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Chen C, Wang X, Li Y, Zhao T, Wang H, Gao Y, Feng Y, Wang J, Shang L, Wang Y, Zhao B, Dong W. Hypobaric hypoxia causes low fecundity in zebrafish parents and impairment of skeletal development in zebrafish embryos and rat offspring. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 127:108603. [PMID: 38759877 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Hypobaric Hypoxia (HH) negatively affects the cardiovascular and respiratory systems as well as gonadal development and the therefore next generation. This study investigated the effects of HH on zebrafish and SD rats, by exposing them to a low-pressure environment at 6000 m elevation for 30 days to simulate high-altitude conditions. It was indicated that parental zebrafish reared amh under HH had increased embryo mortality, reduced hatchability, and abnormal cartilage development in the offspring. Furthermore, the HH-exposed SD rats had fewer reproductive cells and smaller litters. Moreover, the transcriptome analysis revealed the down-regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. The expression of the gonad-associated genes (amh, pde8a, man2a2 and lhcgr), as well as the gonad and cartilage-related gene bmpr1a, were also down-regulated. In addition, Western blot analysis validated reduced bmpr1a protein expression in the ovaries of HH-treated rats. In summary, these data indicate the negative impact of HH on reproductive organs and offspring development, emphasizing the need for further research and precautions to protect future generations' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yajuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Tianwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yunqi Gao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Yuanzhou Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lixin Shang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yongan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.
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2
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Singh W, Kushwaha P. Potassium: A Frontier in Osteoporosis. Horm Metab Res 2024; 56:329-340. [PMID: 38346690 DOI: 10.1055/a-2254-8533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a significant public health concern, particularly in aging populations, leading to fractures, decreased mobility, and reduced quality of life. While calcium and vitamin D have long been recognized as essential for bone health, emerging research suggests that potassium may play a crucial role in maintaining bone density and preventing osteoporosis. This manuscript explores the relationship between potassium and osteoporosis, delving into the mechanisms, epidemiological evidence, and potential therapeutic implications of potassium in bone health. Furthermore, the manuscript discusses the sources of dietary potassium, its impact on bone metabolism, and the future directions in research and clinical practice regarding potassium's role in osteoporosis management.
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Dupre N, Riou MC, Isaac J, Ferre F, Cormier-Daire V, Kerner S, de La Dure-Molla M, Nowwarote N, Acevedo AC, Fournier BPJ. Root resorptions induced by genetic disorders: A systematic review. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38566363 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Root resorption in permanent teeth is a common pathological process that often follows dental trauma or orthodontic treatment. More rarely, root resorption is a feature of genetic disorders and can help with diagnosis. Thus, the present review aims to determine which genetic disorders could induce pathological root resorptions and thus which mutated genes could be associated with them. METHODS We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. Articles describing root resorptions in patients with genetic disorders were included from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. We synthesized the genetic disorder, the type, severity, and extent of the resorptions, as well as the other systemic and oral symptoms and histological features. RESULTS The synthetic analysis included 25 studies among 937 identified records. We analyzed 21 case reports, three case series, and one cohort study. Overall, we highlighted 14 different pathologies with described root resorptions. Depending on the pathology, the sites of resorption, their extent, and their severity showed differences. CONCLUSION With 14 genetic pathologies suspected to induce root resorptions, our findings are significant and enrich a previous classification. Among them, three metabolic disorders, three calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorders, and osteolysis disorders were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dupre
- Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, APHP, ORARES, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Margot C Riou
- Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, APHP, ORARES, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Juliane Isaac
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Ferre
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Cormier-Daire
- Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, Necker Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Kerner
- Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, APHP, ORARES, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
- Post-Graduate Program in Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, EFP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, APHP, ORARES, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, INSERM UMR1163, Institut Imagine, Necker Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ana Carolina Acevedo
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Oral Histopathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Oral Care Center for Inherited Diseases, University Hospital of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Benjamin P J Fournier
- Reference Center for Oral and Dental Rare Diseases, APHP, ORARES, Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Des Cordeliers, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Oral Biology, Pediatric Dentistry, and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Odontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Wang S, Ko CC, Chung MK. Nociceptor mechanisms underlying pain and bone remodeling via orthodontic forces: toward no pain, big gain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2024; 5:1365194. [PMID: 38455874 PMCID: PMC10917994 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2024.1365194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Orthodontic forces are strongly associated with pain, the primary complaint among patients wearing orthodontic braces. Compared to other side effects of orthodontic treatment, orthodontic pain is often overlooked, with limited clinical management. Orthodontic forces lead to inflammatory responses in the periodontium, which triggers bone remodeling and eventually induces tooth movement. Mechanical forces and subsequent inflammation in the periodontium activate and sensitize periodontal nociceptors and produce orthodontic pain. Nociceptive afferents expressing transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) play central roles in transducing nociceptive signals, leading to transcriptional changes in the trigeminal ganglia. Nociceptive molecules, such as TRPV1, transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype 1, acid-sensing ion channel 3, and the P2X3 receptor, are believed to mediate orthodontic pain. Neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptides and substance P can also regulate orthodontic pain. While periodontal nociceptors transmit nociceptive signals to the brain, they are also known to modulate alveolar bone remodeling in periodontitis. Therefore, periodontal nociceptors and nociceptive molecules may contribute to the modulation of orthodontic tooth movement, which currently remains undetermined. Future studies are needed to better understand the fundamental mechanisms underlying neuroskeletal interactions in orthodontics to improve orthodontic treatment by developing novel methods to reduce pain and accelerate orthodontic tooth movement-thereby achieving "big gains with no pain" in clinical orthodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ching-Chang Ko
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Man-Kyo Chung
- Department of Neural and Pain Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Hughes L, Centner C. Idiosyncratic bone responses to blood flow restriction exercise: new insights and future directions. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:283-297. [PMID: 37994414 PMCID: PMC11212818 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00723.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Applying blood flow restriction (BFR) during low-load exercise induces beneficial adaptations of the myotendinous and neuromuscular systems. Despite the low mechanical tension, BFR exercise facilitates a localized hypoxic environment and increase in metabolic stress, widely regarded as the primary stimulus for tissue adaptations. First evidence indicates that low-load BFR exercise is effective in promoting an osteogenic response in bone, although this has previously been postulated to adapt primarily during high-impact weight-bearing exercise. Besides studies investigating the acute response of bone biomarkers following BFR exercise, first long-term trials demonstrate beneficial adaptations in bone in both healthy and clinical populations. Despite the increasing number of studies, the physiological mechanisms are largely unknown. Moreover, heterogeneity in methodological approaches such as biomarkers of bone metabolism measured, participant and study characteristics, and time course of measurement renders it difficult to formulate accurate conclusions. Furthermore, incongruity in the methods of BFR application (e.g., cuff pressure) limits the comparability of datasets and thus hinders generalizability of study findings. Appropriate use of biomarkers, effective BFR application, and befitting study design have the potential to progress knowledge on the acute and chronic response of bone to BFR exercise and contribute toward the development of a novel strategy to protect or enhance bone health. Therefore, the purpose of the present synthesis review is to 1) evaluate current mechanistic evidence; 2) discuss and offer explanations for similar and contrasting data findings; and 3) create a methodological framework for future mechanistic and applied research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Hughes
- Department of Sport Exercise & Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Centner
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Praxisklinik Rennbahn, Muttenz, Switzerland
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Shen L, Lv J, Li J, Zhou J, Wang X. Managing Osteoporosis in COPD. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:896-901. [PMID: 37711118 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230913105752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a serious respiratory disease with high morbidity, disability and mortality worldwide. Every year, many people die from the disease or its comorbidities. Osteoporosis is a common complication of COPD, which can lead to increased fractures in COPD patients, aggravate the disease, and then bring great pain and burden to patients. The possible factors leading to osteoporosis in COPD patients include systemic inflammation, corticosteroid use, vitamin D deficiency, physical inactivity, tobacco exposure, lower bone mineral density, hypogonadism, hypoxia, and anemia. In clinical practice, the rate of diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in patients with COPD is low. Several studies demonstrated that treating osteoporosis with bisphosphonates could improve bone density, make breathing easier, and improve the quality of life of COPD patients. However, no studies have examined the effect of anti-osteoporosis therapy on fracture prevention in COPD patients. More research is needed to clarify how to implement holistic medical interventions in COPD patients with osteoporosis. We recommend that every COPD patient be screened for osteoporosis and treated with standard medications for primary osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilan Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin 730900, China
| | - Juanqin Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin 730900, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin 730900, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin 730900, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin 730900, China
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Salaudeen MA, Allan S, Pinteaux E. Hypoxia and interleukin-1-primed mesenchymal stem/stromal cells as novel therapy for stroke. Hum Cell 2024; 37:154-166. [PMID: 37987924 PMCID: PMC10764391 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00997-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Promising preclinical stroke research has not yielded meaningful and significant success in clinical trials. This lack of success has prompted the need for refinement of preclinical studies with the intent to optimize the chances of clinical success. Regenerative medicine, especially using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), has gained popularity in the last decade for treating many disorders, including central nervous system (CNS), such as stroke. In addition to less stringent ethical constraints, the ample availability of MSCs also makes them an attractive alternative to totipotent and other pluripotent stem cells. The ability of MSCs to differentiate into neurons and other brain parenchymal and immune cells makes them a promising therapy for stroke. However, these cells also have some drawbacks that, if not addressed, will render MSCs unfit for treating ischaemic stroke. In this review, we highlighted the molecular and cellular changes that occur following an ischaemic stroke (IS) incidence and discussed the physiological properties of MSCs suitable for tackling these changes. We also went further to discuss the major drawbacks of utilizing MSCs in IS and how adequate priming using both hypoxia and interleukin-1 can optimize the beneficial properties of MSCs while eliminating these drawbacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Adenike Salaudeen
