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Hagar FF, Abbas SH, Atef E, Abdelhamid D, Abdel-Aziz M. Benzimidazole scaffold as a potent anticancer agent with different mechanisms of action (2016-2023). Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8. [PMID: 39031290 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Benzimidazole scaffolds have potent anticancer activity due to their structure similarity to nucleoside. In addition, benzimidazoles could function as hydrogen donors or acceptors and bind to different drug targets that participate in cancer progression. The literature had many anticancer agents containing benzimidazole cores that gained much interest. Provoked by our endless interest in benzimidazoles as anticancer agents, we summarized the successful trials of the benzimidazole scaffolds in this concern. Moreover, we discuss the substantial opportunities in cancer treatment using benzimidazole-based drugs that may direct medicinal chemists for a compelling future design of more active chemotherapeutic agents with potential clinical applications. The uniqueness of this work lies in the highlighted benzimidazole scaffold hybridization with different molecules and benzimidazole-metal complexes, detailed mechanisms of action, and the IC50 of the developed compounds determined by different laboratories after 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Fouad Hagar
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Eman Atef
- College of Pharmacy, West Coast University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
- Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ohio, USA.
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Sasso-Cerri E, Martinelli VD, de Oliveira SA, da Silva AAS, de Moraes JCG, Cerri PS. Submandibular Gland Pathogenesis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Implications for Xerostomia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6820. [PMID: 38999930 PMCID: PMC11241347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Although SARS-CoV-2 induces mucin hypersecretion in the respiratory tract, hyposalivation/xerostomia has been reported by COVID-19 patients. We evaluate the submandibular gland (SMGs) pathogenesis in SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice, focusing on the impact of infection on the mucin production and structural integrity of acini, ductal system, myoepithelial cells (MECs) and telocytes. The spike protein, the nucleocapsid protein, hACE2, actin, EGF, TNF-α and IL-1β were detected by immunofluorescence, and the Egfr and Muc5b expression was evaluated. In the infected animals, significant acinar hypertrophy was observed in contrast to ductal atrophy. Nucleocapsid proteins and/or viral particles were detected in the SMG cells, mainly in the nuclear membrane-derived vesicles, confirming the nuclear role in the viral formation. The acinar cells showed intense TNF-α and IL-1β immunoexpression, and the EGF-EGFR signaling increased, together with Muc5b upregulation. This finding explains mucin hypersecretion and acinar hypertrophy, which compress the ducts. Dying MECs and actin reduction were also observed, indicating failure of contraction and acinar support, favoring acinar hypertrophy. Viral assembly was found in the dying telocytes, pointing to these intercommunicating cells as viral transmitters in SMGs. Therefore, EGF-EGFR-induced mucin hypersecretion was triggered by SARS-CoV-2 in acinar cells, likely mediated by cytokines. The damage to telocytes and MECs may have favored the acinar hypertrophy, leading to ductal obstruction, explaining xerostomia in COVID-19 patients. Thus, acinar cells, telocytes and MECs may be viral targets, which favor replication and cell-to-cell viral transmission in the SMG, corroborating the high viral load in saliva of infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Sasso-Cerri
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School–São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (V.D.M.); (J.C.G.d.M.)
| | - Vitor Dallacqua Martinelli
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School–São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (V.D.M.); (J.C.G.d.M.)
| | - Salmo Azambuja de Oliveira
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil; (S.A.d.O.); (A.A.S.d.S.)
| | - André Acácio Souza da Silva
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-900, Brazil; (S.A.d.O.); (A.A.S.d.S.)
| | - Juliana Cerini Grassi de Moraes
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School–São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (V.D.M.); (J.C.G.d.M.)
| | - Paulo Sérgio Cerri
- Laboratory of Histology and Embryology, Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Dental School–São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-903, Brazil; (V.D.M.); (J.C.G.d.M.)
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Gulia S, Chandra P, Das A. The Prognosis of Cancer Depends on the Interplay of Autophagy, Apoptosis, and Anoikis within the Tumor Microenvironment. Cell Biochem Biophys 2023; 81:621-658. [PMID: 37787970 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-023-01179-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment, the fight between the immune system and cancer influences tumor transformation. Metastasis formation is an important stage in the progression of cancer. This process is aided by cellular detachment and resistance to anoikis, which are achieved by altering intercellular signaling. Autophagy, specifically pro-survival autophagy, aids cancer cells in developing treatment resistance. Numerous studies have shown that autophagy promotes tumor growth and resistance to anoikis. To regulate protective autophagy, cancer-related genes phosphorylate both pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Apoptosis, a type of controlled cell death, eliminates damaged or unwanted cells. Anoikis is a type of programmed cell death in which cells lose contact with the extracellular matrix. The dysregulation of these cellular pathways promotes tumor growth and spread. Apoptosis, anoikis, and autophagy interact meticulously and differently depending on the cellular circumstances. For instance, autophagy can protect cancer cells from apoptosis by removing cellular components that are damaged and might otherwise trigger apoptotic pathways. Similarly, anoikis dysregulation can trigger autophagy by causing cellular harm and metabolic stress. In order to prevent or treat metastatic disease, specifically, targeting these cellular mechanisms may present a promising prospect for cancer therapy. This review discourses the state of our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor transformation and the establishment of metastatic tumors. To enhance the prognosis for cancer, we highlight and discuss potential therapeutic approaches that target these processes and genes involved in them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Gulia
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Prakash Chandra
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Asmita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Main Bawana Road, Delhi, 110042, India.
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Jeong J, Hwang YE, Lee M, Keum S, Song S, Kim JW, Choi JH, Rhee S. Downregulation of AP1S1 causes the lysosomal degradation of EGFR in non-small cell lung cancer. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2335-2347. [PMID: 37659097 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix stiffness has been shown to play a critical role in cancer progression by influencing various cellular processes, including epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of adaptor-related protein complex 1 subunit sigma 1 (AP1S1), a component of adaptor protein complex-1, in the regulation of EGF receptor (EGFR) intracellular trafficking during cancer cell progression. We found that AP1S1 expression was upregulated under stiff matrix conditions, resulting in the regulation of EGFR trafficking in non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma cells. Knockout of AP1S1 caused the lysosomal degradation of EGFR, leading to suppressed EGF-induced anaplastic lymphoma receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation. In addition, the downregulation of AP1S1 increased the sensitivity of H1975 cancer cells, which are resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, to erlotinib. Collectively, our results suggest that AP1S1 could regulate EGFR recycling under stiff matrix conditions, and AP1S1 inhibition could be a novel strategy for treating cancer cells resistant to EGFR-targeted anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangho Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Eun Hwang
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minwoo Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seula Keum
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongeun Song
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Woong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hye Choi
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmyung Rhee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kamentseva RS, Kharchenko MV, Gabdrahmanova GV, Kotov MA, Kosheverova VV, Kornilova ES. EGF, TGF- α and Amphiregulin Differently Regulate Endometrium-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13408. [PMID: 37686213 PMCID: PMC10487484 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The prototypical receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is regulated by a set of its ligands, which determines the specificity of signaling and intracellular fate of the receptor. The EGFR signaling system is well characterized in immortalized cell lines such as HeLa derived from tumor tissues, but much less is known about EGFR function in untransformed multipotent stromal/stem cells (MSCs). We compared the effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) and amphiregulin (AREG) on physiological responses in endometrial MSCs (enMSC) and HeLa cells. In addition, using Western blotting and confocal microscopy, we studied the internalization and degradation of EGFR stimulated by the three ligands in these cell lines. We demonstrated that unlike HeLa, EGF and TGF-α, but not AREG, stimulated enMSC proliferation and prevented decidual differentiation in an EGFR-dependent manner. In HeLa cells, EGF targeted EGFR for degradation, while TGF-α stimulated its recycling. Surprisingly, in enMSC, both ligands caused EGFR degradation. In both cell lines, AREG-EGFR internalization was not registered. In HeLa cells, EGFR was degraded within 2 h, restoring its level in 24 h, while in enMSC, degradation took more than 4-8 h, and the low EGFR level persisted for several days. This indicates that EGFR homeostasis in MSCs may differ significantly from that in immortalized cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimma Sergeevna Kamentseva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (M.V.K.); (V.V.K.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Marianna Viktorovna Kharchenko
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (M.V.K.); (V.V.K.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Gulnara Vladikovna Gabdrahmanova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (M.V.K.); (V.V.K.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Michael Alexandrovich Kotov
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (M.V.K.); (V.V.K.); (E.S.K.)
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Hlopina St. 11, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Vera Vladislavovna Kosheverova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (M.V.K.); (V.V.K.); (E.S.K.)
| | - Elena Sergeevna Kornilova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia; (M.V.K.); (V.V.K.); (E.S.K.)
- Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya Embankment, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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Tito C, Genovese I, Giamogante F, Benedetti A, Miglietta S, Barazzuol L, Cristiano L, Iaiza A, Carolini S, De Angelis L, Masciarelli S, Nottola SA, Familiari G, Petrozza V, Lauriola M, Tamagnone L, Ilari A, Calì T, Valdivia HH, Valdivia CR, Colotti G, Fazi F. Sorcin promotes migration in cancer and regulates the EGF-dependent EGFR signaling pathways. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:202. [PMID: 37442828 PMCID: PMC10345051 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04850-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one of the main tumor drivers and is an important therapeutic target for many cancers. Calcium is important in EGFR signaling pathways. Sorcin is one of the most important calcium sensor proteins, overexpressed in many tumors, that promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, malignant progression and resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. The present work elucidates a functional mechanism that links calcium homeostasis to EGFR signaling in cancer. Sorcin and EGFR expression are significantly correlated and associated with reduced overall survival in cancer patients. Mechanistically, Sorcin directly binds EGFR protein in a calcium-dependent fashion and regulates calcium (dys)homeostasis linked to EGF-dependent EGFR signaling. Moreover, Sorcin controls EGFR proteostasis and signaling and increases its phosphorylation, leading to increased EGF-dependent migration and invasion. Of note, silencing of Sorcin cooperates with EGFR inhibitors in the regulation of migration, highlighting calcium signaling pathway as an exploitable target to enhance the effectiveness of EGFR-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Tito
- Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Genovese
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, IBPM-CNR, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Giamogante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Benedetti
- Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Selenia Miglietta
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Barazzuol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Loredana Cristiano
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessia Iaiza
- Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabatino Carolini
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, IBPM-CNR, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana De Angelis
- Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Masciarelli
- Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Annarita Nottola
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Familiari
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Petrozza
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Mattia Lauriola
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Histology and Embryology Unit - Catholic University of the Sacred Hearth, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Ilari
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, IBPM-CNR, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Hector H. Valdivia
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Carmen R. Valdivia
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA
| | - Gianni Colotti
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Italian National Research Council, IBPM-CNR, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazi
- Section of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Via A. Scarpa, 14-16, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Dixit G, Gonzalez‐Bosquet J, Skurski J, Devor EJ, Dickerson EB, Nothnick WB, Issuree PD, Leslie KK, Maretzky T. FGFR2 mutations promote endometrial cancer progression through dual engagement of EGFR and Notch signalling pathways. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1223. [PMID: 37165578 PMCID: PMC10172618 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the receptor tyrosine kinase gene fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) occur at a high frequency in endometrial cancer (EC) and have been linked to advanced and recurrent disease. However, little is known about how these mutations drive carcinogenesis. METHODS Differential transcriptomic analysis and two-step quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays were applied to identify genes differentially expressed in two cohorts of EC patients carrying mutations in the FGFR2 gene as well as in EC cells harbouring mutations in the FGFR2. Candidate genes and target signalling pathways were investigated by qRT-PCR assays, immunohistochemistry and bioinformatics analysis. The functional roles of differently regulated genes were analysed using in vitro and in vivo experiments, including 3D-orthotypic co-culture systems, cell proliferation and migration protocols, as well as colony and focus formation assays together with murine xenograft tumour models. The molecular mechanisms were examined using CRISPR/Cas9-based loss-of-function and pharmacological approaches as well as luciferase reporter techniques, cell-based ectodomain shedding assays and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS We show that common FGFR2 mutations significantly enhance the sensitivity to FGF7-mediated activation of a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM)17 and subsequent transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We further show that FGFR2 mutants trigger the activation of ADAM10-mediated Notch signalling in an ADAM17-dependent manner, highlighting for the first time an intimate cooperation between EGFR and Notch pathways in EC. Differential transcriptomic analysis in EC cells in a cohort of patients carrying mutations in the FGFR2 gene identified a strong association between FGFR2 mutations and increased expression of members of the Notch pathway and ErbB receptor family. Notably, FGFR2 mutants are not constitutively active but require FGF7 stimulation to reprogram Notch and EGFR pathway components, resulting in ADAM17-dependent oncogenic growth. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight a pivotal role of ADAM17 in the pathogenesis of EC and provide a compelling rationale for targeting ADAM17 protease activity in FGFR2-driven cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Dixit
- Inflammation ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Jesus Gonzalez‐Bosquet
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer CenterRoy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Joseph Skurski
- Inflammation ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Immunology Graduate ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Eric J. Devor
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer CenterRoy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Erin B. Dickerson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesCollege of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
- Masonic Cancer CenterUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Animal Cancer Care and Research ProgramUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Warren B. Nothnick
- Cell Biology and PhysiologyCenter for Reproductive SciencesUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA
| | - Priya D. Issuree
- Inflammation ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Kimberly K. Leslie
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Division of Molecular MedicineDepartments of Internal Medicine and Obstetrics and GynecologyThe University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences CenterAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Thorsten Maretzky
- Inflammation ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer CenterRoy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
- Immunology Graduate ProgramUniversity of IowaIowa CityIowaUSA
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PELI1 and EGFR cooperate to promote breast cancer metastasis. Oncogenesis 2023; 12:9. [PMID: 36841821 PMCID: PMC9968314 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-023-00457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pellino-1 (PELI1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase acting as a key regulator for the inflammation and autoimmunity via the ubiquitination of the substrate proteins. There is increasing evidence to support that PELI1 functions as an oncoprotein in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the high expression and oncogenic roles of PELI1 in cancers remains limited. Herein, we revealed a novel regulation mechanism by which PELI1 and EGFR cooperate to promote breast cancer metastasis. EGFR is positively correlated with PELI1 expression in breast cancers, and its activation led to the phosphorylation of PELI1 at Tyr154 and Thr264, which subsequently activated its E3 ubiquitin ligase. Simultaneously, PELI1 physically interacted with and enhanced the stability of EGFR via the K63-linked polyubiquitination in reverse. The co-inhibition of the PELI1-EGFR showed synergetic effect to repress breast cancer metastasis. Furthermore, we identified a compound S62 as a small molecule disruptor of PELI1/EGFR that effectively repressed breast cancer metastasis. Our study not only uncovered the emerging roles of PELI1/EGFR interaction in the progression of breast cancer, but also provided an effective strategy for the inhibition of metastasis in breast cancer.
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Jiang G, Miao Y, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Zhou P, Zhang F. Prognostic significance of epidermal growth factor receptor and programmed cell death-ligand 1 co-expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:1107-1129. [PMID: 36812484 PMCID: PMC10008495 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to observe the correlation between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and evaluate prognostic potential of their co-expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. EGFR and PD-L1 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. We revealed that there was a positive correlation between EGFR and PD-L1 expression in ESCC (P = 0.004). According to the positive relationship between EGFR and PD-L1, all patients were divided into four groups: EGFR (+)/PD-L1 (+), EGFR (+)/PD-L1 (-), EGFR (-)/PD-L1 (+), and EGFR (-)/PD-L1 (-). In 57 ESCC patients without surgery, we found that EGFR and PD-L1 co-expression were statistically correlated with a lower objective response rate (ORR) (p = 0.029), overall survival (OS) (p = 0.018) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.045) than those with one or none positive protein. Furthermore, PD-L1 expression has a significant positive correlation with infiltration level of 19 immune cells, EGFR expression was significantly correlated with infiltration level of 12 immune cells. The infiltration level of CD8 T cell and B cell were negatively correlated with EGFR expression. On the contrary with EGFR, the infiltration level of CD8 T cell, and B cell were positively correlated with PD-L1 expression. In conclusion, EGFR and PD-L1 co-expression could predict poor ORR and survival in ESCC without surgery, indicating a subset of patients who may benefit from a combination of targeted therapy against EGFR and PD-L1, which may expand the population benefiting from immunotherapy and reduce the occurrence of hyper progressive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiang Jiang
- Department of Oncology Radiotherapy, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China
| | - Yandong Miao
- Department of Oncology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Binzhou Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Zibo, Zibo 255200, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of Zibo, Zibo 255200, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 26400, Shandong, China
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Hagar FF, Abbas SH, Abdelhamid D, Gomaa HAM, Youssif BGM, Abdel-Aziz M. New 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone/benzimidazole hybrids as potent antiproliferative agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200357. [PMID: 36351754 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone/benzimidazole hybrids 9a-o and 10a-k were designed and synthesized as potential antiproliferative agents. Hybrids 9a-o exhibited remarkable antiproliferative activities on different NCI-60 cell lines in a single-dose assay. The antiproliferative activities of the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated against a panel of four human cancer cell lines (A-549, MCF-7, Panc-1, and HT-29). Compounds 9g-i and their oxygen isosteres, 10f-h, exhibited promising antiproliferative activities with IC50 values ranging from 0.80 to 2.27 µM compared to doxorubicin (IC50 ranging from 0.90 to 1.41 µM). Furthermore, the inhibitory potency of these compounds against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and BRAFV600E kinases was evaluated using erlotinib as a reference drug. Molecular modeling studies were done to investigate the binding mode of the most active hybrids in the ATP binding site of EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Fouad Hagar
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Samar H Abbas
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Dalia Abdelhamid
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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11
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Larionova I, Kiselev A, Kazakova E, Liu T, Patysheva M, Iamshchikov P, Liu Q, Mossel DM, Riabov V, Rakina M, Sergushichev A, Bezgodova N, Vtorushin S, Litviakov N, Denisov E, Koshkin P, Pyankov D, Tsyganov M, Ibragimova M, Cherdyntseva N, Kzhyshkowska J. Tumor-associated macrophages respond to chemotherapy by detrimental transcriptional reprogramming and suppressing stabilin-1 mediated clearance of EGF. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1000497. [PMID: 36960065 PMCID: PMC10028613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tumor resistance to chemotherapy and metastatic relapse account for more than 90% of cancer specific mortality. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can process chemotherapeutic agents and impair their action. Little is known about the direct effects of chemotherapy on TAMs. Methods The effect of chemotherapeutic platinum agent cisplatin was assessed in the model system of human ex vivo TAMs. Whole-transcriptome sequencing for paired TAMs stimulated and not stimulated by cisplatin was analysed by NGS. Endocytic uptake of EGF was quantified by flow cytometry. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize stabilin-1-mediated internalization and endocytic trafficking of EGF in CHO cells expressing ectopically recombinant stabilin-1 and in stabilin-1+ TAMs. In cohort of patients with breast cancer, the effect of platinum therapy on the transcriptome of TAMs was validated, and differential expression of regulators of endocytosis was identified. Results Here we show that chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin can initiate detrimental transcriptional and functional programs in TAMs, without significant impairment of their viability. We focused on the clearance function of TAMs that controls composition of tumor microenvironment. For the first time we demonstrated that TAMs' scavenger receptor stabilin-1 is responsible for the clearance of epidermal growth factor (EGF), a potent stimulator of tumor growth. Cisplatin suppressed both overall and EGF-specific endocytosis in TAMs by bidirectional mode: suppression of positive regulators and stimulation of negative regulators of endocytosis, with strongest effect on synaptotagmin-11 (SYT11), confirmed in patients with breast cancer. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that synergistic action of cytostatic agents and innovative immunomodulators is required to overcome cancer therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Artem Kiselev
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Elena Kazakova
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marina Patysheva
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Iamshchikov
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Quan Liu
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Dieuwertje M. Mossel
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Vladimir Riabov
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Militsa Rakina
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Sergushichev
- Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalia Bezgodova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergei Vtorushin
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nikolai Litviakov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Evgeny Denisov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Denis Pyankov
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Genomed, Moscow, Russia
| | - Matvei Tsyganov
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Marina Ibragimova
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda Cherdyntseva
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany
- *Correspondence: Julia Kzhyshkowska,
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12
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Wisniewski DJ, Liyasova MS, Korrapati S, Zhang X, Ratnayake S, Chen Q, Gilbert SF, Catalano A, Voeller D, Meerzaman D, Guha U, Porat-Shliom N, Annunziata CM, Lipkowitz S. Flotillin-2 regulates epidermal growth factor receptor activation, degradation by Cbl-mediated ubiquitination, and cancer growth. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102766. [PMID: 36470425 PMCID: PMC9823131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling is frequently dysregulated in various cancers. The ubiquitin ligase Casitas B-lineage lymphoma proto-oncogene (Cbl) regulates degradation of activated EGFR through ubiquitination and acts as an adaptor to recruit proteins required for trafficking. Here, we used stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture mass spectrometry to compare Cbl complexes with or without epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. We identified over a hundred novel Cbl interactors, and a secondary siRNA screen found that knockdown of Flotillin-2 (FLOT2) led to increased phosphorylation and degradation of EGFR upon EGF stimulation in HeLa cells. In PC9 and H441 cells, FLOT2 knockdown increased EGF-stimulated EGFR phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and downstream signaling, reversible by EGFR inhibitor erlotinib. CRISPR knockout (KO) of FLOT2 in HeLa cells confirmed EGFR downregulation, increased signaling, and increased dimerization and endosomal trafficking. Furthermore, we determined that FLOT2 interacted with both Cbl and EGFR. EGFR downregulation upon FLOT2 loss was Cbl dependent, as coknockdown of Cbl and Cbl-b restored EGFR levels. In addition, FLOT2 overexpression decreased EGFR signaling and growth. Overexpression of wildtype (WT) FLOT2, but not the soluble G2A FLOT2 mutant, inhibited EGFR phosphorylation upon EGF stimulation in HEK293T cells. FLOT2 loss induced EGFR-dependent proliferation and anchorage-independent growth. Lastly, FLOT2 KO increased tumor formation and tumor volume in nude mice and NSG mice, respectively. Together, these data demonstrated that FLOT2 negatively regulated EGFR activation and dimerization, as well as its subsequent ubiquitination, endosomal trafficking, and degradation, leading to reduced proliferation in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Wisniewski
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mariya S Liyasova
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Soumya Korrapati
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xu Zhang
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shashikala Ratnayake
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Qingrong Chen
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Samuel F Gilbert
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexis Catalano
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Donna Voeller
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daoud Meerzaman
- Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Udayan Guha
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Natalie Porat-Shliom
- Thoracic and GI Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Christina M Annunziata
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stanley Lipkowitz
- Women's Malignancies Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
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13
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Simultaneous Imaging and Therapy Using Epitope-Specific Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Antibody Conjugates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091917. [PMID: 36145664 PMCID: PMC9505583 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Matuzumab and nimotuzumab are anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies that bind to different epitopes of domain III of EGFR. We developed 89Zr-matuzumab as a PET probe for diagnosis/monitoring of response to treatment of a noncompeting anti-EGFR nimotuzumab antibody drug conjugate (ADC) using mouse colorectal cancer (CRC) xenografts. We developed 89Zr-matuzumab and performed quality control in EGFR-positive DLD-1 cells. The KD of matuzumab, DFO-matuzumab and 89Zr-matuzumab in DLD-1 cells was 5.9, 6.2 and 3 nM, respectively. A competitive radioligand binding assay showed that 89Zr-matuzumab and nimotuzumab bound to noncompeting epitopes of EGFR. MicroPET/CT imaging and biodistribution of 89Zr-matuzumab in mice bearing EGFR-positive xenografts (HT29, DLD-1 and MDA-MB-231) showed high uptake that was blocked with pre-dosing with matuzumab but not with the noncompeting binder nimotuzumab. We evaluated nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1 ADC in CRC cells. IC50 of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1 in SNU-C2B, DLD-1 and SW620 cells was dependent on EGFR density and was up to five-fold lower than that of naked nimotuzumab. Mice bearing the SNU-C2B xenograft were treated using three 15 mg/kg doses of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1, and 89Zr-matuzumab microPET/CT was used to monitor the response to treatment. Treatment resulted in complete remission of the SNU-C2B tumor in 2/3 mice. Matuzumab and nimotuzumab are noncompeting and can be used simultaneously.
