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Kellaway SC, Ullrich MM, Dziemidowicz K. Electrospun drug-loaded scaffolds for nervous system repair. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1965. [PMID: 38740385 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Nervous system injuries, encompassing peripheral nerve injury (PNI), spinal cord injury (SCI), and traumatic brain injury (TBI), present significant challenges to patients' wellbeing. Traditional treatment approaches have limitations in addressing the complexity of neural tissue regeneration and require innovative solutions. Among emerging strategies, implantable materials, particularly electrospun drug-loaded scaffolds, have gained attention for their potential to simultaneously provide structural support and controlled release of therapeutic agents. This review provides a thorough exploration of recent developments in the design and application of electrospun drug-loaded scaffolds for nervous system repair. The electrospinning process offers precise control over scaffold characteristics, including mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and topography, crucial for creating a conducive environment for neural tissue regeneration. The large surface area of the resulting fibrous networks enhances biomolecule attachment, influencing cellular behaviors such as adhesion, proliferation, and migration. Polymeric electrospun materials demonstrate versatility in accommodating a spectrum of therapeutics, from small molecules to proteins. This enables tailored interventions to accelerate neuroregeneration and mitigate inflammation at the injury site. A critical aspect of this review is the examination of the interplay between structural properties and pharmacological effects, emphasizing the importance of optimizing both aspects for enhanced therapeutic outcomes. Drawing upon the latest advancements in the field, we discuss the promising outcomes of preclinical studies using electrospun drug-loaded scaffolds for nervous system repair, as well as future perspectives and considerations for their design and implementation. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Kellaway
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mathilde M Ullrich
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
| | - Karolina Dziemidowicz
- Department of Pharmacology, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, London, United Kingdom
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Zhu H, Zhou L, Tang J, Xu Y, Wang W, Shi W, Li Z, Zhang L, Ding Z, Xi K, Gu Y, Chen L. Reactive Oxygen Species-Responsive Composite Fibers Regulate Oxidative Metabolism through Internal and External Factors to Promote the Recovery of Nerve Function. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401241. [PMID: 38660829 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It is challenging to sufficiently regulate endogenous neuronal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and reconstruct neural networks under spinal cord injury conditions. Here, hydrogel surface grafting and microsol electrospinning are used to construct a composite biomimetic scaffold with "external-endogenous" dual regulation of ROS. The outer hydrogel enhances local autophagy through responsive degradation and rapid release of rapamycin (≈80% within a week), neutralizing extracellular ROS and inhibiting endogenous ROS production, further reducing neuronal apoptosis. The inner directional fibers continuously supply brain-derived neurotrophic factors to guide axonal growth. The results of in vitro co-culturing show that the dual regulation of oxidative metabolism by the composite scaffold approximately doubles the neuronal autophagy level, reduces 60% of the apoptosis induced by oxidative stress, and increases the differentiation of neural stem cells into neuron-like cells by ≈2.5 times. The in vivo results show that the composite fibers reduce the ROS levels by ≈80% and decrease the formation of scar tissue. RNA sequencing results show that composite scaffolds upregulate autophagy-associated proteins, antioxidase genes, and axonal growth proteins. The developed composite biomimetic scaffold represents a therapeutic strategy to achieve neurofunctional recovery through programmed and accurate bidirectional regulation of the ROS cascade response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyi Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Jincheng Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yichang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiao Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Ziang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Lichen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Zhouye Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Kun Xi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Yong Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Orthopedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, P. R. China
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Wang Z, Shen Z, Liu A, Liang H, Li X, Guan L, Li L, Whittaker AK, Yin F, Yang B, Lin Q. Advancing Spinal Cord Injury Bioimaging and Repair with Multifunctional Gold Nanodots Tracking. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:18551-18563. [PMID: 38564314 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to play a critical role in the secondary cascade of spinal cord injury (SCI). The scavenging of ROS has emerged as a promising approach for alleviating acute SCI. Moreover, identifying the precise location of the SCI site remains challenging. Enhancing the visualization of the spinal cord and improving the ability to distinguish the lesion site are crucial for accurate and safe treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to develop a biomaterial that integrates diagnosis and treatment for SCI. Herein, ultra-small-sized gold nanodots (AuNDs) were designed for dual-mode imaging-guided precision treatment of SCI. The designed AuNDs demonstrate two important functions. First, they effectively scavenge ROS, inhibit oxidative stress, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and prevent apoptosis. This leads to a significant improvement in SCI repair and promotes a functional recovery after injury. Second, leveraging their excellent dual-mode imaging capabilities, the AuNDs enable rapid and accurate identification of SCI sites. The high contrast observed between the injured and adjacent uninjured areas highlights the tremendous potential of AuNDs for SCI detection. Overall, by integrating ROS scavenging and dual-mode imaging in a single biomaterial, our work on functionalized AuNDs provides a promising strategy for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhubin Shen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Annan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xingchen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Lequn Branch, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Fei Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Bai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Quan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Huang A, Huang Y, Yang W, Wang L, You R, Wang J, Yan S, Zhang Q. Fabrication of multifunctional silk nanofibril/hyaluronic acid scaffold for spinal cord repair. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130287. [PMID: 38373567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Bioactive scaffolds accurately mimicking the structure and composition of the extracellular matrix have garnered significant interest in tissue engineering. In this study, we developed a platform utilizing natural silk nanofibrils, hyaluronic acid, and basic fibroblast growth factor for the purpose of promoting spinal cord regeneration by creating an optimal microenvironment. The bioactive scaffold exhibited notable characteristics such as high porosity and hydrophilicity, attributed to its unique nanostructure, high connectivity, and polysaccharide composition. Furthermore, the pore size of the scaffold can be adjusted within the range of 90 μm to 120 μm by varying the content of hyaluronic acid. In vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells were seeded into the scaffold, demonstrating enhanced cell viability. The scaffold facilitated cell proliferation and migration. In vivo experiments on rats indicated that the scaffold had a beneficial impact on spinal cord regeneration, creating a conducive environment for motor function recovery of the rats. This effect may be attributed to the scaffold's ability to stimulate axon growth and neuronal survival, as well as inhibit the formation of glial scars, as evidenced by the decreased expression of growth associated protein-43, microtubule-associated protein 2, and neurofilament-200. This study presents a promising method to develop a feasible bioscaffold for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Renchuan You
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
| | - Jiannan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Silk Products in Medical and Health Use, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuqin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Silk Products in Medical and Health Use, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
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Anggraini D, Zhang T, Liu X, Okano K, Tanaka Y, Inagaki N, Li M, Hosokawa Y, Yamada S, Yalikun Y. Guided axon outgrowth of neurons by molecular gradients generated from femtosecond laser-fabricated micro-holes. Talanta 2024; 267:125200. [PMID: 37738745 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transplantation of scaffold-embedded guided neurons has been reported to increase neuronal regeneration following brain injury. However, precise axonal integration between host and transplant neurons to form functional synapses remains a major problem. Thus, a high-precision tool to actuate neuronal axon outgrowth in real-time conditions is required to attain robust axon regeneration. This study aims to establish a microfluidic platform for precise and real-time axon outgrowth guidance. METHODS A microfluidic device with a 4 μm thick thin-glass sheet as the neuron culture substrate is fabricated. Surface of the glass sheet is chemically modified to facilitate neuron attachment. Femtosecond (fs) laser is used to engrave the glass sheet to achieve micro-holes, where netrin-1 is released for directing the movement of the neuronal axon. RESULTS Numerical simulation and experimental data demonstrate that netrin-1 gradient is formed after it passes through the micro-hole. The neuronal response results show the outgrowth rate of the axon is significantly increased by netrin-1 gradient. Furthermore, a majority of neuronal axons exhibit guided outgrowth characterized by positive turning angles of axon displacement in the direction of netrin-1 gradients. CONCLUSION Integrating fs laser and microfluidic device facilitates controlled and instantaneous axon outgrowth in a non-invasive manner. SIGNIFICANCE The developed real-time microfluidic platform shows potential in the application for on-site neuronal transplantation, which is significant for the treatment of a range of neurological disorders and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Anggraini
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tianlong Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212100, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okano
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yo Tanaka
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Inagaki
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Ming Li
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, 2122, Australia
| | - Yoichiroh Hosokawa
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Sohei Yamada
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Yaxiaer Yalikun
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan; Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), RIKEN, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Haeri Moghaddam N, Hashamdar S, Hamblin MR, Ramezani F. Effects of Electrospun Nanofibers on Motor Function Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 2024; 181:96-106. [PMID: 37852475 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanofibers made by electrospinning have been used as bridging materials in animal models to regenerate nerves after spinal cord injury (SCI). In this meta-analysis study, we investigated the effect of these nanofibers on the motor function of animals after SCI. An extensive search in databases was performed. After primary and secondary screening, data included functional behavior, expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament-200 (NF-200), and β-tubulin III were taken from the articles. The quality control of the articles, statistical analysis, and subgroup analysis were performed. The results from 14 articles and 16 separate experiments showed that electrospun nanofibers used alone could improve motor behavior and reduce glial injury after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Haeri Moghaddam
