand
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Su Z. Purification and characterization of a cis-epoxysuccinic acid hydrolase from Nocardia tartaricans CAS-52, and expression in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:2433-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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33
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Biocatalytic Resolution of para-Nitrostyrene Oxide by Resting Cells of Different Aspergillus niger Strains. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20010190312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Labuschagne M, Botes AL, Albertyn J. Cloning and Sequencing of an Epoxide Hydrolase Gene fromRhodosporidium paludigenum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 15:202-5. [PMID: 15497443 DOI: 10.1080/10425170410001702177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolase (EH) activity was recently described in yeasts and highly selective hydrolysis of epoxides was observed during whole cell biotransformations. To expand the available molecular data regarding yeast EHs, the EH encoding gene from Rhodosporidium paludigenum (CBS 6565) was isolated, cloned and sequenced. The genomic EH sequence revealed a 1600 bp sequence interrupted by six introns. cDNA sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1236 bp with a deduced polypeptide length of 411 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence revealed a relative high degree of sequence homology compared to the amino acid sequence of the EH from Rhodotorula glutinis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Labuschagne
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
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Decker M, Arand M, Cronin A. Mammalian epoxide hydrolases in xenobiotic metabolism and signalling. Arch Toxicol 2009; 83:297-318. [PMID: 19340413 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-009-0416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases catalyse the hydrolysis of electrophilic--and therefore potentially genotoxic--epoxides to the corresponding less reactive vicinal diols, which explains the classification of epoxide hydrolases as typical detoxifying enzymes. The best example is mammalian microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH)-an enzyme prone to detoxification-due to a high expression level in the liver, a broad substrate selectivity, as well as inducibility by foreign compounds. The mEH is capable of inactivating a large number of structurally different, highly reactive epoxides and hence is an important part of the enzymatic defence of our organism against adverse effects of foreign compounds. Furthermore, evidence is accumulating that mammalian epoxide hydrolases play physiological roles other than detoxification, particularly through involvement in signalling processes. This certainly holds true for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) whose main function seems to be the turnover of lipid derived epoxides, which are signalling lipids with diverse functions in regulatory processes, such as control of blood pressure, inflammatory processes, cell proliferation and nociception. In recent years, the sEH has attracted attention as a promising target for pharmacological inhibition to treat hypertension and possibly other diseases. Recently, new hitherto uncharacterised epoxide hydrolases could be identified in mammals by genome analysis. The expression pattern and substrate selectivity of these new epoxide hydrolases suggests their participation in signalling processes rather than a role in detoxification. Taken together, epoxide hydrolases (1) play a central role in the detoxification of genotoxic epoxides and (2) have an important function in the regulation of physiological processes by the control of signalling molecules with an epoxide structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Decker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurer Str. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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36
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Cronin A, Homburg S, Dürk H, Richter I, Adamska M, Frère F, Arand M. Insights into the Catalytic Mechanism of Human sEH Phosphatase by Site-Directed Mutagenesis and LC–MS/MS Analysis. J Mol Biol 2008; 383:627-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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van Loo B, Permentier HP, Kingma J, Baldascini H, Janssen DB. Inactivation of epoxide hydrolase by catalysis-induced formation of isoaspartate. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:1581-6. [PMID: 18406355 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases catalyze hydrolytic epoxide ring-opening, most often via formation of a covalent hydroxyalkyl-enzyme intermediate. A mutant of Agrobacterium radiobacter epoxide hydrolase, in which the phenylalanine residue that flanks the invariant catalytic aspartate nucleophile is replaced by a threonine, exhibited inactivation during conversion when the (R)-enantiomer of para-nitrostyrene epoxide was used as substrate. HPLC analysis of tryptic fragments of the epoxide hydrolase, followed by MALDI-TOF and TOF/TOF analysis, indicated that inactivation was due to conversion of the nucleophilic aspartate into isoaspartate, which represents a novel mechanism of catalysis-induced autoinactivation. Inactivation occurred at a lower rate with the (S)-enantiomer of para-nitrostyrene epoxide, indicating that it is related to the structure of the covalent hydroxyalkyl-enzyme intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert van Loo