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Division of Neuroscience, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Stuart Allan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Division of Neuroscience, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Emmanuel Pinteaux
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Division of Neuroscience, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Lin S, Marvidou AM, Novak R, Moreinos D, Abbott PV, Rotstein I. Pathogenesis of non-infection related inflammatory root resorption in permanent teeth: A narrative review. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1432-1445. [PMID: 37712904 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism of action of root resorption in a permanent tooth can be classified as infection-related (e.g., microbial infection) or non-infection-related (e.g., sterile damage). Infection induced root resorption occurs due to bacterial invasion. Non-infection-related root resorption stimulates the immune system through a different mechanism. OBJECTIVES The aim of this narrative review is to describe the pathophysiologic process of non-infection-related inflammatory processes involved in root resorption of permanent teeth. METHODS A literature search on root resorption was conducted using Scopus (PubMed and Medline) and Google Scholar databases to highlight the pathophysiology of bone and root resorption in non-infection-related situations. The search included key words covering the relevant category. It included in vitro and in vivo studies, systematic reviews, case series, reviews, and textbooks in English. Conference proceedings, lectures and letters to the editor were excluded. RESULTS Three types of root resorption are related to the non-infection mechanism of action, which includes surface resorption due to either trauma or excessive orthodontic forces, external replacement resorption and external cervical resorption. The triggers are usually damage associated molecular patterns and hypoxia conditions. During this phase macrophages and clastic cells act to eliminate the damaged tissue and bone, eventually enabling root resorption and bone repair as part of wound healing. DISCUSSION The resorption of the root occurs during the inflammatory phase of wound healing. In this phase, damaged tissues are recognized by macrophages and neutrophiles that secrete interlaukines such as TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8. Together with the hypoxia condition that accelarates the secretion of growth factors, the repair of the damaged perioduntiom, including damaged bone, is initiated. If the precementum and cementoblast are injured, root resorption can occur. CONCLUSIONS Wound healing exhibits different patterns of action that involves immune stimulation in a bio-physiological activity, that occurs in the proper sequence, with overlapping phases. Two pathologic conditions, DAMPs and hypoxia, can activate the immune cells including clastic cells, eliminating damaged tissue and bone. Under certain conditions, root resorption occurs as a side effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaul Lin
- The Israeli National Center for Trauma & Emergency Medicine Research, Gertner Institute, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Department of Endodontics, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Athina M Marvidou
- Department of Endodontology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rostislav Novak
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Orthopedic Department, Orthopedic Oncology Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Daniel Moreinos
- Endodontic Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Paul Vincent Abbott
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Ilan Rotstein
- University of Southern California, California, Los Angeles, USA
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Lu HJ, Wu XB, Wei QQ. Ion channels in cancer-induced bone pain: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1239599. [PMID: 37664239 PMCID: PMC10469682 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1239599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) caused by bone metastasis is one of the most prevalent diseases, and current treatments rely primarily on opioids, which have significant side effects. However, recent developments in pharmaceutical science have identified several new mechanisms for CIBP, including the targeted modification of certain ion channels and receptors. Ion channels are transmembrane proteins, which are situated on biological cell membranes, which facilitate passive transport of inorganic ions across membranes. They are involved in various physiological processes, including transmission of pain signals in the nervous system. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the role of ion channels in chronic pain, including CIBP. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current literature on ion channels, related receptors, and drugs and explore the mechanism of CIBP. Targeting ion channels and regulating their activity might be key to treating pain associated with bone cancer and offer new treatment avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Jun Lu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Qian-Qi Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Xizang, China
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Li Q, Zhang W, Deng J, Li Q, Fu X, Kou Y, Han N. Ameliorative Effects of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Apoptosis and Differentiation of Osteoblasts Treated with CoCl 2. Cell Reprogram 2023. [PMID: 37184657 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2023.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe osteoporotic fracture occurring in sites with inadequate blood supply can cause irreversible damage to cells, particularly osteoblasts, with current drug and surgical interventions exhibiting limitations for elderly individuals. As participants mediating intercellular communication, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are rarely reported to play functional roles in osteoblasts under hypoxia. Our study mainly investigated the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived EVs (BMSCs-EVs) on apoptosis and differentiation of osteoblasts treated with CoCl2. Primary rat BMSCs and osteoblasts were extracted as required for the following experiments. Cell counting kit 8 assay was used to explore the concentration of CoCl2 for treating osteoblasts, and we found that 100 μM CoCl2 was appropriate to treat osteoblasts for 48 hours. The analysis of flow cytometer showed that CoCl2-treated osteoblasts apoptosis can be ameliorated when cocultured with BMSCs-EVs. Further findings revealed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) was related to CoCl2-induced apoptosis. In addition, our results demonstrated that EVs exerted an important role in increasing expression levels of ALP, BMP-2, OCN, and OSTERIX under hypoxia. Similarly, the functional effects of BMSCs-EVs were observed on the osteoblasts mineralization. In summary, these findings provide insight that BMSCs-EVs might decrease the effect of CoCl2-induced apoptosis through inhibiting ROS, and promote osteogenic differentiation under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuya Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhui Kou
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- National Center of Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- National Center of Trauma Medicine, Beijing, China
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Cai F, Liu Y, Liu K, Zhao R, Chen W, Yusufu A, Liu Y. Diabetes mellitus impairs bone regeneration and biomechanics. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:169. [PMID: 36872328 PMCID: PMC9987049 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the rise of high-calorie diets and the aging of populations, the incidence of diabetes was increased dramatically in the world and the number of people with diabetes was predicted to rise to 600 million by 2045. Numerous studies have confirmed that several organ systems, including the skeletal system, are seriously affected by diabetes. In that study, the bone regeneration and the biomechanics of the newly regenerated bone were investigated in diabetic rats, which may provide a supplement for previous studies. METHODS A total of 40 SD rats were randomly divided into the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 20). Beyond that high fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) were jointly used in the T2DM group, there were no differences between the two groups in terms of treatment conditions. Distraction osteogenesis was used in all animals for the next experimental observation. The evaluation criterion of the regenerated bone was based on radioscopy (once a week), micro-computed tomography (CT), general morphology, biomechanics (including ultimate load, modulus of elasticity, energy to failure, and stiffness), histomorphometry (including von Kossa, Masson trichrome, Goldner trichrome, and safranin O staining), and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS All rats in the T2DM group with fasting glucose levels (FGL, > 16.7 mmol/L) were allowed to complete the following experiments. The results showed that rats with T2DM have a higher body weight (549.01 g ± 31.34 g) than rats in the control group (488.60 g ± 33.60 g) at the end of observation. Additionally, compared to the control group, slower bone regeneration in the distracted segments was observed in the T2DM group according to radiography, micro-CT, general morphology, and histomorphometry. Furthermore, a biomechanical test showed that there was a worse ultimate load (31.01 ± 3.39%), modulus of elasticity (34.44 ± 5.06%), energy to failure (27.42 ± 5.87%), and stiffness (34.55 ± 7.66%) than the control group (45.85 ± 7.61%, 54.38 ± 9.33%, 59.41 ± 10.96%, and 54.07 ± 9.30%, respectively). Furthermore, the decreased expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were presented in T2DM group by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that diabetes mellitus impairs bone regeneration and biomechanics in newly regenerated bone, a phenomenon that might be related to oxidative stress and poor angiogenesis brought on by the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Cai
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair Surgery, The Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanshi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Trauma and Micro Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ruomei Zhao
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair Surgery, The Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wenjiao Chen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair Surgery, The Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Aihemaitijiang Yusufu
- Department of Trauma and Micro Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery and Wound Repair Surgery, The Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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12
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Sun H, Xu J, Wang Y, Shen S, Xu X, Zhang L, Jiang Q. Bone microenvironment regulative hydrogels with ROS scavenging and prolonged oxygen-generating for enhancing bone repair. Bioact Mater 2023; 24:477-496. [PMID: 36714330 PMCID: PMC9843284 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Large bone defects resulting from fractures and disease are a major clinical challenge, being often unable to heal spontaneously by the body's repair mechanisms. Lines of evidence have shown that hypoxia-induced overproduction of ROS in bone defect region has a major impact on delaying bone regeneration. However, replenishing excess oxygen in a short time cause high oxygen tension that affect the activity of osteoblast precursor cells. Therefore, reasonably restoring the hypoxic condition of bone microenvironment is essential for facilitating bone repair. Herein, we designed ROS scavenging and responsive prolonged oxygen-generating hydrogels (CPP-L/GelMA) as a "bone microenvironment regulative hydrogel" to reverse the hypoxic microenvironment in bone defects region. CPP-L/GelMA hydrogels comprises an antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) and ROS-responsive oxygen-releasing nanoparticles (PFC@PLGA/PPS) co-loaded liposome (CCP-L) and GelMA hydrogels. Under hypoxic condition, CPP-L/GelMA can release CAT for degrading hydrogen peroxide to generate oxygen and be triggered by superfluous ROS to continuously release the oxygen for more than 2 weeks. The prolonged oxygen enriched microenvironment generated by CPP-L/GelMA hydrogel significantly enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis while inhibited osteoclastogenesis. Finally, CPP-L/GelMA showed excellent bone regeneration effect in a mice skull defect model through the Nrf2-BMAL1-autophagy pathway. Hence, CPP-L/GelMA, as a bone microenvironment regulative hydrogel for bone tissue respiration, can effectively scavenge ROS and provide prolonged oxygen supply according to the demand in bone defect region, possessing of great clinical therapeutic potential.