- Men's Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Hashamdar
- Physics Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Liu Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Ding W. The growth status and functions of olfactory ensheathing cells cultured on randomly oriented and aligned type-I-collagen-based nanofibrous scaffolds. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:035101. [PMID: 37905427 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad02a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Aim. The potential of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) as a cell therapy for spinal cord reconstruction and regeneration after injury has drawn significant attention in recent years. This study attempted to investigate the influences of nano-fibrous scaffolds on the growth status and functional properties of OECs.Methods.The ultra-morphology of the scaffolds was visualized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To culture OECs, donated cells were subcultured and identified with p75. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and survival rates were measured through MTT assay, Annexin-V/PI staining, and p75 cell counting, respectively. The adhesion of cells cultured on scaffolds was observed using SEM. Additionally, the functions of OECs cultured on scaffolds were assessed by testing gene expression levels through real time polymerase chain reaction.Results.The electrospun type I collagen-based nano-fibers exhibited a smooth surface and uniform distribution. It was indicated that the proliferation and survival rates of OECs cultured on both randomly oriented and aligned type I collagen-based nano-fibrous scaffolds were higher than those observed in the collagen-coated control. Conversely, apoptosis rates were lower in cells cultured on scaffolds. Furthermore, OEC adhesion was better on the scaffolds than on the control. The expression levels of target genes were significantly elevated in cells cultured on scaffolds versus the controls.Conclusion.As a whole, the utilization of aligned collagen nanofibers has demonstrated significant advantages in promoting cell growth and improving cell function. These findings have important implications for the field of regenerative medicine and suggest that the approach may hold promise for the future therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugang Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, 81 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, 81 Congtai Road, Handan, 056002, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihui Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Ding
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139 Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People's Republic of China
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Saksena J, Hamilton AE, Gilbert RJ, Zuidema JM. Nanomaterial payload delivery to central nervous system glia for neural protection and repair. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1266019. [PMID: 37941607 PMCID: PMC10628439 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1266019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) glia, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes, play prominent roles in traumatic injury and degenerative disorders. Due to their importance, active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are being developed to modulate CNS glia in order to improve outcomes in traumatic injury and disease. While many of these APIs show promise in vitro, the majority of APIs that are systemically delivered show little penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) and into the CNS, rendering them ineffective. Novel nanomaterials are being developed to deliver APIs into the CNS to modulate glial responses and improve outcomes in injury and disease. Nanomaterials are attractive options as therapies for central nervous system protection and repair in degenerative disorders and traumatic injury due to their intrinsic capabilities in API delivery. Nanomaterials can improve API accumulation in the CNS by increasing permeation through the BBB of systemically delivered APIs, extending the timeline of API release, and interacting biophysically with CNS cell populations due to their mechanical properties and nanoscale architectures. In this review, we present the recent advances in the fields of both locally implanted nanomaterials and systemically administered nanoparticles developed for the delivery of APIs to the CNS that modulate glial activity as a strategy to improve outcomes in traumatic injury and disease. We identify current research gaps and discuss potential developments in the field that will continue to translate the use of glia-targeting nanomaterials to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Saksena
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Adelle E. Hamilton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Ryan J. Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Albany Stratton Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Zuidema
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Rahmanian M, Ghahremani A, Kesharwani P, Oroojalian F, Sahebkar A. Nanomedicine innovations in spinal cord injury management: Bridging the gap. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116563. [PMID: 37423366 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) has devastating effects on a person's physical, social, and professional well-being. It is a life-altering neurological condition that significantly impacts individuals and their caregivers on a socioeconomic level. Recent advancements in medical therapy have greatly improved the diagnosis, stability, survival rates, and overall well-being of SCI patients. However, there are still limited options available for enhancing neurological outcomes in these patients. The complex pathophysiology of SCI, along with the numerous biochemical and physiological changes that occur in the damaged spinal cord, contribute to this gradual improvement. Currently, there are no therapies that offer the possibility of recovery for SCI, although several therapeutic approaches are being developed. However, these therapies are still in the early stages and have not yet demonstrated effectiveness in repairing the damaged fibers, which hinders cellular regeneration and the full restoration of motor and sensory functions. Considering the importance of nanotechnology and tissue engineering in treating neural tissue injuries, this review focuses on the latest advancements in nanotechnology for SCI therapy and tissue healing. It examines research articles from the PubMed database that specifically address SCI in the field of tissue engineering, with an emphasis on nanotechnology as a therapeutic approach. The review evaluates the biomaterials used for treating this condition and the techniques employed to create nanostructured biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Rahmanian
- School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Amirali Ghahremani
- Department of Neurology, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnord, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Varlamova EG, Plotnikov EY, Baimler IV, Gudkov SV, Turovsky EA. Pilot Study of Cytoprotective Mechanisms of Selenium Nanorods (SeNrs) under Ischemia-like Conditions on Cortical Astrocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12217. [PMID: 37569591 PMCID: PMC10419292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoprotective properties of the trace element selenium, its nanoparticles, and selenium nanocomplexes with active compounds are shown using a number of models. To date, some molecular mechanisms of the protective effect of spherical selenium nanoparticles under the action of ischemia/reoxygenation on brain cells have been studied. Among other things, the dependence of the effectiveness of the neuroprotective properties of nanoselenium on its diameter, pathways, and efficiency of penetration into astrocytes was established. In general, most research in the field of nanomedicine is focused on the preparation and study of spherical nanoparticles of various origins due to the ease of their preparation; in addition, spherical nanoparticles have a large specific surface area. However, obtaining and studying the mechanisms of action of nanoparticles of a new form are of great interest since nanorods, having all the positive properties of spherical nanoparticles, will also have a number of advantages. Using the laser ablation method, we managed to obtain and characterize selenium nanorods (SeNrs) with a length of 1 μm and a diameter of 100 nm. Using fluorescence microscopy and inhibitory analysis, we were able to show that selenium nanorods cause the generation of Ca2+ signals in cortical astrocytes in an acute experiment through the mobilization of Ca2+ ions from the thapsigargin-sensitive pool of the endoplasmic reticulum. Chronic use of SeNrs leads to a change in the expression pattern of genes encoding proteins that regulate cell fate and protect astrocytes from ischemia-like conditions and reoxygenation through the inhibition of a global increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i). An important component of the cytoprotective effect of SeNrs during ischemia/reoxygenation is the induction of reactive A2-type astrogliosis in astrocytes, leading to an increase in both baseline and ischemia/reoxygenation-induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity and suppression of necrosis and apoptosis. The key components of this cytoprotective action of SeNrs are the actin-dependent process of endocytosis of nanoparticles into cells and activation of the Ca2+ signaling system of astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G. Varlamova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya V. Baimler
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilovest., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Sergey V. Gudkov
- Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 38 Vavilovest., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (I.V.B.); (S.V.G.)
| | - Egor A. Turovsky
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
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11
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Tran KA, DeOre BJ, Ikejiani D, Means K, Paone LS, De Marchi L, Suprewicz Ł, Koziol K, Bouyer J, Byfield FJ, Jin Y, Georges P, Fischer I, Janmey PA, Galie PA. Matching mechanical heterogeneity of the native spinal cord augments axon infiltration in 3D-printed scaffolds. Biomaterials 2023; 295:122061. [PMID: 36842339 PMCID: PMC10292106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds delivered to injured spinal cords to stimulate axon connectivity often match the anisotropy of native tissue using guidance cues along the rostral-caudal axis, but current approaches do not mimic the heterogeneity of host tissue mechanics. Although white and gray matter have different mechanical properties, it remains unclear whether tissue mechanics also vary along the length of the cord. Mechanical testing performed in this study indicates that bulk spinal cord mechanics do differ along anatomical level and that these differences are caused by variations in the ratio of white and gray matter. These results suggest that scaffolds recreating the heterogeneity of spinal cord tissue mechanics must account for the disparity between gray and white matter. Digital light processing (DLP) provides a means to mimic spinal cord topology, but has previously been limited to printing homogeneous mechanical properties. We describe a means to modify DLP to print scaffolds that mimic spinal cord mechanical heterogeneity caused by variation in the ratio of white and gray matter, which improves axon infiltration compared to controls exhibiting homogeneous mechanical properties. These results demonstrate that scaffolds matching the mechanical heterogeneity of white and gray matter improve the effectiveness of biomaterials transplanted within the injured spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiet A Tran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Brandon J DeOre
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - David Ikejiani
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kristen Means
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louis S Paone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Laura De Marchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Łukasz Suprewicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarina Koziol
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA
| | - Julien Bouyer
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Fitzroy J Byfield
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Penelope Georges
- Council on Science and Technology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Itzhak Fischer
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter A Galie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, USA.
