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Sun X, He Z, Yang L, Wu H, Li H. Quantitative proteomic analysis to identify potential biomarkers linked to quality traits of beef tripe from different sources. Food Chem 2024; 449:139224. [PMID: 38599111 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the 4D data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative strategy was used for differential proteomic analysis of four beef tripe samples from different sources to explore the associations between differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and meat quality traits. A total of 68 shared DEPs were identified in all comparison groups, which were mainly involved in phosphorylation signaling pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, and glucuronic acid pathway. In the correlation analysis between DEPs and quality traits of beef tripe, it was found that 21 proteins were significantly associated with the quality traits in beef tripe, which could be considered as the potential biomarkers of beef tripe quality. This study has successfully uncovered the protein composition of beef tripe for the very first time, which helps to understand the key proteins and biological processes associated with the quality traits of beef tripe from different sources and improve the quality control of beef tripe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Sun
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhifei He
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Han Wu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Regional Food, No.2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing 400715, China.
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2
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Liu H, Tan R, Tong J, Wen S, Wu C, Rao M, Zhu J, Qi S, Kong E. Palmitoylation is required for Sept8-204 and Sept5 to form vesicle-like structure and colocalize with synaptophysin. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30529. [PMID: 38308620 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Sept8 is a vesicle associated protein and there are two typical transcriptional variants (Sept8-204 and Sept8-201) expressed in mice brain. Interestingly, the coexpression of Sept8-204/Sept5 induces the formation of small sized vesicle-like structure, while that of the Sept8-201/Sept5 produces large puncta. Sept8 is previously shown to be palmitoylated. Here it was further revealed that protein palmitoylation is required for Sept8-204/Sept5 to maintain small sized vesicle-like structure and colocalize with synaptophysin, since either the expression of nonpalmitoylated Sept8-204 mutant (Sept8-204-3CA) or inhibiting Sept8-204 palmitoylation by 2-BP with Sept5 produces large puncta, which barely colocalizes with synaptophysin (SYP). Moreover, it was shown that the dynamic palmitoylation of Sept8-204 is controlled by ZDHHC17 and PPT1, loss of ZDHHC17 decreases Sept8-204 palmitoylation and induces large puncta, while loss of PPT1 increases Sept8-204 palmitoylation and induces small sized vesicle-like structure. Together, these findings suggest that palmitoylation is essential for the maintenance of the small sized vesicle-like structure for Sept8-204/Sept5, and may hint their important roles in synaptic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huicong Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Rong Tan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jia Tong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuo Wen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Can Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Muding Rao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiangli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqian Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Eryan Kong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Protein Palmitoylation and Major Human Diseases, Henan Health Commission Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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3
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Blua F, Monge C, Gastaldi S, Clemente N, Pizzimenti S, Lazzarato L, Senetta R, Vittorio S, Gigliotti CL, Boggio E, Dianzani U, Vistoli G, Altomare AA, Aldini G, Dianzani C, Marini E, Bertinaria M. Discovery of a septin-4 covalent binder with antimetastatic activity in a mouse model of melanoma. Bioorg Chem 2024; 144:107164. [PMID: 38306824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer spreading through metastatic processes is one of the major causes of tumour-related mortality. Metastasis is a complex phenomenon which involves multiple pathways ranging from cell metabolic alterations to changes in the biophysical phenotype of cells and tissues. In the search for new effective anti-metastatic agents, we modulated the chemical structure of the lead compound AA6, in order to find the structural determinants of activity, and to identify the cellular target responsible of the downstream anti-metastatic effects observed. New compounds synthesized were able to inhibit in vitro B16-F10 melanoma cell invasiveness, and one selected compound, CM365, showed in vivo anti-metastatic effects in a lung metastasis mouse model of melanoma. Septin-4 was identified as the most likely molecular target responsible for these effects. This study showed that CM365 is a promising molecule for metastasis prevention, remarkably effective alone or co-administered with drugs normally used in cancer therapy, such as paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Blua
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Monge
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Simone Gastaldi
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Nausicaa Clemente
- Settore Centri di Ricerca e Infrastrutture di Ateneo e Laboratori - Polo di NO, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Pizzimenti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Science, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rebecca Senetta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Vittorio
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Elena Boggio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Dianzani
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
| | - Massimo Bertinaria
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Marques da Silva R, Christe Dos Reis Saladino G, Antonio Leonardo D, D'Muniz Pereira H, Andréa Sculaccio S, Paula Ulian Araujo A, Charles Garratt R. A key piece of the puzzle: The central tetramer of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae septin protofilament and its implications for self-assembly. J Struct Biol 2023; 215:107983. [PMID: 37315820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2023.107983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Septins, often described as the fourth component of the cytoskeleton, are structural proteins found in a vast variety of living beings. They are related to small GTPases and thus, generally, present GTPase activity which may play an important (although incompletely understood) role in their organization and function. Septins polymerize into long non-polar filaments, in which each subunit interacts with two others by alternating interfaces, NC and G. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae four septins are organized in the following manner, [Cdc11-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc10-Cdc10-Cdc3-Cdc12-Cdc11]n in order to form filaments. Although septins were originally discovered in yeast and much is known regarding their biochemistry and function, only limited structural information about them is currently available. Here we present crystal structures of Cdc3/Cdc10 which provide the first view of the physiological interfaces formed by yeast septins. The G-interface has properties which place it in between that formed by SEPT2/SEPT6 and SEPT7/SEPT3 in human filaments. Switch I from Cdc10 contributes significantly to the interface, whereas in Cdc3 it is largely disorded. However, the significant negative charge density of the latter suggests it may have a unique role. At the NC-interface, we describe an elegant means by which the sidechain of a glutamine from helix α0 imitates a peptide group in order to retain hydrogen-bond continuity at the kink between helices α5 and α6 in the neighbouring subunit, thereby justifying the conservation of the helical distortion. Its absence from Cdc11, along with this structure's other unusual features are critically discussed by comparison with Cdc3 and Cdc10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Marques da Silva
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Antonio Leonardo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Humberto D'Muniz Pereira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Susana Andréa Sculaccio
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ulian Araujo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Richard Charles Garratt
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida João Dagnone 1100, São Carlos, SP 13563-723, Brazil.
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5
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Cai T, Peng J, Omrane M, Benzoubir N, Samuel D, Gassama-Diagne A. Septin 9 Orients the Apico-Basal Polarity Axis and Controls Plasticity Signals. Cells 2023; 12:1815. [PMID: 37508480 PMCID: PMC10377970 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton is a master organizer of the cellular cortex and membrane trafficking and therefore plays a crucial role in apico-basal polarity. Septins form a family of GTPases that assemble into non-polar filaments, which bind to membranes and recruit cytoskeletal elements such as microtubules and actin using their polybasic (PB) domains, to perform their broad biological functions. Nevertheless, the role of septins and the significance of their membrane-binding ability in apico-basal polarity remains under-investigated. Here, using 3D cultures, we demonstrated that septin 9 localizes to the basolateral membrane (BM). Its depletion induces an inverted polarity phenotype, decreasing β-catenin at BM and increasing transforming growth factor (TGFβ) and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) markers. Similar effects were observed after deleting its two PB domains. The mutant became cytoplasmic and apical. The cysts with an inverted polarity phenotype displayed an invasive phenotype, with src and cortactin accumulating at the peripheral membrane. The inhibition of TGFβ-receptor and RhoA rescued the polarized phenotype, although the cysts from overexpressed septin 9 overgrew and presented a filled lumen. Both phenotypes corresponded to tumor features. This suggests that septin 9 expression, along with its assembly through the two PB domains, is essential for establishing and maintaining apico-basal polarity against tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cai
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Juan Peng
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Mohyeddine Omrane
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Nassima Benzoubir
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Didier Samuel
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hepato-Biliaire, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Ama Gassama-Diagne
- Unité 1193 INSERM, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, UMR-S 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France
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6
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Gorry RL, Brennan K, Lavin PTM, Mazurski T, Mary C, Matallanas D, Guichou JF, Mc Gee MM. Cyclophilin A Isomerisation of Septin 2 Mediates Abscission during Cytokinesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11084. [PMID: 37446263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The isomerase activity of Cyclophilin A is important for midbody abscission during cell division, however, to date, midbody substrates remain unknown. In this study, we report that the GTP-binding protein Septin 2 interacts with Cyclophilin A. We highlight a dynamic series of Septin 2 phenotypes at the midbody, previously undescribed in human cells. Furthermore, Cyclophilin A depletion or loss of isomerase activity is sufficient to induce phenotypic Septin 2 defects at the midbody. Structural and molecular analysis reveals that Septin 2 proline 259 is important for interaction with Cyclophilin A. Moreover, an isomerisation-deficient EGFP-Septin 2 proline 259 mutant displays defective midbody localisation and undergoes impaired abscission, which is consistent with data from cells with loss of Cyclophilin A expression or activity. Collectively, these data reveal Septin 2 as a novel interacting partner and isomerase substrate of Cyclophilin A at the midbody that is required for abscission during cytokinesis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Gorry
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kieran Brennan
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul T M Lavin
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tayler Mazurski
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Charline Mary
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - David Matallanas
- Systems Biology Ireland (SBI), School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jean-François Guichou
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Margaret M Mc Gee
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science (SBBS), Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
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7
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Qu Y, Wang W, Xiao MZX, Zheng Y, Liang Q. The interplay between lipid droplets and virus infection. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28967. [PMID: 37496184 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
As an intracellular parasite, the virus usurps cellular machinery and modulates cellular metabolism pathways to replicate itself in cells. Lipid droplets (LDs) are universally conserved energy storage organelles that not only play vital roles in maintaining lipid homeostasis but are also involved in viral replication. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that viruses take advantage of cellular lipid metabolism by targeting the biogenesis, hydrolysis, and lipophagy of LD during viral infection. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about the modulation of cellular LD by different viruses, with a special emphasis on the Hepatitis C virus, Dengue virus, and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Qu
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Wang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Maggie Z X Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuejuan Zheng