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14
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Abstract
EGFR is a member of the ERBB family. It plays a significant role in cellular processes such as growth, survival and differentiation via the activation of various signaling pathways. EGFR deregulation is implicated in various human malignancies, and therefore EGFR has emerged as an attractive anticancer target. EGFR inhibition using strategies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies hinders cellular proliferation and promotes apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. EGFR inhibition by tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been shown to be a better treatment option than chemotherapy for advanced-stage EGFR-driven non-small-cell lung cancer, yet de novo and acquired resistance limits the clinical benefit of these therapeutic molecules. This review discusses the cellular signaling pathways activated by EGFR. Further, current therapeutic strategies to target aberrant EGFR signaling in cancer and mechanisms of resistance to them are highlighted.
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15
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Buyuk B, Jin S, Ye K. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Signaling Pathways Responsible for Breast Cancer Metastasis. Cell Mol Bioeng 2022; 15:1-13. [PMID: 35096183 PMCID: PMC8761190 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast carcinoma is highly metastatic and invasive. Tumor metastasis is a convoluted and multistep process involving tumor cell disseminating from their primary site and migrating to the secondary organ. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is one of the crucial steps that initiate cell progression, invasion, and metastasis. During EMT, epithelial cells alter their molecular features and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. The regulation of EMT is centered by several signaling pathways, including primary mediators TGF-β, Notch, Wnt, TNF-α, Hedgehog, and RTKs. It is also affected by hypoxia and microRNAs (miRNAs). All these pathways are the convergence on the transcriptional factors such as Snail, Slug, Twist, and ZEB1/2. In addition, a line of evidence suggested that EMT and cancer stem like cells (CSCs) are associated. EMT associated cancer stem cells display mesenchymal phenotypes and resist to chemotherapy or targeted therapy. In this review, we highlighted recent discoveries in these signaling pathways and their regulation in breast cancer metastasis and invasion. While the clinical relevance of EMT and breast cancers remains controversial, we speculated a convergent signaling network pivotal to elucidating the transition of epithelial to mesenchymal phenotypes and onset of metastasis of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Busra Buyuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Watson College of Engineering and Applied Science, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA
| | - Sha Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Watson College of Engineering and Applied Science, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA
| | - Kaiming Ye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Watson College of Engineering and Applied Science, Center of Biomanufacturing for Regenerative Medicine, Binghamton University, State University of New York (SUNY), PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA
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16
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Multifaceted Interplay between Hormones, Growth Factors and Hypoxia in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030539. [PMID: 35158804 PMCID: PMC8833523 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hormones and growth factors impact many processes in the cell. Moreover, these molecules influence tumor growth, as does a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) that characterizes cancer progression. Proteins that are stabilized by low oxygen tension, known as hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), help tumor cells to adapt to their environment. Of note, hormones and growth factors regulate the activity of HIFs toward malignant aggressiveness, including the resistance to therapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of hormones and growth factors in cancer development with a particular focus on their interplay with hypoxia and HIFs and comment on how these factors influence the response to cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Hormones and growth factors (GFs) are signaling molecules implicated in the regulation of a variety of cellular processes. They play important roles in both healthy and tumor cells, where they function by binding to specific receptors on target cells and activating downstream signaling cascades. The stages of tumor progression are influenced by hormones and GF signaling. Hypoxia, a hallmark of cancer progression, contributes to tumor plasticity and heterogeneity. Most solid tumors contain a hypoxic core due to rapid cellular proliferation that outgrows the blood supply. In these circumstances, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play a central role in the adaptation of tumor cells to their new environment, dramatically reshaping their transcriptional profile. HIF signaling is modulated by a variety of factors including hormones and GFs, which activate signaling pathways that enhance tumor growth and metastatic potential and impair responses to therapy. In this review, we summarize the role of hormones and GFs during cancer onset and progression with a particular focus on hypoxia and the interplay with HIF proteins. We also discuss how hypoxia influences the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, considering that a hypoxic environment may act as a determinant of the immune-excluded phenotype and a major hindrance to the success of adoptive cell therapies.
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17
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Vinogradskaya GR, Ivanov AV, Kushch AA. Mechanisms of Survival of Cytomegalovirus-Infected Tumor Cells. Mol Biol 2022; 56:668-683. [PMID: 36217337 PMCID: PMC9534468 DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322050132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA and proteins are often detected in malignant tumors, warranting studies of the role that HCMV plays in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. HCMV proteins were shown to regulate the key processes involved in tumorigenesis. While HCMV as an oncogenic factor just came into focus, its ability to promote tumor progression is generally recognized. The review discusses the viral factors and cell molecular pathways that affect the resistance of cancer cells to therapy. CMV inhibits apoptosis of tumor cells, that not only promotes tumor progression, but also reduces the sensitivity of cells to antitumor therapy. Autophagy was found to facilitate either cell survival or cell death in different tumor cells. In leukemia cells, HCMV induces a "protective" autophagy that suppresses apoptosis. Viral factors that mediate drug resistance and their interactions with key cell death pathways are necessary to further investigate in order to develop agents that can restore the tumor sensitivity to anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. R. Vinogradskaya
- Konstantinov St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300 Gatchina, Leningrad oblast Russia
| | - A. V. Ivanov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A. A Kushch
- Gamaleya National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Mallakuntla MK, Penugurti V, Manavathi B, Podile AR. Chitooligosaccharides induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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19
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Gentilini A, Lori G, Caligiuri A, Raggi C, Di Maira G, Pastore M, Piombanti B, Lottini T, Arcangeli A, Madiai S, Navari N, Banales JM, Di Matteo S, Alvaro D, Duwe L, Andersen JB, Tubita A, Tusa I, Di Tommaso L, Campani C, Rovida E, Marra F. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 5 Regulates the Malignant Phenotype of Cholangiocarcinoma Cells. Hepatology 2021; 74:2007-2020. [PMID: 33959996 PMCID: PMC8518067 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is characterized by high resistance to chemotherapy and poor prognosis. Several oncogenic pathways converge on activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), whose role in CCA has not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ERK5 in the biology of CCA. APPROACH AND RESULTS ERK5 expression was detected in two established (HuCCT-1 and CCLP-1) and two primary human intrahepatic CCA cell lines (iCCA58 and iCCA60). ERK5 phosphorylation was increased in CCA cells exposed to soluble mediators. In both HuCCT-1 and CCLP-1 cells, ERK5 was localized in the nucleus, and exposure to fetal bovine serum (FBS) further increased the amount of nuclear ERK5. In human CCA specimens, ERK5 mRNA expression was increased in tumor cells and positively correlated with portal invasion. ERK5 protein levels were significantly associated with tumor grade. Growth, migration, and invasion of CCA cells were decreased when ERK5 was silenced using specific short hairpin RNA (shRNA). The inhibitory effects on CCA cell proliferation, migration and invasion were recapitulated by treatment with small molecule inhibitors targeting ERK5. In addition, expression of the angiogenic factors VEGF and angiopoietin 1 was reduced after ERK5 silencing. Conditioned medium from ERK5-silenced cells had a lower ability to induce tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells and to induce migration of myofibroblasts and monocytes/macrophages. In mice, subcutaneous injection of CCLP-1 cells silenced for ERK5 resulted in less frequent tumor development and smaller size of xenografts compared with cells transfected with nontargeting shRNA. CONCLUSIONS ERK5 is a key mediator of growth and migration of CCA cells and supports a protumorigenic crosstalk between the tumor and the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Gentilini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Giulia Lori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Alessandra Caligiuri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Chiara Raggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Giovanni Di Maira
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Mirella Pastore
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Benedetta Piombanti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Tiziano Lottini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Annarosa Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Stefania Madiai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Nadia Navari
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Jesus M. Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal DiseasesBiodonostia Health Research InstituteCIBERehdIkerbasqueSan SebastianSpain
| | - Sabina Di Matteo
- Department of ImmunologyBambino Gesù Children’s HospitalIRCCSRomeItaly
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical SpecialtiesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Lea Duwe
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC)Dept. of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jesper B. Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC)Dept. of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Alessandro Tubita
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of FlorenceItaly
| | - Ignazia Tusa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of FlorenceItaly
| | - Luca Di Tommaso
- Pathology UnitHumanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCSRozzanoItaly
| | - Claudia Campani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”University of FlorenceItaly
| | - Fabio Marra
- Department of Experimental and Clinical MedicineUniversity of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
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Hameduh T, Mokry M, Miller AD, Adam V, Heger Z, Haddad Y. A rotamer relay information system in the epidermal growth factor receptor-drug complexes reveals clues to new paradigm in protein conformational change. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:5443-5454. [PMID: 34667537 PMCID: PMC8511715 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells can escape the effects of chemotherapy through mutations and upregulation of a tyrosine kinase protein called the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In the past two decades, four generations of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR have been developed. Using comparative structure analysis of 116 EGFR-drug complex crystal structures, cluster analysis produces two clans of 73 and 43 structures, respectively. The first clan of 73 structures is larger and is comprised mostly of the C-helix-IN conformation while the second clan of 43 structures correlates with the C-helix-OUT conformation. A deep rotamer analysis identifies 43 residues (18%) of the total of 237 residues spanning the kinase structures under investigation with significant rotamer variations between the C-helix-IN and C-helix-OUT clans. The locations of these rotamer variations take on the appearance of side chain conformational relays extending out from points of EGFR mutation to different regions of the EGFR kinase. Accordingly, we propose that key EGFR mutations act singly or together to induce drug resistant conformational changes in EGFR that are communicated via these side chain conformational relays. Accordingly, these side chain conformational relays appear to play a significant role in the development of tumour resistance. This phenomenon also suggests a new paradigm in protein conformational change that is mediated by supportive relays of rotamers on the protein surface, rather than through conventional backbone movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Hameduh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Mokry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 70, CZ-62100 Brno, Czech Republic
- KP Therapeutics (Europe) s.r.o., Purkyňova 649/127, Brno CZ-61200, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yazan Haddad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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21
