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Chhillar M, Kukkar D, Kumar Yadav A, Kim KH. Nitrogen doped carbon dots and gold nanoparticles mediated FRET for the detection of creatinine in human urine samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124752. [PMID: 38945007 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Serum creatinine (CR) is regarded as one of the most sought out prognostic biomarkers in medical evaluation of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In light of the diagnostic significance of CR, the utility of a fluorescence biosensor for its detection in human urine specimens has been explored based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) across nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs). A straightforward microwave-assisted synthesis procedure has been adopted to prepare N-CDs (λexcitation = 400 nm, λemission = 540 ± 5 nm) with bright green emissions. On addition of pre-synthesized GNPs, the radiative emanation of the N-CDs is completely suppressed on account of FRET across the N-CDs and the GNPs. About 77 % of their fluorescence intensity is recovered after adding CR to GNPs@N-CDs nanocomposite. The limit of detection for CR sensing is estimated as 0.02 µg•mL-1. This biosensor is selective enough to recognize CR in the existence of potential interfering substances (e.g., ascorbic acid, glucose, glutathione, urea, and electrolytes). Its practical utility for CR detection has been validated further on the basis of satisfactory correlation with the benchmark Jaffe method, as observed in artificial/human urine specimens. Consequently, this manuscript marks a pioneering report on employing CDs and GNPs-based FRET for identifying CR in urine specimens of CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Chhillar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar Yadav
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Sector 12, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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2
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Salih IL, Alshatteri AH, Omer KM. Role of wearable electrochemical biosensors in monitoring renal function biomarkers in sweat: a review. ANAL SCI 2024:10.1007/s44211-024-00635-2. [PMID: 39093545 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Real-time detection of renal biomarkers is crucial for immediate and continuous monitoring of kidney function, facilitating early diagnosis and intervention in kidney-related disorders. This proactive approach enables timely adjustments in treatment plans, particularly in critical situations, and enhances overall patient care. Wearable devices emerge as a promising solution, enabling non-invasive and real-time data collection. This comprehensive review investigates numerous types of wearable sensors designed to detect kidney biomarkers in body fluids such as sweat. It critically evaluates the precision, dependability, and user-friendliness of these devices, contemplating their seamless integration into daily life for continuous health tracking. The review highlights the potential influence of wearable technology on individualized renal healthcare and its role in preventative medicine while also addressing challenges and future directions. The review's goal is to provide guidance to academics, healthcare professionals, and technologists working on wearable solutions for renal biomarker detection by compiling the body of current knowledge and advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Luqman Salih
- Department of Pharmacy, Raparin Technical and Vocational Institute, Rania, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, 46012, Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Raparin, RaniaSulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, 46012, Iraq
| | - Azad H Alshatteri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Garmian, Darbandikhan Road, Kalar City, Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Khalid M Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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3
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Saddique Z, Saeed M, Faheem M, Bajwa SZ, Mujahid A, Afzal A. Core-shell niobium(v) oxide@molecularly imprinted polythiophene nanoreceptors for transformative, real-time creatinine analysis. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3644-3654. [PMID: 38989513 PMCID: PMC11232539 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00300d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Creatinine, a byproduct of muscle metabolism, is typically filtered by the kidneys. Deviations from normal concentrations of creatinine in human saliva serve as a crucial biomarker for renal diseases. Monitoring these levels becomes particularly essential for individuals undergoing dialysis and those with kidney conditions. This study introduces an innovative disposable point-of-care (PoC) sensor device designed for the prompt detection and continuous monitoring of trace amounts of creatinine. The sensor employs a unique design, featuring a creatinine-imprinted polythiophene matrix combined with niobium oxide nanoparticles. These components are coated onto a screen-printed working electrode. Thorough assessments of creatinine concentrations, spanning from 0 to 1000 nM in a redox solution at pH 7.4 and room temperature, are conducted using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The devised sensor exhibits a sensitivity of 4.614 μA cm-2 nM-1, an impressive trace level limit of detection at 34 pM, and remarkable selectivity for creatinine compared to other analytes found in human saliva, such as glucose, glutamine, urea, tyrosine, etc. Real saliva samples subjected to the sensor reveal a 100% recovery rate. This sensor, characterized by its high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, selectivity, and reproducibility, holds significant promise for real-time applications in monitoring creatinine levels in individuals with kidney and muscle-related illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Saddique