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Immunology Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiming Liang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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Ríos-Valencia DG, Ambrosio J, Tirado-Mendoza R, Carrero JC, Laclette JP. What about the Cytoskeletal and Related Proteins of Tapeworms in the Host's Immune Response? An Integrative Overview. Pathogens 2023; 12:840. [PMID: 37375530 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have increased our understanding of the molecular machinery in the cytoskeleton of mammalian cells, in contrast to the case of tapeworm parasites, where cytoskeleton remains poorly characterized. The pertinence of a better knowledge of the tapeworm cytoskeleton is linked to the medical importance of these parasitic diseases in humans and animal stock. Moreover, its study could offer new possibilities for the development of more effective anti-parasitic drugs, as well as better strategies for their surveillance, prevention, and control. In the present review, we compile the results of recent experiments on the cytoskeleton of these parasites and analyze how these novel findings might trigger the development of new drugs or the redesign of those currently used in addition to supporting their use as biomarkers in cutting-edge diagnostic tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana G Ríos-Valencia
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Javier Ambrosio
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Rocío Tirado-Mendoza
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Julio César Carrero
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Pedro Laclette
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Research Institute, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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9
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Park K, Leroux MR. Composition, organization and mechanisms of the transition zone, a gate for the cilium. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55420. [PMID: 36408840 PMCID: PMC9724682 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cilium evolved to provide the ancestral eukaryote with the ability to move and sense its environment. Acquiring these functions required the compartmentalization of a dynein-based motility apparatus and signaling proteins within a discrete subcellular organelle contiguous with the cytosol. Here, we explore the potential molecular mechanisms for how the proximal-most region of the cilium, termed transition zone (TZ), acts as a diffusion barrier for both membrane and soluble proteins and helps to ensure ciliary autonomy and homeostasis. These include a unique complement and spatial organization of proteins that span from the microtubule-based axoneme to the ciliary membrane; a protein picket fence; a specialized lipid microdomain; differential membrane curvature and thickness; and lastly, a size-selective molecular sieve. In addition, the TZ must be permissive for, and functionally integrates with, ciliary trafficking systems (including intraflagellar transport) that cross the barrier and make the ciliary compartment dynamic. The quest to understand the TZ continues and promises to not only illuminate essential aspects of human cell signaling, physiology, and development, but also to unravel how TZ dysfunction contributes to ciliopathies that affect multiple organ systems, including eyes, kidney, and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangjin Park
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistrySimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and DiseaseSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
- Present address:
Terry Fox LaboratoryBC CancerVancouverBCCanada
- Present address:
Department of Medical GeneticsUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Michel R Leroux
- Department of Molecular Biology and BiochemistrySimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and DiseaseSimon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBCCanada
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10
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Hinson SR, Honorat JA, Grund EM, Clarkson BD, Miske R, Scharf M, Zivelonghi C, Al-Lozi MT, Bucelli RC, Budhram A, Cho T, Choi E, Grell J, Lopez-Chiriboga AS, Levin M, Merati M, Montalvo M, Pittock SJ, Wilson MR, Howe CL, McKeon A. Septin-5 and -7-IgGs: Neurologic, Serologic, and Pathophysiologic Characteristics. Ann Neurol 2022; 92:1090-1101. [PMID: 36053822 PMCID: PMC9672904 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We sought to determine clinical significance of neuronal septin autoimmunity and evaluate for potential IgG effects. METHODS Septin-IgGs were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAs; mouse tissue and cell based) or Western blot. IgG binding to (and internalization of) extracellular septin epitopes were evaluated for by live rat hippocampal neuron assay. The impact of purified patient IgGs on murine cortical neuron function was determined by recording extracellular field potentials in a multielectrode array platform. RESULTS Septin-IgGs were identified in 23 patients. All 8 patients with septin-5-IgG detected had cerebellar ataxia, and 7 had prominent eye movement disorders. One of 2 patients with co-existing septin-7-IgG had additional psychiatric phenotype (apathy, emotional blunting, and poor insight). Fifteen patients had septin-7 autoimmunity, without septin-5-IgG detected. Disorders included encephalopathy (11; 2 patients with accompanying myelopathy, and 2 were relapsing), myelopathy (3), and episodic ataxia (1). Psychiatric symptoms (≥1 of agitation, apathy, catatonia, disorganized thinking, and paranoia) were prominent in 6 of 11 patients with encephalopathic symptoms. Eight of 10 patients with data available (from 23 total) improved after immunotherapy, and a further 2 patients improved spontaneously. Staining of plasma membranes of live hippocampal neurons produced by patient IgGs (subclasses 1 and 2) colocalized with pre- and post-synaptic markers. Decreased spiking and bursting behavior in mixed cultures of murine glutamatergic and GABAergic cortical neurons produced by patient IgGs were attributable to neither antigenic crosslinking and internalization nor complement activation. INTERPRETATION Septin-IgGs are predictive of distinct treatment-responsive autoimmune central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Live neuron binding and induced electrophysiologic effects by patient IgGs may support septin-specific pathophysiology. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:1090-1101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon R. Hinson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Josephe A. Honorat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ethan M. Grund
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,
USA
| | | | - Ramona Miske
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to
EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Madeleine Scharf
- Institute for Experimental Immunology, affiliated to
EUROIMMUN Medizinische Labordiagnostika, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Cecilia Zivelonghi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Adrian Budhram
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,
USA
| | - Tracey Cho
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa,
USA
| | - Ellie Choi
- Overlake Hospital, Bellevue, Washington, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Grell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Marc Levin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation,
Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Melody Merati
- Department of Neurology, Michigan State University,
Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Mayra Montalvo
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,
USA
| | - Sean J. Pittock
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,
USA
| | - Michael R. Wilson
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of
Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | | | - Andrew McKeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo
Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN,
USA
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11
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Chen L, Ouyang Y, Gu L, Guo J, Han Z, Wang Z, Hou Y, Schatten H, Sun Q. Septin 9 controls CCNB1 stabilization via APC/C CDC20 during meiotic metaphase I/anaphase I transition in mouse oocytes. Cell Prolif 2022; 56:e13359. [PMID: 36354207 PMCID: PMC9890537 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) and its cofactors CDH1 and CDC20 regulate the accumulation/degradation of CCNB1 during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Generally, the CCNB1 degradation mediated by APC/CCDC20 activity is essential for the transition from metaphase to anaphase. Here, by using siRNA and mRNA microinjection, as well as time-lapse live imaging, we showed that Septin 9, which mediates the binding of septins to microtubules, is critical for oocyte meiotic cell cycle progression. The oocytes were arrested at the MI stage and the connection between chromosome kinetochores and spindle microtubules was disrupted after Septin 9 depletion. As it is well known that spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is an important regulator of the MI-AI transition, we thus detected the SAC activity and the expression of CDC20 and CCNB1 which were the downstream proteins of SAC during this critical period. The signals of Mad1 and BubR1 still remained on the kinetochores of chromosomes in Septin 9 siRNA oocytes at 9.5 h of in vitro culture when most control oocytes entered anaphase I. The expression of CCNB1 did not decrease and the expression of CDC20 did not increase at 9.5 h in Septin 9 siRNA oocytes. Microinjection of mRNA encoding Septin 9 or CDC20 could partially rescue MI arrest caused by Septin 9 siRNA. These results suggest that Septin 9 is required for meiotic MI-AI transition by regulating the kinetochore-microtubule connection and SAC protein localization on kinetochores, whose effects are transmitted to APC/CCDC20 activity and CCNB1 degradation in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Ying‐Chun Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lin‐Jian Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jia‐Ni Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhi‐Ming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhen‐Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina,University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Heide Schatten
- Department of Veterinary PathobiologyUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Qing‐Yuan Sun
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Guangdong‐Hong Kong Metabolism & Reproduction Joint LaboratoryReproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General HospitalGuangzhouChina
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12
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Griffiths G, Gruenberg J, Marsh M, Wohlmann J, Jones AT, Parton RG. Nanoparticle entry into cells; the cell biology weak link. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114403. [PMID: 35777667 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are attractive options for the therapeutic delivery of active pharmaceutical drugs, proteins and nucleic acids into cells, tissues and organs. Research into the development and application of NP most often starts with a diverse group of scientists, including chemists, bioengineers and material and pharmaceutical scientists, who design, fabricate and characterize NP in vitro (Stage 1). The next step (Stage 2) generally investigates cell toxicity as well as the processes by which NP bind, are internalized and deliver their cargo to appropriate model tissue culture cells. Subsequently, in Stage 3, selected NP are tested in animal systems, mostly mouse. Whereas the chemistry-based development and analysis in Stage 1 is increasingly sophisticated, the investigations in Stage 2 are not what could be regarded as 'state-of-the-art' for the cell biology field and the quality of research into NP interactions with cells is often sub-standard. In this review we describe our current understanding of the mechanisms by which particles gain entry into mammalian cells via endocytosis. We summarize the most important areas for concern, highlight some of the most common mis-conceptions, and identify areas where NP scientists could engage with trained cell biologists. Our survey of the different mechanisms of uptake into cells makes us suspect that claims for roles for caveolae, as well as macropinocytosis, in NP uptake into cells have been exaggerated, whereas phagocytosis has been under-appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Griffiths
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Mark Marsh
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jens Wohlmann
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff, Wales CF103NB, UK
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
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13
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Noncanonical PDK4 action alters mitochondrial dynamics to affect the cellular respiratory status. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120157119. [PMID: 35969774 PMCID: PMC9407676 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120157119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic regulation of mitochondrial morphology provides cells with the flexibility required to adapt and respond to electron transport chain (ETC) toxins and mitochondrial DNA-linked disease mutations, yet the mechanisms underpinning the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics machinery by these stimuli is poorly understood. Here, we show that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is genetically required for cells to undergo rapid mitochondrial fragmentation when challenged with ETC toxins. Moreover, PDK4 overexpression was sufficient to promote mitochondrial fission even in the absence of mitochondrial stress. Importantly, we observed that the PDK4-mediated regulation of mitochondrial fission was independent of its canonical function, i.e., inhibitory phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Phosphoproteomic screen for PDK4 substrates, followed by nonphosphorylatable and phosphomimetic mutations of the PDK4 site revealed cytoplasmic GTPase, Septin 2 (SEPT2), as the key effector molecule that acts as a receptor for DRP1 in the outer mitochondrial membrane to promote mitochondrial fission. Conversely, inhibition of the PDK4-SEPT2 axis could restore the balance in mitochondrial dynamics and reinvigorates cellular respiration in mitochondrial fusion factor, mitofusin 2-deficient cells. Furthermore, PDK4-mediated mitochondrial reshaping limits mitochondrial bioenergetics and supports cancer cell growth. Our results identify the PDK4-SEPT2-DRP1 axis as a regulator of mitochondrial function at the interface between cellular bioenergetics and mitochondrial dynamics.