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Qi Y, Fang Q, Li Q, Ding H, Shu Q, Hu Y, Xin W, Fang L. MD2 blockage prevents the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibition of the EGFR signaling pathway. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:1873-1883. [PMID: 34532135 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-21-362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The toll-like receptor (TLR) is an emerging signaling pathway in tumor invasion and metastasis. The activation of TLRs requires specific accessory proteins, such as the small secreted glycoprotein myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD2), which contributes to ligand responsiveness. However, the role of MD2 in tumorigenesis and metastasis has rarely been reported. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of MD2 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Cell counting kit 8 (CCK8), cell colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays were conducted to determine cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess the expression of MD2 in HCC cell lines and human normal liver cell lines as well as the silencing efficiency of MD2 blockage. Western blot and qRT-PCR assays were performed to detect the protein and mRNA expression levels of epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) markers and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling molecules. Results MD2 was highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. High expression of MD2 was associated with poor prognosis of HCC patients. In addition, MD2 silencing slightly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and HCCLM3, and significantly suppressed cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, MD2 blockage could distinctly prevent the EMT process by increasing the protein and mRNA levels of E-cadherin and Occludin, and decreasing the levels of Vimentin, N-cadherin, and Snail. Finally, the phosphorylation level of EGFR as well as its downstream molecular Src, Akt, I-κBα, and p65 were downregulated in HCC cells with MD2 silencing. Conclusions Our findings suggest that high expression of MD2 may affect the EMT, migration, and invasion via modulation of the EGFR pathway in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qilu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Comprehensive Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haiying Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenxiu Xin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Comprehensive Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Head and Neck Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luo Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Al-Matouq J, Al-Haj L, Al-Saif M, Khabar KSA. Post-transcriptional screen of cancer amplified genes identifies ERBB2/Her2 signaling as AU-rich mRNA stability-promoting pathway. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:61. [PMID: 34535639 PMCID: PMC8448767 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00351-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplification of specific cancer genes leads to their over-expression contributing to tumor growth, spread, and drug resistance. Little is known about the ability of these amplified oncogenes to augment the expression of cancer genes through post-transcriptional control. The AU-rich elements (ARE)-mediated mRNA decay is compromised for many key cancer genes leading to their increased abundance and effects. Here, we performed a post-transcriptional screen for frequently amplified cancer genes demonstrating that ERBB2/Her2 overexpression was able to augment the post-transcriptional effects. The ERBB1/2 inhibitor, lapatinib, led to the reversal of the aberrant ARE-mediated process in ERBB2-amplified breast cancer cells. The intersection of overexpressed genes associated with ERBB2 amplification in TCGA datasets with ARE database (ARED) identified ERBB2-associated gene cluster. Many of these genes were over-expressed in the ERBB2-positive SKBR3 cells compared to MCF10A normal-like cells, and were under-expressed due to ERBB2 siRNA treatment. Lapatinib accelerated the ARE-mRNA decay for several ERBB2-regulated genes. The ERBB2 inhibitor decreased both the abundance and stability of the phosphorylated inactive form of the mRNA decay-promoting protein, tristetraprolin (ZFP36/TTP). The ERBB2 siRNA was also able to reduce the phosphorylated ZFP36/TTP form. In contrast, ectopic expression of ERBB2 in MCF10A or HEK293 cells led to increased abundance of the phosphorylated ZFP36/TTP. The effect of ERBB2 on TTP phosphorylation appeared to be mediated via the MAPK-MK2 pathway. Screening for the impact of other amplified cancer genes in HEK293 cells also demonstrated that EGFR, AKT2, CCND1, CCNE1, SKP2, and FGFR3 caused both increased abundance of phosphorylated ZFP36/TTP and ARE-post-transcriptional reporter activity. Thus, specific amplified oncogenes dysregulate post-transcriptional ARE-mediated effects, and targeting the ARE-mediated pathway itself may provide alternative therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenan Al-Matouq
- grid.415310.20000 0001 2191 4301Molecular BioMedicine Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia ,Present Address: Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Science, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Latifa Al-Haj
- grid.415310.20000 0001 2191 4301Molecular BioMedicine Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
| | - Maher Al-Saif
- grid.415310.20000 0001 2191 4301Molecular BioMedicine Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. A. Khabar
- grid.415310.20000 0001 2191 4301Molecular BioMedicine Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, 11211 Saudi Arabia
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23
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Hsu HL, Chen HK, Tsai CH, Liao PL, Chan YJ, Lee YC, Lee CC, Li CH. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Defect Attenuates Mitogen-Activated Signaling through Leucine-Rich Repeats and Immunoglobulin-like Domains 1 (LRIG1)-Dependent EGFR Degradation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9988. [PMID: 34576152 PMCID: PMC8464816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) genomic pathway has been well-characterized in a number of respiratory diseases. In addition, the cytoplasmic AHR protein may act as an adaptor of E3 ubiquitin ligase. In this study, the physiological functions of AHR that regulate cell proliferation were explored using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The doubling-time of the AHR-KO clones of A549 and BEAS-2B was observed to be prolonged. The attenuation of proliferation potential was strongly associated with either the induction of p27Kip1 or the impairment in mitogenic signal transduction driven by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptor (EGFR). We found that the leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1), a repressor of EGFR, was induced in the absence of AHR in vitro and in vivo. The LRIG1 tends to degrade via a proteasome dependent manner by interacting with AHR in wild-type cells. Either LRIG1 or a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) were accumulated in AHR-defective cells, consequently accelerating the degradation of EGFR, and attenuating the response to mitogenic stimulation. We also affirmed low AHR but high LRIG1 levels in lung tissues of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This might partially elucidate the sluggish tissue repairment and developing inflammation in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Lin Hsu
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Hong-Kai Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Hao Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27517, USA;
| | - Po-Lin Liao
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Ju Chan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Cheng Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
| | - Chen-Chen Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, China Medicine University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Hao Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan;
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24
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Marijić B, Braut T, Babarović E, Krstulja M, Maržić D, Avirović M, Kujundžić M, Hadžisejdić I. Nuclear EGFR Expression Is Associated With Poor Survival in Laryngeal Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2021; 29:576-584. [PMID: 33758141 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The membrane EGFR (mEGFR) protein overexpression in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is considered to cause increased EGFR activity which adds to tumorigenicity and therapy resistance. The mEGFR upon stimulation can translocate to the nucleus nuclear EGFR (nEGFR) where it has been associated with poor prognosis and worse survival in many cancers. The relevance of differentially located EGFR proteins in laryngeal lesions has not been studied enough and remains unclear. Aim of our study was to examine nEGFR and mEGFR protein expression as well as EGFR gene status and cell cycle proliferation markers in the laryngeal polyps, dysplasia, and SCC using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. There was significantly higher frequency of strong nEGFR between SCC, dysplasia, and polyps (P<0.0001), and strong mEGFR in the SCC and laryngeal dysplasia comparing to polyps (P<0.0001). Gene amplification was confirmed only in relatively small number of SCC but not in non-neoplastic lesions. In dysplasia the statistically significant positive correlations between nEGFR, and Ki-67 (P=0.029), p53 (P=0.001), and cyclin D1 (P=0.031) were found. nEGFR and mEGFR expression showed statistically significant inverse correlation in the SCC (P=0.004) as well as nEGFR and cyclin D1 (P=0.032). Univariate statistical analysis showed statistically significant correlation between strong nEGFR protein expression and worse overall survival in laryngeal SCC, alone or in coexpression with strong cyclin D1 and high Ki-67 (P=0.025, P=0.046, P=0.043, respectively). Our data show that nEGFR cellular localization might influence biology of the laryngeal carcinogenesis and is indicator of poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blažen Marijić
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology
| | - Tamara Braut
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology
| | - Emina Babarović
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Mira Krstulja
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Diana Maržić
- Department of Audiology and Phoniatrics, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology
| | - Manuela Avirović
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Milodar Kujundžić
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
- Departments of Otorhinolaryngology
| | - Ita Hadžisejdić
- Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology
- Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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25
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Kandikattu HK, Manohar M, Upparahalli Venkateshaiah S, Yadavalli C, Mishra A. Chronic inflammation promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition-mediated malignant phenotypes and lung injury in experimentally-induced pancreatitis. Life Sci 2021; 278:119640. [PMID: 34048812 PMCID: PMC8245354 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with chronic pancreatitis have an increased risk of pancreatic malignancy, but the mechanisms underlying this relationship are poorly understood. We developed a mouse model of chronic pancreatitis by treatment with a combination of cerulein and azoxymethane. In our model, we show that cerulein and azoxymethane treated mice develop pathological malignant phenotype and associated lung inflammation. We observed chronic pancreatitis-associated induction of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, interleukin-15, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, along with accumulation of macrophages and eosinophilic inflammation. We also observed eosinophils degranulation, pancreatic stellate cell activation-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-associated proteins that display a pancreatic malignant phenotype including acinar-to-ductal metaplasia and acinar cell atrophy. We observed highly induced interleukin-15 that has been earlier reported to have a protective role against fibrosis and malignancy; therefore, further evaluated its role in our mouse model of chronic pancreatitis. We observed that introduction of recombinant interleukin-15 has indeed improve chronic pancreatitis-associated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-mediated development of a malignant phenotype in the mouse model of chronic pancreatitis. In conclusion, we present evidence that rIL-15 overexpression improves eosinophilic inflammation-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-mediated progression of pancreatic remodeling associated malignant phenotype and acute lung injury by inducing NKT cells and IFN-γ mediated innate immunity in experimental pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu
- Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Murli Manohar
- Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Sathisha Upparahalli Venkateshaiah
- Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Chandrasekhar Yadavalli
- Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Anil Mishra
- Tulane Eosinophilic Disorders Center (TEDC), Section of Pulmonary Diseases, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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26
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Ahmed EY, Elserwy WS, El-Mansy MF, Serry AM, Salem AM, Abdou AM, Abdelrahman BA, Elsayed KH, Abd Elaziz MR. Angiokinase inhibition of VEGFR-2, PDGFR and FGFR and cell growth inhibition in lung cancer: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of novel azaheterocyclic coumarin derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 48:128258. [PMID: 34246754 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work represents the design and synthesis of some azaheterocyclic coumarin derivatives which are evaluated as anti-lung cancer agents. Ten out of the twenty azaheterocyclic compounds showed superior activity than the standard drug staurosporine against non-small cell lung cancer (A549). Representing the four different azaheterocyclic series, compounds 4a, 5d, 6e, and 7d, which demonstrated IC50s of 2.38, 2.39, 1.05 and 3.98 µM, respectively, each exhibiting the best cytotoxicity in its group, were selected for further assessment of their toxicity on normal lung cells (WI-38). Compound 4a was selected for further investigations because it remarkably revealed less cytotoxicity (IC50 = 53.76 µM) than 7d (IC50 = 19.95 µM) on (WI-38) compared to staurosporine (IC50 = 24.41 µM). 4a was assessed for its ability to inhibit the angiokinases VEGFR-2, PDGFR, FGFR and the growth factor EGFR, remarkably it showed better VEGFR-2, PDGFR, FGFR inhibition than the reference drugs used and exhibited as well noticeable EGFR inhibition. Going further, 4a was capable of arresting the cell cycle at pre-G1 phase and S phase and inducing apoptosis. Moreover, the capability of the target 4a to interact with the key amino acids of VEGFR-2 binding site was detected by molecular docking. Finally, the in silico physicochemical properties of 4a were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Y Ahmed
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre. Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Weam S Elserwy
- Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre. Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F El-Mansy
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Division, National Research Centre. Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aya M Serry
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman M Salem
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andrew M Abdou
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basel A Abdelrahman
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kenzi H Elsayed
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moaaz R Abd Elaziz
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt
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27
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Silalai P, Pruksakorn D, Chairoungdua A, Suksen K, Saeeng R. Synthesis of propargylamine mycophenolate analogues and their selective cytotoxic activity towards neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 45:128135. [PMID: 34044119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Twenty six propargylamine mycophenolate analogues were designed and synthesized from mycophenolic acid 1 employing a key step A3-coupling reaction. Their cytotoxic activity was examined against six cancer cell lines. Compounds 6a, 6j, 6t, 6u, and 6z exhibited selective cytotoxicity towards neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cancer cells and were less toxic to normal cells in comparison to the lead compound, MPA 1 and a standard drug, ellipticine. Molecular docking results suggested that compound 6a is fit well in the key amino acid of three proteins (CDK9, EGFR, and VEGFR-2) as targets in cancer therapy. The propargylamine mycophenolate scaffold might be a valuable starting point for development of new neuroblastoma anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patamawadee Silalai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Omics Center for Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| | - Arthit Chairoungdua
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kanoknetr Suksen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Rungnapha Saeeng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand; The Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Product for Drug Discovery (RSND), Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand.
