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Alkaya M, Bayram A, Yaşar M, Doğan M, Gençer H. Lipocalin-2 expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma and its association with clinicopathological characteristics. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08954-w. [PMID: 39242418 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08954-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to assess Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) expression in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and to compare it with multinodular goitre (MNG). We also investigated the correlation between LCN2 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics. METHODS This retrospective study included 63 surgically treated adult patients with papillary carcinoma and 65 adult patients with a MNG. Age, gender, physical, radiological and histopathological examinations, and surgical data of the patients were extracted from the hospital records. Size, histological subtype, capsule invasion, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis (LNM), and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies of the tumour were recorded from the final histopathological reports of patients with PTC. The patient groups were compared in terms of LCN2 expression. The relationships between LCN2 expression and clinicopathological and other IHC parameters were also evaluated in patients with PTC. RESULTS LCN2 expression was significantly higher in the PTC group than in the control group. No significant correlation was demonstrated between LCN2 expression and the presence of multifocal disease, capsular invasion, vascular invasion, ETE, and LNM. There was a moderate positive correlation between LCN2 and human bone marrow endothelial cell marker-1 (HBME-1) expressions, however, no correlation was found between LCN2 and cytokeratin-19 (CK19), CD56, and galectin-3. CONCLUSION LCN2 expression may be a useful biomarker in differentiating benign and malignant lesions of the thyroid gland; however, its expression pattern may not be associated with clinicopathologic characteristics of the PTC and should be investigated in further studies with larger clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Alkaya
- Department of ENT, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
- Halil Şıvgın State Hospital, Cumhuriyet Mh., Ankara Blv. No:54, 06760, Çubuk/Ankara, 05300, Turkey.
| | - Ali Bayram
- Department of ENT, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Yaşar
- Department of ENT, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Merve Doğan
- Department of Pathology, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hümeyra Gençer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kayseri City Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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Liu F, Hao X, Liu B, Liu S, Yuan Y. Bile liquid biopsy in biliary tract cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 551:117593. [PMID: 37839517 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers are heterogeneous in etiology, morphology and molecular characteristics thus impacting disease management. Diagnosis is complex and prognosis poor. The advent of liquid biopsy has provided a unique approach to more thoroughly understand tumor biology in general and biliary tract cancers specifically. Due to their minimally invasive nature, liquid biopsy can be used to serially monitor disease progression and allow real-time monitoring of tumor genetic profiles as well as therapeutic response. Due to the unique anatomic location of biliary tract cancer, bile provides a promising biologic fluid for this purpose. This review focuses on the composition of bile and the use of these various components, ie, cells, extracellular vesicles, nucleic acids, proteins and metabolites as potential biomarkers. Based on the disease characteristics and research status of biliary tract cancer, considerable effort should be made to increase understanding of this disease, promote research and development into early diagnosis, develop efficient diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusheng Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xingyuan Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Songmei Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Center for Gene Diagnosis, and Program of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yufeng Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; Clinical Medicine Research Center for Minimally Invasive Procedure of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China; TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, PR China.
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Romejko K, Markowska M, Niemczyk S. The Review of Current Knowledge on Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10470. [PMID: 37445650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a 25-kDa protein that is secreted mostly by immune cells such as neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Its production is stimulated in response to inflammation. The concentrations of NGAL can be measured in plasma, urine, and biological fluids such as peritoneal effluent. NGAL is known mainly as a biomarker of acute kidney injury and is released after tubular damage and during renal regeneration processes. NGAL is also elevated in chronic kidney disease and dialysis patients. It may play a role as a predictor of the progression of renal function decreases with complications and mortality due to kidney failure. NGAL is also useful in the diagnostic processes of cardiovascular diseases. It is highly expressed in injured heart tissue and atherosclerostic plaque; its serum concentrations correlate with the severity of heart failure and coronary artery disease. NGAL increases inflammatory states and its levels rise in arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and metabolic complications such as insulin resistance, and is also involved in carcinogenesis. In this review, we present the current knowledge on NGAL and its involvement in different pathologies, especially its role in renal and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Romejko
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Markowska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Niemczyk
- Department of Internal Diseases, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, 128 Szaserów Street, 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
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Dahiya K, Prashant P, Dhankhar R, Dhankhar K, Kumar S, Vashist S. Lipocalin-2 as a biomarker for diabetic nephropathy. World J Meta-Anal 2023; 11:92-101. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v11.i4.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major global public health issue. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes is comparatively static, as hereditary and genetic causes are involved, while type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence is increasing day by day. T2D is associated with chronic complications, including diabetic neuropathy (DN), nephropathy, retinopathy, and other complications like diabetic foot. DN is the main complication of both types of diabetes. DN can be diagnosed by routine laboratory tests, microalbuminuria > 300 mg/24 h, and a gradual decrease in glomerular filtration rate. As the appearance of microalbuminuria is a late manifestation, an early marker for renal damage is needed. Lipocalin-2, also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), is a small protein purified from neutrophil granules and a good marker for kidney disease. NGAL is a transporter protein responsible for many physiological processes, such as inflammation, generation of the immune response, and metabolic homeostasis. NGAL has been reported to depict the early changes in renal damage when urine microalbumin is still undetecable. Therefore, elucidating the role of NGAL in detecting DN and understanding its mechanism can help establish it as a potential early marker for DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Dahiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Pt BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Praveen Prashant
- Department of Biochemistry, Pt BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rakesh Dhankhar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Pt BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Kumud Dhankhar
- Phase III, JSS Medical College, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Sonia Vashist
- Department of Dermatology, Dr Sonia’s Dermatology Clinic, Rewari 123401, Haryana, India
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Liu H, Yu Y, Niu Y. Utility of Human Neutrophil Lipocalin as a Diagnosing Biomarker of Prosthetic Joint Infection: A Clinical Pilot Study. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:2393-2400. [PMID: 35528185 PMCID: PMC9075898 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s355180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The discrimination of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) from aseptic failure is regarded as a major clinical challenge. The key function of human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) in regulating bacterial infection rationalizes its potential as a biomarker to diagnose PJI. This work evaluated the accuracy of serum human neutrophil lipocalin as a biomarker to diagnose PJI. Methods This prospective cohort study enrolled altogether 58 patients suffering from miserable knee or hip arthroplasty and receiving revision surgery from 2018 to 2020. Related laboratory and clinical information of these patients were retrieved. Following the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria, the diagnosis of PJI was conducted. Collecting preoperative blood samples, we measured HNL by the standard assay. Thereafter, plotting the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC) values were calculated to analyze the diagnosis accuracy. Results According to the MSIS criteria, 38 cases (65.5%) were classified into the PJI group, while 20 (34.5%) into the aseptic loosening group, with age ranging from 38 to 87 (median, 66.9) years. The median serum HNL level of the PJI patients was 199.01 (range, 85.34–357.79) ng/mL, significantly higher as compared with that of 64.81 (range, 20.73–157.89) ng/mL of the aseptic loosening group. Using the Youden index, the optimal threshold value was 105.1ng/mL, while the specificity, sensitivity, and AUC were 85.0%, 81.6%, and 0.919, respectively. Conclusion Serum HNL is the creditable test that can be employed as the laboratory biomarker to screen PJI. The threshold HNL level is 105.1 ng/mL, which may distinguish PJI from aseptic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjiang Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhengzhou Orthopaedics Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Niu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanli Niu, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Liu H, Wan X, Shi Y, Huang F, Shu H, Huang R, Gu L. Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Contributes to Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Death After Acute Coronary Syndrome. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:4887-4895. [PMID: 34475780 PMCID: PMC8407785 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s328022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been suggested to reflect early renal dysfunction. We investigated the predictive significance of serum NGAL in predicting cardiovascular (CV) death in an old-age population with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods In total, 633 CHD patients with a stable clinical condition were enrolled. The measurements of serum NGAL and other laboratory indices were performed within 24 hours after admission. Adjusted analysis was used to assess relationships between serum NGAL and CV death during the 10-year follow-up period. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that elevated NGAL levels were related to a higher prevalence of CV disease history [quartile 4, 2.41 (1.60–4.59), P-trend <0.001]. The Kaplan–Meier curve indicated that patients with high NGAL levels tended to have a higher rate of CV death than patients with low NGAL levels. A multivariate Cox model suggested that increased levels of NGAL were independently linked with elevated risk of CV death (HR=2.62, 95% CI 1.51–4.96, P<0.001) during the 10-year follow-up period, after adjusting for related confounding factors using sensitivity analysis. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve demonstrated that serum NGAL (AUC=0.917, 95% CI 0.895–0.940, P<0.001) had an ideal predictive value in predicting CV death. Conclusion Serum levels of NGAL were elevated in patients with CHD and may be a new parameter that could independently predict CV death in these patients, which may strengthen its potential application in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huogen Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yundi Shi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengming Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hailin Shu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rijin Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Gu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mindong Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fu'an City, Fujian Province, 355000, People's Republic of China
