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Kaffashi K, Dréau D, Nesmelova IV. Heterodimers Are an Integral Component of Chemokine Signaling Repertoire. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11639. [PMID: 37511398 PMCID: PMC10380872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of signaling proteins that play a crucial role in cell-cell communication, cell migration, and cell trafficking, particularly leukocytes, under both normal and pathological conditions. The oligomerization state of chemokines influences their biological activity. The heterooligomerization occurs when multiple chemokines spatially and temporally co-localize, and it can significantly affect cellular responses. Recently, obligate heterodimers have emerged as tools to investigate the activities and molecular mechanisms of chemokine heterodimers, providing valuable insights into their functional roles. This review focuses on the latest progress in understanding the roles of chemokine heterodimers and their contribution to the functioning of the chemokine network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Kaffashi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
- Department of Physics and Optical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Didier Dréau
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Irina V Nesmelova
- Department of Physics and Optical Sciences, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
- School of Data Science, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
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2
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Qiao D, Zhao Y, Pei C, Zhao X, Jiang X, Zhu L, Zhang J, Li L, Kong X. Genome-wide identification, evolutionary analysis, and antimicrobial activity prediction of CC chemokines in allotetraploid common carp, Cyprinus carpio. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:114-131. [PMID: 36084887 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chemokines are a group of secreted small molecules which are essential for cell migration in physiological and pathological conditions by binding to specific chemokine receptors. They are structurally classified into five groups, namely CXC, CC, CX3C, XC and CX. CC chemokine group is the largest one among them. In this study, we identified and characterized 61 CC chemokines from allotetraploid common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The sequence analyses showed that the majority of CC chemokines had an N-terminal signal peptide, and an SCY domain, and all CC chemokines were located in the extracellular region. Phylogenetic, evolutionary and syntenic analyses confirmed that CC chemokines were annotated as 11 different types (CCL19, CCL20, CCL25, CCL27, CCL32, CCL33, CCL34, CCL35, CCL36, CCL39, and CCL44), which exhibited unique gene arrangement pattern and chromosomal location respectively. Furthermore, genome synteny analyses between common carp and four representative teleost species indicated expansion of common carp CC chemokines resulted from the whole genome duplication (WGD) event. Additionally, the continuous evolution of gene CCL25s in teleost afforded a novel viewpoint to explain the WGD event in teleost. Then, we predicted the three-dimensional structures and probable function regions of common carp CC chemokines. All the CC chemokines core structures were constituted of an N-loop, a three-stranded β-sheet, and a C-terminal helix. Finally, 43 CC chemokines were predicted to have probable general antimicrobial activity. Their tertiary structures, cationic and amphiphilic physicochemical property supported the viewpoint. To verify the prediction, six recombinant CCL19s proteins were prepared and the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Aeromonas hydrophila were verified. The results supported our prediction that rCCL19a.1s (rCCL19a.1_a, rCCL19a.1_b) and rCCL19bs (rCCL19b_a, rCCL19b_b), especially rCCL19bs, exhibited extremely significant inhibition to the growth of both E. coli and A. hydrophila. On the contrary, two rCCL19a.2s had no significant inhibitory effect. These studies suggested that CC chemokines were essential in immune system evolution and not monofunctional during pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qiao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Yanjing Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Chao Pei
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Li Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Henan province, PR China.
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A new obligate CXCL4-CXCL12 heterodimer for studying chemokine heterodimer activities and mechanisms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17204. [PMID: 36229490 PMCID: PMC9561612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines form a family of proteins with critical roles in many biological processes in health and disease conditions, including cardiovascular, autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancer. Many chemokines engage in heterophilic interactions to form heterodimers, leading to synergistic activity enhancement or reduction dependent on the nature of heterodimer-forming chemokines. In mixtures, different chemokine species with diverse activities coexist in dynamic equilibrium, leading to the observation of their combined response in biological assays. To overcome this problem, we produced a non-dissociating CXCL4-CXCL12 chemokine heterodimer OHD4-12 as a new tool for studying the biological activities and mechanisms of chemokine heterodimers in biological environments. Using the OHD4-12, we show that the CXCL4-CXCL12 chemokine heterodimer inhibits the CXCL12-driven migration of triple-negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We also show that the CXCL4-CXCL12 chemokine heterodimer binds and activates the CXCR4 receptor.
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The marriage of chemokines and galectins as functional heterodimers. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8073-8095. [PMID: 34767039 PMCID: PMC8629806 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Trafficking of leukocytes and their local activity profile are of pivotal importance for many (patho)physiological processes. Fittingly, microenvironments are complex by nature, with multiple mediators originating from diverse cell types and playing roles in an intimately regulated manner. To dissect aspects of this complexity, effectors are initially identified and structurally characterized, thus prompting familial classification and establishing foci of research activity. In this regard, chemokines present themselves as role models to illustrate the diversification and fine-tuning of inflammatory processes. This in turn discloses the interplay among chemokines, their cell receptors and cognate glycosaminoglycans, as well as their capacity to engage in new molecular interactions that form hetero-oligomers between themselves and other classes of effector molecules. The growing realization of versatility of adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins that bind to glycans and proteins and their presence at sites of inflammation led to testing the hypothesis that chemokines and galectins can interact with each other by protein-protein interactions. In this review, we present some background on chemokines and galectins, as well as experimental validation of this chemokine-galectin heterodimer concept exemplified with CXCL12 and galectin-3 as proof-of-principle, as well as sketch out some emerging perspectives in this arena.
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Caveolin-1 in Kidney Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection: An Integrated Immunohistochemical and Transcriptomic Analysis Based on the Banff Human Organ Transplant (B-HOT) Gene Panel. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101318. [PMID: 34680435 PMCID: PMC8533527 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 overexpression has previously been reported as a marker of endothelial injury in kidney chronic antibody-mediated rejection (c-ABMR), but conclusive evidence supporting its use for daily diagnostic practice is missing. This study aims to evaluate if Caveolin-1 can be considered an immunohistochemical surrogate marker of c-ABMR. Caveolin-1 expression was analyzed in a selected series of 22 c-ABMR samples and 11 controls. Caveolin-1 immunohistochemistry proved positive in peritubular and glomerular capillaries of c-ABMR specimens, irrespective of C4d status whereas all controls were negative. Multiplex gene expression profiling in c-ABMR cases confirmed Caveolin-1 overexpression and identified additional genes (n = 220) and pathways, including MHC Class II antigen presentation and Type II interferon signaling. No differences in terms of gene expression (including Caveolin-1 gene) were observed according to C4d status. Conversely, immune cell signatures showed a NK-cell prevalence in C4d-negative samples compared with a B-cell predominance in C4d-positive cases, a finding confirmed by immunohistochemical assessment. Finally, differentially expressed genes were observed between c-ABMR and controls in pathways associated with Caveolin-1 functions (angiogenesis, cell metabolism and cell–ECM interaction). Based on our findings, Caveolin-1 resulted as a key player in c-ABMR, supporting its role as a marker of this condition irrespective of C4d status.