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12
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Rahimi B, Behroozi Z, Motamednezhad A, Jafarpour M, Hamblin MR, Moshiri A, Janzadeh A, Ramezani F. Study of nerve cell regeneration on nanofibers containing cerium oxide nanoparticles in a spinal cord injury model in rats. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:9. [PMID: 36809518 PMCID: PMC9944598 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06711-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the CNS is unable to repair itself via neuronal regeneration in adult mammals, alternative therapies need to be found. The use of cerium oxide nanoparticles to repair nerve damage could be a promising approach for spinal cord reconstruction. In this study, we constructed a scaffold containing cerium oxide nanoparticles (Scaffold-CeO2) and investigated the rate of nerve cell regeneration in a rat model of spinal cord injury. The scaffold of gelatin and polycaprolactone was synthesized, and a gelatin solution containing cerium oxide nanoparticles was attached to the scaffold. For the animal study, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10): (a) Control; (b) Spinal cord injury (SCI); (c) Scaffold (SCI + scaffold without CeO2 nanoparticles); (d) Scaffold-CeO2 (SCI + scaffold containing CeO2 nanoparticles). After creation of a hemisection SCI, scaffolds were placed at the site of injury in groups c and d, and after 7 weeks the rats were subjected to behavioral tests and then sacrificed for preparation of the spinal cord tissue to measure the expression of G-CSF, Tau and Mag proteins by Western blotting and Iba-1 protein by immunohistochemistry. The result of behavioral tests confirmed motor improvement and pain reduction in the Scaffold-CeO2 group compared to the SCI group. Decreased expression of Iba-1 and higher expression of Tau and Mag in the Scaffold-CeO2 group compared to the SCI group could be the result of nerve regeneration caused by the scaffold containing CeONPs as well as relief of pain symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Rahimi
- Department of basic sciences, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Zahra Behroozi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Motamednezhad
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Jafarpour
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Feng C, Deng L, Yong YY, Wu JM, Qin DL, Yu L, Zhou XG, Wu AG. The Application of Biomaterials in Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:816. [PMID: 36614259 PMCID: PMC9821025 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The spinal cord and the brain form the central nervous system (CNS), which is the most important part of the body. However, spinal cord injury (SCI) caused by external forces is one of the most difficult types of neurological injury to treat, resulting in reduced or even absent motor, sensory and autonomic functions. It leads to the reduction or even disappearance of motor, sensory and self-organizing nerve functions. Currently, its incidence is increasing each year worldwide. Therefore, the development of treatments for SCI is urgently needed in the clinic. To date, surgery, drug therapy, stem cell transplantation, regenerative medicine, and rehabilitation therapy have been developed for the treatment of SCI. Among them, regenerative biomaterials that use tissue engineering and bioscaffolds to transport cells or drugs to the injured site are considered the most promising option. In this review, we briefly introduce SCI and its molecular mechanism and summarize the application of biomaterials in the repair and regeneration of tissue in various models of SCI. However, there is still limited evidence about the treatment of SCI with biomaterials in the clinic. Finally, this review will provide inspiration and direction for the future study and application of biomaterials in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - An-Guo Wu
- Sichuan Key Medical Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Drugability Evaluation, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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14
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Huang T, Wu J, Mu J, Gao J. Advanced Therapies for Traumatic Central Nervous System Injury: Delivery Strategy Reinforced Efficient Microglial Manipulation. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:41-56. [PMID: 36469398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic central nervous system (CNS) injuries, including spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury, are challenging enemies of human health. Microglia, the main component of the innate immune system in CNS, can be activated postinjury and are key participants in the pathological procedure and development of CNS trauma. Activated microglia can be typically classified into pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes. Reducing M1 polarization while promoting M2 polarization is thought to be promising for CNS injury treatment. However, obstacles such as the low permeability of the blood-brain barrier and short retention time in circulation limit the therapeutic outcomes of administrated drugs, and rational delivery strategies are necessary for efficient microglial regulation. To this end, proper administration methods and delivery systems like nano/microcarriers and scaffolds are investigated to augment the therapeutic effects of drugs, while some of these delivery systems have self-efficacies in microglial manipulation. Besides, systems based on cell and cell-derived exosomes also show impressive effects, and some underlying targeting mechanisms of these delivery systems have been discovered. In this review, we introduce the roles of microglia play in traumatic CNS injuries, discuss the potential targets for the polarization regulation of microglial phenotype, and summarize recent studies and clinical trials about delivery strategies on enhancing the effect of microglial regulation and therapeutic outcome, as well as targeting mechanisms post CNS trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchen Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiahe Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer, Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jiafu Mu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.,Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321002, China
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15
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Almeida F, Marques S, Santos A, Prins C, Cardoso F, Heringer L, Mendonça H, Martinez A. Molecular approaches for spinal cord injury treatment. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:23-30. [PMID: 35799504 PMCID: PMC9241396 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.344830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Injuries to the spinal cord result in permanent disabilities that limit daily life activities. The main reasons for these poor outcomes are the limited regenerative capacity of central neurons and the inhibitory milieu that is established upon traumatic injuries. Despite decades of research, there is still no efficient treatment for spinal cord injury. Many strategies are tested in preclinical studies that focus on ameliorating the functional outcomes after spinal cord injury. Among these, molecular compounds are currently being used for neurological recovery, with promising results. These molecules target the axon collapsed growth cone, the inhibitory microenvironment, the survival of neurons and glial cells, and the re-establishment of lost connections. In this review we focused on molecules that are being used, either in preclinical or clinical studies, to treat spinal cord injuries, such as drugs, growth and neurotrophic factors, enzymes, and purines. The mechanisms of action of these molecules are discussed, considering traumatic spinal cord injury in rodents and humans.
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16
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Song X, Li M, Feng X, Liu J, Ji H, Gu J. Thermosensitive hydrogel-mediated sphere/fiber multi-dimensional composite nanotube with controlled release of NGF for improved spinal cord injury repair. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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17
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Wang Y, Luo W, Lin F, Liu W, Gu R. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate selenium nanoparticles for neuroprotection by scavenging reactive oxygen species and reducing inflammation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:989602. [PMID: 36159667 PMCID: PMC9493277 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.989602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severely crippling injury. Scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressing inflammation to ameliorate secondary injury using biomaterials has turned into a promising strategy for SCI recuperation. Herein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate selenium nanoparticles (EGCG-Se NP) that scavenge ROS and attenuate inflammation were used for neuroprotection in SCI. Methods: EGCG-Se NP were arranged using a simple redox framework. The size, morphology, and chemical structure of the EGCG-Se NP were characterized. The protective effect of EGCG-Se NP for neuroprotection was examined in cell culture and in an SCI rat model. Results: EGCG-Se NP could promptly scavenge excess ROS and safeguard PC12 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative harm in vitro. After intravenous delivery in SCI rats, EGCG-Se NP significantly improved locomotor capacity and diminished the injury region by safeguarding neurons and myelin sheaths. Component studies showed that the main restorative impact of EGCG-Se NP was due to their ROS-scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties. Conclusion: This study showed the superior neuroprotective effect of EGCG-Se NP through ROS sequestration and anti-inflammatory capabilities. EGCG-Se NP could be a promising and effective treatment for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rui Gu
- *Correspondence: Wanguo Liu, ; Rui Gu,
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18
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Zarepour A, Bal Öztürk A, Koyuncu Irmak D, Yaşayan G, Gökmen A, Karaöz E, Zarepour A, Zarrabi A, Mostafavi E. Combination Therapy Using Nanomaterials and Stem Cells to Treat Spinal Cord Injuries. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 177:224-240. [PMID: 35850168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a part of the central nervous system, the spinal cord (SC) provides most of the communications between the brain and other parts of the body. Any damage to SC interrupts this communication, leading to serious problems, which may remain for the rest of their life. Due to its significant impact on patients' quality of life and its exorbitant medical costs, SC injury (SCI) is known as one of the most challengeable diseases in the world. Thus, it is critical to introduce highly translatable therapeutic platforms for SCI treatment. So far, different strategies have been introduced, among which utilizing various types of stem cells is one of the most interesting ones. The capability of stem cells to differentiate into several types of cell lines makes them promising candidates for the regeneration of injured tissues. One of the other interesting and novel strategies for SCI treatment is the application of nanomaterials, which could appear as a carrier for therapeutic agents or as a platform for culturing the cells. Combining these two approaches, stem cells and nanomaterials, could provide promising therapeutic strategies for SCI management. Accordingly, in this review we have summarized some of the recent advancements in which the applications of different types of stem cells and nanomaterials, alone and in combination forms, were evaluated for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezou Zarepour
- Radiology Department, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ayça Bal Öztürk
- Department of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Health Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Zeytinburnu, Turkey
| | | | - Gökçen Yaşayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aylin Gökmen
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Bahcesehir University, Besiktas, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Liv Hospital, Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Manufacturing (LivMedCell), İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Atefeh Zarepour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey.
