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He X, Li Y, Zou D, Zu H, Li W, Zheng Y. An overview of magnesium-based implants in orthopaedics and a prospect of its application in spine fusion. Bioact Mater 2024; 39:456-478. [PMID: 38873086 PMCID: PMC11170442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to matching biomechanical properties and significant biological activity, Mg-based implants present great potential in orthopedic applications. In recent years, the biocompatibility and therapeutic effect of magnesium-based implants have been widely investigated in trauma repair. In contrast, the R&D work of Mg-based implants in spinal fusion is still limited. This review firstly introduced the general background for Mg-based implants. Secondly, the mechanical properties and degradation behaviors of Mg and its traditional and novel alloys were reviewed. Then, different surface modification techniques of Mg-based implants were described. Thirdly, this review comprehensively summarized the biological pathways of Mg degradation to promote bone formation in neuro-musculoskeletal circuit, angiogenesis with H-type vessel formation, osteogenesis with osteoblasts activation and chondrocyte ossification as an integrated system. Fourthly, this review followed the translation process of Mg-based implants via updating the preclinical studies in fracture fixation, sports trauma repair and reconstruction, and bone distraction for large bone defect. Furthermore, the pilot clinical studies were involved to demonstrate the reliable clinical safety and satisfactory bioactive effects of Mg-based implants in bone formation. Finally, this review introduced the background of spine fusion surgeryand the challenges of biological matching cage development. At last, this review prospected the translation potential of a hybrid Mg-PEEK spine fusion cage design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, PR China
| | - Da Zou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haiyue Zu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suchow University, PR China
| | - Weishi Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, No.49 North Huayuan Road, Haidian, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Comprehensive Scientific Research Building, Beijing, PR China
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Willbold E, Kalla K, Janning C, Bartsch I, Bobe K, Brauneis M, Haupt M, Reebmann M, Schwarze M, Remennik S, Shechtman D, Nellesen J, Tillmann W, Witte F. Dissolving magnesium hydroxide implants enhance mainly cancellous bone formation whereas degrading RS66 implants lead to prominent periosteal bone formation in rabbits. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00407-0. [PMID: 39053818 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Bone fractures often require internal fixation using plates or screws. Normally, these devices are made of permanent metals like titanium providing necessary strength and biocompatibility. However, they can also cause long-term complications and may require removal. An interesting alternative are biocompatible degradable devices, which provide sufficient initial strength and then degrade gradually. Among other materials, biodegradable magnesium alloys have been developed for craniofacial and orthopaedic applications. Previously, we tested implants made of magnesium hydroxide and RS66, a strong and ductile ZK60-based alloy, with respect to biocompatibility and degradation behaviour. Here, we compare the effects of dissolving magnesium hydroxide and RS66 cylinders on bone regeneration and bone growth in rabbit condyles using microtomographical and histological analysis. Both magnesium hydroxide and RS66 induced a considerable osteoblastic activity leading to distinct but different spatio-temporal patterns of cancellous and periosteal bone growth. Dissolving RS66 implants induced a prominent periosteal bone formation on the medial surface of the original condyle whereas dissolving magnesium hydroxide implants enhance mainly cancellous bone formation. Especially periosteal bone formation was completed after 6 and 8 weeks, respectively. The observed bone promoting functions are in line with previous reports of magnesium stimulating cancellous and periosteal bone growth and possible underlying signalling mechanisms are discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biodegradable magnesium based implants are promising candidates for use in orthopedic and traumatic surgery. Although these implants are in the scientific focus for a long time, comparatively little is known about the interactions between degrading magnesium and the biological environment. In this work, we investigated the effects of two degrading cylindrical magnesium implants (MgOH2 and RS66) both on bone regeneration and on bone growth. Both MgOH2 and RS66 induce remarkable osteoblastic activities, however with different spatio-temporal patterns regarding cancellous and periosteal bone growth. We hypothesize that degradation products do not diffuse directionless away, but are transported by the restored blood flow in specific spatial patterns which is also dependent on the used surgical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmar Willbold
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Katharina Kalla
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Carla Janning
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ivonne Bartsch
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Katharina Bobe
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maria Brauneis
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Maike Haupt
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Mattias Reebmann
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Schwarze
- Laboratory for Biomechanics and Biomaterials, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Anna-von-Borries-Straße 1-7, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergei Remennik
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Dan Shechtman
- Department of Materials Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Jens Nellesen
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund, Leonhard-Euler-Straße 2, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tillmann
- Institute of Materials Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund, Leonhard-Euler-Straße 2, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Frank Witte
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Aßmannshauser Straße 4-6, 14197, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Qiu T, Yang R, Chen L, Liu G, Han J, Guo C. Duplex Fluorinated and Atomic Layer Deposition-Derived ZrO 2 Coatings Improve the Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Mg-2Zn-0.46Y-0.5Nd (wt.%) Alloy Plates and Screws. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3485. [PMID: 39063780 PMCID: PMC11278270 DOI: 10.3390/ma17143485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of Mg-2Zn-0.46Y-0.5Nd (wt.%) alloy plates and screws with fluorinated coatings and atomic layer deposition (ALD)-derived zirconia (ZrO2) coatings in vitro under physiological stress conditions. Synthetic polyurethane hemimandible replicas were split and fixed as the following three groups of magnesium alloy plates and screws: no additional surface coating treatment (Group A), with fluorinated coatings (Group B), and with duplex fluorinated and ALD-derived 100 nm ZrO2 coatings (Group C). A circulating stress of 1-10 N was applied to the distal bone segment, and a 4-week simulated body fluid immersion test was employed to study the remaining material volume and the mechanical properties of the different groups. Compared with Group A and Group B, the degradation rate of magnesium alloy plates and screws' head regions was significantly slowed down under the protection of duplex MgF2/ZrO2 coatings (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the degradation rate of the screw shaft region between groups (p = 0.077). In contrast to fluoride coatings, duplex MgF2/ZrO2 coatings maintained the mechanical strength of magnesium alloy plates and screws after a 14 day in vitro SBF immersion test. We conclude that duplex MgF2/ZrO2 coatings exhibited a certain protective effect on the Mg alloy plates and screws under physiological stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng Qiu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (T.Q.); (L.C.)
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of General Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Liangwei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (T.Q.); (L.C.)
| | - Guanqi Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Jianmin Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Chuanbin Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China; (T.Q.); (L.C.)
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Herzog P, Rendenbach C, Turostowski M, Ellinghaus A, Prates Soares A, Heiland M, Duda GN, Schmidt-Bleek K, Fischer H. Titanium versus plasma electrolytic oxidation surface-modified magnesium miniplates in a forehead secondary fracture healing model in sheep. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00376-3. [PMID: 39002920 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium as a biodegradable material offers promising results in recent studies of different maxillo-facial fracture models. To overcome adverse effects caused by the fast corrosion of pure magnesium in fluid surroundings, various alloys, and surface modifications are tested in animal models. In specified cases, magnesium screws already appeared for clinical use in maxillofacial surgery. The present study aims to compare the bone healing outcome in a non-load-bearing fracture scenario of the forehead in sheep when fixed with standard-sized WE43 magnesium fixation plates and screws with plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification in contrast to titanium osteosynthesis. Surgery was performed on 24 merino mix sheep. The plates and screws were explanted en-bloc with the surrounding tissue after four and twelve weeks. The outcome of bone healing was investigated with micro-computed tomography, histological, immunohistological, and fluorescence analysis. There was no significant difference between groups concerning the bone volume, bone volume/ total volume, and newly formed bone in volumetric and histological analysis at both times of investigation. The fluorescence analysis revealed a significantly lower signal in the magnesium group after one week, although there was no difference in the number of osteoclasts per mm2. The magnesium group had significantly fewer vessels per mm2 in the healing tissue. In conclusion, the non-inferiority of WE43-based magnesium implants with PEO surface modification was verified concerning fracture healing under non-load-bearing conditions in a defect model. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Titanium implants, the current gold standard of fracture fixation, can lead to adverse effects linked to the implant material and often require surgical removal. Therefore, degradable metals like the magnesium alloy WE43 with plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) surface modification gained interest. Yet, miniplates of this alloy with PEO surface modification have not been examined in a fracture defect model of the facial skeleton in a large animal model. This study shows, for the first time, the non-inferiority of magnesium miniplates compared to titanium miniplates. In radiological and histological analysis, bone healing was undisturbed. Magnesium miniplates can reduce the number of interventions for implant removal, thus reducing the risk for the patient and minimizing the costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Herzog
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marta Turostowski
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Agnes Ellinghaus
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ana Prates Soares
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Julius Wolff Institute, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heilwig Fischer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité -Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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5
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Nasiri-Tabrizi B, Basirun WJ, Walvekar R, Yeong CH, Phang SW. Exploring the potential of intermetallic alloys as implantable biomaterials: A comprehensive review. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 161:213854. [PMID: 38703541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
This review delves into the utilization of intermetallic alloys (IMAs) as advanced biomaterials for medical implants, scrutinizing their conceptual framework, fabrication challenges, and diverse manufacturing techniques such as casting, powder metallurgy, and additive manufacturing. Manufacturing techniques such as casting, powder metallurgy, additive manufacturing, and injection molding are discussed, with specific emphasis on achieving optimal grain sizes, surface roughness, and mechanical properties. Post-treatment methods aimed at refining surface quality, dimensional precision, and mechanical properties of IMAs are explored, including the use of heat treatments to enhance biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. The review presents an in-depth examination of IMAs-based implantable biomaterials, covering lab-scale developments and commercial-scale implants. Specific IMAs such as Nickel Titanium, Titanium Aluminides, Iron Aluminides, Magnesium-based IMAs, Zirconium-based IMAs, and High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are highlighted, with detailed discussions on their mechanical properties, including strength, elastic modulus, and corrosion resistance. Future directions are outlined, with an emphasis on the anticipated growth in the orthopedic devices market and the role of IMAs in meeting this demand. The potential of porous IMAs in orthopedics is explored, with emphasis on achieving optimal pore sizes and distributions for enhanced osseointegration. The review concludes by highlighting the ongoing need for research and development efforts in IMAs technologies, including advancements in design and fabrication techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahman Nasiri-Tabrizi
