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Chormey DS, Bakırdere S. Principles and Recent Advancements in Microextraction Techniques. FUNDAMENTALS OF QUORUM SENSING, ANALYTICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS IN MEMBRANE BIOREACTORS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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2
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Omidi F, Behbahani M, Sadeghi Abandansari H, Sedighi A, Shahtaheri SJ. Application of molecular imprinted polymer nanoparticles as a selective solid phase extraction for preconcentration and trace determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in the human urine and different water samples. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2014; 12:137. [PMID: 25426299 PMCID: PMC4240808 DOI: 10.1186/s40201-014-0137-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A molecular-imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIP-NP) for the selective preconcentration of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is described. It was obtained by precipitation polymerization from methacrylic acid (the functional monomer), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (the cross-linker), 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (the initiator) and 2,4-D (the template molecule) in acetonitrile solution. The MIP-NPs were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, and by scanning electron microscopy. Imprinted 2,4-D molecules were removed from the polymeric structure using acetic acid in methanol (15:85 v/v %) as the eluting solvent. The sorption and desorption process occur within 10 min and 15 min, respectively. The maximum sorbent capacity of the molecular imprinted polymer is 89.2 mg g(-1). The relative standard deviation and limit of detection for water samples by introduced selective solid phase extraction were 4.2% and 1.25 μg L(-1), and these data for urine samples were 4.7% and 1.80 μg L(-1), respectively. The method was applied to the determination of 2,4-D in the urine and different water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Omidi
- />Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | | | - Alireza Sedighi
- />Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jamaleddin Shahtaheri
- />Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Delaunay-Bertoncini N, Hennion MC. Immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction for pharmaceutical and biomedical trace-analysis—coupling with HPLC and CE—perspectives. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 34:717-36. [PMID: 15019051 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(03)00559-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique is based upon a molecular recognition mechanism. The high affinity and the high selectivity of the antigen-antibody interactions allow the specific extraction and the concentration of the analytes of interest in one step. In pharmaceutical and biological fields, where most often matrices are complex and analytes at trace-levels, this approach constitutes a unique tool for fast and solvent-free sample preparation. This review presents a general description of this extraction technique and gives numerous examples of its applications in pharmaceutical and biomedical fields. It emphasizes the on-line coupling with chromatographic and electrophoretic separation techniques and introduces new developments. The future directions, especially with regards to the current development of analytical microsystems, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Delaunay-Bertoncini
- Laboratoire des Sciences Analytiques, CPE, Université Lyon I, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne cedex, France.
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Delaunay-Bertoncini N, Pichon V, Hennion MC. Experimental comparison of three monoclonal antibodies for the class-selective immunoextraction of triazines. Correlation with molecular modeling and principal component analysis studies. J Chromatogr A 2003; 999:3-15. [PMID: 12885046 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(03)00425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The specificity of three immunosorbents (ISs) based on different monoclonal anti-triazine antibodies has been characterized by extraction recoveries studies and with step elution experiments. Both indicated that the anti-dichloroatrazine IS is specific of terbutylazine and cyanazine. The anti-atrazine IS is specific of the chlorotriazines, whereas the anti-ametryn IS can trap all the triazines. This confirms the great influence of the hapten design on the specificity of the resulting antibodies, even if the target molecules are small. Moreover, the anti-ametryn IS is suitable for class-selective extraction of triazines contained in complex matrices. An approach designed to learn more about the specificity for a group of structurally related compounds of antibodies produced with a given compound is proposed and evaluated. Molecular modeling followed by principal component analysis has been used to obtain distribution maps with the relative position of each immunoconjugate and all the triazines. In all three cases, conclusions on specificity made with the analysis of the maps fit well with the experimental results. Consequently, molecular modeling coupled with principal component analysis seems to be a unique, inexpensive, and rapid tool to select the appropriate hapten providing highly specific or class-specific antibodies according to the given problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Delaunay-Bertoncini
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique, Ecole Supérieur de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 10 Rue Vauqelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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5