- Biochemical Laboratory, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Chiamvimonvat N, Ho CM, Tsai HJ, Hammock BD. The soluble epoxide hydrolase as a pharmaceutical target for hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2007; 50:225-37. [PMID: 17878749 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181506445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The soluble epoxide hydrolase appears to be a promising target for the development of antihypertensive therapies based on a previously unexplored mechanism of action. Epoxide hydrolases are enzymes that add water to three membered cyclic ethers known as epoxides. The soluble epoxide hydrolase in mammalian systems (sEH) is a member of the alpha/beta-hydrolase fold family of enzymes and it shows a high degree of selectivity for epoxides of fatty acids. The regioisomeric epoxides of arachidonic acid or epoxyeicosanoids (EETs) are particularly good substrates. These EETs appear to be major components of the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs). As such, EETs cause vasodilation and reduce blood pressure. The EETs also are strongly anti-inflammatory and analgesic. By inhibiting sEH, the increase in circulating EETs leads to a reduction in blood pressure in a number of animal models. Potent transition state mimic inhibitors have been developed for the sEH. Some of these sEH inhibitors (sEHIs) show nanomolar to picomolar potency and good pharmacokinetic properties. Because of their unique mode of action they show promise in treating hypertension while reducing problems with end organ failure, vascular inflammation and diabetes. Indeed, the anti-inflammatory properties of the sEHI may make them particularly suitable for treating hypertension in patients with other concomitant metabolic syndromes. They are more potent on a molar basis than most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in reducing PGE2 in inflammation models, they strongly synergize with NSAIDs, and appear to ameliorate apparently unfavorable eicosanoid profiles associated with some cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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39
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Uraji M, Arima J, Uesugi Y, Iwabuchi M, Hatanaka T. Effect of salt on the activity of Streptomyces prolyl aminopeptidase. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2007; 1774:1462-9. [PMID: 17916451 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2007.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2007] [Revised: 08/18/2007] [Accepted: 08/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A salt-tolerant prolyl aminopeptidase from Streptomyces aureofaciens TH-3 (TH-3PAP) was purified from a culture supernatant. The gene encoding TH-3PAP was cloned and sequenced. The primary structure of TH-3PAP showed 65% identity with that of PAP from Streptomyces lividans (SLPAP) and possessed a conserved catalytic motif, GxSxGG, which is conserved in the alpha/beta hydrolase fold family. The characterization of the recombinants TH-3PAP and SLPAP indicated a difference: in 4.0 M NaCl, TH-3PAP showed enzyme activity, whereas SLPAP was inactive. Next, we constructed chimeras between TH-3PAP and SLPAP using an in vivo DNA shuffling system and a sandwich chimera (sc-PAP), whose region from 63 to 78 amino acids of TH-3PAP was substituted with that of SLPAP. Comparison of the biochemical properties between TH-3PAP and the salt-sensitive sc-PAP suggested that the fine tuning of the N-terminal conformation of TH-3PAP by hydrophobic interaction is important for the salt tolerance mechanism of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misugi Uraji
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences (RIBS), Okayama, Kaga-gun, Okayama 716-1241, Japan
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40
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Hwang SH, Tsai HJ, Liu JY, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Orally bioavailable potent soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:3825-40. [PMID: 17616115 PMCID: PMC2596069 DOI: 10.1021/jm070270t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of N,N'-disubstituted ureas having a conformationally restricted cis- or trans-1,4-cyclohexane alpha to the urea were prepared and tested as soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors. This series of compounds showed low nanomolar to picomolar activities against recombinant human sEH. Both isomers showed similar potencies, but the trans isomers were more metabolically stable in human hepatic microsomes. Furthermore, these new potent inhibitors show a greater metabolic stability in vivo than previously described sEH inhibitors. We demonstrated that trans-4-[4-(3-adamantan-1-ylureido)cyclohexyloxy]benzoic acid 13g (t-AUCB, IC50 = 1.3 +/- 0.05 nM) had excellent oral bioavailability (98%, n = 2) and blood area under the curve in dogs and was effective in vivo to treat hypotension in lipopolysaccharide challenged murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and UCD Cancer Center, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-8584, USA
