1
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Ramos Ferrer P, Vardhan S, Sakiyama-Elbert S. Sustained neurotrophin-3 delivery from hyaluronic acid hydrogels for neural tissue regeneration. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1188-1199. [PMID: 37675824 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to design a polymer-based platform capable of localized, long-term delivery of biologically active neurotropic factors using an affinity-based approach. Here, we synthesized hyaluronic acid-methylfuran (HA-mF) hydrogels that provide sustained, affinity-based release of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), a growth factor that promotes axon growth for 28 days. A Diels-Alder crosslinking reaction between HA-mF and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-dimaleimide occurs within 15 min under physiological conditions, resulting in hydrogels that can be polymerized in the presence of cells and growth factors. We also tuned the hydrogel's storage modulus to match that of native rat spinal cord tissue, providing a platform not only for localized drug delivery but also a suitable vehicle for cellular transplantation. The NT-3 released from the HAmF hydrogels remains bioactive for at least 14 days, promoting axonal growth from primary sensory neurons as well as stem cell-derived V2a interneurons and motoneurons in vitro. The hydrogels also supported cell growth allowing for 3-dimensional axonal extensions within the scaffold matrix. Here we confirm the protective role of HA-mF on matrix-bound NT-3 activity and show that these hydrogels are an excellent platform for growth factor delivery for neural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ramos Ferrer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sangamithra Vardhan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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2
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Hakami A, Narasimhan K, Comini G, Thiele J, Werner C, Dowd E, Newland B. Cryogel microcarriers for sustained local delivery of growth factors to the brain. J Control Release 2024; 369:404-419. [PMID: 38508528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Neurotrophic growth factors such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been considered as potential therapeutic candidates for neurodegenerative disorders due to their important role in modulating the growth and survival of neurons. However, clinical translation remains elusive, as their large size hinders translocation across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and their short half-life in vivo necessitates repeated administrations. Local delivery to the brain offers a potential route to the target site but requires a suitable drug-delivery system capable of releasing these proteins in a controlled and sustained manner. Herein, we develop a cryogel microcarrier delivery system which takes advantage of the heparin-binding properties of GDNF and BDNF, to reversibly bind/release these growth factors via electrostatic interactions. Droplet microfluidics and subzero temperature polymerization was used to create monodisperse cryogels with varying degrees of negative charge and an average diameter of 20 μm. By tailoring the inclusion of 3-sulfopropyl acrylate (SPA) as a negatively charged moiety, the release duration of these two growth factors could be adjusted to range from weeks to half a year. 80% SPA cryogels and 20% SPA cryogels were selected to load GDNF and BDNF respectively, for the subsequent biological studies. Cell culture studies demonstrated that these cryogel microcarriers were cytocompatible with neuronal and microglial cell lines, as well as primary neural cultures. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed their biocompatibility after administration into the brain, as well as their ability to deliver, retain and release GDNF and BDNF in the striatum. Overall, this study highlights the potential of using cryogel microcarriers for long-term delivery of neurotrophic growth factors to the brain for neurodegenerative disorder therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Hakami
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaushik Narasimhan
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, H91 W5P7 Galway, Ireland
| | - Giulia Comini
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, H91 W5P7 Galway, Ireland
| | - Julian Thiele
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany; Institute of Chemistry, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Werner
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eilís Dowd
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Galway Neuroscience Centre, University of Galway, H91 W5P7 Galway, Ireland.
| | - Ben Newland
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK.
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3
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Amsden BG. Hydrogel Mesh Size and Its Impact on Predictions of Mathematical Models of the Solute Diffusion Coefficient. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian G. Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
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4
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Idrisova KF, Zeinalova AK, Masgutova GA, Bogov AA, Allegrucci C, Syromiatnikova VY, Salafutdinov II, Garanina EE, Andreeva DI, Kadyrov AA, Rizvanov AA, Masgutov RF. Application of neurotrophic and proangiogenic factors as therapy after peripheral nervous system injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1240-1247. [PMID: 34782557 PMCID: PMC8643040 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.327329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic ability of peripheral nerves to regenerate after injury is extremely limited, especially in case of severe injury. This often leads to poor motor function and permanent disability. Existing approaches for the treatment of injured nerves do not provide appropriate conditions to support survival and growth of nerve cells. This drawback can be compensated by the use of gene therapy and cell therapy-based drugs that locally provide an increase in the key regulators of nerve growth, including neurotrophic factors and extracellular matrix proteins. Each growth factor plays its own specific angiotrophic or neurotrophic role. Currently, growth factors are widely studied as accelerators of nerve regeneration. Particularly noteworthy is synergy between various growth factors, that is essential for both angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Fibroblast growth factor 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor are widely known for their proangiogenic effects. At the same time, fibroblast growth factor 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor stimulate neural cell growth and play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Taken together, their neurotrophic and angiogenic properties have positive effect on the regeneration process. In this review we provide an in-depth overview of the role of fibroblast growth factor 2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the regeneration of peripheral nerves, thus demonstrating their neurotherapeutic efficacy in improving neuron survival in the peripheral nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cinzia Allegrucci
- Biodiscovery Institute, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruslan Faridovich Masgutov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Republican Clinical Hospital, Kazan, Russia
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5
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Meder T, Prest T, Skillen C, Marchal L, Yupanqui VT, Soletti L, Gardner P, Cheetham J, Brown BN. Nerve-specific extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes functional regeneration following nerve gap injury. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:69. [PMID: 34697304 PMCID: PMC8546053 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve transection requires surgical intervention to restore function. The standard of care involves coaptation when a tension-free repair is achievable, or interposition of a graft or conduit when a gap remains. Despite advances, nerve gap injury is associated with unsatisfactory recovery. This study investigates the use of a decellularized, porcine nerve-derived hydrogel filler (peripheral nerve matrix, PNM) for conduits in an 8 mm rat sciatic nerve gap model. The decellularized tissue maintained multiple nerve-specific matrix components and nerve growth factors. This decellularized tissue was used to formulate hydrogels, which were deployed into conduits for nerve gap repair. Nerve recovery was assessed up to 24 weeks post injury by gait analysis, electrophysiology, and axon counting. Deployment of PNM within conduits was shown to improve electrophysiologic response and axon counts compared with those of empty conduit controls. These results indicate that PNM has potential benefits when used as a filler for conduits in nerve gap injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Meder
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - T Prest
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - C Skillen
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - L Marchal
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - V T Yupanqui
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - P Gardner
- Renerva, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburg School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Cheetham
- Renerva, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - B N Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Renerva, LLC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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6
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Yokoi T, Uemura T, Takamatsu K, Shintani K, Onode E, Hama S, Miyashima Y, Okada M, Nakamura H. Fate and contribution of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurospheres transplanted with nerve conduits to promote peripheral nerve regeneration in mice. Biomed Mater Eng 2021; 32:171-181. [PMID: 33780359 DOI: 10.3233/bme-201182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that a bioabsorbable nerve conduit coated with mouse induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurospheres accelerated peripheral nerve regeneration in mice. OBJECTIVE We examined the fate and utility of iPSC-derived neurospheres transplanted with nerve conduits for the treatment of sciatic nerve gaps in mice. METHODS Complete 5-mm defects were created in sciatic nerves and reconstructed using nerve conduits that were either uncoated or coated with mouse iPSC-derived neurospheres. The survival of the neurospheres on the nerve conduits was tracked using an in vivo imaging. The localization of the transplanted cells and regenerating axons was examined histologically. The gene expression levels in the nerve conduits were evaluated. RESULTS The neurospheres survived for at least 14 days, peaking at 4--7 days after implantation. The grafted neurospheres remained as Schwann-like cells within the nerve conduits and migrated into the regenerated axons. The expression levels of ATF3, BDNF, and GDNF in the nerve conduit coated with neurospheres were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Mouse iPSC-derived neurospheres transplanted with nerve conduits for the treatment of sciatic nerve defects in mice migrated into regenerating axons, survived as Schwann-like cells, and promoted axonal growth with an elevation in the expression of nerve regeneration-associated trophic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yokoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Uemura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka General Hospital of West Japan Railway Company, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyohito Takamatsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shintani
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ema Onode
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunpei Hama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Slavin BR, Sarhane KA, von Guionneau N, Hanwright PJ, Qiu C, Mao HQ, Höke A, Tuffaha SH. Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Peripheral Nerve Injury. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:695850. [PMID: 34249891 PMCID: PMC8264584 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.695850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients who sustain peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) are often left with debilitating sensory and motor loss. Presently, there is a lack of clinically available therapeutics that can be given as an adjunct to surgical repair to enhance the regenerative process. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) represents a promising therapeutic target to meet this need, given its well-described trophic and anti-apoptotic effects on neurons, Schwann cells (SCs), and myocytes. Here, we review the literature regarding the therapeutic potential of IGF-1 in PNI. We appraised the literature for the various approaches of IGF-1 administration with the aim of identifying which are the most promising in offering a pathway toward clinical application. We also sought to determine the optimal reported dosage ranges for the various delivery approaches that have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Slavin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Karim A Sarhane