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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19
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Lv Z, Dong C, Zhang T, Zhang S. Hydrogels in Spinal Cord Injury Repair: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:931800. [PMID: 35800332 PMCID: PMC9253563 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.931800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traffic accidents and falling objects are responsible for most spinal cord injuries (SCIs). SCI is characterized by high disability and tends to occur among the young, seriously affecting patients' lives and quality of life. The key aims of repairing SCI include preventing secondary nerve injury, inhibiting glial scarring and inflammatory response, and promoting nerve regeneration. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and degradability, low immunogenicity, and easy-to-adjust mechanical properties. While providing structural scaffolds for tissues, hydrogels can also be used as slow-release carriers in neural tissue engineering to promote cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, as well as accelerate the repair of damaged tissue. This review discusses the characteristics of hydrogels and their advantages as delivery vehicles, as well as expounds on the progress made in hydrogel therapy (alone or combined with cells and molecules) to repair SCI. In addition, we discuss the prospects of hydrogels in clinical research and provide new ideas for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenshan Lv
- The Department of Spinal Surgery, 1st Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spine Cord Injury, Changchun, China
| | - Chao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianjiao Zhang
- Medical Insurance Management Department, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shaokun Zhang
- The Department of Spinal Surgery, 1st Hospital, Jilin University, Jilin Engineering Research Center for Spine and Spine Cord Injury, Changchun, China
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20
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Novel Strategies for Spinal Cord Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094552. [PMID: 35562941 PMCID: PMC9102050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most devastating lesions, as it can damage the continuity and conductivity of the central nervous system, resulting in complex pathophysiology. Encouraged by the advances in nanotechnology, stem cell biology, and materials science, researchers have proposed various interdisciplinary approaches for spinal cord regeneration. In this respect, the present review aims to explore the most recent developments in SCI treatment and spinal cord repair. Specifically, it briefly describes the characteristics of SCIs, followed by an extensive discussion on newly developed nanocarriers (e.g., metal-based, polymer-based, liposomes) for spinal cord delivery, relevant biomolecules (e.g., growth factors, exosomes) for SCI treatment, innovative cell therapies, and novel natural and synthetic biomaterial scaffolds for spinal cord regeneration.
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21
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Cheng Y, Zhang Y, Wu H. Polymeric Fibers as Scaffolds for Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:807533. [PMID: 35223816 PMCID: PMC8864123 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.807533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex neurological condition caused by trauma, inflammation, and other diseases, which often leads to permanent changes in strength and sensory function below the injured site. Changes in the microenvironment and secondary injuries continue to pose challenges for nerve repair and recovery after SCI. Recently, there has been progress in the treatment of SCI with the use of scaffolds for neural tissue engineering. Polymeric fibers fabricated by electrospinning have been increasingly used in SCI therapy owing to their biocompatibility, complex porous structure, high porosity, and large specific surface area. Polymer fibers simulate natural extracellular matrix of the nerve fiber and guide axon growth. Moreover, multiple channels of polymer fiber simulate the bundle of nerves. Polymer fibers with porous structure can be used as carriers loaded with drugs, nerve growth factors and cells. As conductive fibers, polymer fibers have electrical stimulation of nerve function. This paper reviews the fabrication, characterization, and application in SCI therapy of polymeric fibers, as well as potential challenges and future perspectives regarding their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanpei Cheng
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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22
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Gold nanorods decorated polycaprolactone/cellulose acetate hybrid scaffold for PC12 cells proliferation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:511-520. [PMID: 35240215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic and natural polymers have recently received considerable attention due to the exclusive potential for supporting the regenerative cellular processes in peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). Gold nanorods (GNRs) decorated polycaprolactone (PCL)/cellulose acetate (CA) nanocomposite (PCL/CA/GNR) were fabricated via electrospinning to improve PC12 cells attachment and growth or scaffold cues. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) corroborated the GNR distribution (23 ± 2 nm length and 3/1 Aspect ratio) and suitable average dimension of 800 nm for the fibers; also, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) represented block-free and smooth fibers without perturbation. Because of gold nanorods incorporation, electrical conductivity of PCL/CA/GNR increased ~21%. Water contact angle data emphasized PCL/CA/GNR surface is more wettable that PCL/CA (<90° at 62 s). Real-time PCR technique (RT-PCR) demonstrated overexpression of β-tubulin and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) on PCL/CA/GNR compared to PCL/CA composite. Additionally, evaluated of the maturation and neurogenic differentiation of PC12 cells emphasized overexpression of nestin and β-tubulin by Immunocytochemistry staining onto PCL/CA/GNR in comparison to PCL/CA composite. Notably, these recently developed hybrid scaffolds could be considered for peripheral nerve injury (PNI) regeneration.
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23
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Chen C, Xu HH, Liu XY, Zhang YS, Zhong L, Wang YW, Xu L, Wei P, Chen YX, Liu P, Hao CR, Jia XL, Hu N, Wu XY, Gu XS, Chen LQ, Li XH. 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying the secretome of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells ameliorated neurological dysfunction after spinal cord injury in rats. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac014. [PMID: 35480857 PMCID: PMC9036898 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Although implantation of biomaterials carrying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered as a promising strategy for ameliorating neural function after spinal cord injury (SCI), there are still some challenges including poor cell survival rate, tumorigenicity and ethics concerns. The performance of the secretome derived from MSCs was more stable, and its clinical transformation was more operable. Cytokine antibody array demonstrated that the secretome of MSCs contained 79 proteins among the 174 proteins analyzed. 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome improved hindlimb locomotor function according to the BBB scores, the inclined-grid climbing test and electrophysiological analysis. Parallel with locomotor function recovery, 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome could further facilitate nerve fiber regeneration, enhance remyelination and accelerate the establishment of synaptic connections at the injury site compared to 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds alone group according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion Tensor imaging (DTI), hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Bielschowsky’s silver staining immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These results indicated the implantation of 3D printed collagen/silk fibroin scaffolds carrying MSCs secretome might be a potential treatment for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Hai-Huan Xu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Repair, Pingjin Hospital Brain Center, Characteristic Medical Center of People’s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Hematology, the first affiliated hospital of Chengdu medical college, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - You-Wei Wang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Lin Xu
- Medical Psychology Section, Hubei General Hospital of Armed Police Force, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Pan Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital Of Long Quan yi District, Cheng Du 610000, Si Chuan, China
| | - Ya-Xing Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Medical School, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chen-Ru Hao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Li Jia
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610064, China
| | - Xiao-Song Gu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Li-Qun Chen
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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Zhou G, Wang Z, Han S, Chen X, Li Z, Hu X, Li Y, Gao J. Multifaceted Roles of cAMP Signaling in the Repair Process of Spinal Cord Injury and Related Combination Treatments. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:808510. [PMID: 35283731 PMCID: PMC8904388 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.808510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in multiple pathophysiological processes, including blood–spinal cord barrier disruption, hemorrhage/ischemia, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, scar formation, and demyelination. These responses eventually lead to severe tissue destruction and an inhibitory environment for neural regeneration.cAMP signaling is vital for neurite outgrowth and axonal guidance. Stimulating intracellular cAMP activity significantly promotes neuronal survival and axonal regrowth after SCI.However, neuronal cAMP levels in adult CNS are relatively low and will further decrease after injury. Targeting cAMP signaling has become a promising strategy for neural regeneration over the past two decades. Furthermore, studies have revealed that cAMP signaling is involved in the regulation of glial cell function in the microenvironment of SCI, including macrophages/microglia, reactive astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. cAMP-elevating agents in the post-injury milieu increase the cAMP levels in both neurons and glial cells and facilitate injury repair through the interplay between neurons and glial cells and ultimately contribute to better morphological and functional outcomes. In recent years, combination treatments associated with cAMP signaling have been shown to exert synergistic effects on the recovery of SCI. Agents carried by nanoparticles exhibit increased water solubility and capacity to cross the blood–spinal cord barrier. Implanted bioscaffolds and injected hydrogels are potential carriers to release agents locally to avoid systemic side effects. Cell transplantation may provide permissive matrices to synergize with the cAMP-enhanced growth capacity of neurons. cAMP can also induce the oriented differentiation of transplanted neural stem/progenitor cells into neurons and increase the survival rate of cell grafts. Emerging progress focused on cAMP compartmentation provides researchers with new perspectives to understand the complexity of downstream signaling, which may facilitate the clinical translation of strategies targeting cAMP signaling for SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Wang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyuan Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghui Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongning Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of International Medical Service, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Gao
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25
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Pinho TS, Cunha CB, Lanceros-Méndez S, Salgado AJ. Electroactive Smart Materials for Neural Tissue Regeneration. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6604-6618. [PMID: 35006964 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Repair in the human nervous system is a complex and intertwined process that offers significant challenges to its study and comprehension. Taking advantage of the progress in fields such as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the scientific community has witnessed a strong increase of biomaterial-based approaches for neural tissue regenerative therapies. Electroactive materials, increasingly being used as sensors and actuators, also find application in neurosciences due to their ability to deliver electrical signals to the cells and tissues. The use of electrical signals for repairing impaired neural tissue therefore presents an interesting and innovative approach to bridge the gap between fundamental research and clinical applications in the next few years. In this review, first a general overview of electroactive materials, their historical origin, and characteristics are presented. Then a comprehensive view of the applications of electroactive smart materials for neural tissue regeneration is presented, with particular focus on the context of spinal cord injury and brain repair. Finally, the major challenges of the field are discussed and the main challenges for the near future presented. Overall, it is concluded that electroactive smart materials play an ever-increasing role in neural tissue regeneration, appearing as potentially valuable biomaterials for regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany S Pinho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Cristiana B Cunha
- Stemmatters, Biotecnologia e Medicina Regenerativa SA, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez
- Center of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-058 Braga, Portugal.,BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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26
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Mousa AH, Agha Mohammad S, Rezk HM, Muzaffar KH, Alshanberi AM, Ansari SA. Nanoparticles in traumatic spinal cord injury: therapy and diagnosis. F1000Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.55472.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been previously employed for constructing drug delivery vehicles, biosensors, solar cells, lubricants and as antimicrobial agents. The advancement in synthesis procedure makes it possible to formulate nanoparticles (NPs) with precise control over physico-chemical and optical properties that are desired for specific clinical or biological applications. The surface modification technology has further added impetus to the specific applications of NPs by providing them with desirable characteristics. Hence, nanotechnology is of paramount importance in numerous biomedical and industrial applications due to their biocompatibility and stability even in harsh environments. Traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCIs) are one of the major traumatic injuries that are commonly associated with severe consequences to the patient that may reach to the point of paralysis. Several processes occurring at a biochemical level which exacerbate the injury may be targeted using nanotechnology. This review discusses possible nanotechnology-based approaches for the diagnosis and therapy of TSCI, which have a bright future in clinical practice.