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Basudan AM, Aziz MA, Yang Y. Implications of zonal architecture on differential gene expression profiling and altered pathway expressions in mandibular condylar cartilage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16915. [PMID: 34413358 PMCID: PMC8376865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC) is a multi-zonal heterogeneous fibrocartilage containing different types of cells, but the factors/mechanisms governing the phenotypic transition across the zones have not been fully understood. The reliability of molecular studies heavily rely on the procurement of pure cell populations from the heterogeneous tissue. We used a combined laser-capture microdissection and microarray analysis approach which allowed identification of differential zone-specific gene expression profiling and altered pathways in the MCC of 5-week-old rats. The bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the MCC cells clearly exhibited distinguishable phenotypes from the articular chondrocytes. Additionally, a set of genes has been determined as potential markers to identify each MCC zone individually; Crab1 gene showed the highest enrichment while Clec3a was the most downregulated gene at the superficial layer, which consists of fibrous (FZ) and proliferative zones (PZ). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed numerous altered signaling pathways; Leukocyte extravasation signaling pathway was predicted to be activated at all MCC zones, in particular mature and hypertrophic chondrocytes zones (MZ&HZ), when compared with femoral condylar cartilage (FCC). Whereas Superpathway of Cholesterol Biosynthesis showed predicted activation in both FZ and PZ as compared with deep MCC zones and FCC. Determining novel zone-specific differences of large group of potential genes, upstream regulators and pathways in healthy MCC would improve our understanding of molecular mechanisms on regional (zonal) basis, and provide new insights for future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha M Basudan
- Division of Orthodontics, Dental Services Department, KAMC/KAIMRC/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNGHA), Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Azhar Aziz
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Colorectal Cancer Research Program, MNGHA, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Division of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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Shao H, Oltion K, Wu T, Gestwicki JE. Differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) screen to identify inhibitors of Hsp60 protein-protein interactions. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 18:4157-4163. [PMID: 32458889 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00928h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
There are relatively few methods available for discovering inhibitors of the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) that hold together homo-oligomers. We envisioned that Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF) might be a versatile way to discover this type of inhibitor because oligomers are often more thermally stable than monomers. Using the homo-heptameric chaperonin, Hsp60, as a model, we screened ∼5000 diverse compounds in 384-well plates by DSF, revealing molecules that partially inhibited oligomerization. Because DSF does not require protein labeling or structural information, we propose that it could be a versatile way to uncover PPI inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Keely Oltion
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Taia Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Jason E Gestwicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Kostrzewa-Nowak D, Trzeciak-Ryczek A, Wityk P, Cembrowska-Lech D, Nowak R. Post-Effort Changes in Autophagy- and Inflammation-Related Gene Expression in White Blood Cells of Healthy Young Men. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061406. [PMID: 34204085 PMCID: PMC8229752 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute, strenuous physical exertion requiring high levels of energy production induces the production of reactive oxygen species and metabolic disturbances that can damage the mitochondria. Thus, selective autophagic elimination of defective mitochondria may improve resistance to oxidative stress and potentially to inflammation. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the impacts of intense effort on changes in the expression of select genes related to post-effort inflammation and autophagy. Thirty-five men aged 16–21 years were recruited to the study. The impacts of both aerobic (endurance) and anaerobic (speed) efforts on selected genes encoding chemokines (CXCL5, 8–12) were analyzed. Significant increases in the expression of all studied genes excluding CXCL12 were observed. Moreover, both types of effort induced an increase in the expression of genes encoding IL-2, -4, -6, -10, IFN-γ and TNF-α, excluding IL-17A. Generally, these efforts caused a significant increase in the relative expression of apoptosis- (BCL2 and BAX) and autophagy- (BNIP3, BECN1, MAP1LC3B, ATG5, ATG7, ATG12, ATG16L1 and SQSTM1) related genes. It seems that the duration of physical activity and its bioenergetic cost has an important impact on the degree of increase in expression of this panel of autophagy-related genes. Anaerobic effort is more strenuous than aerobic effort and requires a higher bioenergetic investment. This may explain the stronger impact of anaerobic effort on the expression of the studied genes. This observation seems to support the protective role of autophagy proposed in prior studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak
- Centre for Human Structural and Functional Research, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 17C Narutowicza St., 70-240 Szczecin, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicja Trzeciak-Ryczek
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska St., 71-415 Szczecin, Poland; (A.T.-R.); (D.C.-L.)
- The Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska St., 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Wityk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Danuta Cembrowska-Lech
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska St., 71-415 Szczecin, Poland; (A.T.-R.); (D.C.-L.)
- The Centre for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska St., 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Robert Nowak
- Centre for Human Structural and Functional Research, Institute of Physical Culture Sciences, University of Szczecin, 17C Narutowicza St., 70-240 Szczecin, Poland;
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Huang H, Mao J, Liang Q, Lin J, Jiang L, Liu S, Sharp JS, Wei Z. Structural analysis of glycosaminoglycans from Oviductus ranae. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:25-33. [PMID: 33411075 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09962-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oviductus ranae (O.ran.) has been widely used as a tonic and a traditional animal-based Chinese medicine. O.ran. extracts have been reported to have numerous biological activities, including activities that are often associated with mammalian glycosaminoglycans such as anti-inflammatory, antiosteoperotic, and anti-asthmatic. Glycosaminoglycans are complex linear polysaccharides ubiquitous in mammals that possess a wide range of biological activities. However, their presence and possible structural characteristics within O.ran. were previously unknown. In this study, glycosaminoglycans were isolated from O.ran. and their disaccharide compositions were analyzed by liquid chromatography-ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-MS-ITTOF). Heparan sulfate (HS)/heparin (HP), chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) were detected in O.ran. with varied disaccharide compositions. HS species contain highly acetylated disaccharides, and have various structures in their constituent chains. CS/DS chains also possess a heterogeneous structure with different sulfation patterns and densities. This novel structural information could help clarify the possible involvement of these polysaccharides in the biological activities of O.ran..