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wan Jefrey Basirun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Rashmi Walvekar
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia; Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh 174103, India
| | - Chai Hong Yeong
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 47500 Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Siew Wei Phang
- Faculty of Innovation and Technology, School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Programme, No.1 Jalan Taylor's, Taylor's University Malaysia, 47500 Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
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Watanabe H, Xu W, Uno H, Uraya Y, Kugita M, Komohara Y, Niidome T, Sasaki M, Shimizu I, Fujita N, Kawano Y. Fluoride-treated rare earth-free magnesium alloy ZK30: An inert and bioresorbable material for bone fracture treatment devices. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:963-972. [PMID: 38235956 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Bone fractures represent a common health problem, particularly in an increasingly aging population. Bioresorbable magnesium (Mg) alloy-based implants offer promising alternatives to traditional metallic implants for the treatment of bone fractures because they eliminate the need for implant removal after healing. The Mg-Y-rare-earth (RE)-Zr alloy WE43, designed for orthopedic implants, has received European Conformity mark approval. However, currently, WE43 is not clinically used in certain countries possibly because of concerns related to RE metals. In this study, we investigated the use of a RE-free alloy, namely, Mg-Zn-Zr alloy (ZK30), as an implant for bone fractures. Hydrofluoric acid (HF) treatment was performed to improve the corrosion resistance of ZK30. HF-treated ZK30 (HF-ZK30) exhibited lower corrosion rate and higher biocompatibility than those of WE43 in in vitro experiments. After implanting a rod of HF-ZK30 into the fractured femoral bones of mice, HF-ZK30 held the bones and healed the fracture without deformation. Treatment results of HF-ZK30 were comparable to those of WE43, indicating the potential of HF-ZK30 as a bioresorbable and safe implant for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wei Xu
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Haruka Uno
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Uraya
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Kugita
- Advanced Medical Research Center for Animal Models of Human Diseases, Research Promotion Headquarters, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuro Niidome
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Sasaki
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ichiro Shimizu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fujita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawano
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Zheng L, Zhang R, Chen X, Luo Y, Du W, Zhu Y, Ruan YC, Xu J, Wang J, Qin L. Chronic kidney disease: a contraindication for using biodegradable magnesium or its alloys as potential orthopedic implants? Biomed Mater 2024; 19:045023. [PMID: 38815612 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad5241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg) has gained widespread recognition as a potential revolutionary orthopedic biomaterial. However, whether the biodegradation of the Mg-based orthopedic implants would pose a risk to patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains undetermined as the kidney is a key organ regulating mineral homeostasis. A rat CKD model was established by a 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy approach, followed by intramedullary implantation of three types of pins: stainless steel, high pure Mg with high corrosion resistance, and the Mg-Sr-Zn alloy with a fast degradation rate. The long-term biosafety of the biodegradable Mg or its alloys as orthopedic implants were systematically evaluated. During an experimental period of 12 weeks, the implantation did not result in a substantial rise of Mg ion concentration in serum or major organs such as hearts, livers, spleens, lungs, or kidneys. No pathological changes were observed in organs using various histological techniques. No significantly increased iNOS-positive cells or apoptotic cells in these organs were identified. The biodegradable Mg or its alloys as orthopedic implants did not pose an extra health risk to CKD rats at long-term follow-up, suggesting that these biodegradable orthopedic devices might be suitable for most target populations, including patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Zheng
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Ri Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Luo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanting Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Chun Ruan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankun Xu
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Qin
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory of Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology and Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
- Hong Kong-Shenzhen Innovation and Technology Institute (Futian), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China, People's Republic of China
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8
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Zhao Z, Yu W, Yang W, Zhang G, Huang C, Han J, Narain R, Zeng H. Dual-Protection Inorganic-Protein Coating on Mg-Based Biomaterials through Tooth-Enamel-Inspired Biomineralization. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313211. [PMID: 38339916 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Biocompatible magnesium alloys represent revolutionary implantable materials in dentistry and orthopedics but face challenges due to rapid biocorrosion, necessitating protective coatings to mitigate dysfunction. Directly integrating durable protective coatings onto Mg surfaces is challenging because of intrinsic low coating compactness. Herein, inspired by tooth enamel, a novel highly compact dual-protection inorganic-protein (inorganicPro) coating is in situ constructed on Mg surfaces through bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein-boosted reaction between sodium fluoride (NaF) and Mg substrates. The association of Mg ions and BSA establishes a local hydrophobic domain that lowers the formation enthalpy of NaMgF3 nanoparticles. This process generates finer nanoparticles that function as "bricks," facilitating denser packing, consequently reducing voidage inside coatings by over 50% and reinforcing mechanical durability. Moreover, the incorporation of BSA in and on the coatings plays two synergistic roles: 1) acting as "mortar" to seal residual cracks within coatings, thereby promoting coating compactness and tripling anticorrosion performance, and 2) mitigating fouling-accelerated biocorrosion in complex biosystems via tenfold resistance against biofoulant attachments, including biofluids, proteins, and metabolites. This innovative strategy, leveraging proteins to alter inorganic reactions, benefits the future coating design for Mg-based and other metallic materials with tailored anticorrosion and antifouling performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqian Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Wenting Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wenshuai Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Guohao Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Charley Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Jianmin Han
- Department of Dental Materials, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ravin Narain
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Hongbo Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 1H9, Canada
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9
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Yang H, Zhang F, Xu H, Wang J, Li H, Li L, Shao M, Wang H, Pei J, Niu J, Yuan G, Lyu F. Anatomical Brushite-Coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr Alloy Cage Promotes Cervical Fusion: One-Year Results in Goats. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1753-1764. [PMID: 38351646 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, an anatomical brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage was fabricated for cervical fusion in goats. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cervical fusion effect and degradation characteristics of this cage in goats. The Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage was fabricated based on anatomical studies, and brushite coating was prepared. Forty-five goats were divided into three groups, 15 in each group, and subjected to C2/3 anterior cervical decompression and fusion with tricortical bone graft, Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage, or brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage, respectively. Cervical radiographs and computed tomography (CT) were performed 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Blood was collected for biocompatibility analysis and Mg2+ concentration tests. The cervical spine specimens were obtained at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively for biomechanical, micro-CT, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and histological analysis. The liver and kidney tissues were obtained for hematoxylin and eosin staining 12 months after surgery for biosafety analysis. Imaging and histological analysis showed a gradual improvement in interbody fusion over time; the fusion effect of the brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage was comparable to that of the tricortical bone graft, and both were superior to that of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage. Biomechanical testing showed that the brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage achieved better stability than the tricortical bone graft at 12 months postoperatively. Micro-CT showed that the brushite coating significantly decreases the corrosion rate of the Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage. In vivo degradation analysis showed higher Ca and P deposition in the degradation products of the brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage, and no hyperconcentration of Mg was detected. Biocompatibility analysis showed that both cages were safe for cervical fusion surgery in goats. To conclude, the anatomical brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy cage can promote cervical fusion in goats, and the brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy is a potential material for developing absorbable fusion cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Haocheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Linli Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Minghao Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jia Pei
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jialin Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guangyin Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feizhou Lyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
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10
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Ruf P, Orassi V, Fischer H, Steffen C, Kreutzer K, Duda GN, Heiland M, Checa S, Rendenbach C. Biomechanical evaluation of CAD/CAM magnesium miniplates as a fixation strategy for the treatment of segmental mandibular reconstruction with a fibula free flap. Comput Biol Med 2024; 168:107817. [PMID: 38064852 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Titanium patient-specific (CAD/CAM) plates are frequently used in mandibular reconstruction. However, titanium is a very stiff, non-degradable material which also induces artifacts in the imaging. Although magnesium has been proposed as a potential material alternative, the biomechanical conditions in the reconstructed mandible under magnesium CAD/CAM plate fixation are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the primary fixation stability and potential of magnesium CAD/CAM miniplates. The biomechanical environment in a one segmental mandibular reconstruction with fibula free flap induced by a combination of a short posterior titanium CAD/CAM reconstruction plate and two anterior CAD/CAM miniplates of titanium and/or magnesium was evaluated, using computer modeling approaches. Output parameters were the strains in the healing regions and the stresses in the plates. Mechanical strains increased locally under magnesium fixation. Two plate-protective constellations for magnesium plates were identified: (1) pairing one magnesium miniplate with a parallel titanium miniplate and (2) pairing anterior magnesium miniplates with a posterior titanium reconstruction plate. Due to their degradability and reduced stiffness in comparison to titanium, magnesium plates could be beneficial for bone healing. Magnesium miniplates can be paired with titanium plates to ensure a non-occurrence of plate failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Ruf
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Orassi
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Heilwig Fischer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany; Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, Charitéplatz 1, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Claudius Steffen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Kilian Kreutzer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Max Heiland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
| | - Sara Checa
- Julius Wolff Institute, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany.