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27
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Litowczenko J, Woźniak-Budych MJ, Staszak K, Wieszczycka K, Jurga S, Tylkowski B. Milestones and current achievements in development of multifunctional bioscaffolds for medical application. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:2412-2438. [PMID: 33553825 PMCID: PMC7847813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary field, which aims to restore or improve lost tissue function. Despite that TE was introduced more than 20 years ago, innovative and more sophisticated trends and technologies point to new challenges and development. Current challenges involve the demand for multifunctional bioscaffolds which can stimulate tissue regrowth by biochemical curves, biomimetic patterns, active agents and proper cell types. For those purposes especially promising are carefully chosen primary cells or stem cells due to its high proliferative and differentiation potential. This review summarized a variety of recently reported advanced bioscaffolds which present new functions by combining polymers, nanomaterials, bioactive agents and cells depending on its desired application. In particular necessity of study biomaterial-cell interactions with in vitro cell culture models, and studies using animals with in vivo systems were discuss to permit the analysis of full material biocompatibility. Although these bioscaffolds have shown a significant therapeutic effect in nervous, cardiovascular and muscle, tissue engineering, there are still many remaining unsolved challenges for scaffolds improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagoda Litowczenko
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta J. Woźniak-Budych
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Staszak
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, Poznan, Poland
| | - Karolina Wieszczycka
- Institute of Technology and Chemical Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, ul. Berdychowo 4, Poznan, Poland
| | - Stefan Jurga
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, Poznan, Poland
| | - Bartosz Tylkowski
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Chemical Technologies Unit, Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, Tarragona, 43007, Spain
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28
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Li Z, Mei S, Dong Y, She F, Li P, Li Y, Kong L. Multi-Functional Core-Shell Nanofibers for Wound Healing. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061546. [PMID: 34208135 PMCID: PMC8230886 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Core-shell nanofibers have great potential for bio-medical applications such as wound healing dressings where multiple drugs and growth factors are expected to be delivered at different healing phases. Compared to monoaxial nanofibers, core-shell nanofibers can control the drug release profile easier, providing sustainable and effective drugs and growth factors for wound healing. However, it is challenging to produce core-shell structured nanofibers with a high production rate at low energy consumption. Co-axial centrifugal spinning is an alternative method to address the above limitations to produce core-shell nanofibers effectively. In this study, a co-axial centrifugal spinning device was designed and assembled to produce core-shell nanofibers for controlling the release rate of ibuprofen and hEGF in inflammation and proliferation phases during the wound healing process. Core-shell structured nanofibers were confirmed by TEM. This work demonstrated that the co-axial centrifugal spinning is a high productivity process that can produce materials with a 3D environment mimicking natural tissue scaffold, and the specific drug can be loaded into different layers to control the drug release rate to improve the drug efficiency and promote wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; (Z.L.); (Y.D.)
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
- Foshan Green Intelligent Manufacturing Research Institute of Xiangtan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Shunqi Mei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; (Z.L.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (L.K.)
| | - Yajie Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Digital Textile Equipment, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China; (Z.L.); (Y.D.)
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
| | - Fenghua She
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
| | - Puwang Li
- South Subtropical Crop Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524091, China;
| | - Yongzhen Li
- Agricultural Product Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China;
| | - Lingxue Kong
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (L.K.)
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Muzzio N, Moya S, Romero G. Multifunctional Scaffolds and Synergistic Strategies in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:792. [PMID: 34073311 PMCID: PMC8230126 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13060792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing demand for organ replacements in a growing world with an aging population as well as the loss of tissues and organs due to congenital defects, trauma and diseases has resulted in rapidly evolving new approaches for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial component in tissues and organs that surrounds and acts as a physical environment for cells. Thus, ECM has become a model guide for the design and fabrication of scaffolds and biomaterials in TERM. However, the fabrication of a tissue/organ replacement or its regeneration is a very complex process and often requires the combination of several strategies such as the development of scaffolds with multiple functionalities and the simultaneous delivery of growth factors, biochemical signals, cells, genes, immunomodulatory agents, and external stimuli. Although the development of multifunctional scaffolds and biomaterials is one of the most studied approaches for TERM, all these strategies can be combined among them to develop novel synergistic approaches for tissue regeneration. In this review we discuss recent advances in which multifunctional scaffolds alone or combined with other strategies have been employed for TERM purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Muzzio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Sergio Moya
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Miramon 182 C, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain;
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University, Wszechnicy Piastowskiej 3, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Gabriela Romero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
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30
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Zhang X, Gong B, Zhai J, Zhao Y, Lu Y, Zhang L, Xue J. A Perspective: Electrospun Fibers for Repairing Spinal Cord Injury. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Cao J, Wu J, Mu J, Feng S, Gao J. The design criteria and therapeutic strategy of functional scaffolds for spinal cord injury repair. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4591-4606. [PMID: 34018520 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00361e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a therapeutic challenge in clinic. Current drug and cell therapeutics have obtained significant efficacy but are still in the early stages for complete neural and functional recovery. In the past few decades, functional scaffolds (FSs) have been rapidly developed to bridge the lesion and provide a framework for tissue regeneration in SCI repair. Moreover, a FS can act as an adjuvant for locally delivering drugs in the lesion with a designed drug release profile, and supplying a biomimetic environment for implanted cells. In this review, the design criteria of FSs for SCI treatment are summarized according to their biocompatibility, mechanical properties, morphology, architecture, and biodegradability. Subsequently, FSs designed for SCI repair in the scope of drug delivery, cell implantation and combination therapy are introduced, respectively. And how a FS promotes their therapeutic efficacy is analyzed. Finally, the challenges, perspectives, and potential of FSs for SCI treatment are discussed. Hopefully, this review may inspire the future development of potent FSs to facilitate SCI repair in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Jiahe Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Jiafu Mu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China.