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Huang
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Mao
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Quntao Liang
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianghui Lin
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilong Jiang
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shutao Liu
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China
| | - Joshua S Sharp
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 38655, USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Institute of Glycobiochemistry, National Engineering Research Centre of Chemical Fertilizer Catalyst, Fu Zhou University, Fu Zhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
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Joshi N, Kumar D, Poluri KM. Elucidating the Molecular Interactions of Chemokine CCL2 Orthologs with Flavonoid Baicalin. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:22637-22651. [PMID: 32923824 PMCID: PMC7482410 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An integrated and controlled migration of leukocytes is necessary for the legitimate functioning and maintenance of the immune system. Chemokines and their receptors play a decisive role in regulating the leukocyte migration to the site of inflammation, a phenomena often referred to as chemotaxis. Chemokines and their receptors have become significant targets for therapeutic intervention considering their potential to regulate the immune system. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) is a preeminent member of CC chemokine family that facilitates crucial roles by orchestrating the recruitment of monocytes into inflamed tissues. Baicalin (BA), a major bioactive flavonoid, has been reported to attenuate chemokine-regulated leukocyte trafficking. However, no molecular details pertaining to its direct binding to chemokine(s)/receptor(s) are available till date. In the current study, using an array of monomers/dimers of human and murine CCL2 orthologs (hCCL2/mCCL2), we have shown that BA binds to the CCL2 protein specifically with nanomolar affinity (K d = 270 ± 20 nM). NMR-based studies established that BA binds CCL2 in a specific pocket involving the N-terminal, β1- and β3-sheets. Docking studies suggested that the residues T16, N17, R18, I20, R24, K49, E50, I51, and C52 are majorly involved in complex formation through a combination of H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions. As the residues R18, R24, and K49 of hCCL2 are crucial determinants of monocyte trafficking through receptor/glycosaminoglycans (GAG) binding in CCL2 human/murine orthologs, we propose that baicalin engaging these residues in complex formation will result in attenuation of CCL2 binding to the receptor/GAGs, thus inhibiting the chemokine-regulated leukocyte trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Centre
of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
- , . Tel: +91-1332-284779
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Caligiuri A, Pastore M, Lori G, Raggi C, Di Maira G, Marra F, Gentilini A. Role of Chemokines in the Biology of Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082215. [PMID: 32784743 PMCID: PMC7463556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a heterogeneous tumor with poor prognosis, can arise at any level in the biliary tree. It may derive from epithelial cells in the biliary tracts and peribiliary glands and possibly from progenitor cells or even hepatocytes. Several risk factors are responsible for CCA onset, however an inflammatory milieu nearby the biliary tree represents the most common condition favoring CCA development. Chemokines play a key role in driving the immunological response upon liver injury and may sustain tumor initiation and development. Chemokine receptor-dependent pathways influence the interplay among various cellular components, resulting in remodeling of the hepatic microenvironment towards a pro-inflammatory, pro-fibrogenic, pro-angiogenic and pre-neoplastic setting. Moreover, once tumor develops, chemokine signaling may influence its progression. Here we review the role of chemokines in the regulation of CCA development and progression, and the modulation of angiogenesis, metastasis and immune control. The potential role of chemokines and their receptors as possible biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets for hepatobiliary cancer is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabio Marra
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (A.G.); Tel.: +39-055-2758095 or +39-055-2758498 or +39-055-2758499 (F.M.); +39-055-2751801 (A.G.)
| | - Alessandra Gentilini
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (A.G.); Tel.: +39-055-2758095 or +39-055-2758498 or +39-055-2758499 (F.M.); +39-055-2751801 (A.G.)
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Li JY, Chen YC, Lee YZ, Huang CH, Sue SC. N-terminal Backbone Pairing Shifts in CCL5- 12AAA 14 Dimer Interface: Structural Significance of the FAY Sequence. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051689. [PMID: 32121575 PMCID: PMC7084690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CC-type chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) has been known to regulate immune responses by mediating the chemotaxis of leukocytes. Depending on the environment, CCL5 forms different orders of oligomers to interact with targets and create functional diversity. A recent CCL5 trimer structure revealed that the N-terminal conversed F12-A13-Y14 (12FAY14) sequence is involved in CCL5 aggregation. The CCL5-12AAA14 mutant with two mutations had a deficiency in the formation of high-order oligomers. In the study, we clarify the respective roles of F12 and Y14 through NMR analysis and structural determination of the CCL5-12AAA14 mutant where F12 is involved in the dimer assembly and Y14 is involved in aggregation. The CCL5-12AAA14 structure contains a unique dimer packing. The backbone pairing shifts for one-residue in the N-terminal interface, when compared to the native CCL5 dimer. This difference creates a new structural orientation and leads to the conclusion that F12 confines the native CCL5 dimer configuration. Without F12 anchoring in the position, the interfacial backbone pairing is permitted to slide. Structural plasticity occurs in the N-terminal interaction. This is the first case to report this structural rearrangement through mutagenesis. The study provides a new idea for chemokine engineering and complements the understanding of CCL5 oligomerization and the role of the 12FAY14 sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ye Li
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-Z.L.)
| | - Yi-Zong Lee
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-Z.L.)
- Instrument Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiang Huang
- Protein Diffraction Group, Experimental Facility Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Che Sue
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; (J.-Y.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (Y.-Z.L.)
- Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-5742025; Fax: +886-3-5715934
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Chen YC, Chen SP, Li JY, Chen PC, Lee YZ, Li KM, Zarivach R, Sun YJ, Sue SC. Integrative Model to Coordinate the Oligomerization and Aggregation Mechanisms of CCL5. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:1143-1157. [PMID: 31931012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CC-type chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) is involved in the pathogenesis of many inflammatory conditions. Under physiological conditions, CCL5 oligomerization and aggregation are considered to be responsible for its inflammatory properties. The structural basis of CCL5 oligomerization remains controversial because the current oligomer models contain no consensus interactions. In this study, NMR and biophysical analyses proposed evidence that the CC-type CCL5 dimer acts as the basic unit to constitute the oligomer and that CCL5 oligomerizes alternatively through E66-K25 and E66-R44/K45 interactions. In addition, a newly determined trimer structure, constituted by CCL5 and the E66S mutant, reported an interfacial interaction through the N-terminal 12FAY14 sequence. The interaction contributes to CCL5 aggregation and precipitation but not to oligomerization. In accordance with the observations, an integrative model explains the CCL5 oligomerization and aggregation mechanism in which CCL5 assembly consists of two types of dimer-dimer interactions and one aggregation mechanism. For full-length CCL5, the molecular accumulation triggers oligomerization through the E66-K25 and E66-R44/K45 interactions, and the 12FAY14 interaction acts as a secondary effect to derive aggregation and precipitation. In contrast, the E66-R44/K45 interaction might dominate in CCL5 N-terminal truncations, and the interaction would lead to the filament-like formation in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chen Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Siou-Pei Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Ye Li
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Zong Lee
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Instrument Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Mou Li
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Raz Zarivach
- Department of Life Sciences, The National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev and the Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yuh-Ju Sun
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Che Sue
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan; Department of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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14
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Bugatti A, Paiardi G, Urbinati C, Chiodelli P, Orro A, Uggeri M, Milanesi L, Caruso A, Caccuri F, D'Ursi P, Rusnati M. Heparin and heparan sulfate proteoglycans promote HIV-1 p17 matrix protein oligomerization: computational, biochemical and biological implications. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15768. [PMID: 31673058 PMCID: PMC6823450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
p17 matrix protein released by HIV+ cells interacts with leukocytes heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), CXCR1 and CXCR2 exerting different cytokine-like activities that contribute to AIDS pathogenesis. Since the bioactive form of several cytokines is represented by dimers/oligomers and oligomerization is promoted by binding to heparin or HSPGs, here we evaluated if heparin/HSPGs also promote p17 oligomerization. Heparin favours p17 dimer, trimer and tetramer assembly, in a time- and biphasic dose-dependent way. Heparin-induced p17 oligomerization is of electrostatic nature, being it prevented by NaCl, by removing negative sulfated groups of heparin and by neutralizing positive lysine residues in the p17 N-terminus. A new computational protocol has been implemented to study heparin chains up to 24-mer accommodating a p17 dimer. Molecular dynamics show that, in the presence of heparin, two p17 molecules undergo conformational modifications creating a continuous “electropositive channel” in which heparin sulfated groups interact with p17 basic amino acids, promoting its dimerization. At the cell surface, HSPGs induce p17 oligomerization, as demonstrated by using B-lymphoblastoid Namalwa cells overexpressing the HSPG Syndecan-1. Also, HSPGs on the surface of BJAB and Raji human B-lymphoblastoid cells are required to p17 to induce ERK1/2 activation, suggesting that HS-induced oligomerization plays a role in p17-induced lymphoid dysregulation during AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Bugatti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Paiardi
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Urbinati
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Chiodelli
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Orro
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Uggeri
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Milanesi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Arnaldo Caruso
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Francesca Caccuri
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pasqualina D'Ursi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marco Rusnati
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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15
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Denisov SS, Ippel JH, Heinzmann ACA, Koenen RR, Ortega-Gomez A, Soehnlein O, Hackeng TM, Dijkgraaf I. Tick saliva protein Evasin-3 modulates chemotaxis by disrupting CXCL8 interactions with glycosaminoglycans and CXCR2. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:12370-12379. [PMID: 31235521 PMCID: PMC6699855 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a group of chemotaxis proteins that regulate cell trafficking and play important roles in immune responses and inflammation. Ticks are blood-sucking parasites that secrete numerous immune-modulatory agents in their saliva to evade host immune responses. Evasin-3 is a small salivary protein that belongs to a class of chemokine-binding proteins isolated from the brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Evasin-3 has been shown to have a high affinity for chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8 and to diminish inflammation in mice. In the present study, solution NMR spectroscopy was used to investigate the structure of Evasin-3 and its CXCL8–Evasin-3 complex. Evasin-3 is found to disrupt the glycosaminoglycan-binding site of CXCL8 and inhibit the interaction of CXCL8 with CXCR2. Structural data were used to design two novel CXCL8-binding peptides. The linear tEv3 17–56 and cyclic tcEv3 16–56 dPG Evasin-3 variants were chemically synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The affinity of these newly synthesized variants to CXCL8 was measured by surface plasmon resonance biosensor analysis. The Kd values of tEv3 17–56 and tcEv3 16–56 dPG were 27 and 13 nm, respectively. Both compounds effectively inhibited CXCL8-induced migration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils. The present results suggest utility of synthetic Evasin-3 variants as scaffolds for designing and fine-tuning new chemokine-binding agents that suppress immune responses and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan S Denisov
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H Ippel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandra C A Heinzmann
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rory R Koenen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Almudena Ortega-Gomez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Soehnlein
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilian University, 80336, Munich, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research, 13316, Berlin, Germany; Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tilman M Hackeng
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid Dijkgraaf
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Maastricht, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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16
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Thomas MA, Kleist AB, Volkman BF. Decoding the chemotactic signal. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 104:359-374. [PMID: 29873835 PMCID: PMC6099250 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1mr0218-044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
From an individual bacterium to the cells that compose the human immune system, cellular chemotaxis plays a fundamental role in allowing cells to navigate, interpret, and respond to their environments. While many features of cellular chemotaxis are shared among systems as diverse as bacteria and human immune cells, the machinery that guides the migration of these model organisms varies widely. In this article, we review current literature on the diversity of chemoattractant ligands, the cell surface receptors that detect and process chemotactic gradients, and the link between signal recognition and the regulation of cellular machinery that allow for efficient directed cellular movement. These facets of cellular chemotaxis are compared among E. coli, Dictyostelium discoideum, and mammalian neutrophils to derive organizational principles by which diverse cell systems sense and respond to chemotactic gradients to initiate cellular migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A. Thomas
- Department of BiochemistryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Andrew B. Kleist
- Department of BiochemistryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
| | - Brian F. Volkman
- Department of BiochemistryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
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17
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Angelini A, Miyabe Y, Newsted D, Kwan BH, Miyabe C, Kelly RL, Jamy MN, Luster AD, Wittrup KD. Directed evolution of broadly crossreactive chemokine-blocking antibodies efficacious in arthritis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1461. [PMID: 29654232 PMCID: PMC5899157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03687-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors typically have multiple ligands. Consequently, treatment with a blocking antibody against a single chemokine is expected to be insufficient for efficacy. Here we show single-chain antibodies can be engineered for broad crossreactivity toward multiple human and mouse proinflammatory ELR+ CXC chemokines. The engineered molecules recognize functional epitopes of ELR+ CXC chemokines and inhibit neutrophil activation ex vivo. Furthermore, an albumin fusion of the most crossreactive single-chain antibody prevents and reverses inflammation in the K/BxN mouse model of arthritis. Thus, we report an approach for the molecular evolution and selection of broadly crossreactive antibodies towards a family of structurally related, yet sequence-diverse protein targets, with general implications for the development of novel therapeutics. CXCR2 antagonism has been shown to be anti-arthritic, but anti-chemokine therapies usually fail in the clinic owing to redundancy in chemokine-receptor interactions. Here the authors develop single-chain antibodies with multiple chemokine specificities to achieve high affinity and broad specificity to mouse and human CXC chemokines with efficacy in a K/BxN serum transfer model of arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Angelini
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, Venezia Mestre, 30172, Italy.