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Key Words
- Alizarin red staining, ARS
- Alkaline phosphatase, ALP
- Bone defect
- Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSC
- Bovine serum albumin, BSA
- Brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1
- Brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1, BMAL1
- Catalase, CAT
- Fetal liver kinase-1, Flk-1
- Human umbilical vein endothelial cells, HUVEC
- Hypoxic microenvironment
- Liposome, Lip
- Microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3, LC3
- Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, NRF2
- Osteocalcin, OCN
- Osteopontin, OPN
- Perfluorocarbon, PFC
- Phosphate-buffered saline, PBS
- Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide), PLGA
- Poly (propylene sulphide), PPS
- Prolonged oxygen generation
- Reactive oxygen species responsiveness
- Reactive oxygen species, ROS
- Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand, RANKL
- Runt-related transcription factor 2, RUNX2
- Short interfering RNA, siRNA
- Soy phosphatidylcholine, SPC
- Type I collagen, Col I
- Western blot, WB
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China,Articular Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Road, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yangyufan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Siyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xingquan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China,Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, PR China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, 226019, Jiangsu, PR China,Corresponding author. State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Law S, Davenport A. The effect of changing dialysate bicarbonate concentration on serum bicarbonate, body weight and normalized nitrogen appearance rate. Artif Organs 2022; 47:891-897. [PMID: 36519969 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most hemodialysis machines deliver a fixed bicarbonate concentration. Higher concentrations may improve acidosis, but risk post-hemodialysis alkalosis, whereas lower concentrations potentially increase acidosis but reduce alkalosis. We reviewed the effects of lowering dialysate bicarbonate. METHODS We reviewed peri-dialysis chemistries in patients switching to a lower bicarbonate dialysate at 4 time points over 19 months. RESULTS We studied 126 patients, mean age 63.7 ± 16.3 years, 57.9% males. Post-hemodialysis alkalosis fell from 1.6 to 0.3% sessions, but pre-hemodialysis acidosis increased from 11.9 to 23.8% sessions (p = 0.005) reducing dialysate bicarbonate from 32 to 28 mmol/L. After 3 months, pre-hemodialysis serum bicarbonate fell (21.1 ± 2.3 to 19.8 ± 2.2 mmol/L), and post-hemodialysis (24.9 ± 2.1 to 22.5 ± 2.0 mmol/L, p < 0.001) with a fall in pre-hemodialysis weight from 74.6 ± 20.7 to 71.7 ± 18.2 kg, normalized protein nitrogen accumulation rate 0.8 ± 0.28 to 0.77 ± 0.2 g/kg/day, p < 0.05, and serum albumin 39.7 ± 4.2 to 37.7 ± 4.9 g/L, p < 0.001. Thereafter, apart from pre- and post-hemodialysis serum bicarbonate, weight and normalized protein nitrogen accumulation stabilized, although albumin remained lower (37.6 ± 4.0 g/L, p < 0.001). On multivariate logistic analysis, serum bicarbonate increased more with lower pre-hemodialysis bicarbonate standardized coefficient β 0.5 (95% confidence interval -0.6 to -0.42), increased normalized protein nitrogen accumulation β 0.2 (0.96 to 2.38), p < 0.001, and session time β 0.09, (0.47 to 5.98), p < 0.022, and less with lower dialysate bicarbonate 0.0-0.23 (-1.54 to -0.74), p < 0.001. CONCLUSION Increases in SE-Bic with hemodialysis, depend on the bicarbonate gradient, session time and nPNA. Lower D-Bic reduces post-hemodialysis alkalosis but increases pre-hemodialysis acidosis and may initially have adverse effects on weight and normalized protein nitrogen accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Law
- UCL Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences University College London London UK
| | - Andrew Davenport
- UCL Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, Faculty of Medical Sciences University College London London UK
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14
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Zai Z, Xu Y, Qian X, Li Z, Ou Z, Zhang T, Wang L, Ling Y, Peng X, Zhang Y, Chen F. Estrogen antagonizes ASIC1a-induced chondrocyte mitochondrial stress in rheumatoid arthritis. J Transl Med 2022; 20:561. [PMID: 36463203 PMCID: PMC9719153 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Destruction of articular cartilage and bone is the main cause of joint dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is a key molecule that mediates the destruction of RA articular cartilage. Estrogen has been proven to have a protective effect against articular cartilage damage, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS We treated rat articular chondrocytes with an acidic environment, analyzed the expression levels of mitochondrial stress protein HSP10, ClpP, LONP1 by q-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Transmission electron microscopy was used to analyze the mitochondrial morphological changes. Laser confocal microscopy was used to analyze the Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Moreover, ASIC1a specific inhibitor Psalmotoxin 1 (Pctx-1) and Ethylene Glycol Tetraacetic Acid (EGTA) were used to observe whether acid stimulation damage mitochondrial function through Ca2+ influx mediated by ASIC1a and whether pretreatment with estrogen could counteract these phenomena. Furthermore, the ovariectomized (OVX) adjuvant arthritis (AA) rat model was treated with estrogen to explore the effect of estrogen on disease progression. RESULTS Our results indicated that HSP10, ClpP, LONP1 protein and mRNA expression and mitochondrial ROS level were elevated in acid-stimulated chondrocytes. Moreover, acid stimulation decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and damaged mitochondrial structure of chondrocytes. Furthermore, ASIC1a specific inhibitor PcTx-1 and EGTA inhibited acid-induced mitochondrial abnormalities. In addition, estrogen could protect acid-stimulated induced mitochondrial stress by regulating the activity of ASIC1a in rat chondrocytes and protects cartilage damage in OVX AA rat. CONCLUSIONS Extracellular acidification induces mitochondrial stress by activating ASIC1a, leading to the damage of rat articular chondrocytes. Estrogen antagonizes acidosis-induced joint damage by inhibiting ASIC1a activity. Our study provides new insights into the protective effect and mechanism of action of estrogen in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyan Zai
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Yayun Xu
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Xuewen Qian
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Zihan Li
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Ziyao Ou
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Tao Zhang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Longfei Wang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Yian Ling
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
| | - Xiaoqing Peng
- grid.412679.f0000 0004 1771 3402Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022 Anhui China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XDepartment of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China ,Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XSchool of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XInflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China ,grid.186775.a0000 0000 9490 772XAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Mei Shan Road, Shu Shan District, Hefei, 230032 Anhui China
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Babu LK, Ghosh D. Looking at Mountains: Role of Sustained Hypoxia in Regulating Bone Mineral Homeostasis in Relation to Wnt Pathway and Estrogen. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-022-09283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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16
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Daljeet M, Warunek S, Covell DA, Monegro A, Giangreco T, Al-Jewair T. Association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and bone mineral density in adult orthodontic populations. Cranio 2022:1-11. [PMID: 36368042 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2022.2142724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and predicted bone mineral density (BMD) in adults presenting for orthodontic treatment. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study included 38 adults divided into OSAS and non-OSAS groups. Using pre-treatment CBCT images, radiographic density (RD) of left and right lateral regions of the 1st cervical vertebrae and dens of the 2nd cervical vertebrae were measured as an indicator for BMD. RESULTS When controlling for age, sex, and BMI, the mean RD was significantly lower in the OSAS group compared to the non-OSAS group (left CV1: 36.69 ± 84.50 vs. 81.67 ± 93.25 Hounsfield Units [HU], respectively, p = 0.031; right CV1: 30.59 ± 81.18 vs. 74.26 ± 91.81 HU, p = 0.045; dens: 159.25 ± 115.96 vs. 223.94 ± 106.09 HU, p = 0.038). CONCLUSION Adults with OSAS have lower values for predicted BMD than those without OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen Warunek
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - David A Covell
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Alberto Monegro
- Pediatric Sleep Center, School of Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Thikriat Al-Jewair
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Nesfatin-1 exerts protective effects on acidosis-stimulated chondrocytes and rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis by inhibiting ASIC1a expression. J Transl Med 2022; 102:859-871. [PMID: 35292759 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nesfatin-1, a newly identified energy-regulating peptide, has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties; however, to date, its effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been previously explored in detail. We previously showed that activation of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) by acidosis plays an important role in RA pathogenesis. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the effects of nesfatin-1 on acidosis-stimulated chondrocyte injury in vitro and in vivo and examined the involvement of ASIC1a and the mechanism underlying the effects of nesfatin-1 on RA. Acid-stimulated articular chondrocytes were used to examine one of the several possible mechanisms underlying RA pathogenesis in vitro. The mRNA expression profile of acid-induced chondrocytes treated or not treated with nesfatin-1 was investigated by RNA sequencing. The effects of nesfatin-1 on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in acid-induced chondrocytes were measured. The mechanistic effect of nesfatin-1 on ASIC1a expression and intracellular Ca2+ in acid-stimulated chondrocytes was studied. Rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) were used for in vivo analysis of RA pathophysiology. Cartilage degradation and ASIC1a expression in chondrocytes were detected in rats with AA after intraarticular nesfatin-1 injection. The in vitro experiments showed that nesfatin-1 decreased acidosis-induced cytotoxicity and elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels in chondrocytes. Moreover, it attenuated acid-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in chondrocytes. Nesfatin-1 decreased ASIC1a protein levels in acid-stimulated chondrocytes via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. In vivo analysis showed that nesfatin-1 ameliorated cartilage degradation and decreased ASIC1a expression in the chondrocytes of rats with AA. Collectively, nesfatin-1 suppressed acidosis-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in acid-stimulated chondrocytes and alleviated arthritis symptoms in rats with AA, and its mechanism may be related to its ability to decrease ASIC1a protein levels via the MAPK/ERK and NF-κB pathways.
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Miyaguchi M, Nakanishi Y, Maturana AD, Mizutani K, Niimi T. Conformational Change of the Hairpin-like-structured Robo2 Ectodomain Allows NELL1/2 Binding. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167777. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Zhao JM, Wang BY, Huang JF, Xie HS, Chen ML, Chen GP. Assessment of bone mineral density and bone metabolism in young men with obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:682. [PMID: 35842641 PMCID: PMC9287988 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients during sleep may have an effect on bone metabolism. Few data regarding evaluation of bone metabolism in young individuals diagnosed with OSA. In this study, we aim to identify the association between bone mineral density and OSA in young men (≤ 40 years old of age). METHODS Consecutive male subjects who underwent polysomnography were enrolled. Serum calcium, 25-hydroxyvitamin-D3, β-isomerized form C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, osteocalcin and procollagen type 1 N-propeptide were measured in all participants, and bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck and hip total were determined by dual energy X-ray absorption (DXA). RESULTS The population consisted of 85 subjects (mean age 35.53 years). The BMD at lumbar spine (L1-L4) in moderate OSA patients was higher than control and severe OSA group significantly (p = 0.036). After adjustment for confounding factors, stepwise multiple linear regression analyses showed LaSO2 (β = 0.340, p = 0.008) as an independent explanatory variable for Lumbar L1-L4 BMD, LaSO2 (β = 0.304, p = 0.037), BMI (β = 0.393, p = 0.008) for femur neck BMD and BMI (β = 0.720, p = 0.002) for hip total BMD. CONCLUSIONS Our finding indicated that there was a relationship between OSA and bone metabolism in younger men, and moderate OSA-related hypoxia positively related with BMD. This study also showed that different degrees of recurrent hypoxia had different effects on bone metabolism, a finding that required further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ming Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Sleep-Disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Fujian, China.,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Bi-Ying Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Sleep-Disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Fujian, China.,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Jie-Feng Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Sleep-Disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Fujian, China.,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Han-Sheng Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Sleep-Disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Fujian, China.,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Meng-Lan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China.,Fujian Provincial Sleep-Disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Fujian, China.,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
| | - Gong-Ping Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, NO 20, Chazhong road, Taijiang district, Fuzhou, 350005, People's Republic of China. .,Fujian Provincial Sleep-Disordered Breathing Clinic Center, Fujian, China. .,Institute of Respiratory Disease, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China.