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Kandikattu HK, Venkateshaiah SU, Mishra A. Chronic Pancreatitis and the Development of Pancreatic Cancer. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:1182-1210. [PMID: 32324526 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200423095700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatitis is a fibro-inflammatory disorder of the pancreas that can occur acutely or chronically as a result of the activation of digestive enzymes that damage pancreatic cells, which promotes inflammation. Chronic pancreatitis with persistent fibro-inflammation of the pancreas progresses to pancreatic cancer, which is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths across the globe. Pancreatic cancer involves cross-talk of inflammatory, proliferative, migratory, and fibrotic mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the role of cytokines in the inflammatory cell storm in pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer and their role in the activation of SDF1α/CXCR4, SOCS3, inflammasome, and NF-κB signaling. The aberrant immune reactions contribute to pathological damage of acinar and ductal cells, and the activation of pancreatic stellate cells to a myofibroblast-like phenotype. We summarize several aspects involved in the promotion of pancreatic cancer by inflammation and include a number of regulatory molecules that inhibit that process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth K Kandikattu
- Department of Medicine, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Centre (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States
| | - Sathisha U Venkateshaiah
- Department of Medicine, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Centre (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States
| | - Anil Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Centre (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States
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Krizanac M, Mass Sanchez PB, Weiskirchen R, Asimakopoulos A. A Scoping Review on Lipocalin-2 and Its Role in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2865. [PMID: 33799862 PMCID: PMC8000927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess calorie intake and a sedentary lifestyle have made non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) one of the fastest growing forms of liver disease of the modern world. It is characterized by abnormal accumulation of fat in the liver and can range from simple steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to cirrhosis as well as development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Biopsy is the golden standard for the diagnosis and differentiation of all NAFLD stages, but its invasiveness poses a risk for patients, which is why new, non-invasive ways of diagnostics ought to be discovered. Lipocalin-2 (LCN2), which is a part of the lipocalin transport protein family, is a protein formally known for its role in iron transport and in inflammatory response. However, in recent years, its implication in the pathogenesis of NAFLD has become apparent. LCN2 shows significant upregulation in several benign and malignant liver diseases, making it a good candidate for the NAFLD biomarker or even a therapeutic target. What makes LCN2 more interesting to study is the fact that it is overexpressed in HCC development induced by chronic NASH, which is one of the primary causes of cancer-related deaths. However, to this day, neither its role as a biomarker for NAFLD nor the molecular mechanisms of its implication in NAFLD pathogenesis have been completely elucidated. This review aims to gather and closely dissect the current knowledge about, sometimes conflicting, evidence on LCN2 as a biomarker for NAFLD, its involvement in NAFLD, and NAFLD-HCC related pathogenesis, while comparing it to the findings in similar pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.K.); (P.B.M.S.)
| | - Anastasia Asimakopoulos
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.K.); (P.B.M.S.)
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Park Y, Ban TH, Kim HD, Ko EJ, Lee J, Kim SC, Park CW, Yang CW, Kim YS, Chung BH. Mortality prediction of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy. Korean J Intern Med 2021; 36:392-400. [PMID: 32623875 PMCID: PMC7969065 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2019.446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We investigated whether serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) can predict mortality in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). METHODS This study enrolled 169 patients who underwent serum NGAL testing at CRRT initiation from June 2017 to January 2019. The predictive power of serum NGAL level for 28-day mortality was compared to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II (APACHE-II) score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score via area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC) value. RESULTS There were 55 survivors and 114 non-survivors at 28 days post-CRRT initiation. Median serum NGAL level was significantly higher in the non-survivor group than in the survivor group (743.0 ng/mL vs. 504.0 ng/mL, p = 0.003). The AuROC value of serum NGAL level was 0.640, which was lower than APACHEII score and SOFA score values (0.767 and 0.715, respectively). However, in the low APACHE-II score group (< 27.5), AuROC value of serum NGAL was significantly increased (0.698), and it was an independent risk factor for 28 day-mortality (hazard ratio, 2.405; 95% confidence interval, 1.209 to 4.783; p = 0.012). CONCLUSION In patients with AKI requiring CRRT, serum NGAL levels may be useful for predicting short-term mortality in those with low APACHE-II scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Ban
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eunpyeong St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung Duk Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Ko
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Chan Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Whee Park
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Woo Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung Ha Chung
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Zhu C, Xu Z, Zhang T, Qian L, Xiao W, Wei H, Jin T, Zhou Y. Updates of Pathogenesis, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives for Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:2295-2316. [PMID: 33758607 PMCID: PMC7974897 DOI: 10.7150/jca.53395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a special pathological type of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) and has a high prevalence in Asia without specific molecular subtype classification. Endometriosis is a recognized precancerous lesion that carries 3-fold increased risk of OCCC. Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma, which also originates from endometriosis, shares several features with OCCC, including platinum resistance and younger age at diagnosis. Patients with OCCC have about a 2.5 to 4 times greater risk of having a venous thromboembolism (VTE) compared with other EOC, and OCCC tends to metastasize through lymphatic vesicular and peritoneal spread as opposed to hematogenous metastasis. There is only mild elevation of the conventional biomarker CA125. Staging surgery or optimal cytoreduction combined with chemotherapy is a common therapeutic strategy for OCCC. However, platinum resistance commonly portends a poor prognosis, so novel treatments are urgently needed. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy are currently being studied, including PARP, EZH2, and ATR inhibitors combined with the synthetic lethality of ARID1A-dificiency, and MAPK/PI3K/HER2, VEGF/bFGF/PDGF, HNF1β, and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Advanced stage, suboptimal cytoreduction, platinum resistance, lymph node metastasis, and VTE are major prognostic predictors for OCCC. We focus on update pathogenesis, diagnostic methods and therapeutic approaches to provide future directions for clinical diagnosis and treatment of OCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Lili Qian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
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Che K, Han W, Zhang M, Niu H. Role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:148. [PMID: 33552266 PMCID: PMC7798090 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a glycoprotein present in a wide variety of tissues and cell types. It exists as a monomer of 25 kDa, a homodimer of 45 kDa or a heterodimer of 135 kDa (disulfide bound to latent matrix metalloproteinase-9). NGAL is considered the biochemical gold standard for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury and has attracted much attention as a diagnostic biomarker. NGAL has controversial (i.e. both beneficial and detrimental) effects on cellular processes associated with tumor development, such as cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion and drug resistance. Therefore, the present review aimed at clarifying the role of NGAL in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Relevant studies of NGAL and RCC were searched in PubMed and relevant information about the structure, expression, function and mechanism of NGAL in RCC were summarized. Finally, the following conclusions could be drawn from the literature: i) NGAL can be detected in cancer tissues, serum and urine of patients with RCC; ii) NGAL is not a suitable diagnostic marker for early screening of RCC; iii) NGAL expression may be used to predict the prognosis of patients with RCC; and iv) Further research on NGAL may be helpful to decrease sunitinib resistance and find new treatment strategies for RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Che
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Wenkai Han
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Niu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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Abosamak MF, Alkholy AF. Urinary kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin are early predictors for acute kidney injury among patients admitted to the surgical ICU. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/11101849.2020.1866883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F Abosamak
- Department of Anesthesia & ICU, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Adel F Alkholy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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13
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Mierzyński R, Poniedziałek-Czajkowska E, Dłuski D, Kamiński M, Mierzyńska A, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. The Potential Role of Chemerin, Lipocalin 2, and Apelin in the Diagnosis and Pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5547228. [PMID: 34212049 PMCID: PMC8211493 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5547228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The exact role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) still remains not fully clear, and multiple studies have analyzed their potential contribution to the pathophysiology of this pregnancy complication. This study is aimed at evaluating serum chemerin, lipocalin 2, and apelin concentrations in GDM and healthy pregnant patients, assessing the correlation between these adipokines, and suggesting the potential role of these cytokines in the diagnosis and pathophysiology of GDM. The study comprised 237 pregnant women: 153 with GDM and 84 with physiological pregnancy. Serum concentrations of chemerin, lipocalin 2, and apelin were obtained at 24-29 weeks of gestation. The mean concentrations of chemerin and lipocalin 2 were significantly higher in the GDM group. The concentration of apelin was slightly higher in the GDM group, but not statistically significant. The strong positive correlation between chemerin and lipocalin 2 concentrations was noticed in both groups. Our data suggest that maternal chemerin and lipocalin 2 may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of GDM. We imply that these adipokines could potentially be established as novel biomarkers for the early identification of GDM. However, more studies are needed to analyze the effect of these adipokines on glucose metabolism during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radzisław Mierzyński
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Dominik Dłuski
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Kamiński
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mierzyńska
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-954 Lublin, Poland
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Malavia N, Kuche K, Ghadi R, Jain S. A bird's eye view of the advanced approaches and strategies for overshadowing triple negative breast cancer. J Control Release 2020; 330:72-100. [PMID: 33321156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive form of breast cancer. It is characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone and human epidermal growth factor receptors. The main issue with TNBC is that it exhibits poor prognosis, high risk of relapse, short progression-free survival and low overall survival in patients. This is because the conventional therapy used for managing TNBC has issues pertaining to poor bioavailability, lower cellular uptake, increased off-target effects and development of resistance. To overcome such pitfalls, several other approaches are explored. In this context, the present manuscript showcases three of the most widely used approaches which are (i) nanotechnology-based approach; (ii) gene therapy approach and (iii) Phytochemical-based approach. The ultimate focus is to present and explain the insightful reports based on these approaches. Further, the review also expounds on the identified molecular targets and novel targeting ligands which are explored for managing TNBC effectively. Thus, in a nutshell, the review tries to highlight these existing treatment approaches which might inspire for future development of novel therapies with a potential of overshadowing TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Malavia