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41
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Hopmann KH, Himo F. Insights into the Reaction Mechanism of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase from Theoretical Active Site Mutants. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:21299-310. [PMID: 17048959 DOI: 10.1021/jp063830t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations of active site mutants are used to gain insights into the reaction mechanism of the soluble epoxide hydrolases (sEHs). The quantum chemical model is based on the X-ray crystal structure of the human soluble epoxide hydrolase. The role of two conserved active site tyrosines is explored through in silico single and double mutations to phenylalanine. Full potential energy curves for hydrolysis of (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide are presented. The results indicate that the two active site tyrosines act in concert to lower the activation barrier for the alkylation step. For the wild-type and three different tyrosine mutant models, the regioselectivity of epoxide opening is compared for the substrates (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide and (S)-styrene oxide. An additional part of our study focuses on the importance of the catalytic histidine for the alkylation half-reaction. Different models are presented to explore the protonation state of the catalytic histidine in the alkylation step and to evaluate the possibility of an interaction between the nucleophilic aspartate and the catalytic histidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin H Hopmann
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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42
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Hopmann KH, Himo F. Theoretical Study of the Full Reaction Mechanism of Human Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase. Chemistry 2006; 12:6898-909. [PMID: 16856182 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The complete reaction mechanism of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been investigated by using the B3LYP density functional theory method. Epoxide hydrolases catalyze the conversion of epoxides to their corresponding vicinal diols. In our theoretical study, the sEH active site is represented by quantum-chemical models that are based on the X-ray crystal structure of human soluble epoxide hydrolase. The trans-substituted epoxide (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide has been used as a substrate in the theoretical investigation of the sEH reaction mechanism. Both the alkylation and the hydrolytic half-reactions have been studied in detail. We present the energetics of the reaction mechanism as well as the optimized intermediates and transition-state structures. Full potential energy curves for the reactions involving nucleophilic attack at either the benzylic or the homo-benzylic carbon atom of (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide have been computed. The regioselectivity of epoxide opening has been addressed for the two substrates (1S,2S)-beta-methylstyrene oxide and (S)-styrene oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin H Hopmann
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, School of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Albanova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Jones PD, Tsai HJ, Do ZN, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Synthesis and SAR of conformationally restricted inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5212-6. [PMID: 16870439 PMCID: PMC1904344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A series of conformationally restricted inhibitors of human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been developed. Inhibition potency of the described compounds ranges from 4.2 microM to 1.1 nM against recombinant sEH. N-(1-Acetylpiperidin-4-yl)-N'-(adamant-1-yl) urea (5a) was found to be a potent inhibitor (IC(50) = 7.0 nM) that was also orally bioavailable in canines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bruce D. Hammock
- * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 530 752 7519; fax: +1 530 752 1537; e-mail:
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44
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van Loo B, Kingma J, Arand M, Wubbolts MG, Janssen DB. Diversity and biocatalytic potential of epoxide hydrolases identified by genome analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:2905-17. [PMID: 16597997 PMCID: PMC1448995 DOI: 10.1128/aem.72.4.2905-2917.