| | - Yoshishige Miyabe
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Daniel Newsted
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Byron H Kwan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Chie Miyabe
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Ryan L Kelly
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Misha N Jamy
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Andrew D Luster
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 Thirteenth Street, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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18
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Ge B, Li J, Wei Z, Sun T, Song Y, Khan NU. Functional expression of CCL8 and its interaction with chemokine receptor CCR3. BMC Immunol 2017; 18:54. [PMID: 29281969 PMCID: PMC5745793 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemokines and their cognate receptors play important role in the control of leukocyte chemotaxis, HIV entry and other inflammatory diseases. Developing an effcient method to investigate the functional expression of chemokines and its interactions with specific receptors will be helpful to asses the structural and functional characteristics as well as the design of new approach to therapeutic intervention. Results By making systematic optimization study of expression conditions, soluble and functional production of chemokine C-C motif ligand 8 (CCL8) in Escherichia coli (E. coli) has been achieved with approx. 1.5 mg protein/l culture. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) analysis exhibited that the purified CCL8 could bind with C-C chemokine receptor type 3 (CCR3) with dissociation equilibrium constant (KD) as 1.2 × 10−7 M in vitro. Obvious internalization of CCR3 in vivo could be detected in 1 h when exposed to 100 nM of CCL8. Compared with chemokine C-C motif ligand 11 (CCL11) and chemokine C-C motif ligand 24 (CCL24), a weaker chemotactic effect of CCR3 expressing cells was observed when induced by CCL8 with same concentration. Conclusion This study delivers a simple and applicable way to produce functional chemokines in E. coli. The results clearly confirms that CCL8 can interact with chemokine receptor CCR3, therefore, it is promising area to develop drugs for the treatment of related diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12865-017-0237-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baosheng Ge
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiqiang Li
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijin Wei
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanzhuo Song
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
| | - Naseer Ullah Khan
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China
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19
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Teplyakov A, Obmolova G, Gilliland GL. Structural insights into chemokine CCL17 recognition by antibody M116. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 13:27-31. [PMID: 29264403 PMCID: PMC5726885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeostatic chemokine CCL17, also known as thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC), has been associated with various diseases such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, atopic dermatitis and ulcerative colitis. Neutralization of CCL17 by antibody treatment ameliorates the impact of disease by blocking influx of T cells. Monoclonal antibody M116 derived from a combinatorial library shows potency in neutralizing CCL17-induced signaling. To gain insight into the structural determinants of antigen recognition, the crystal structure of M116 Fab was determined in complex with CCL17 and in the unbound form. Comparison of the structures revealed an unusual induced-fit mechanism of antigen recognition that involves cis-trans isomerization in two CDRs. The structure of the CCL17-M116 complex revealed the antibody binding epitope, which does not overlap with the putative receptor epitope, suggesting that the current model of chemokine-receptor interactions, as observed in the CXCR4-vMIP-II system, may not be universal.
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Key Words
- Antibody
- CCL17
- CDR, complementarity determining region
- Cis-trans isomerization
- Crystal structure
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- Epitope
- HEPES, 4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid
- Neutralization
- PDB, Protein Data Bank
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- RMSD, root-mean-square deviation
- VH, variable domain of the heavy chain
- VL, variable domain of the light chain
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Teplyakov
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Galina Obmolova
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Gary L Gilliland
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
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20
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Chen YP, Wu HL, Boyé K, Pan CY, Chen YC, Pujol N, Lin CW, Chiu LY, Billottet C, Alves ID, Bikfalvi A, Sue SC. Oligomerization State of CXCL4 Chemokines Regulates G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activation. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:2767-2778. [PMID: 28945356 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CXCL4 chemokines have antiangiogenic properties, mediated by different mechanisms, including CXCR3 receptor activation. Chemokines have distinct oligomerization states that are correlated with their biological functions. CXCL4 exists as a stable tetramer under physiological conditions. It is unclear whether the oligomerization state impacts CXCL4-receptor interaction. We found that the CXCL4 tetramer is sensitive to pH and salt concentration. Residues Glu28 and Lys50 were important for tetramer formation, and the first β-strand and the C-terminal helix are critical for dimerization. By mutating the critical residues responsible for oligomerization, we generated CXCL4 mutants that behave as dimers or monomers under neutral/physiological conditions. The CXCL4 monomer acts as the minimal active unit for interacting CXCR3A, and sulfation of N-terminal tyrosine residues on the receptor is important for binding. Noticeably, CXCL4L1, a CXCL4 variant that differs by three residues in the C-terminal helix, could activate CXCR3A. CXCL4L1 showed a higher tendency to dissociate into monomers, but native CXCL4 did not. This result indicates that monomeric CXCL4 behaves like CXCL4L1. Thus, in this chemokine family, being in the monomeric state seems critical for interaction with CXCR3A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kevin Boyé
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Nadège Pujol
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Clotilde Billottet
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Isabel D. Alves
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
- CBMN UMR 5248 CNRS, Pessac, France
| | - Andreas Bikfalvi
- INSERM U1029, 33615 Pessac, France
- University Bordeaux, 33615 Pessac, France
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21