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14
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Neuronal-specific septin-3 binds Atg8/LC3B, accumulates and localizes to autophagosomes during induced autophagy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:471. [PMID: 35932293 PMCID: PMC9356936 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04488-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In synapses that show signs of local apoptosis and mitochondrial stress and undergo neuro-immunological synapse pruning, an increase in the levels of the presynaptic protein, neuronal-specific septin-3 can be observed. Septin-3 is a member of the septin GTPase family with the ability to form multimers and contribute to the cytoskeleton. However, the function of septin-3 remains elusive. Here, we provide evidence that septin-3 is capable of binding the most-studied autophagy protein Atg8 homolog microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B), besides another homolog, GABA receptor-associated protein-like 2 (GABARAPL2). Moreover, we demonstrate that colocalization of septin-3 and LC3B increases upon chemical autophagy induction in primary neuronal cells. Septin-3 is accumulated in primary neurons upon autophagy enhancement or blockade, similar to autophagy proteins. Using electron microscopy, we also show that septin-3 localizes to LC3B positive membranes and can be found at mitochondria. However, colocalization results of septin-3 and the early mitophagy marker PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) do not support that binding of septin-3 to mitochondria is mitophagy related. We conclude that septin-3 correlates with synaptic/neuronal autophagy, binds Atg8 and localizes to autophagic membranes that can be enhanced with chemical autophagy induction. Based on our results, elevated septin-3 levels might indicate enhanced or impeded autophagy in neurons.
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15
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Gönczi M, Ráduly Z, Szabó L, Fodor J, Telek A, Dobrosi N, Balogh N, Szentesi P, Kis G, Antal M, Trencsenyi G, Dienes B, Csernoch L. Septin7 is indispensable for proper skeletal muscle architecture and function. eLife 2022; 11:e75863. [PMID: 35929607 PMCID: PMC9355566 DOI: 10.7554/elife.75863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Today septins are considered as the fourth component of the cytoskeleton, with the Septin7 isoform playing a critical role in the formation of higher-order structures. While its importance has already been confirmed in several intracellular processes of different organs, very little is known about its role in skeletal muscle. Here, using Septin7 conditional knockdown (KD) mouse model, the C2C12 cell line, and enzymatically isolated adult muscle fibers, the organization and localization of septin filaments are revealed, and an ontogenesis-dependent expression of Septin7 is demonstrated. KD mice displayed a characteristic hunchback phenotype with skeletal deformities, reduction in in vivo and in vitro force generation, and disorganized mitochondrial networks. Furthermore, knockout of Septin7 in C2C12 cells resulted in complete loss of cell division while KD cells provided evidence that Septin7 is essential for proper myotube differentiation. These and the transient increase in Septin7 expression following muscle injury suggest that it may be involved in muscle regeneration and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Gönczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Zsolt Ráduly
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - László Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - János Fodor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Andrea Telek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Nóra Dobrosi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Norbert Balogh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
- Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Péter Szentesi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Gréta Kis
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Miklós Antal
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - György Trencsenyi
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Translational Imaging, Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - Beatrix Dienes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary
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16
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Septin 9 and phosphoinositides regulate lysosome localization and their association with lipid droplets. iScience 2022; 25:104288. [PMID: 35573204 PMCID: PMC9097704 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) in the liver is a hallmark of steatosis, which is often associated with lysosomal dysfunction. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, using Huh7 cells loaded with oleate as a model to study LD metabolism, we show that cellular content and distribution of LDs are correlated with those of the lysosome and regulated by oleate and septin 9. High expression of septin 9 promotes perinuclear clustering of lysosomes which co-localized with Golgi and not with their surrounding LDs. On the other hand, knockdown of septin 9 disperses the two organelles which colocalize at the cell periphery. The Rab7 is present around these peripheral LDs. PtdIns5P which binds septin 9 and MTMR3 which converts PtdIns(3,5)P2 into PtdIns(5) recapitulates the effects of septin 9. By contrast, PtdIns(3,5)P2 promotes LD/lysosome co-localization. Overall, our data reveal a phosphoinositide/septin 9-dependent mechanism that regulates LD behavior through the control of their association with lysosomes. Septin 9 is regulates oleate-induced lysosome perinuclear clustering Septin 9 and MTs regulate oleate-induced lysosome co-localization with Golgi LDs with high septin 9 have less interaction with Rab7 and LAMP1 PIs have specific effects on LD and lysosome
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17
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Role of the anillin-like protein in growth of Cryptococcus neoformans at human host temperature. Fungal Genet Biol 2022; 160:103697. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fgb.2022.103697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Romanova N, Schelletter L, Hoffrogge R, Noll T. Hyperosmolality in CHO cell culture: effects on the proteome. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:2569-2586. [PMID: 35312825 PMCID: PMC8990941 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11861-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most commonly used host cell lines for therapeutic protein production. Exposure of these cells to highly concentrated feed solution during fed-batch cultivation can lead to a non-physiological increase in osmolality (> 300 mOsm/kg) that affects cell physiology, morphology, and proteome. As addressed in previous studies (and indeed, as recently addressed in our research), hyperosmolalities of up to 545 mOsm/kg force cells to abort proliferation and gradually increase their volume—almost tripling it. At the same time, CHO cells also show a significant hyperosmolality-dependent increase in mitochondrial activity. To gain deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms that are involved in these processes, as detailed in this paper, we performed a comparative quantitative label-free proteome study of hyperosmolality-exposed CHO cells compared with control cells. Our analysis revealed differentially expressed key proteins that mediate mitochondrial activation, oxidative stress amelioration, and cell cycle progression. Our studies also demonstrate a previously unknown effect: the strong regulation of proteins can alter both cell membrane stiffness and permeability. For example, we observed that three types of septins (filamentous proteins that form diffusion barriers in the cell) became strongly up-regulated in response to hyperosmolality in the experimental setup. Overall, these new observations correlate well with recent CHO-based fluxome and transcriptome studies, and reveal additional unknown proteins involved in the response to hyperosmotic pressure by over-concentrated feed in mammalian cells. Key points • First-time comparative proteome analysis of CHO cells exposed to over-concentrated feed. • Discovery of membrane barrier-forming proteins up-regulation under hyperosmolality. • Description of mitochondrial and protein chaperones activation in treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiya Romanova
- Cell Culture Technology, Technical Faculty, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Louise Schelletter
- Cell Culture Technology, Technical Faculty, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Raimund Hoffrogge
- Cell Culture Technology, Technical Faculty, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thomas Noll
- Cell Culture Technology, Technical Faculty, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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19
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Kumari A, Ghosh A, Kolay S, Raghu P. Septins tune lipid kinase activity and PI(4,5)P 2 turnover during G-protein–coupled PLC signalling in vivo. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/6/e202101293. [PMID: 35277468 PMCID: PMC8921834 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] hydrolysis by phospholipase C (PLC) is a conserved mechanism of signalling. Given the low abundance of PI(4,5)P2, its hydrolysis needs to be coupled to resynthesis to ensure continued PLC activity; however, the mechanism by which depletion is coupled to resynthesis remains unknown. PI(4,5)P2 synthesis is catalyzed by the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate (PI4P) by phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate 5 kinase (PIP5K). In Drosophila photoreceptors, photon absorption is transduced into PLC activity and during this process, PI(4,5)P2 is resynthesized by a PIP5K. However, the mechanism by which PIP5K activity is coupled to PI(4,5)P2 hydrolysis is unknown. In this study, we identify a unique isoform dPIP5KL, that is both necessary and sufficient to mediate PI(4,5)P2 synthesis during phototransduction. Depletion of PNUT, a non-redundant subunit of the septin family, enhances dPIP5KL activity in vitro and PI(4,5)P2 resynthesis in vivo; co-depletion of dPIP5KL reverses the enhanced rate of PI(4,5)P2 resynthesis in vivo. Thus, our work defines a septin-mediated mechanism through which PIP5K activity is coupled to PLC-mediated PI(4,5)P2 hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Kumari
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR-GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India
| | - Avishek Ghosh
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR-GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Surgery, Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sourav Kolay
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR-GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Padinjat Raghu
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR-GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India
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20
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Zheng S, Zheng B, Liu Z, Ma X, Liu X, Yao X, Wei W, Fu C. The Cdc42 GTPase activating protein Rga6 promotes the cortical localization of Septin. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274388. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are a family of filament-forming GTP-binding proteins that regulate fundamental cellular activities such as cytokinesis and cell polarity. In general, Septin filaments function as barriers and scaffolds on the cell cortex. However, little is known about the mechanism that governs the recruitment and localization of the Septin complex to the cell cortex. Here, we identified the Cdc42 GTPase activating protein Rga6 as a key protein involved in promoting the localization of the Septin complex to the cell cortex in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Rga6 interacts with the Septin complex and partially colocalizes with the Septin complex on the cell cortex. Live-cell microscopic analysis further showed Septin enrichment at the cortical regions adjacent to the growing cell tip. The Septin enrichment likely plays a crucial role in confining active Cdc42 to the growing cell tip. Hence, our findings support a model that Rga6 regulates polarized cell growth partly through promoting targeted localization of the Septin complex on the cell cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Biyu Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Zhenbang Liu
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Ma
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Xuebiao Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Wenfan Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Chuanhai Fu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230027 Hefei, P.R. China
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21