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Maleeha Saeed
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 P. R. China
| | - Sadia Z Bajwa
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering PO Box 577, Jhang Road Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Adeel Afzal
- Sensors and Diagnostics Lab, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-i-Azam Campus Lahore 54590 Pakistan
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4
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Hou H, Liu Y, Li X, Liu W, Gong X. Rapid electrodeposition of Cu nanoparticle film on Ni foam as an integrated 3D free-standing electrode for non-invasive and non-enzymatic creatinine sensing. Analyst 2024; 149:2905-2914. [PMID: 38572989 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00162a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
High cost, inherent destabilization, and intricate fixing of enzyme molecules are the main drawbacks of enzyme-based creatinine sensors. The design of a low-cost, stabilizable, and enzyme-free creatinine sensing probe is essential to address these limitations. In this work, an integrated three-dimensional (3D) free-standing electrode was designed to serve as a non-enzymatic creatinine sensing platform and was fabricated by rapid electrodeposition of a dense copper nanoparticle film on nickel foam (Cu NP film/NF). This low-cost, stable, easy-to-fabricate, and binder-free Cu NP film/NF electrode has abundant active sites and excellent electrochemical performance. Cyclic voltammetry measurements show a wide linear range (0.25-24 mM), low detection limit (0.17 mM), and high sensitivity (306 μA mM-1 cm-2). The developed sensor shows high recovery of creatinine concentration in real urine. Besides, it has better specificity, reproducibility, and robustness in detecting creatinine. These excellent results suggest that a non-enzymatic creatinine sensor based on an integrated 3D free-standing Cu NP film/NF electrode has good potential for non-invasive detection of urinary creatinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongming Hou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Innovation Method and Creative Design Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xianglong Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
- Innovation Method and Creative Design Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Xiaoli Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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5
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Bharti AM, Rakesh Kumar RK, Chuang CH, Shaikh MO. Universal nanocomposite coating with antifouling and redox capabilities for electrochemical affinity biosensing in complex biological fluids. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:843-852. [PMID: 38482914 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00541k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical affinity biosensors have the potential to facilitate the development of multiplexed point-of-care diagnostics in complex biological fluids. However, their commercial viability has been hindered by challenges such as electrode biofouling and the lack of inherent redox properties. To address this unmet need, we have developed a universal nanocomposite coating which is unique in its ability to not only allow oriented conjugation of the biorecognition element but also specific detection directly in complex biological fluids like serum and urine owing to its built-in antifouling and redox capabilities, thus improving suitability for point of care testing. This multifunctional coating comprises a 3D porous crosslinked bovine serum albumin matrix for oriented conjugation and antifouling properties with embedded graphene nanosheets modified with amino-ferrocene for enhanced conductivity and mediator-free biosensing. The coating showed minimal signal degradation despite prolonged exposure to 1% bovine serum albumin, artificial urine and untreated human serum for up to 30 days. To demonstrate its utility, we fabricated and tested proof-of-concept electrochemical immunosensors for bladder cancer protein biomarkers, specifically interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The practical feasibility was highlighted by the excellent sensitivity and specificity observed for IL-8 and VEGF with a limit of detection of 41 pg mL-1 and 67 pg mL-1, respectively. Consequently, this universal nanocomposite-based electrochemical biosensing platform can be extended to the point of care testing of a broad spectrum of biomarkers present in complex biological fluids, thus enabling reliable and early diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Manu Bharti
- International PhD Program for Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - R K Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Healthcare Research Institutes, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Centre of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (CEMAFLD), National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Omar Shaikh
- Sustainability Science and Management Program, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan.