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Kuche
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rohan Ghadi
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Sanyog Jain
- Centre for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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Ben Khadhra H, Rose-Robert F, Herpe YE, Sevestre H, Choukroun G, Catherine L, Amant C, Saint F. ARCHITECT® urine-neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (u-NGAL) assay as new prognostic marker for clear cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) (preliminary results). Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 53:59-67. [PMID: 32783115 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02604-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring treatment response of kidney cancer are urgently needed. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a relevant urinary biomarker for the diagnosis of a wide variety of acute and chronic kidney diseases. Its potential utility as a prognostic marker of kidney cancer is largely unknown and, therefore, was the subject of this investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was done on 50 kidney tumor patients (urine samples prospectively collected before nephrectomy between 2004 and 2012, stored at Biobank Resource Center). The specificity, sensitivity and the predictive value of NGAL were determined for progression-free and disease-specific survival after nephrectomy in renal cell carcinoma (particularly, the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)). Urinary NGAL concentration (u-NGAL) was determined by CMIA technique (ARCHITECT® urine NGAL essay/ABBOTT®). RESULTS Out of the 50 kidney tumor patients, 40 had clear cell carcinoma with a median u-NGAL excretion of 1.4 (IQR: 5.76) ng/mg urinary creatinine (Ucr). u-NGAL was correlated to tumor stage (p = 0.005), and Fuhrman grade (p = 0.0002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed a significant association between u-NGAL excretion and clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression free survival and disease specific survival (p = 0.002; p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Urinary NGAL was significantly associated with the stage and the grade of kidney cancer. u-NGAL excretion could be considered as a potential biomarker to identify ccRCC patients with the more pejorative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Ben Khadhra
- Public Health and General Cancer Register de La Somme, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Françoise Rose-Robert
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Yves Edouard Herpe
- BRC (Biobanque de Picardie), Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Henri Sevestre
- Pathology, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Gabriel Choukroun
- Nephrology, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Luc Catherine
- Association "Juste Un Petit Rein", Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Carole Amant
- EPROAD EA 4669, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France
| | - Fabien Saint
- Departments of Urology-Transplantation, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France. .,EPROAD EA 4669, Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France. .,BRC (Biobanque de Picardie), Jules Verne University, CHU Amiens, 80000, Amiens, France.
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Relation of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Overexpression to the Resistance to Apoptosis of Tumor B Cells in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082124. [PMID: 32751884 PMCID: PMC7465759 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The resistance to apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells partly results from the deregulated production of survival signals from leukemic cells. Despite the development of new therapies in CLL, drug resistance and disease relapse still occur. Recently, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a secreted glycoprotein, has been suggested to have a critical role in the biology of tumors. Thus, we investigated the relevance of NGAL in CLL pathogenesis, analyzed the expression of its cellular receptor (NGAL-R) on malignant B cells and tested whether CLL cells are resistant to apoptosis through an autocrine process involving NGAL and NGAL-R. We observed that NGAL concentrations were elevated in the serum of CLL patients at diagnosis. After treatment (and regardless of the therapeutic regimen), serum NGAL levels normalized in CLL patients in remission but not in relapsed patients. In parallel, NGAL and NGAL-R were upregulated in leukemic cells from untreated CLL patients when compared to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and returned to basal levels in PBMCs from patients in remission. Cultured CLL cells released endogenous NGAL. Anti-NGAL-R antibodies enhanced NGAL-R+ leukemia cell death. Conversely, recombinant NGAL protected NGAL-R+ CLL cells against apoptosis by activating a STAT3/Mcl-1 signaling pathway. Our results suggest that NGAL and NGAL-R, overexpressed in untreated CLL, participate in the deregulation of the apoptotic machinery in CLL cells, and may be potential therapeutic clues for CLL treatment.
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Yang J, Xie K, Li C. Immune-related genes have prognostic significance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 256:117906. [PMID: 32504750 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an highly aggressive tumor with heterogeneous prognosis. We here report that immune-related genes (IRGs) could effectively distinguish prognostically different HNSCC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRNA levels of 1333 IRGs that from ImmPort database in HNSCC samples were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). H2o, a machine learning-based R package, was used for screening the top most representative genes from the IRGs. Univariate Cox-regression analysis was performed to identify prognostically-related genes based on the randomly generated training samples from TCGA set. LASSO Cox-regression analysis was applied for the construction of prognostic model for HNSCC. A total of six IRGs were finally retained for their prognostic significance and used for LASSO Cox-regression analysis. KEY FINDINGS Samples from exclusive training and testing set that randomly generated from TCGA, and another independent validation set from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were divided into high- and low-risk groups according to the prognostic model. HNSCC samples within high-risk groups have significantly inferior overall survival (OS) compared with those within low-risk groups. Differences in genomic mutation landscape and tumor infiltration immune cells also exist between the two sample groups. What's more, risk score was proved to be an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC by stratification analysis. SIGNIFICANCE IRGs are pivotal HNSCC prognostic signatures and should be helpful for its clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China
| | - Kuixia Xie
- Dermatological Department, Tianjin Fifth Centre Hospital, Tianjin 300450, PR China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, PR China.
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Guo Y, Zhai J, Zhang J, Zhou H. NGAL protects in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by inducing apoptosis and blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3711-3718. [PMID: 32391093 PMCID: PMC7204640 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been considered to be a key molecule in different cancer types and its carcinogenesis may be related to the NGAL/MMP-9 complex. However, its expression pattern and role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has rarely been reported. In the current study, 158 tumor tissues from NPC patients were collected and immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the NGAL protein expression, to investigate the correlation between its expression and clinical and pathological parameters using Chi square analysis. Furthermore, by over-expressing NGAL in NPC cell lines, biological alteration of NPC cells with respect to cell proliferation, migration and invasion was analyzed. Results suggested that high expression of NGAL predicts better prognosis and longer survival. Overexpression of NGAL significantly reduced the proliferation and migration of NPC cells, and induced the apoptosis by activating caspase 3, 8 and 9, and blocking epithelial-mesenchymal transition by inhibiting mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhai
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Heping, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
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Xu W, Wu X, Wang X, Yu S, Xu G, Xiong J, Zhang J, Sang X, Zheng Y, Liu W. Prognostic Significance of the Preoperative Lymphocyte to Monocyte Ratio in Patients with Gallbladder Carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3271-3283. [PMID: 32494191 PMCID: PMC7227785 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s243326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was designed to investigate the prognostic value of the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) in patients with gallbladder carcinoma (GBC). Patients and Methods We retrospectively enrolled 154 consecutive GBC patients from 2005 to 2017 in this study. The LMR of preoperative blood samples was calculated by dividing the lymphocyte count by the monocyte count. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to identify the optimal cut-off value of the LMR in the determination of overall survival (OS). The Kaplan–Meier method was utilized to assess OS, and the Log rank test was employed to compare survival differences. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were conducted to detect independent prognostic indicators. Results The optimal cut-off point for the LMR was 4.76 according to the ROC curve. Patients ≤60 years old with an LMR ≤4.76 experienced significantly worse OS than those with an LMR >4.76 (hazard ratio (HR): 0.399, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.265–0.602, P<0.001); however, the prognostic value of the LMR was not determined in patients >60 years old or among the entire study cohort (both P>0.05). Significantly poorer OS was observed in patients >60 years with an LMR ≤4.21 compared to those with an LMR >4.21 (HR: 1.830, 95% CI: 1.129–2.967, P=0.014). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that both the high and low LMR cut-off values were independent risk factors for OS (HR: 0.272, 95% CI: 0.105–0.704, P=0.007; HR: 0.544, 95% CI: 0.330–0.895, P=0.017). Conclusion The LMR is an independent prognostic indicator for GBC patients, the cut-off value of which is age dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyu Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Wu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhu Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinting Sang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongchang Zheng
- Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Li H, Xu Q, Wang Y, Chen K, Li J. Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a biomarker for predicting high dose methotrexate associated acute kidney injury in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2019; 85:95-103. [PMID: 31676986 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-019-03980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study was aimed at assessing the value of serum NGAL in identifying early acute kidney injury induced by HDMTX. METHODS Children aged 1-14 years with newly diagnosed ALL receiving MTX over 3 g/m2 were enrolled. Serum NGAL concentrations, serum creatinine (Scr) and MTX concentrations were measured. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used for evaluating variables' ability of early diagnosis of AKI. RESULTS A total of 196 courses of 62 patients were assessed, and 22 courses (11.2%) developed AKI. Twenty-four hours serum NGAL concentrations, 24 h Scr ratio, 48 h Scr ratio, CMTX24 h, CMTX48 h, CMTX72 h were significantly higher in patients with AKI. The combination of 24 h Scr ratio and 24 h serum NGAL had higher value for detecting HDMTX induced AKI compared with the 24 h Scr ratio. And the combination had similar value for detecting HDMTX induced AKI compared with the 48 h Scr ratio. After 48 h, CMTX48 h had a satisfying accuracy in predicting AKI. The proportion of post-HDMTX sepsis in patients with AKI was significantly higher than that in patients without AKI. CONCLUSIONS Serum NGAL levels could be used as a marker in identifying the direct kidney tubular damage induced by HDMTX. The combination of 24 h Scr ratio and 24 h serum NGAL had higher value for early diagnosis of HDMTX associated AKI compared with the 24 h Scr ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Hematology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 100 Xianggang Road, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430016, Hubei, China.