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28
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Onesto MM, Short CA, Rempel SK, Catlett TS, Gomez TM. Growth Factors as Axon Guidance Molecules: Lessons From in vitro Studies. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:678454. [PMID: 34093120 PMCID: PMC8175860 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.678454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth cones at the tips of extending axons navigate through developing organisms by probing extracellular cues, which guide them through intermediate steps and onto final synaptic target sites. Widespread focus on a few guidance cue families has historically overshadowed potentially crucial roles of less well-studied growth factors in axon guidance. In fact, recent evidence suggests that a variety of growth factors have the ability to guide axons, affecting the targeting and morphogenesis of growth cones in vitro. This review summarizes in vitro experiments identifying responses and signaling mechanisms underlying axon morphogenesis caused by underappreciated growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Timothy M. Gomez
- Neuroscience Training Program and Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Department of Neuroscience, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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29
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Kumar CBP, Raghu MS, Prathibha BS, Prashanth MK, Kanthimathi G, Kumar KY, Parashuram L, Alharthi FA. Discovery of a novel series of substituted quinolines acting as anticancer agents and selective EGFR blocker: Molecular docking study. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 44:128118. [PMID: 34015505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A Ta2O5-anchored-piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (PPCA) nanoparticle has been synthesized and characterized. It was then used as a highly effective nanocatalyst for the synthesis of quinolin-2(1H)-one derivatives through CO bond functionalization. The special advantage of this heterogeneous solid catalyst is the reusability of the catalyst for up to five cycles without any noticeable reduction in product yields. In comparison, healthy reaction profiles, wide substrate scope, excellent yields and easy workup conditions are the notable highlights of this approach. All the compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against MCF-7 (human breast), HepG2 (human liver), HCT116 (human colorectal), and PC-3 (human prostate) cancer cell lines with the MTT assay. All the compounds were shown to have moderate to good inhibitory effects on tested cancer cell lines. Besides, compounds 5b, 5c and 5d showed good selectivity against epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK). Molecular docking results showed that active compounds showed a good affinity towards EGFR kinase (PDB ID: 6V6O) by forming two hydrogen bonds with Cys-797 and Tyr-801. All the compounds were screened for computational ADMET and Lipinski analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Malnad College of Engineering, Hassan 573 202, India
| | - M S Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 103, India
| | - B S Prathibha
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560 070, India
| | - M K Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology, Bengaluru 560 070, India.
| | - G Kanthimathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ramco Institute of Technology, Rajapalayam, Tamilnadu, 626117, India
| | - K Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Technology, Jain University, Ramanagara 562 112, India
| | - L Parashuram
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru 560 103, India
| | - Fahad A Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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30
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Baiocchi L, Sato K, Ekser B, Kennedy L, Francis H, Ceci L, Lenci I, Alvaro D, Franchitto A, Onori P, Gaudio E, Wu C, Chakraborty S, Glaser S, Alpini G. Cholangiocarcinoma: bridging the translational gap from preclinical to clinical development and implications for future therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2021; 30:365-375. [PMID: 33226854 PMCID: PMC8441992 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1854725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a devastating liver tumor with a poor prognosis. While less than 50% of the patients with CCA may benefit from surgical resection, the rest undergoes chemotherapy with disappointing results (mean survival <2 years). Alternative pharmacological treatments are needed to improve the outcomes in patients with CCA.Areas covered: In this review, we discuss CCA-related (1) experimental systems used in preclinical studies; (2) pharmacological targets identified by genetic analysis; (3) results obtained in preliminary trials in human with their pros and cons; and (4) possible targeting of endocrinal modulation. A PubMed bibliographic search matching the term 'cholangiocarcinoma' with 'experimental model', 'preclinical model', 'genetic target', 'targeted therapy', 'clinical trial', or 'translational research' was conducted and manuscripts published between 2010 and 2020 were retrieved for reading and reviewing.Expert opinion: Several factors contribute to the translational gap between bench research and clinical practice in CCA. The tumor heterogeneity, lack of a preclinical model recapitulating the different features of CCA, and difficult patient enrollment in clinical trials are elements to consider for basic and clinical research in CCA. Establishment of international networks formed by experts in the field of CCA may improve future research and its translational findings on patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Baiocchi
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Keisaku Sato
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Burcin Ekser
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Lindsey Kennedy
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Heather Francis
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ludovica Ceci
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Ilaria Lenci
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Franchitto
- Eleonora Lorillard Spencer Cenci Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chaodong Wu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - Shannon Glaser
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX
| | - Gianfranco Alpini
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
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Rimdenoka O, Pilmane M. Evaluation of TGF-β1 and EGFR in Cleft Affected Lip Mucosa. Acta Med Litu 2021; 28:86-96. [PMID: 34393631 PMCID: PMC8311851 DOI: 10.15388/amed.2021.28.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The morphopathogenesis of orofacial cleft development is only partly understood; therefore, it is important to identify factors, which possibly could be involved in it. The aim of the study was to evaluate the distribution of TGF-β1 and EGFR-containing cells in cleft affected lip mucosa. Materials and Methods. The study group included lip mucosa tissue samples from 14 patients with orofacial cleft. The control group contained 11 healthy oral mucosa tissue samples. The tissue sections were stained by immunohistochemistry for TGF-β1 and EGFR. The expression of positive structures was graded semiquantitatively. IBM SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analysis, Spearman`s rank correlation and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed. Results. Mostly few to moderate number (+/++) of TGF-β1-containing cells was found in epithelium, also the same number of fibroblasts and macrophages was seen in the lamina propria of cleft affected lip mucosa. Meanwhile, healthy oral mucosa on average demonstrated a moderate number (++) of TGF-β1-containing epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and macrophages. A variable, mostly indistinct number of EGFR-containing cells was seen in the epithelium of cleft affected lip mucosa, meanwhile, mostly no (0) EGFR positive cells were found in the epithelium of healthy mucosa. Statistically significantly less TGF-β1-containing cells were found in the epithelium of cleft affected lip mucosa than in the healthy mucosa (U=33.000; p=0.015). Also, the lamina propria of cleft affected lip mucosa showed statistically significantly less TGF-β1 immunoreactive fibroblasts and macrophages than the healthy mucosa (U=28.500; p=0.006). Conclusions. The decreased number of TGF-β1-containing epithelial cells, fibroblasts and macrophages in cleft affected lip mucosa proves the role of problematic tissue remodelation in the cleft pathogenesis. The distribution of EGFR in cleft affected and healthy mucosa is similar and possibly does not play a role in the cleft development of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Rimdenoka
- Riga Stradins University, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
| | - Māra Pilmane
- Riga Stradins University, Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology
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Rashid M, Shah SG, Verma T, Chaudhary N, Rauniyar S, Patel VB, Gera PB, Smoot D, Ashaktorab H, Dalal SN, Gupta S. Tumor-specific overexpression of histone gene, H3C14 in gastric cancer is mediated through EGFR-FOXC1 axis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2021; 1864:194703. [PMID: 33727172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2021.194703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of different H3 histone isoforms/variants have been reported to differentially regulate gene expression via alteration in chromatin organization during diverse cellular processes. However, the differential expression of highly conserved histone H3.2 genes, H3C14 and H3C13 in human cancer has not been delineated. In this study, we investigated the expression of H3.2 genes in primary human gastric, brain, breast, colon, liver, and head and neck cancer tissues and tumor cell lines. The data showed overexpression of H3.2 transcripts in tumor samples and cell lines with respect to normal counterparts. Furthermore, TCGA data of individual and TCGA PANCAN cohort also showed significant up-regulation of H3.2 genes. Further, overexpressed H3C14 gene coding for H3.2 protein was regulated by FOXC1 transcription factor and G4-cassette in gastric cancer cell lines. Elevated expression of FOXC1 protein and transcripts were also observed in human gastric cancer samples and cell lines. Further, FOXC1 protein was predominantly localized in the nuclei of neoplastic gastric cells compared to normal counterpart. In continuation, studies with EGF induction, FOXC1 knockdown, and ChIP-qPCR for the first time identified a novel axis, EGFR-FOXC1-H3C14 for regulation of H3C14 gene overexpression in gastric cancer. Therefore, the changes the epigenomic landscape due to incorporation of differential expression H3 variant contributes to change in gene expression pattern and thereby contributing to pathogenesis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Rashid
- KS313, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India
| | - Sanket Girish Shah
- KS313, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India
| | - Tripti Verma
- KS313, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India
| | - Nazia Chaudhary
- KS216, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India
| | - Sukanya Rauniyar
- KS313, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India
| | - Vidisha Bhavesh Patel
- KS313, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India
| | - Poonam B Gera
- Biorepository, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India
| | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Medicine, Meharry Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37208, United States
| | - Hassan Ashaktorab
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, WA 20060, United States
| | - Sorab N Dalal
- KS216, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- KS313, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, MH, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, India.