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6
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Bereyhi M, Zare-Dorabei R. High-Sensitivity Creatinine Detection via a Dual-Emission Ratiometric Fluorescence Probe Incorporating Amino-MIL-53@Mo/ZIF-8 and Rhodamine B. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:5890-5899. [PMID: 38452371 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Quantifying creatinine (Cn) in biological fluids is crucial for clinically assessing renal insufficiency, thyroid irregularities, and muscle damage. Therefore, it is crucial for human health to have a simple, quick, and accurate Cn analysis technique. In this study, we have successfully synthesized a 3D ratiometric dual-metal-organic framework, namely, the amino-MIL-53@Mo/ZIF-8 and rhodamie B heterostructure, using an internal strategy for sustained growth. The dual-MOF functions as an adsorbent and preconcentrates Cn. The pH, reaction time, and volume ratio of amino-MIL-53@Mo/ZIF-8/rhodamie B were optimized using the one-variable-at-a-time technique in this study. The quantitative study of the Cn concentration for this RF biosensor was obtained under ideal conditions (R2 = 0.9962, n = 3), encompassing the linear range of 0.35-11.1 μM. The detection and quantitation limits were 0.18 and 0.54 nM, respectively. Both intra- and interday reproducibility showed high repeatability of the RF biosensor, UV-vis, and ZETA potential studies, and the Stern-Volmer relationship was used to clarify the fluorescence quenching process. These superior sensing capabilities and the benefits of simple manufacturing, acceptable stability, and practicality make the RF biosensor intriguing for ultrasensitive Cn detection in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bereyhi
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
| | - Rouholah Zare-Dorabei
- Research Laboratory of Spectrometry & Micro and Nano Extraction, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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7
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Dehghan-Manshadi H, Mazloum-Ardakani M, Mozaffari SA. A flexible capacity-metric creatinine sensor based on polygon-shape polyvinylpyrrolidone/CuO and Fe 2O 3 NRDs electrodeposited on three-dimensional TiO 2-V 2O 5-Polypyrrole nanocomposite. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115881. [PMID: 38042049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
The innovations of the present work include these items; (i) Design and preparation of three-dimensional flexible conductive polymeric nanocomposites (3D-FCPNCs) containing polypyrrole (PPy), V2O5 and TiO2 and modification of their surface with polygon-shape polyvinylpyrrolidone/CuO nanorods (PVP/CuO NRDs) and Fe2O3 NRDs using an hierarchical process based on isoelectric point (IEP), (ii) Application of the prepared surfaces as the flexible enzymeless creatinine sensors using four calibration curves (impedimetric, real capacitance (C'), imaginary capacitance (C″) and double layer capacitance (Cdl)) obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The best results have been obtained using PVP/CuO NRDs-Fe2O3 NRDs/TiO2-V2O5-PPy 3D-FCPNC hierarchical electrode with a wide range of the linear concentration range (10 nmol L-1 -1.3 mmol L-1). Although, determination of creatinine through extraction of parameters such as charge transfer resistance (Rct) and Cdl from measuring impedance at a wide range of frequencies provides useful information about the characteristics of the electrolyte/electrode interface, but measuring real and imaginary capacitances at a specific frequency instead of a wide frequency range can decrease the response time to lower than 1 min. Finally, the prepared hierarchical enzymeless sensors have been successfully used to estimate creatinine concentration in blood serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dehghan-Manshadi
- Thin Layer and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P.O. Box 33535-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Mazloum-Ardakani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
| | - S A Mozaffari
- Thin Layer and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P.O. Box 33535-111, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Bezinge L, Tappauf N, Richards DA, Shih CJ, deMello AJ. Rapid Electrochemical Flow Analysis of Urinary Creatinine on Paper: Unleashing the Potential of Two-Electrode Detection. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3964-3972. [PMID: 37756250 PMCID: PMC10616850 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The development of low-cost, disposable electrochemical sensors is an essential step in moving traditionally inaccessible quantitative diagnostic assays toward the point of need. However, a major remaining limitation of current technologies is the reliance on standardized reference electrode materials. Integrating these reference electrodes considerably restricts the choice of the electrode substrate and drastically increases the fabrication costs. Herein, we demonstrate that adoption of two-electrode detection systems can circumvent these limitations and allow for the development of low-cost, paper-based devices. We showcase the power of this approach by developing a continuous flow assay for urinary creatinine enabled by an embedded graphenic two-electrode detector. The detection system not only simplifies sensor fabrication and readout hardware but also provides a robust sensing performance with high detection efficiencies. In addition to enabling high-throughput analysis of clinical urine samples, our two-electrode sensors provide unprecedented insights into the fundamental mechanism of the ferricyanide-mediated creatinine reaction. Finally, we developed a simplified circuitry to drive the detector. This forms the basis of a smart reader that guides the user through the measurement process. This study showcases the potential of affordable capillary-driven cartridges for clinical analysis within primary care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léonard Bezinge
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Niklas Tappauf
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel A. Richards
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andrew J. deMello
- Institute for Chemical and
Bioengineering, Department of Chemistry
and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Mahmoud AM, Mahnashi MH, El-Wekil MM. An innovative dual-signal electrochemical ratiometric determination of creatinine based on silver nanoparticles with intrinsic self-calibration property for bimetallic Prussian blue analogues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:6247-6256. [PMID: 37667023 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