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 100 Xianggang Road, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430016, Hubei, China
| | - Kailan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Hematology, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Du Z, Wu B, Xia Q, Zhao Y, Lin L, Cai Z, Wang S, Li E, Xu L, Li Y, Xu H, Yin D. LCN2-interacting proteins and their expression patterns in brain tumors. Brain Res 2019; 1720:146304. [PMID: 31233712 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a member of the lipocalin family. Elevated expression of LCN2 has been observed in many human tumors, suggesting it might be a potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target in malignancies. In this study, we aimed to explore LCN2 interacting proteins through bioinformatics, as well as their biological functions. Protein-protein interaction networks (PPIN) were constructed using LCN2 and its interacting proteins as the core node. These PPINs were scale free biological networks in which LCN2 and its interacting proteins could connect or cross-talk with at least one partner protein. Both functional and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses identified the known and potential biological functions of the PPIN, such as cell migration and cancer-related pathways. Expression levels of the PPIN proteins, as well as their expression correlations, in five types of brain tumor, were analyzed and integrated into the PPIN to illustrate a dynamic change. A significant correlation was found between the survival time of glioblastoma patients and the expression level of 10 genes (LCN2, MMP9, MMP2, PDE4DIP, L2HGDH, HNRNPA1, DDX31, LOXL2, FAM60A and RNF25). Taken together, our results suggest that LCN2 and its interacting proteins are mostly differentially expressed and have a distinguishing co-expression pattern. They might promote proliferation and migration via cell migration signaling and cancer-related pathways. LCN2 and its interacting proteins might be potential biomarkers in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zepeng Du
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Genes Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China; Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingli Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoxi Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaohong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Genes Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Haixiong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Genes Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China.
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Cymbaluk-Płoska A, Chudecka-Głaz A, Pius-Sadowska E, Machaliński B, Sompolska-Rzechuła A, Kwiatkowski S, Menkiszak J. The role of lipocalin-2 serum levels in the diagnostics of endometrial cancer. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:315-324. [PMID: 30829613 PMCID: PMC6484256 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Endometrial cancer is one of the most common tumor of the woman genital organs. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to determine the lipocalin-2 levels in patients with endometrial cancer compared to those with normal endometrium or mild endometrial pathologies. METHODS: Study included 123 patients with BMI > 21 kg/m2 who were admitted due to abnormal bleeding, in which 52 patients with endometrial cancer. The NGAL, CA125, HE4 serum levels were determined for all patients. RESULTS: Significantly lower median NGAL serum levels were found in a group of patients with normal endometrium compared to the endometrial cancer group, p= 0.006. NGAL protein area under ROC curves value as a diagnostic test, differentiating between endometrial cancer and other benign changes endometrium is AUC – 0.81 (p< 0.00001). The NGAL protein had a high sensitivity in all patients included in the analysis: 84% vs. 82% in pre-menopausal patients, and 81% in postmenopausal women with a specificity of 78%, 80% and 87%, respectively. The independent variable for FIGO and model logistic regression proves that NGAL is statistically significant (p= 0.000602), the odds ratio is 3.66. The model for grading shows, that NGAL increase by one ng/ml increases risk chances by 2.32 times in diagnosis with less cancer differentiation. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary studies demonstrate that lipocalin-2 may be of value in the diagnostics of uterine body cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anita Chudecka-Głaz
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Pius-Sadowska
- General Pathology Department, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | | | - Sebastian Kwiatkowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Janusz Menkiszak
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
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23
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Wu KA, Wu CC, Liu YC, Hsueh PC, Chin CY, Wang CL, Chu CM, Shih LJ, Yang CY. Combined serum biomarkers in the noninvasive diagnosis of complicated parapneumonic effusions and empyema. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:108. [PMID: 31215423 PMCID: PMC6582530 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0877-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We previously demonstrated that the pleural levels of proteins (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin/NGAL, calprotectin, bactericidal permeability-increasing/BPI, azurocidin 1/AZU-1) were valuable markers for identifying complicated PPE (CPPE). Herein, this study was performed to evaluate whether these proteins are useful as serological markers for identifying CPPE and empyema. Methods A total of 137 participates were enrolled in this study. The levels of NGAL, calprotectin, BPI and AZU-1 were measured in serum and pleural fluid by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also characterized the diagnostic values of these markers between different groups. Results The serum levels of NGAL, calprotectin, and BPI in PPE patients were significantly higher than those in transudates, noninfectious exudates, and healthy controls. The area under the curve (AUC) values of NGAL, calprotectin, and BPI for distinguishing PPE from transudates or noninfectious exudates were around 0.861 to 0.953. In PPE group, serum NGAL and calprotectin levels were significantly elevated in patients with CPPE and empyema than in those with UPPE, whereas the serum BPI levels were similar between these two groups. In CPPE and empyema patients, the serum NGAL showed a positive correlation with the pleural fluid NGAL (r = 0.417, p < 0.01). When combined with serum CRP, the sensitivity and specificity of serum calprotectin for identifying CPPE and empyema were the highest at 73.52% and 80.55%, respectively. Conclusions We concluded that serum calprotectin and NGAL were adjuvant serological markers for CPPE and empyema diagnosis. Patients present with pneumonia and pleural effusion signs in the chest x-ray and the combination of serum calprotectin and CRP constitutes a more highly sensitive and specific assay for identifying CPPE and empyema. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12890-019-0877-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-An Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Liu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Hsueh
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yin Chin
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jane Shih
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan. .,Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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24
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Untersmayr E, Bax HJ, Bergmann C, Bianchini R, Cozen W, Gould HJ, Hartmann K, Josephs DH, Levi‐Schaffer F, Penichet ML, O'Mahony L, Poli A, Redegeld FA, Roth‐Walter F, Turner MC, Vangelista L, Karagiannis SN, Jensen‐Jarolim E. AllergoOncology: Microbiota in allergy and cancer-A European Academy for Allergy and Clinical Immunology position paper. Allergy 2019; 74:1037-1051. [PMID: 30636005 PMCID: PMC6563061 DOI: 10.1111/all.13718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The microbiota can play important roles in the development of human immunity and the establishment of immune homeostasis. Lifestyle factors including diet, hygiene, and exposure to viruses or bacteria, and medical interventions with antibiotics or anti-ulcer medications, regulate phylogenetic variability and the quality of cross talk between innate and adaptive immune cells via mucosal and skin epithelia. More recently, microbiota and their composition have been linked to protective effects for health. Imbalance, however, has been linked to immune-related diseases such as allergy and cancer, characterized by impaired, or exaggerated immune tolerance, respectively. In this AllergoOncology position paper, we focus on the increasing evidence defining the microbiota composition as a key determinant of immunity and immune tolerance, linked to the risk for the development of allergic and malignant diseases. We discuss novel insights into the role of microbiota in disease and patient responses to treatments in cancer and in allergy. These may highlight opportunities to improve patient outcomes with medical interventions supported through a restored microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Untersmayr
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Heather J. Bax
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | | | - Rodolfo Bianchini
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Wendy Cozen
- Center for Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Preventive MedicineKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of PathologyKeck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Norris Comprehensive Cancer CenterKeck School of Medicine of Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hannah J. Gould
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular BiophysicsSchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonNew Hunt's HouseLondonUK
- Medical Research Council & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of AsthmaLondonUK
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of LuebeckLuebeckGermany
| | - Debra H. Josephs
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical SciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Francesca Levi‐Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics UnitSchool of PharmacyFaculty of MedicineThe Institute for Drug ResearchThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Manuel L. Penichet