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Lanfredi GP, Thomé CH, Ferreira GA, Silvestrini VC, Masson AP, Vargas AP, Grassi ML, Poersch A, Candido Dos Reis FJ, Faça VM. Analysis of ovarian cancer cell secretome during epithelial to mesenchymal transition reveals a protein signature associated with advanced stages of ovarian tumors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2021; 1869:140623. [PMID: 33607274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2021.140623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OvCA) is the most lethal neoplasia among gynecologic malignancies and faces high rates of new cases particularly in South America. In special, the High Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma (HGSC) presents very poor prognosis with deaths caused mainly by metastasis. Among several mechanisms involved in metastasis, the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) molecular reprogramming represents a model for latest stages of cancer progression. EMT promotes important cellular changes in cellular adhesion and cell-cell communication, which particularly depends on the paracrine signaling from neighbor cells. Considering the importance of cellular communication during EMT and metastasis, here we analyzed the changes in the secretome of the ovarian cancer cell line Caov-3 induced to EMT by Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF). Using a combination of GEL-LC-MS/MS and stable isotopic metabolic labelling (SILAC), we identified up-regulated candidates during EMT as a starting point to identify relevant proteins for HGSC. Based on public databases, our candidate proteins were validated and prioritized for further analysis. Importantly, several of the protein candidates were associated with cellular vesicles, which are important to the cell-cell communication and metastasis. Furthermore, the association of candidate proteins with gene expression data uncovered a subset of proteins correlated with the mesenchymal subtype of ovarian cancer. Based on this relevant molecular signature for aggressive ovarian cancer, supported by protein and gene expression data, we developed a targeted proteomic method to evaluate individual OvCA clinical samples. The quantitative information obtained for 33 peptides, representative of 18 proteins, was able to segregate HGSC from other tumor types. Our study highlighted the richness of the secretome and EMT to reveal relevant proteins for HGSC, which could be used in further studies and larger patient cohorts as a potential stratification signature for ovarian cancer tumor that could guide clinical conduct for patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme P Lanfredi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Carolina H Thomé
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Germano A Ferreira
- Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Virgínia C Silvestrini
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana P Masson
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alessandra P Vargas
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Mariana L Grassi
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline Poersch
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Francisco J Candido Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor M Faça
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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Chen X, Gao A, Zhang F, Yang Z, Wang S, Fang Y, Li J, Wang J, Shi W, Wang L, Zheng Y, Sun Y. ILT4 inhibition prevents TAM- and dysfunctional T cell-mediated immunosuppression and enhances the efficacy of anti-PD-L1 therapy in NSCLC with EGFR activation. Theranostics 2021; 11:3392-3416. [PMID: 33537094 PMCID: PMC7847666 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway showed limited success in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, especially in those with activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying EGFR-mediated tumor immune escape and the development of effective immune therapeutics are urgently needed. Immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT) 4, a crucial immunosuppressive molecule initially identified in myeloid cells, is enriched in solid tumor cells and promotes the malignant behavior of NSCLC. However, the upstream regulation of ILT4 overexpression and its function in tumor immunity of NSCLC with EGFR activation remains unclear. Methods: ILT4 expression and EGFR phosphorylation in human NSCLC tissues and cell lines were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. The molecular signaling for EGFR-regulated ILT4 expression was investigated using mRNA microarray and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database analyses and then confirmed by Western blotting. The regulation of tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis by ILT4 was examined by CCK8 proliferation and apoptosis assays. The impact of ILT4 and PD-L1 on tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) recruitment and polarization was evaluated using Transwell migration assay, flow cytometry, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time PCR, while their impact on T cell survival and cytotoxicity was analyzed by CFSE proliferation assay, apoptotic assay, flow cytometry, ELISA and cytolytic assay. Tumor immunotherapy models targeting at paired Ig-like receptor B (PIR-B, an ortholog of ILT4 in mouse)/ILT4 and/or PD-L1 were established in C57BL/6 mice inoculated with stable EGFR- overexpressing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells and in humanized NSG mice inoculated with EGFR mutant, gefitinib-resistant PC9 (PC9-GR) or EGFR-overexpressing wild type H1299 cells. PIR-B and ILT4 inhibition was implemented by infection of specific knockdown lentivirus and PD-L1 was blocked using human/mouse neutralizing antibodies. The tumor growth model was established in NSG mice injected with PIR-B-downregulated LLC cells to evaluate the effect of PIR-B on tumor proliferation. The frequencies and phenotypes of macrophages and T cells in mouse spleens and blood were detected by flow cytometry while those in tumor tissues were determined by IHC and immunofluorescence. Results: We found that ILT4 expression in tumor cells was positively correlated with EGFR phosphorylation in human NSCLC tissues. Using NSCLC cell lines, we demonstrated that ILT4 was upregulated by both tyrosine kinase mutation-induced and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-dependent EGFR activation and subsequent AKT/ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Overexpressed ILT4 in EGFR-activated tumor cells induced TAM recruitment and M2-like polarization, which impaired T cell function. ILT4 also directly inhibited T cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and IFN-γ expression and secretion. In EGFR-activated cell lines in vitro and in wild-type EGFR-activated C57BL/6 and humanized NSG immunotherapy models in vivo, either ILT4 (PIR-B) or PD-L1 inhibition enhanced anti-tumor immunity and suppressed tumor progression by counteracting TAM- and dysfunctional T cell- induced immuno-suppressive TME; the combined inhibition of both molecules showed the most dramatic tumor retraction. Surprisingly, in EGFR mutant, TKI resistant humanized NSG immunotherapy model, ILT4 inhibition alone rather than in combination with a PD-L1 inhibitor suppressed tumor growth and immune evasion. Conclusions: ILT4 was induced by activation of EGFR-AKT and ERK1/2 signaling in NSCLC cells. Overexpressed ILT4 suppressed tumor immunity by recruiting M2-like TAMs and impairing T cell response, while ILT4 inhibition prevented immunosuppression and tumor promotion. Furthermore, ILT4 inhibition enhanced the efficacy of PD-L1 inhibitor in EGFR wild-type but not in EGFR mutant NSCLC. Our study identified novel mechanisms for EGFR-mediated tumor immune escape, and provided promising immunotherapeutic strategies for patients with EGFR-activated NSCLC.
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Raghu MS, Pradeep Kumar CB, Prashanth MK, Yogesh Kumar K, Prathibha BS, Kanthimathi G, Alissa SA, Alghulikah HA, Osman SM. Novel 1,3,5-triazine-based pyrazole derivatives as potential antitumor agents and EFGR kinase inhibitors: synthesis, cytotoxicity, DNA binding, molecular docking and DFT studies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02419a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of new 1,3,5-triazine-based pyrazole derivatives as effective anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. S. Raghu
- Department of Chemistry, New Horizon College of Engineering
- Bengaluru 560 103
- India
| | | | - M. K. Prashanth
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology
- Bengaluru 560 070
- India
| | - K. Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering and Technology, Jain University
- Ramanagara
- India
| | - B. S. Prathibha
- Department of Chemistry, B N M Institute of Technology
- Bengaluru 560 070
- India
| | - G. Kanthimathi
- Department of Chemistry, Ramco Institute of Technology
- Rajapalayam
- India
| | - Siham Abdulrahman Alissa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
- Riyadh 11671
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Abdulrahman Alghulikah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
- Riyadh 11671
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameh M. Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University
- Riyadh
- Saudi Arabia
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Sahin IH, Tan E, Kim R. Regorafenib, an investigational agent for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 30:333-341. [PMID: 33378249 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2021.1867537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholangiocarcinoma is a prevalent gastrointestinal cancer with a high mortality rate. A limited number of cholangiocarcinoma patients are diagnosed with early-stage disease but unfortunately, most patients present with an advanced-stage disease which is not amenable to curative surgical resection. AREAS COVERED We discuss regorafenib, a multi-kinase inhibitor, which has been investigated as a therapeutic agent in advanced stage biliary tract cancer patients in phase II trials. We examined the efficacy and toxicity of this agent and its potential in this patient population in the future. We also provide further insights on novel approaches to optimize the efficacy of regorafenib in cholangiocarcinoma patients. EXPERT OPINION The recent phase II trials of single-agent regorafenib in advanced stage biliary tumors revealed a modest activity in non enriched patient population and is currently part of the national comprehensive cancer network (NCCN) guidelines (Level 2B) in the refractory setting. However, more opportunities for this agent exist in combination approaches with other therapeutics such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. It is also important to recognize that the paradigm has significantly shifted for targeted therapy to more specific and more potent tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting specific actionable genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Halil Sahin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, USA
| | - Elaine Tan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, USA
| | - Richard Kim
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, USA
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Arruda CFJD, Coutinho-Camillo CM, Marques MM, Nagano CP, Bologna SB, Bettim BB, Germano JN, Pinto CAL, Hsieh R, Lourenço SV. Claudin expression is maintained in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the salivary gland. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153161. [PMID: 32862070 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of claudin-1, -3, -4, -5 and -7 proteins in mucoepidermoid carcinoma of oral cavity and analyze whether EGF may interfere in the expression of the genes that encode claudins using in vitro models. MATERIAL AND METHODS Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of claudins was searched in 36 histologically graded cases of mucoepidermoid carcinoma. The association of expression of claudins with clinical-pathological parameters was evaluated. An in vitro step investigated the influence of EGF on gene expression of claudins by real time RT-PCR technique. RESULTS Claudin-1, -3, -4, -5, and -7 were highly expressed in most mucoepidermoid carcinomas. These expressions were compared with clinicopathological parameters. High expression of claudin-1 was associated with patients over 40 years-old (p = 0.05) and Caucasians (p = 0.024). In vitro experiments demonstrated a tendency for Claudin gene expression increase after EGF stimulus. CONCLUSIONS The expression of claudins is maintained in mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells and EGF could be related with this expression. Our results point out to a fundamental biological importance to CLDNs in normal and neoplastic tissue. The expression patterns of CLDNs does not yet allow a clinical application, but the biological knowledge will ground evidence to new studies towards possible target-therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcia Martins Marques
- Post Graduation Program, School of Dentistry, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, Brazil; School of Health Sciences Eugenio Espejo, UTE University, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Hsieh
- Tropical Medicine Institute, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Niu Y, Fu X, Liu L, Lin Q, Liang H, Huang Z, Li N. Molecular characterization and function of EGFR during viral infectionprocess in Mandarin fishSiniperca chuatsi. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:211-217. [PMID: 32298770 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a tyrosine kinase protein and plays a critical role in virus infection by modulating innate immunity. In this study, we cloned and sequenced the EGFR coding sequence of mandarin fish, designed as scEGFR, and explored its characteristics. scEGFR mRNA was widely expressed in the tested tissues of mandarin fish, and the higher mRNA levels were expressed in kidney and spleen. scEGFR expression was up-regulated in spleen and CPB cells at early stage of ISKNV and SCRV infection. Gefitinib (EGFR inhibitor) inhibited ISKNV and SCRV replication, and increased the expression of the interferon-stimulated genes (ISG). However the EGF (EGFR activator) promoted ISKNV and SCRV replication, and decreased the interferon-stimulated genes. Those results indicated that scEGFR and its signaling involved in ISKNV and SCRV infection, and EGFR activation negatively regulated the interferon response, providing a potential target for the development of new therapic strategy against ISKNV and SCRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Niu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Hongru Liang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Zhibin Huang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Ningqiu Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangdong Provinces, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