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Neubauer K, Zieger B. Role of Septins in Endothelial Cells and Platelets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:768409. [PMID: 34858990 PMCID: PMC8632023 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.768409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are conserved cytoskeletal GTP-binding proteins identified in almost all eukaryotes except higher plants. Mammalian septins comprise 13 family members with either ubiquitous or organ- and tissue-specific expression patterns. They form filamentous oligomers and complexes with other proteins to serve as diffusions barrier and/or multi-molecular scaffolds to function in a physiologically regulated manner. Diverse septins are highly expressed in endothelial cells and platelets, which play an important role in hemostasis, a process to prevent blood loss after vascular injury. Endothelial septins are involved in cellular processes such as exocytosis and in processes concerning organismal level, like angiogenesis. Septins are additionally found in endothelial cell-cell junctions where their presence is required to maintain the integrity of the barrier function of vascular endothelial monolayers. In platelets, septins are important for activation, degranulation, adhesion, and aggregation. They have been identified as mediators of distinct platelet functions and being essential in primary and secondary hemostatic processes. Septin-knockout mouse studies show the relevance of septins in several aspects of hemostasis. This is in line with reports that dysregulation of septins is clinically relevant in human bleeding disorders. The precise function of septins in the biology of endothelial cells and platelets remains poorly understood. The following mini-review highlights the current knowledge about the role of septin cytoskeleton in regulating critical functions in these two cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Neubauer
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Zieger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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22
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Kuzmić M, Linares GC, Fialová JL, Iv F, Salaün D, Llewellyn A, Gomes M, Belhabib M, Liu Y, Asano K, Rodrigues M, Isnardon D, Tachibana T, Koenderink GH, Badache A, Mavrakis M, Verdier-Pinard P. Septin-microtubule association via a motif unique to the isoform 1 of septin 9 tunes stress fibers. J Cell Sci 2021; 135:273936. [PMID: 34854883 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins, a family of GTP-binding proteins assembling into higher order structures, interface with the membrane, actin filaments and microtubules, which positions them as important regulators of cytoarchitecture. Septin 9 (SEPT9), which is frequently overexpressed in tumors and mutated in hereditary neuralgic amyotrophy (HNA), mediates the binding of septins to microtubules, but the molecular determinants of this interaction remained uncertain. We demonstrate that a short MAP-like motif unique to SEPT9 isoform 1 (SEPT9_i1) drives septin octamer-microtubule interaction in cells and in vitro reconstitutions. Septin-microtubule association requires polymerizable septin octamers harboring SEPT9_i1. Although outside of the MAP-like motif, HNA mutations abrogates this association, identifying a putative regulatory domain. Removal of this domain from SEPT9_i1 sequesters septins on microtubules, promotes microtubule stability and alters actomyosin fiber distribution and tension. Thus, we identify key molecular determinants and potential regulatory roles of septin-microtubule interaction, paving the way to deciphering the mechanisms underlying septin-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Kuzmić
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Gerard Castro Linares
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jindřiška Leischner Fialová
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France.,Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - François Iv
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Danièle Salaün
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Alex Llewellyn
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Gomes
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Mayssa Belhabib
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Yuxiang Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Asano
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Magda Rodrigues
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Isnardon
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Taro Tachibana
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.,Cell Engineering Corporation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ali Badache
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Manos Mavrakis
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Verdier-Pinard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
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23
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Barreiro-Alonso A, Lamas-Maceiras M, Lorenzo-Catoira L, Pardo M, Yu L, Choudhary JS, Cerdán ME. HMGB1 Protein Interactions in Prostate and Ovary Cancer Models Reveal Links to RNA Processing and Ribosome Biogenesis through NuRD, THOC and Septin Complexes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184686. [PMID: 34572914 PMCID: PMC8466577 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HMGB1 over-expression is associated to prostate and ovary cancers: in this work, using a proteomic approach, we aimed to discover new protein interactions that might contribute to understand the oncogenic function of HMGB1 in cancers models. Our findings show that HMGB1 interacts with components of the NuRD, THOC and septin complexes, revealing new connections of HMGB1 functions to RNA processing and ribosome biogenesis. Results might contribute to consider the components of these interactomes as targets for diagnosis and therapy in future studies. Abstract This study reports the HMGB1 interactomes in prostate and ovary cancer cells lines. Affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry confirmed that the HMGB1 nuclear interactome is involved in HMGB1 known functions such as maintenance of chromatin stability and regulation of transcription, and also in not as yet reported processes such as mRNA and rRNA processing. We have identified an interaction between HMGB1 and the NuRD complex and validated this by yeast-two-hybrid, confirming that the RBBP7 subunit directly interacts with HMGB1. In addition, we describe for the first time an interaction between two HMGB1 interacting complexes, the septin and THOC complexes, as well as an interaction of these two complexes with Rab11. Analysis of Pan-Cancer Atlas public data indicated that several genes encoding HMGB1-interacting proteins identified in this study are dysregulated in tumours from patients diagnosed with ovary and prostate carcinomas. In PC-3 cells, silencing of HMGB1 leads to downregulation of the expression of key regulators of ribosome biogenesis and RNA processing, namely BOP1, RSS1, UBF1, KRR1 and LYAR. Upregulation of these genes in prostate adenocarcinomas is correlated with worse prognosis, reinforcing their functional significance in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Barreiro-Alonso
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.-A.); (M.E.C.)
| | - Mónica Lamas-Maceiras
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lidia Lorenzo-Catoira
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mercedes Pardo
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
| | - Lu Yu
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
| | - Jyoti S. Choudhary
- Functional Proteomics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW7 3RP, UK; (M.P.); (L.Y.); (J.S.C.)
| | - M. Esperanza Cerdán
- EXPRELA Group, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain; (M.L.-M.); (L.L.-C.)
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Campus de A Zapateira, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15008 A Coruña, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.-A.); (M.E.C.)
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24
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Iv F, Martins CS, Castro-Linares G, Taveneau C, Barbier P, Verdier-Pinard P, Camoin L, Audebert S, Tsai FC, Ramond L, Llewellyn A, Belhabib M, Nakazawa K, Di Cicco A, Vincentelli R, Wenger J, Cabantous S, Koenderink GH, Bertin A, Mavrakis M. Insights into animal septins using recombinant human septin octamers with distinct SEPT9 isoforms. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs258484. [PMID: 34350965 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Septin GTP-binding proteins contribute essential biological functions that range from the establishment of cell polarity to animal tissue morphogenesis. Human septins in cells form hetero-octameric septin complexes containing the ubiquitously expressed SEPT9 subunit (also known as SEPTIN9). Despite the established role of SEPT9 in mammalian development and human pathophysiology, biochemical and biophysical studies have relied on monomeric SEPT9, thus not recapitulating its native assembly into hetero-octameric complexes. We established a protocol that enabled, for the first time, the isolation of recombinant human septin octamers containing distinct SEPT9 isoforms. A combination of biochemical and biophysical assays confirmed the octameric nature of the isolated complexes in solution. Reconstitution studies showed that octamers with either a long or a short SEPT9 isoform form filament assemblies, and can directly bind and cross-link actin filaments, raising the possibility that septin-decorated actin structures in cells reflect direct actin-septin interactions. Recombinant SEPT9-containing octamers will make it possible to design cell-free assays to dissect the complex interactions of septins with cell membranes and the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Iv
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Carla Silva Martins
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Gerard Castro-Linares
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Cyntia Taveneau
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Australia; Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, 3800 Clayton, Australia
| | - Pascale Barbier
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7051, Institut de Neurophysiopathologie (INP), 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pascal Verdier-Pinard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), INSERM, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Luc Camoin
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille Protéomique, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Audebert
- Aix-Marseille Univ, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, CRCM, Marseille Protéomique, Marseille, France
| | - Feng-Ching Tsai
- Department of Living Matter, AMOLF, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laurie Ramond
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Alex Llewellyn
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Mayssa Belhabib
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Koyomi Nakazawa
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Di Cicco
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Renaud Vincentelli
- Architecture et Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB), CNRS UMR7257, Aix Marseille Univ, 13009 Marseille, France
| | - Jerome Wenger
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie Cabantous
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, CNRS, 31037 Toulouse, France
| | - Gijsje H Koenderink
- Department of Bionanoscience, Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Department of Living Matter, AMOLF, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 168, Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Manos Mavrakis
- Institut Fresnel, CNRS UMR7249, Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, 13013 Marseille, France
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25
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Salameh J, Cantaloube I, Benoit B, Poüs C, Baillet A. Cdc42 and its BORG2 and BORG3 effectors control the subcellular localization of septins between actin stress fibers and microtubules. Curr Biol 2021; 31:4088-4103.e5. [PMID: 34329591 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell resistance to taxanes involves several complementary mechanisms, among which septin relocalization from actin stress fibers to microtubules plays an early role. By investigating the molecular mechanism underlying this relocalization, we found that acute paclitaxel treatment triggers the release from stress fibers and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation of binder of Rho GTPases 2 (BORG2)/Cdc42 effector protein 3 (Cdc42EP3) and to a lesser extent of BORG3/Cdc42EP5, two Cdc42 effectors that link septins to actin in interphase cells. BORG2 or BORG3 silencing not only caused septin detachment from stress fibers but also mimicked the effects of paclitaxel by triggering both septin relocalization to microtubules and significant drug resistance. Conversely, BORG2 or BORG3 overexpression retained septins on actin fibers even after paclitaxel treatment, without affecting paclitaxel sensitivity. We found that drug-induced inhibition of Cdc42 resulted in a drop in BORG2 level and in the relocalization of septins to microtubules. Accordingly, although septins relocalized when overexpressing an inactive mutant of Cdc42, the expression of a constitutively active mutant acted locally at actin stress fibers to prevent septin release, even after paclitaxel treatment. These findings reveal the role of Cdc42 upstream of BORG2 and BORG3 in controlling the interplay between septins, actin fibers, and microtubules in basal condition and in response to taxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Salameh
- INSERM UMR-S 1193, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Isabelle Cantaloube
- INSERM UMR-S 1193, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Béatrice Benoit
- INSERM UMR-S 1193, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Christian Poüs
- INSERM UMR-S 1193, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France; Laboratoire de Biochimie-Hormonologie, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, AP-HP, Clamart, France.