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicholas von Guionneau
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Phillip J Hanwright
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chenhu Qiu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hai-Quan Mao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Translational Tissue Engineering Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ahmet Höke
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sami H Tuffaha
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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8
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Onode E, Uemura T, Takamatsu K, Yokoi T, Shintani K, Hama S, Miyashima Y, Okada M, Nakamura H. Bioabsorbable nerve conduits three-dimensionally coated with human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells promote peripheral nerve regeneration in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4204. [PMID: 33602991 PMCID: PMC7893001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration using nerve conduits has been less effective than autogenous nerve grafts. To overcome this hurdle, we developed a tissue-engineered nerve conduit coated with mouse induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurospheres, for the first time, which accelerated nerve regeneration in mice. We previously demonstrated the long-term efficacy and safety outcomes of this hybrid nerve conduit for mouse peripheral nerve regeneration. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of nerve conduits coated with human iPSC (hiPSC)-derived neurospheres in rat sciatic nerve defects, as a translational preclinical study. The hiPSC-derived quaternary neurospheres containing neural stem/progenitor cells were three-dimensionally cultured within the nerve conduit (poly l-lactide and polycaprolactone copolymer) for 14 days. Complete 5-mm defects were created as a small size peripheral nerve defect in sciatic nerves of athymic nude rats and reconstructed with nerve conduit alone (control group), nerve conduits coated with hiPSC-derived neurospheres (iPS group), and autogenous nerve grafts (autograft group) (n = 8 per group). The survival of the iPSC-derived neurospheres was continuously tracked using in vivo imaging. At 12 weeks postoperatively, motor and sensory function and histological nerve regeneration were evaluated. Before implantation, the hiPSC-derived quaternary neurospheres that three-dimensional coated the nerve conduit were differentiated into Schwann-like cells. The transplanted hiPSC-derived neurospheres survived for at least 56 days after implantation. The iPS group showed non-significance higher sensory regeneration than the autograft group. Although there was no actual motor functional nerve regeneration in the three groups: control, iPS, and autograft groups, the motor function in the iPS group recovered significantly better than that in the control group, but it did not recover to the same level as that in the autograft group. Histologically, the iPS group demonstrated significantly higher axon numbers and areas, and lower G-ratio values than the control group, whereas the autograft group demonstrated the highest axon numbers and areas and the lowest G-ratio values. Nerve conduit three-dimensionally coated with hiPSC-derived neurospheres promoted axonal regeneration and functional recovery in repairing rat sciatic nerve small size defects. Transplantation of hiPSC-derived neurospheres with nerve conduits is a promising clinical iPSC-based cell therapy for the treatment of peripheral nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Onode
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takuya Uemura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka General Hospital of West Japan Railway Company, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kiyohito Takamatsu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yodogawa Christian Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Yokoi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shintani
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunpei Hama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyashima
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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9
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Meena P, Kakkar A, Kumar M, Khatri N, Nagar RK, Singh A, Malhotra P, Shukla M, Saraswat SK, Srivastava S, Datt R, Pandey S. Advances and clinical challenges for translating nerve conduit technology from bench to bed side for peripheral nerve repair. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 383:617-644. [PMID: 33201351 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03301-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Injuries to the peripheral nervous system remain a large-scale clinical problem. These injuries often lead to loss of motor and/or sensory function that significantly affects patients' quality of life. The current neurosurgical approach for peripheral nerve repair involves autologous nerve transplantation, which often leads to clinical complications. The most pressing need is to increase the regenerative capacity of existing tubular constructs in the repair of large nerve gaps through development of tissue-engineered approaches that can surpass the performance of autografts. To fully realize the clinical potential of nerve conduit technology, there is a need to reconsider design strategies, biomaterial selection, fabrication techniques and the various potential modifications to optimize a conduit microenvironment that can best mimic the natural process of regeneration. In recent years, a significant progress has been made in the designing and functionality of bioengineered nerve conduits to bridge long peripheral nerve gaps in various animal models. However, translation of this work from lab to commercial scale has not been achieve. The current review summarizes recent advances in the development of tissue engineered nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) with regard to choice of material, novel fabrication methods, surface modifications and regenerative cues such as stem cells and growth factors to improve regeneration performance. Also, the current clinical potential and future perspectives to achieve therapeutic benefits of NGCs will be discussed in context of peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Meena
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Anupama Kakkar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Nitin Khatri
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Nagar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Aarti Singh
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Malhotra
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Manish Shukla
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Saraswat
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Supriya Srivastava
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Rajan Datt
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India
| | - Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Pvt. Ltd., Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, District Mewat, Nuh, 122103, District Haryana, India.
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10
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Min Q, Parkinson DB, Dun XP. Migrating Schwann cells direct axon regeneration within the peripheral nerve bridge. Glia 2020; 69:235-254. [PMID: 32697392 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Schwann cells within the peripheral nervous system possess a remarkable regenerative potential. Current research shows that peripheral nerve-associated Schwann cells possess the capacity to promote repair of multiple tissues including peripheral nerve gap bridging, skin wound healing, digit tip repair as well as tooth regeneration. One of the key features of the specialized repair Schwann cells is that they become highly motile. They not only migrate into the area of damaged tissue and become a key component of regenerating tissue but also secrete signaling molecules to attract macrophages, support neuronal survival, promote axonal regrowth, activate local mesenchymal stem cells, and interact with other cell types. Currently, the importance of migratory Schwann cells in tissue regeneration is most evident in the case of a peripheral nerve transection injury. Following nerve transection, Schwann cells from both proximal and distal nerve stumps migrate into the nerve bridge and form Schwann cell cords to guide axon regeneration. The formation of Schwann cell cords in the nerve bridge is key to successful peripheral nerve repair following transection injury. In this review, we first examine nerve bridge formation and the behavior of Schwann cell migration in the nerve bridge, and then discuss how migrating Schwann cells direct regenerating axons into the distal nerve. We also review the current understanding of signals that could activate Schwann cell migration and signals that Schwann cells utilize to direct axon regeneration. Understanding the molecular mechanism of Schwann cell migration could potentially offer new therapeutic strategies for peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Min
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - David B Parkinson
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, UK
| | - Xin-Peng Dun
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
- Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon, UK
- The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
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11
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Donsante A, Xue J, Poth KM, Hardcastle NS, Diniz B, O'Connor DM, Xia Y, Boulis NM. Controlling the Release of Neurotrophin-3 and Chondroitinase ABC Enhances the Efficacy of Nerve Guidance Conduits. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000200. [PMID: 32548984 PMCID: PMC7751830 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have the potential to replace autografts in repairing peripheral nerve injuries, but their efficacy still needs to be improved. The efficacy of NGCs is augmented by neurotrophic factors that promote axon growth and by enzymes capable of degrading molecules that inhibit axon growth. In the current study, two types of NGCs loaded with factors (both neurotrophin-3 and chondroitinase ABC) are constructed and their abilities to repair an 8 mm gap in the rat sciatic nerve are examined. The factors are encapsulated in microparticles made of a phase-change material (PCM) or collagen and then sandwiched between two layers of electrospun fibers. The use of PCM allows to achieve pulsed release of the factors upon irradiation with a near-infrared laser. The use of collagen enables slow, continuous release via diffusion. The efficacy is evaluated by measuring compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) in the gastrocnemius muscle and analyzing the nerve histology. Continuous release of the factors from collagen results in enhanced CMAP amplitude and increased axon counts in the distal nerve relative to the plain conduit. In contrast, pulsed release of the same factors from PCM shows a markedly adverse impact on the efficacy, possibly by inhibiting axon growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Donsante
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jiajia Xue
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kelly M Poth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Bruna Diniz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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12
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Restoration of Neurological Function Following Peripheral Nerve Trauma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051808. [PMID: 32155716 PMCID: PMC7084579 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Following peripheral nerve trauma that damages a length of the nerve, recovery of function is generally limited. This is because no material tested for bridging nerve gaps promotes good axon regeneration across the gap under conditions associated with common nerve traumas. While many materials have been tested, sensory nerve grafts remain the clinical “gold standard” technique. This is despite the significant limitations in the conditions under which they restore function. Thus, they induce reliable and good recovery only for patients < 25 years old, when gaps are <2 cm in length, and when repairs are performed <2–3 months post trauma. Repairs performed when these values are larger result in a precipitous decrease in neurological recovery. Further, when patients have more than one parameter larger than these values, there is normally no functional recovery. Clinically, there has been little progress in developing new techniques that increase the level of functional recovery following peripheral nerve injury. This paper examines the efficacies and limitations of sensory nerve grafts and various other techniques used to induce functional neurological recovery, and how these might be improved to induce more extensive functional recovery. It also discusses preliminary data from the clinical application of a novel technique that restores neurological function across long nerve gaps, when repairs are performed at long times post-trauma, and in older patients, even under all three of these conditions. Thus, it appears that function can be restored under conditions where sensory nerve grafts are not effective.