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Theodoridis G, Haasnoot W, Cazemier G, Schilt R, Jaziri M, Diallo B, Papadoyannis IN, de Jong GJ. Immunoaffinity chromatography for the sample pretreatment of Taxus plant and cell extracts prior to analysis of taxanes by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2002; 948:177-85. [PMID: 12831195 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)01456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The application of immunoaffinity chromatography for the purification of Taxus plant and cell extracts prior to the HPLC analysis is described. Polyclonal antibodies raised against 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAB III), paclitaxel's main precursor in plant, were characterised by enzymed-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunoglobulins from selected antisera were immobilised on CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B. The immunoaffinity column was used for the purification of plant and plant cell culture extracts prior to their analysis by HPLC. Immunoaffinity chromatography enabled the selective concentration of taxoids and enhanced sample clean-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Theodoridis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Dep. Chemistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 540 06 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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6
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Chapter 33 Immunosorbents in sample preparation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(02)80070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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7
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8
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Delaunay-Bertoncini N, Pichon V, Hennion MC. Comparison of immunoextraction sorbents prepared from monoclonal and polyclonal anti-isoproturon antibodies and optimization of the appropriate monoclonal antibody-based sorbent for environmental and biological applications. Chromatographia 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Hogendoorn E, van Zoonen P. Recent and future developments of liquid chromatography in pesticide trace analysis. J Chromatogr A 2000; 892:435-53. [PMID: 11045503 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)00151-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, the application of liquid chromatography (LC) in pesticide analysis was usually focused on groups of compounds or single compounds for which no suitable conditions were available for analysis with gas chromatography (GC). However, recent developments in both detection and column material technology show that LC significantly enlarged its scope in this field of analysis. Obviously, the most striking example is the rather abrupt transition of LC coupled to mass spectrometric detection (MS) from an experimental and scientifically fashionable technique to a robust, sensitive and selective detection mode rendering LC-MS being increasingly used in pesticide trace analysis. Other recent major developments originate from the innovation of new LC column packing materials, viz. immuno-affinity sorbents, restricted access medium materials and molecular imprinted polymers improving considerably the screening of polar pesticides by means of reversed-phase LC with UV detection. In this review the merits and perspectives of these important LC developments and their impact to current and future applications in pesticide trace analysis are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Hogendoorn
- Laboratory of Organic-Analytical Chemistry, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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Stevenson D. Immuno-affinity solid-phase extraction. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 745:39-48. [PMID: 10997703 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of trace organics such as drugs and pesticides at low concentration in biological and environmental samples is a challenging analytical task. Despite recent advances in instrumentation most analysts regard sample preparation as the rate-limiting step in the overall analytical method. In recent years there has been a lot of interest in immobilising antibodies onto solid supports such as silica to provide highly selective solid-phase extraction. This paper reviews the use of immuno-affinity for solid-phase extraction. It uses as examples extraction of chlortoluron and isoproturon from water and morphine and clenbuterol in urine and plasma respectively. An extensive list of other examples is given. Optimisation procedures are discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stevenson
- School of Biological Sciences, Robens Analytical Centre, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
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11