| | - Anita Baillet
- INSERM UMR-S 1193, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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26
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Abstract
Septins, a conserved family of GTP-binding proteins, are widely recognized as an essential cytoskeletal component, playing important roles in a variety of biological processes, including division, polarity, and membrane remodeling, in different eukaryotes. Although the roles played by septins were identified in the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, their importance in other fungi, especially pathogenic fungi, have recently been determined. In this review, we summarize the functions of septins in pathogenic fungi in the cell cycle, autophagy, endocytosis and invasion host-microbe interactions that were reported in the last two years in the field of septin cell biology. These new discoveries may be expanded to investigate the functions of septin proteins in fungal pathogenesis and may be of wide interest to the readers of Microbiology and Molecular Pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Zhu Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Maurizio Del Poeta
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, New York, USA
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fu-Cheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Stempinski PR, Zielinski JM, Dbouk NH, Huey ES, McCormack EC, Rubin AM, Chandrasekaran S, Kozubowski L. Genetic contribution to high temperature tolerance in Cryptococcus neoformans. Genetics 2021; 217:1-15. [PMID: 33683363 PMCID: PMC8045695 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyaa009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans relies on a complex signaling network for the adaptation and survival at the host temperature. Protein phosphatase calcineurin is central to proliferation at 37°C but its exact contributions remain ill-defined. To better define genetic contributions to the C. neoformans temperature tolerance, 4031 gene knockouts were screened for genes essential at 37°C and under conditions that keep calcineurin inactive. Identified 83 candidate strains, potentially sensitive to 37°C, were subsequently subject to technologically simple yet robust assay, in which cells are exposed to a temperature gradient. This has resulted in identification of 46 genes contributing to the maximum temperature at which C. neoformans can proliferate (Tmax). The 46 mutants, characterized by a range of Tmax on drug-free media, were further assessed for Tmax under conditions that inhibit calcineurin, which led to identification of several previously uncharacterized knockouts exhibiting synthetic interaction with the inhibition of calcineurin. A mutant that lacked septin Cdc11 was among those with the lowest Tmax and failed to proliferate in the absence of calcineurin activity. To further define connections with calcineurin and the role for septins in high temperature growth, the 46 mutants were tested for cell morphology at 37°C and growth in the presence of agents disrupting cell wall and cell membrane. Mutants sensitive to calcineurin inhibition were tested for synthetic lethal interaction with deletion of the septin-encoding CDC12 and the localization of the septin Cdc3-mCherry. The analysis described here pointed to previously uncharacterized genes that were missed in standard growth assays indicating that the temperature gradient assay is a valuable complementary tool for elucidating the genetic basis of temperature range at which microorganisms proliferate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr R Stempinski
- Department of Genetics & Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center (EPIC), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Jessica M Zielinski
- Department of Genetics & Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center (EPIC), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Nadir H Dbouk
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Huey
- Department of Genetics & Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center (EPIC), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ellen C McCormack
- Department of Genetics & Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center (EPIC), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Alexander M Rubin
- Department of Genetics & Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center (EPIC), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | | | - Lukasz Kozubowski
- Department of Genetics & Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center (EPIC), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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28
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Kim J, Cooper JA. Junctional Localization of Septin 2 Is Required for Organization of Junctional Proteins in Static Endothelial Monolayers. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:346-359. [PMID: 33147991 PMCID: PMC7769918 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Septin 2 is localized at junctions in human microvascular endothelial monolayers. The junctional localization of septin 2 is necessary for organization of cell-cell adhesion proteins of endothelial cells. Approach and Results: Septin 2 was depleted at junctions by suppression of expression using shRNA, treatment with inflammatory cytokine, TNF (tumor necrosis factor)-α, and ectopic overexpression of septin 2 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate binding mutant defect in interaction with plasma membrane. Under those conditions, organizations and expression levels of various junctional proteins were analyzed. Confocal images of immunofluorescence staining showed substantial disorganization of adherens junctional proteins, nectin-2 and afadin, TJP (tight junction protein), ZO (zonula occludens)-1, and intercellular adhesion protein, PECAM-1 (platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1). Immunoblots for those proteins did not show significant changes in expression except for nectin-2 that highly increased in expression. Significant differential gene expression profiles and biological pathway analysis by septin 2 suppression and by TNF-α treatment using RNA-seq showed common overlapping pathways. The commonalities in expression may be consistent with the similar effects on the overall organization of cell-cell adhesion proteins. CONCLUSIONS Localization of septin 2 at cell junctions are required for the arrangement of junctional proteins and the integrity of the barrier formed by endothelial monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kim
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - John A. Cooper
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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29
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Martinez Barrera S, Byrum S, Mackintosh SG, Kozubowski L. Registered report protocol: Quantitative analysis of septin Cdc10-associated proteome in Cryptococcus neoformans. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242381. [PMID: 33315917 PMCID: PMC7735571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic basidiomycetous yeast that primarily infects immunocompromised individuals. C. neoformans can thrive during infections due to its three main virulence-related characteristics: the ability to grow at host temperature (37°C), formation of carbohydrate capsule, and its ability to produce melanin. C. neoformans strains lacking septin proteins Cdc3 or Cdc12 are viable at 25°C; however, they fail to proliferate at 37°C and are avirulent in the murine model of infection. The basis of septin contribution to growth at host temperature remains unknown. Septins are a family of conserved filament-forming GTPases with roles in cytokinesis and morphogenesis. In the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae septins are essential. S. cerevisiae septins form a higher order complex at the mother-bud neck to scaffold over 80 proteins, including those involved in cell wall organization, cell polarity, and cell cycle control. In C. neoformans, septins also form a complex at the mother-bud neck but the septin interacting proteome in this species remains largely unknown. Moreover, it remains possible that septins play other roles important for high temperature stress that are independent of their established role in cytokinesis. Therefore, we propose to perform a global analysis of septin Cdc10 binding partners in C. neoformans, including those that are specific to high temperature stress. This analysis will shed light on the underlying mechanism of survival of this pathogenic yeast during infection and can potentially lead to the discovery of novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephani Martinez Barrera
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - Stephanie Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Samuel G. Mackintosh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Lukasz Kozubowski
- Department of Genetics and Biochemistry, Eukaryotic Pathogens Innovation Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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30
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Soroor F, Kim MS, Palander O, Balachandran Y, Collins RF, Benlekbir S, Rubinstein JL, Trimble WS. Revised subunit order of mammalian septin complexes explains their in vitro polymerization properties. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 32:289-300. [PMID: 33263440 PMCID: PMC8098831 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-06-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Septins are conserved GTP-binding cytoskeletal proteins that polymerize into filaments by end-to-end joining of hetero-oligomeric complexes. In human cells, both hexamers and octamers exist, and crystallography studies predicted the order of the hexamers to be SEPT7-SEPT6-SEPT2-SEPT2-SEPT6-SEPT7, while octamers are thought to have the same core, but with SEPT9 at the ends. However, based on this septin organization, octamers and hexamers would not be expected to copolymerize due to incompatible ends. Here we isolated hexamers and octamers of specific composition from human cells and show that hexamers and octamers polymerize individually and, surprisingly, with each other. Binding of the Borg homology domain 3 (BD3) domain of Borg3 results in distinctive clustering of each filament type. Moreover, we show that the organization of hexameric and octameric complexes is inverted compared with its original prediction. This revised septin organization is congruent with the organization and behavior of yeast septins suggesting that their properties are more conserved than was previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forooz Soroor
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1A8, Canada
| | - Moshe S Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Oliva Palander
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1A8, Canada
| | - Yadu Balachandran
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Richard F Collins
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Samir Benlekbir
- Molecular Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - John L Rubinstein
- Molecular Medicine Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1A8, Canada
| | - William S Trimble
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1A8, Canada
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31
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Zhang W, Liao K, Liu D. MicroRNA‑744‑5p is downregulated in colorectal cancer and targets SEPT2 to suppress the malignant phenotype. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:54. [PMID: 33200802 PMCID: PMC7705998 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)‑744‑5p serves a pivotal role in the progression of multiple cancers; however, the function of miR‑744‑5p in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, the effects of miR‑744‑5p on the progression of CRC were analyzed and the mechanisms involved were investigated. It was revealed that miR‑744‑5p was frequently downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR‑744‑5p significantly inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, and promoted the apoptosis of CRC cells. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Septin 2 (SEPT2) was a potential target of miR‑744‑5p. miR‑744‑5p bound the 3'‑untranslated region (UTR) of SEPT2 and reduced the level of SEPT2 in CRC cells. A negative correlation between the expression of miR‑744‑5p and SEPT2 was observed in CRC tissues. Overexpression of SEPT2 counteracted the suppressive effect of miR‑744‑5p on the proliferation and apoptosis of CRC cells. Collectively, these data demonstrated the functional mechanism of miR‑744‑5p by targeting SEPT2, which suggested miR‑744‑5p as a potential target for the treatment of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Yichun City, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Liao