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20
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Wirsig K, Kilian D, von Witzleben M, Gelinsky M, Bernhardt A. Impact of Sr 2+ and hypoxia on 3D triple cultures of primary human osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151256. [PMID: 35839696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An in vitro bone triple culture involving human primary osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts enables the investigation of bone healing factors, drugs or biomaterials in a model system for native bone tissue. The present study analyses the impact of Sr2+ as well as hypoxic cultivation (5% O2 content or chemically induced by Co2+) on bone cells. The three cell types were cultivated together in the presence of 100 µM Sr2+, hypoxic conditions or in the presence of 75 µM Co2+. After cultivation the cell types were separated and analysed on mRNA and protein level individually. In response to Sr2+ osteoblasts showed a downregulation of IBSP expression and a stimulation of ALP activity. Osteocyte gene marker expression of PDPN, MEPE, RANKL, OPG, osteocalcin and likewise the amount of secreted osteocalcin was reduced in the presence of Sr2+. Activity of osteoclast-specific enzymes TRAP and CAII was enhanced compared to the Sr2+ free control. Hypoxic conditions induced by both 5% O2 or a Co2+ treatment led to decreased DNA content of all bone cells and downregulated expression of osteoblast markers ALPL and IBSP as well as osteocyte markers PDPN, RANKL and OPG. In addition, Co2+ induced hypoxia decreased gene and protein expression of osteocalcin in osteocytes. In response to the Co2+ treatment, the TRAP gene expression and activity was increased. This study is the first to analyse the effects of Sr2+ or hypoxia on triple cultures with primary human bone cells. The investigated in vitro bone model might be suitable to reduce animal experiments in early stages of biomaterial and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wirsig
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - David Kilian
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Max von Witzleben
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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21
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Gu H, Ru Y, Wang W, Cai G, Gu L, Ye J, Zhang WB, Wang L. Orexin-A Reverse Bone Mass Loss Induced by Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Through OX1R-Nrf2/HIF-1α Pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:2145-2160. [PMID: 35818538 PMCID: PMC9270907 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s363286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies suggest that there is a potential connection between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and osteoporosis through dysregulation of bone metabolism. Orexin-A, a neuroprotective peptide secreted by the hypothalamus, is at a lower level in the plasma of OSA patients, which regulates appetite, energy expenditure and sleep-wake states. However, the protective effect of orexin-A on bone metabolism in OSA is unclear. Purpose To investigate whether the activation of OX1R by orexin-A can reverse bone mass loss induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH). Methods Mice were randomly divided into the normoxia group and CIH group. Within the CIH or normoxia groups, treatment groups were given a subcutaneous injection of either orexin-A or saline vehicle once every day for 4 weeks and then femurs were removed for micro-CT scans. Histology and immunohistochemical staining were performed to observe and calculate the changes in femurs as a result of hypoxia. Cell immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the expression of orexin receptors in MC3T3-E1 cells or in bones. CCK-8 assay, ALP assay kit and alizarin red staining were used to detect the viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and capacity of mineralization, respectively. The effect of orexin-A on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells was evaluated using qRT-PCR, Western blot and cell staining. Results CIH led to a decrease in the amount and density of trabecular bone, downregulated OCN expression while increasing osteoclast numbers in femurs and inhibited the expression of RUNX2, OSX, OPN and Nrf2 in MC3T3-E1 cells. Orexin-A treatment alleviated these CIH-induced effects by combining to OX1R. The level of HIF-1α was elevated both in CIH and orexin-A treatment groups. Conclusion CIH environment inhibits osteogenesis and orexin-A can reverse bone mass loss induced by CIH through OX1R-Nrf2/HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Ru
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Guanhui Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Lanxin Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Junjie Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
| | - Wei-Bing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, People′s Republic of China
- Department of Stomatology, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, People′s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wei-Bing Zhang, Department of Stomatology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, 9 Chongwen Road, Suzhou, 215000, People′s Republic of China, Tel +86-512-67505200, Email
| | - Lin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People′s Republic of China
- Lin Wang, Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, People′s Republic of China, Tel +86-025-69593060, Email
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22
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Kristjansdottir HL, Mellström D, Johansson P, Karlsson M, Vandenput L, Lorentzon M, Herlitz H, Ohlsson C, Lerner UH, Lewerin C. Anemia is associated with increased risk of non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures in elderly men: the MrOS Sweden cohort. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:85. [PMID: 35739404 PMCID: PMC9226079 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study includes 1005 men from the Gothenburg part of the Osteoporotic Fracture in Men Study (MrOS). Included are 66 men with anemia (hemoglobin < 130 g/L). The follow-up time was up to 16 years, and the main results are that anemia is associated with all fractures and non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures. INTRODUCTION Anemia and osteoporotic fractures are conditions that are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Clinical studies have suggested that anemia can be used as a predictor of future osteoporotic fractures. METHOD Men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) Sweden, Gothenburg, with available hemoglobin (Hb) values (n = 1005, median age 75.3 years (SD 3.2)), were included in the current analyses. Of these, 66 suffered from anemia, defined as Hb < 130 g/L. Median follow-up time for fracture was 10.1 years and the longest follow-up time was 16.1 years. RESULTS Men with anemia had, at baseline, experienced more falls and had a higher prevalence of diabetes, cancer, prostate cancer, hypertension, and stroke. Anemia was not statistically significantly associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Men with anemia had higher serum levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (iFGF23) (p < 0.001) and phosphate (p = 0.001) and lower serum levels of testosterone (p < 0.001) and estradiol (p < 0.001). Moreover, men with anemia had an increased risk of any fracture (hazard ratio (HR) 1.97, 95% CI 1.28-3.02) and non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.18-3.93), after adjustment for age and total hip BMD, in 10 years. The risk for any fracture was increased in 10 and 16 years independently of falls, comorbidities, inflammation, and sex hormones. The age-adjusted risk of hip fracture was increased in men with anemia (HR 2.32, 95% CI 1.06-5.12), in 10 years, although this was no longer statistically significant after further adjustment for total hip BMD. CONCLUSIONS Anemia is associated with an increased risk for any fracture and non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture in elderly men with a long follow-up time. The cause is probably multifactorial and our results support that anemia can be used as a predictor for future fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hallgerdur Lind Kristjansdottir
- Section of Hematology and Coagulation at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Dan Mellström
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Johansson
- Section of Hematology and Coagulation at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Karlsson
- Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences and Orthopedics, Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Liesbeth Vandenput
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Mary MacKillop, Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mattias Lorentzon
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Mary MacKillop, Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hans Herlitz
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Nephrology, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf H Lerner
- Center for Bone and Arthritis Research (CBAR) at the Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lewerin
- Section of Hematology and Coagulation at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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23
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Chen P, Liu Y, Liu W, Wang Y, Liu Z, Rong M. Impact of High-Altitude Hypoxia on Bone Defect Repair: A Review of Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842800. [PMID: 35620712 PMCID: PMC9127390 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reaching areas at altitudes over 2,500–3,000 m above sea level has become increasingly common due to commerce, military deployment, tourism, and entertainment. The high-altitude environment exerts systemic effects on humans that represent a series of compensatory reactions and affects the activity of bone cells. Cellular structures closely related to oxygen-sensing produce corresponding functional changes, resulting in decreased tissue vascularization, declined repair ability of bone defects, and longer healing time. This review focuses on the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on bone defect repair and discusses the possible mechanisms related to ion channels, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial function, autophagy, and epigenetics. Based on the key pathogenic mechanisms, potential therapeutic strategies have also been suggested. This review contributes novel insights into the mechanisms of abnormal bone defect repair in hypoxic environments, along with therapeutic applications. We aim to provide a foundation for future targeted, personalized, and precise bone regeneration therapies according to the adaptation of patients to high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chen
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushan Liu
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yarong Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingdeng Rong
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Usategui-Martín R, Rigual R, Ruiz-Mambrilla M, Fernández-Gómez JM, Dueñas A, Pérez-Castrillón JL. Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Hypoxia-Induced Alterations in Bone Remodeling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063233. [PMID: 35328654 PMCID: PMC8953213 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is crucial for the support of muscles and the protection of vital organs, and as a reservoir of calcium and phosphorus. Bone is one of the most metabolically active tissues and is continuously renewed to adapt to the changes required for healthy functioning. To maintain normal cellular and physiological bone functions sufficient oxygen is required, as evidence has shown that hypoxia may influence bone health. In this scenario, this review aimed to analyze the molecular mechanisms involved in hypoxia-induced bone remodeling alterations and their possible clinical consequences. Hypoxia has been associated with reduced bone formation and reduced osteoblast matrix mineralization due to the hypoxia environment inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. A hypoxic environment is involved with increased osteoclastogenesis and increased bone resorptive capacity of the osteoclasts. Clinical studies, although with contradictory results, have shown that hypoxia can modify bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Usategui-Martín
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- IOBA, University of Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.U.-M.); (J.L.P.-C.)
| | - Ricardo Rigual
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- IBGM, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Mambrilla
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - José-María Fernández-Gómez
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Antonio Dueñas
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Department of Toxicology, Río Hortega University Hospital, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Luis Pérez-Castrillón
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, 47003 Valladolid, Spain;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Río Hortega University Hospital, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.U.-M.); (J.L.P.-C.)