- Division of Surgical OncologyDepartment of SurgeryDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular GeneticsDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California, Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- The Molecular Biology InstituteUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- UCLA AIDS InstituteLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Departments of Medicine and MicrobiologyAPC Microbiome IrelandNational University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Aurelie Poli
- Department of Infection and ImmunityLuxembourg Institute of HealthEsch‐sur‐AlzetteLuxembourg
| | - Frank A. Redegeld
- Division of PharmacologyFaculty of ScienceUtrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Franziska Roth‐Walter
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michelle C. Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal)BarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)MadridSpain
- McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk AssessmentUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Luca Vangelista
- Department of Biomedical SciencesNazarbayev University School of MedicineAstanaKazakhstan
| | - Sophia N. Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of DermatologySchool of Basic & Medical BiosciencesKing's College LondonGuy's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Erika Jensen‐Jarolim
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy ResearchCenter of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and ImmunologyMedical University ViennaViennaAustria
- Comparative MedicineThe Interuniversity Messerli Research InstituteUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaMedical University ViennaUniversity ViennaViennaAustria
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25
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Bauvois B, Susin SA. Revisiting Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) in Cancer: Saint or Sinner? Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10090336. [PMID: 30231474 PMCID: PMC6162539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a glycoprotein present in a wide variety of tissues and cell types. NGAL exists as a 25 kDa monomer, a 46 kDa homodimer (the most abundant form in healthy subjects) and a 130 kDa disulfide-linked heterodimer bound to latent matrix metalloproteinase-9. Dysregulated expression of NGAL in human malignancies suggests its value as a clinical marker. A growing body of evidence is highlighting NGAL’s paradoxical (i.e., both beneficial and detrimental) effects on cellular processes associated with tumor development (proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and multidrug resistance). At least two distinct cell surface receptors are identified for NGAL. This review (i) summarizes our current knowledge of NGAL’s expression profiles in solid tumors and leukemias, and (ii) critically evaluates the beneficial and detrimental activities of NGAL having been documented in a diverse range of cancer-derived cell lines. A better understanding of the causal relationships between NGAL dysregulation and tumor development will require a fine analysis of the molecular aspects and biological role(s) of NGAL both in primary tumors and at different stages of disease. Having an accurate picture of NGAL’s contribution to tumor progression is a prerequisite for attempting to modulate this protein as a putative therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Bauvois
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France.
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Santos A Susin
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cell Death and Drug Resistance in Lymphoproliferative Disorders Team, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, 75006 Paris, France.
- Sorbonne Universités Paris Cité, F-75006 Paris, France.
- Université Paris Descartes, F-75005 Paris, France.
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26
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NGAL promotes recruitment of tumor infiltrating leukocytes. Oncotarget 2018; 9:30761-30772. [PMID: 30112105 PMCID: PMC6089389 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is strongly expressed in thyroid carcinomas, especially of anaplastic type, where it protects neoplastic cells from serum deprivation-induced apoptosis and enhances tumor invasivity by regulating MMP-9 activity. Here we demonstrate that NGAL-containing conditioned medium from human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells is able to induce monocyte migration via up-regulation of a number of different chemokines. The enhanced chemokines transcription is due to the NGAL-mediated intracellular iron uptake. Very importantly, mice tumor allografts raised from subcutaneous injection of syngeneic colon carcinoma cell lines, expressing high levels of NGAL, show a dense leukocyte infiltrate which strongly decreases in tumor allografts from NGAL-depleted cell injected mice. Our results indicate that the NGAL promotes leukocytes recruitment in tumor microenvironment through iron-mediated chemokines production.
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27
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Zhang YL, Qiao SK, Wang RY, Guo XN. NGAL attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury through autophagy activation and apoptosis inhibition in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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28
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Kwon BS, Jeong DH, Byun JM, Lee TH, Choi KU, Song YJ, Suh DS, Kim KH. Prognostic value of preoperative lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:1127-1134. [PMID: 29675093 PMCID: PMC5907660 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to determine the prognostic significances of markers of preoperative systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). Methods: A total of 109 patients diagnosed with OCCC that underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy from 2009 to 2012 were enrolled in this retrospective study. SIR markers were calculated from complete blood cell counts determined before surgery. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine optimal cut-off values for neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Prognostic significances with respect to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were determined by Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: The optimized NLR, LMR and PLR cut-off values as determined by ROC curve analysis for PFS and OS were 2.3, 4.2, and 123.6, respectively. When the cohort was divided using these optimized cut-offs, NLR and LMR were found to be significantly associated with clinicopathologic factors, NLR with FIGO stage, the presence of malignant ascites, and platinum response, and LMR with FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, malignant ascites, and platinum response. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a high NLR (> 2.3) was significantly associated with low 5-year PFS and OS rates and that a high LMR was significantly associated with high 5-year PFS and OS rates. Multivariate analysis identified FIGO stage, residual mass, and platinum response as independent prognostic factors of PFS, and FIGO stage, residual mass, platinum response, and LMR as independent prognostic factors of OS. Conclusions: Markers of systemic inflammatory response provide useful prognostic information and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is the most reliable independent prognostic factor of overall survival in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Su Kwon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute and Pusan Cancer Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dae Hoon Jeong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Jung Mi Byun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Tae Hwa Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Kyung Un Choi
- Department of Pathology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, South Korea
| | - Yong Jung Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute and Pusan Cancer Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Dong Soo Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute and Pusan Cancer Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Ki Hyung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, and Biomedical Research Institute and Pusan Cancer Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute and Pusan Cancer Center, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, South Korea
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29
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Jensen-Jarolim E, Bax HJ, Bianchini R, Crescioli S, Daniels-Wells TR, Dombrowicz D, Fiebiger E, Gould HJ, Irshad S, Janda J, Josephs DH, Levi-Schaffer F, O'Mahony L, Pellizzari G, Penichet ML, Redegeld F, Roth-Walter F, Singer J, Untersmayr E, Vangelista L, Karagiannis SN. AllergoOncology: Opposite outcomes of immune tolerance in allergy and cancer. Allergy 2018; 73:328-340. [PMID: 28921585 PMCID: PMC6038916 DOI: 10.1111/all.13311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While desired for the cure of allergy, regulatory immune cell subsets and nonclassical Th2-biased inflammatory mediators in the tumour microenvironment can contribute to immune suppression and escape of tumours from immunological detection and clearance. A key aim in the cancer field is therefore to design interventions that can break immunological tolerance and halt cancer progression, whereas on the contrary allergen immunotherapy exactly aims to induce tolerance. In this position paper, we review insights on immune tolerance derived from allergy and from cancer inflammation, focusing on what is known about the roles of key immune cells and mediators. We propose that research in the field of AllergoOncology that aims to delineate these immunological mechanisms with juxtaposed clinical consequences in allergy and cancer may point to novel avenues for therapeutic interventions that stand to benefit both disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jensen-Jarolim
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H J Bax
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - R Bianchini
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Crescioli
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - T R Daniels-Wells
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D Dombrowicz
- INSERM, CHU Lille, European Genomic Institute of Diabetes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - Recepteurs Nucleaires, Maladies Cardiovasculaires et Diabete, Universite de Lille, Lille, France
| | - E Fiebiger
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research, Department Medicine Research, Childrens' University Hospital Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H J Gould
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S Irshad
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, UK
| | - J Janda
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D H Josephs