| | - Carsten Rendenbach
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, Berlin, 13353, Germany
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11
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Luo X, Li M, Cai H, Yang S, Hao L, Ebel T, Helmholz H, Huang B, Wang X. Degradation Adaptability Assessment of Semisolid Powder Molded Mg-Zn-Mn Alloys for Orthopedic Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:5515-5530. [PMID: 37982492 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Semisolid powder molding was used to prepare the medical Mg-6Zn alloy; in order to further improve its degradation adaptability, 0.5 and 1 wt % Mn were added. Then, the effect of the forming temperature (540, 560, 580, and 600 °C) on the in vitro degradation behavior of the prepared Mg-6Zn-xMn (x = 0.5, 1 wt %) was analyzed, and the optimized alloy was obtained. Finally, the biocompatibility and in vivo degradation performance of the optimized and Mn-free alloys were evaluated. Importantly, single-photon emission tomographic imaging (SPECT/CT) was first applied to monitor the in vivo degradation process. The results show that the corrosion mechanism of the Mn-free alloy is microgalvanic corrosion control with corrosive pitting. After adding Mn, the in vitro degradation rate decreases by half (0.17 ± 0.01 mm/year) as the forming temperature increases to 600 °C, and Mg-6Zn-1Mn prepared at 600 °C is the optimized alloy. Mn addition improves the corrosion product film protection and discontinuous secondary phases, and thus, the corrosion mechanism is changed to corrosive pitting control. Additionally, semisolid powder molding is an easy method to prepare alloys with low average pore interconnectivity (<10%), which is helpful for slowing down the degradation rate. The Mn-containing alloy has better biocompatibility, with a cytotoxicity of grade 0-1, due to its lower degradation rate. The in vivo corrosion rate of the Mn-free alloy is 0.19 mm/year after 28 days of implantation, which was precisely detected by SPECT/CT in real-time. The long-term in vivo degradation adaptability of Mn-free and Mn-containing alloys was not correctly presented, which may be due to the unreasonable bone defect model causing implant displacement. However, both of these alloys cause no obvious inflammation and show good healing. In summary, semisolid powder molding is a potentially promising technique to prepare medical Mg alloys, and nuclear imaging is an effective in vivo degradation evaluation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Luo
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Li
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Laboratary of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Laboratary of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Shanghui Yang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Lijing Hao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Thomas Ebel
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Heike Helmholz
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Bensheng Huang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
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12
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Saha S, Costa RC, Silva MC, Fonseca-Santos JM, Chen L, Phakatkar AH, Bhatia H, Faverani LP, Barão VA, Shokuhfar T, Sukotjo C, Takoudis C. Collagen membrane functionalized with magnesium oxide via room-temperature atomic layer deposition promotes osteopromotive and antimicrobial properties. Bioact Mater 2023; 30:46-61. [PMID: 37521273 PMCID: PMC10382637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial bone grafting materials such as collagen are gaining interest due to the ease of production and implantation. However, collagen must be supplemented with additional coating materials for improved osteointegration. Here, we report room-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of MgO, a novel method to coat collagen membranes with MgO. Characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electron beam dispersion mapping confirm the chemical nature of the film. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopies show the surface topography and morphology of the collagen fibers were not altered during the ALD of MgO. Slow release of magnesium ions promotes bone growth, and we show the deposited MgO film leaches trace amounts of Mg when incubated in phosphate-buffered saline at 37 °C. The coated collagen membrane had a superhydrophilic surface immediately after the deposition of MgO. The film was not toxic to human cells and demonstrated antibacterial properties against bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, in vivo studies performed on calvaria rats showed MgO-coated membranes (200 and 500 ALD) elicit a higher inflammatory response, leading to an increase in angiogenesis and a greater bone formation, mainly for Col-MgO500, compared to uncoated collagen. Based on the characterization of the MgO film and in vitro and in vivo data, the MgO-coated collagen membranes are excellent candidates for guided bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirela Caroline Silva
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Matheus Fonseca-Santos
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Periodontics, Center for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Abhijit H. Phakatkar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Harshdeep Bhatia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Leonardo P. Faverani
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Valentim A.R. Barão
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tolou Shokuhfar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - Cortino Sukotjo
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry, Chicago, USA
| | - Christos Takoudis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, USA
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13
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Antoniac I, Manescu (Paltanea) V, Antoniac A, Paltanea G. Magnesium-based alloys with adapted interfaces for bone implants and tissue engineering. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad095. [PMID: 38020233 PMCID: PMC10664085 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium and its alloys are one of the most used materials for bone implants and tissue engineering. They are characterized by numerous advantages such as biodegradability, high biocompatibility and mechanical properties with values close to the human bone. Unfortunately, the implant surface must be adequately tuned, or Mg-based alloys must be alloyed with other chemical elements due to their increased corrosion effect in physiological media. This article reviews the clinical challenges related to bone repair and regeneration, classifying bone defects and presenting some of the most used and modern therapies for bone injuries, such as Ilizarov or Masquelet techniques or stem cell treatments. The implant interface challenges are related to new bone formation and fracture healing, implant degradation and hydrogen release. A detailed analysis of mechanical properties during implant degradation is extensively described based on different literature studies that included in vitro and in vivo tests correlated with material properties' characterization. Mg-based trauma implants such as plates and screws, intramedullary nails, Herbert screws, spine cages, rings for joint treatment and regenerative scaffolds are presented, taking into consideration their manufacturing technology, the implant geometrical dimensions and shape, the type of in vivo or in vitro studies and fracture localization. Modern technologies that modify or adapt the Mg-based implant interfaces are described by presenting the main surface microstructural modifications, physical deposition and chemical conversion coatings. The last part of the article provides some recommendations from a translational perspective, identifies the challenges associated with Mg-based implants and presents some future opportunities. This review outlines the available literature on trauma and regenerative bone implants and describes the main techniques used to control the alloy corrosion rate and the cellular environment of the implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulian Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Manescu (Paltanea)
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Paltanea
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Wong PC, Kurniawan D, Wu JL, Wang WR, Chen KH, Chen CY, Chen YC, Veeramuthu L, Kuo CC, Ostrikov KK, Chiang WH. Plasma-Enabled Graphene Quantum Dot Hydrogel-Magnesium Composites as Bioactive Scaffolds for In Vivo Bone Defect Repair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:44607-44620. [PMID: 37722031 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive and mechanically stable metal-based scaffolds are commonly used for bone defect repair. However, conventional metal-based scaffolds induce nonuniform cell growth, limiting damaged tissue restoration. Here, we develop a plasma nanotechnology-enhanced graphene quantum dot (GQD) hydrogel-magnesium (Mg) composite scaffold for functional bone defect repair by integrating a bioresource-derived nitrogen-doped GQD (NGQD) hydrogel into the Mg ZK60 alloy. Each scaffold component brings major synergistic advantages over the current alloy-based state of the art, including (1) mechanical support of the cortical bone and calcium deposition by the released Mg2+ during degradation; (2) enhanced uptake, migration, and distribution of osteoblasts by the porous hydrogel; and (3) improved osteoblast adhesion and proliferation, osteogenesis, and mineralization by the NGQDs in the hydrogel. Through an in vivo study, the hybrid scaffold with the much enhanced osteogenic ability induced by the above synergy promotes a more rapid, uniform, and directional bone growth across the hydrogel channel, compared with the control Mg-based scaffold. This work provides insights into the design of multifunctional hybrid scaffolds, which can be applied in other areas well beyond the demonstrated bone defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chun Wong
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Darwin Kurniawan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Lin Wu
- Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ru Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hao Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei 235, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Ying Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Loganathan Veeramuthu
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ching Kuo
- Department of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Organic and Polymeric Materials, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Centre for Biomedical Technologies and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Wei-Hung Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
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15
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Ercetin A, Aslantaş K, Özgün Ö, Perçin M, Chandrashekarappa MPG. Optimization of Machining Parameters to Minimize Cutting Forces and Surface Roughness in Micro-Milling of Mg13Sn Alloy. MICROMACHINES 2023; 14:1590. [PMID: 37630126 PMCID: PMC10456406 DOI: 10.3390/mi14081590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
This comprehensive study investigates the micro-milling of a Mg13Sn alloy, a material of considerable interest in various high-precision applications, such as biomedical implants. The main objective of the study was to explore the optimizations of variable feed per tooth (fz), cutting speed (Vc), and depth of cut (ap) parameters on the key outcomes of the micro-milling process. A unique experimental setup was employed, employing a spindle capable of achieving up to 60,000 revolutions per minute. Additionally, the study leveraged linear slides backed by micro-step motors to facilitate precise axis movements, thereby maintaining a resolution accuracy of 0.1 μm. Cutting forces were accurately captured by a mini dynamometer and subsequently evaluated based on the peak to valley values for Fx (tangential force) and Fy (feed force). The study results revealed a clear and complex interplay between the varied cutting parameters and their subsequent impacts on the cutting forces and surface roughness. An increase in feed rate and depth of cut significantly increased the cutting forces. However, the cutting forces were found to decrease noticeably with the elevation of cutting speed. Intriguingly, the tangential force (Fx) was consistently higher than the feed force (Fy). Simultaneously, the study determined that the surface roughness, denoted by Sa values, increased in direct proportion to the feed rate. It was also found that the Sa surface roughness values decreased with the increase in cutting speed. This study recommends a parameter combination of fz = 5 µm/tooth feed rate, Vc = 62.8 m/min cutting speed, and ap = 400 µm depth of cut to maintain a Sa surface roughness value of less than 1 µm while ensuring an optimal material removal rate and machining time. The results derived from this study offer vital insights into the micro-milling of Mg13Sn alloys and contribute to the current body of knowledge on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ercetin
- Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Maritime Faculty, Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, Bandırma 10200, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Aslantaş
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar 03200, Turkey;
| | - Özgür Özgün
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bingöl University, Bingöl 12000, Turkey;
| | - Mustafa Perçin
- Department of Machine and Metal Technologies, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa 16059, Turkey;
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16
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Wang P, Gong Y, Zhou G, Ren W, Wang X. Biodegradable Implants for Internal Fixation of Fractures and Accelerated Bone Regeneration. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:27920-27931. [PMID: 37576626 PMCID: PMC10413843 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone fractures have always been a burden to patients due to their common occurrence and severe complications. Traditionally, operative treatments have been widely used in the clinic for implanting, despite the fact that they can only achieve bone fixation with limited stability and pose no effect on promoting tissue growth. In addition, the nondegradable implants usually need a secondary surgery for implant removal, otherwise they may block the regeneration of bones resulting in bone nonunion. To overcome the low degradability of implants and avoid multiple surgeries, tissue engineers have investigated various biodegradable materials for bone regeneration, whereas the significance of stability of long-term bone fixation tends to be neglected during this process. Combining the traditional orthopedic implantation surgeries and emerging tissue engineering, we believe that both bone fixation and bone regeneration are indispensable factors for a successful bone repair. Herein, we define such a novel idea as bone regenerative fixation (BRF), which should be the main future development trend of biodegradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Wang
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Institute
of Regenerative Medicine and Orthopedics, Institutes of Health Central
Plain, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan 453003, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Institute
of Regenerative Medicine and Orthopedics, Institutes of Health Central
Plain, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan 453003, China
| | - Xiansong Wang
- Department
of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of
Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Institute
of Regenerative Medicine and Orthopedics, Institutes of Health Central
Plain, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan 453003, China
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17
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Blašković M, Blašković D, Hangyasi DB, Peloza OC, Tomas M, Čandrlić M, Rider P, Mang B, Kačarević ŽP, Trajkovski B. Evaluation between Biodegradable Magnesium Metal GBR Membrane and Bovine Graft with or without Hyaluronate. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:691. [PMID: 37623752 PMCID: PMC10456676 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Bone substitutes and barrier membranes are widely used in dental regeneration procedures. New materials are constantly being developed to provide the most optimal surgical outcomes. One of these developments is the addition of hyaluronate (HA) to the bovine bone graft, which has beneficial wound healing and handling properties. However, an acidic environment that is potentially produced by the HA is known to increase the degradation of magnesium metal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential risk for the addition of HA to the bovine bone graft on the degradation rate and hence the efficacy of a new biodegradable magnesium metal GBR membrane. pH and conductivity measurements were made in vitro for samples placed in phosphate-buffered solutions. These in vitro tests showed that the combination of the bovine graft with HA resulted in an alkaline environment for the concentrations that were used. The combination was also tested in a clinical setting. The use of the magnesium metal membrane in combination with the tested grafting materials achieved successful treatment in these patients and no adverse effects were observed in vivo for regenerative treatments with or without HA. Magnesium based biodegradable GBR membranes can be safely used in combination with bovine graft with or without hyaluronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Blašković
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine Rijeka, University of Rijeka, Krešimirova 40/42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
- Dental Clinic Dr. Blašković, Linićeva ulica 16, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Dorotea Blašković
- Dental Clinic Dr. Blašković, Linićeva ulica 16, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | | | - Olga Cvijanović Peloza
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Braće Branchetta 20/1, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia;
| | - Matej Tomas
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.T.); (M.Č.)