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25
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Liu Y, Liu J, Cai F, Liu K, Zhang X, Yusufu A. Hypoxia During the Consolidation Phase of Distraction Osteogenesis Promotes Bone Regeneration. Front Physiol 2022; 13:804469. [PMID: 35283791 PMCID: PMC8905603 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.804469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia is the critical driving force for angiogenesis and can trigger the osteogenic-angiogenic coupling followed by the enhancement of bone regeneration. While lots of studies showed that hypoxia administration can accelerate bone formation during distraction osteogenesis (DO), the therapeutic timing for the osteogenic purpose was concentrated on the distraction phase. The outcomes of hypoxia administration in the consolidation phase stay uncertain. The purpose of this study was to determine the osteogenic effectiveness of hypoxia therapy during the consolidation phase, if any, to enhance bone regeneration in a rat femoral DO model. Methods A total of 42 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent right femoral mid-diaphysis transverse osteotomy and were randomly divided into Control (NS administration, n = 21) and Group1 (deferoxamine therapy, n = 21) after distraction. During the consolidation phase, Group1 was treated with local deferoxamine (DFO) injection into the distraction zone, while the Control underwent the same dosage of NS. Animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of consolidation. The process of bone formation and remodeling was monitored by digital radiographs, and the regenerated bone was evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), biomechanical test, and histological analysis. The serum content of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for further analysis. Results Bone regeneration was significantly enhanced after hypoxia therapy during the consolidation phase. The digital radiograph, micro-CT, and biomechanical evaluation showed better effects regarding volume, continuity, and mechanical properties of the regenerated bone in Group1. The histomorphological evaluation also revealed the hypoxia treatment contributed to accelerate bone formation and remodeling during DO. The higher positive expression of angiogenic and osteogenic markers were observed in Group1 after hypoxia administration according to the immunohistochemical analysis. The serum content of HIF-1α and VEGF was also increased after hypoxia therapy as evidenced from ELISA. Conclusion Hypoxia administration during the consolidation phase of distraction osteogenesis has benefits in enhancing bone regeneration, including accelerates the bone formation and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshi Liu
- Department of Trauma and Microreconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Feiyu Cai
- Department of Trauma and Microreconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Trauma and Microreconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Aihemaitijiang Yusufu
- Department of Trauma and Microreconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
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26
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Ikezaki-Amada K, Miyamoto Y, Sasa K, Yamada A, Kinoshita M, Yoshimura K, Kawai R, Yano F, Shirota T, Kamijo R. Extracellular acidification augments sclerostin and osteoprotegerin production by Ocy454 mouse osteocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 597:44-51. [PMID: 35123265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes sense the microenvironmental stimuli, including mechanical stress, and regulate bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. Diabetes and cancer metastasis to bone raise l-lactic acid in the bone tissue, causing acidification. Here, we investigated the effects of l-lactic acid and extracellular acidification on the function of mouse Ocy454 osteocytes. L- and d-lactic acid with low chiral selectivity and acidification of the medium raised the production of sclerostin and osteoprotegerin by Ocy454 cells. The mRNA expression of their genes increased after either treatment of L- and d-lactic acid or acidification of the medium. Furthermore, the conditioned medium of Ocy454 cells cultured in an acidic environment suppressed the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity in MC3T3-E1 cells, which was recovered by the anti-sclerostin antibody. While it is reported that HDAC5 inhibits the transcription of the sclerostin gene, extracellular acidification reduced the nuclear localization of HDAC5 in Ocy454 cells. While calmodulin kinase II (CaMKII) is known to phosphorylate and induce extranuclear translocation of HDAC5, KN-62, an inhibitor of CaMKII lowered the expression of the sclerostin gene in Ocy454 cells. Collectively, extracellular acidification is a microenvironmental factor that modulates osteocyte functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Ikezaki-Amada
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Miyamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kiyohito Sasa
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kinoshita
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshimura
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Kawai
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Orthodontics, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiko Yano
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shirota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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27
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Wyrwoll CS, Papini MG, Chivers EK, Yuan J, Pavlos NJ, Lucas RM, Bierwirth PN, Larcombe AN. Long-term exposure of mice to 890 ppm atmospheric CO 2 alters growth trajectories and elicits hyperactive behaviours in young adulthood. J Physiol 2022; 600:1439-1453. [PMID: 34731494 DOI: 10.1113/jp282179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) levels are currently at 418 parts per million (ppm), and by 2100 may exceed 900 ppm. The biological effects of lifetime exposure to CO2 at these levels is unknown. Previously we have shown that mouse lung function is altered by long-term exposure to 890 ppm CO2 . Here, we assess the broader systemic physiological responses to this exposure. Mice were exposed to either 460 or 890 ppm from preconception to 3 months of age, and assessed for effects on developmental, renal and osteological parameters. Locomotor, memory, learning and anxiety-like behaviours of the mice were also assessed. Exposure to 890 ppm CO2 increased birthweight, decreased female body weight after weaning, and, as young adults, resulted in reduced engagement in memory/learning tasks, and hyperactivity in both sexes in comparison to controls. There were no clear anxiety, learning or memory changes. Renal and osteological parameters were minimally affected. Overall, this study shows that exposure of mice to 890 ppm CO2 from preconception to young adulthood alters growth and some behaviours, with limited evidence of compensatory changes in acid-base balance. These findings highlight the potential for a direct effect of increased atmospheric CO2 on mammalian health outcomes. KEY POINTS: Long-term exposure to elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 is an uncontrolled experiment already underway. This is the first known study to assess non-respiratory physiological impacts of long-term (conception to young adulthood) exposure of mice to CO2 at levels that may arise in the atmosphere due to global emissions. Exposure to elevated CO2 , in comparison to control mice, altered growth patterns in early life and resulted in hyperactive behaviours in young adulthood. Renal and bone parameters, which are important to balance acid-base levels to compensate for increased CO2 exposure, remained relatively unaffected. This work adds to the body of evidence regarding the effects of carbon emissions on mammalian health and highlights a potential future burden of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin S Wyrwoll
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa G Papini
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Emily K Chivers
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia
| | - Jinbo Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Nathan J Pavlos
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robyn M Lucas
- Emeritus Faculty, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Phil N Bierwirth
- Emeritus Faculty, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Alexander N Larcombe
- Respiratory Environmental Health, Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia.,Occupation, Environment and Safety, School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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28
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Jung M, Ahn SH, Seo S, Cho Y, Seo DH, Kim SH, Hong S. Relationships Between Pulmonary Function and Composite Indices of Femoral Neck Strength in Korean Men (KNHANES IV). J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e66. [PMID: 35226424 PMCID: PMC8885450 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the close relationship between osteoporosis and chronic pulmonary diseases, few studies have evaluated relationships between pulmonary functions and bone quality. We investigated associations between pulmonary function test results and femoral neck strength indices (SIs) in Korean men. METHODS This population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey IV on 936 men aged ≥ 19 years. Pulmonary functions (forced vital capacity [FVC] and forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1]) were measured using a dry rolling seal spirometer. Femoral neck SIs, relative to load, were calculated by hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for compression strength index (CSI), bending strength index (BSI), and impact strength index (ISI). RESULTS The 443 (47.3%) of the 936 men were current smokers. FVC, FVC percentage with respect to the expected normal value, FEV1, and FEV1 percentage with respect to the expected normal value (FEV1p) were positively associated with CSI and BSI after adjusting for confounders, including smoking history (β = 0.003-0.223, P = 0.005-0.036). FEV1 and FEV1p were positively associated with ISI (β = 0.000-0.014, P = 0.010-0.025). Of components of femoral neck SIs, bone mineral density was correlated with FEV1 and FEV1p (β = 0.001-0.037, P = 0.017-0.019). After adjusting for all confounders, all femoral neck SIs increased with FVC quintiles (P for trends = 0.001-0.012), and CSI and BSI increased with FEV1 quintiles (P for trends = 0.034-0.043). CONCLUSION Reduced pulmonary function was correlated with reduced femoral neck strength, even after adjusting for smoking history in Korean men. Femoral neck SIs might be useful tools for evaluating bone health in men with reduced pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihye Jung
- Nasaret International Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seong Hee Ahn
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seongha Seo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yongin Cho
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Da Hea Seo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - So Hun Kim
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seongbin Hong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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29
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Li R, Guan Z, Bi S, Wang F, He L, Niu X, You Y, Liu Y, Ding Y, Siwko S, Wang N, Zhang Z, Jin Y, Luo J. The proton-activated G protein-coupled receptor GPR4 regulates the development of osteoarthritis via modulating CXCL12/CXCR7 signaling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:152. [PMID: 35165253 PMCID: PMC8844071 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases decrease the extracellular environmental pH. However, whether proton-activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) can regulate the development of osteoarthritis (OA) is largely unknown. In this study, we report that proton-activated GPR4 is essential for OA development. We found a marked increase in expression of the proton-activated GPR4 in human and mouse OA cartilage. Lentivirus-mediated overexpression of GPR4 in mouse joints accelerated the development of OA, including promotion of articular cartilage damage, synovial hyperplasia, and osteophyte formation, while Gpr4 knockout effectively attenuated the development of posttraumatic and aging-associated OA in mice. We also found that inhibition of GPR4 with the antagonist NE52-QQ57 ameliorated OA progression in mice, promoted extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and protected cartilage from degradation in human articular cartilage explants. Moreover, GPR4 overexpression upregulated matrix-degrading enzymes’ expression and inflammation factors under pro-inflammatory and slightly acidic conditions. Mechanistically, GPR4 suppressed chondrocyte differentiation and upregulated cartilage homeostasis through NF-κB/MAPK signaling activation by regulating CXCR7/CXCL12 expression. Together, our results take the lead to illustrate that proton-activated GPCR acts as a key regulator for OA pathogenesis in vivo, and support that GPR4 could be a promising therapeutic target for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Zijing Guan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Shuyan Bi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Fanhua Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.,Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201619, PR China
| | - Liang He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.,Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201619, PR China
| | - Xin Niu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yu You
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Yi Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China
| | - Stefan Siwko
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Ziming Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Yunyun Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
| | - Jian Luo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, PR China. .,Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201619, PR China.
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30
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Bergara-Muguruza L, Mäkelä K, Yrjälä T, Salonen J, Yamashita K, Nakamura M. Surface Electric Fields Increase Human Osteoclast Resorption through Improved Wettability on Carbonate-Incorporated Apatite. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:58270-58278. [PMID: 34860490 PMCID: PMC8678988 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclast-mediated bioresorption can be an efficient means of incorporating the dissolution of biomaterials in the bone remodeling process. Because of the compositionally and structurally close resemblance of biomaterials with the natural mineral phases of the bone matrix, synthetic carbonate-substituted apatite (CA) is considered as an ideal biomaterial for clinical use. The present study therefore investigated the effects of electrical polarization on the surface characteristics and interactions with human osteoclasts of hydroxyapatite (HA) and CA. Electrical polarization was found to improve the surface wettability of these materials by increasing the surface free energy, and this effect was maintained for 1 month. Analyses of human osteoclast cultures established that CA subjected to a polarization treatment enhanced osteoclast resorption but did not affect the early differentiation phase or the adherent morphology of the osteoclasts as evaluated by staining. These data suggest that the surface characteristics of the CA promoted osteoclast resorption. The results of this work are expected to contribute to the future design of cell-mediated bioresorbable biomaterials capable of resorption by osteoclasts and of serving as a scaffold for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Bergara-Muguruza
- Medicity
Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Keijo Mäkelä
- Turku
University Hospital, University of Turku, Luolavuorentie 2, 20700 Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Yrjälä
- Turku
University Hospital, University of Turku, Luolavuorentie 2, 20700 Turku, Finland
- Department
of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University
of Turku, Luolavuorentie
2, 20700 Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Salonen
- Medicity
Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Kimihiro Yamashita
- Graduate
School of Medical and Dental Science, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Medicity
Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6, 20520 Turku, Finland
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 1010062 Japan
- Graduate
School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808579 Japan
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31
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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Does Not Have a Negative Impact on Bone Signaling Pathways in Humans. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121714. [PMID: 34946440 PMCID: PMC8701274 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oxygen is emerging as an important factor in the local regulation of bone remodeling. Some preclinical data suggest that hyperoxia may have deleterious effects on bone cells. However, its clinical relevance is unclear. Hence, we studied the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on serum biomarkers reflecting the status of the Wnt and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) pathways, two core pathways for bone homeostasis. Materials and methods: This was a prospective study of 20 patients undergoing HBOT (mean age 58 yrs., range 35–82 yrs.) because of complications of radiotherapy or chronic anal fissure. Patients were subjected to HBOT (100% oxygen; 2.4 atmospheres absolute for 90 min). The average number of HBOT sessions was 20 ± 5 (range 8–31). Serum hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF1-α), osteoprotegerin (OPG), RANKL, and the Wnt inhibitors sclerostin and dickkopf-1 (DKK1) were measured at baseline and after HBOT by using specific immunoassays. Results: HIF-1α in eight patients with measurable serum levels increased from 0.084 (0.098) ng/mL at baseline to 0.146 (0.130) ng/mL after HBOT (p = 0.028). However, HBOT did not induce any significant changes in the serum levels of OPG, RANKL, sclerostin or DKK1. This was independent of the patients’ diagnosis, either neoplasia or benign. Conclusion: Despite the potential concerns about hyperoxia, we found no evidence that HBOT has any detrimental effect on bone homeostasis.