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases play an important role in the biodegradation of organic compounds and are potentially useful in enantioselective biocatalysis. An analysis of various genomic databases revealed that about 20% of sequenced organisms contain one or more putative epoxide hydrolase genes. They were found in all domains of life, and many fungi and actinobacteria contain several putative epoxide hydrolase-encoding genes. Multiple sequence alignments of epoxide hydrolases with other known and putative alpha/beta-hydrolase fold enzymes that possess a nucleophilic aspartate revealed that these enzymes can be classified into eight phylogenetic groups that all contain putative epoxide hydrolases. To determine their catalytic activities, 10 putative bacterial epoxide hydrolase genes and 2 known bacterial epoxide hydrolase genes were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The production of active enzyme was strongly improved by fusion to the maltose binding protein (MalE), which prevented inclusion body formation and facilitated protein purification. Eight of the 12 fusion proteins were active toward one or more of the 21 epoxides that were tested, and they converted both terminal and nonterminal epoxides. Four of the new epoxide hydrolases showed an uncommon enantiopreference for meso-epoxides and/or terminal aromatic epoxides, which made them suitable for the production of enantiopure (S,S)-diols and (R)-epoxides. The results show that the expression of epoxide hydrolase genes that are detected by analyses of genomic databases is a useful strategy for obtaining new biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert van Loo
- Biochemical Laboratory, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Jones PD, Wolf NM, Morisseau C, Whetstone P, Hock B, Hammock BD. Fluorescent substrates for soluble epoxide hydrolase and application to inhibition studies. Anal Biochem 2005; 343:66-75. [PMID: 15963942 PMCID: PMC1447601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2005.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2005] [Revised: 03/23/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of the mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a promising new therapy in the treatment of disorders resulting from hypertension and vascular inflammation. A spectrophotometric assay (4-nitrophenyl-trans-2,3-epoxy-3-phenylpropyl carbonate, NEPC) is currently used to screen libraries of chemicals; however this assay lacks the required sensitivity to differentiate the most potent inhibitors. A series of fluorescent alpha-cyanoester and alpha-cyanocarbonate epoxides that produce a strong fluorescent signal on epoxide hydrolysis by both human and murine sEH were designed as potential substrates for an in vitro inhibition assay. The murine enzyme showed a broad range of specificities, whereas the human enzyme showed the highest specificity for cyano(6-methoxy-naphthalen-2-yl)methyl trans-[(3-phenyloxiran-2-yl)methyl] carbonate. An in vitro inhibition assay was developed using this substrate and recombinant enzyme. The utility of the fluorescent assay was confirmed by determining the IC(50) values for a series of known inhibitors. The new IC(50) values were compared with those determined by spectrophotometric NEPC and radioactive tDPPO assays. The fluorescent assay ranked these inhibitors on the basis of IC(50) values, whereas the NEPC assay did not. The ranking of inhibitor potency generally agreed with that determined using the tDPPO assay. These results show that the fluorescence-based assay is a valuable tool in the development of sEH inhibitors by revealing structure-activity relationships that previously were seen only by using the costly and labor-intensive radioactive tDPPO assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D. Jones
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nicola M. Wolf
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, Center of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Paul Whetstone
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bertold Hock
- Department of Plant Sciences, Center of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- * Corresponding author. Fax: +1 530 752 1537. E-mail address: (B.D. Hammock)
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Production of chiral epoxides: Epoxide hydrolase-catalyzed enantioselective hydrolysis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02932009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Abstract
Organisms are exposed to epoxide-containing compounds from both exogenous and endogenous sources. In mammals, the hydration of these compounds by various epoxide hydrolases (EHs) can not only regulate their genotoxicity but also, for lipid-derived epoxides, their endogenous roles as chemical mediators. Recent findings suggest that the EHs as a family represent novel drug discovery targets for regulation of blood pressure, inflammation, cancer progression, and the onset of several other diseases. Knowledge of the EH mechanism provides a solid foundation for the rational design of inhibitors, and this review summarizes the current understanding of the catalytic mechanism of the EHs. Although the overall EH mechanism is now known, the molecular basis of substrate selectivity, possible allosteric regulation, and many fine details of the catalytic mechanism remain to be solved. Finally, recent development in the design of EH inhibitors and the EH biological role are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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van Loo B, Spelberg JHL, Kingma J, Sonke T, Wubbolts MG, Janssen DB. Directed evolution of epoxide hydrolase from A. radiobacter toward higher enantioselectivity by error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 11:981-90. [PMID: 15271356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2004.