| | - Marija Čandrlić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia; (M.T.); (M.Č.)
| | - Patrick Rider
- Botiss Biomaterials, Ullsteinstrasse 108, 12109 Berlin, Germany; (P.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Berit Mang
- Botiss Biomaterials, Ullsteinstrasse 108, 12109 Berlin, Germany; (P.R.); (B.M.)
| | - Željka Perić Kačarević
- Department of Anatomy, Embriology, Pathology and Pathohistology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Crkvena 21, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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18
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Hu J, Shao J, Huang G, Zhang J, Pan S. In Vitro and In Vivo Applications of Magnesium-Enriched Biomaterials for Vascularized Osteogenesis in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review of Literature. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:326. [PMID: 37367290 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly vascularized tissue, and the ability of magnesium (Mg) to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis has been widely studied. The aim of bone tissue engineering is to repair bone tissue defects and restore its normal function. Various Mg-enriched materials that can promote angiogenesis and osteogenesis have been made. Here, we introduce several types of orthopedic clinical uses of Mg; recent advances in the study of metal materials releasing Mg ions (pure Mg, Mg alloy, coated Mg, Mg-rich composite, ceramic, and hydrogel) are reviewed. Most studies suggest that Mg can enhance vascularized osteogenesis in bone defect areas. Additionally, we summarized some research on the mechanisms related to vascularized osteogenesis. In addition, the experimental strategies for the research of Mg-enriched materials in the future are put forward, in which clarifying the specific mechanism of promoting angiogenesis is the crux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jiahui Shao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Gan Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jieyuan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shuting Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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19
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Yang H, Zhang F, Sun S, Li H, Li L, Xu H, Wang J, Shao M, Li C, Wang H, Pei J, Niu J, Yuan G, Lyu F. Brushite-coated Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy promotes the osteogenesis of vertebral laminae through IGF2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 152:213505. [PMID: 37327764 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys have been extensively investigated in orthopedic implants due to their suitable mechanical strength and high biocompatibility. However, no studies have reported whether Mg alloys can be used to repair lamina defects, and the biological mechanisms regulating osteogenesis are not fully understood. The present study developed a lamina reconstruction device using our patented biodegradable Mg-Nd-Zn-Zr alloy (JDBM), and brushite (CaHPO4·2H2O, Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, DCPD) coating was developed on the implant. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we evaluated the degradation behavior and biocompatibility of DCPD-JDBM. In addition, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms by which it regulates osteogenesis. In vitro, ion release and cytotoxicity tests revealed that DCPD-JDBM had better corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. We found that DCPD-JDBM extracts could promote MC3T3-E1 osteogenic differentiation via the IGF2/PI3K/AKT pathway. The lamina reconstruction device was implanted on a rat lumbar lamina defect model. Radiographic and histological analysis showed that DCPD-JDBM accelerated the repair of rat lamina defects and exhibited lower degradation rate compared to uncoated JDBM. Immunohistochemical and qRT-PCR results showed that DCPD-JDBM promoted osteogenesis in rat laminae via IGF2/PI3K/AKT pathway. This study shows that DCPD-JDBM is a promising biodegradable Mg-based material with great potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyuan Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linli Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haocheng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghao Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Pei
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin Niu
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyin Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feizhou Lyu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Subasi O, Karaismailoglu B, Ashkani-Esfahani S, Lazoglu I. Investigation of lattice infill parameters for additively manufactured bone fracture plates to reduce stress shielding. Comput Biol Med 2023; 161:107062. [PMID: 37235944 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress shielding is a detrimental phenomenon caused by the stiffness mismatch between metallic bone plates and bone tissue, which can hamper fracture healing. Additively manufactured plates can decrease plate stiffness and alleviate the stress shielding effect. METHODS Rectilinear lattice plates with varying cell sizes, wall thicknesses, and orientations are computationally generated. Finite element analysis is used to calculate the four-point bending stiffness and strength of the plates. The mechanical behaviors of three different lattice plates are also simulated under a simple diaphyseal fracture fixation scenario. RESULTS The study shows that with different combinations of lattice infill parameters, plates with up to 68% decrease in stiffness compared to the 100% infill plate can be created. Moreover, in the fixation simulations, the least stiff lattice plate displays 53% more average stress distribution at the healing callus region compared to the 100% infill plate. CONCLUSIONS Using computational techniques, it has been demonstrated that additively manufactured stiffness-reduced bone plates can successfully address stress shielding with the strategic modulation of lattice infill parameters. Lattice plates with design versatility have the potential for use in various fracture fixation scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Subasi
- Foot & Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02493, USA; Manufacturing and Automation Research Center, Koc University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey.
| | - Bedri Karaismailoglu
- Foot & Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02493, USA; Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey; CAST (Cerrahpasa Research Simulation and Design) Laboratory, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Soheil Ashkani-Esfahani
- Foot & Ankle Research and Innovation Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02493, USA
| | - Ismail Lazoglu
- Manufacturing and Automation Research Center, Koc University, Istanbul, 34450, Turkey
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21
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Kumawat VS, Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh S, Ghosh SB. An overview of translational research in bone graft biomaterials. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2023; 34:497-540. [PMID: 36124544 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2127143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Natural bone healing is often inadequate to treat fractures with critical size bone defects and massive bone loss. Immediate surgical interventions through bone grafts have been found to be essential on such occasions. Naturally harvested bone grafts, although are the preferred choice of the surgeons; they suffer from serious clinical limitations, including disease transmission, donor site morbidity, limited supply of graft etc. Synthetic bone grafts, on the other hand, offer a more clinically appealing approach to decode the pathways of bone repair through use of tissue engineered biomaterials. This article critically retrospects the translational research on various engineered biomaterials towards bringing transformative changes in orthopaedic healthcare. The first section of the article discusses about composition and ultrastructure of bone along with the global perspectives on statistical escalation of bone fracture surgeries requiring use of bone grafts. The next section reviews the types, benefits and challenges of various natural and synthetic bone grafts. An overview of clinically relevant biomaterials from traditionally used metallic, bioceramic, and biopolymeric biomaterials to new generation composites have been summarised. Finally, this narrative review concludes with the discussion on the emerging trends and future perspectives of the promising bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Shankar Kumawat
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanchita Bandyopadhyay-Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Subrata Bandhu Ghosh
- Engineered Biomedical Materials Research and Innovation Centre (EnBioMatRIC), Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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22
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Tran DT, Chen FH, Wu GL, Ching PCO, Yeh ML. Influence of Spin Coating and Dip Coating with Gelatin/Hydroxyapatite for Bioresorbable Mg Alloy Orthopedic Implants: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:705-718. [PMID: 36695051 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Suitable biomechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and osteoconductivity of a degradable magnesium (Mg) alloy make it a potential material for orthopedic implants. The main limitation of Mg is its high corrosion rate in the human body. Surface modification is necessary to improve the Mg corrosion resistance. In this work, a polymeric layer of gelatin/nanohydroxyapatite (Gel/nHA) was coated on a ZK60 Mg alloy by dip coating and spin coating to test the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. The results from the in vitro test revealed that the coated groups reduced the corrosion rate with the corrosion current density by 59 and 81%, from 31.22 to 12.83 μA/cm2 and 5.83 μA/cm2 in the spin coating and dip coating groups, respectively. The dip coating group showed better corrosion resistance than the spin coating group with the lowest released hydrogen content (17.5 mL) and lowest pH value (8.23) and reducing the current density by 45%. In vitro, the relative growth rate was over 75% in all groups tested with MG63, demonstrating that the Mg substrate and coating materials were within the safety range. The dip coating and spin coating groups enhanced the cell proliferation with significantly higher OD values (3.3, 3.0, and 2.5, respectively) and had better antihemolysis and antiplatelet adhesion abilities than the uncoated group. The two coating methods showed no difference in the cellular response, cell migration, hemolysis, and platelet adhesion test. In in vivo tests in rats, the dip coating group also showed a higher corrosion resistance with a lower corrosion rate and mass loss than the spin coating group. In addition, the blood biochemistry and histopathology results indicated that all materials used in this study were biocompatible with living subjects. The present research confirmed that the two methods have no noticeable difference in cell and organ response but the corrosion resistance of dip coating was higher than that of spin coating either in vitro or in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duong-Thuy Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Hsu Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Lin Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Paula Carmela O Ching
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan701, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Long Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan701, Taiwan.,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan701, Taiwan
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23
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Vinogradov A, Merson E, Myagkikh P, Linderov M, Brilevsky A, Merson D. Attaining High Functional Performance in Biodegradable Mg-Alloys: An Overview of Challenges and Prospects for the Mg-Zn-Ca System. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1324. [PMID: 36770330 PMCID: PMC9920771 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a concise overview of modern achievements and existing knowledge gaps in the area of biodegradable magnesium alloys. Hundreds of Mg-based alloys have been proposed as candidates for temporary implants, and this number tends to increase day by day. Therefore, while reviewing common aspects of research in this field, we confine ourselves primarily to the popular Mg-Zn-Ca system, taken as a representative example. Over the last decades, research activities in this area have grown enormously and have produced many exciting results. Aiming at highlighting the areas where research efforts are still scarce, we review the state-of-the-art processing techniques and summarize the functional properties attained via a wide variety of processing routes devised towards achieving a desired properties profile, including the mechanical response in terms of strength, ductility, and fatigue resistance paired with biocompatibility and bio-corrosion resistance or controlled degradability. We pay keen attention to a summary of corrosion properties and mechano-chemical interactions between an aggressive environment and loaded Mg-based structures, resulting in stress corrosion cracking and premature corrosion fatigue failures. The polemic issues and challenges practitioners face in their laboratory research are identified and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Vinogradov
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 4791 Trondheim, Norway
- Magnesium Research Center, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Evgeniy Merson
- Institute of Advanced Technologies, Togliatti State University, 445020 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Pavel Myagkikh
- Institute of Advanced Technologies, Togliatti State University, 445020 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Mikhail Linderov
- Institute of Advanced Technologies, Togliatti State University, 445020 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Alexandr Brilevsky
- Institute of Advanced Technologies, Togliatti State University, 445020 Togliatti, Russia
| | - Dmitry Merson
- Institute of Advanced Technologies, Togliatti State University, 445020 Togliatti, Russia
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24