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Wu J, Guo B, Guan H, Mi F, Xu J, Basang, Li Y, Zuo H, Wang L, Feng S, Wei J, Chen G, Li S, Wei Y, Guo Y, Zhao X. The Association Between Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Bone Strength in China. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e5097-e5108. [PMID: 34263315 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Evidence regarding the association of long-term exposure to air pollution on bone strength or osteoporosis is rare, especially in highly polluted low- and middle-income countries. Little is known about whether the association between air pollution and bone strength changes at different bone strength distributions. OBJECTIVE Using the baseline data from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort, we investigated the association between long-term air pollution exposure and bone strength. METHODS We used multiple linear models to estimate the association between air pollution and bone strength, and we conducted quantile regression models to investigate the variation of this association in the distribution of bone strength. The 3-year concentrations of PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 for each participant were assessed using spatial statistical models. Bone strength was expressed by the calcaneus quantitative ultrasound index (QUI) measured by quantitative ultrasound, with higher QUI values indicating greater bone strength. RESULTS A total of 66 598 participants were included. Our analysis shows that every 10 μg/m3 increase in 3-year average PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 was associated with -5.38 units (95% CI: -6.17, -4.60), -1.89 units (95% CI: -2.33, -1.44), -0.77 units (95% CI: -1.08, -0.47), and -2.02 units (95% CI: -2.32, -1.71) changes in the QUI, respectively. In addition, populations with higher bone strength may be more susceptible to air pollution. CONCLUSION Long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 was significantly associated with decreased bone strength in southwestern China adults. Air pollution exposure has a more substantial adverse effect on bones among populations with higher bone strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialong Wu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bing Guo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Han Guan
- School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Fei Mi
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jingru Xu
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Basang
- Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
| | - Yajie Li
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lhasa, Tibet 850002, China
| | - Haojiang Zuo
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lei Wang
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shiyu Feng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa Technology Institute, Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Yonglan Wei
- Chengdu Center for Disease Control &Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610047, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Xing Zhao
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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33
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Talpos-Niculescu RM, Nica LM, Popa M, Talpos-Niculescu S, Rusu LC. External cervical resorption: Radiological diagnosis and literature (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1065. [PMID: 34434279 PMCID: PMC8353645 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
External cervical resorption (ECR) is a relatively unknown and insidious pathology characterized by the loss of hard dental tissues such as: Enamel, cementum and dentine due to clastic function. It begins as a localized resorptive process that initiates on the area of the root beneath the epithelial attachment and the coronal part of the alveolar process, involving vital and non-vital tissues. Despite the fact that there are several potential predisposing factors related to ECR, its aetiology still remains poorly understood and more research is needed to establish the cause-and-effect relationship of all the etiological factors. Improved radiographic detection using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is required in order to correctly classify and assess this entity. This provides a three-dimensional insight into the lesion, regarding the location, the size, the depth and the circumferential spread of the ECR defect. It also allows establishment of the most efficacious treatment plan and management. The purpose of this literature review is to cover the relevant literature concerning the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical and radiological presentation and management of ECRs (based on the CBCT findings).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Maria Talpos-Niculescu
- Third Department, Discipline of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Research Center TADERP, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Luminita-Maria Nica
- Third Department, Discipline of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Research Center TADERP, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Malina Popa
- Second Department, Discipline of Pedodontics, Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300070 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Serban Talpos-Niculescu
- Second Department, Discipline of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300062 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laura Cristina Rusu
- First Department, Discipline of Oral Pathology, Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babes' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300174 Timisoara, Romania
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Di Pompo G, Cortini M, Baldini N, Avnet S. Acid Microenvironment in Bone Sarcomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153848. [PMID: 34359749 PMCID: PMC8345667 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although rare, malignant bone sarcomas have devastating clinical implications for the health and survival of young adults and children. To date, efforts to identify the molecular drivers and targets have focused on cancer cells or on the interplay between cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment. On the contrary, in the current literature, the role of the chemical-physical conditions of the tumour microenvironment that may be implicated in sarcoma aggressiveness and progression are poorly reported and discussed. Among these, extracellular acidosis is a well-recognized hallmark of bone sarcomas and promotes cancer growth and dissemination but data presented on this topic are fragmented. Hence, we intended to provide a general and comprehensive overview of the causes and implications of acidosis in bone sarcoma. Abstract In bone sarcomas, extracellular proton accumulation is an intrinsic driver of malignancy. Extracellular acidosis increases stemness, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy of cancer cells. It reprograms tumour-associated stroma into a protumour phenotype through the release of inflammatory cytokines. It affects bone homeostasis, as extracellular proton accumulation is perceived by acid-sensing ion channels located at the cell membrane of normal bone cells. In bone, acidosis results from the altered glycolytic metabolism of bone cancer cells and the resorption activity of tumour-induced osteoclasts that share the same ecosystem. Proton extrusion activity is mediated by extruders and transporters located at the cell membrane of normal and transformed cells, including vacuolar ATPase and carbonic anhydrase IX, or by the release of highly acidic lysosomes by exocytosis. To date, a number of investigations have focused on the effects of acidosis and its inhibition in bone sarcomas, including studies evaluating the use of photodynamic therapy. In this review, we will discuss the current status of all findings on extracellular acidosis in bone sarcomas, with a specific focus on the characteristics of the bone microenvironment and the acid-targeting therapeutic approaches that are currently being evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Di Pompo
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (G.D.P.); (M.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Margherita Cortini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (G.D.P.); (M.C.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (G.D.P.); (M.C.); (N.B.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
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35
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Ito N, Prideaux M, Wijenayaka AR, Yang D, Ormsby RT, Bonewald LF, Atkins GJ. Sclerostin Directly Stimulates Osteocyte Synthesis of Fibroblast Growth Factor-23. Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:66-76. [PMID: 33616712 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00823-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteocyte produced fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is the key regulator of serum phosphate (Pi) homeostasis. The interplay between parathyroid hormone (PTH), FGF23 and other proteins that regulate FGF23 production and serum Pi levels is complex and incompletely characterised. Evidence suggests that the protein product of the SOST gene, sclerostin (SCL), also a PTH target and also produced by osteocytes, plays a role in FGF23 expression, however the mechanism for this effect is unclear. Part of the problem of understanding the interplay of these mediators is the complex multi-organ system that achieves Pi homeostasis in vivo. In the current study, we sought to address this using a cell line model of the osteocyte, IDG-SW3, known to express FGF23 at both the mRNA and protein levels. In cultures of differentiated IDG-SW3 cells, both PTH1-34 and recombinant human (rh) SCL remarkably induced Fgf23 mRNA expression dose-dependently within 3 h. Both rhPTH1-34 and rhSCL also strongly induced C-terminal FGF23 protein secretion. Secreted intact FGF23 levels remained unchanged, consistent with constitutive post-translational cleavage of FGF23 in this cell model. Both rhPTH1-34 and rhSCL treatments significantly suppressed mRNA levels of Phex, Dmp1 and Enpp1 mRNA, encoding putative negative regulators of FGF23 levels, and induced Galnt3 mRNA expression, encoding N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase 3 (GalNAc-T3), which protects FGF23 from furin-like proprotein convertase-mediated cleavage. The effect of both rhPTH1-34 and rhSCL was antagonised by pre-treatment with the NF-κβ signalling inhibitors, BAY11 and TPCK. RhSCL also stimulated FGF23 mRNA expression in ex vivo cultures of human bone. These findings provide evidence for the direct regulation of FGF23 expression by sclerostin. Locally expressed sclerostin via the induction of FGF23 in osteocytes thus has the potential to contribute to the regulation of Pi homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Ito
- Biomedical Orthopaedic Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrinology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Matthew Prideaux
- Biomedical Orthopaedic Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Asiri R Wijenayaka
- Biomedical Orthopaedic Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Dongqing Yang
- Biomedical Orthopaedic Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Renee T Ormsby
- Biomedical Orthopaedic Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynda F Bonewald
- School of Medicine, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Gerald J Atkins
- Biomedical Orthopaedic Research Group, Centre for Orthopaedic & Trauma Research, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
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Shoushrah SH, Transfeld JL, Tonk CH, Büchner D, Witzleben S, Sieber MA, Schulze M, Tobiasch E. Sinking Our Teeth in Getting Dental Stem Cells to Clinics for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6387. [PMID: 34203719 PMCID: PMC8232184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells have been isolated from the medical waste of various dental tissues. They have been characterized by numerous markers, which are evaluated herein and differentiated into multiple cell types. They can also be used to generate cell lines and iPSCs for long-term in vitro research. Methods for utilizing these stem cells including cellular systems such as organoids or cell sheets, cell-free systems such as exosomes, and scaffold-based approaches with and without drug release concepts are reported in this review and presented with new pictures for clarification. These in vitro applications can be deployed in disease modeling and subsequent pharmaceutical research and also pave the way for tissue regeneration. The main focus herein is on the potential of dental stem cells for hard tissue regeneration, especially bone, by evaluating their potential for osteogenesis and angiogenesis, and the regulation of these two processes by growth factors and environmental stimulators. Current in vitro and in vivo publications show numerous benefits of using dental stem cells for research purposes and hard tissue regeneration. However, only a few clinical trials currently exist. The goal of this review is to pinpoint this imbalance and encourage scientists to pick up this research and proceed one step further to translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edda Tobiasch
- Department of Natural Sciences, Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences, von-Liebig- Strasse. 20, 53359 Rheinbach, Germany; (S.H.S.); (J.L.T.); (C.H.T.); (D.B.); (S.W.); (M.A.S.); (M.S.)