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - F Levi-Schaffer
- Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L O'Mahony
- Molecular Immunology, Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, Davos, Switzerland
| | - G Pellizzari
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - M L Penichet
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Centre, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - F Redegeld
- Faculty of Science, Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - F Roth-Walter
- The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna, University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Centre of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Singer
- Centre of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Untersmayr
- Centre of Pathophysiology, Infectiology & Immunology, Institute of Pathophysiology & Allergy Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Vangelista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - S N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Cancer Centre, London, UK
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30
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Naudé PJW, Dekens DW, Eisel ULM, den Daas I, De Deyn PP. Dynamics of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin plasma and cerebrospinal fluid concentrations in older males. Eur J Clin Invest 2017; 47. [PMID: 29082525 DOI: 10.1111/eci.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is an inflammatory protein with gaining increasing interest for its use as marker in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for several chronic diseases. Its biochemical properties make it an attractive marker. However, changes in blood and CSF NGAL concentrations during the diurnal rhythm in the elderly are unknown. This information is important for its optimal use as marker in studies with older people. METHODS Serial paired plasma and CSF samples were obtained from 8 healthy elderly males over a 30-hour period. NGAL and cortisol were quantified with ELISA. RESULTS No significant changes in plasma and CSF NGAL concentrations over time were found, whereas cortisol (included as internal control) concentrations displayed significant changes over time. Significant circadian patterns were found for plasma NGAL and for cortisol in both plasma and CSF. However, CSF NGAL concentrations did not follow a diurnal pattern in elderly males. CONCLUSIONS This study illustrates the temporal regulation of NGAL in plasma and CSF, which potentially is a useful reference for studies measuring NGAL as biomarker in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petrus J W Naudé
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Doortje W Dekens
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich L M Eisel
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University Center of Psychiatry & Interdisciplinary Center of Psychopathology of Emotion Regulation, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Peter P De Deyn
- Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Research Center, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behaviour, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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31
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Chu Y, Lai YH, Lee MC, Yeh YJ, Wu YK, Tsao W, Huang CY, Wu S. Calsyntenin-1, clusterin and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin are candidate serological biomarkers for lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107964-107976. [PMID: 29296216 PMCID: PMC5746118 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been drawn attention that secreted proteins with signal peptide from cancer cells provide new potential biomarkers of cancer. In this study, three lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and serum samples from 20 patients were used for identifying potential serologic tumor biomarker with proteomic and bioinformatics approaches. One-dimensional electrophoresis, and identified with mass spectrometry and database research were performed. We found17 secreted proteins in common, while another 17 proteins with signal peptide were identified in all three lung adenocarcinoma cell lines alone with patient samples. With matching these two groups of identified proteins, calsyntenin-1 (CLSTN1), clusterin (CLU) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) were found highly secreted from both cell lines and serum with unique signal peptides. Therefore, in our study, we demonstrated that cancer cells secret specific proteins to the environment that may serve as unique markers for cancer diagnosis. To combination of proteomic study with bioinformatic prediction on signal peptides, higher expression level of CLSTN1, CLU and NGAL were found and may be new solid serologic biomarkers for patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Chu
- Department of Medical Research and Development, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Heng Lai
- Department of Chemistry, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Lee
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Yeh
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA
| | - Yao-Kuang Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wayne Tsao
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yao Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Semon Wu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Life Science, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wu J, Guo Z, Gao Y. Dynamic changes of urine proteome in a Walker 256 tumor-bearing rat model. Cancer Med 2017; 6:2713-2722. [PMID: 28980450 PMCID: PMC5673914 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer treatments, early diagnosis of cancer is still the most promising way to improve outcomes. Without homeostatic control, urine reflects systemic changes in the body and can potentially be used for early detection of cancer. In this study, a tumor-bearing rat model was established by subcutaneous injection of Walker 256 cells. Urine samples from tumor-bearing rats were collected at five time points during cancer development. Dynamic urine proteomes were profiled using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Several urine proteins that changed at multiple time points were selected as candidate cancer biomarkers and were further validated by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) analysis. It was found that the urinary protein patterns changed significantly with cancer development in a tumor-bearing rat model. A total of 10 urinary proteins (HPT, APOA4, CO4, B2MG, A1AG, CATC, VCAM1, CALB1, CSPG4, and VTDB) changed significantly even before a tumor mass was palpable, and these early changes in urine could also be identified with differential abundance at late stages of cancer. Our results indicate that urine proteins could enable early detection of cancer at an early onset of tumor growth and monitoring of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Zhengguang Guo
- Core Facility of Instrument, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Youhe Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Spleen-derived lipocalin-2 in the portal vein regulates Kupffer cells activation and attenuates the development of liver fibrosis in mice. J Transl Med 2017; 97:890-902. [PMID: 28504685 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver has an immune tolerance against gut-derived products from the portal vein (PV). A disruption of the gut-liver axis leads to liver injury and fibrosis. The spleen is connected to the PV and regulates immune functions. However, possible splenic effects on liver fibrosis development are unclear. Lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) is an antimicrobial protein that regulates macrophage activation. To clarify the role of the spleen in liver fibrosis development, we induced liver fibrosis in mice after splenectomy, and investigated liver fibrosis development. Liver fibrosis resulted in significantly increased splenic Lcn2 levels, but all other measured cytokine levels were unchanged. Splenectomized mice showed enhanced liver fibrosis and inflammation accompanied by significantly decreased Lcn2 levels in PV. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated primary Kupffer cells, resident liver macrophages, which were treated with recombinant Lcn2 (rLcn2) produced less tumor necrosis factor-α and Ccl2 and the activation of hepatic stellate cells, the effector cells for collagen production in the liver, was suppressed by co-culture with rLcn2-treated Kupffer cells. In addition, the involvement of gut-derived products in splenectomized mice was evaluated by gut sterilization. Interestingly, gut sterilization blocked the effect of splenectomy on liver fibrosis development. In conclusion, spleen deficiency accelerated liver fibrosis development and decreased PV Lcn2 levels. The mechanism of splenic protection against liver fibrosis development may involve the splenic Lcn2, triggered by gut-derived products that enter the liver through the PV, regulates Kupffer cells activated by the gut-liver axis. Thus, the splenic Lcn2 may have an important role in regulating the immune tolerance of the liver in liver fibrosis development.
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Analytical validation of Gentian NGAL particle-enhanced enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA). Pract Lab Med 2017; 8:60-64. [PMID: 28856229 PMCID: PMC5575407 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was designed to validate the analytical performance of the new Gentian particle-enhanced enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay (PETIA) for measuring neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in serum samples. Design and methods Analytical validation of the Gentian NGAL assay was carried out on a Roche Cobas c501 and was based on assessment of limit of blank (LOB), limit of detection (LOD), functional sensitivity, imprecision, linearity and concordance with the BioPorto NGAL test. Results The LOB and LOD of Gentian NGAL were found to be 3.8 ng/mL and 6.3 ng/mL, respectively. An analytical coefficient of variation (CV) of 20% corresponded to a NGAL value of 10 ng/mL. The intra-assay and inter-assay imprecision (CV) was between 0.4 and 5.2% and 0.6 and 7.1% and the total imprecision (CV) was 3.7%. The linearity was optimal at NGAL concentrations between 37 and 1420 ng/mL (r=1.00; p<0.001). An excellent correlation was observed between values measured with Gentian NGAL and BioPorto NGAL in 74 routine serum samples (r=0.993). The mean percentage bias of the Gentian assay versus the Bioporto assay was +3.1% (95% CI, +1.6% to +4.5%). Conclusions These results show that Gentian NGAL may be a viable option to other commercial immunoassays for both routine and urgent assessment of serum NGAL.