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13
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Gallo N, Lunetti P, Bettini S, Barca A, Madaghiele M, Valli L, Capobianco L, Sannino A, Salvatore L. Assessment of physico-chemical and biological properties of sericin-collagen substrates for PNS regeneration. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1725755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nunzia Gallo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Paola Lunetti
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Simona Bettini
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Amilcare Barca
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marta Madaghiele
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Ludovico Valli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sannino
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Salvatore
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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14
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Pan D, Mackinnon SE, Wood MD. Advances in the repair of segmental nerve injuries and trends in reconstruction. Muscle Nerve 2020; 61:726-739. [PMID: 31883129 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in surgery, the reconstruction of segmental nerve injuries continues to pose challenges. In this review, current neurobiology regarding regeneration across a nerve defect is discussed in detail. Recent findings include the complex roles of nonneuronal cells in nerve defect regeneration, such as the role of the innate immune system in angiogenesis and how Schwann cells migrate within the defect. Clinically, the repair of nerve defects is still best served by using nerve autografts with the exception of small, noncritical sensory nerve defects, which can be repaired using autograft alternatives, such as processed or acellular nerve allografts. Given current clinical limits for when alternatives can be used, advanced solutions to repair nerve defects demonstrated in animals are highlighted. These highlights include alternatives designed with novel topology and materials, delivery of drugs specifically known to accelerate axon growth, and greater attention to the role of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan E Mackinnon
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew D Wood
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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15
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Zhu Y, Jin Z, Fang J, Wang J, Wang Y, Song Q, Tian X, Zhang Y, Xie F, Chen W, Peng N, Peng J, Luo Y, Wang Y. Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Low-Dose Ultrashort Wave Therapy Accelerates Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 26:178-192. [PMID: 31516089 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2019.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Finding treatments that accelerate peripheral nerve regeneration, prolongation, and functional recovery remains a challenging task. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains numerous growth factors and active proteins, and low-dose ultrashort waves (USWs) stimulate the formation of nerve-nourishing vessels, which are powerful for nerve regeneration. The goal of this study was to evaluate the synergistic effects of serial ultrasound-guided PRP injections combined with low-dose USWs radiation on peripheral nerve regeneration in a crush injury model. Fifty rabbits were equally and randomly divided into normal control, model, USW, PRP, and PRP+USW groups. The neurological function, electrophysiological recovery, and histological and morphological evaluation of regenerated nerves, as well as a targeted muscle recovery assessment, were performed to investigate the regenerative effect of PRP combined with USW therapy. Our results showed that the PRP+USW group had the better early axonal regeneration and displayed the earliest positive compound muscle action potential among the treatment groups. At postintervention week 12, a histological evaluation showed similar expression of the S-100 protein in the PRP+USW and normal control groups. Moreover, the morphological assessment revealed a significant increase in the myelinated nerve fiber density and diameter and myelin sheath thickness compared with the USW and PRP groups. The morphometry of the target muscles indicated the lowest reduction in the percent volume in the PRP+USW group, and an ultrasound examination of the targeted muscle showed the best improvement in stiffness and perfusion parameters at 12 weeks after crush injury. Thus, serial ultrasound-guided PRP injections combined with low-dose USW radiation exert a synergistic effect on accelerating functional axon recovery and decreasing atrophy of the target muscles in a crush injury model. Impact Statement This research describes that the application of platelet-rich plasma combined with low-dose ultrashort waves treatment exert a synergistic effect on accelerating peripheral nerve regeneration. With the extensive use of platelet-rich plasma and physical factors in regenerative medicine or clinical rehabilitation medicine, our findings may help establish effective strategies for repairing peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Zhu
- Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Chronic Heart Failure Precision Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,General hospital of Northern Theater Command, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Fang
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Song
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqi Tian
- Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Medical College of Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Peng
- Department of Geriatric Rehabilitation, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Luo
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuexiang Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Tajdaran K, Chan K, Gordon T, Borschel GH. Matrices, scaffolds, and carriers for protein and molecule delivery in peripheral nerve regeneration. Exp Neurol 2019; 319:112817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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Modulation of angiogenic potential of tissue-engineered peripheral nerve by covalent incorporation of heparin and loading with vascular endothelial growth factor. Neurosci Lett 2019; 705:259-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Cavanaugh M, Silantyeva E, Pylypiv Koh G, Malekzadeh E, Lanzinger WD, Willits RK, Becker ML. RGD-Modified Nanofibers Enhance Outcomes in Rats after Sciatic Nerve Injury. J Funct Biomater 2019; 10:jfb10020024. [PMID: 31146396 PMCID: PMC6637389 DOI: 10.3390/jfb10020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nerve injuries requiring surgery are a significant problem without good clinical alternatives to the autograft. Tissue engineering strategies are critically needed to provide an alternative. In this study, we utilized aligned nanofibers that were click-modified with the bioactive peptide RGD for rat sciatic nerve repair. Empty conduits or conduits filled with either non-functionalized aligned nanofibers or RGD-functionalized aligned nanofibers were used to repair a 13 mm gap in the rat sciatic nerve of animals for six weeks. The aligned nanofibers encouraged cell infiltration and nerve repair as shown by histological analysis. RGD-functionalized nanofibers reduced muscle atrophy. During the six weeks of recovery, the animals were subjected to motor and sensory tests. Sensory recovery was improved in the RGD-functionalized nanofiber group by week 4, while other groups needed six weeks to show improvement after injury. Thus, the use of functionalized nanofibers provides cues that aid in in vivo nerve repair and should be considered as a future repair strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKay Cavanaugh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-0302, USA.
| | - Elena Silantyeva
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
| | - Galina Pylypiv Koh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-0302, USA.
| | - Elham Malekzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-0302, USA.
| | | | - Rebecca Kuntz Willits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325-0302, USA.
| | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
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19
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GDNF pretreatment overcomes Schwann cell phenotype mismatch to promote motor axon regeneration via sensory graft. Exp Neurol 2019; 318:258-266. [PMID: 31100319 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In the clinic, severe motor nerve injury is commonly repaired by autologous sensory nerve bridging, but the ability of Schwann cells (SCs) in sensory nerves to support motor neuron axon growth is poor due to phenotype mismatch. In vitro experiments have demonstrated that sensory-derived SCs overcome phenotypic mismatch-induced growth inhibition after pretreatment with exogenous glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and induce motor neuron axonal growth. Thus, we introduced a novel staging surgery: In the first stage of surgery, the denervated sensory nerve was pretreated with sustained-release GDNF, which was encapsulated into a self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffold (SAPNS) RADA-16I in the donor area in vivo. In the second stage of surgery, the pretreated sensory grafts were transplanted to repair motor nerve injury. Motor axon regeneration and remyelination and muscle functional recovery after the second surgery was compared to those in the control groups. The expression of genes previously shown to be differently expressed in motor and sensory SCs was also analyzed in pretreated sensory grafts by qRT-PCR to explore possible changes after exogenous GDNF application. Exogenous GDNF acted directly on the denervated sensory nerve graft in vivo, increasing the expression of endogenous GDNF and sensory SC-derived marker brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). After transplantation to repair motor nerve injury, exogenous GDNF pretreatment promoted the regeneration and remyelination of proximal motor axons and the recovery of muscle function. Further research into how phenotype, gene expression and changes in neurotrophic factors in SCs are affected by GDNF will help us design more effective methods to treat peripheral nerve injury.