| | - Shiqing Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China. and International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Spinal Cord Injury, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin, 300052, P.R. China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China. and Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P.R. China
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Xue W, Fan C, Chen B, Zhao Y, Xiao Z, Dai J. Direct neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells for spinal cord injury repair. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:1025-1032. [PMID: 33657255 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) typically results in long-lasting functional deficits, largely due to primary and secondary white matter damage at the site of injury. The transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has shown promise for re-establishing communications between separated regions of the spinal cord through the insertion of new neurons between the injured axons and target neurons. However, the inhibitory microenvironment that develops after SCI often causes endogenous and transplanted NSCs to differentiate into glial cells rather than neurons. Functional biomaterials have been shown to mitigate the effects of the adverse SCI microenvironment and promote the neuronal differentiation of NSCs. A clear understanding of the mechanisms of neuronal differentiation within the injury-induced microenvironment would likely allow for the development of treatment strategies designed to promote the innate ability of NSCs to differentiate into neurons. The increased differentiation of neurons may contribute to relay formation, facilitating functional recovery after SCI. In this review, we summarize current strategies used to enhance the neuronal differentiation of NSCs through the reconstruction of the SCI microenvironment and to improve the intrinsic neuronal differentiation abilities of NSCs, which is significant for SCI repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Caixia Fan
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yannan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface Research, Division of Nanobiomedicine, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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33
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Luo W, Wang Y, Lin F, Liu Y, Gu R, Liu W, Xiao C. Selenium-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Efficiently Ameliorate Secondary Spinal Cord Injury via Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:10113-10125. [PMID: 33363370 PMCID: PMC7754097 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s282985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) has been identified as a leading cause of secondary injury, which can significantly exacerbate acute damage in the injured spinal cord. Thus, scavenging of ROS has emerged as an effective route to ameliorate secondary spinal cord injury. Purpose Selenium-doped carbon quantum dots (Se-CQDs) with the ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species were prepared and used for efficiently ameliorating secondary injury in TSCI. Methods Water-soluble Se-CQDs were easily synthesized via hydrothermal treatment of l-selenocystine. The chemical structure, size, and morphology of the Se-CQDs were characterized in detail. The biocompatibility and protective effects of the Se-CQDs against H2O2-induced oxidative damage were investigated in vitro. Moreover, the behavioral test, bladder function, histological observation, Western blot were used to investigate the neuroprotective effect of Se-CQDs in a rat model of contusion TSCI. Results The obtained Se-CQDs exhibited good biocompatibility and remarkable protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in astrocytes and PC12 cells. Moreover, Se-CQDs displayed marked anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities, which thereby reduced the formation of glial scars and increased the survival of neurons with unscathed myelin sheaths in vivo. As a result, Se-CQDs were capable of largely improving locomotor function of rats with TSCI. Conclusion This study suggests that Se-CQDs can be used as a promising therapeutic platform for ameliorating secondary injury in TSCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Luo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanguo Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.,Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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34
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Abbas WA, Ibrahim ME, El-Naggar M, Abass WA, Abdullah IH, Awad BI, Allam NK. Recent Advances in the Regenerative Approaches for Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury: Materials Perspective. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:6490-6509. [PMID: 33320628 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating health condition that may lead to permanent disabilities and death. Understanding the pathophysiological perspectives of traumatic SCI is essential to define mechanisms that can help in designing recovery strategies. Since central nervous system tissues are notorious for their deficient ability to heal, efforts have been made to identify solutions to aid in restoration of the spinal cord tissues and thus its function. The two main approaches proposed to address this issue are neuroprotection and neuro-regeneration. Neuroprotection involves administering drugs to restore the injured microenvironment to normal after SCI. As for the neuro-regeneration approach, it focuses on axonal sprouting for functional recovery of the injured neural tissues and damaged axons. Despite the progress made in the field, neural regeneration treatment after SCI is still unsatisfactory owing to the disorganized way of axonal growth and extension. Nanomedicine and tissue engineering are considered promising therapeutic approaches that enhance axonal growth and directionality through implanting or injecting of the biomaterial scaffolds. One of these recent approaches is nanofibrous scaffolds that are used to provide physical support to maintain directional axonal growth in the lesion site. Furthermore, these preferable tissue-engineered substrates can afford axonal regeneration by mimicking the extracellular matrix of the neural tissues in terms of biological, chemical, and architectural characteristics. In this review, we discuss the regenerative approach using nanofibrous scaffolds with a focus on their fabrication methods and their properties that define their functionality performed to heal the neural tissue efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Abbas
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Maha E Ibrahim
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Manar El-Naggar
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Wessam A Abass
- Center of Sustainable Development, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Abdullah
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Basem I Awad
- Mansoura Experimental Research Center (MERC), Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nageh K Allam
- Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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35
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Zimmermann R, Vieira Alves Y, Sperling LE, Pranke P. Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:353-365. [PMID: 33135599 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) affects the central nervous system (CNS) and there is currently no treatment with the potential for rehabilitation. Although several clinical treatments have been developed, they are still at an early stage and have not shown success in repairing the broken fiber, which prevents cellular regeneration and integral restoration of motor and sensory functions. Considering the importance of nanotechnology and tissue engineering for neural tissue injuries, this review focuses on the latest advances in nanotechnology for SCI treatment and tissue repair. The PubMed database was used for the bibliographic survey. Initial research using the following keywords "tissue engineering and spinal cord injury" revealed 970 articles published in the last 10 years. The articles were further analyzed, excluding those not related to SCI or with results that did not pertain to the field of interest, including the reviews. It was observed that a total of 811 original articles used the quoted keywords. When the word "treatment" was added, 662 articles were found and among them, 529 were original ones. Finally, when the keywords "Nanotechnology and spinal cord injury" were used, 102 articles were found, 65 being original articles. A search concerning the biomaterials used for SCI found 700 articles with 589 original articles. A total of 107 articles were included in the discussion of this review and some are used for the theoretical framework. Recent progress in nanotechnology and tissue engineering has shown promise for repairing CNS damage. A variety of in vivo animal testing for SCI has been used with or without cells and some of these in vivo studies have shown successful results. However, there is no translation to humans using nanotechnology for SCI treatment, although there is one ongoing trial that employs a tissue engineering approach, among other technologies. The first human surgical scaffold implantation will elucidate the possibility of this use for further clinical trials. This review concludes that even though tissue engineering and nanotechnology are being investigated as a possibility for SCI treatment, tests with humans are still in the theoretical stage. Impact statement Thousands of people are affected by spinal cord injury (SCI) per year in the world. This type of lesion is one of the most severe conditions that can affect humans and usually causes permanent loss of strength, sensitivity, and motor function below the injury site. This article reviews studies on the PubMed database, assessing the publications on SCI in the study field of tissue engineering, focusing on the use of nanotechnology for the treatment of SCI. The review makes an evaluation of the biomaterials used for the treatment of this condition and the techniques applied for the production of nanostructured biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Zimmermann
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Yuri Vieira Alves
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura E Sperling
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Health School, Faculty of Medicine, UNISINOS, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Jiang J, Liu X, Chen H, Dai C, Niu X, Dai L, Chen X, Zhang S. 3D printing collagen/heparin sulfate scaffolds boost neural network reconstruction and motor function recovery after traumatic brain injury in canine. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:6362-6374. [PMID: 33026366 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01116a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is considered highly promising for the repair of traumatic brain injury (TBI), and accumulating evidence has proved the efficacy of biomaterials and 3D printing. Although collagen is famous for its natural properties, some defects still restrict its potential applications in tissue repair. In this experimental study, we fabricated a kind of scaffold with collagen and heparin sulfate via 3D printing, which possesses favorable physical properties and suitable degradation rate along with satisfactory cytocompatibility. After implantation, the results of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) showed that the latency and amplitude can both be improved in hemiplegic limbs, and the structural integrity of the cerebral cortex and corticospinal tract can be enhanced significantly under magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. Additionally, the results of in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunofluorescence staining also revealed the facilitating role of 3D printing collagen/heparin sulfate scaffolds on vascular and neural regeneration. Moreover, the individuals implanted with this kind of scaffold present better gait characteristics and preferable electromyography and myodynamia. In general, 3D printed collagen/heparin sulfate scaffolds have superb performance in both structural repair and functional improvement and may offer a new strategy for the repair of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Jiang
- Postgraduate School, Medical School of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, China.
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Saini V, Kaur T, Kalotra S, Kaur G. The neuroplasticity marker PSA-NCAM: Insights into new therapeutic avenues for promoting neuroregeneration. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Elnaggar MA, El-Fawal HAN, Allam NK. Biocompatible PCL-nanofibers scaffold with immobilized fibronectin and laminin for neuronal tissue regeneration. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 119:111550. [PMID: 33321614 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in regenerative medicine have given hope in overcoming and rehabilitating complex medical conditions. In this regard, the biopolymer poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) may be a promising candidate for tissue regeneration, despite lacking the essential bioactivity. The present study used PCL nanofibers (NFs) scaffold decorated with the extracellular matrix proteins fibronectin and laminin combined for neuronal regeneration. The potential for the dual proteins to support neuronal cells and promote axonal growth was investigated. Two NFs scaffolds were produced with PLC concentrations of 12% or 15%. Under scanning electron microscopy, both scaffolds evidenced uniform diameter distribution in the range of 358 nm and 887 nm, respectively, with >80% porosity. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) test confirmed that the fabricated NFs mats had a high surface area, especially for the 12% NFs with 652 m2/g compared to 254 m2/g for the 15% NFs. The proteins of interest were successfully conjugated to the 12% PCL scaffold through chemical carbodiimide reaction as confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The addition of fibronectin and laminin together was shown to be the most favorable for cellular attachment and elongation of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells compared to other formulations. Light microscopy revealed longer neurite outgrowth, higher cellular projected area, and lower shape index for the cells cultured on the combined proteins conjugated fibers, indicating enhanced cellular spread on the scaffold. This preliminary study suggests that PCL nanoscaffolding conjugated with matrix proteins can support neuronal cell viability and neurite growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar A Elnaggar
- Nanotechnology Program, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hassan A N El-Fawal
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Nageh K Allam
- Nanotechnology Program, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt; Energy Materials Laboratory, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt.