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Yichun City, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, P.R. China
| | - Dongning Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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32
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Chen TY, Lin TC, Kuo PL, Chen ZR, Cheng HL, Chao YY, Syu JS, Lu FI, Wang CY. Septin 7 is a centrosomal protein that ensures S phase entry and microtubule nucleation by maintaining the abundance of p150 glued. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2706-2724. [PMID: 32869310 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Septins play important roles in regulating development and differentiation. Septin 7 (SEPT7) is a crucial component in orchestrating the septin core complex into highly ordered filamentous structures. Here, we showed that genetic depletion of SEPT7 or treatment with forchlorfenuron (FCF; a compound known to affect septin filament assembly) led to reduced the S phase entry in cell models and zebrafish embryos. In addition to colocalizing with actin filaments, SEPT7 resided in the centrosome, and SEPT7 depletion led to aberrant mitotic spindle pole formation. This mitotic defect was rescued in SEPT7-deficient cells by wild-type SEPT7, suggesting that SEPT7 maintained mitotic spindle poles. In addition, we observed disorganized microtubule nucleation and reduced cell migration with SEPT7 depletion. Furthermore, SEPT7 formed a complex with and maintained the abundance of p150glued , the component of centriole subdistal appendages. Depletion of p150glued resulted in a phenotype reminiscent of SEPT7-deficient cells, and overexpression of p150glued reversed the defective phenotypes. Thus, SEPT7 is a centrosomal protein that maintains proper cell proliferation and microtubule array formation via maintaining the abundance of p150glued .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Lin
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Rong Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Cheng
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ying Chao
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Siang Syu
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-I Lu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yih Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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33
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Castro DKSDV, da Silva SMDO, Pereira HD, Macedo JNA, Leonardo DA, Valadares NF, Kumagai PS, Brandão-Neto J, Araújo APU, Garratt RC. A complete compendium of crystal structures for the human SEPT3 subgroup reveals functional plasticity at a specific septin interface. IUCRJ 2020; 7:462-479. [PMID: 32431830 PMCID: PMC7201284 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252520002973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Human septins 3, 9 and 12 are the only members of a specific subgroup of septins that display several unusual features, including the absence of a C-terminal coiled coil. This particular subgroup (the SEPT3 septins) are present in rod-like octameric protofilaments but are lacking in similar hexameric assemblies, which only contain representatives of the three remaining subgroups. Both hexamers and octamers can self-assemble into mixed filaments by end-to-end association, implying that the SEPT3 septins may facilitate polymerization but not necessarily function. These filaments frequently associate into higher order complexes which associate with biological membranes, triggering a wide range of cellular events. In the present work, a complete compendium of crystal structures for the GTP-binding domains of all of the SEPT3 subgroup members when bound to either GDP or to a GTP analogue is provided. The structures reveal a unique degree of plasticity at one of the filamentous interfaces (dubbed NC). Specifically, structures of the GDP and GTPγS complexes of SEPT9 reveal a squeezing mechanism at the NC interface which would expel a polybasic region from its binding site and render it free to interact with negatively charged membranes. On the other hand, a polyacidic region associated with helix α5', the orientation of which is particular to this subgroup, provides a safe haven for the polybasic region when retracted within the interface. Together, these results suggest a mechanism which couples GTP binding and hydrolysis to membrane association and implies a unique role for the SEPT3 subgroup in this process. These observations can be accounted for by constellations of specific amino-acid residues that are found only in this subgroup and by the absence of the C-terminal coiled coil. Such conclusions can only be reached owing to the completeness of the structural studies presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Karoline Silva do Vale Castro
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos-SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Matos de Oliveira da Silva
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São-carlense 400, São Carlos-SP 13566-590, Brazil
| | - Humberto D’Muniz Pereira
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Joci Neuby Alves Macedo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondonia, Rodovia BR-174, Km 3, Vilhena-RO 76980-000, Brazil
| | - Diego Antonio Leonardo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Napoleão Fonseca Valadares
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Brasília-DF 70910900, Brazil
| | - Patricia Suemy Kumagai
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - José Brandão-Neto
- Diamond Light Source, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Paula Ulian Araújo
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
| | - Richard Charles Garratt
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Joao Dagnone 1100, São Carlos-SP 13563-723, Brazil
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34
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Johnson CR, Steingesser MG, Weems AD, Khan A, Gladfelter A, Bertin A, McMurray MA. Guanidine hydrochloride reactivates an ancient septin hetero-oligomer assembly pathway in budding yeast. eLife 2020; 9:e54355. [PMID: 31990274 PMCID: PMC7056273 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Septin proteins evolved from ancestral GTPases and co-assemble into hetero-oligomers and cytoskeletal filaments. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, five septins comprise two species of hetero-octamers, Cdc11/Shs1-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc10-Cdc10-Cdc3-Cdc12-Cdc11/Shs1. Slow GTPase activity by Cdc12 directs the choice of incorporation of Cdc11 vs Shs1, but many septins, including Cdc3, lack GTPase activity. We serendipitously discovered that guanidine hydrochloride rescues septin function in cdc10 mutants by promoting assembly of non-native Cdc11/Shs1-Cdc12-Cdc3-Cdc3-Cdc12-Cdc11/Shs1 hexamers. We provide evidence that in S. cerevisiae Cdc3 guanidinium occupies the site of a 'missing' Arg side chain found in other fungal species where (i) the Cdc3 subunit is an active GTPase and (ii) Cdc10-less hexamers natively co-exist with octamers. We propose that guanidinium reactivates a latent septin assembly pathway that was suppressed during fungal evolution in order to restrict assembly to octamers. Since homodimerization by a GTPase-active human septin also creates hexamers that exclude Cdc10-like central subunits, our new mechanistic insights likely apply throughout phylogeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Johnson
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Marc G Steingesser
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Andrew D Weems
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Anum Khan
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Amy Gladfelter
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillUnited States
| | - Aurélie Bertin
- Laboratoire Physico Chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 168ParisFrance
- Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Michael A McMurray
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
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35
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Gönczi M, Dienes B, Dobrosi N, Fodor J, Balogh N, Oláh T, Csernoch L. Septins, a cytoskeletal protein family, with emerging role in striated muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2020; 42:251-265. [PMID: 31955380 PMCID: PMC8332580 DOI: 10.1007/s10974-020-09573-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate organization of cytoskeletal components are required for normal distribution and intracellular localization of different ion channels and proteins involved in calcium homeostasis, signal transduction, and contractile function of striated muscle. Proteins of the contractile system are in direct or indirect connection with the extrasarcomeric cytoskeleton. A number of other molecules which have essential role in regulating stretch-, voltage-, and chemical signal transduction from the surface into the cytoplasm or other intracellular compartments are already well characterized. Sarcomere, the basic contractile unit, is comprised of a precisely organized system of thin (actin), and thick (myosin) filaments. Intermediate filaments connect the sarcomeres and other organelles (mitochondria and nucleus), and are responsible for the cellular integrity. Interacting proteins have a very diverse function in coupling of the intracellular assembly components and regulating the normal physiological function. Despite the more and more intense investigations of a new cytoskeletal protein family, the septins, only limited information is available regarding their expression and role in striated, especially in skeletal muscles. In this review we collected basic and specified knowledge regarding this protein group and emphasize the importance of this emerging field in skeletal muscle biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónika Gönczi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Beatrix Dienes
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Nóra Dobrosi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - János Fodor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Norbert Balogh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary
| | - Tamás Oláh
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - László Csernoch
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, 4012, Hungary.
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36
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Tugging at the Heart Strings: The Septin Cytoskeleton in Heart Development and Disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7010003. [PMID: 31936541 PMCID: PMC7151155 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Septin genes were originally identified in budding yeast in 1971. Since their original discovery, at least 13 mammalian genes have now been found, which give rise to a vast array of alternatively spliced proteins that display unique spatial-temporal function across organs systems. Septin’s are now recognized as the 4th major component of the cytoskeleton. Their role in regulating ciliogenesis, actin and microtubule organization and their involvement in mechanotransduction clearly solidify their place as both a responder and driver of cellular activity. Although work on septin’s has escalated over the past decades, knowledge of septin function in the heart remains rudimentary. Whereas many cardiovascular diseases have been associated with genetic loci that include septin genes, new and additional concerted efforts will likely uncover previously unrecognized mechanisms by which the septin class of proteins contribute to clinical cardiac phenotypes. In this review, we place known function of septin proteins in the context of heart development and disease and provide perspectives on how increased knowledge of these proteins can mechanistically inform cardiac pathologies.