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Miller MC, Mayo KH. Chemokines from a Structural Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102088. [PMID: 28974038 PMCID: PMC5666770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are a family of small, highly conserved cytokines that mediate various biological processes, including chemotaxis, hematopoiesis, and angiogenesis, and that function by interacting with cell surface G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs). Because of their significant involvement in various biological functions and pathologies, chemokines and their receptors have been the focus of therapeutic discovery for clinical intervention. There are several sub-families of chemokines (e.g., CXC, CC, C, and CX3C) defined by the positions of sequentially conserved cysteine residues. Even though all chemokines also have a highly conserved, three-stranded β-sheet/α-helix tertiary structural fold, their quarternary structures vary significantly with their sub-family. Moreover, their conserved tertiary structures allow for subunit swapping within and between sub-family members, thus promoting the concept of a “chemokine interactome”. This review is focused on structural aspects of CXC and CC chemokines, their functional synergy and ability to form heterodimers within the chemokine interactome, and some recent developments in structure-based chemokine-targeted drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle C Miller
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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22
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Bonvin P, Gueneau F, Buatois V, Charreton-Galby M, Lasch S, Messmer M, Christen U, Luster AD, Johnson Z, Ferlin W, Kosco-Vilbois M, Proudfoot A, Fischer N. Antibody Neutralization of CXCL10 in Vivo Is Dependent on Binding to Free and Not Endothelial-bound Chemokine: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF A NEW GENERATION OF ANTI-CHEMOKINE THERAPEUTIC ANTIBODIES. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:4185-4197. [PMID: 28154179 PMCID: PMC5354510 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.745877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve our understanding of properties that confer successful inhibition of chemokines in vivo, we analyzed anti-murine CXCL10 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) having different characteristics. 1B6 displayed potent inhibition of cell recruitment in vitro with an IC50 of 0.5 nm but demonstrated little efficacy in various animal models of human disease. On the contrary, 1F11 showed efficacy in several models of inflammation yet was less potent at inhibiting chemotaxis in vitro with an IC50 of 21 nm Furthermore, we observed that 1B6 displayed a rapid dose-dependent clearance (t½ 10-60 h) in contrast to 1F11, which presented a dose-proportional pharmacokinetic profile and a half-life of 12 days. Moreover, 1B6 recognized glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-bound CXCL10, resulting in target-mediated clearance, which was corroborated using CXCL10-deficient mice. In contrast to 1B6, 1F11 inhibited the interaction of CXCL10 with GAGs, did not recognize GAG-bound CXCL10, and did not display target-mediated drug disposition. Confirming previous animal studies, 1B6 was poor at reversing glycemia in a model of type 1 diabetes, whereas 1F11 induced early and prolonged control of diabetes. Furthermore, when using 1A4, a subsequently generated anti-mCXCL10 mAb that shares the property with 1F11 of being unable to recognize CXCL10 immobilized on GAG, we observed a similar superior control of diabetes as compared with 1B6. We therefore concluded that targeting chemokines with antibodies such as 1B6 that recognize the more abundant GAG-bound form of the chemokine may not be the optimal strategy to achieve disease control.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/administration & dosage
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL10/antagonists & inhibitors
- Chemokine CXCL10/immunology
- Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte/physiology
- Cricetinae
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/prevention & control
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Glycosaminoglycans/metabolism
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bonvin
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Franck Gueneau
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Buatois
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maud Charreton-Galby
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stanley Lasch
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Marie Messmer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Urs Christen
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany, and
| | - Andrew D Luster
- the Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114
| | - Zoë Johnson
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Walter Ferlin
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marie Kosco-Vilbois
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Proudfoot
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fischer
- From Novimmune SA, chemin des Aulx 14, 1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland,
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23
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Stone MJ, Hayward JA, Huang C, E Huma Z, Sanchez J. Mechanisms of Regulation of the Chemokine-Receptor Network. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E342. [PMID: 28178200 PMCID: PMC5343877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The interactions of chemokines with their G protein-coupled receptors promote the migration of leukocytes during normal immune function and as a key aspect of the inflammatory response to tissue injury or infection. This review summarizes the major cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which the interactions of chemokines with chemokine receptors are regulated, including: selective and competitive binding interactions; genetic polymorphisms; mRNA splice variation; variation of expression, degradation and localization; down-regulation by atypical (decoy) receptors; interactions with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans; post-translational modifications; oligomerization; alternative signaling responses; and binding to natural or pharmacological inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Stone
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Jenni A Hayward
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Cheng Huang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Zil E Huma
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Julie Sanchez
- Infection and Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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24
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Barmore AJ, Castex SM, Gouletas BA, Griffith AJ, Metz SW, Muelder NG, Populin MJ, Sackett DM, Schuster AM, Veldkamp CT. Transferring the C-terminus of the chemokine CCL21 to CCL19 confers enhanced heparin binding. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:602-606. [PMID: 27338641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemokines direct the migration of cells during various immune processes and are involved in many disease states. For example, CCL19 and CCL21, through activation of the CCR7 receptor, recruit dendritic cells and naïve T-cells to the secondary lymphoid organs aiding in balancing immune response and tolerance. However, CCL19 and CCL21 can also direct the metastasis of CCR7 expressing cancers. Chemokine binding to glycosaminoglycans, such as heparin, is as important to chemokine function as receptor activation. CCL21 is unique in that it contains an extended C-terminus not found in other chemokines like CCL19. Deletion of this extended C-terminus reduces CCL21's affinity for heparin and transferring the CCL21 C-terminus to CCL19 enhances heparin binding mainly through non-specific, electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J Barmore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Sally M Castex