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20
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Wang J, Zheng W, Chen L, Zhu T, Shen W, Fan C, Wang H, Mo X. Enhancement of Schwann Cells Function Using Graphene-Oxide-Modified Nanofiber Scaffolds for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:2444-2456. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Tonghe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, United States
| | - Xiumei Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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21
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Coker RA, Zellmer ER, Moran DW. Micro-channel sieve electrode for concurrent bidirectional peripheral nerve interface. Part B: stimulation. J Neural Eng 2019; 16:026002. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aaefab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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22
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Sarker M, Naghieh S, McInnes AD, Schreyer DJ, Chen X. Regeneration of peripheral nerves by nerve guidance conduits: Influence of design, biopolymers, cells, growth factors, and physical stimuli. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 171:125-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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23
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Coker RA, Zellmer ER, Moran DW. Micro-channel sieve electrode for concurrent bidirectional peripheral nerve interface. Part A: recording. J Neural Eng 2018; 16:026001. [PMID: 30524005 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aaefcf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Advancement in prosthetic limb technology requires corresponding improvements in the capability of the amputee to naturally control the device via original motor pathways while simultaneously receiving haptic feedback via sensory pathways. Recording efferent axonal activity using a peripheral neural interface (PNI) allows a good tradeoff between invasiveness and selectivity while possibly preserving the phenomenology of controlling the original limb. One such PNI, the thin-film transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrode (tfTIME), has been shown to be successful in controlling powered prosthetics. However, the tfTIME is highly susceptible to stimulation artifact; thus, using such a PNI to both record efferent motor signals while concurrently stimulating afferent sensory axons in the same nerve is problematic. The micro-channel sieve electrode could also provide a stable, selective, neural interface with larger signal-to-noise levels that are less susceptible to concurrent stimulation artifact or other external noise effects. APPROACH This study uses a computational model to compare recording levels of simulated ENGs across neural drive levels as well as basic control signals derived from the ENGs in both tfTIME and micro-channel sieve PNIs. A motor neuron pool model generated axon firing rates at a given neural drive. The time course of the corresponding extracellular currents of the myelinated motor axons were determined using core conductor axon models. Finite element models determined the contribution of the extracellular current from nodes of Ranvier on potentials recorded using each interface. Contributions from each node were combined to create the final ENG. MAIN RESULTS ENGs recorded using the micro-channel sieves were shown to have much higher amplitudes compared to ENGs recorded using the tfTIMEs. Signal amplitudes also varied less as a function of axonal placement and spike timing, resulting in more consistent signals with amplitudes determined predominantly by neural drive. SIGNIFICANCE Simulation results suggest that the micro-channel sieve provides higher quality control signals over tfTIME PNIs in decoding ENGs. Coupling these results with concurrent stimulation results of the companion paper (Part B: stimulation) suggests that the micro-channel sieve is an optimal bidirectional PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Coker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States of America
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24
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Prest TA, Yeager E, LoPresti ST, Zygelyte E, Martin MJ, Dong L, Gibson A, Olutoye OO, Brown BN, Cheetham J. Nerve-specific, xenogeneic extracellular matrix hydrogel promotes recovery following peripheral nerve injury. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:450-459. [PMID: 28891122 PMCID: PMC5745279 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve possesses the inherent ability to regrow and recover following injury. However, nerve regeneration is often slow and incomplete due to limitations associated with the local microenvironment during the repair process. Manipulation of the local microenvironment at the site of nerve repair, therefore, represents a significant opportunity for improvement in downstream outcomes. Macrophages and Schwann cells play a key role in the orchestration of early events after peripheral nerve injury. We describe the production, characterization, and use of an injectable, peripheral nerve-specific extracellular matrix-based hydrogel (PNSECM) for promoting modulation of the local macrophage and Schwann cell responses at the site of nerve repair in a rodent model of sciatic nerve injury. We show that PNSECM hydrogels largely maintain the matrix structure associated with normal native peripheral nerve tissue. PNSECM hydrogels were also found to promote increased macrophage invasion, higher percentages of M2 macrophages and enhanced Schwann cell migration when used as a lumen filler in a rodent model of nerve gap repair using an inert nerve guidance conduit. These results suggest that an injectable PNSECM hydrogel can provide a supportive, bioactive scaffold which promotes repair of peripheral nerve in vivo. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 450-459, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis A. Prest
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Eric Yeager
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Samuel T. LoPresti
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Longying Dong
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Alexis Gibson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Oluyinka O. Olutoye
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Bryan N. Brown
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Jonathan Cheetham
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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25
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Abstract
Understanding how nerves spontaneously innervate tissues or regenerate small injuries is critical to enhance material-based interventions to regenerate large scale, traumatic injuries. During embryogenesis, neural and vascular tissues form interconnected, complex networks as a result of signaling between these tissue types. Here, we report that human endothelial cells (HUVECs) secrete brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), which significantly stimulated axonal growth from chicken or rat dorsal root ganglia (DRGs). HUVEC-conditioned medium was sufficient to enhance axonal growth, demonstrating that direct cell-cell contact was not required. When BDNF was neutralized, there was a significant reduction in axonal growth when incubated in HUVEC-conditioned medium and in direct co-culture with HUVECs. These data show that HUVECs secrete neurotrophic factors that significantly enhance axonal growth, and can inform future in vivo studies to direct or pattern the angiogenic response in regenerating tissues to encourage re-innervation.
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27
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Panagopoulos GN, Megaloikonomos PD, Mavrogenis AF. The Present and Future for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. Orthopedics 2017; 40:e141-e156. [PMID: 27783836 DOI: 10.3928/01477447-20161019-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury can have a potentially devastating impact on a patient's quality of life, resulting in severe disability with substantial social and personal cost. Refined microsurgical techniques, advances in peripheral nerve topography, and a better understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular basis of nerve injury have all led to a decisive leap forward in the field of translational neurophysiology. Nerve repair, nerve grafting, and nerve transfers have improved significantly with consistently better functional outcomes. Direct nerve repair with epineural microsutures is still the surgical treatment of choice when a tension-free coaptation in a well-vascularized bed can be achieved. In the presence of a significant gap (>2-3 cm) between the proximal and distal nerve stumps, primary end-to-end nerve repair often is not possible; in these cases, nerve grafting is the treatment of choice. Indications for nerve transfer include brachial plexus injuries, especially avulsion type, with long distance from target motor end plates, delayed presentation, segmental loss of nerve function, and broad zone of injury with dense scarring. Current experimental research in peripheral nerve regeneration aims to accelerate the process of regeneration using pharmacologic agents, bioengineering of sophisticated nerve conduits, pluripotent stem cells, and gene therapy. Several small molecules, peptides, hormones, neurotoxins, and growth factors have been studied to improve and accelerate nerve repair and regeneration by reducing neuronal death and promoting axonal outgrowth. Targeting specific steps in molecular pathways also allows for purposeful pharmacologic intervention, potentially leading to a better functional recovery after nerve injury. This article summarizes the principles of nerve repair and the current concepts of peripheral nerve regeneration research, as well as future perspectives. [Orthopedics. 2017; 40(1):e141-e156.].