An ultrasensitive dual-signal ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed for creatinine detection utilizing silver nanoparticles (Ag) with intrinsic self-calibration afforded by iron-nickel bimetallic Prussian blue (FeNiPBA) analogues. The Ag@FeNiPBA exhibits two redox signals corresponding to the Ag+/Ag and Fe3+/Fe2+ systems. Adding chloride (Cl-) solution increases the anodic current of the Ag/Ag system significantly due to the formation of silver chloride through solid-state electrochemistry. While the anodic current of the Ag/Ag system decreases in the presence of creatinine due to the competitive reaction, the Fe/Fe system's anodic current remains the same, which enables a ratiometric response. Under optimized conditions, the response ratio (IAg/IFe) decreases while the creatinine concentration increases linearly between 0.015 and 140 μM, with 0.004 μM as a good detection limit (S/N = 3). These results demonstrate superior performance over previously reported methods for electrochemical creatinine determination. The high sensitivity arises from the signal amplification of the Ag/AgCl solid-state electrochemistry, while the selectivity originates from the specific interaction between Ag+ and creatinine. The Ag@FeNiPBA hybrid can quantify creatinine in real samples with good recoveries. This work opens up new opportunities for applying dual-signal nanostructures to develop electrochemical sensors for (bio)molecule detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf M Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mater H Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M El-Wekil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
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10
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Cheng J, Guo J, Guo J. A Low-cost Creatinine Biosensor by Differential Optical Signal Readout for the Whole Blood Analysis. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38083605 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10341195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a low-cost paper-based biosensor for point-of-care (POC) detection of blood creatinine by using differential optical signal readout. Dual-channel photochemical paper-based test strips were fabricated with stackable multilayer films containing pre-immobilized enzymes and reagents for the identification and conversion of creatinine and creatine. Enzyme-linked reactions generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which formed a blue oxidized condensate with aniline derivatives. The color depth was quantified via the differential optical signal of the two channels and positively correlated with the concentration of the analyte. This method was first proposed to address the issue of endogenous interferences in the enzymatic assay of creatinine, greatly improving the detection accuracy. The proposed biosensor was calibrated with spiked blood samples, and achieved a wide detection range of 31-1483 μmol/L, showing superior detection performance to general enzymatic methods, especially in the low concentration range. Creatine interference testing demonstrated that the biosensor could resist the interference of ≤ 300 μmol/L endogenous creatine. It is believed that the proposed optical differential biosensor for blood creatinine could enable to pave the way for a daily monitoring system for renal diseases.Clinical Relevance- This stackable multilayer paper-based biosensor provides an enzymatic colorimetric assay of creatinine in whole blood, which can be read out by the differential optical signal to exclude interference from endogenous creatine.
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11
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Wang A, Zhang T, Li J, Wang W, Xu C, Duan H, Tian X, Zhang D. Genetic and Environmental Correlation Analysis of Serum Creatinine Levels in Chinese Twins. Twin Res Hum Genet 2023; 26:219-222. [PMID: 37170793 DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Almost all creatinine is excreted by the kidney in individuals. Serum creatinine concentration, a widely used renal function index in clinical practice, can be affected by both genetic and environmental factors, as evidenced by current research exploring the relationship between these factors and kidney function. However, few studies have explored the heritability of serum creatinine in Asian populations. Therefore, we explored the genetic and environmental factors that affect the serum creatinine level in Asian populations. Participants in this study came from the Qingdao Twin Registry in China, and 374 pairs of twins were included, of which 139 pairs were dizygotic twins, whose ages ranged from 40 to 80 years old, and the serum creatinine level ranged from 10 to 126 μmol/L. Structural equation models were constructed using Mx software to calculate heritability, with adjusted covariates being age, sex, and body mass index. The results of heritability analysis showed that ACE was the best fit model. Serum creatinine level is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The result of heritability was 35.44%, and the influence of shared environmental factors accounted for 52.13%. This study provided the relevant basis for future research on genetic and environmental factors affecting serum creatinine levels in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tianhao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chunsheng Xu
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Haiping Duan
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiaocao Tian
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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12
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Cheng J, Guo J, Li X, Guo J. A smartphone-connected point-of-care photochemical biosensor for the determination of whole blood creatinine by differential optical signal readout. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 235:115410. [PMID: 37236011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The level of creatinine in the human body has clinical implications with regard to a potential association with kidney, muscle, and thyroid dysfunction, hence necessitating fast and accurate detection, especially at the point-of-care (POC) level. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and feasibility of a compact, low-cost and reliable POC photochemical biosensor connected to a smartphone for the determination of whole blood creatinine by differential optical signal readout. Disposable, dual-channel paper-based test strips were fabricated using stackable multilayer films pre-immobilized with enzymes and reagents for the identification and conversion of creatinine and creatine, resulting in dramatic colorimetric signals. A handheld optical reader was integrated with dual-channel differential optical readout to address endogenous interferences in the enzymatic assay of creatinine. We demonstrated this differential concept with spiked blood samples, obtaining a wide detection range of 20-1483 μmol/L and a low detection limit of 0.03 μmol/L. Further interference experiments displayed the differential measuring system's excellent performance against endogenous interference. Furthermore, the sensor's high reliability was confirmed through comparison with the laboratory method, with the results of 43 clinical tests consistent with the bulky automatic biochemical analyzer, with its correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9782. Additionally, the designed optical reader is Bluetooth-enabled and can connect to a cloud-based smartphone to transmit test data, enabling active health management or remote monitoring. We believe the biosensor has the potential to be an alternative to the current creatinine analysis conducted in hospitals and clinical laboratories, and it has promising prospects for contributing to the development of POC devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Jiuchuan Guo
- School of Automation Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Clinical Molecular Medicine Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, China.