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Brittany A Gouletas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Alex J Griffith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Slater W Metz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Nicolas G Muelder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Michael J Populin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - David M Sackett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Abigail M Schuster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA
| | - Christopher T Veldkamp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater, WI 53190, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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25
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Tan X, Liu P, Huang Y, Zhou L, Yang Y, Wang H, Yu B, Meng X, Zhang X, Gao F. Phosphoproteome Analysis of Invasion and Metastasis-Related Factors in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152280. [PMID: 27014871 PMCID: PMC4807880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of abnormal protein phosphorylation that regulate cell invasion and metastasis in pancreatic cancer remain obscure. In this study, we used high-throughput phosphorylation array to test two pancreatic cancer cell lines (PC-1 cells with a low, and PC-1.0 cells with a high potential for invasion and metastasis). We noted that a total of 57 proteins revealed a differential expression (fold change ≥ 2.0). Six candidate proteins were further validated by western blot with results found to be accordance with the array. Of 57 proteins, 32 up-regulated proteins (e.g. CaMK1-α and P90RSK) were mainly involved in ErbB and neurotrophin signaling pathways as determined using DAVID software, while 25 down-regulated proteins (e.g. BID and BRCA1) were closely involved in apoptosis and p53 signaling pathways. Moreover, four proteins (AKT1, Chk2, p53 and P70S6K) with different phosphorylation sites were found, not only among up-regulated, but also among down-regulated proteins. Importantly, specific phosphorylation sites can affect cell biological functions. CentiScaPe software calculated topological characteristics of each node in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network: we found that AKT1 owns the maximum node degrees and betweenness in the up-regulation protein PPI network (26 nodes, average path length: 1.89, node degrees: 6.62±4.18, betweenness: 22.23±35.72), and p53 in the down-regulation protein PPI network (17 nodes, average path length: 2.04, node degrees: 3.65±2.47, betweenness: 16.59±29.58). In conclusion, the identification of abnormal protein phosphorylation related to invasion and metastasis may allow us to identify new biomarkers in an effort to develop novel therapeutic drug targets for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
- * E-mail:
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Yinpeng Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Huaitao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Boqiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Xiangli Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R.China
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26
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Gulati K, Poluri KM. Deciphering the in vitro homo and hetero oligomerization characteristics of CXCL1/CXCL2 chemokines. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01884j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine GRO chemokines CXCL1(mKC)/CXCL2(MIP2) forms heterodimers and thus adding another layer of regulatory mechanism for leukocyte trafficking during infection/inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Gulati
- Department of Biotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
| | - Krishna Mohan Poluri
- Department of Biotechnology
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee-247667
- India
- Centre for Nanotechnology
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27
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Examining Roles of Glycans in Chemokine-Mediated Dendritic-Endothelial Cell Interactions. Methods Enzymol 2015. [PMID: 26921954 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Interactions between glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and chemokines play a critical role in multiple physiological and pathological processes, including tumor metastasis and immune-cell trafficking. During our studies examining the genetic importance of the GAG subtype known as heparan sulfate (HS) on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), we established a repertoire of methods to assess how HS affects chemokine-mediated cell-cell interactions. In this chapter, we describe methods for monitoring migration and adhesion interactions of dendritic cells (DCs), the most potent antigen-presenting cells, with LECs. We will also report a methodology to assess chemokine-receptor interactions while incorporating approaches to target HS in the system. This includes in situ methods to visualize and quantify direct interactions between chemokines and chemokine receptors on DC surfaces, and how targeting HS produced by LECs or even DCs affects these interactions. These methods enable the mechanistic and functional characterization of GAG-chemokine interactions in cell-based studies that model physiologic interactions ex vivo. They may also be used to obtain novel insights into GAG-mediated biological processes.
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28
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Kuczkowska K, Mathiesen G, Eijsink VGH, Øynebråten I. Lactobacillus plantarum displaying CCL3 chemokine in fusion with HIV-1 Gag derived antigen causes increased recruitment of T cells. Microb Cell Fact 2015; 14:169. [PMID: 26494531 PMCID: PMC4618854 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-015-0360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chemokines are attractive candidates for vaccine adjuvants due to their ability to recruit the immune cells. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB)-based delivery vehicles have potential to be used as a cheap and safe option for vaccination. Chemokine produced on the surface of LAB may potentially enhance the immune response to an antigen and this approach can be considered in development of future mucosal vaccines. Results We have constructed strains of Lactobacillusplantarum displaying a chemokine on their surface. L. plantarum was genetically engineered to express and anchor to the surface a protein called CCL3Gag. CCL3Gag is a fusion protein comprising of truncated HIV-1 Gag antigen and the murine chemokine CCL3, also known as MIP-1α. Various surface anchoring strategies were explored: (1) a lipobox-based covalent membrane anchor, (2) sortase-mediated covalent cell wall anchoring, (3) LysM-based non-covalent cell wall anchoring, and (4) an N-terminal signal peptide-based transmembrane anchor. Protein production and correct localization were confirmed using Western blotting, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. Using a chemotaxis assay, we demonstrated that CCL3Gag-producing L. plantarum strains are able to recruit immune cells in vitro. Conclusions The results show the ability of engineered L. plantarum to produce a functional chemotactic protein immobilized on the bacterial surface. We observed that the activity of surface-displayed CCL3Gag differed depending on the type of anchor used. The chemokine which is a part of the bacteria-based vaccine may increase the recruitment of immune cells and, thereby, enhance the reaction of the immune system to the vaccine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-015-0360-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kuczkowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Geir Mathiesen
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Vincent G H Eijsink
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, 1432, Ås, Norway.
