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Bonifacio M, Benfato ID, de Almeida Cruz M, de Sales DC, Pandolfo IL, Quintana HT, Carvalho CPDF, de Oliveira CAM, Renno ACM. Effects of photobiomodulation on glucose homeostasis and morphometric parameters in pancreatic islets of diabetic mice. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:1799-1809. [PMID: 34604943 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-021-03434-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diets lead to accumulation of body fat that is associated with the onset of insulin resistance and type II diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, photobiomodulation (PBM) is an electrophysical resource that interacts with cells, stimulating mitochondrial respiration, increasing ATP production, reducing key inflammatory mediators, inhibiting apoptosis, and stimulating angiogenesis. However, little is known about its therapeutic effectiveness on the development of diabetes in diet-induced obese mice. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the effect of PBM applied single point over the pancreas area on glucose homeostasis, insulin expression, and pancreatic morphometric parameters of mice submitted to high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Male mice C57BL6/J were divided into three groups: control group (C), diabetic group (D), and diabetic + PBM (D + PBM). The treatment with PBM started at 9th week and ended in the 12th week, applied 3 × /week. Body mass, fast blood glucose, and glucose and insulin tolerance were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry to detect insulin expression and pancreatic morphometry were also performed. At the end of 12th week, both groups submitted to high-fat diet showed an increase in body mass, adiposity, disturbances on glucose homeostasis, and high insulin expression when compared to the control group. However, mice treated with PBM had more discrete impairments on glucose homeostasis during the glucose tolerance test when compared to untreated D animals. Despite modest, the results were positive and encourage future investigations to explore different doses and duration of PBM to better elucidate its role in obesity-associated type 2 diabetes development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Bonifacio
- Graduação em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Izabelle Dias Benfato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Diabetes Experimental e Sinalização Celular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136. Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Matheus de Almeida Cruz
- Departamento de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioprodutos e Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele Correia de Sales
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabella Liba Pandolfo
- Graduação em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hananiah Tardivo Quintana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Interdisciplinar em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Aparecida Machado de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Diabetes Experimental e Sinalização Celular, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Silva Jardim, 136. Vila Mathias, 11015-020, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Biociências, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Muniz Renno
- Departamento de Biociências, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Natividade da Silva F, Brunetta HS, Bruxel MA, Gomes FA, Rafacho A. Impact of glucocorticoid treatment before pregnancy on glucose homeostasis of offspring exposed to glucocorticoid in adult life. Life Sci 2019; 237:116913. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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3
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Maschio DA, Matheus VA, Collares‐Buzato CB. Islet cells are the source of Wnts that can induce beta‐cell proliferation in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19852-19865. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A. Maschio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Valquíria A. Matheus
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carla B. Collares‐Buzato
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP) Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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4
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Kowalska M, Rupik W. Development of endocrine pancreatic islets in embryos of the grass snake Natrix natrix
(Lepidosauria, Serpentes). J Morphol 2018; 280:103-118. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kowalska
- Department of Animal Histology and Embryology; University of Silesia in Katowice; Poland
| | - Weronika Rupik
- Department of Animal Histology and Embryology; University of Silesia in Katowice; Poland
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5
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Aguiar BA, Orechio D, Fratini P, Carreira ACO, Castelucci P, Miglino MA. Isolation and Characterization of Pancreatic Canine Fetal Cells at the Final Stage of Gestation. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 302:1409-1418. [PMID: 30332726 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus in dogs is increasing in recent years, mainly because of genetic and/or environmental factors, including endocrine disorders (like in humans); failure of suitable control of blood sugar levels, which triggers hyperglycemia; glycosuria and weight loss, which demands the development of innovative treatments to cure or treat this complex disease in dogs. The present study established for the first time a protocol to obtain and characterize cells derived from pancreas of canine fetuses. Those fetuses do not have a defined breed and were at the final stage of gestation. The protocol aims to provide morphological data to enable future applications of these cells for therapeutic approaches. In cell culture, pancreatic cells showed a fibroblast-like appearance with a mono-layered growth pattern and were not tumorigenic. They exhibited a positive expression for the pluripotent proliferation markers NANOG and PCNA and expressed PDX1, a transcription factor that is important for activation of the insulin gene promoter. In addition, Tyrosine Hydroxylase-positive (TH+) sympathetic nerve fibers were identified. Histologically, the pancreatic epithelium was developed, pancreatic glands in the fetuses were like those in the parenchyma of postconception dogs and pancreatic islets were unevenly distributed and organized in small clusters along the glands close to the vasculature. Staining with dithizone indicated the presence of insulin in the cells. A large number of beta cells were confirmed by immunofluorescence. In conclusion, the canine fetal pancreas cells could be an alternative and adequate source of cell lineages for stem cell therapies for diabetes treatment. Anat Rec, 302:1409-1418, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Andrade Aguiar