| | - Jinhong Guo
- School of Sensing Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; School of Information and Communication Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China; The M.O.E. Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, The College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Saddique Z, Faheem M, Habib A, UlHasan I, Mujahid A, Afzal A. Electrochemical Creatinine (Bio)Sensors for Point-of-Care Diagnosis of Renal Malfunction and Chronic Kidney Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13101737. [PMID: 37238220 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the post-pandemic era, point-of-care (POC) diagnosis of diseases is an important research frontier. Modern portable electrochemical (bio)sensors enable the design of POC diagnostics for the identification of diseases and regular healthcare monitoring. Herein, we present a critical review of the electrochemical creatinine (bio)sensors. These sensors either make use of biological receptors such as enzymes or employ synthetic responsive materials, which provide a sensitive interface for creatinine-specific interactions. The characteristics of different receptors and electrochemical devices are discussed, along with their limitations. The major challenges in the development of affordable and deliverable creatinine diagnostics and the drawbacks of enzymatic and enzymeless electrochemical biosensors are elaborated, especially considering their analytical performance parameters. These revolutionary devices have potential biomedical applications ranging from early POC diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other kidney-related illnesses to routine monitoring of creatinine in elderly and at-risk humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Saddique
- Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faheem
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate Science of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Amir Habib
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar UlHasan
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Mujahid
- Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Adeel Afzal
- Sensors and Diagnostics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, Quaid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Kukkar D, Chhillar M, Kim KH. Application of SERS-based nanobiosensors to metabolite biomarkers of CKD. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 232:115311. [PMID: 37086564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
A clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly achieved by estimating the serum levels of urea and creatinine (CR). Given the limitations of the conventional diagnostic assays, it is imperative to seek alternative, economical strategies for the detection of CKD-specific biomarkers with high specificity and selectivity. In this respect, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can be regarded as an ideal choice. SERS signals can be greatly amplified by noble metal nanoparticles (e.g., gold nanoparticles (GNPs)) of numerous sizes, shapes, and configurations to help achieve ultra-sensitive single molecule-level detection at 10-15 M (up to 10 orders of magnitude more sensitive than fluorescence-based detection). The irregular geometry of GNPs with spike-like tips, dimers, and aggregates with small nanogaps (i.e., due to plasmon coupling such as Raman hot spots) play a pivotal role in enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of SERS. This review critically outlines the performance of SERS-based biosensors in the ultrasensitive detection of CKD biomarkers in various body fluids in terms of basic quality assurance parameters (e.g., limit of detection, figure of merit, enhancement factor, and stability of the biosensor). Moreover, the challenges and perspectives are described with respect to the expansion of such sensing techniques in practical clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kukkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Monika Chhillar
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Seoul, 04763, South Korea.