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Domínguez-Bajo A, González-Mayorga A, López-Dolado E, Munuera C, García-Hernández M, Serrano MC. Graphene Oxide Microfibers Promote Regenerative Responses after Chronic Implantation in the Cervical Injured Spinal Cord. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2401-2414. [PMID: 33455347 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is characterized by the disruption of neuronal axons and the creation of an inhibitory environment for spinal tissue regeneration. For decades, researchers and clinicians have been devoting a great effort to develop novel therapeutic approaches which include the fabrication of biocompatible implants that could guide neural tissue repair in the lesion site in an attempt to recover the functionality of the nervous tissue. In this context, although fiberlike structures have been hypothesized to serve as a topographical guidance for axonal regrowth, work on the exploration of this type of materials is still limited for SCI. Aiming to develop such guidance platforms, we recently designed and explored in vitro reduced graphene oxide materials in the shape of microfibers (rGO-MFs). After preliminary studies to assess the feasibility of their implantation at the injured spinal cord in vivo, no evident signs of subacute local toxicity were noticed (10 days of implantation). In this work, we specifically examine for the first time the regenerative potential of these scaffolds, slightly modified in their fabrication for improved reproducibility, when chronically interfaced with a cervical spinal cord injury. After extensive characterization of their physicochemical properties and in vitro experiments with neural progenitor cells, their neural regenerative capacity in vivo is investigated in a rat experimental model of SCI after 4 months of implantation (chronic state). Behavioral tests involving the use of forelimbs are performed. Immunofluorescence studies evidence that rGO-MFs scaffolds foster the presence of neuronal structures along with blood vessels both within the epicenter and in the surroundings of the lesion area. Moreover, the inflammatory response does not worsen by the presence of this material. These findings outline the potential of rGO-MF-based scaffolds to promote regenerative features at the injured spinal cord such as axonal and vascular growth. Further studies including biological functionalization might improve their therapeutic potential by a synergistic effect of topographical and chemical cues, thus boosting neural repair after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Domínguez-Bajo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ankor González-Mayorga
- Laboratory of Interfaces for Neural Repair, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Elisa López-Dolado
- Laboratory of Interfaces for Neural Repair, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos (HNP), Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Finca la Peraleda s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.,Research Unit of "Design and Development of Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration", HNP-SESCAM, Joint Research Unit with CSIC, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Carmen Munuera
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar García-Hernández
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Concepción Serrano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Yao Y, Ding J, Wang Z, Zhang H, Xie J, Wang Y, Hong L, Mao Z, Gao J, Gao C. ROS-responsive polyurethane fibrous patches loaded with methylprednisolone (MP) for restoring structures and functions of infarcted myocardium in vivo. Biomaterials 2019; 232:119726. [PMID: 31901502 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes, inflammation and myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, a ROS-responsive biodegradable elastomeric polyurethane containing thioketal (PUTK) linkages was synthesized from polycaprolactone diol (PCL-diol ), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), and ROS-cleavable chain extender. The PUTK was electrospun into fibrous patches with the option to load glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MP), which were then used to treat MI of rats in vivo. The fibrous patches exhibited suitable mechanical properties and high elasticity. The molecular weight of PUTK was decreased significantly after incubation in 1 mM H2O2 solution for 2 weeks due to the degradation of thioketal bonds on the polymer backbone. Both the PUTK and PUTK/MP fibrous patches showed good antioxidant property in an oxidative environment in vitro. Implantation of the ROS-responsive polyurethane patches in MI of rats in vivo could better protect cardiomyocytes from death in the earlier stage (24 h) than the non ROS-responsive ones. Implantation of the PUTK/MP fibrous patches for 28 days could effectively improve the reconstruction of cardiac functions including increased ejection fraction, decreased infarction size, and enhanced revascularization of the infarct myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejun Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jie Ding
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhaoyi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Haolan Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jieqi Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yingchao Wang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liangjie Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Kalotra S, Saini V, Singh H, Sharma A, Kaur G. 5-Nonyloxytryptamine oxalate-embedded collagen-laminin scaffolds augment functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1465:99-116. [PMID: 31800108 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Polysialic acid (PSA) is crucial for the induction and maintenance of nervous system plasticity and repair after injury. In order to exploit the immense therapeutic potential of PSA, previous studies have focused on the identification and development of peptide-based or synthetic PSA mimetics. 5-Nonyloxytryptamine (5-NOT) has been previously reported as a PSA-mimicking compound for promoting functional recovery after spinal cord injury in mice. In order to explore the neuroregeneration potential of 5-NOT, the current study was based on a biomaterial approach using collagen-laminin (C/L) scaffolds. In in vitro studies, 5-NOT was observed to promote neurite outgrowth, migration, and fasciculation in cerebellar neuronal cells, whereas in 3D cell cultures it showed more ramification and complex Sholl profiles. 5-NOT promoted the survival and neurite length of cortical neurons when cocultured with glutamate-challenged astrocytes. In in vivo studies, spinal cord compression injury mice were used with immediate application of C/L hydrogels impregnated with 5-NOT. C/L + 5-NOT-treated mice demonstrated ∼75% of motor recovery 14 days after injury. Furthermore, this effect was shown to be dependent on the ERK-MAPK pathway and augmentation of cell survival. Thus, based on a biomaterial approach, our current study provides new insight for 5-NOT-containing hydrogels as a promising candidate to speed up recovery after central nervous system injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Kalotra
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Vedangana Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Harpal Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Anuradha Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Gurcharan Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Regulation of autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells modulates therapeutic effects on spinal cord injury. Brain Res 2019; 1721:146321. [PMID: 31278935 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has shown beneficial effects in treating spinal cord injury. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process of degradation and recycling of cellular components that plays an important role in tissue homeostasis and cellular survival. Whether regulating autophagy in MSCs may affect their therapeutic potential in spinal cord injury repair has not yet been determined. In this study, autophagy was inhibited in MSCs with lentiviruses expressing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to knock down Becn-1 expression, and autophagy was upregulated in MSCs under nutrient starvation. These MSCs were then labelled with Hoechst and applied to spinal cord-injured rats to evaluate their therapeutic effects. After transplanting MSCs into rats with spinal cord injuries, functional recovery, immunohistochemistry, and remyelination analyses were performed. After inducing autophagy, the MSCs exhibited an accumulation of LC3-positive autophagosomes in the cytoplasm. The expression levels of neurotrophic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor, were significantly higher in autophagic MSCs than normal MSCs. The in vivo study showed that more labelled MSCs migrated to the lesion site after induction of autophagy. Inducing autophagy in MSCs promoted functional recovery after spinal cord injury, whereas functional recovery was weak after inhibiting autophagy in MSCs. In contrast to the autophagy inhibition group, transplanting autophagic MSCs exhibited a greater positive impact on axon regeneration, growth of serotonergic fibers, blood vessel regeneration, and myelination, indicating a multifactorial contribution to spinal cord injury repair. These results suggest that autophagy plays important roles in MSCs during spinal cord injury repair. Regulation of autophagy in MSCs before in vivo transplantation may be a potential therapeutic interventional strategy for spinal cord injury.
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Wang XJ, Shu GF, Xu XL, Peng CH, Lu CY, Cheng XY, Luo XC, Li J, Qi J, Kang XQ, Jin FY, Chen MJ, Ying XY, You J, Du YZ, Ji JS. Combinational protective therapy for spinal cord injury medicated by sialic acid-driven and polyethylene glycol based micelles. Biomaterials 2019; 217:119326. [PMID: 31288173 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to immediate disruption of neuronal membranes and loss of neurons, followed by extensive secondary injury process. Treatment of SCI still remains a tremendous challenge clinically. Minocycline could target comprehensive secondary injury via anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Polyethylene glycol (PEG), a known sealing agent, is able to seal the damaged cell membranes and reduce calcium influx, thereby exerting neuroprotective capacity. Here, an E-selectin-targeting sialic acid - polyethylene glycol - poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (SAPP) copolymer was designed for delivering hydrophobic minocycline to achieve combinational therapy of SCI. The obtained SAPP copolymer could self-assemble into micelles with critical micelle concentration being of 13.40 μg/mL, and effectively encapsulate hydrophobic minocycline. The prepared drug-loaded micelles (SAPPM) displayed sustained drug release over 72 h, which could stop microglia activation and exhibited excellent neuroprotective capacity in vitro. The SAPP micelles were efficiently accumulated in the lesion site of SCI rats via the specific binding between sialic acid and E-selectin. Due to the targeting distribution and combinational effect between PEG and minocycline, SAPPM could obviously reduce the area of lesion cavity, and realize more survival of axons and myelin sheaths from the injury, thus distinctly improving hindlimb functional recovery of SCI rats and conferring superior therapeutic effect in coparison with other groups. Our work presented an effective and safe strategy for SCI targeting therapy. Besides, neuroprotective capacity of PEG deserves further investigation on other central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, PR China
| | - Gao-Feng Shu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China; Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Chen-Han Peng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Chen-Ying Lu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xing-Yao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xiang-Chao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Jing Qi
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Xu-Qi Kang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Fei-Yang Jin
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Min-Jiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Ying
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jian You
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, PR China.