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dailiany Orechio
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paula Fratini
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Oliveira Carreira
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,NUCEL (Cell and Molecular Therapy Center), Internal Medical Department, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Interunits Graduate Program in Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Castelucci
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Angelica Miglino
- Department of Surgery Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in pancreatic beta cells during the compensatory islet hyperplasia in prediabetic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1534-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Abdel-Hamid AAM, Firgany AEDL. Favorable outcomes of hydroxychloroquine in insulin resistance may be accomplished by adjustment of the endothelial dysfunction as well as the skewed balance of adipokines. Acta Histochem 2016; 118:560-573. [PMID: 27320898 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been demonstrated to reduce the risk to develop diabetes mellitus (DM). However no previous experimental study had investigated its effect on the structure of the endocrine pancreas, islets of Langerhans (IOL), in insulin resistance (IR). In addition, the mechanism by which HCQ can prevent DM is not well understood. In this study, we hypothesized that the possible favorable outcome of HCQ may be partly achieved by its molecular effect on the endothelial stress markers as well as on the imparied balance of the adipokines that usually accompanies IR. A total of 54 rats were divided equally into; control, high fat diet (HFD) and HFD+HCQ groups (received standard chow, HFD and HFD+HCQ respectively). After 12 weeks, samples from pancreas as well as visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were histologically studied for the consequent changes. In the HFD group, there were mild degenerative changes and expansion of the IOL accompanied with a significantly increased (p<0.05) β-cell area%, mass, proliferation and neogenesis as well as a significantly decreased (p<0.05) α-cell area% compared with the other groups. On combining HCQ with HFD, reversal of these changes along with correction of the impaired adipokines levels (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin and lipocalin-2) and significant decrease (p<0.05) of the vascular endothelial stress markers (sE-selectin, sICAM and sVICAM) were manifested compared with the HFD group. Therefore, HCQ favorable effects in IR may be attributed to relieving of the endothelial stress as well as normalization of the skewed balance of adipokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A M Abdel-Hamid
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Alaa El-Din L Firgany
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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8
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Calzada L, Morales A, Sosa-Larios TC, Reyes-Castro LA, Rodríguez-González GL, Rodríguez-Mata V, Zambrano E, Morimoto S. Maternal protein restriction during gestation impairs female offspring pancreas development in the rat. Nutr Res 2016; 36:855-62. [PMID: 27440540 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A maternal low-protein (LP) diet programs fetal pancreatic islet β-cell development and function and predisposes offspring to metabolic dysfunction later in life. We hypothesized that maternal protein restriction during pregnancy differentially alters β- and α-cell populations in offspring by modifying islet ontogeny and function throughout life. We aimed to investigate the effect of an LP maternal diet on pancreatic islet morphology and cellular composition in female offspring on postnatal days (PNDs) 7, 14, 21, 36, and 110. Mothers were divided into 2 groups: during pregnancy, the control group (C) was fed a diet containing 20% casein, and the LP group was fed an isocaloric diet with 10% casein. Offspring pancreases were obtained at each PND and then processed. β and α cells were detected by immunohistochemistry, and cellular area and islet size were quantified. Islet cytoarchitecture and total area were similar in C and LP offspring at all ages studied. At the early ages (PNDs 7-21), the proportion of β cells was lower in LP than C offspring. The proportion of α cells was lower in LP than C offspring on PND 14 and higher on PND 21. The β/α-cell ratio was lower in LP compared with C offspring on PNDs 7 and 21 and higher on PND 36 (being similar on PNDs 14 and 110). We concluded that maternal protein restriction during pregnancy modifies offspring islet cell ontogeny by altering the proportions of islet sizes and by reducing the number of β cells postnatally, which may impact pancreatic function in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Calzada
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Morales
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tonantzin C Sosa-Larios
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis A Reyes-Castro
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe L Rodríguez-González
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Verónica Rodríguez-Mata
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apto 70-250, CP. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sumiko Morimoto
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition "Salvador Zubirán", Vasco de Quiroga 15 Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, CP. 14080 Mexico City, Mexico.