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Zhang D, Li M, Xu R, Xie J, Zhang Y, Qian S, Qiao Y, Peng F, Liu X. Complementary and Synergistic Design of Bi-Layered Double Hydroxides Modified Magnesium Alloy toward Multifunctional Orthopedic Implants. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2201367. [PMID: 36325652 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys have been regarded as promising implants for future clinic orthopedics, however, how to endow them with good anti-corrosion and biofunctions still remains a great challenge, especially for complicated bone diseases. Herein, three transition metals (M = Mn, Fe, and Co)-containing layered double hydroxides (LDH) (LDH-Mn, LDH-Fe, and LDH-Co) with similar M content are prepared on Mg alloy via a novel two-step method, then systematic characterizations and comparisons are conducted in detail. Results showed that LDH-Mn exhibited the best corrosion resistance, LDH-Mn and LDH-Co possessed excellent photothermal and enzymatic activities, LDH-Fe revealed better cytocompatibility and antibacterial properties, while LDH-Co demonstrated high cytotoxicity. Based on these results, an optimized bilayer LDH coating enriched with Fe and Mn (LDH-MnFe) from top to bottom have been designed for further in vitro and in vivo analysis. The top Fe-riched layer provided biocompatibility and antibacterial properties, while the bottom Mn-riced layer provided excellent anti-corrosion, photothermal and enzymatic effects. In addition, the released Mg, Fe, and Mn ions have a positive influence on angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Thus, the LDH-MnFe showed complementary and synergistic effects on anti-corrosion and multibiofunctions (antibacteria, antitumor, and osteogenesis). The present work offers a novel multifunctional Mg-based implant for treating bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mei Li
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ru Xu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Juning Xie
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Shi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Cixi Center of Biomaterials Surface Engineering, Ningbo, 315300, China
| | - Yuqin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Feng Peng
- Medical Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Cixi Center of Biomaterials Surface Engineering, Ningbo, 315300, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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25
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Sabouni K, Ozturk Y, Kacar E, Kose GT, Kok FN, Kazmanli MK, Urgen MK, Onder S. Surface analysis of (Ti,Mg)N coated bone fixation devices following the rabbit femur surgery. Biomed Mater Eng 2023; 34:459-472. [PMID: 37005873 DOI: 10.3233/bme-222544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) enhances the bone regeneration, mineralization and attachment at the tissue/biomaterial interface. OBJECTIVE In this study, the effect of Mg on mineralization/osseointegration was determined using (Ti,Mg)N thin film coated Ti6Al4V based plates and screws in vivo. METHODS TiN and (Ti,Mg)N coated Ti6Al4V plates and screws were prepared using arc-PVD technique and used to fix rabbit femur fractures for 6 weeks. Then, mineralization/osseointegration was assessed by surface analysis including cell attachment, mineralization, and hydroxyapatite deposition on concave and convex sides of the plates along with the attachment between the screw and the bone. RESULTS According to Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analyses; cell attachment and mineralization were higher on the concave sides of the plates from both groups in comparison to the convex sides. However, mineralization was significantly higher on Mg-containing ones. The mean gray value indicating mineralized area after von Kossa staining was found as 0.48 ± 0.01 and 0.41 ± 0.04 on Mg containing and free ones respectively. Similarly, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that hydroxyapatite growth was abundant on the Mg-containing and concave sides of the plates. Enhanced mineralization and strong attachment to bone were also detected in EDS and SEM analyses of Mg-containing screws. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that (Ti,Mg)N coatings can be used to increase attachment at the implant tissue interface due to accelerated mineralization, cell attachment, and hydroxyapatite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenda Sabouni
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yetkin Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erkan Kacar
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Torun Kose
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Nese Kok
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Kursat Kazmanli
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kamil Urgen
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sakip Onder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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26
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Antoniac I, Manescu (Paltanea) V, Paltanea G, Antoniac A, Nemoianu IV, Petrescu MI, Dura H, Bodog AD. Additive Manufactured Magnesium-Based Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8693. [PMID: 36500191 PMCID: PMC9739563 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is an important technology that led to a high evolution in the manufacture of personalized implants adapted to the anatomical requirements of patients. Due to a worldwide graft shortage, synthetic scaffolds must be developed. Regarding this aspect, biodegradable materials such as magnesium and its alloys are a possible solution because the second surgery for implant removal is eliminated. Magnesium (Mg) exhibits mechanical properties, which are similar to human bone, biodegradability in human fluids, high biocompatibility, and increased ability to stimulate new bone formation. A current research trend consists of Mg-based scaffold design and manufacture using AM technologies. This review presents the importance of biodegradable implants in treating bone defects, the most used AM methods to produce Mg scaffolds based on powder metallurgy, AM-manufactured implants properties, and in vitro and in vivo analysis. Scaffold properties such as biodegradation, densification, mechanical properties, microstructure, and biocompatibility are presented with examples extracted from the recent literature. The challenges for AM-produced Mg implants by taking into account the available literature are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulian Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei, 050094 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Veronica Manescu (Paltanea)
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe Paltanea
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Aurora Antoniac
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Iosif Vasile Nemoianu
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Ionut Petrescu
- Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Horatiu Dura
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Alin Danut Bodog
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 P-ta 1 December Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania
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27
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Ismail R, Cionita T, Lai YL, Fitriyana DF, Siregar JP, Bayuseno AP, Nugraha FW, Muhamadin RC, Irawan AP, Hadi AE. Characterization of PLA/PCL/Green Mussel Shells Hydroxyapatite (HA) Biocomposites Prepared by Chemical Blending Methods. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8641. [PMID: 36500143 PMCID: PMC9741189 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increase in the number of studies conducted on the process of developing hydroxyapatite (HA) to use in biocomposites. HA can be derived from natural sources such as bovine bone. The HA usage obtained from green mussel shells in biocomposites in this study will be explored. The research goal is to investigate the composition effect of biomaterials derived from polycaprolactone (PCL), polylactic acid (PLA), as well as HA obtained from green mussel shells with a chemical blending method on mechanical properties and degradation rate. First, 80 mL of chloroform solution was utilized to immerse 16 g of the PLA/PCL mixture with the ratios of 85:15 and 60:40 for 30 min. A magnetic stirrer was used to mix the solution for an additional 30 min at a temperature and speed of 50 °C and 300 rpm. Next, the hydroxyapatite (HA) was added in percentages of 5%, 10%, and 15%, as well as 20% of the PLA/PCL mixture's total weight. It was then stirred for 1 h at 100 rpm at 65 °C to produce a homogeneous mixture of HA and polymer. The biocomposite mixture was then added into a glass mold as per ASTM D790. Following this, biocomposite specimens were tested for their density, biodegradability, and three points of bending in determining the effect of HA and polymer composition on the degradation rate and mechanical properties. According to the findings of this study, increasing the HA and PLA composition yields a rise in the mechanical properties of the biocomposites. However, the biocomposite degradation rate is increasing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifky Ismail
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
- Center for Biomechanics, Biomaterial, Biomechatronics, and Biosignal Processing (CBIOM3S), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Tezara Cionita
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Yin Ling Lai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Quantity Surveying, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Deni Fajar Fitriyana
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang 50229, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Fariz Wisda Nugraha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
- Center for Biomechanics, Biomaterial, Biomechatronics, and Biosignal Processing (CBIOM3S), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Rilo Chandra Muhamadin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
- Center for Biomechanics, Biomaterial, Biomechatronics, and Biosignal Processing (CBIOM3S), Diponegoro University, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Agustinus Purna Irawan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Tarumanagara, Jakarta Barat 11440, Indonesia
| | - Agung Efriyo Hadi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Malahayati, Bandar Lampung 35153, Indonesia
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Wang Z, Liu B, Yin B, Zheng Y, Tian Y, Wen P. Comprehensive review of additively manufactured biodegradable magnesium implants for repairing bone defects from biomechanical and biodegradable perspectives. Front Chem 2022; 10:1066103. [PMID: 36523749 PMCID: PMC9745192 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1066103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defect repair is a complicated clinical problem, particularly when the defect is relatively large and the bone is unable to repair itself. Magnesium and its alloys have been introduced as versatile biomaterials to repair bone defects because of their excellent biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, bone-mimicking biomechanical features, and non-toxic and biodegradable properties. Therefore, magnesium alloys have become a popular research topic in the field of implants to treat critical bone defects. This review explores the popular Mg alloy research topics in the field of bone defects. Bibliometric analyses demonstrate that the degradation control and mechanical properties of Mg alloys are the main research focus for the treatment of bone defects. Furthermore, the additive manufacturing (AM) of Mg alloys is a promising approach for treating bone defects using implants with customized structures and functions. This work reviews the state of research on AM-Mg alloys and the current challenges in the field, mainly from the two aspects of controlling the degradation rate and the fabrication of excellent mechanical properties. First, the advantages, current progress, and challenges of the AM of Mg alloys for further application are discussed. The main mechanisms that lead to the rapid degradation of AM-Mg are then highlighted. Next, the typical methods and processing parameters of laser powder bed fusion fabrication on the degradation characteristics of Mg alloys are reviewed. The following section discusses how the above factors affect the mechanical properties of AM-Mg and the recent research progress. Finally, the current status of research on AM-Mg for bone defects is summarized, and some research directions for AM-Mg to drive the application of clinical orthopedic implants are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengguang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bingchuan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bangzhao Yin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Bone and Joint Precision Medicine, Ministry of Education, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Recent Developments in Additive-Manufactured Intermetallic Compounds for Bio-Implant Applications. J Med Biol Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40846-022-00753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
This paper reviews the recent developments of two newly developed intermetallic compounds (IMCs) of metallic glasses (MGs) and high-entropy alloys (HEAs) as potential implantable biomaterials.
Methods
The paper commences by summarizing the fundamental properties of recently developed MGs and high-entropy alloys (HEAs). A systematic review is presented of the recent literature about the use of AM technology in fabricating MG and HEA components for biological implant applications.
Results
The high strength, low Young’s modulus, and excellent corrosion resistance make these IMCs good candidates as bio-implantable materials. Recent studies have shown that additive manufacturing (AM) techniques provide an advantageous route for the preparation of glassy metallic components due to their intrinsically rapid cooling rates and ability to fabricate parts with virtually no size or complexity constraints. A practical example is conducted by AM producing a porous gradient Ti-based MG spinal cage. The produced MG powders and the in vivo test results on an 18 M-old Lanyu pig confirm the feasibility of the AM technique for producing implantable IMC-based prosthesis.
Conclusion
The non-crystalline structure of MGs alloy and the random crystalline composition of HEAs provide unique material properties that will substantially impact the development of future implantable prostheses.