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Di Pompo G, Errani C, Gillies R, Mercatali L, Ibrahim T, Tamanti J, Baldini N, Avnet S. Acid-Induced Inflammatory Cytokines in Osteoblasts: A Guided Path to Osteolysis in Bone Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:678532. [PMID: 34124067 PMCID: PMC8194084 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis (BM) is a dismal complication of cancer that frequently occurs in patients with advanced carcinomas and that often manifests as an osteolytic lesion. In bone, tumor cells promote an imbalance in bone remodeling via the release of growth factors that, directly or indirectly, stimulate osteoclast resorption activity. However, carcinoma cells are also characterized by an altered metabolism responsible for a decrease of extracellular pH, which, in turn, directly intensifies osteoclast bone erosion. Here, we speculated that tumor-derived acidosis causes the osteoblast–osteoclast uncoupling in BM by modulating the pro-osteoclastogenic phenotype of osteoblasts. According to our results, a low pH recruits osteoclast precursors and promotes their differentiation through the secretome of acid-stressed osteoblasts that includes pro-osteoclastogenic factors and inflammatory mediators, such as RANKL, M-CSF, TNF, IL-6, and, above the others, IL-8. The treatment with the anti-IL-6R antibody tocilizumab or with an anti-IL-8 antibody reverted this effect. Finally, in a series of BM patients, circulating levels of the osteolytic marker TRACP5b significantly correlated with IL-8. Our findings brought out that tumor-derived acidosis promotes excessive osteolysis at least in part by inducing an inflammatory phenotype in osteoblasts, and these results strengthen the use of anti-IL-6 or anti-IL-8 strategies to treat osteolysis in BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Di Pompo
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Costantino Errani
- Orthopaedic Oncology Surgical Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Robert Gillies
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Laura Mercatali
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Toni Ibrahim
- Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Jacopo Tamanti
- National Tumor Assistance (ANT) Foundation, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sofia Avnet
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Doşa MD, Chirumbolo S, Pen JJ. Insights into the Effects of Dietary Omega-6/Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Ratio on Oxidative Metabolic Pathways of Oncological Bone Disease and Global Health. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1672-1682. [PMID: 32338204 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200427095331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Various nutrients have been designated as antioxidants, with a possible effect on diseases like cancer. This is partly due to their effect on prostaglandins, thereby affecting local pathological metabolic acidosis. This paper aims to summarize the culprit pathophysiological mechanisms involved, with a focus on the bone microenvironment. The omega- 6/omega-3 PUFA ratio is particularly investigated for its antioxidative effects, countering these pathways to fight the disease. This feature is looked at concerning its impact on health in general, with a particular focus on malignant bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM), Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Monica Daniela Doşa
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanta, Romania
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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39
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Da W, Tao L, Zhu Y. The Role of Osteoclast Energy Metabolism in the Occurrence and Development of Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:675385. [PMID: 34054735 PMCID: PMC8150001 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.675385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the mechanism underlying bone metabolic disorders based on energy metabolism has been heavily researched. Bone resorption by osteoclasts plays an important role in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. However, the mechanism underlying the osteoclast energy metabolism disorder that interferes with bone homeostasis has not been determined. Bone resorption by osteoclasts is a process that consumes large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced by glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. In addition to glucose, fatty acids and amino acids can also be used as substrates to produce energy through oxidative phosphorylation. In this review, we summarize and analyze the energy-based phenotypic changes, epigenetic regulation, and coupling with systemic energy metabolism of osteoclasts during the development and progression of osteoporosis. At the same time, we propose a hypothesis, the compensatory recovery mechanism (involving the balance between osteoclast survival and functional activation), which may provide a new approach for the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Miyamoto S, Yoshikawa H, Nakata K. Axial mechanical loading to ex vivo mouse long bone regulates endochondral ossification and endosteal mineralization through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway during postnatal growth. Bone Rep 2021; 15:101088. [PMID: 34141832 PMCID: PMC8188257 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanical loading contributes to bone development, growth, and metabolism. However, the mechanisms underlying long bone mineralization via changes in loading during the growth period are unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the regulatory mechanisms underlying endochondral ossification and endosteal mineralization by developing an ex vivo organ culture model with cyclic axial mechanical loads. The metacarpal bones of 3-week-old C57BL/6 mice were exposed to mechanical loading (0, 7.8, and 78 mN) for 1 h/day for 4 days. Histomorphometry revealed that axial mechanical loading regulated the thickness of the calcified zone in the growth plate and endosteal mineralization in the diaphysis in a load-dependent manner. Mechanical loading also resulted in load-dependent upregulation of endochondral ossification and bone mineralization-related genes, including bone morphogenetic protein 2 (Bmp2). Recombinant human BMP-2 administration caused similar changes in tissue structures. Conversely, inhibition of the BMP-Smad pathway diminished the stimulatory effects of mechanical loading and BMP-2 administration, suggesting that the effects of mechanical loading may be exerted through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway with the results of gene ontology and pathway analyses. Mechanical loading increased alkaline phosphatase activity and decreased carbonic anhydrase IX (Car9) mRNA expression, resulting in a significant pH increase in the culture supernatant. We hypothesize that, through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway, mechanical loading downregulates Car9, which may alkalize the local milieu, thereby inducing bone formation and long bone mineralization. Our results showed that cyclic axial mechanical loading increased endochondral ossification and endosteal mineralization in developing mouse long bones, which may have resulted from changes in the pH, ALP activity, and Pi/PPi of the extracellular environment. These findings advance our understanding of the regulation of mineralization mechanisms by mechanical loading mediated through activation of the BMP-Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Medicine for Sports and Performing Arts, Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamadaoka 2-2, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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McDonnell AC, Eiken O, Mekjavic IB, Žlak N, Drobnič M. The influence of a sustained 10-day hypoxic bed rest on cartilage biomarkers and subchondral bone in females: The FemHab study. Physiol Rep 2021; 8:e14413. [PMID: 32333524 PMCID: PMC7182690 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the influence of a 10‐day hypoxic bed rest on cartilage biomarkers and subchondral bone density across the patellofemoral joint (PFJ). Within clinical settings hypoxic tissue may arise in several types of disorders. Furthermore, a hypoxic environment is being considered for space flight habitats in the near future. Female participants (N = 12) participated in this study comprising three 10‐day interventions: hypoxic ambulation (HAMB), normoxic bed rest (NBR), and hypoxic bed rest (HBR). Venous samples were collected prior to (day −2: Pre) and during the intervention (days 2 and 5), immediately before reambulation (D11) and 24 hr post intervention (R1). Blood samples were analyzed for: aggrecan, hyaluronan, Type IIA procollagen amino terminal propeptide (PIIANP), and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). Total bone mineral density (BMD) in eight regions (2 mm × 10 mm) across the PFJ was determined. The three interventions (HAMB, HBR, and NBR) did not induce any significant changes in the cartilage biomarkers of hyaluronan or PIIANP. Aggrecan increased during the HAMB trial to 2.02 fold the Pre value. COMP decreased significantly in both NBR & HBR compared to HAMB on D5. There were significant differences in BMD measured across the PFJ from cortical patellar bone (735 to 800 mg/cm3) to femur trabecular (195 to 226 mg/cm3). However, there were no significant changes in BMD from Pre to Post bed rest. These results indicate that there were no significant detectable effects of inactivity/unloading on subchondral bone density. The biomarker of cartilage, COMP, decreased on D5, whereas the addition of hypoxia to bed rest had no effect, it appears that hypoxia in combination with ambulation counteracted this decrease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C McDonnell
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ola Eiken
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Igor B Mekjavic
- Department of Environmental Physiology, Swedish Aerospace Physiology Centre, Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nik Žlak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Drobnič
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Magnesium whitlockite - omnipresent in pathological mineralisation of soft tissues but not a significant inorganic constituent of bone. Acta Biomater 2021; 125:72-82. [PMID: 33610767 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Whitlockite is a calcium phosphate that was first identified in minerals collected from the Palermo Quarry, New Hampshire. The terms magnesium whitlockite [Mg-whitlockite; Ca18Mg2(HPO4)2(PO4)12] and beta-tricalcium phosphate [β-TCP; β-Ca3(PO4)2] are often used interchangeably since Mg-whitlockite is not easily distinguished from β-Ca3(PO4)2 by powder X-ray diffraction although their crystalline structures differ significantly. Being both osteoconductive and bioresorbable, Mg-whitlockite is pursued as a synthetic bone graft substitute. In recent years, advances in development of synthetic Mg-whitlockite have been accompanied by claims that Mg-whitlockite is the second most abundant inorganic constituent of bone, occupying as much as 20-35 wt% of the inorganic fraction. To find evidence in support of this notion, this review presents an exhaustive summary of Mg-whitlockite identification in biological tissues. Mg-whitlockite is mainly found in association with pathological mineralisation of various soft tissues and dental calculus, and occasionally with enamel and dentine. With the exception of high-temperature treated tumoural calcified deposits around interphalangeal and metacarpal joints and rhomboidal Mg-whitlockite crystals in post-apoptotic osteocyte lacunae in human alveolar bone, this unusual mineral has never been detected in the extracellular matrix of mammalian bone. Characterisation techniques capable of unequivocally distinguishing between different calcium phosphate phases, such as high-resolution imaging, crystallography, and/or spectroscopy have exclusively identified bone mineral as poorly crystalline, ion-substituted, carbonated apatite. The idea that Mg-whitlockite is a significant constituent of bone mineral remains unsubstantiated. Contrary to claims that such biomaterials represent a bioinspired/biomimetic approach to bone repair, Mg-whitlockite remains, exclusively, a pathological biomineral. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Magnesium whitlockite (Mg-whitlockite) is a unique calcium phosphate that typically features in pathological calcification of soft tissues; however, an alarming trend emerging in the synthetic bioceramics community claims that Mg-whitlockite occupies 20-35 wt% of bone mineral and therefore synthetic Mg-whitlockite represents a biomimetic approach towards bone regeneration. By providing an overview of Mg-whitlockite detection in biological tissues and scrutinising a diverse cross-section of literature relevant to bone composition analysis, this review concludes that Mg-whitlockite is exclusively a pathological biomineral, and having never been reported in bone extracellular matrix, Mg-whitlockite does not constitute a biomimetic strategy for bone repair.