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9
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Reduced insulin secretion function is associated with pancreatic islet redistribution of cell adhesion molecules (CAMS) in diabetic mice after prolonged high-fat diet. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:13-31. [PMID: 27020567 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1428-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular junctions play a role in regulating islet cytoarchitecture, insulin biosynthesis and secretion. In this study, we investigated the animal metabolic state as well as islet histology and cellular distribution/expression of CAMs and F-actin in the endocrine pancreas of C57BL/6/JUnib mice fed a high-fat diet (HFd) for a prolonged time period (8 months). Mice fed a HFd became obese and type 2 diabetic, displaying significant peripheral insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and moderate hyperinsulinemia. Isolated islets of HFd-fed mice displayed a significant impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion associated with a diminished frequency of intracellular calcium oscillations compared with control islets. No marked change in islet morphology and cytoarchitecture was observed; however, HFd-fed mice showed higher beta cell relative area in comparison with controls. As shown by immunohistochemistry, ZO-1, E-, N-cadherins, α- and β-catenins were expressed at the intercellular contact site of endocrine cells, while VE-cadherin, as well as ZO-1, was found at islet vascular compartment. Redistribution of N-, E-cadherins and α-catenin (from the contact region to the cytoplasm in endocrine cells) associated with increased submembranous F-actin cell level as well as increased VE-cadherin islet immunolabeling was observed in diabetic mice. Increased gene expression of VE-cadherin and ZO-1, but no change for the other proteins, was observed in islets of diabetic mice. Only in the case of VE-cadherin, a significant increase in islet content of this CAM was detected by immunoblotting in diabetic mice. In conclusion, CAMs are expressed by endocrine and endothelial cells of pancreatic islets. The distribution/expression of N-, E- and VE-cadherins as well as α-catenin and F-actin is significantly altered in islet cells of obese and diabetic mice.
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Liu H, Schultz CG, De Blasio MJ, Peura AM, Heinemann GK, Harryanto H, Hunter DS, Wooldridge AL, Kind KL, Giles LC, Simmons RA, Owens JA, Gatford KL. Effect of placental restriction and neonatal exendin-4 treatment on postnatal growth, adult body composition, and in vivo glucose metabolism in the sheep. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015. [PMID: 26219868 PMCID: PMC4631533 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00487.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) increases the risk of adult type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Neonatal exendin-4 treatment can prevent diabetes in the IUGR rat, but whether this will be effective in a species where the pancreas is more mature at birth is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of neonatal exendin-4 administration after experimental restriction of placental and fetal growth on growth and adult metabolic outcomes in sheep. Body composition, glucose tolerance, and insulin secretion and sensitivity were assessed in singleton-born adult sheep from control (CON; n = 6 females and 4 males) and placentally restricted pregnancies (PR; n = 13 females and 7 males) and in sheep from PR pregnancies that were treated with exendin-4 as neonates (daily sc injections of 1 nmol/kg exendin-4; PR + exendin-4; n = 11 females and 7 males). Placental restriction reduced birth weight (by 29%) and impaired glucose tolerance in the adult but did not affect adult adiposity, insulin secretion, or insulin sensitivity. Neonatal exendin-4 suppressed growth during treatment, followed by delayed catchup growth and unchanged adult adiposity. Neonatal exendin-4 partially restored glucose tolerance in PR progeny but did not affect insulin secretion or sensitivity. Although the effects on glucose tolerance are promising, the lack of effects on adult body composition, insulin secretion, and insulin sensitivity suggest that the neonatal period may be too late to fully reprogram the metabolic consequences of IUGR in species that are more mature at birth than rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Liu
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Christopher G Schultz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, PET and Bone Densitometry, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; and
| | - Miles J De Blasio
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Anita M Peura
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Gary K Heinemann
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Himawan Harryanto
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Damien S Hunter
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, and
| | - Amy L Wooldridge
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Karen L Kind
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, and
| | - Lynne C Giles
- School of Population Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Julie A Owens
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health
| | - Kathryn L Gatford
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health,
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11