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28
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Adams AM, VanDusen KW, Kostrominova TY, Mertens JP, Larkin LM. Scaffoldless tissue-engineered nerve conduit promotes peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery after tibial nerve injury in rats. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1529-1537. [PMID: 29090000 PMCID: PMC5649475 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.215265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Damage to peripheral nerve tissue may cause loss of function in both the nerve and the targeted muscles it innervates. This study compared the repair capability of engineered nerve conduit (ENC), engineered fibroblast conduit (EFC), and autograft in a 10-mm tibial nerve gap. ENCs were fabricated utilizing primary fibroblasts and the nerve cells of rats on embryonic day 15 (E15). EFCs were fabricated utilizing primary fibroblasts only. Following a 12-week recovery, nerve repair was assessed by measuring contractile properties in the medial gastrocnemius muscle, distal motor nerve conduction velocity in the lateral gastrocnemius, and histology of muscle and nerve. The autografts, ENCs and EFCs reestablished 96%, 87% and 84% of native distal motor nerve conduction velocity in the lateral gastrocnemius, 100%, 44% and 44% of native specific force of medical gastrocnemius, and 63%, 61% and 67% of native medial gastrocnemius mass, respectively. Histology of the repaired nerve revealed large axons in the autograft, larger but fewer axons in the ENC repair, and many smaller axons in the EFC repair. Muscle histology revealed similar muscle fiber cross-sectional areas among autograft, ENC and EFC repairs. In conclusion, both ENCs and EFCs promoted nerve regeneration in a 10-mm tibial nerve gap repair, suggesting that the E15 rat nerve cells may not be necessary for nerve regeneration, and EFC alone can suffice for peripheral nerve injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Adams
- Department of Molecular and Integrated Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Keith W VanDusen
- Department of Molecular and Integrated Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Tatiana Y Kostrominova
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Northwest, Gary, IN, USA
| | - Jacob P Mertens
- Department of Molecular and Integrated Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lisa M Larkin
- Department of Molecular and Integrated Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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MacEwan MR, Zellmer ER, Wheeler JJ, Burton H, Moran DW. Regenerated Sciatic Nerve Axons Stimulated through a Chronically Implanted Macro-Sieve Electrode. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:557. [PMID: 28008303 PMCID: PMC5143347 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sieve electrodes provide a chronic interface for stimulating peripheral nerve axons. Yet, successful utilization requires robust axonal regeneration through the implanted electrode. The present study determined the effect of large transit zones in enhancing axonal regeneration and revealed an intimate neural interface with an implanted sieve electrode. Fabrication of the polyimide sieve electrodes employed sacrificial photolithography. The manufactured macro-sieve electrode (MSE) contained nine large transit zones with areas of ~0.285 mm2 surrounded by eight Pt-Ir metallized electrode sites. Prior to implantation, saline, or glial derived neurotropic factor (GDNF) was injected into nerve guidance silicone-conduits with or without a MSE. The MSE assembly or a nerve guidance conduit was implanted between transected ends of the sciatic nerve in adult male Lewis rats. At 3 months post-operation, fiber counts were similar through both implant types. Likewise, stimulation of nerves regenerated through a MSE or an open silicone conduit evoked comparable muscle forces. These results showed that nerve regeneration was comparable through MSE transit zones and an open conduit. GDNF had a minimal positive effect on the quality and morphology of fibers regenerating through the MSE; thus, the MSE may reduce reliance on GDNF to augment axonal regeneration. Selective stimulation of several individual muscles was achieved through monopolar stimulation of individual electrodes sites suggesting that the MSE might be an optimal platform for functional neuromuscular stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R MacEwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Erik R Zellmer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jesse J Wheeler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Harold Burton
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel W Moran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University St. Louis, MO, USA
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Sánchez M, Anitua E, Delgado D, Sanchez P, Prado R, Orive G, Padilla S. Platelet-rich plasma, a source of autologous growth factors and biomimetic scaffold for peripheral nerve regeneration. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2016; 17:197-212. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2017.1259409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Sánchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Eduardo Anitua
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Diego Delgado
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Peio Sanchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research, Hospital Vithas San José, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | - Gorka Orive
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
- Lab of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sabino Padilla
- BTI Biotechnology Institute, Vitoria, Spain
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain
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Pinho AC, Fonseca AC, Serra AC, Santos JD, Coelho JFJ. Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: Current Status and New Strategies Using Polymeric Materials. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2732-2744. [PMID: 27600578 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Experiments concerning peripheral nerve regeneration have been reported since the end of the 19th century. The need to implement an effective surgical procedure in terms of functional recovery has resulted in the appearance of several approaches to solve this problem. Nerve autograft was the first approach studied and is still considered the gold standard. Since autografts require donor harvesting, other strategies involving the use of natural materials have also been studied. Nevertheless, the results were not very encouraging and attention has moved towards the use of nerve conduits made from polymers, whose properties can be easily tailored and which allow the nerve conduit to be easily processed into a variety of shapes and forms. Some of these materials are already approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), as is presented here. Furthermore, polymers with conductive properties have very recently been subject to intensive study in this field, since it is believed that such properties have a positive influence in the regeneration of the new axons. This manuscript intends to give a global view of the mechanisms involved in peripheral nerve regeneration and the main strategies used to recover motor and sensorial function of injured nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Pinho
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Ana C. Fonseca
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Arménio C. Serra
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
| | - José D. Santos
- CEMUC Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering; University of Porto; Rua Dr Roberto Frias 4200-465 Porto Portugal
| | - Jorge F. J. Coelho
- CEMUC Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Coimbra; Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II 3030-790 Coimbra Portugal
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Marquardt LM, Ee X, Iyer N, Hunter D, Mackinnon SE, Wood MD, Sakiyama-Elbert SE. Finely Tuned Temporal and Spatial Delivery of GDNF Promotes Enhanced Nerve Regeneration in a Long Nerve Defect Model. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 21:2852-64. [PMID: 26466815 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of growth factors, such as glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury has been useful in promoting axon survival and regeneration. Unfortunately, finding a method that delivers the appropriate spatial and temporal release profile to promote functional recovery has proven difficult. Some release methods result in burst release profiles too short to remain effective over the regeneration period; however, prolonged exposure to GDNF can result in axonal entrapment at the site of release. Thus, GDNF was delivered in both a spatially and temporally controlled manner using a two-phase system comprised of an affinity-based release system and conditional lentiviral GDNF overexpression from Schwann cells (SCs). Briefly, SCs were transduced with a tetracycline-inducible (Tet-On) GDNF overexpressing lentivirus before transplantation. Three-centimeter acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) were modified by injection of a GDNF-releasing fibrin scaffold under the epineurium and then used to bridge a 3 cm sciatic nerve defect. To encourage growth past the ANA, GDNF-SCs were transplanted into the distal nerve and doxycycline was administered for 4, 6, or 8 weeks to determine the optimal duration of GDNF expression in the distal nerve. Live imaging and histomorphometric analysis determined that 6 weeks of doxycycline treatment resulted in enhanced regeneration compared to 4 or 8 weeks. This enhanced regeneration resulted in increased gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscle mass for animals receiving doxycycline for 6 weeks. The results of this study demonstrate that strategies providing spatial and temporal control of delivery can improve axonal regeneration and functional muscle reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Marquardt
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Xueping Ee
- 2 Divison of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Nisha Iyer
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel Hunter
- 2 Divison of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Susan E Mackinnon
- 2 Divison of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew D Wood
- 2 Divison of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Shelly E Sakiyama-Elbert
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis , St. Louis, Missouri.,2 Divison of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri
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Žygelytė E, Bernard ME, Tomlinson JE, Martin MJ, Terhorst A, Bradford HE, Lundquist SA, Sledziona M, Cheetham J. RetroDISCO: Clearing technique to improve quantification of retrograde labeled motor neurons of intact mouse spinal cords. J Neurosci Methods 2016; 271:34-42. [PMID: 27268155 PMCID: PMC5620662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2016.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of the number of axons reinnervating a target organ is often used to assess regeneration after peripheral nerve repair, but because of axonal branching, this method can overestimate the number of motor neurons regenerating across an injury. Current methods to count the number of regenerated motor neurons include retrograde labeling followed by cryosectioning and counting labeled motor neuron cell bodies, however, the process of sectioning introduces error from potential double counting of cells in adjacent sections. NEW METHOD We describe a method, retroDISCO, that optically clears whole mouse spinal cord without loss of fluorescent signal to allow imaging of retrograde labeled motor neurons using confocal microscopy. RESULTS Complete optical clearing of spinal cords takes four hours and confocal microscopy can obtain z-stacks of labeled motor neuron pools within 3-5min. The technique is able to detect anticipated differences in motor neuron number after cross-suture and conduit repair compared to intact mice and is highly repeatable. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD RetroDISCO is inexpensive, simple, robust and uses commonly available microscopy techniques to determine the number of motor neurons extending axons across an injury site, avoiding the need for labor-intensive cryosectioning and potential double counting of motor neuron cell bodies in adjacent sections. CONCLUSIONS RetroDISCO allows rapid quantification of the degree of reinnervation without the confounding produced by axonal sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Žygelytė
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Megan E Bernard
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Joy E Tomlinson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Matthew J Martin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Allegra Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Harriet E Bradford
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Sarah A Lundquist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Michael Sledziona
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States; The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Jonathan Cheetham
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Cornell College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States.