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37
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Qiu R, Runxiang Q, Geng A, Liu J, Xu CW, Menon MB, Gaestel M, Lu Q. SEPT7 Interacts with KIF20A and Regulates the Proliferative State of Neural Progenitor Cells During Cortical Development. Cereb Cortex 2019; 30:3030-3043. [PMID: 31813992 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are critical for brain development, but how the process is regulated and what components of the cell division machinery is involved are not well understood. Here we report that SEPT7, a cell division regulator originally identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, interacts with KIF20A in the intercellular bridge of dividing NPCs and plays an essential role in maintaining the proliferative state of NPCs during cortical development. Knockdown of SEPT7 in NPCs results in displacement of KIF20A from the midbody and early neuronal differentiation. NPC-specific inducible knockout of Sept7 causes early cell cycle exit, precocious neuronal differentiation, and ventriculomegaly in the cortex, but surprisingly does not lead to noticeable cytokinesis defect. Our data uncover an interaction of SEPT7 and KIF20A during NPC divisions and demonstrate a crucial role of SEPT7 in cell fate determination. In addition, this study presents a functional approach for identifying additional cell fate regulators of the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runxiang Qiu
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Qiu Runxiang
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Anqi Geng
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.,Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiancheng Liu
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - C Wilson Xu
- Balto Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South Pasadena, CA 91030, USA
| | - Manoj B Menon
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany.,Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New-Delhi 110016, India
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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He H, Li J, Xu M, Kan Z, Gao Y, Yuan C. Expression of septin 2 and association with clinicopathological parameters in colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2376-2383. [PMID: 31402940 PMCID: PMC6676678 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Septin 2 (SEPT2) is a tumor-related gene belonging to the SEPT family that affects the cellular processes of hepatoma carcinoma cells, glioblastoma cells and mesangial cells and is highly expressed in breast cancer, biliary tract cancer and acute myeloid leukemia. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of malignancy in humans. In the present study, Oncomine database was used to compare the expression pattern of SEPT2 mRNA between CRC and normal tissues. Additionally, protein expression in 90 pairs of CRC and paracancerous tissues was analyzed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The results showed that SEPT2 was highly expressed in CRC tissues at the mRNA and protein levels. SEPT2 expression quantified by IHC was associated with lymph node metastasis, the degree of differentiation and TNM staging. Increased SEPT2 wass associated with reduced overall survival (OS) according to Kaplan-Meier analysis. COX proportional hazard analysis indicated that SEPT2 was an independent factor that influenced the OS of patients with CRC. Therefore, SEPT2 was associated with the occurrence, progression and prognosis of CRC and thus, may be a marker and prognostic indicator of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu He
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Junjun Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Ziliang Kan
- Graduate School, Singapore Management University, Singapore 178903, Republic of Singapore
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
| | - Caijun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
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39
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Desterke C, Gassama-Diagne A. Protein-protein interaction analysis highlights the role of septins in membrane enclosed lumen and mRNA processing. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 73:100635. [PMID: 31420262 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2019.100635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Septins are a family of GTP-binding proteins that assemble into non-polar filaments which can be recruited to negatively charged membranes and serve as a scaffold to recruit cytosolic proteins and cytoskeletal elements such as microtubules and actin so that they can perform their important biological functions. Human septins consist of four groups, each with 13 members, and filaments formation usually involve members from each group in specific positions. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that drive the binding of septins to membranes and its importance to their biological functions. Here we have built a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network around human septins and highlighted the connections with 170 partners. Functional enrichment by inference of the network of septins and their partners revealed their participation in functions consistent with some of the roles described for septins, including cell cycle, cell division and cell shape, but we also identified septin partners in these functions that had not previously been described. Interestingly, we identified important and multiple connections between septins and mRNA processing and their export from the nucleus. Analysis of the enrichment of gene ontology cellular components highlighted some important interactions between molecules involved in the spliceosome with septin 2 and septin 7 in particular. RNA splicing regulates gene expression, and through it, cell fate, development and physiology. Mutations in components of the in the splicing machinery is linked to several diseases including cancer, thus taken together, the different analyses presented here open new perspectives to elucidate the pathobiological role of septins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ama Gassama-Diagne
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France; Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif, F-94800, France.
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40
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A blueprint of septin expression in human tissues. Funct Integr Genomics 2019; 19:787-797. [PMID: 31089837 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-019-00690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Septins are GTP-binding proteins that polymerize to form filaments involved in several important biological processes. In human, 13 distinct septins genes are classified in four groups. Filaments formed by septins are complex and usually involve members of each group in specific positions. Expression data from GTEx database, a publicly available expression database with thousands of samples derived from multiple human tissues, was used to evaluate the expression of septins. The brain is noticeably a hotspot for septin expression where few genes contribute to a large portion of septin transcript pool. Co-expression data between septins suggests two predominant specific complexes in brain tissues and one filament in other tissues. SEPT3 and SEPT5 are two genes highly expressed in the brain and with a strong co-expression in all brain tissues. Additional analysis shows that the expression of these two genes is highly variable between individuals, but significantly dependent on the individual's age. Age-dependent decrease of expression from those two septins involved in synapses reinforces their possible link with cognitive decay and neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging. Analysis of enrichment of Gene Ontology terms from lists of genes consistently co-expressed with septins suggests participation in diverse biological processes, pointing out some novel roles for septins. Interestingly, we observed strong consistency of some of these terms with experimentally described roles of septins. Coordination of septins expression with genes involved in DNA repair and cell cycle control may provide insights for previously described links between septins and cancer.
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41
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Omrane M, Camara AS, Taveneau C, Benzoubir N, Tubiana T, Yu J, Guérois R, Samuel D, Goud B, Poüs C, Bressanelli S, Garratt RC, Thiam AR, Gassama-Diagne A. Septin 9 has Two Polybasic Domains Critical to Septin Filament Assembly and Golgi Integrity. iScience 2019; 13:138-153. [PMID: 30831549 PMCID: PMC6403118 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Septins are GTP-binding proteins involved in several membrane remodeling mechanisms. They associate with membranes, presumably using a polybasic domain (PB1) that interacts with phosphoinositides (PIs). Membrane-bound septins assemble into microscopic structures that regulate membrane shape. How septins interact with PIs and then assemble and shape membranes is poorly understood. Here, we found that septin 9 has a second polybasic domain (PB2) conserved in the human septin family. Similar to PB1, PB2 binds specifically to PIs, and both domains are critical for septin filament formation. However, septin 9 membrane association is not dependent on these PB domains, but on putative PB-adjacent amphipathic helices. The presence of PB domains guarantees protein enrichment in PI-contained membranes, which is critical for PI-enriched organelles. In particular, we found that septin 9 PB domains control the assembly and functionality of the Golgi apparatus. Our findings offer further insight into the role of septins in organelle morphology. Two polybasic domains mediate septin 9 interactions with PIs Human septins have amphipathic helices suitable for membrane binding Septin 9 polybasic domains mediate the formation of septin higher-order structures The mutation or depletion of septin polybasic domains induces Golgi fragmentation
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohyeddine Omrane
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif 94800, France; Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif 94800, France; Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Amanda Souza Camara
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cyntia Taveneau
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Nassima Benzoubir
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif 94800, France; Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Thibault Tubiana
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Jinchao Yu
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, 91191 Gif-Sur- Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Raphaël Guérois
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex, France; Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, 91191 Gif-Sur- Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Didier Samuel
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif 94800, France; Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Bruno Goud
- Institute Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Christian Poüs
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif 94800, France; Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - Stéphane Bressanelli
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198 Gif Sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | | | - Abdou Rachid Thiam
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Ama Gassama-Diagne
- INSERM, Unité 1193, Villejuif 94800, France; Université Paris-Sud, UMR-S 1193, Villejuif 94800, France.
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Reorganization of Septins Modulates Synaptic Transmission at Neuromuscular Junctions. Neuroscience 2019; 404:91-101. [PMID: 30738855 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Septins (Sept) are highly conserved Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding cytoskeletal proteins involved in neuronal signaling in the central nervous system but their involvement in signal transmission in peripheral synapses remains unclear. Sept5 and Sept9 proteins were detected in mouse peripheral neuromuscular junctions by immunofluorescence with a greater degree of co-localization with presynaptic than postsynaptic membranes. Preincubation of neuromuscular junction preparations with the inhibitor of Sept dynamics, forchlorfenuron (FCF), decreased co-localization of Sept with presynaptic membranes. FCF introduced ex vivo or in vivo had no effect on the amplitude of the spontaneous endplate currents (EPCs), indicating the absence of postsynaptic effects of FCF. However, FCF decreased acetylcholine (ACh) quantal release in response to nerve stimulation, reduced the amplitude of evoked quantal currents and decreased the number of quanta with long synaptic delays, demonstrating the presynaptic action of FCF. Nevertheless, FCF had no effect on the amplitude of calcium transient in nerve terminals, as detected by calcium-sensitive dye, and slightly decreased the ratio of the second response amplitude to the first one in paired-pulse experiments. These results suggest that FCF-induced decrease in ACh quantal secretion is not due to a decrease in Ca2+ influx but is likely related to the impairment of later stages occurring after Ca2+ entry, such as trafficking, docking or membrane fusion of synaptic vesicles. Therefore, Sept9 and Sept5 are abundantly expressed in presynaptic membranes, and disruption of Sept dynamics suppresses the evoked synchronous and delayed asynchronous quantal release of ACh, strongly suggesting an important role of Sept in the regulation of neurotransmission in peripheral synapses.