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Muşlu N, Ercan B, Akbayır S, Balcı Ş, Ovla HD, Bozlu M. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a screening test in prostate cancer. Turk J Urol 2017; 43:30-35. [PMID: 28270948 PMCID: PMC5330265 DOI: 10.5152/tud.2016.08941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prostate specific antigen (PSA) with digital rectal examination is used for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa), where definite diagnosis can only be made by prostate biopsy. Recently neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a lipocalin family member glycoprotein, come into prominence as a cancer biomarker. This study is aimed to test serum NGAL as a diagnostic biomarker for PCa and discriminate PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). MATERIAL AND METHODS In this prospective study, 90 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided 12-core prostate biopsy between May 2015 and September 2015, were evaluated. Histopathologically diagnosed 45 PCa and 45 BPH patients were enrolled in this study. Serum NGAL and PSA levels of all participants were measured, then these data were evaluated by statistical programs. RESULTS When sensitivity fixed to 80% specificity of NGAL was better than PSA (49%, 31% respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that NGAL alone or its combined use with PSA have better area under curve (AUC) results than PSA alone (0.662, 0.693, and 0.623 respectively). CONCLUSION In conclusion NGAL gave promising results such as increased sensitivity and a better AUC values in order to distinguish PCa from BPH. NGAL showed a potential to be a non-invasive biomarker which may decrease the number of unnecessary biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Necati Muşlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Bahadır Ercan
- Department of Biochemistry, Dicle University School of Medicine, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Serin Akbayır
- Karaman State Hospital, Biochemistry Laboratory, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Şenay Balcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - H. Didem Ovla
- Department of Biostatistics Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Murat Bozlu
- Department of Urology, Mersin University School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey
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Li GJ, Ji JJ, Yang F, Xu HW, Bai Y. Preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio predicts survival in primary hepatitis B virus-positive hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1181-1189. [PMID: 28260933 PMCID: PMC5328305 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s110411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both inflammation and immunity are associated with the development of malignancy. The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) has been confirmed as a prognostic factor for several malignant diseases. The purpose of our study was to analyze prognostic significance of preoperative LMR in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection. Patients and methods A total of 253 patients with primary HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent a curative operation were enrolled in this retrospective study. The relationship between preoperative LMR and survival outcomes was analyzed through Kaplan–Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results Patients with a high LMR had a significantly higher mean overall survival than those with a low LMR (67 months vs 55 months, P=0.023), and high LMR remained significant for longer survival in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 0.147; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.085–0.253; P=0.021). Furthermore, patients with a high LMR also had a higher median recurrence-free survival than those with a low LMR in univariate analyses (60 months vs 48 months, P=0.026) and multivariate analyses (hazard ratio, 0.317; 95% CI: 0.042–1.023; P=0.032). However, the survival benefit was limited to patients with advanced cancer. Conclusion LMR was confirmed as an independent prognostic biomarker for primary HBV-positive hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yu Bai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xin-Xiang Medical University, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Diagnostic Value of Urine Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein 7 for Acute Kidney Injury: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170214. [PMID: 28107490 PMCID: PMC5249150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-7 (IGFBP7) are both involved in renal tubular epithelial cell cycle arrest in acute kidney injury (AKI). Several recent studies showed that urine TIMP-2 times IGFBP7 ([TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7]) is a promising biomarker to predict AKI. Methods The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the diagnostic value of urine [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] for early diagnosis of AKI. Relevant studies were retrieved from the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. The sensitivity and specificity were determined, and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were constructed. Results Ten full-text prospective studies were included in this meta-analysis. The estimated sensitivity of urine [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] for the early diagnosis of AKI was 0.84 (95% CI = 0.80–0.88) and the specificity was 0.57 (95%CI = 0.55–0.60). The SROC analysis showed an area under the curve of 0.8813. Limitation The limited number of included studies, small sample size, unpublished negative results and language limitation might have affected the evaluation. Conclusion Urine [TIMP-2]*[IGFBP7] is a promising candidate for early detection of AKI, especially in ruling-out AKI. However, the potential of this biomarker should be validated in larger studies with a broader spectrum of clinical settings.
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Meng L, Wang M, Du Z, Fang Z, Wu B, Wu J, Xie W, Shen J, Zhu T, Xu X, Liao L, Xu L, Li E, Lan B. Cell Signaling Pathway in 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-Induced LCN2 Gene Transcription in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:9592501. [PMID: 29098164 PMCID: PMC5642883 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9592501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
LCN2 is involved in various cellular functions, including transport of small hydrophobic molecules, protection of MMP9 from proteolytic degradation, and regulating innate immunity. LCN2 is elevated in multiple human cancers, frequently being associated with tumor size, stage, and invasiveness. Our previous studies have shown that LCN2 expression could be induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by the binding of five nucleoproteins (MISP, KLF10, KLF15, PPP1R18, and RXRβ) at a novel TPA-responsive element (TRE), at -152~-60 bp of the 5' flanking region of the LCN2 promoter. However, much is unknown about whether these proteins can respond to TPA stimulation to regulate LCN2 transactivation and which cell signaling pathways mediate this process. In this study, expression plasmids encoding these five nucleoproteins were stably transfected into EC109 cells. Then, stable transfectant was characterized by a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. RT-PCR, real-time PCR, western blotting, specific kinase inhibitor treatment, and bioinformatics analyses were applied in this study. We found that MISP, KLF10, KLF15, PPP1R18, and RXRβ proteins could strongly respond to TPA stimulation and activate LCN2 transcriptional expression. MEK, ERK, JNK, and P38 kinases were involved in the LCN2 transactivation. Furthermore, the MEK-ERK signal pathway plays a major role in this biological process but does not involve PKCα signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingying Meng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Muting Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Zepeng Du
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Zhongmin Fang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Bingli Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Jianyi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Wenming Xie
- Network and Information Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Tianxiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - XieE Xu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Liandi Liao
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Bin Lan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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Haneda S, Nagaoka K, Nambo Y, Kikuchi M, Nakano Y, Li J, Matsui M, Miyake YI, Imakawa K. Expression of uterine lipocalin 2 and its receptor during early- to mid-pregnancy period in mares. J Reprod Dev 2016; 63:127-133. [PMID: 27980236 PMCID: PMC5401805 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2016-096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
From previous cDNA subtraction studies analyzing gene expression in equine endometrium, high lipocalin 2 (LCN2) mRNA expression was found in the gravid endometrium. In the uterus, LCN2 may transport hydrophobic
molecules and siderophores with iron, or may form a complex with another protein, however, the expression of uterine LCN2 beyond day 20 of equine pregnancy and its receptor has not been characterized. To study the expression and
potential roles of uterine LCN2 from pre-implantation to mid-gestation period, stage-specific endometrial samples were obtained from day 13 (day 0 = ovulation) cyclic and days 13, 19, 25, and 60 to 131 pregnant mares. Expression
of LCN2 mRNA increased in day 19 gravid endometrium and was abundant from day 60 onward. The expression of LCN2 mRNA was localized to the glandular epithelium. LCN2 protein was detected in day 25
gravid endometrium and luminal fluid, and the protein was localized to the glandular epithelium and luminal cavity, whereas LCN2 receptor expression was found in luminal and glandular epithelium and trophectoderm throughout the
experimental period. The presence of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) was also examined because MMP9 is known to form a complex with LCN2. Although MMP9 and LCN2 were both found in luminal fluid from day 25 pregnant uterus, the
complex of these proteins was not detected. Localization of the receptor in the trophectoderm suggests that endometrial LCN2 could play a role in carrying small substances from the mother to fetus in the equine species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Haneda
- Department of Applied Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Nagaoka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 183-0057, Japan
| | - Yasuo Nambo
- Department of Applied Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Kikuchi
- Chiba Agricultural Insurance Association, Chiba 260-0031, Japan
| | - Yasuko Nakano
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
| | - Junyou Li
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
| | - Motozumi Matsui
- Department of Applied Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yo-Ichi Miyake
- Department of Applied Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
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Expression of PAX8 Target Genes in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156658. [PMID: 27249794 PMCID: PMC4889154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PAX8 is a thyroid-specific transcription factor whose expression is dysregulated in thyroid cancer. A recent study using a conditional knock-out mouse model identified 58 putative PAX8 target genes. In the present study, we evaluated the expression of 11 of these genes in normal and tumoral thyroid tissues from patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). ATP1B1, GPC3, KCNIP3, and PRLR transcript levels in tumor tissues were significantly lower in PTCs than in NT, whereas LCN2, LGALS1 and SCD1 expression was upregulated in PTC compared with NT. Principal component analysis of the expression of the most markedly dysregulated PAX8 target genes was able to discriminate between PTC and NT. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess levels of proteins encoded by the two most dyregulated PAX8 target genes, LCN2 and GPC3. Interestingly, GPC3 was detectable in all of the NT samples but none of the PTC samples. Collectively, these findings point to significant PTC-associated dysregulation of several PAX8 target genes, supporting the notion that PAX8-regulated molecular cascades play important roles during thyroid tumorigenesis.