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Harvey RD, Adams VR, Beardslee T, Medina P. Afatinib for the treatment of EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC: A review of clinical findings. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2020; 26:1461-1474. [PMID: 32567494 PMCID: PMC7448811 DOI: 10.1177/1078155220931926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors represent the standard of care in patients with EGFR mutation-positive (EGFRm+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The availability of several EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors approved for use in the first-line or later settings in NSCLC warrants an in-depth understanding of the pharmacological properties of, and clinical data supporting, these agents. The second-generation, irreversible ErbB-family blocker, afatinib, has been extensively studied in the context of EGFRm+ NSCLC. Results from the LUX-Lung 3 and 6 studies showed that afatinib was more active and better tolerated than chemotherapy in patients with tumors harboring EGFR mutations. Subanalysis of these trials, along with real-world data, indicates that afatinib is active in patients with certain uncommon EGFR mutations (S768I/G719X/L861Q) as well as common mutations (Del19/L858R), and in patients with active brain metastases. In LUX-Lung 7, a head-to-head phase IIb trial, afatinib improved progression-free survival and time-to-treatment failure versus the first-generation reversible EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib, albeit with a higher incidence of serious treatment-related adverse events. Nevertheless, afatinib is generally well tolerated, and adverse events are manageable through supportive care and a well-defined tolerability-guided dose adjustment scheme. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of afatinib, discuss treatment sequencing strategies following emergence of different resistance mechanisms, and shed light on the economic impact of afatinib. We also provide a comparison of afatinib with the available EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors and discuss its position within treatment strategies for patients with EGFRm+ NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Donald Harvey
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Val R Adams
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy, Lexington, USA
| | | | - Patrick Medina
- College of Medicine, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA
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Bond DJ, Torres IJ, Lam RW, Yatham LN. Serum epidermal growth factor, clinical illness course, and limbic brain volumes in early-stage bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord 2020; 270:30-35. [PMID: 32275217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidermal growth factor (EGF) belongs to a family of growth factors implicated in the etiology of psychiatric illnesses. We conducted this cross-sectional case-control study to determine whether (1) serum EGF levels differ between bipolar disorder (BD) patients and non-BD comparison subjects, (2) EGF levels in patients are influenced by mood illness related factors (number of past mood episodes, medication treatment) and non-mood illness related factors (body mass index), and (3) lower EGF levels predict lower limbic brain volumes in BD. METHODS We measured serum EGF in 51 early-stage BD patients and 22 healthy comparison subjects (HS). A subset of 25 patients underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Participants were assessed at the University of British Columbia Mood Disorders Centre between June 2004 and June 2012. RESULTS A general linear model with diagnosis and BMI category (overweight/obese vs normal weight) as factors showed that patients had lower mean log(e)-transformed EGF (LnEGF) than HS (4.99 vs 5.47, p = .011). There was no effect of BMI and no diagnosis x BMI interaction. Multiple linear regression models showed that in patients, more past mood episodes predicted lower LnEGF (β = -0.358, t = -2.585, p = .013) and lower LnEGF predicted lower bilateral temporal lobe volumes (left: β = 0.560, p = .011; right: β = 0.543, p = .009). LIMITATIONS Our cross-sectional study design limits our ability to make inferences about the causal directions of the relationships between EGF, diagnosis, mood episodes, and brain volumes. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide preliminary evidence that EGF is a novel biomarker that may play a role in the pathophysiology of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Bond
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Mood Disorders Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ivan J Torres
- Mood Disorders Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- Mood Disorders Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lakshmi N Yatham
- Mood Disorders Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Yazdankhah M, Shang P, Ghosh S, Bhutto IA, Stepicheva N, Grebe R, Hose S, Weiss J, Luo T, Mishra S, Riazuddin SA, Ghosh A, Handa JT, Lutty GA, Zigler JS, Sinha D. Modulating EGFR-MTORC1-autophagy as a potential therapy for persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) disease. Autophagy 2020; 16:1130-1142. [PMID: 31462148 PMCID: PMC7469569 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1660545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent fetal vasculature (PFV) is a human disease that results from failure of the fetal vasculature to regress normally. The regulatory mechanisms responsible for fetal vascular regression remain obscure, as does the underlying cause of regression failure. However, there are a few animal models that mimic the clinical manifestations of human PFV, which can be used to study different aspects of the disease. One such model is the Nuc1 rat model that arose from a spontaneous mutation in the Cryba1 (crystallin, beta 1) gene and exhibits complete failure of the hyaloid vasculature to regress. Our studies with the Nuc1 rat indicate that macroautophagy/autophagy, a process in eukaryotic cells for degrading dysfunctional components to ensure cellular homeostasis, is severely impaired in Nuc1 ocular astrocytes. Further, we show that CRYBA1 interacts with EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and that loss of this interaction in Nuc1 astrocytes increases EGFR levels. Moreover, our data also show a reduction in EGFR degradation in Nuc1 astrocytes compared to control cells that leads to over-activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (MTORC1) pathway. The impaired EGFR-MTORC1-autophagy signaling in Nuc1 astrocytes triggers abnormal proliferation and migration. The abnormally migrating astrocytes ensheath the hyaloid artery, contributing to the pathogenesis of PFV in Nuc1, by adversely affecting the vascular remodeling processes essential to regression of the fetal vasculature. Herein, we demonstrate in vivo that gefitinib (EGFR inhibitor) can rescue the PFV phenotype in Nuc1 and may serve as a novel therapy for PFV disease by modulating the EGFR-MTORC1-autophagy pathway. ABBREVIATIONS ACTB: actin, beta; CCND3: cyclin 3; CDK6: cyclin-dependent kinase 6; CHQ: chloroquine; COL4A1: collagen, type IV, alpha 1; CRYBA1: crystallin, beta A1; DAPI: 4'6-diamino-2-phenylindole; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GFAP: glial fibrillary growth factor; KDR: kinase insert domain protein receptor; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MKI67: antigen identified by monoclonal antibody Ki 67; MTORC1: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1; PARP: poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family; PCNA: proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PFV: persistent fetal vasculature; PHPV: persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous; RPE: retinal pigmented epithelium; RPS6: ribosomal protein S6; RPS6KB1: ribosomal protein S6 kinase, polypeptide 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestome 1; TUBB: tubulin, beta; VCL: vinculin; VEGFA: vascular endothelial growth factor A; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Yazdankhah
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peng Shang
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sayan Ghosh
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Imran A. Bhutto
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadezda Stepicheva
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rhonda Grebe
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stacey Hose
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph Weiss
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tianqi Luo
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Subrata Mishra
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S. Amer Riazuddin
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arkasubhra Ghosh
- GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bengaluru, India
| | - James T. Handa
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gerard A. Lutty
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - J. Samuel Zigler
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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42
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Cubero FJ, Mohamed MR, Woitok MM, Zhao G, Hatting M, Nevzorova YA, Chen C, Haybaeck J, de Bruin A, Avila MA, Boekschoten MV, Davis RJ, Trautwein C. Loss of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 1 and 2 Function in Liver Epithelial Cells Triggers Biliary Hyperproliferation Resembling Cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:834-851. [PMID: 32490320 PMCID: PMC7262317 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted inhibition of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinases (JNKs) has shown therapeutic potential in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)‐related tumorigenesis. However, the cell‐type‐specific role and mechanisms triggered by JNK in liver parenchymal cells during CCA remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the relevance of JNK1 and JNK2 function in hepatocytes in two different models of experimental carcinogenesis, the dethylnitrosamine (DEN) model and in nuclear factor kappa B essential modulator (NEMO)hepatocyte‐specific knockout (Δhepa) mice, focusing on liver damage, cell death, compensatory proliferation, fibrogenesis, and tumor development. Moreover, regulation of essential genes was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblottings, and immunostainings. Additionally, specific Jnk2 inhibition in hepatocytes of NEMOΔhepa/JNK1Δhepa mice was performed using small interfering (si) RNA (siJnk2) nanodelivery. Finally, active signaling pathways were blocked using specific inhibitors. Compound deletion of Jnk1 and Jnk2 in hepatocytes diminished hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in both the DEN model and in NEMOΔhepa mice but in contrast caused massive proliferation of the biliary ducts. Indeed, Jnk1/2 deficiency in hepatocytes of NEMOΔhepa (NEMOΔhepa/JNKΔhepa) animals caused elevated fibrosis, increased apoptosis, increased compensatory proliferation, and elevated inflammatory cytokines expression but reduced HCC. Furthermore, siJnk2 treatment in NEMOΔhepa/JNK1Δhepa mice recapitulated the phenotype of NEMOΔhepa/JNKΔhepa mice. Next, we sought to investigate the impact of molecular pathways in response to compound JNK deficiency in NEMOΔhepa mice. We found that NEMOΔhepa/JNKΔhepa livers exhibited overexpression of the interleukin‐6/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway in addition to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma (Raf)‐mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)‐extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) cascade. The functional relevance was tested by administering lapatinib, which is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of erythroblastic oncogene B‐2 (ErbB2) and EGFR signaling, to NEMOΔhepa/JNKΔhepa mice. Lapatinib effectively inhibited cystogenesis, improved transaminases, and effectively blocked EGFR‐Raf‐MEK‐ERK signaling. Conclusion: We define a novel function of JNK1/2 in cholangiocyte hyperproliferation. This opens new therapeutic avenues devised to inhibit pathways of cholangiocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Cubero
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany.,Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology, and ENT Complutense University School of Medicine Madrid Spain.,12 de Octubre Health Research Institute Madrid Spain
| | - Mohamed Ramadan Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany.,Department of Therapeutic Chemistry National Research Center Giza Egypt
| | - Marius M Woitok
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany
| | - Maximilian Hatting
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany.,Department of Genetics, Physiology, and Microbiology Faculty of Biology Complutense University Madrid Spain
| | - Chaobo Chen
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology, and ENT Complutense University School of Medicine Madrid Spain
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg Germany.,Diagnostic and Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine Institute of Pathology Medical University of Graz Graz Austria.,Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology Medical University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria
| | - Alain de Bruin
- Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Dutch Molecular Pathology Center Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | - Matias A Avila
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra Pamplona Spain.,Hepatology Program Center for Applied Medical Research University of Navarra Pamplona Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Mark V Boekschoten
- Nutrition, Metabolism, and Genomics Group Division of Human Nutrition Wageningen University Wageningen the Netherlands
| | - Roger J Davis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester MA
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Department of Internal Medicine III University Hospital RWTH Aachen Aachen Germany
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Buehler J, Carpenter E, Zeltzer S, Igarashi S, Rak M, Mikell I, Nelson JA, Goodrum F. Host signaling and EGR1 transcriptional control of human cytomegalovirus replication and latency. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1008037. [PMID: 31725811 PMCID: PMC6855412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained phosphotinositide3-kinase (PI3K) signaling is critical to the maintenance of alpha and beta herpesvirus latency. We have previously shown that the beta-herpesvirus, human cytomegalovirus (CMV), regulates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), upstream of PI3K, to control states of latency and reactivation. How signaling downstream of EGFR is regulated and how this impacts CMV infection and latency is not fully understood. We demonstrate that CMV downregulates EGFR early in the productive infection, which blunts the activation of EGFR and its downstream pathways in response to stimuli. However, CMV infection sustains basal levels of EGFR and downstream pathway activity in the context of latency in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). Inhibition of MEK/ERK, STAT or PI3K/AKT pathways downstream of EGFR increases viral reactivation from latently infected CD34+ HPCs, defining a role for these pathways in latency. We hypothesized that CMV modulation of EGFR signaling might impact viral transcription important to latency. Indeed, EGF-stimulation increased expression of the UL138 latency gene, but not immediate early or early viral genes, suggesting that EGFR signaling promotes latent gene expression. The early growth response-1 (EGR1) transcription factor is induced downstream of EGFR signaling through the MEK/ERK pathway and is important for the maintenance of hematopoietic stemness. We demonstrate that EGR1 binds the viral genome upstream of UL138 and is sufficient to promote UL138 expression. Further, disruption of EGR1 binding upstream of UL138 prevents the establishment of latency in CD34+ HPCs. Our results indicate a model whereby UL138 modulation of EGFR signaling feeds back to promote UL138 gene expression and suppression of replication for latency. By this mechanism, the virus has hardwired itself into host cell biology to sense and respond to changes in homeostatic host cell signaling. Host signaling is important for regulating states of cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and latency. We have shown that human cytomegalovirus regulates EGFR levels and trafficking and that sustained EGFR or downstream PI3K signaling is a requirement for viral latency. Changes in host signaling have the ability to alter viral and host gene expression to impact the outcome of infection. Here we show that EGFR signaling through MEK/ERK pathway induces the host EGR1 transcription factor that is highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells and necessary for the maintenance of hematopoietic stemness. Downregulation of EGR1 promotes stem cell mobilization and differentiation, known stimuli for CMV reactivation. We identified functional EGR1 binding sites upstream of the UL138 CMV latency gene and EGR1 stimulated UL138 expression to reinforce the latent infection. Mutant viruses where the regulation of UL138 by EGR1 is disrupted are unable to establish latency in CD34+ HPCs. This study advances our understanding of how host signaling impacts decisions to enter into or exit from latency. The regulation of viral gene expression by host signaling allows the virus to sense and respond to changes in host stress or differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Buehler