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15
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Kumar RR, Kumar A, Chuang CH, Shaikh MO. Recent Advances and Emerging Trends in Cancer Biomarker Detection Technologies. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c04097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Rakesh Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Amit Kumar
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsin Chuang
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Muhammad Omar Shaikh
- Sustainability Science and Management, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan
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Nagarajan A, Sethuraman V, Sasikumar R. Non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of creatinine based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with a Pd/Cu 2O decorated polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposite: an analytical approach. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:1410-1421. [PMID: 36826445 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00110e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The major constraints of standard enzymatic biosensors are poor long-term storage stability and high cost. Hence, there is extensive research towards fabrication of reliable enzymeless biosensors based on nanomaterials. In this paper, we present the development of an enzymeless electrochemical biosensor for highly precise detection of creatinine. This involves the use of a simple yet effective alternative to the commonly utilized Pd/Cu2O/PPy nanocomposite, which was characterized by different analytical methods. The present electrochemical sensor provides a wide detection range (0.1 to 150 μM), low detection limit (0.05 μM) and high sensitivity (0.207 μA), and is capable of detecting the creatinine level in human urine samples, which are inexpensive. The results are reproducible, and the sensor is stable. The sensor demonstrates good electrocatalytic activity and selectivity towards the detection of creatinine in the presence of various other similar biological entities. When compared to other existing counterparts, the electrocatalytic behaviour of the present sensor is comparable, if not better. So, the present electrochemical sensor for creatinine might be employed as a long-term diagnostic alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagarajan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - V Sethuraman
- Research and Development, New Energy Storage Technology, Lithium-ion Division, Amara Raja Battery Ltd, Karakambadi-517520, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - R Sasikumar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600025, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Portable smartphone integrated 3D-Printed electrochemical sensor for nonenzymatic determination of creatinine in human urine. Talanta 2023; 254:124131. [PMID: 36470021 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
3D printing technologies are an attractive for fabricating electrochemical sensors due to their ease of operation, freedom of design, fast prototyping, low waste, and low cost. We report the fabrication of a simple 3D-printed electrochemical sensing device for non-enzymatic detection of creatinine, an important indicator of renal function. To create the 3D-printed electrodes (3DE), carbon black/polylactic acid (CB/PLA) composite filament was used. The 3DE was activated using 0.5 M NaOH via amperometry prior to use to improve electrochemical performance. To give selectivity for creatinine, the activated 3DE was modified with a copper oxide nanoparticle-ionic liquid/reduced graphene oxide (CuO-IL/rGO) composite. The modified 3DE was characterized using microscopy and electrochemistry. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry were used to evaluate sensor performance. The modified 3DE provided electrocatalytic activity towards creatinine without enzymes. Under optimal conditions, the modified 3DE directly coupled with a portable smartphone potentiostat exhibited the linear detection range of 0.5-35.0 mM, and the limit of detection was 37.3 μM, which is sufficient for detecting creatinine in human urine samples. Furthermore, the other physiological compounds present in human urine were not detected on the modified 3DE. Therefore, the modified 3DE could be a tool for effective creatinine screening in the urine.
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Zanoni C, Spina S, Magnaghi LR, Guembe-Garcia M, Biesuz R, Alberti G. Potentiometric MIP-Modified Screen-Printed Cell for Phenoxy Herbicides Detection. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16488. [PMID: 36554364 PMCID: PMC9779394 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-based screen-printed cell is developed for detecting phenoxy herbicides using 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) as the template. MCPA is a phenoxy herbicide widely used since 1945 to control broadleaf weeds via growth regulation, primarily in pasture and cereal crops. The potentiometric cell consists of a silver/silver chloride pseudo-reference electrode and a graphite working electrode coated with a MIP film. The polymeric layer is thermally formed after drop-coating of a pre-polymeric mixture composed of the reagents at the following molar ratio: 1 MCPA: 15 MAA (methacrylic acid): 7 EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate). After template removal, the recognition cavities function as the ionophore of a classical ion selective electrode (ISE) membrane. The detected ion is the deprotonated MCPA specie, negatively charged, so the measurements were performed in phosphate buffer at pH 5.5. A linear decrease of the potential with MCPA concentration, ranging from 4 × 10-8 to 1 × 10-6 mol L-1, was obtained. The detection limit and the limit of quantification were, respectively, 10 nmol L-1 and 40 nmol L-1. A Nernstian slope of about -59 mV/dec was achieved. The method has precision and LOD required for MCPA determination in contaminated environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefano Spina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Lisa Rita Magnaghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Marta Guembe-Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Raffaela Biesuz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Unità di Ricerca di Pavia, INSTM, Via G. Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Giancarla Alberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Ngamchuea K, Moonla C, Watwiangkham A, Wannapaiboon S, Suthirakun S. Electrochemical and structural investigation of copper phthalocyanine: Application in the analysis of kidney disease biomarker. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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20
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Silva LRG, Stefano JS, Orzari LO, Brazaca LC, Carrilho E, Marcolino-Junior LH, Bergamini MF, Munoz RAA, Janegitz BC. Electrochemical Biosensor for SARS-CoV-2 cDNA Detection Using AuPs-Modified 3D-Printed Graphene Electrodes. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080622. [PMID: 36005018 PMCID: PMC9405530 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A low-cost and disposable graphene polylactic (G-PLA) 3D-printed electrode modified with gold particles (AuPs) was explored to detect the cDNA of SARS-CoV-2 and creatinine, a potential biomarker for COVID-19. For that, a simple, non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor, based on a Au-modified G-PLA platform was applied. The AuPs deposited on the electrode were involved in a complexation reaction with creatinine, resulting in a decrease in the analytical response, and thus providing a fast and simple electroanalytical device. Physicochemical characterizations were performed by SEM, EIS, FTIR, and cyclic voltammetry. Square wave voltammetry was employed for the creatinine detection, and the sensor presented a linear response with a detection limit of 0.016 mmol L−1. Finally, a biosensor for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 was developed based on the immobilization of a capture sequence of the viral cDNA upon the Au-modified 3D-printed electrode. The concentration, immobilization time, and hybridization time were evaluated in presence of the DNA target, resulting in a biosensor with rapid and low-cost analysis, capable of sensing the cDNA of the virus with a good limit of detection (0.30 µmol L−1), and high sensitivity (0.583 µA µmol−1 L). Reproducible results were obtained (RSD = 1.14%, n = 3), attesting to the potentiality of 3D-printed platforms for the production of biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz R. G. Silva
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S. Stefano
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.S.S.); (B.C.J.)