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Delaunay N, Pichon V, Hennion MC. Immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction for the trace-analysis of low-molecular-mass analytes in complex sample matrices. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 2000; 745:15-37. [PMID: 10997702 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)00116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Immunoaffinity solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents, so-called immunosorbents (ISs), are based upon molecular recognition using antibodies. Thanks to the high affinity and high selectivity of the antigen-antibody interaction, they allow a high degree of molecular selectivity and have shown to be a unique tool in the sample preparation area these last few years. Extraction and clean-up of complex biological and environmental aqueous samples are achieved in the same step and from large volumes when required. Their application to extracts from solid matrixes is solvent-free and more simple than any other clean-up procedure. Single analytes can be targeted, but since an antibody can also bind one or more analytes having structure similar to the one used for its preparation, ISs have been developed for targeting a single analyte and its metabolites. The cross-reactivity was also exploited for developing ISs that could selectively extract a whole class of structurally related compounds. This review describes the current technology used for the synthesis of the ISs, their properties and their field of application. The different parameters governing the antigen-antibody interactions and the solid-phase extraction process are discussed. Emphasis is given to the optimisation of the SPE sequence, especially to the desorption and regeneration steps. The importance of the capacity and its relationship with the analytes recovery and breakthrough volumes is highlighted for class-specific ISs. Multi-class-selective ISs are also presented. Validation studies are reviewed using various certified reference materials. Relevant examples, involving combination with chromatography in both off-line and on-line mode, illustrate the high selectivity provided in various complex matrixes. Miniaturisation is also described, since it allows high throughput of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Delaunay
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique CNRS 657, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, Paris, France
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12
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Chapter 4 Sample handling and analysis of pesticides and their transformation products in water matrices by liquid chromatographic techniques. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-9244(00)80010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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13
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Rashid BA, Kwasowski P, Stevenson D. Solid phase extraction of clenbuterol from plasma using immunoaffinity followed by HPLC. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 21:635-9. [PMID: 10701431 DOI: 10.1016/s0731-7085(99)00165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An immuno-extraction column for clenbuterol has been prepared. Optimum conditions for the selective retention and elution of clenbuterol have been developed, based on a modification of our earlier work on morphine, chlortoluron and isoproturon. Clenbuterol could be retained on the immuno-column then eluted in one x one ml fraction using 50% methanol in phosphate buffered saline pH 2. On columns containing antisera (but not to clenbuterol) the clenbuterol was removed in the washing step. HPLC-UV determination gave clean traces. Day-to-day reproducibility was improved by precipitating the plasma proteins with acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Rashid
- Robens Analytical Centre, School of Biological Science, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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14
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Potential of immunoextraction coupled to analytical and bioanalytical methods (liquid chromatography, ELISA kit and phosphatase inhibition test) for an improved environmental monitoring of cyanobacterial toxins. Anal Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Hennion MC. Solid-phase extraction: method development, sorbents, and coupling with liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1999; 856:3-54. [PMID: 10526783 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 659] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review is to provide updated information about the most important features of the new solid-phase extraction (SPE) materials, their interaction mode and their potential for modern SPE. First, the recent developments are given in formats, phases, automation, high throughput purpose and set-up of new types of procedures. Emphasis is then placed on the large choice of sorbents for trapping analytes over a wide range of polarities, such as highly cross-linked copolymers, functionalized copolymers, graphitized carbons or some specific n-alkylsilicas. The method development is given which is based on prediction from liquid chromatographic retention data or solvation parameters in order to determine the main parameters of any sequence (type and amount of sorbent, sample volume which can be applied without loss of recovery, composition and volume of the clean-up solution, composition and volume of the desorption solution). Obtaining extracts free from matrix interferences in a few steps--one step when possible--is now included in the development of SPE procedure. New selective phases such as mixed-mode and restricted access matrix sorbents or emerging phases such as immunosorbents or molecularly imprinted polymers are reviewed. Selectivity obtained by combining two sorbents is described with the use of ion-exchange or ion-pair sorbents. Special attention is given to complete automation of the SPE sequence with its on-line coupling with liquid chromatography followed by various detection modes. This represents a fast, modern and reliable approach to trace analysis. Many examples illustrate the various features of modern SPE which are discussed in this review. They have been selected in both biological and environmental areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Hennion
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie de Paris, France.