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Ethan Carpenter
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Sebastian Zeltzer
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Suzu Igarashi
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Michael Rak
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Iliyana Mikell
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Jay A. Nelson
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Felicia Goodrum
- BIO5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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44
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Jung KH, Lee EJ, Park JW, Lee JH, Moon SH, Cho YS, Lee KH. EGF receptor stimulation shifts breast cancer cell glucose metabolism toward glycolytic flux through PI3 kinase signaling. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221294. [PMID: 31532771 PMCID: PMC6750601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers that express epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors (EGFRs) are associated with poor prognosis. Our group recently showed in breast cancer patients that EGFR expression is strongly correlated with high tumor uptake of the glucose analogue, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG). Here, we explored the cellular mechanism and signaling pathways that can explain the relation between EGFR and breast cancer cell glucose metabolism. FDG uptake, lactate production and hexokinase (HK) activity were measured, and proliferation assays and western blots were performed. EGF stimulated an increase of FDG uptake in EGFR-positive T47D and MDA-MB-468 cells, but not in MCF-7 cells. In T47D cells, the effect was dose-dependent and was accompanied by increased lactate production, indicating a shift toward glycolytic flux. This metabolic response occurred through enhanced HK activity and upregulated glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression. EGFR stimulation also increased T47D cell proliferation. Blocking EGFR activation with BIBX1382 or gefitinib completely abolished both FDG uptake and proliferation effects. EGFR stimulation induced MAP kinase (MAPK) and PI3 kinase (PI3K) activation. Increased cell proliferation by EGFR stimulation was completely abolished by MAPK inhibition with PD98059 or by PI3K inhibition with LY294002. Increased FDG uptake was also completely abrogated by PI3K inhibition but was uninfluenced by MAPK inhibition. These findings suggest that the association between breast tumor EGFR expression and high FDG uptake might be contributed by stimulation of the PI3K pathway downstream of EGFR activation. This was in contrast to EGFR-mediated cell proliferation that required MAPK as well as PI3K signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ho Jung
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Won Park
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Moon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Seok Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Han Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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45
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Krynina OI, Korotkevych NV, Labyntsev AJ, Romaniuk SI, Kolybo DV, Komisarenko SV. Influence of human HB-EGF secreted form on cells with different EGFR and ErbB4 quantity. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj91.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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46
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Rezatabar S, Karimian A, Rameshknia V, Parsian H, Majidinia M, Kopi TA, Bishayee A, Sadeghinia A, Yousefi M, Monirialamdari M, Yousefi B. RAS/MAPK signaling functions in oxidative stress, DNA damage response and cancer progression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14951-14965. [PMID: 30811039 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways organize a great constitution network that regulates several physiological processes, like cell growth, differentiation, and apoptotic cell death. Due to the crucial importance of this signaling pathway, dysregulation of the MAPK signaling cascades is involved in the pathogenesis of various human cancer types. Oxidative stress and DNA damage are two important factors which in common lead to carcinogenesis through dysregulation of this signaling pathway. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a common subproduct of oxidative energy metabolism and are considered to be a significant physiological modulator of several intracellular signaling pathways including the MAPK pathway. Studies demonstrated that the MAP kinases extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and p38 were activated in response to oxidative stress. In addition, DNA damage is a partly common circumstance in cell life and may result in mutation, cancer, and even cell death. Recently, accumulating evidence illustrated that the MEK/ERK pathway is associated with the suitable performance of cellular DNA damage response (DDR), the main pathway of tumor suppression. During DDR, the MEK/ERK pathway is regularly activated, which contributes to the appropriate activation of DDR checkpoints to inhibit cell division. Therefore, the aim of this review is to comprehensively discuss the critical function of MAPK signaling in oxidative stress, DNA damage, and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setareh Rezatabar
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ansar Karimian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Cancer & Immunology Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Vahid Rameshknia
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Parsian
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Azramezani Kopi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, Florida
| | - Ali Sadeghinia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Dihydrocapsaicin Inhibits Epithelial Cell Transformation through Targeting Amino Acid Signaling and c-Fos Expression. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061269. [PMID: 31167465 PMCID: PMC6627986 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chili peppers are one of the most widely consumed spices worldwide. However, research on the health benefits of chili peppers and some of its constituents has raised controversy as to whether chili pepper compounds possess cancer-promoting or cancer-preventive effects. While ample studies have been carried out to examine the effect of capsaicin in carcinogenesis, the chemopreventive effect of other major components in chili pepper, including dihydrocapsaicin, capsiate, and capsanthin, is relatively unclear. Herein, we investigated the inhibitory effect of chili pepper components on malignant cell transformation. Among the tested chili pepper compounds, dihydrocapsaicin displayed the strongest inhibitory activity against epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced neoplastic transformation. Dihydrocapsaicin specifically suppressed EGF-induced phosphorylations of the p70S6K1-S6 pathway and the expression of c-Fos. A reduction in c-Fos levels by dihydrocapsaicin led to a concomitant downregulation of AP-1 activation. Further analysis of the molecular mechanism responsible for the dihydrocapsaicin-mediated decrease in phospho-p70S6K1, revealed that dihydrocapsaicin can block amino acid-dependent mechanistic targets of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-p70S6K1-S6 signal activation. Additionally, dihydrocapsaicin was able to selectively augment amino acid deprivation-induced cell death in mTORC1-hyperactive cells. Collectively, dihydrocapsaicin exerted chemopreventive effects through inhibiting amino acid signaling and c-Fos pathways and, thus, might be a promising cancer preventive natural agent.
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48
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Zhou Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Cheng M, Zhao D, Li F. Targeting PAK1 with the Small Molecule Drug AK963/40708899 Suppresses Gastric Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion by Downregulation of PAK1 Activity and PAK1‐Related Signaling Pathways. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 302:1571-1579. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of Education, China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of Education, China Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure‐Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of EducationShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang China
| | - Mao‐Sheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Structure‐Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of EducationShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang China
| | - Dong‐Mei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Structure‐Based Drug Design and Discovery of Ministry of EducationShenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of Education, China Medical University Shenyang China
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49
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Shen Y, Ruan L, Lian C, Li R, Tu Z, Liu H. Discovery of HB-EGF binding peptides and their functional characterization in ovarian cancer cell lines. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:82. [PMID: 30937184 PMCID: PMC6433920 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most frequent causes of cancer death among all gynecologic cancers. Though standard therapy often results in temporary clinical remission, most patients suffer from recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer, which highlights the need for developing new therapeutic agents targeting specific molecules. Previous studies have demonstrated that the native ligand of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and ErbB4, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), plays a critical role in the progression of ovarian cancer and is associated with prognosis of ovarian cancer. In the current study, we tried to develop a peptide-based treatment for ovarian cancer by targeting HB-EGF. After the functions of HB-EGF in promoting migration and invasion of SKOV3 and HO-8910 cells were confirmed, phage display was used to discover peptides binding to HB-EGF. Two peptides, no. 7 and no. 29 were found mildly binding to HB-EGF. Then the effects of these peptides on HB-EGF functions were examined and both peptides no. 7 and no. 29 were found indeed inhibiting the functions of HB-EGF in promoting migration and invasion of SKOV3 and HO-8910 cells in vitro. Further mechanism investigation showed that peptides no. 7 and no. 29 inhibited HB-EGF-promoted cell migration and invasion through attenuating activation of the EGFR signaling pathway manifested by decreased p-Erk1/2 and Snail levels. More importantly, peptides no. 7 and no. 29 showed strong activities in inhibiting migration of SKOV3 cells in vivo. These results provide a proof of concept method for developing novel peptide drugs to combat ovarian cancer through interfering with HB-EGF mediated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Shen
- 1School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Lingling Ruan
- 1School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Caixia Lian
- 2Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Ruyan Li
- 2Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Zhigang Tu
- 2Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
| | - Hanqing Liu
- 1School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 Jiangsu China
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Koonpaew S, Teeravechyan S, Frantz PN, Chailangkarn T, Jongkaewwattana A. PEDV and PDCoV Pathogenesis: The Interplay Between Host Innate Immune Responses and Porcine Enteric Coronaviruses. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:34. [PMID: 30854373 PMCID: PMC6395401 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteropathogenic porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), members of the coronavirus family, account for the majority of lethal watery diarrhea in neonatal pigs in the past decade. These two viruses pose significant economic and public health burdens, even as both continue to emerge and reemerge worldwide. The ability to evade, circumvent or subvert the host’s first line of defense, namely the innate immune system, is the key determinant for pathogen virulence, survival, and the establishment of successful infection. Unfortunately, we have only started to unravel the underlying viral mechanisms used to manipulate host innate immune responses. In this review, we gather current knowledge concerning the interplay between these viruses and components of host innate immunity, focusing on type I interferon induction and signaling in particular, and the mechanisms by which virus-encoded gene products antagonize and subvert host innate immune responses. Finally, we provide some perspectives on the advantages gained from a better understanding of host-pathogen interactions. This includes their implications for the future development of PEDV and PDCoV vaccines and how we can further our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying virus pathogenesis, virulence, and host coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surapong Koonpaew
- Virology and Cell Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Samaporn Teeravechyan
- Virology and Cell Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Phanramphoei Namprachan Frantz
- Virology and Cell Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Thanathom Chailangkarn
- Virology and Cell Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Anan Jongkaewwattana
- Virology and Cell Technology Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathumthani, Thailand
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