| | - Inger Øynebråten
- Department of Pathology and Centre for Immune Regulation, Oslo University Hospital-Rikshospitalet, and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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29
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Li G, Li L, Tian F, Zhang L, Xue C, Linhardt RJ. Glycosaminoglycanomics of cultured cells using a rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS approach. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1303-10. [PMID: 25680304 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.5b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a family of polysaccharides widely distributed in eukaryotic cells, are responsible for a wide array of biological functions. Quantitative disaccharide compositional analysis is one of the primary ways to characterize the GAG structure. This structural analysis is typically time-consuming (1-2 weeks) and labor intensive, requiring GAG recovery and multistep purification, prior to the enzymatic/chemical digestion of GAGs, and finally their analysis. Moreover, 10(5)-10(7) cells are usually required for compositional analysis. We report a sensitive, rapid, and quantitative analysis of GAGs present in a small number of cells. Commonly studied cell lines were selected based on phenotypic properties related to the biological functions of GAGs. These cells were lysed using a commercial surfactant reagent, sonicated, and digested with polysaccharide lyases. The resulting disaccharides were recovered by centrifugal filtration, labeled with 2-aminoacridone, and analyzed by liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS). Using a highly sensitive MS method, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), the limit of detection for each disaccharide was reduced to 0.5-1.0 pg, as compared with 1.0-5.0 ng obtained using standard LC-MS analysis. Sample preparation time was reduced to 1-2 days, and the cell number required was reduced to 5000 cells for complete GAG characterization to as few as 500 cells for the characterization of the major GAG disaccharide components. Our survey of the glycosaminoglycanomes of the 20 selected cell lines reveals major differences in their GAG amounts and compositions. Structure-function relationships are explored using these data, suggesting the utility of this method in cellular glycobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary
Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Lingyun Li
- Department of Chemistry
and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary
Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Wadsworth Center, New York State, Department of Health, Albany, New York 12201, United States
| | - Fang Tian
- American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Virginia 20110, United States
| | - Linxia Zhang
- Biomedical
Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Robert J. Linhardt
- Biomedical
Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Chemical and Biological
Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
- Biology,
Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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30
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Oberthür D, Achenbach J, Gabdulkhakov A, Buchner K, Maasch C, Falke S, Rehders D, Klussmann S, Betzel C. Crystal structure of a mirror-image L-RNA aptamer (Spiegelmer) in complex with the natural L-protein target CCL2. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6923. [PMID: 25901662 PMCID: PMC4423205 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the crystal structure of a 40mer mirror-image RNA oligonucleotide completely built from nucleotides of the non-natural L-chirality in complex with the pro-inflammatory chemokine L-CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1), a natural protein composed of regular L-amino acids. The L-oligonucleotide is an L-aptamer (a Spiegelmer) identified to bind L-CCL2 with high affinity, thereby neutralizing the chemokine's activity. CCL2 plays a key role in attracting and positioning monocytes; its overexpression in several inflammatory diseases makes CCL2 an interesting pharmacological target. The PEGylated form of the L-aptamer, NOX-E36 (emapticap pegol), already showed promising efficacy in clinical Phase II studies conducted in diabetic nephropathy patients. The structure of the L-oligonucleotide·L-protein complex was solved and refined to 2.05 Å. It unveils the L-aptamer's intramolecular contacts and permits a detailed analysis of its structure–function relationship. Furthermore, the analysis of the intermolecular drug–target interactions reveals insight into the selectivity of the L-aptamer for certain related chemokines. Spiegelmers are ‘mirror image' L-ribose oligonucleotides being developed as therapeutics. Here the authors present a crystal structure of the therapeutic L-aptamer NOX-E36 bound to the pro-inflammatory chemokine CLL2, providing insight into NOX-E36's selectivity and mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Oberthür
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY Building 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron-DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - John Achenbach
- NOXXON Pharma AG, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Azat Gabdulkhakov
- Institute of Protein Research, RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142290, Russian Federation
| | - Klaus Buchner
- NOXXON Pharma AG, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sven Falke
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY Building 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Rehders
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY Building 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Klussmann
- NOXXON Pharma AG, Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Betzel
- Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY Building 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
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31
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Øynebråten I, Barois N, Bergeland T, Küchler AM, Bakke O, Haraldsen G. Oligomerized, filamentous surface presentation of RANTES/CCL5 on vascular endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9261. [PMID: 25791723 PMCID: PMC4367157 DOI: 10.1038/srep09261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells present luminal chemokines that arrest rolling leukocytes
by activating integrins. It appears that several chemokines must form higher-order
oligomers to elicit proper in vivo effects, as mutants restricted to forming
dimers have lost the ability to recruit leukocytes to sites of inflammation. Here,
we show for the first time that the chemokine RANTES/CCL5 binds to the surface of
human endothelial cells in a regular filamentous pattern. Furthermore, the filaments
bound to the surface in a heparan sulfate-dependent manner. By electron microscopy
we observed labeling for RANTES on membrane projections as well as on the remaining
plasma membrane. Mutant constructs of RANTES restricted either in binding to
heparin, or in forming dimers or tetramers, appeared either in a granular,
non-filamentous pattern or were not detectable on the cell surface. The RANTES
filaments were also present after exposure to flow, suggesting that they can be
present in vivo. Taken together with the lacking in vivo or in
vitro effects of RANTES mutants, we suggest that the filamentous structures
of RANTES may be of physiological importance in leukocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Øynebråten
- 1] Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway [2] Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, RikshospitaletPO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicolas Barois
- The Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1041 Blindern, 0316 N-Oslo, Norway
| | - Trygve Bergeland
- The Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1041 Blindern, 0316 N-Oslo, Norway
| | - Axel M Küchler
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Oddmund Bakke
- 1] Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, RikshospitaletPO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway [2] The Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1041 Blindern, 0316 N-Oslo, Norway
| | - Guttorm Haraldsen
- 1] Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway [2] K. G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, RikshospitaletPO Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
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32
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Kufareva I, Salanga CL, Handel TM. Chemokine and chemokine receptor structure and interactions: implications for therapeutic strategies. Immunol Cell Biol 2015; 93:372-83. [PMID: 25708536 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2015.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The control of cell migration by chemokines involves interactions with two types of receptors: seven transmembrane chemokine-type G protein-coupled receptors and cell surface or extracellular matrix-associated glycosaminoglycans. Coordinated interaction of chemokines with both types of receptors is required for directional migration of cells in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Accumulated structural information, culminating most recently in the structure of a chemokine receptor in complex with a chemokine, has led to a view where chemokine oligomers bind to glycosaminoglycans through epitopes formed when chemokine subunits come together, while chemokine monomers bind to receptors in a pseudo two-step mechanism of receptor activation. Exploitation of this structural knowledge has and will continue to provide important information for therapeutic strategies, as described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kufareva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Catherina L Salanga
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tracy M Handel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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33
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Pomin VH. Sulfated glycans in inflammation. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 92:353-69. [PMID: 25576741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated glycans such as glycosaminoglycans on proteoglycans are key players in both molecular and cellular events of inflammation. They participate in leukocyte rolling along the endothelial surface of inflamed sites; chemokine regulation and its consequential functions in leukocyte guidance, migration and activation; leukocyte transendothelial migration; and structural assembly of the subendothelial basement membrane responsible to control tissue entry of cells. Due to these and other functions, exogenous sulfated glycans of various structures and origins can be used to interventionally down-regulate inflammation processes. In this review article, discussion is given primarily on the anti-inflammatory functions of mammalian heparins, heparan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate and related compounds as well as the holothurian fucosylated chondroitin sulfate and the brown algal fucoidans. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of action of these sulfated glycans in inflammation, helps research programs involved in developing new carbohydrate-based drugs aimed to combat acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H Pomin
- Program of Glycobiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, and University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-913, Brazil.
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34
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Pomin VH. Biological findings from the recent NMR-based studies of glycosaminoglycan-protein interactions. Glycobiology 2014; 24:991-1003. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwu065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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