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16
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Bouzige M, Legeay P, Pichon V, Hennion MC. Selective on-line immunoextraction coupled to liquid chromatography for the trace determination of benzidine, congeners and related azo dyes in surface water and industrial effluents. J Chromatogr A 1999; 846:317-29. [PMID: 10420617 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A new extraction immunosorbent involving antigen-antibody interactions was coupled on-line to liquid chromatography for the selective extraction in aqueous samples of benzidine and congeners, widely used as intermediate compounds in the manufacturing of dyes and pigments. Due to the cross-reactivity of the antibodies for analytes with chemical structures closely related to that of the analyte used for immunization, the immunoextraction sorbent was shown to be able to extract aminoazobenzene and related azo dyes with good recoveries. The on-line coupling was optimized for the trace determination of benzidine, dichlorobenzidine, aminoazobenzene and some azo dyes with detection limits in the range 0.1 to 1 microgram/l. The high selectivity of the immunoextraction was shown by comparing the analysis of an industrial textile effluent obtained using precolumns packed either with a non-selective polymeric sorbent or with the anti-benzidine immunosorbent. In such complex samples, extraction and clean-up are achieved in the same step.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bouzige
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique (ERS CNRS 657), Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de Paris, France
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Pichon V, Bouzige M, Hennion MC. New trends in environmental trace-analysis of organic pollutants: class-selective immunoextraction and clean-up in one step using immunosorbents1Presented at Immunochemistry Summit VI, Las Vegas, 8–9 September 1997.1. Anal Chim Acta 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Bouzige M, Pichon V, Hennion MC. On-line coupling of immunosorbent and liquid chromatographic analysis for the selective extraction and determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water samples at the ng l−1 level. J Chromatogr A 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Highly selective antibody-mediated extraction of isoproturon from complex matrices. Chromatographia 1998. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02466480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Rashid BA, Aherne GW, Katmeh MF, Kwasowski P, Stevenson D. Determination of morphine in urine by solid-phase immunoextraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. J Chromatogr A 1998; 797:245-50. [PMID: 9542117 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)01185-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of morphine in biological fluids is of vital interest in monitoring opiate abuse and in drug abuse research. Although methods for analysis of morphine and its metabolites are well established, studies are still being carried out to improve sample preparation procedures as well as detection levels of morphine in biological samples. In this study, morphine-specific immunosorbents were developed to concentrate morphine prior to HPLC analysis. Urine (0.1 ml) was diluted 10-fold with phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4 (PBS), loaded onto a solid-phase immunoextraction column and washed with 15 ml PBS followed by elution with 2 ml of elution buffer (40% ethanol in PBS, pH 4). The eluted fraction was analysed for morphine by HPLC-electrochemical detection using a cyanopropyl (CN) analytical column with 25% acetonitrile in phosphate buffer-sodium lauryl sulphate, pH 2.4 as the mobile phase. Duration of the extraction procedure was approximately 40 min. Calibration graphs were linear from 100 ng ml-1 to 500 ng ml-1 in urine. The inter-assay R.S.D. was < 10% and the recovery of morphine from urine was > 98%. Immunocolumns demonstrated remarkably high specificity towards morphine showing minimal binding with other opiate metabolites such as codeine, normorphine, norcodeine, morphine-3-glucuronide, morphine-6-glucuronide.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Rashid
- Analytical Centre, Robens Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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21
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Bean KA, Henion JD. Determination of carbendazim in soil and lake water by immunoaffinity extraction and coupled-column liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00819-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Ferrer I, Hennion MC, Barceló D. Immunosorbents Coupled On-Line with Liquid Chromatography/Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization/Mass Spectrometry for the Part per Trillion Level Determination of Pesticides in Sediments and Natural Waters Using Low Preconcentration Volumes. Anal Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ac970843h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imma Ferrer
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, CIDCSIC c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Environment et Chimie Analytique, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles (ESPCI) de Paris, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris, cedex 05, France
| | - Marie-Claire Hennion
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, CIDCSIC c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Environment et Chimie Analytique, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles (ESPCI) de Paris, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris, cedex 05, France
| | - Damià Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, CIDCSIC c/Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain, and Laboratoire de Environment et Chimie Analytique, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles (ESPCI) de Paris, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris, cedex 05, France