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Marek R, Ćwieka H, Donohue N, Holweg P, Moosmann J, Beckmann F, Brcic I, Schwarze UY, Iskhakova K, Chaabane M, Sefa S, Zeller-Plumhoff B, Weinberg AM, Willumeit-Römer R, Sommer NG. Degradation behavior and osseointegration of Mg-Zn-Ca screws in different bone regions of growing sheep: a pilot study. Regen Biomater 2022; 10:rbac077. [PMID: 36683753 PMCID: PMC9845522 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-based implants are highly attractive for the orthopedic field and may replace titanium (Ti) as support for fracture healing. To determine the implant-bone interaction in different bony regions, we implanted Mg-based alloy ZX00 (Mg < 0.5 Zn < 0.5 Ca, in wt%) and Ti-screws into the distal epiphysis and distal metaphysis of sheep tibiae. The implant degradation and osseointegration were assessed in vivo and ex vivo after 4, 6 and 12 weeks, using a combination of clinical computed tomography, medium-resolution micro computed tomography (µCT) and high-resolution synchrotron radiation µCT (SRµCT). Implant volume loss, gas formation and bone growth were evaluated for both implantation sites and each bone region independently. Additionally, histological analysis of bone growth was performed on embedded hard-tissue samples. We demonstrate that in all cases, the degradation rate of ZX00-implants ranges between 0.23 and 0.75 mm/year. The highest degradation rates were found in the epiphysis. Bone-to-implant contact varied between the time points and bone types for both materials. Mostly, bone-volume-to-total-volume was higher around Ti-implants. However, we found an increased cortical thickness around the ZX00-screws when compared with the Ti-screws. Our results showed the suitability of ZX00-screws for implantation into the distal meta- and epiphysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicholas Donohue
- National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Patrick Holweg
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Julian Moosmann
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Felix Beckmann
- Institute of Materials Physics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Iva Brcic
- D&R Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Uwe Yacine Schwarze
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria,Department of Dental Medicine and Oral Health, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kamila Iskhakova
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Marwa Chaabane
- SCANCO Medical AG, 8306 Wangen-Brüttisellen, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Sefa
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Berit Zeller-Plumhoff
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | | | - Regine Willumeit-Römer
- Institute of Metallic Biomaterials, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
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Binding interactions and Sensing applications of chromone derived Schiff base chemosensors via absorption and emission studies: A comprehensive review. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zheng Z, Xu W, Xu Y, Xue Q. Mapping knowledge structure and themes trends of biodegradable Mg-based alloy for orthopedic application: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:940700. [PMID: 36017343 PMCID: PMC9395602 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.940700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since Lambotte and Payr first studied Mg-based alloys for orthopedics in 1900, the research of this field has finally ushered in vigorous development in the 21st century. From the perspective of quantitative analysis, this paper clearly demonstrated the global research trend from 2005 to 2021 by using bibliometrics and scientometric analysis. Methods: We obtained the publications from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. The bibliometric and scientometric analysis was conducted by using R software, CiteSpace software, VOSviewer software, Pajek software and Microsoft Excel program. Results: In total, 1921 publications were retrieved. It can be found that the number of publications is gradually increasing year by year. We can find that the most prolific countrie, institution and researcher are China, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zheng Yufeng, respectively. The most influential journals in this field are Acta Biomaterialia and Biomaterials, with 16,511 and 12,314 total citations, respectively. By conducting the co-cited documents-based clustering analysis, 16 research hotspots and their representative studies have been identified. Besides, by conducting analysis of keywords, we divided the keyword citation bursts representing the development of the field into three stages. Conclusion: The number of researches on the biodegradable Mg-based alloys increased sharply all over the world in the 21st century. China has made significant progress in biodegradable Mg-based alloy research. More focus will be placed on osteogenic differentiation, fabrication, graphene oxide, antibacterial property, bioactive glass and nanocomposite, which may be the next popular topics in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitian Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wennan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyun Xue
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Qingyun Xue,
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Kim SR, Lee KM, Kim JH, Choi YJ, Park HI, Jung HC, Roh HJ, Han JHL, Kim JR, Lee BK. Biocompatibility evaluation of peo-treated magnesium alloy implants placed in rabbit femur condyle notches and paravertebral muscles. Biomater Res 2022; 26:29. [PMID: 35794655 PMCID: PMC9258108 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium alloys have been receiving much attention for use in biodegradable metal implants because of their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their rapid breakdown and low bioactivity can cause the implant to lose mechanical integrity before the bone is completely healed. Moreover, hydrogen gas released during degradation can significantly delay the tissue regeneration process. To solve the instability of magnesium alloys, Zn and Ca can be added to improve the mechanical properties and biocompatibility. One other way to improve the mechanical properties of Mg is plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), which provides a dense, thick ceramic-like coating on the Mg surface. In this study, high-purity Mg was selected as the control, and Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy and PEO-treated Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy were selected as the test materials; the results of radiographic and histological analyses of their biocompatibility are reported herein. MATERIALS AND METHOD Nineteen New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Rod-bars (Ø2.7 × 13.6 mm) were placed on both paravertebral muscles, and cannulated screws (Ø2.7x10mm) were placed on both femur condyle notches. Each animal was implanted in all four sites. X-rays were taken at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, micro-CT, and live-CT were taken at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. At weeks 4, 8, and 12, individuals representing each group were selected and sacrificed to prepare specimens for histopathological examination. RESULT The results confirm that in vivo, Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy had higher corrosion resistance than high-purity Mg and safely degraded over time without causing possible side effects (foreign body or inflammatory reactions, etc.). In addition, PEO treatment of Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy had a positive effect on fracture recovery by increasing the bonding area with bone. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PEO treatment of Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy can be a promising biomaterials in the field of various clinical situations such as orthopedic and maxillofacial surgerys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Ryoung Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Mo Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hong Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Ick Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Chul Jung
- R&D Division, U&I Corporation, Uijongbu, 480-050, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Jin Roh
- R&D Division, U&I Corporation, Uijongbu, 480-050, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hye Lo Han
- R&D Division, U&I Corporation, Uijongbu, 480-050, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Rae Kim
- 2nd Analysis Lab, 127, Mapo-daero, Mapo-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bu-Kyu Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yao R, Han S, Sun Y, Zhao Y, Shan R, Liu L, Yao X, Hang R. Fabrication and characterization of biodegradable Zn scaffold by vacuum heating-press sintering for bone repair. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 138:212968. [PMID: 35913245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone repair materials with excellent mechanical properties are highly desirable, especially in load-bearing sits. However, the currently used ceramic- and polymer-based ones mainly show poor mechanical properties. Recently, biodegradable metals have attracted extensive attention due to their reliable mechanical strength and degradability. As biodegradable metals, zinc-based materials are promising due to their suitable degradation rate and good biocompatibility. Here, we fabricated biodegradable porous Zn scaffolds with relatively high mechanical properties by vacuum heating-press sintering using NaCl particles as space holders. The microstructure, actual porosity, compressive mechanical properties, in vitro degradation behavior and the vitality of osteoblasts of porous Zn scaffolds were tested and investigated. The results show the porosities of the prepared porous Zn scaffolds are ranging from 11.3 % to 63.3 %, and the pore sizes are similar to the size range of the screened NaCl particles (200-500 μm). Compressive yield strength of 14.2-73.7 MPa and compressive elastic modulus of 1.9-6.7 GPa are shown on porous Zn scaffolds, some of which approach to that of cancellous bone (2-12 MPa and 0.1-5 GPa). Compared to bulk Zn, although the porous structures cause a partial loss of strength, the reliable mechanical properties are still retained. In addition, the porous structures not only greatly increase the degradation rate, but also promote the proliferation of osteoblasts. Based on these results, biodegradable porous Zn scaffolds (porosity in the 40 %-50 %) fabricated by vacuum heating-press sintering method show high application potential for clinical bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runhua Yao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Shuyang Han
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yonghua Sun
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yuyu Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Ruifeng Shan
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Xiaohong Yao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biomedical Metal Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
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Quantitative Assessment of the Restoration of Original Anatomy after 3D Virtual Reduction of Long Bone Fractures. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12061372. [PMID: 35741182 PMCID: PMC9222009 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the usefulness of 3D image-based virtual reduction by validating the evaluation criteria according to guidelines suggested by the AO Surgery Reference. Methods: For this experiment, 19 intact radial ORTHObones (ORTHObones radius, 3B Scientific, Germany, Hamburg) without any fractures were prepared. All ORTHObones with six cortical marking holes (three points on the distal part and three points on the proximal part) were scanned using a CT scanner twice (before/after intentional fracture of the ORTHObone). After the virtual reduction of all 19 ORTHObones, accuracy evaluations using the four criteria (length variation, apposition variation, alignment variation, Rotation Variation) suggested in the AO Surgery Reference were performed. Results: The mean (M) length variation was 0.42 mm, with 0.01 mm standard deviation (SD). The M apposition variation was 0.48 mm, with 0.40 mm SD. The M AP angulation variation (for alignment variation) was 3.24°, with 2.95° SD. The M lateral angulation variation (for alignment variation) was 0.09°, with 0.13° SD. The M angle of axial rotation was 1.27° with SD: 1.19°. Conclusions: The method of accuracy evaluation used in this study can be helpful in establishing a reliable plan.
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Chu YS, Wong PC, Jang JSC, Chen CH, Wu SH. Combining Mg–Zn–Ca Bulk Metallic Glass with a Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposite for Bone Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14051078. [PMID: 35631664 PMCID: PMC9145403 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mg–Zn–Ca bulk metallic glass (BMG) is a promising orthopedic fixation implant because of its biodegradable and biocompatible properties. Structural supporting bone implants with osteoinduction properties for effective bone regeneration have been highly desired in recent years. Osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) can increase the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and enhance the mineralization of osteoblast cells. However, the short half-life and non-specificity to target areas limit applications of OGP. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) as nanocarriers possess excellent properties, such as easy surface modification, superior targeting efficiency, and high loading capacity of drugs or proteins. Accordingly, we propose a system of combining the OGP-containing MSNs with Mg–Zn–Ca BMG materials to promote bone regeneration. In this work, we conjugated cysteine-containing OGP (cgOGP, 16 a.a.) to interior walls of channels in MSNs and maintained the dispersity of MSNs via PEGylation. An in vitro study showed that metal ions released from Mg–Zn–Ca BMG promoted cell proliferation and migration and elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization. On treating cells with both BMG ion-containing Minimum Essential Medium Eagle-alpha modification (α-MEM) and OGP-conjugated MSNs, enhanced focal adhesion turnover and promoted differentiation were observed. Hematological analyses showed the biocompatible nature of this BMG/nanocomposite system. In addition, in vivo micro-computed tomographic and histological observations revealed that our system stimulated osteogenesis and new bone formation around the implant site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Shin Chu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Chun Wong
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jason Shian-Ching Jang
- Graduate Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hwa Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University—Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Si-Han Wu
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Gueorguiev B, Lenz M. [Cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes-Materials and biomechanics]. Unfallchirurg 2022; 125:430-435. [PMID: 35486124 DOI: 10.1007/s00113-022-01182-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Materials with different characteristics are used for cement augmentation and as bone graft substitutes. OBJECTIVE Cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes are the subject of current research. The evaluation of new knowledge allows its specific application. MATERIAL AND METHODS Selective literature search and outline of experimental research results on cement augmentation and bone graft substitutes. RESULTS Augmentation and bone graft substitutes are essential components of current trauma surgical procedures. Despite intensive research all materials have specific disadvantages. Cement augmentation of implants enhances not only the anchorage but also influences the failure mode. CONCLUSION Cement augmentation has large potential especially in osteoporotic bone. In load-bearing regions acrylic-based cements remain the standard of choice. Ceramic cements are preferred in non-load-bearing areas. Their combination with resorbable metals offers still largely unexplored potential. Virtual biomechanics can help improve the targeted application of cement augmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyko Gueorguiev
- AO Forschungsinstitut Davos, Clavadelerstraße 8, 7270, Davos, Schweiz.