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Zhou ZF, Zhang F, Wang JG, Chen QC, Yang WZ, He N, Jiang YY, Chen F, Liu JJ. Electrospinning of PELA/PPY Fibrous Conduits: Promoting Peripheral Nerve Regeneration in Rats by Self-Originated Electrical Stimulation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:1572-1581. [PMID: 33440592 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries represent a great challenge for surgeons. The conductive neural scaffold has experienced increasing interest because of its good biocompatibility and similar electrical properties as compared to those of a normal nerve. Herein, nerve conduits made from poly(d,l-lactide)-co-poly(ethylene glycol) and polypyrrole (20%, 30%, and 50%) (PELA-PPY) were prepared by electrospinning, and used in regeneration of peripheral nerve defects. The results of an in vitro experiment indicated a high biocompatibility for the as-prepared materials, supporting the attachment and proliferation of a rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cell. Furthermore, the PELA-PPY nerve conduit implanted in the sciatic nerve defects (10 mm) of the Spraguee-Dawley rats for 12 weeks showed similar results with the autograft, while it demonstrated a better outcome than the PELA nerve conduit in electrophysiological examination, sciatic function index, total amount of regenerated myelinated nerve fibers, axon diameter, myelin thickness, and several immunohistochemistry indices (S-100, laminin, neurofilament, bromodeoxyuridine, and glial fibrillary acidic portein). We supposed that the bioactivity is mainly generated by the PPY in composite nanofibers which could transmit self-originated electrical stimulation between cells. Due to the facile preparation and excellent in vivo performance, the PPY-PELA nerve conduit is promising for use as a bioengineered biomaterial for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Fei Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Jian-Guang Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Quan-Chi Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Wei-Zhi Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ying-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jian Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
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35
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Advances in peripheral nervous system regenerative therapeutic strategies: A biomaterials approach. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 65:425-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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36
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Oprych KM, Whitby RLD, Mikhalovsky SV, Tomlins P, Adu J. Repairing Peripheral Nerves: Is there a Role for Carbon Nanotubes? Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:1253-71. [PMID: 27027923 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury continues to be a major global health problem that can result in debilitating neurological deficits and neuropathic pain. Current state-of-the-art treatment involves reforming the damaged nerve pathway using a nerve autograft. Engineered nerve repair conduits can provide an alternative to the nerve autograft avoiding the inevitable tissue damage caused at the graft donor site. Commercially available nerve repair conduits are currently only considered suitable for repairing small nerve lesions; the design and performance of engineered conduits requires significant improvements to enable their use for repairing larger nerve defects. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an emerging novel material for biomedical applications currently being developed for a range of therapeutic technologies including scaffolds for engineering and interfacing with neurological tissues. CNTs possess a unique set of physicochemical properties that could be useful within nerve repair conduits. This progress report aims to evaluate and consolidate the current literature pertinent to CNTs as a biomaterial for supporting peripheral nerve regeneration. The report is presented in the context of the state-of-the-art in nerve repair conduit design; outlining how CNTs may enhance the performance of next generation peripheral nerve repair conduits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M. Oprych
- Department of Brain, Repair and Rehabilitation; Institute of Neurology; University College London; Queen Square London WC1N 3BG UK
| | | | - Sergey V. Mikhalovsky
- School of Engineering; Nazarbayev University; Astana 010000 Kazakhstan
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences; University of Brighton; Brighton BN2 4GJ UK
| | | | - Jimi Adu
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science; University of Brighton; Brighton BN2 4GJ UK
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Growth Hormone Therapy Accelerates Axonal Regeneration, Promotes Motor Reinnervation, and Reduces Muscle Atrophy following Peripheral Nerve Injury. Plast Reconstr Surg 2016; 137:1771-1780. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000002188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Tuffaha SH, Singh P, Budihardjo JD, Means KR, Higgins JP, Shores JT, Salvatori R, Höke A, Lee WPA, Brandacher G. Therapeutic augmentation of the growth hormone axis to improve outcomes following peripheral nerve injury. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1259-65. [PMID: 27192539 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1188079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral nerve injuries often result in debilitating motor and sensory deficits. There are currently no therapeutic agents that are clinically available to enhance the regenerative process. Following surgical repair, axons often must regenerate long distances to reach and reinnervate distal targets. Progressive atrophy of denervated muscle and Schwann cells (SCs) prior to reinnervation contributes to poor outcomes. Growth hormone (GH)-based therapies have the potential to accelerate axonal regeneration while at the same time limiting atrophy of muscle and the distal regenerative pathway prior to reinnervation. AREAS COVERED In this review, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which GH-based therapies act on the multiple tissue types involved in peripheral nerve regeneration to ultimately enhance outcomes, and review the pertinent mechanistic and translational studies that have been performed. We also address potential secondary benefits of GH-based therapies pertaining to improved bone, tendon and wound healing in the setting of peripheral nerve injury. EXPERT OPINION GH-based therapies carry great promise for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries, given the multi-modal mechanism of action not seen with other experimental therapies. A number of FDA-approved drugs that augment the GH axis are currently available, which may facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami H Tuffaha
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Prateush Singh
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Joshua D Budihardjo
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | | | | | - Jaimie T Shores
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Roberto Salvatori
- c Department of Medicine , Division of Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Ahmet Höke
- d Department of Neurology , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - W P Andrew Lee
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Gerald Brandacher
- a Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Rosch JC, Hollmann EK, Lippmann ES. In vitro selection technologies to enhance biomaterial functionality. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:962-71. [PMID: 27188514 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216647182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells make decisions and fate choices based in part on cues they receive from their external environment. Factors that affect the interpretation of these cues include the soluble proteins that are present at any given time, the cell surface receptors that are available to bind these proteins, and the relative affinities of the soluble proteins for their cognate receptors. Researchers have identified many of the biological motifs responsible for the high-affinity interactions between proteins and their receptors, and subsequently incorporated these motifs into biomaterials to elicit control over cell behavior. Common modes of control include localized sequestration of proteins to improve bioavailability and direct inhibition or activation of a receptor by an immobilized peptide or protein. However, naturally occurring biological motifs often possess promiscuous affinity for multiple proteins and receptors or lack programmable actuation in response to dynamic stimuli, thereby limiting the amount of control they can exert over cellular decisions. These natural motifs only represent a small fraction of the biological diversity that can be assayed by in vitro selection strategies, and the discovery of "artificial" motifs with varying affinity, specificity, and functionality could greatly expand the repertoire of engineered biomaterial properties. This minireview provides a brief summary of classical and emerging techniques in peptide phage display and nucleic acid aptamer selections and discusses prospective applications in the areas of cell adhesion, angiogenesis, neural regeneration, and immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah C Rosch
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Emma K Hollmann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Ethan S Lippmann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
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Gordon T. Electrical Stimulation to Enhance Axon Regeneration After Peripheral Nerve Injuries in Animal Models and Humans. Neurotherapeutics 2016; 13:295-310. [PMID: 26754579 PMCID: PMC4824030 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-015-0415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Injured peripheral nerves regenerate their lost axons but functional recovery in humans is frequently disappointing. This is so particularly when injuries require regeneration over long distances and/or over long time periods. Fat replacement of chronically denervated muscles, a commonly accepted explanation, does not account for poor functional recovery. Rather, the basis for the poor nerve regeneration is the transient expression of growth-associated genes that accounts for declining regenerative capacity of neurons and the regenerative support of Schwann cells over time. Brief low-frequency electrical stimulation accelerates motor and sensory axon outgrowth across injury sites that, even after delayed surgical repair of injured nerves in animal models and patients, enhances nerve regeneration and target reinnervation. The stimulation elevates neuronal cyclic adenosine monophosphate and, in turn, the expression of neurotrophic factors and other growth-associated genes, including cytoskeletal proteins. Electrical stimulation of denervated muscles immediately after nerve transection and surgical repair also accelerates muscle reinnervation but, at this time, how the daily requirement of long-duration electrical pulses can be delivered to muscles remains a practical issue prior to translation to patients. Finally, the technique of inserting autologous nerve grafts that bridge between a donor nerve and an adjacent recipient denervated nerve stump significantly improves nerve regeneration after delayed nerve repair, the donor nerves sustaining the capacity of the denervated Schwann cells to support nerve regeneration. These reviewed methods to promote nerve regeneration and, in turn, to enhance functional recovery after nerve injury and surgical repair are sufficiently promising for early translation to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Gordon
- Department of Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.