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Revised: 04/29/2004] [Accepted: 04/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselectivity of epoxide hydrolase from Agrobacterium radiobacter (EchA) was improved using error-prone PCR and DNA shuffling. An agar plate assay was used to screen the mutant libraries for activity. Screening for improved enantioselectivity was subsequently done by spectrophotometric progress curve analysis of the conversion of para-nitrophenyl glycidyl ether (pNPGE). Kinetic resolutions showed that eight mutants were obtained with up to 13-fold improved enantioselectivity toward pNPGE and at least three other epoxides. The large enhancements in enantioselectivity toward epichlorohydrin and 1,2-epoxyhexane indicated that pNPGE acts as an epoxyalkane mimic. Active site mutations were found in all shuffled mutants, which can be explained by an interaction of the affected amino acid with the epoxide oxygen or the hydrophobic moiety of the substrate. Several mutations in the shuffled mutants had additive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert van Loo
- Biochemical Laboratory, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Blée E, Summerer S, Flenet M, Rogniaux H, Van Dorsselaer A, Schuber F. Soybean epoxide hydrolase: identification of the catalytic residues and probing of the reaction mechanism with secondary kinetic isotope effects. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:6479-87. [PMID: 15596432 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m411366200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean epoxide hydrolase catalyzes the oxirane ring opening of 9,10-epoxystearate via a two-step mechanism involving the formation of an alkylenzyme intermediate, which, in contrast to most epoxide hydrolases studied so far, was found to be the rate-limiting step. We have probed residues potentially involved in catalysis by site-directed mutagenesis. Mutation of His(320), a residue predicted from sequence analysis to belong to the catalytic triad of the enzyme, considerably slowed down the second half-reaction. This kinetic manipulation provoked an accumulation of the reaction intermediate, which could be trapped and characterized by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. As expected, mutation of Asp(126) totally abolished the activity of the enzyme from its crucial function as nucleophile involved in the formation of the alkylenzyme. In line with its role as the partner of His(320) in the "charge relay system," mutation of Asp(285) dramatically reduced the rate of catalysis. However, the mutant D285L still exhibited a very low residual activity, which, by structural analysis and mutagenesis, has been tentatively attributed to Glu(195), another acidic residue of the active site. Our studies have also confirmed the fundamental role of the conserved Tyr(175) and Tyr(255) residues, which are believed to activate the oxirane ring. Finally, we have determined the secondary tritium kinetic isotope effects on the epoxide opening step of 9,10-epoxystearate. The large observed values, i.e. (T)(V/K(m)) approximately 1.30, can be interpreted by the occurrence of a very late transition state in which the epoxide bond is broken before the nucleophilic attack by Asp(126) takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Blée
- Laboratoire des Phytooxylipines, IBMP-CNRS-UPR 2357, 28-Rue Goethe, Strasbourg, 67083 Cedex, France
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Smith KR, Pinkerton KE, Watanabe T, Pedersen TL, Ma SJ, Hammock BD. Attenuation of tobacco smoke-induced lung inflammation by treatment with a soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:2186-91. [PMID: 15684051 PMCID: PMC548576 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409591102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the lungs due to smoking include inflammation, epithelial damage, and remodeling of the airways. Airway inflammation is likely to play a critical role in the genesis and progression of tobacco smoke-induced airway disease. Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is involved in the metabolism of endogenous chemical mediators that play an important role in inflammation. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have demonstrated antiinflammatory properties, and hydrolysis of these epoxides by sEH is known to diminish this activity. To examine whether acute tobacco smoke-induced inflammation could be reduced by a sEH inhibitor, 12-(3-adamantane-1-yl-ureido)-dodecanoic acid n-butyl ester was given by daily s.c. injection to spontaneously hypertensive rats exposed to filtered air or tobacco smoke for a period of 3 days (6 h/day). Acute exposure to tobacco smoke significantly increased by 3.2-fold (P <0.05) the number of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage. The sEH inhibitor significantly decreased total bronchoalveolar lavage cell number by 37% in tobacco smoke-exposed rats with significant reductions noted in neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, and lymphocytes. A combination of sEH inhibitor and EETs was more significant in its ability to further reduce tobacco smoke-induced inflammation compared with the sEH inhibitor alone. The sEH inhibitor led to a shift in some plasma epoxides and diols that are consistent with the hypothetical action of these compounds. We conclude that an sEH inhibitor, in the presence or absence of EETs, can attenuate, in part, inflammation associated with acute exposure to tobacco smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin R Smith
- Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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