| | - Mark Lenz
- AO Forschungsinstitut Davos, Clavadelerstraße 8, 7270, Davos, Schweiz.,Klinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07747, Jena, Deutschland
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Millán-Ramos B, Morquecho-Marín D, Silva-Bermudez P, Ramírez-Ortega D, Depablos-Rivera O, García-López J, Fernández-Lizárraga M, Almaguer-Flores A, Victoria-Hernández J, Letzig D, Rodil SE. Degradation Behavior and Mechanical Integrity of a Mg-0.7Zn-0.6Ca (wt.%) Alloy: Effect of Grain Sizes and Crystallographic Texture. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093142. [PMID: 35591473 PMCID: PMC9102660 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The microstructural characteristics of biodegradable Mg alloys determine their performance and appropriateness for orthopedic fixation applications. In this work, the effect of the annealing treatment of a Mg-0.7Zn-0.6Ca (ZX11) alloy on the mechanical integrity, corrosive behavior, and biocompatibility-osteoinduction was studied considering two annealing temperatures, 350 and 450 °C. The microstructure showed a recrystallized structure, with a lower number of precipitates, grain size, and stronger basal texture for the ZX11-350 condition than the ZX11-450. The characteristics mentioned above induce a higher long-term degradation rate for the ZX11-450 than the ZX11-350 on days 7th and 15th of immersion. In consequence, the mechanical integrity changes within this period. The increased degradation rate of the ZX11-450 condition reduces 40% the elongation at failure, in contrast with the 16% reduction for the ZX11-350 condition. After that period, the mechanical integrity remained unchanged. No cytotoxic effects were observed for both treatments and significant differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into the osteoblast phenotype was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Millán-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (D.R.-O.); (O.D.-R.); (S.E.R.)
- Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (B.M.-R.); (J.V.-H.)
| | - Daniela Morquecho-Marín
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (D.M.-M.); (P.S.-B.); (J.G.-L.); (M.F.-L.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Ciencias Odontológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
| | - Phaedra Silva-Bermudez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (D.M.-M.); (P.S.-B.); (J.G.-L.); (M.F.-L.)
| | - David Ramírez-Ortega
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (D.R.-O.); (O.D.-R.); (S.E.R.)
| | - Osmary Depablos-Rivera
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (D.R.-O.); (O.D.-R.); (S.E.R.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Julieta García-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (D.M.-M.); (P.S.-B.); (J.G.-L.); (M.F.-L.)
| | - Mariana Fernández-Lizárraga
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Mexico City 14389, Mexico; (D.M.-M.); (P.S.-B.); (J.G.-L.); (M.F.-L.)
- Posgrado de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Argelia Almaguer-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biointerfaces, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - José Victoria-Hernández
- Institute of Material and Process Design, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany;
- Correspondence: (B.M.-R.); (J.V.-H.)
| | - Dietmar Letzig
- Institute of Material and Process Design, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany;
| | - Sandra E. Rodil
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (D.R.-O.); (O.D.-R.); (S.E.R.)
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Fluoride Coatings on Magnesium Alloy Implants. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:7636482. [PMID: 35295762 PMCID: PMC8920665 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7636482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
After several years of research and development, it has been reported that magnesium alloys can be used as degradable metals in some medical device applications. Over the years, fluoride coatings have received increasing research attention for improving the corrosion resistance of magnesium. In this paper, different methods for preparing fluoride coatings and the characteristics of these coatings are reported for the first time. The influence of the preparation conditions of fluoride coatings, including the magnesium substrate, voltage, and electrolyte, on the coatings is discussed. Various properties of magnesium fluoride coatings are also summarized, with an emphasis on corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. We screened experiments and papers that planned the application of magnesium fluoride coatings in living organisms. We have selected the literature with the aim of enhancing the performance of in vivo implants for reading and further detailed classification. The authors searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and other databases for 688 relevant papers published between 2005 and 2021, citing 105 of them. The selected time range is the last 16 years. Furthermore, this paper systematically discusses future prospects and challenges related to the application of magnesium fluoride coatings to medical products.
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Nasr Azadani M, Zahedi A, Bowoto OK, Oladapo BI. A review of current challenges and prospects of magnesium and its alloy for bone implant applications. Prog Biomater 2022; 11:1-26. [PMID: 35239157 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-022-00182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical application materials must meet multiple requirements, and the designed implant must mimic the bone structure in shape and support the formation of bone tissue (osteogenesis). Magnesium (Mg) alloys, as a "smart" biodegradable material and as "the green engineering material in the twenty-first century", have become an outstanding bone implant material due to their natural degradability, smart biocompatibility, and desirable mechanical properties. Magnesium is recognised as the next generation of orthopaedic appliances and bioresorbable scaffolds. At the same time, improving the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys is an urgent challenge to promote the application of magnesium alloys. Nevertheless, the excessively quick deterioration rate generally results in premature mechanical integrity disintegration and local hydrogen build-up, resulting in restricted clinical bone restoration applicability. The condition of Mg bone implants is thoroughly examined in this study. The relevant approaches to boost the corrosion resistance, including purification, alloying treatment, surface coating, and Mg-based metal matrix composite, are comprehensively revealed. These characteristics are reviewed to assess the progress of contemporary Mg-based biocomposites and alloys for biomedical applications. The fabricating techniques for Mg bone implants also are thoroughly investigated. Notably, laser-based additive manufacturing fabricates customised forms and complicated porous structures based on its distinctive additive manufacturing conception. Because of its high laser energy density and strong controllability, it is capable of fast heating and cooling, allowing it to modify the microstructure and performance. This review paper aims to provide more insight on the present challenges and continued research on Mg bone implants, highlighting some of the most important characteristics, challenges, and strategies for improving Mg bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Nasr Azadani
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK.
| | - Abolfazl Zahedi
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Oluwole Kingsley Bowoto
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Bankole Ibrahim Oladapo
- School of Engineering and Sustainable Development, De Montfort University, Leicester, LE1 9BH, UK
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Ma Y, Talha M, Wang Q, Zhao Q, Li Z, Lin Y. Nano‐silica/chitosan composite coatings on biodegradable magnesium alloys for enhanced corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid. MATERIALS AND CORROSION 2022; 73:436-450. [DOI: 10.1002/maco.202112701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractChitosan (CTS) coatings have been studied as a biocompatible coating on biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloys to improve the corrosion resistance and bioactivity for medical implants. However, the loose structure of the CTS coating cannot provide ideal long‐time corrosion resistance in the physiological environment. In this study, a nano‐SiO2/CTS composite coating was applied on an Mg alloy substrate using the sol–gel method. The surface characteristics of the samples were examined by Fourier‐transform infrared analysis, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy‐energy‐dispersive spectrometry, and contact angle measurements. The particle size and suitable dispersion of the SiO2 nanoparticles inside the composite coating were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Further, the corrosion protection behavior of the coatings was examined in a simulated body fluid using potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electrochemical microscopy analyses. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the surface morphologies of the samples after the polarization test. The surface characteristics, electrochemical measurements, and immersion test revealed that the SiO2 nanoparticles effectively filled the voids of the CTS coating and significantly improved the corrosion resistance. The optimal concentration of nano‐SiO2 is 1.0 g/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Ma
- School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Mohd Talha
- School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Zhonghui Li
- School of Petroleum Engineering Yangtze University Wuhan Hubei China
| | - Yuanhua Lin
- School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Magnesium-Based Alloys Used in Orthopedic Surgery. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031148. [PMID: 35161092 PMCID: PMC8840615 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg)-based alloys have become an important category of materials that is attracting more and more attention due to their high potential use as orthopedic temporary implants. These alloys are a viable alternative to nondegradable metals implants in orthopedics. In this paper, a detailed overview covering alloy development and manufacturing techniques is described. Further, important attributes for Mg-based alloys involved in orthopedic implants fabrication, physiological and toxicological effects of each alloying element, mechanical properties, osteogenesis, and angiogenesis of Mg are presented. A section detailing the main biocompatible Mg-based alloys, with examples of mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and cytotoxicity tests related to in vitro experiments, is also provided. Special attention is given to animal testing, and the clinical translation is also reviewed, focusing on the main clinical cases that were conducted under human use approval.
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Ma Y, Talha M, Wang Q, Li Z, Lin Y. Evaluation of the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy with different protein concentrations. ANTI-CORROSION METHODS AND MATERIALS 2022; 69:47-54. [DOI: 10.1108/acmm-08-2021-2524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study systematically the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium (Mg) alloy with different concentrations of bovine serum albumin (BSA) (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 5.0 g/L).
Design/methodology/approach
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potential dynamic polarization tests were performed to obtain corrosion parameters. Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) was used to analyze the local electrochemical activity of the surface film. Atomic force microscope (AFM), Scanning electron microscope-Energy dispersive spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the surface morphology and chemical composition of the surface film.
Findings
Experimental results showed the presence of BSA in a certain concentration range (0 to 2.0 g/L) has a greater inhibitory effect on the corrosion of AZ31, however, the presence of high-concentration BSA (5.0 g/L) would sharply reduce the corrosion resistance.
Originality/value
When the concentration of BSA is less than 2.0 g/L, the corrosion resistance of AZ31 enhances with the concentration. The adsorption BSA layer will come into being a physical barrier to inhibit the corrosion process. However, high-concentration BSA (5.0 g/L) will chelate with dissolved metal ions (such as Mg and Ni) to form soluble complexes, which increases the roughness of the surface and accelerates the corrosion process.