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Ferrer I, Pichon V, Hennion MC, Barceló D. Automated sample preparation with extraction columns by means of anti-isoproturon immunosorbents for the determination of phenylurea herbicides in water followed by liquid chromatography–diode array detection and liquid chromatography–atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Cai J, Henion J. Quantitative multi-residue determination of beta-agonists in bovine urine using on-line immunoaffinity extraction-coupled column packed capillary liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY. B, BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES AND APPLICATIONS 1997; 691:357-70. [PMID: 9174272 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(96)00433-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This report demonstrates the potential of on-line immunoaffinity extraction and coupled column packed capillary liquid chromatography-ion spray tandem mass spectrometry for multi-residue determination of five beta-agonists, clenbuterol, mabuterol, mapenterol, methylclenbuterol, and tolubuterol, in bovine urine using an automated column switching system. Trace enrichment and preliminary sample cleanup was performed on-line using bovine urine diluted with phosphate-buffered saline. The column switching process involves trapping the target analytes onto a mini-bore immunoaffinity column, whereupon the target analytes are released from the immunoaffinity column onto a trapping column and subsequently eluted onto a packed capillary analytical column. The latter packed capillary column was used to provide the optimum sensitivity for ion spray LC-MS-MS analyses. The three-column system consists of a 2.0 mm I.D. immunoaffinity column, a 1 mm I.D. reversed-phase trapping column and a 320 microm I.D. packed capillary analytical column. Both qualitative and quantitative results are presented for the multi-residue determination of the target beta-agonists from the complex urinary matrix. Using tolubuterol as an internal standard, the quantitative data showed good linear response within the concentration ranges studied. Lower levels of quantitation were 50 part per trillion (ppt) for clenbuterol and methylclenbuterol, 20 ppt for mabuterol and 10 ppt for mapenterol. The bovine renal elimination is described using the technique for one of the beta-agonists, clenbuterol. The concentration of clenbuterol was detectable 15 days after the cessation of oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cai
- Analytical Toxicology, Diagnostic Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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25
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Sample Handling Techniques (Extraction and Clean-up of Samples). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-9244(97)80005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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26
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Immunochemical Methods and Biosensors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-9244(97)80007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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27
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Pichon V, Rogniaux H, Fischer-Durand N, Rejeb SB, Le Goffic F, Hennion MC. Characteristics of immunosorbents used as a new approach to selective solid-phase extraction in environmental analysis. Chromatographia 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02505573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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28
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Martin-Esteban A, Kwasowski P, Stevenson D. Immunoaffinity-based extraction of phenylurea herbicides using mixed antibodies against isoproturon and chlortoluron. Chromatographia 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02505585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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29
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Knutsson M, Nilvé G, Mathiasson L, Jönsson JÅ. Supported liquid membranes for sampling and sample preparation of pesticides in water. J Chromatogr A 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(96)00218-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Cai J, Henion J. On-line immunoaffinity extraction-coupled column capillary liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: trace analysis of LSD analogs and metabolites in human urine. Anal Chem 1996; 68:72-8. [PMID: 8779437 DOI: 10.1021/ac950763i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
An on-line immunoaffinity extraction-coupled column capillary liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (IAE/LC/LC/MS/MS) method is described. The system involves three columns, a 2.1-mm-i.d. protein G immunoaffinity column with noncovalently immobilized antibody specific to the analytes of interest, a packed capillary trapping column, and a packed capillary analytical column. With use of a short packed capillary trapping column, the protein G column could be operated at flow rates of 2.5-4 mL/min while the packed capillary analytical column was maintained at a flow rate of 3.5 microL/min. Human urine diluted 1:1 with phosphate-buffered saline was pumped directly onto the immunoaffinity column without pretreatment and was analyzed by electrospray mass spectrometry following the column switching process. Sample handling and transfer procedures were eliminated. The system was optimized and evaluated for the determination of LSD, its analogs, and metabolites in spiked human urine at low part-per-trillion (ppt) levels using mass spectrometric detection. LSD-positive human urine specimens from LSD users were also analyzed. Concentrations as low as 2.5 ppt of LSD and several of its analogs were detected in spiked human urine using IAE/LC/LC/MS/MS/. This is 20-fold below our previous limit of detection using solid phase extraction and LC/MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cai
- Diagnostic Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
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