| | - Luiz O. Orzari
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil
| | - Laís C. Brazaca
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos 13566-590, SP, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. Marcolino-Junior
- Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcio F. Bergamini
- Chemistry Department, Laboratory of Electrochemical Sensors (LabSensE), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. A. Munoz
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Bioanalysis-INCTBio, Campinas 13083-970, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno C. Janegitz
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: (J.S.S.); (B.C.J.)
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Abstract
Printing technology promises a viable solution for the low-cost, rapid, flexible, and mass fabrication of biosensors. Among the vast number of printing techniques, screen printing and inkjet printing have been widely adopted for the fabrication of biosensors. Screen printing provides ease of operation and rapid processing; however, it is bound by the effects of viscous inks, high material waste, and the requirement for masks, to name a few. Inkjet printing, on the other hand, is well suited for mass fabrication that takes advantage of computer-aided design software for pattern modifications. Furthermore, being drop-on-demand, it prevents precious material waste and offers high-resolution patterning. To exploit the features of inkjet printing technology, scientists have been keen to use it for the development of biosensors since 1988. A vast number of fully and partially inkjet-printed biosensors have been developed ever since. This study presents a short introduction on the printing technology used for biosensor fabrication in general, and a brief review of the recent reports related to virus, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic biosensor fabrication, via inkjet printing technology in particular.
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22
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Amperometric biosensors for L-arginine and creatinine assay based on recombinant deiminases and ammonium-sensitive Cu/Zn(Hg)S nanoparticles. Talanta 2022; 238:122996. [PMID: 34857329 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There are limited data on amperometric biosensors (ABSs) based on deiminases that produce ammonium as a byproduct of enzymatic reaction. The most frequently proposed biosensors utilizing such a mode are based on potentiometric transducers, which contain at least two enzymes in the bioselective layer; this complicates the procedure and increases the cost of analysis. Thus, the construction of a one-enzyme ABS is a practical problem. In our manuscript ABSs for the direct measurement of creatinine (Crn) and l-arginine (Arg), based on the recombinant bacterial creatinine deiminase (CDI) and arginine deiminase (ADI), are described. To choose the best chemosensor on ammonium ions, a number of nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized and characterized using cyclic voltammetry. Hybrid Cu/Zn(Hg)S-NPs, having a good selectivity and an extremely high sensitivities towards ammonium ions (5660 A M-1 m-2 at +170 mV and 1870 A M-1 m-2 at -300 mV, respectively), was selected for the development of deiminase-based ABSs. The novel biosensors exhibited very high sensitivities (2660 A M-1 m-2 to Crn for CDI-ABS; 1570 A M-1 m-2 to Arg for ADI-ABS), broad linear ranges, low limits of detection, satisfactory storage stabilities and good selectivities towards natural substrates. The constructed CDI-ABS and ADI-ABS were tested on real samples of biological fluids and juices for Crn and Arg assay, respectively. High correlations of the obtained results with the reference methods were demonstrated for the target analytes.