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Li GJ, Xu HW, Ji JJ, Yang F, Gao BQ. Prognostic value of preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1085-92. [PMID: 27042101 PMCID: PMC4780182 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s96707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation and immunity have an important role in the development of cancer. The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) has been shown to be of prognostic value in several malignant forms. The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic significance of preoperative LMR in post-curative resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. METHODS A total of 144 patients with primary pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent curative operation were enrolled in this retrospective study. The correlation between preoperative LMR and survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves and multivariate Cox regression analyses. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, an elevated preoperative LMR was significantly associated with an increased overall survival (OS) (19 months vs 12 months, P=0.000), and this result remained significant in the multivariate analysis (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.148; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.085-0.252; P=0.000). Furthermore, patients with high LMR also had higher median recurrence-free survival (RFS) than patients with low LMR in univariate (18 months vs 10 months, P=0.000) and multivariate analyses (HR: 0.148; 95% CI: 0.085-0.252; P=0.000). Subgroup analyses showed that both patients with stage III cancer and patients with stage I+II cancer can obtain OS and RFS benefits from high LMR. CONCLUSION LMR can be considered as an independent prognostic biomarker for operable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Jun Li
- First Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xin-Xiang Medical University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei Xu
- First Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xin-Xiang Medical University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan-Juan Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xin-Xiang Medical University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xin-Xiang Medical University, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Qin Gao
- First Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xin-Xiang Medical University, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Bao GH, Ho CT, Barasch J. The Ligands of Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin. RSC Adv 2015; 5:104363-104374. [PMID: 27617081 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18736b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), was originally identified in neutrophil granules as a heterodimer complex with gelatinase B (matrix metalloproteinase 9, MMP9), but more recently has been found to be secreted by damaged epithelial cells. Ngal is a member of the lipocalin family and subsequently named as lipocalin 2 on the basis of structural similarity with other members of the lipocalin family and its potential association with hydrophobic retinol and cholesterol oleate more strongly than their hydrophilic counterparts. In 2002, a landmark paper suggested that Ngal is a bacteriostatic agent which blocks iron acquisition by interacting with a number of bacterial siderophores, especially enterobactin. Since then, more siderophore-carrying functions have been reported than the possibility of hydrophobic ligand transport. In this setting, Ngal was renamed Siderocalin. Functions of siderocalin include not only bacteriostatic activity but potentially as a mediator of cell growth and differentiation; some of these functions appear to be referable to the holo siderocalin:siderophore:iron complex and recent work suggests that metabolic products may act as mammalian siderophores bound by Ngal. While still speculative, it may be that the mammalian siderophores can establish the missing link between Ngal and a number of its functions in vivo. This review provides an overview of the discoveries of the different ligands of Ngal and consequently related functions. Hydrophobic ligands, bacterial siderophores as well as their modified structures (synthetic siderophores), and mammalian siderophores are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Hu Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Biotechnology Building 214, Anhui Agricultural University, China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Biotechnology Building 214, Anhui Agricultural University, China; Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901-8520, United States
| | - Jonathan Barasch
- College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, USA
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Hamilton G, Rath B, Klameth L, Hochmair MJ. Small cell lung cancer: Recruitment of macrophages by circulating tumor cells. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1093277. [PMID: 27141354 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1093277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in tumor progression, suppression of antitumor immunity and dissemination. Blood monocytes infiltrate the tumor region and are primed by local microenvironmental conditions to promote tumor growth and invasion. Although many of the interacting cytokines and factors are known for the tumor-macrophage interactions, the putative contribution of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is not known so far. These specialized cells are characterized by increased mobility, ability to degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to enter the blood stream and generate secondary lesions which is a leading cause of death for the majority of tumor patients. The first establishment of two permanent CTC lines, namely BHGc7 and 10, from blood samples of advanced stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients allowed us to investigate the CTC-immune cell interaction. Cocultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) with CTCs or addition of CTC-conditioned medium (CTC-CM) in vitro resulted in monocyte-macrophage differentiation and appearance of CD14+, CD163weak and CD68+ macrophages expressing markers of TAMs. Furthermore, we screened the supernatants of CTC-primed macrophages for presence of approximately 100 cytokines and compared the expression with those induced by the local metastatic SCLC26A cell line. Macrophages recruited by SCLC26A-CM showed expression of osteopontin (OPN), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), IL-8, chitinase3-like 1 (CHI3L1), platelet factor (Pf4), IL-1ra and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) among other minor cytokines/chemokines. In contrast, BHGc7-CM induced marked overexpression of complement factor D (CFD)/adipsin and vitamin D-BP (VDBP), as well as increased secretion of OPN, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), CHI3L1, uPAR, MIP-1 and GDF-15/MIC-1. BHGc10, derived independently from relapsed SCLC, revealed an almost identical pattern with added expression of ENA-78/CXCL5. CMs of the non-tumor HEK293 cell line revealed no induction of macrophages, whereas incubation of PBMNCs with recombinant CHI3L1 gave positive results. Thus, the specific contributions of CTCs in SCLC affect CFD/adipsin, possibly involved in immunity/cachexia, VDBP which gives rise to group-specific component protein-derived macrophage-activating factor (GcMAF), GDF-15/MIC-1 which enhances the malignant phenotype of tumor cells and ENA-78/CXCL5 which attracts angiogenic neutrophils. In conclusion, CTCs are competent to specifically manipulate TAMs to increase invasiveness, angiogenesis, immunosuppression and possibly lipid catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Hamilton
- Department of Surgery, Medical University Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Rath
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology , Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Klameth
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster of Translational Oncology , Vienna, Austria
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The Mycoplasma hyorhinis p37 Protein Rapidly Induces Genes in Fibroblasts Associated with Inflammation and Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0140753. [PMID: 26512722 PMCID: PMC4626034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The p37 protein at the surface of Mycoplasma hyorhinis cells forms part of a high-affinity transport system and has been found associated with animal and human cancers. Here we show in NIH3T3 fibroblasts, p37 rapidly induces the expression of genes implicated in inflammation and cancer progression. This gene activation was principally via the Tlr4 receptor. Activity was lost from p37 when the C-terminal 20 amino acids were removed or the four amino acids specific for the hydrogen bonding of thiamine pyrophosphate had been replaced by valine. Blocking the IL6 receptor or inhibiting STAT3 signalling resulted in increased p37-induced gene expression. Since cancer associated fibroblasts support growth, invasion and metastasis via their ability to regulate tumour-related inflammation, the rapid induction in fibroblasts of pro-inflammatory genes by p37 might be expected to influence cancer development.
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45
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Zhang M, Zhao X, Deng Y, Tang B, Sun Q, Zhang Q, Chen W, Yao D, Yang J, Cao L, Guo H. Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin is an Independent Predictor of Poor Prognosis in Cases of Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Urol 2015; 194:647-52. [PMID: 25916675 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongming Deng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- Vazyme Biotech Co., Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongwei Yao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Cao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Lee CH, Woo YC, Wang Y, Yeung CY, Xu A, Lam KSL. Obesity, adipokines and cancer: an update. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 83:147-56. [PMID: 25393563 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity causes dysfunction of adipose tissue, with resultant chronic inflammation and adverse interplay of various adipokines, sex steroids and endocrine hormones. All these drive tumourigenesis and explain the epidemiological link between obesity and cancer. Over the past decade, the associations among obesity, adipokines and cancer have been increasingly recognized. Adipokines and their respective signalling pathways have drawn much research attention in the field of oncology and cancer therapeutics. This review will discuss the recent advances in the understanding of the association of several adipokines with common obesity-related cancers and the clinical therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y C Woo
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C Y Yeung
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K S L Lam
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Du ZP, Wu BL, Wu X, Lin XH, Qiu XY, Zhan XF, Wang SH, Shen JH, Zheng CP, Wu ZY, Xu LY, Wang D, Li EM. A systematic analysis of human lipocalin family and its expression in esophageal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12010. [PMID: 26131602 PMCID: PMC4487233 DOI: 10.1038/srep12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipocalin proteins (lipocalins) are a large family of small proteins characterized by low sequence similarity and highly conserved crystal structures. Lipocalins have been found to play important roles in many human diseases. For this reason, a systemic analysis of the molecular properties of human lipocalins is essential. In this study, human lipocalins were found to contain four structurally conserved regions (SCRs) and could be divided into two subgroups. A human lipocalin protein-protein interaction network (PPIN) was constructed and integrated with their expression data in esophageal carcinoma. Many lipocalins showed obvious co-expression patterns in esophageal carcinoma. Their subcellular distributions also suggested these lipocalins may transfer signals from the extracellular space to the nucleus using the pathway-like paths. These analyses also expanded our knowledge about this human ancient protein family in the background of esophageal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Peng Du
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Bing-Li Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xuan-Hao Lin
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Shao-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jin-Hui Shen
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chun-Peng Zheng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150000, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Lipocalin produced by myelofibrosis cells affects the fate of both hematopoietic and marrow microenvironmental cells. Blood 2015; 126:972-82. [PMID: 26022238 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-12-618595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is characterized by cytopenias, constitutional symptoms, splenomegaly, and marrow histopathological abnormalities (fibrosis, increased microvessel density, and osteosclerosis). The microenvironmental abnormalities are likely a consequence of the elaboration of a variety of inflammatory cytokines generated by malignant megakaryocytes and monocytes. We observed that levels of a specific inflammatory cytokine, lipocalin-2 (LCN2), were elevated in the plasmas of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MF > polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia) and that LCN2 was elaborated by MF myeloid cells. LCN2 generates increased reactive oxygen species, leading to increased DNA strand breaks and apoptosis of normal, but not MF, CD34(+) cells. Furthermore, incubation of marrow adherent cells or mesenchymal stem cells with LCN2 increased the generation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts, but not adipocytes. LCN2 priming of mesenchymal stem cells resulted in the upregulation of RUNX2 gene as well as other genes that are capable of further affecting osteoblastogenesis, angiogenesis, and the deposition of matrix proteins. These data indicate that LCN2 is an additional MF inflammatory cytokine that likely contributes to the creation of a cascade of events that results in not only a predominance of the MF clone but also a dysfunctional microenvironment.
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