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Salmón-González Z, Anchuelo J, Borregán JC, Del Real A, Riancho JA, Valero C. Influence of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on bone metabolism in patients with neoplasm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 26:163-169. [PMID: 34211765 DOI: 10.5603/rpor.a2021.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is useful in the treatment of complications due to radiotherapy in patients with neoplasm. Its effects on bone metabolism are unclear. In our study, we analyzed the effects of HBOT on bone remodeling in oncological patients with radiotherapy. Materials and methods Prospective clinical study in 23 patients with neoplasms undergoing treatment with HBOT due to complications of radiotherapy (hemorrhagic cystitis, proctitis or radionecrosis) and 25 patients with chronic anal fissure. The average number of HBOT sessions was 20 ± 5 (100% oxygen, 2.3 atmospheres and 90 min per day). Serum levels of aminoterminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP), C terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), alkaline phosphatase (AP), 25hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), were measured at 3 time points: T0 (before beginning HBOT), T1 (at the end of HBOT) and T2 (6 months after HBOT). Results At baseline, the patients with neoplasm have higher bone turnover than those with anal fissure. These differences were 41% in CTX (0.238 ± 0.202 ng/mL in neoplasm and 0.141 ± 0.116 ng/mL in fissure; p = 0.04), 30% for PTH (46 ± 36 pg/mL in neoplasm and 32 ± 17 pg/mL in fissure; p = 0.04) and 15% for alkaline phosphatase (80 ± 24 U/L in neoplasm and 68 ± 16 U/L in fissure; p = 0.04). In the group with neoplasm, the values of P1NP decreased 6% after HBOT (T0: 49 ± 31 ng/mL, T2: 46 ± 12 ng/mL; p = 0.03). Also, there were non-significant decreases in PTH (-34%) and CTX (-30%). Conclusions Patients with neoplasm and complications with radiotherapy have an increase in bone remodeling that may be diminished after HBOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Salmón-González
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Javier Anchuelo
- Service of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Juan C Borregán
- Service of Intensive Care, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla Santander, Spain
| | - Alvaro Del Real
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - José A Riancho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Valero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
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Physiology, pathophysiology and (mal)adaptations to chronic apnoeic training: a state-of-the-art review. Eur J Appl Physiol 2021; 121:1543-1566. [PMID: 33791844 PMCID: PMC8144079 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04664-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Breath-hold diving is an activity that humans have engaged in since antiquity to forage for resources, provide sustenance and to support military campaigns. In modern times, breath-hold diving continues to gain popularity and recognition as both a competitive and recreational sport. The continued progression of world records is somewhat remarkable, particularly given the extreme hypoxaemic and hypercapnic conditions, and hydrostatic pressures these athletes endure. However, there is abundant literature to suggest a large inter-individual variation in the apnoeic capabilities that is thus far not fully understood. In this review, we explore developments in apnoea physiology and delineate the traits and mechanisms that potentially underpin this variation. In addition, we sought to highlight the physiological (mal)adaptations associated with consistent breath-hold training. Breath-hold divers (BHDs) are evidenced to exhibit a more pronounced diving-response than non-divers, while elite BHDs (EBHDs) also display beneficial adaptations in both blood and skeletal muscle. Importantly, these physiological characteristics are documented to be primarily influenced by training-induced stimuli. BHDs are exposed to unique physiological and environmental stressors, and as such possess an ability to withstand acute cerebrovascular and neuronal strains. Whether these characteristics are also a result of training-induced adaptations or genetic predisposition is less certain. Although the long-term effects of regular breath-hold diving activity are yet to be holistically established, preliminary evidence has posed considerations for cognitive, neurological, renal and bone health in BHDs. These areas should be explored further in longitudinal studies to more confidently ascertain the long-term health implications of extreme breath-holding activity.
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Stockman J, Villaverde C, Corbee RJ. Calcium, Phosphorus, and Vitamin D in Dogs and Cats: Beyond the Bones. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2021; 51:623-634. [PMID: 33653533 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D are nutrients that play a key role in maintaining normal organ, cell, and tissue function. Much is known about their role in bone metabolism, but these nutrients are also important in renal health, urinary tract disease, and multiple other organ systems. It is nutritionally important to meet the physiologic requirements for each of these nutrients, but the interplay between them should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Stockman
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Sciences, LIU College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, 720 Northern Boulevard, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
| | | | - Ronald Jan Corbee
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 108, Utrecht 3584 CM, The Netherlands.
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Sies NS, Zaini AA, de Bruyne JA, Jalaludin MY, Nathan AM, Han NY, Thavagnanam S. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) as a risk factor for secondary osteoporosis in children. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3193. [PMID: 33542317 PMCID: PMC7862364 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive hypoxia seen in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) may affect bone metabolism increasing the risk for secondary osteoporosis. This study investigates the association between OSAS in children and secondary osteoporosis. This cross-sectional study included 150 children aged 10–17 years: 86 with OSAS and 64 with no OSAS. OSAS was confirmed by polysomnography. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of calcaneum measuring speed of sound (SoS) and broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) were collected. Other parameters collected including bone profile, vitamin D levels, physical activity scoring and dietary calcium intake. Majority were male and Malay ethnicity. OSAS children were mostly obese (84%) and 57% had moderate to severe OSAS. Most had lower physical activities scores. Mean (SD) phosphate and Alkaline phosphatase were lower in OSA children compared to controls: PO4, p = 0.039 and ALP, p < 0.001. Using both single and multivariate analysis, children with OSAS had a lower mean SoS value, p < 0.001 and p = 0.004 respectively after adjusting for age, BMI and bone profile. Children with OSAS had lower SoS suggesting risk for secondary osteoporosis. QUS calcaneus is a non-invasive, feasible tool and can be used to screen risk of osteoporosis in children. Further bone mineral density assessment is needed in these groups of children to confirm diagnosis of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Syazwin Sies
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azriyanti Anuar Zaini
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Paediatric and Child Health Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jessie Anne de Bruyne
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Paediatric and Child Health Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Paediatric and Child Health Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anna Marie Nathan
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,University Malaya Paediatric and Child Health Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ng Yit Han
- Public Health Unit, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Surendran Thavagnanam
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,University Malaya Paediatric and Child Health Research Group, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,Department of Paediatrics, Royal London Hospital, London, UK.
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47
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Effects of acidosis on the structure, composition, and function of adult murine femurs. Acta Biomater 2021; 121:484-496. [PMID: 33242638 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Physiologic pH is maintained in a narrow range through multiple systemic buffering systems. Metabolic Acidosis (MA) is an acid-base disorder clinically characterized by a decrease in systemic pH and bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels. Acidosis affects millions annually, resulting in decreased bone mineral density and bone volume and an increased rate of fracture. We developed an adult murine model of diet-induced metabolic acidosis via graded NH4Cl administration that successfully decreased systemic pH over a 14 day period to elucidate the effects of acidosis on the skeletal system. Blood gas analyses measured an increase in blood calcium and sodium levels indicating a skeletal response to 14 days of acidosis. MA also significantly decreased femur ultimate strength, likely due to modifications in bone morphology as determined from decreased microcomputed tomography values of centroid distance and area moment of inertia. These structural changes may be caused by aberrant remodeling based on histological data evidencing altered OCL activity in acidosis. Additionally, we found that acidosis significantly decreased bone CO3 content in a site-specific manner similar to the bone phenotype observed in human MA. We determined that MA decreased bone strength thus increasing fracture risk, which is likely caused by alterations in bone shape and compounded by changes in bone composition. Additionally, we suggest the temporal regulation of cell-mediated remodeling in MA is more complex than current literature suggests. We conclude that our model reliably induces MA and has deleterious effects on skeletal form and function, presenting similarly to the MA bone phenotype in humans.
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Perut F, Graziani G, Columbaro M, Caudarella R, Baldini N, Granchi D. Citrate Supplementation Restores the Impaired Mineralisation Resulting from the Acidic Microenvironment: An In Vitro Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3779. [PMID: 33317151 PMCID: PMC7763163 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic metabolic acidosis leads to bone-remodelling disorders based on excessive mineral matrix resorption and inhibition of bone formation, but also affects the homeostasis of citrate, which is an essential player in maintaining the acid-base balance and in driving the mineralisation process. This study aimed to investigate the impact of acidosis on the osteogenic properties of bone-forming cells and the effects of citrate supplementation in restoring the osteogenic features impaired by the acidic milieu. For this purpose, human mesenchymal stromal cells were cultured in an osteogenic medium and the extracellular matrix mineralisation was analysed at the micro- and nano-level, both in neutral and acidic conditions and after treatment with calcium citrate and potassium citrate. The acidic milieu significantly decreased the citrate release and hindered the organisation of the extracellular matrix, but the citrate supplementation increased collagen production and, particularly calcium citrate, promoted the mineralisation process. Moreover, the positive effect of citrate supplementation was observed also in the physiological microenvironment. This in vitro study proves that the mineral matrix organisation is influenced by citrate availability in the microenvironment surrounding bone-forming cells, thus providing a biological basis for using citrate-based supplements in the management of bone-remodelling disorders related to chronic low-grade acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Perut
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
| | - Gabriela Graziani
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Marta Columbaro
- Electron Microscopy Platform, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Renata Caudarella
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Via Corriera 1, 48033 Cotignola (RA), Italy;
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Via Pupilli 1, University of Bologna, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Donatella Granchi
- Biomedical Science and Technology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (F.P.); (N.B.)
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Bue M, Hanberg P, Thomassen MB, Tøttrup M, Thillemann TM, Søballe K, Birke-Sørensen H. Microdialysis for the Assessment of Intervertebral Disc and Vertebral Cancellous Bone Metabolism in a Large Porcine Model. In Vivo 2020; 34:527-532. [PMID: 32111750 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM It remains challenging to evaluate the in vivo pathophysiological biochemical characteristics in spine tissue, due to lack of an applicable model and feasible methods. The aim of this study was to apply microdialysis for the assessment of basic metabolites from the C3-C4 intervertebral disc, C3 vertebral cancellous bone and subcutaneous adipose tissue in a large porcine model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 7 pigs, glucose, pyruvate, lactate and glycerol concentrations were evaluated in an 8-hour sampling period. RESULTS The mean lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratios for the intervertebral disc and vertebral cancellous bone were comparable and exceeded the ischemic cut-off value of 25 for the entire sampling interval. For subcutaneous adipose tissue, the L/P ratio was below the ischemic cut-off. CONCLUSION This exploratory study confirms previous findings of ischemia in bone and the intervertebral disc. This encourages new microdialysis study designs in spine tissue employing large porcine models to create new knowledge and a greater understanding of the metabolism and pathogenesis in spine tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Bue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark .,Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Pelle Hanberg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Horsens Regional Hospital, Horsens, Denmark.,Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja B Thomassen
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Tøttrup
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aalborg University Hospital, Farsø, Denmark
| | - Theis M Thillemann
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Søballe
- Orthopaedic Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kelly RR, Sidles SJ, LaRue AC. Effects of Neurological Disorders on Bone Health. Front Psychol 2020; 11:612366. [PMID: 33424724 PMCID: PMC7793932 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.612366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases, particularly in the context of aging, have serious impacts on quality of life and can negatively affect bone health. The brain-bone axis is critically important for skeletal metabolism, sensory innervation, and endocrine cross-talk between these organs. This review discusses current evidence for the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which various neurological disease categories, including autoimmune, developmental, dementia-related, movement, neuromuscular, stroke, trauma, and psychological, impart changes in bone homeostasis and mass, as well as fracture risk. Likewise, how bone may affect neurological function is discussed. Gaining a better understanding of brain-bone interactions, particularly in patients with underlying neurological disorders, may lead to development of novel therapies and discovery of shared risk factors, as well as highlight the need for broad, whole-health clinical approaches toward treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R. Kelly
- Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Sara J. Sidles
- Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Amanda C. LaRue
- Research Services, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
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