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Postnatal β-cell maturation is associated with islet-specific microRNA changes induced by nutrient shifts at weaning. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8084. [PMID: 26330140 PMCID: PMC4569696 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-induced insulin secretion is an essential function of pancreatic β-cells that is partially lost in individuals affected by Type 2 diabetes. This unique property of β-cells is acquired through a poorly understood postnatal maturation process involving major modifications in gene expression programs. Here we show that β-cell maturation is associated with changes in microRNA expression induced by the nutritional transition that occurs at weaning. When mimicked in newborn islet cells, modifications in the level of specific microRNAs result in a switch in the expression of metabolic enzymes and cause the acquisition of glucose-induced insulin release. Our data suggest microRNAs have a central role in postnatal β-cell maturation and in the determination of adult functional β-cell mass. A better understanding of the events governing β-cell maturation may help understand why some individuals are predisposed to developing diabetes and could lead to new strategies for the treatment of this common metabolic disease. Pancreatic β-cells are less responsive to changes in glucose concentration in newborn than in adult rats. Here, the authors show that functional β-cell maturation is associated with changes in miRNA expression induced by nutritional shifts at the suckling-to-weaning transition.
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12
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Oliveira RB, Maschio DA, Carvalho CPF, Collares-Buzato CB. Influence of gender and time diet exposure on endocrine pancreas remodeling in response to high fat diet-induced metabolic disturbances in mice. Ann Anat 2015; 200:88-97. [PMID: 25819502 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated a possible sexual dimorphism regarding metabolic response and structural and functional adaptations of the endocrine pancreas after exposure to a high-fat diet (HFd). On chow diet, male and female C57BL/6/JUnib mice showed similar metabolic and morphometric parameters, except that female islets displayed a relatively lower β-cell:non-β-cell ratio. After 30 days on HFd, both male and female mice showed increased weight gain, however only the males displayed glucose intolerance associated with high postprandial glycemia when compared to their controls. After 60 days on HFd, both genders became obese, hyperglycemic, hyperinsulinemic, insulin resistant and glucose intolerant, although the metabolic changes were more pronounced in males, while females displayed greater weight gain. In both genders, insulin resistance induced by HFd feeding was compensated by expansion of β-cell mass without changes in islet cytoarchitecture. Interestingly, we found a strong correlation between the degree of β-cell expansion and the levels of hyperglycemia in the fed state: male mice fed a 60d-HFd, showing higher glycemic levels also displayed a greater β-cell mass increase in comparison with female mice. Additionally, sexual dimorphism was also observed regarding the source of β-cell mass expansion following 60d-HFd: while in males, both hypertrophy and hyperplasia (revealed by morphometry and Ki67 immunoreaction) of β-cells were observed, female islets displayed only a significant increase in β-cell size. In conclusion, this study describes gender differences in metabolic response to high fat diet, paralleled by distinct compensatory morphometric changes in pancreatic islets.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - D A Maschio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - C P F Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - C B Collares-Buzato
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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d Oliveira RB, Carvalho CPDF, Polo CC, Dorighello GDG, Boschero AC, d Oliveira HCF, Collares-Buzato CB. Impaired compensatory beta-cell function and growth in response to high-fat diet in LDL receptor knockout mice. Int J Exp Pathol 2014; 95:296-308. [PMID: 24853046 PMCID: PMC4170972 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effect of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) deficiency on gap junctional connexin 36 (Cx36) islet content and on the functional and growth response of pancreatic beta-cells in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat (HF) diet. After 60 days on regular or HF diet, the metabolic state and morphometric islet parameters of wild-type (WT) and LDLr-/- mice were assessed. HF diet-fed WT animals became obese and hypercholesterolaemic as well as hyperglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic, glucose intolerant and insulin resistant, characterizing them as prediabetic. Also they showed a significant decrease in beta-cell secretory response to glucose. Overall, LDLr-/- mice displayed greater susceptibility to HF diet as judged by their marked cholesterolaemia, intolerance to glucose and pronounced decrease in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. HF diet induced similarly in WT and LDLr-/- mice, a significant decrease in Cx36 beta-cell content as revealed by immunoblotting. Prediabetic WT mice displayed marked increase in beta-cell mass mainly due to beta-cell hypertrophy/replication. Nevertheless, HF diet-fed LDLr-/- mice showed no significant changes in beta-cell mass, but lower islet-duct association (neogenesis) and higher beta-cell apoptosis index were seen as compared to controls. The higher metabolic susceptibility to HF diet of LDLr-/- mice may be explained by a deficiency in insulin secretory response to glucose associated with lack of compensatory beta-cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo B d Oliveira
- Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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14
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Lipovšek S, Janžekovič F, Leitinger G, Rupnik MS. Rab3a ablation related changes in morphology of secretory vesicles in major endocrine pancreatic cells, pituitary melanotroph cells and adrenal gland chromaffin cells in mice. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 185:67-79. [PMID: 23399968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In this work we have compared the ultrastructural characteristics of major pancreatic endocrine cells, pituitary melanotrophs and adrenal chromaffin cells in the normal mouse strain (wild type, WT) and mice with a known secretory deficit, the Rab3a knockout strain (Rab3a KO). For this purpose, pancreata, pituitary glands and adrenal glands from the Rab3a KO and from the WT mice were analysed, using conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In order to assess the significance of the presence of Rab3a proteins in the relevant cells, we focused primarily on their secretory vesicle morphology and distribution. Our results showed a comparable general morphology in Rab3a KO and WT in all assessed endocrine cell types. In all studied cell types, the distribution of secretory granules along the plasma membrane (number of docked and almost-docked vesicles) was comparable between Rab3a KO and WT mice. Specific differences were found in the diameters of their secretory vesicles, diameters of their electron-dense cores and the presence of autophagic structures in the cells of Rab3A KO mice only. Occasionally, individual electron-dense round vesicles were present inside autophagosome-like structures; these were possibly secretory vesicles or their remnants. The differences found in the diameters of the secretory vesicles confirm the key role of Rab3a proteins in controlling the balance between secretory vesicle biogenesis and degradation, and suggest that the ablation of this protein probably changes the nature of the reservoir of secretory vesicles available for regulated exocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saška Lipovšek
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Slomškov trg 15, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
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Santos-Silva JC, Carvalho CPDF, de Oliveira RB, Boschero AC, Collares-Buzato CB. Cell-to-cell contact dependence and junctional protein content are correlated with in vivo maturation of pancreatic beta cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:837-50. [DOI: 10.1139/y2012-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the cellular distribution of junctional proteins and the dependence on cell–cell contacts of pancreatic beta cells during animal development. Fetus and newborn rat islets, which display a relatively poor insulin secretory response to glucose, present an immature morphology and cytoarchitecture when compared with young and adult islets that are responsive to glucose. At the perinatal stage, beta cells display a low junctional content of neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), α- and β-catenins, ZO-1, and F-actin, while a differential distribution of N-CAM and Pan-cadherin was seen in beta cells and nonbeta cells only from young and adult islets. In the absence of intercellular contacts, the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion was completely blocked in adult beta cells, but after reaggregation they partially reestablished the secretory response to glucose. By contrast, neonatal beta cells were poorly responsive to sugar, regardless of whether they were arranged as intact islets or as isolated cells. Interestingly, after 10 days of culturing, neonatal beta cells, known to display increased junctional protein content in vitro, became responsive to glucose and concomitantly dependent on cell–cell contacts. Therefore, our data suggest that the developmental acquisition of an adult-like insulin secretory pattern is paralleled by a dependence on direct cell–cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junia Carolina Santos-Silva
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas CEP 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina Prado de França Carvalho
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas CEP 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Beltrame de Oliveira
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas CEP 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Beatriz Collares-Buzato
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas CEP 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil