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Song K, Gras C, Capin G, Gimber N, Lehmann M, Mohd S, Puchkov D, Rödiger M, Wilhelmi I, Daumke O, Schmoranzer J, Schürmann A, Krauss M. A SEPT1-based scaffold is required for Golgi integrity and function. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:132/3/jcs225557. [PMID: 30709970 PMCID: PMC6382012 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compartmentalization of membrane transport and signaling processes is of pivotal importance to eukaryotic cell function. While plasma membrane compartmentalization and dynamics are well known to depend on the scaffolding function of septin GTPases, the roles of septins at intracellular membranes have remained largely elusive. Here, we show that the structural and functional integrity of the Golgi depends on its association with a septin 1 (SEPT1)-based scaffold, which promotes local microtubule nucleation and positioning of the Golgi. SEPT1 function depends on the Golgi matrix protein GM130 (also known as GOLGA2) and on centrosomal proteins, including CEP170 and components of γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-Turc), to facilitate the perinuclear concentration of Golgi membranes. Accordingly, SEPT1 depletion triggers a massive fragmentation of the Golgi ribbon, thereby compromising anterograde membrane traffic at the level of the Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungyeun Song
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Gras
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabrielle Capin
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niclas Gimber
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility - AMBIO, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Cellular Imaging Facility, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Saif Mohd
- Max-Delmbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dmytro Puchkov
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Cellular Imaging Facility, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Rödiger
- Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam Rehbrücke, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Ilka Wilhelmi
- Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam Rehbrücke, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Oliver Daumke
- Max-Delmbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Schmoranzer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Advanced Medical Bioimaging Core Facility - AMBIO, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Schürmann
- Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, Potsdam Rehbrücke, and German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 14558 Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany
| | - Michael Krauss
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Berlin, Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, 13125 Berlin, Germany
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Septin filament coalignment with microtubules depends on SEPT9_i1 and tubulin polyglutamylation, and is an early feature of acquired cell resistance to paclitaxel. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:54. [PMID: 30670682 PMCID: PMC6342940 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1318-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell resistance to taxanes is a complex, multifactorial process, which results from the combination of several molecular and cellular changes. In breast cancer cells adapted to long-term paclitaxel treatment, we previously identified a new adaptive mechanism that contributes to resistance and involves high levels of tubulin tyrosination and long-chain polyglutamylation coupled with high levels of septin expression, especially that of SEPT9_i1. This in turn led to higher CLIP-170 and MCAK recruitment to microtubules to enhance microtubule dynamics and therefore counteract the stabilizing effects of taxanes. Here, we explored to which extent this new mechanism alone could trigger taxane resistance. We show that coupling septins (including SEPT9_i1) overexpression together with long-chain tubulin polyglutamylation induce significant paclitaxel resistance in several naive (taxane-sensitive) cell lines and accordingly stimulate the binding of CLIP-170 and MCAK to microtubules. Strikingly, such resistance was paralleled by a systematic relocalization of septin filaments from actin fibers to microtubules. We further show that this relocalization resulted from the overexpression of septins in a context of enhanced tubulin polyglutamylation and reveal that it could also be promoted by an acute treatment with paclitaxel of sensitve cell displaying a high basal level of SEPT9_i1. These findings point out the functional importance and the complex cellular dynamics of septins in the onset of cell resistance to death caused by microtubule-targeting antimitotic drugs of the taxane family.
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Vissa A, Giuliani M, Froese CD, Kim MS, Soroor F, Kim PK, Trimble WS, Yip CM. Single‐molecule localization microscopy of septin bundles in mammalian cells. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2018; 76:63-72. [DOI: 10.1002/cm.21481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano Vissa
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Maximiliano Giuliani
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Carol D. Froese
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Moshe S. Kim
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Forooz Soroor
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Peter K. Kim
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - William S. Trimble
- Program in Cell BiologyThe Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Christopher M. Yip
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of BiochemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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46
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Abbey M, Gaestel M, Menon MB. Septins: Active GTPases or just GTP-binding proteins? Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2018; 76:55-62. [PMID: 29747238 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Septins are conserved cytoskeletal proteins with unique filament forming capabilities and roles in cytokinesis and cell morphogenesis. Septins undergo hetero-oligomerization and assemble into higher order structures including filaments, rings, and cages. Hetero- and homotypic interactions of septin isoforms involve alternating GTPase (G)-domain interfaces and those mediated by N- and C-terminal extensions. While most septins bind GTP, display weak GTP-hydrolysis activity and incorporate guanine nucleotides in their interaction interfaces, studies using GTPase-inactivating mutations have failed to conclusively establish a crucial role for GTPase activity in mediating septin functions. In this mini-review, we will critically assess the role of GTP-binding and -hydrolysis on septin assembly and function. The relevance of G-domain activity will also be discussed in the context of human septin mutations as well as the development of specific small-molecules targeting septin polymerization. As structural determinants of septin oligomer interfaces, G-domains are attractive targets for ligand-based inhibition of septin assembly. Whether such an intervention can predictably alter septin function is a major question for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Abbey
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Matthias Gaestel
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover, 30625, Germany
| | - Manoj B Menon
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover, 30625, Germany
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47
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Wasik AA, Dash SN, Lehtonen S. Septins in kidney: A territory little explored. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2018; 76:154-162. [PMID: 30004646 PMCID: PMC6585700 DOI: 10.1002/cm.21477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Septins are a conserved family of GTP‐binding proteins that assemble into cytoskeletal filaments to function in a highly sophisticated and physiologically regulated manner. Originally septins were discovered in the budding yeast as membrane‐associated filaments that affect cell polarity and cytokinesis. In the last decades, much progress has been made in understanding the biochemical properties and cell biological functions of septins. In line with this, mammalian septins have been shown to be involved in various cellular processes, including regulation of cell polarity, cytoskeletal organization, vesicle trafficking, ciliogenesis, and cell–pathogen interactions. A growing number of studies have shown that septins play important roles in tissue and organ development and physiology; yet, little is known about their role in the kidney. In the following review, we discuss the structure and functions of septins in general and summarize the evidence for their presence and roles in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita A Wasik
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Surjya N Dash
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Lehtonen
- Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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48
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Boddy KC, Gao AD, Truong D, Kim MS, Froese CD, Trimble WS, Brumell JH. Septin-regulated actin dynamics promote Salmonella invasion of host cells. Cell Microbiol 2018; 20:e12866. [PMID: 29885024 PMCID: PMC6175387 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Actin nucleators and their binding partners play crucial roles during Salmonella invasion, but how these factors are dynamically coordinated remains unclear. Here, we show that septins, a conserved family of GTP binding proteins, play a role during the early stages of Salmonella invasion. We demonstrate that septins are rapidly enriched at sites of bacterial entry and contribute to the morphology of invasion ruffles. We found that SEPTIN2, SEPTIN7, and SEPTIN9 are required for efficient bacterial invasion. Septins contributed to the recruitment of ROCK2 kinase during Salmonella invasion, and the downstream activation of the actin nucleating protein FHOD1. In contrast, activation of the ROCK2 substrate myosin II, which is known to be required for Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium invasion, did not require septins. Collectively, our studies provide new insight into the mechanisms involved in Salmonella invasion of host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten C Boddy
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Aggie Duan Gao
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dorothy Truong
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Moshe S Kim
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Carol D Froese
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - William S Trimble
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - John H Brumell
- Cell Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,SickKids IBD Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
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49
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Kim J, Cooper JA. Septins regulate junctional integrity of endothelial monolayers. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:1693-1703. [PMID: 29771630 PMCID: PMC6080707 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-02-0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Junctional integrity of endothelial monolayers is crucial to control movement of molecules and cells across the endothelium. Examining the structure and dynamics of cell junctions in endothelial monolayers, we discovered a role for septins. Contacts between adjacent endothelial cells were dynamic, with protrusions extending above or below neighboring cells. Vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) was present at cell junctions, with a membrane-associated layer of F-actin. Septins localized at cell-junction membranes, in patterns distinct from VE-cadherin and F-actin. Septins assumed curved and scallop-shaped patterns at junctions, especially in regions of positive membrane curvature associated with actin-rich membrane protrusions. Depletion of septins led to disrupted morphology of VE-cadherin junctions and increased expression of VE-cadherin. In videos, septin-depleted cells displayed remodeling at cell junctions; regions with VE-cadherin were broader, and areas with membrane ruffling were wider. Septin depletion and junction disruption led to functional loss of junctional integrity, revealed by decreased transendothelial electric resistance and increased transmigration of immune cells. We conclude that septins, as cytoskeletal elements associated with the plasma membrane, are important for cell junctions and junctional integrity of endothelial monolayers, functioning at regions of positive curvature in support of actin-rich protrusions to promote cadherin-based cell junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kim
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics and Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - John A. Cooper
- Departments of Biochemistry & Molecular Biophysics and Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Grl1 Protein is a Candidate K Antigen in Tetrahymena thermophila. Protist 2018; 169:321-332. [PMID: 29803115 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In Tetrahymena, K antigens associate only with mature basal bodies and are expected to play important roles in the morphogenesis and function of the membrane skeleton around basal bodies, but these proteins have not been identified and their functions are unknown. Commercially available anti-human Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor α (RhoGDIα) antibody (sc-33201) was accidentally found to show very similar immunofluorescence staining patterns to those of anti-K antigen antibodies, such as 424A8 and 10D12 mouse monoclonal antibodies, in Tetrahymena. A 40kDa protein recognized by this antibody was partially purified and identified as granule lattice protein 1 (Grl1p) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In immunoblotting experiments this antibody was suggested to recognize endogenous Grl1p. The three-dimensional structure of proGrl1p protein predicted by I-TASSER was similar to a spectrin family protein. Grl1 may be a K antigen and a spectrin-like protein in Tetrahymena.
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