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Gonzalez-Gallardo CL, Arjona N, Álvarez-Contreras L, Guerra-Balcázar M. Electrochemical creatinine detection for advanced point-of-care sensing devices: a review. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30785-30802. [PMID: 36349154 PMCID: PMC9606732 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04479j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatinine is an amino acid derived from creatine catabolism at different steps of the body's organs, and its detection is significant because levels out of normal values are linked to some diseases like kidney failure. Normal concentration levels of creatinine in blood are from 45 to 110 μM, while in urine, typical concentrations range between 3.3 to 27 mM, and in saliva from 8.8 and 26.5 μM. Nowadays, the creatinine detection is carried through different spectroscopic-colorimetric methods; however, the resulting values present errors due to high interferences, delayed analysis, and poor stability. Electrochemical sensors have been an alternative to creatinine detection, and the electrochemical methods have been adapted to detect in enzymatic and non-enzymatic sensors, the latter being more relevant in recent years. Nanomaterials have made creatinine sensors more stable, sensitive, and selective. This review presents recent advances in creatinine electrochemical sensors for advances in point-of-care (POC) sensing devices, comprising both a materials point of view and prototypes for advanced sensing. The effect of the metal, particle size, shape and other morphological and electronic characteristics of nanomaterials are discussed in terms of their impact on the effective detection of creatinine. In addition, the application of nanomaterials in POC devices is revised pointing to practical applications and looking for more straightforward and less expensive devices to manufacture. Creatinine is an amino acid derived from creatine catabolism at different steps of the body's organs, and its detection is significant because levels out of normal values are linked to some diseases like kidney failure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Luis Gonzalez-Gallardo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, C. P. 76010, Mexico
| | - Noé Arjona
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica S. C., Sanfandila, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro, C. P. 76703, Mexico
| | - Lorena Álvarez-Contreras
- Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S. C., Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua, C. P. 31136, Mexico
| | - Minerva Guerra-Balcázar
- Facultad de Ingeniería, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro, C. P. 76010, Mexico
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Yang Y, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Chen J, Chen B, Yan Y, Gao F. Electrochemical biosensor based on CuPt alloy NTs-AOE for the ultrasensitive detection of organophosphate pesticides. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:105501. [PMID: 34763323 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac38e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The electrode material is vital for the performance of the electrochemical biosensor. Lately, many nanomaterials have been developed to improve the sensitivity and detection efficiency of the biosensors. In this work, a kind of one-dimensional nanomaterials, the CuPt alloy nanotubes with an open end (CuPt alloy NTs-AOE), was explored. The nanotubes with an open end can provide a larger electrochemical active surface area and more active sites for the immobilization of enzyme. The CuPt alloy displays excellent conductivity and catalytic activity. In addition, the Cu shows the great affinity to thio-compounds, which can greatly enhance the detection efficiency and sensitivity. As a result, the prepared biosensor demonstrates the wider linear range of 9.98 × 10-10-9.98 × 10-5g l-1for fenitrothion and 9.94 × 10-11-9.94 × 10-4g l-1for dichlorvos (as model OPs ) and with the lower detection limit of 1.84 × 10-10g l-1and 6.31 × 10-12g l-1(S/N = 3), respectively. Besides, the biosensor has been used to detect the real samples and obtains satisfactory recoveries (95.58%-100.56%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yisong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Yan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
| | - Faming Gao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, People's Republic of China
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Iwata T, Okumura Y, Okumura K, Horio T, Doi H, Takahashi K, Sawada K. Redox Sensor Array with 23.5-μm Resolution for Real-Time Imaging of Hydrogen Peroxide and Glutamate Based on Charge-Transfer-Type Potentiometric Sensor. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:7682. [PMID: 34833757 PMCID: PMC8618362 DOI: 10.3390/s21227682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Towards clarifying the spatio-temporal neurotransmitter distribution, potentiometric redox sensor arrays with 23.5-µm resolution were fabricated. The sensor array based on a charge-transfer-type potentiometric sensor comprises 128×128 pixels with gold electrodes deposited on the surface of pixels. The sensor output corresponding to the interfacial potential of the electrode changed logarithmically with the mixture ratio of K3Fe(CN)6 and K4Fe(CN)6, where the redox sensitivity reached 49.9 mV/dec. By employing hydrogen peroxidase as an enzyme and ferrocene as an electron mediator, the sensing characteristics for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were investigated. The analyses of the sensing characteristics revealed that the sensitivity was about 44.7 mV/dec., comparable to the redox sensitivity, while the limit of detection (LOD) was achieved to be 1 µM. Furthermore, the oxidation state of the electron mediator can be the key to further lowering the LOD. Then, by immobilizing oxidizing enzyme for H2O2 and glutamate oxidase, glutamate (Glu) measurements were conducted. As a result, similar sensitivity and LOD to those of H2O2 were obtained. Finally, the real-time distribution of 1 µM Glu was visualized, demonstrating the feasibility of our device as a high-resolution bioimaging technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Iwata
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu 9390398, Japan
| | - Yuki Okumura
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Koichi Okumura
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Tomoko Horio
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Hideo Doi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazuhiro Takahashi
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Kazuaki Sawada
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 4418580, Japan; (Y.O.); (K.O.); (T.H.); (H.D.); (K.T.); (K.S.)
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