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41
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Liu Y, Chen J, Liu W, Lu X, Liu Z, Zhao X, Li G, Chen Z. A Modified Approach to Inducing Bone Marrow Stromal Cells to Differentiate into Cells with Mature Schwann Cell Phenotypes. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 25:347-59. [PMID: 26670188 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2015.0295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) can be induced to differentiate into Schwann-like cells under classical induction conditions. However, cells derived from this method are unstable, exhibiting a low neurotrophin expression level after the induction conditions are removed. In Schwann cell (SC) culture, progesterone (PROG) enhances neurotrophic synthesis and myelination, specifically regulating the expression of the myelin protein zero (P0)- and peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22)-encoding genes by acting in concert or in synergy with insulin and glucocorticoids (GLUCs). In the present study, we investigated whether combined PROG, GLUC, and insulin therapy induced MSCs to differentiate into modified SC-like cells with phenotypes similar to those of mature SCs. After being cultured for 2 weeks in modified differentiation medium, the modified SC-like cells showed increased expression of P0 and PMP22. In addition, morphological and phenotypic characterizations were conducted over a period of over 2 weeks, and functional characteristics persisted for more than 3 weeks after the induction reagents were withdrawn. The transplantation of green fluorescent protein-labeled, modified SC-like cells into transected sciatic nerves with a 10-mm gap significantly increased the proliferation of the original SCs and improved axon regeneration and myelination compared with original BM-SCs. Immunostaining for P0 revealed that more of the transplanted modified SC-like cells retained the phenotypic characteristics of SCs. Taken together, these results reveal that the combined application of PROG, GLUC, and insulin induces MSCs to differentiate into cells with phenotypic, molecular, and functional properties of mature SCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Liu
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Jianghai Chen
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- 2 Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaocheng Lu
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Gongchi Li
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- 1 Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan, China
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Agenor A, Dvoracek L, Leu A, Hunter DA, Newton P, Yan Y, Johnson PJ, Mackinnon SE, Moore AM, Wood MD. Hyaluronic acid/carboxymethyl cellulose directly applied to transected nerve decreases axonal outgrowth. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2015; 105:568-574. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aouod Agenor
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Lucas Dvoracek
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Ann Leu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Daniel A. Hunter
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Piyaraj Newton
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Ying Yan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Philip J. Johnson
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Susan E. Mackinnon
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Amy M. Moore
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
| | - Matthew D. Wood
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery; Washington University School of Medicine; St. Louis Missouri 63110
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43
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Xie H, Yang W, Chen J, Zhang J, Lu X, Zhao X, Huang K, Li H, Chang P, Wang Z, Wang L. A silk sericin/silicone nerve guidance conduit promotes regeneration of a transected sciatic nerve. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:2195-205. [PMID: 26332703 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve gap defects lead to significant loss of sensory or motor function. Tissue engineering has become an important alternative to nerve repair. Sericin, a major component of silk, is a natural protein whose value in tissue engineering has just begun to be explored. Here, the first time use of sericin in vivo is reported as a long-term implant for peripheral nerve regeneration. A sericin nerve guidance conduit is designed and fabricated. This conduit is highly porous with mechanical strength matching peripheral nerve tissue. It supports Schwann cell proliferation and is capable of up-regulating the transcription of glial cell derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor in Schwann cells. The sericin conduit wrapped with a silicone conduit (sericin/silicone double conduits) is used for bridging repair of a 5 mm gap in a rat sciatic nerve transection model. The sericin/silicone double conduits achieve functional recovery comparable to that of autologous nerve grafting as evidenced by drastically improved nerve function and morphology. Importantly, this improvement is mainly attributed to the sericin conduit as the silicone conduit alone only produces marginal functional recovery. This sericin/silicone-double-conduit strategy offers an efficient and valuable alternative to autologous nerve grafting for repairing damaged peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjian Xie
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Wen Yang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Jianghai Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Jinxiang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Xiaochen Lu
- Department of Hand Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Cardiology; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Huili Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Panpan Chang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
| | - Lin Wang
- Center for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Union Hospital; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan Hubei 430022 China
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Sánchez M, Anitua E, Delgado D, Prado R, Sánchez P, Fiz N, Guadilla J, Azofra J, Pompei O, Orive G, Ortega M, Yoshioka T, Padilla S. Ultrasound-guided plasma rich in growth factors injections and scaffolds hasten motor nerve functional recovery in an ovine model of nerve crush injury. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2015; 11:1619-1629. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Sánchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - E. Anitua
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research; Vitoria-Gasteiz; Spain
| | - D. Delgado
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - R. Prado
- Biotechnology Institute (BTI); Vitoria-Gasteiz; Spain
| | - P. Sánchez
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit Research; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - N. Fiz
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - J. Guadilla
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - J. Azofra
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - O. Pompei
- Arthroscopic Surgery Unit; Hospital Vithas San Jose; Vitoria-Gasteiz Spain
| | - G. Orive
- Eduardo Anitua Foundation for Biomedical Research; Vitoria-Gasteiz; Spain
| | - M. Ortega
- Clinical Neurophysiology Unit; Galdakao-Usánsolo Hospital; Bilbao Spain
| | - T. Yoshioka
- Division of Regenerative Medicine for Musculoskeletal System, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Tsukuba; Japan
| | - S. Padilla
- Biotechnology Institute (BTI); Vitoria-Gasteiz; Spain
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45
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Roam JL, Yan Y, Nguyen PK, Kinstlinger IS, Leuchter MK, Hunter DA, Wood MD, Elbert DL. A modular, plasmin-sensitive, clickable poly(ethylene glycol)-heparin-laminin microsphere system for establishing growth factor gradients in nerve guidance conduits. Biomaterials 2015; 72:112-24. [PMID: 26352518 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve regeneration is a complex problem that, despite many advancements and innovations, still has sub-optimal outcomes. Compared to biologically derived acellular nerve grafts and autografts, completely synthetic nerve guidance conduits (NGC), which allow for precise engineering of their properties, are promising but still far from optimal. We have developed an almost entirely synthetic NGC that allows control of soluble growth factor delivery kinetics, cell-initiated degradability and cell attachment. We have focused on the spatial patterning of glial-cell derived human neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which promotes motor axon extension. The base scaffolds consisted of heparin-containing poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) microspheres. The modular microsphere format greatly simplifies the formation of concentration gradients of reversibly bound GDNF. To facilitate axon extension, we engineered the microspheres with tunable plasmin degradability. 'Click' cross-linking chemistries were also added to allow scaffold formation without risk of covalently coupling the growth factor to the scaffold. Cell adhesion was promoted by covalently bound laminin. GDNF that was released from these microspheres was confirmed to retain its activity. Graded scaffolds were formed inside silicone conduits using 3D-printed holders. The fully formed NGC's contained plasmin-degradable PEG/heparin scaffolds that developed linear gradients in reversibly bound GDNF. The NGC's were implanted into rats with severed sciatic nerves to confirm in vivo degradability and lack of a major foreign body response. The NGC's also promoted robust axonal regeneration into the conduit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Roam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ying Yan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8238, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Peter K Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ian S Kinstlinger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael K Leuchter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel A Hunter
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8238, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew D Wood