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Yanagisawa Y, Shimizu Y, Mukai T, Sano Y, Odashima K, Ikeo N, Saito H, Yamauchi K, Takahashi T, Kumamoto H. Biodegradation behaviors of magnesium(Mg)-based alloy nails in autologous bone grafts: In vivo study in rabbit skulls. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2022; 20:22808000221095230. [PMID: 35599624 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221095230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, autologous bone grafts using bone-fixing nails made of magnesium-zinc-calcium ternary alloys were performed using rabbit skulls. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two types of nails for bone fixation were prepared: 2.5 mm width, 3 mm length and 2.5 mm width, 2 mm length. A disk-shaped bone with a diameter of 5 mm was resected from the parietal bone and fixed with a 3 mm long nail. As a control group, a 2 mm long nail was driven into the existing bone. The rabbits were sacrificed at 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after surgery. The resected samples were observed with micro X-ray CT, and embedded in methyl methacrylate to prepare non-decalcified specimens. The in vivo localization of elements was examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). RESULTS Micro X-ray CT images of samples showed volume reduction due to degradation in both the bone graft and control groups. No significant difference in the amount of degradation between the two groups was observed, however characteristic degradation processes were observed in each group. The samples stained with alizarin red S showed amorphous areas around the nails, which were considered as corrosion products and contacted directly with the newly formed bones. EDS analysis showed that corrosion products were mainly composed of magnesium and oxygen at an early stage, while calcium and phosphorus were detected on the surface layer during the long-term observation. CONCLUSIONS The degradation speed of the magnesium alloy nails varied depending on the shapes of the nails and surrounding tissue conditions. A calcium phosphate layer was formed on the surface of magnesium alloy nails, suggesting that the degradation rate of the nail was slow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Yanagisawa
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshinaka Shimizu
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshiji Mukai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuya Sano
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kenji Odashima
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naoko Ikeo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Haruka Saito
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kensuke Yamauchi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tetsu Takahashi
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kumamoto
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Oral Medicine and Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Schmidt M, Waselau AC, Feichtner F, Julmi S, Klose C, Maier HJ, Wriggers P, Meyer-Lindenberg A. In vivo investigation of open-pored magnesium scaffolds LAE442 with different coatings in an open wedge defect. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2022; 20:22808000221142679. [PMID: 36545893 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221142679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The magnesium alloy LAE442 showed promising results as a bone substitute in numerous studies in non-weight bearing bone defects. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo behavior of wedge-shaped open-pored LAE442 scaffolds modified with two different coatings (magnesium fluoride (MgF2, group 1)) or magnesium fluoride/calcium phosphate (MgF2/CaP, group 2)) in a partial weight-bearing rabbit tibia defect model. The implantation of the scaffolds was performed as an open wedge corrective osteotomy in the tibia of 40 rabbits and followed for observation periods of 6, 12, 24, and 36 weeks. Radiological and microcomputed tomographic examinations were performed in vivo. X-ray microscopic, histological, histomorphometric, and SEM/EDS analyses were performed at the end of each time period. µCT measurements and X-ray microscopy showed a slight decrease in volume and density of the scaffolds of both coatings. Histologically, endosteal and periosteal callus formation with good bridging and stabilization of the osteotomy gap and ingrowth of bone into the scaffold was seen. The MgF2 coating favored better bridging of the osteotomy gap and more bone-scaffold contacts, especially at later examination time points. Overall, the scaffolds of both coatings met the requirement to withstand the loads after an open wedge corrective osteotomy of the proximal rabbit tibia. However, in addition to the inhomogeneous degradation behavior of individual scaffolds, an accumulation of gas appeared, so the scaffold material should be revised again regarding size dimension and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Schmidt
- Clinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anja-Christina Waselau
- Clinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franziska Feichtner
- Clinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Julmi
- Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Garbsen, Germany
| | - Christian Klose
- Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Garbsen, Germany
| | - Hans Jürgen Maier
- Institut für Werkstoffkunde (Materials Science), Leibniz Universität Hannover, Garbsen, Germany
| | - Peter Wriggers
- Institute of Continuum Mechanics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Garbsen, Germany
| | - Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg
- Clinic of Small Animal Surgery and Reproduction, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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[Application progress of implantation in surgical treatment of cervical tuberculosis]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2022; 36:122-126. [PMID: 35038810 PMCID: PMC8844622 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the characteristics and applications of different implantation in cervical tuberculosis surgery and the research progress of the new implantation. METHODS By consulting relevant domestic and foreign research literature on cervical tuberculosis, the classification, advantages, disadvantages, and prospects of implantations were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS The incidence of cervical tuberculosis has increased recently and has a high disability rate. Currently, the implantation in the surgical treatment of cervical tuberculosis are mainly divided into bone materials, metal materials, and bioactive materials; the above materials have their own advantages and disadvantages, for example, the amount of autologous bone is limited, the complications of allogeneic bone are common, and the bone fusion effect of metal materials is poor. With the development of science and technology, the implantation are also more diverse. CONCLUSION The choice of the implantation affects the bone fusion directly, furthermore, it affects the effectiveness of cervical tuberculosis, the development of new implantation provides a variety of options for the treatment of cervical tuberculosis.
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Sun Y, Helmholz H, Will O, Damm T, Wiese B, Luczak M, Peschke E, Luthringer-Feyerabend B, Ebel T, Hövener JB, Glüer C, Willumeit-Römer R. Dynamic in vivo monitoring of fracture healing process in response to magnesium implant with multimodal imaging: Pilot longitudinal study in a rat external fixation model. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1532-1543. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00051b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rodent models are commonly used in pre-clinical research of magnesium (Mg) -based and other types of biomaterials for fracture treatment. Most studies selected unstable fixation methods, and there is a...
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48
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Klíma K, Ulmann D, Bartoš M, Španko M, Dušková J, Vrbová R, Pinc J, Kubásek J, Vlk M, Ulmannová T, Foltán R, Brizman E, Drahoš M, Beňo M, Machoň V, Čapek J. A Complex Evaluation of the In-Vivo Biocompatibility and Degradation of an Extruded ZnMgSr Absorbable Alloy Implanted into Rabbit Bones for 360 Days. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413444. [PMID: 34948238 PMCID: PMC8706155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of trauma in medicine brings with it new demands on the materials used for the surgical treatment of bone fractures. Titanium, its alloys, and steel are used worldwide in the treatment of skeletal injuries. These metallic materials, although inert, are often removed after the injured bone has healed. The second-stage procedure—the removal of the plates and screws—can overwhelm patients and overload healthcare systems. The development of suitable absorbable metallic materials would help us to overcome these issues. In this experimental study, we analyzed an extruded Zn-0.8Mg-0.2Sr (wt.%) alloy on a rabbit model. From this alloy we developed screws which were implanted into the rabbit tibia. After 120, 240, and 360 days, we tested the toxicity at the site of implantation and also within the vital organs: the liver, kidneys, and brain. The results were compared with a control group, implanted with a Ti-based screw and sacrificed after 360 days. The samples were analyzed using X-ray, micro-CT, and a scanning electron microscope. Chemical analysis revealed only small concentrations of zinc, strontium, and magnesium in the liver, kidneys, and brain. Histologically, the alloy was verified to possess very good biocompatibility after 360 days, without any signs of toxicity at the site of implantation. We did not observe raised levels of Sr, Zn, or Mg in any of the vital organs when compared with the Ti group at 360 days. The material was found to slowly degrade in vivo, forming solid corrosion products on its surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Klíma
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Dan Ulmann
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Martin Bartoš
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Michal Španko
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
- Department of Anatomy, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Dušková
- Department of Pathology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Radka Vrbová
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Jan Pinc
- Department of Functional Materials, FZU-The Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiří Kubásek
- Department of Metals and Corrosion Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| | - Marek Vlk
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Tereza Ulmannová
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - René Foltán
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Eitan Brizman
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Milan Drahoš
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Michal Beňo
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Vladimír Machoň
- Department of Stomatology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.K.); (D.U.); (M.B.); (M.Š.); (R.V.); (M.V.); (T.U.); (R.F.); (E.B.); (M.D.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Jaroslav Čapek
- Department of Functional Materials, FZU-The Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 1999/2, 182 21 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
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Mechanical Behavior and In Vitro Corrosion of Cubic Scaffolds of Pure Magnesium Processed by Severe Plastic Deformation. METALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/met11111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Reports in the literature show that severe plastic deformation can improve mechanical strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance of pure magnesium, which suggests good performance for biodegradable applications. However, the reported results were based on testing of small samples on limited directions. The present study reports compression testing of larger samples, at different directions, in pure magnesium processed by hot rolling, equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), and high pressure torsion (HPT). The results show that severe plastic deformation through ECAP and HPT reduces anisotropy and increases strength and strain rate sensitivity. Also, scaffolds were fabricated from the material with different processing histories and immersed in Hank’s solution for up to 14 days. The as-cast material displays higher corrosion rate and localized corrosion and it is reported that severe plastic deformation induces uniform corrosion and reduces the corrosion rate.
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Sun H, Wang Y, Sun C, Yu H, Xi Z, Liu N, Zhang N. In vivo comparison of the degradation and osteointegration properties of micro-arc oxidation-coated Mg-Sr and Mg-Ca alloy scaffolds. Biomed Mater Eng 2021; 33:209-219. [PMID: 34744060 DOI: 10.3233/bme-211300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) alloy have biodegradation and mechanical properties that are similar to those of human bone, making it a promising candidate material for inclusion in implantable medical devices. OBJECTIVE The osteointegration effect of Mg alloy scaffolds with different corrosion rates were studied and evaluated in large bone defect models. METHOD Mg-Sr and Mg-Ca alloy scaffolds with a 20-μm Micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coating were used to repair critical bone defects for subsequent assessment of each alloy's degradation and osteointegration by X-ray, Micro-CT, fluorescence and histological examination. RESULTS At 12 weeks post-implantation, each defect was found to be effectively reconstructed by either of the Mg alloys based on X-ray and Micro-CT images. The corrosion rate (CR) of each Mg alloy - as calculated based on micro-computed tomography information - demonstrated that the MAO coating could provide effective protection for only 4 weeks post-surgery. From weeks 8 to 12, the CR of the Mg-Ca alloy scaffold increased from 1.34 ± 0.23 mm/y to 1.57 ± 0.16 mm/y. In contrast, the CR of the Mg-Sr alloy scaffold decreased from 0.58 ± 0.14 mm/y to 0.54 ± 0.16 mm/y. However, fluorescence and histological examination revealed more mature, closely and regularly arranged newborn osteocytes at the Mg-Ca scaffold-fracture interface e from weeks 8 to 12 after surgery. RESULTS The Mg-Sr scaffold was more corrosion resistant and the Mg-Ca scaffold yielded a better overall repair, which indicates that the CR of magnesium alloys matches the rate of new bone formation and is the key to repair bone defects as a bone substitute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Chu Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Haiming Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Zheng Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China.,Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Xinhua Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
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