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Taurine supplementation prevents morpho-physiological alterations in high-fat diet mice pancreatic β-cells. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1791-801. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Vargas N, Álvarez-Cubela S, Giraldo JA, Nieto M, Fort NM, Cechin S, García E, Espino-Grosso P, Fraker CA, Ricordi C, Inverardi L, Pastori RL, Domínguez-Bendala J. TAT-mediated transduction of MafA protein in utero results in enhanced pancreatic insulin expression and changes in islet morphology. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22364. [PMID: 21857924 PMCID: PMC3150355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alongside Pdx1 and Beta2/NeuroD, the transcription factor MafA has been shown to be instrumental in the maintenance of the beta cell phenotype. Indeed, a combination of MafA, Pdx1 and Ngn3 (an upstream regulator of Beta2/NeuroD) was recently reported to lead to the effective reprogramming of acinar cells into insulin-producing beta cells. These experiments set the stage for the development of new strategies to address the impairment of glycemic control in diabetic patients. However, the clinical applicability of reprogramming in this context is deemed to be poor due to the need to use viral vehicles for the delivery of the above factors. Here we describe a recombinant transducible version of the MafA protein (TAT-MafA) that penetrates across cell membranes with an efficiency of 100% and binds to the insulin promoter in vitro. When injected in utero into living mouse embryos, TAT-MafA significantly up-regulates target genes and induces enhanced insulin production as well as cytoarchitectural changes consistent with faster islet maturation. As the latest addition to our armamentarium of transducible proteins (which already includes Pdx1 and Ngn3), the purification and characterization of a functional TAT-MafA protein opens the door to prospective therapeutic uses that circumvent the use of viral delivery. To our knowledge, this is also the first report on the use of protein transduction in utero.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Gene Products, tat/genetics
- Gene Products, tat/metabolism
- Insulin/genetics
- Insulin/metabolism
- Islets of Langerhans/cytology
- Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
- Maf Transcription Factors, Large/genetics
- Maf Transcription Factors, Large/metabolism
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Pancreas/embryology
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Protein Binding
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transfection
- Uterus/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Vargas
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Silvia Álvarez-Cubela
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jaime A. Giraldo
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Margarita Nieto
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nicholas M. Fort
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sirlene Cechin
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Enrique García
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Pedro Espino-Grosso
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Christopher A. Fraker
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Camillo Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Luca Inverardi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ricardo L. Pastori
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Juan Domínguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
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Transgenerational endocrine pancreatic adaptation in mice from maternal protein restriction in utero. Mech Ageing Dev 2011; 132:110-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Carvalho CPF, Barbosa HCL, Britan A, Santos-Silva JCR, Boschero AC, Meda P, Collares-Buzato CB. Beta cell coupling and connexin expression change during the functional maturation of rat pancreatic islets. Diabetologia 2010; 53:1428-37. [PMID: 20361177 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-010-1726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 01/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Cell-cell coupling mediated by gap junctions formed from connexin (CX) contributes to the control of insulin secretion in the endocrine pancreas. We investigated the cellular production and localisation of CX36 and CX43, and gap junction-mediated beta cell coupling in pancreatic islets from rats of different ages, displaying different degrees of maturation of insulin secretion. METHODS The presence and distribution of islet connexins were assessed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. The expression of connexin genes was evaluated by RT-PCR and quantitative real-time PCR. The ultrastructure of gap junctions and the function of connexin channels were assessed by freeze-fracture electron microscopy and tracer microinjection, respectively. RESULTS Young and adult beta cells, which respond to glucose, expressed significantly higher levels of Cx36 (also known as Gjd2) than fetal and newborn beta cells, which respond poorly to the sugar. Accordingly, adult beta cells also showed a significantly higher membrane density of gap junctions and greater intercellular exchange of ethidium bromide than newborn beta cells. Cx43 (also known as Gja1) was not expressed by beta cells, but was located in various cell types at the periphery of fetal and newborn islets. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These findings show that the pattern of connexins, gap junction membrane density and coupling changes in islets during the functional maturation of beta cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P F Carvalho
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
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Bonfleur ML, Vanzela EC, Ribeiro RA, de Gabriel Dorighello G, de França Carvalho CP, Collares-Buzato CB, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, de Oliveira HCF. Primary hypercholesterolaemia impairs glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion in low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice independently of high-fat diet and obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2010; 1801:183-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2009] [Revised: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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