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8238, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Donald L Elbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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46
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Ahmad E, Fatima MT, Hoque M, Owais M, Saleemuddin M. Fibrin matrices: The versatile therapeutic delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:121-36. [PMID: 26231328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin sealants, that have been employed for over a century by surgeons to stop post surgery bleeding, are finding novel applications in the controlled delivery of antibiotics and several other therapeutics. Fibrinogen can be easily purified from blood plasma and converted by thrombolysis to fibrin that undergoes spontaneous aggregation to form insoluble clot. During the gelling, fibrin can be formulated into films, clots, threads, microbeads, nanoconstructs and nanoparticles. Whole plasma clots in the form of beads and microparticles can also be prepared by activating endogenous thrombin, for possible drug delivery. Fibrin formulations offer remarkable scope for controlling the porosity as well as in vivo degradability and hence the release of the associated therapeutics. Binding/covalent-linking of therapeutics to the fibrin matrix, crosslinking of the matrix with bifunctional reagents and coentrapment of protease inhibitors have been successful in regulating both in vitro and in vivo release of the therapeutics. The release rates can also be remarkably lowered by preentrapment of therapeutics in insoluble particles like liposomes or by anchoring them to the matrix via molecules that bind them as well as fibrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejaj Ahmad
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | | | - Mehboob Hoque
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Owais
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammed Saleemuddin
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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47
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Kappos EA, Engels PE, Tremp M, Meyer zu Schwabedissen M, di Summa P, Fischmann A, von Felten S, Scherberich A, Schaefer DJ, Kalbermatten DF. Peripheral Nerve Repair: Multimodal Comparison of the Long-Term Regenerative Potential of Adipose Tissue-Derived Cells in a Biodegradable Conduit. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:2127-41. [PMID: 26134465 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a popular topic in peripheral nerve repair. Combining a nerve conduit with supporting adipose-derived cells could offer an opportunity to prevent time-consuming Schwann cell culture or the use of an autograft with its donor site morbidity and eventually improve clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to provide a broad overview over promising transplantable cells under equal experimental conditions over a long-term period. A 10-mm gap in the sciatic nerve of female Sprague-Dawley rats (7 groups of 7 animals, 8 weeks old) was bridged through a biodegradable fibrin conduit filled with rat adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs), differentiated rASCs (drASCs), human (h)ASCs from the superficial and deep abdominal layer, human stromal vascular fraction (SVF), or rat Schwann cells, respectively. As a control, we resutured a nerve segment as an autograft. Long-term evaluation was carried out after 12 weeks comprising walking track, morphometric, and MRI analyses. The sciatic functional index was calculated. Cross sections of the nerve, proximal, distal, and in between the two sutures, were analyzed for re-/myelination and axon count. Gastrocnemius muscle weights were compared. MRI proved biodegradation of the conduit. Differentiated rat ASCs performed significantly better than undifferentiated rASCs with less muscle atrophy and superior functional results. Superficial hASCs supported regeneration better than deep hASCs, in line with published in vitro data. The best regeneration potential was achieved by the drASC group when compared with other adipose tissue-derived cells. Considering the ease of procedure from harvesting to transplanting, we conclude that comparison of promising cells for nerve regeneration revealed that particularly differentiated ASCs could be a clinically translatable route toward new methods to enhance peripheral nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Kappos
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patricia E Engels
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathias Tremp
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Meyer zu Schwabedissen
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Pietro di Summa
- 3 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arne Fischmann
- 4 Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Arnaud Scherberich
- 6 Institute for Surgical Research and Hospital Management, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dirk J Schaefer
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel F Kalbermatten
- 1 Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland .,2 Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Basel , Basel, Switzerland
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48
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Moloney TC, Ní Fhlathartaigh M, Kulkarni M, Pandit A, Dowd E. Fibrin As a Scaffold for Delivery of GDNF Overexpressing Stem Cells to the Adult Rat Brain. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:559-566. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa C. Moloney
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and ‡Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mary Ní Fhlathartaigh
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and ‡Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Mangesh Kulkarni
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and ‡Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Abhay Pandit
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and ‡Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Eilís Dowd
- Departments of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and ‡Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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49
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Kuffler DP. Platelet-Rich Plasma Promotes Axon Regeneration, Wound Healing, and Pain Reduction: Fact or Fiction. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 52:990-1014. [PMID: 26048672 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9251-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been tested in vitro, in animal models, and clinically for its efficacy in enhancing the rate of wound healing, reducing pain associated with injuries, and promoting axon regeneration. Although extensive data indicate that PRP-released factors induce these effects, the claims are often weakened because many studies were not rigorous or controlled, the data were limited, and other studies yielded contrary results. Critical to assessing whether PRP is effective are the large number of variables in these studies, including the method of PRP preparation, which influences the composition of PRP; type of application; type of wounds; target tissues; and diverse animal models and clinical studies. All these variables raise the question of whether one can anticipate consistent influences and raise the possibility that most of the results are correct under the circumstances where PRP was tested. This review examines evidence on the potential influences of PRP and whether PRP-released factors could induce the reported influences and concludes that the preponderance of evidence suggests that PRP has the capacity to induce all the claimed influences, although this position cannot be definitively argued. Well-defined and rigorously controlled studies of the potential influences of PRP are required in which PRP is isolated and applied using consistent techniques, protocols, and models. Finally, it is concluded that, because of the purported benefits of PRP administration and the lack of adverse events, further animal and clinical studies should be performed to explore the potential influences of PRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien P Kuffler
- Institute of Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, 201 Blvd. Del Valle, San Juan, 00901, Puerto Rico,
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50
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Jha AK, Tharp KM, Ye J, Santiago-Ortiz JL, Jackson WM, Stahl A, Schaffer DV, Yeghiazarians Y, Healy KE. Enhanced survival and engraftment of transplanted stem cells using growth factor sequestering hydrogels. Biomaterials 2015; 47:1-12. [PMID: 25682155 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We have generated a bioinspired tunable system of hyaluronic acid (HyA)-based hydrogels for Matrix-Assisted Cell Transplantation (MACT). With this material, we have independently evaluated matrix parameters such as adhesion peptide density, mechanical properties, and growth factor sequestering capacity, to engineer an environment that imbues donor cells with a milieu that promotes survival and engraftment with host tissues after transplantation. Using a versatile population of Sca-1(+)/CD45(-) cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), we demonstrated that the addition of heparin in the HyA hydrogels was necessary to coordinate the presentation of TGFβ1 and to support the trophic functions of the CPCs via endothelial cell differentiation and vascular like tubular network formation. Presentation of exogenous TGFβ1 by binding with heparin improved differentiated CPC function by sequestering additional endogenously-produced angiogenic factors. Finally, we demonstrated that TGFβ1 and heparin-containing HyA hydrogels can promote CPC survival when implanted subcutaneously into murine hind-limbs and encouraged their participation in the ensuing neovascular response, which included blood vessels that had anastomosed with the host's blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Jha
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kevin M Tharp
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jianqin Ye
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jorge L Santiago-Ortiz
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Wesley M Jackson
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yerem Yeghiazarians
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kevin E Healy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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