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Teleanu RI, Gherasim O, Gherasim TG, Grumezescu V, Grumezescu AM, Teleanu DM. Nanomaterial-Based Approaches for Neural Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E266. [PMID: 31181719 PMCID: PMC6630326 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11060266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical, thermal, chemical, or ischemic injury of the central or peripheral nervous system results in neuron loss, neurite damage, and/or neuronal dysfunction, almost always accompanied by sensorimotor impairment which alters the patient's life quality. The regenerative strategies for the injured nervous system are currently limited and mainly allow partial functional recovery, so it is necessary to develop new and effective approaches for nervous tissue regenerative therapy. Nanomaterials based on inorganic or organic and composite or hybrid compounds with tunable physicochemical properties and functionality proved beneficial for the transport and delivery/release of various neuroregenerative-relevant biomolecules or cells. Within the following paragraphs, we will emphasize that nanomaterial-based strategies (including nanosized and nanostructured biomaterials) represent a promising alternative towards repairing and regenerating the injured nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Ioana Teleanu
- "Victor Gomoiu" Clinical Children's Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Oana Gherasim
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania.
| | - Tudor George Gherasim
- National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 077160 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Valentina Grumezescu
- Lasers Department, National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele, Romania.
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Daniel Mihai Teleanu
- Emergency University Hospital, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania.
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Kong YL, Wang YF, Zhu ZS, Deng ZW, Chen J, Zhang D, Jiang QH, Zhao SC, Zhang YD. Silencing of the MEKK2/MEKK3 Pathway Protects against Spinal Cord Injury via the Hedgehog Pathway and the JNK Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:578-589. [PMID: 31382189 PMCID: PMC6682310 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating medical condition, often accompanied by motor and sensory dysfunction. The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has a protective role in pathological injury after SCI. However, the specific mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to confirm the effects of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-2 (MEKK2)/MEKK3/JNK/Hh pathway on SCI. SCI rat models were established and then inoculated with plasmids overexpressing MEKK2/MEKK3 or with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against MEKK2/MEKK3. The expression of MEKK2 and -3 was detected in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cells. The motor function of hindlimbs, the expression of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)- and Hh-pathway-related genes, and the level of neurofilament-200 (NF-200) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured. MEKK2 and -3 were expressed at a high level in DRG cells. The silencing of MEKK2/MEKK3 in rats caused an increase in the expression of glioma-associated oncogene homolog-1 (Gli-1), Nestin, smoothened (Smo), and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh). The Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) rating and the level of NF-200 protein also increased. However, the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP-1β), MIP-3α, p-JNK/JNK, and p-c-Jun/c-Jun and the level of GFAP were reduced. Downregulation of MEKK2/MEKK3 ameliorated the symptoms of SCI by promoting neural progenitor cell differentiation via activating the Hh pathway and disrupting the JNK pathway. The findings in this study reveal a potential biomarker for SCI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Long Kong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Science and Technology, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Sheng Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Wei Deng
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Graduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun-Hua Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author: Qun-Hua Jiang, Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Shi-Chang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author: Shi-Chang Zhao, Dr., Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People’s Republic of China.
| | - Ya-Dong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Science and Technology, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author: Ya-Dong Zhang, Dr., Department of Orthopaedics, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Science and Technology, 6600 Nanfeng Road, Shanghai 201499, People’s Republic of China.
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Wang XJ, Peng CH, Zhang S, Xu XL, Shu GF, Qi J, Zhu YF, Xu DM, Kang XQ, Lu KJ, Jin FY, Yu RS, Ying XY, You J, Du YZ, Ji JS. Polysialic-Acid-Based Micelles Promote Neural Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury Therapy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:829-838. [PMID: 30605619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) routinely causes the immediate loss and disruption of neurons followed by complicated secondary injuries, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and dense glial scar formation. Inhibitory factors in the lesion scar and poor intrinsic neural regeneration capacity restrict functional recovery after injury. Minocycline, which has neuroprotective activity, can alleviate secondary injury, but the long-term administration of this drug may cause toxicity. Polysialic acid (PSA) is a large cell-surface carbohydrate that is critical for central nervous system development and is capable of promoting precursor cell migration, axon path finding, and synaptic remodeling; thus, PSA plays a vital role in tissue repair and regeneration. Here, we developed a PSA-based minocycline-loaded nanodrug delivery system (PSM) for the synergistic therapy of spinal cord injury. The prepared PSM exerted marked anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities both in vitro and in vivo. The administration of PSM could significantly protect neurons and myelin sheaths from damage, reduce the formation of glial scar, recruit endogenous neural stem cells to the lesion site, and promote the regeneration of neurons and the extension of long axons throughout the glial scar, thereby largely improving the locomotor function of SCI rats and exerting a superior therapeutic effect. The findings might provide a novel strategy for SCI synergistic therapy and the utilization of PSA in other central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Chen-Han Peng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Xiao-Ling Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Gao-Feng Shu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research , Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University , Lishui 323000 , China
| | - Jing Qi
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Ya-Fang Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - De-Min Xu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310009 , PR China
| | - Xu-Qi Kang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Kong-Jun Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Fei-Yang Jin
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Ri-Sheng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310009 , PR China
| | - Xiao-Ying Ying
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Jian You
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Yong-Zhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , PR China
| | - Jian-Song Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research , Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University , Lishui 323000 , China
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Guo WL, Qi ZP, Yu L, Sun TW, Qu WR, Liu QQ, Zhu Z, Li R. Melatonin combined with chondroitin sulfate ABC promotes nerve regeneration after root-avulsion brachial plexus injury. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:328-338. [PMID: 30531017 PMCID: PMC6301163 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.244796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After nerve-root avulsion injury of the brachial plexus, oxidative damage, inflammatory reaction, and glial scar formation can affect nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Melatonin (MT) has been shown to have good anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Chondroitin sulfate ABC (ChABC) has been shown to metabolize chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and can reduce colloidal scar formation. However, the effect of any of these drugs alone in the recovery of nerve function after injury is not completely satisfactory. Therefore, this experiment aimed to explore the effect and mechanism of combined application of melatonin and chondroitin sulfate ABC on nerve regeneration and functional recovery after nerve-root avulsion of the brachial plexus. Fifty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and their C5-7 nerve roots were avulsed. Then, the C6 nerve roots were replanted to construct the brachial plexus nerve-root avulsion model. After successful modeling, the injured rats were randomly divided into four groups. The first group (injury) did not receive any drug treatment, but was treated with a pure gel-sponge carrier nerve-root implantation and an ethanol-saline solution via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. The second group (melatonin) was treated with melatonin via i.p. injection. The third group (chondroitin sulfate ABC) was treated with chondroitin sulfate ABC through local administration. The fourth group (melatonin + chondroitin sulfate ABC) was treated with melatonin through i.p. injection and chondroitin sulfate ABC through local administration. The upper limb Terzis grooming test was used 2-6 weeks after injury to evaluate motor function. Inflammation and oxidative damage within 24 hours of injury were evaluated by spectrophotometry. Immunofluorescence and neuroelectrophysiology were used to evaluate glial scar, neuronal protection, and nerve regeneration. The results showed that the Terzis grooming-test scores of the three groups that received treatment were better than those of the injury only group. Additionally, these three groups showed lower levels of C5-7 intramedullary peroxidase and malondialdehyde. Further, glial scar tissue in the C6 spinal segment was smaller and the number of motor neurons was greater. The endplate area of the biceps muscle was larger and the structure was clear. The latency of the compound potential of the myocutaneous nerve-biceps muscle was shorter. All these indexes were even greater in the melatonin + chondroitin sulfate ABC group than in the melatonin only or chondroitin sulfate ABC only groups. Thus, the results showed that melatonin combined with chondroitin sulfate ABC can promote nerve regeneration after nerve-root avulsion injury of the brachial plexus, which may be achieved by reducing oxidative damage and inflammatory reaction in the injury area and inhibiting glial scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Lai Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Qi
- Department of Orthopedics, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Tian-Wen Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Wen-Rui Qu
- Department of Hand Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qian-Qian Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Department of Hand Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Abstract
Glycans have been selected by nature for both structural and 'recognition' purposes. Taking inspiration from nature, nanomedicine exploits glycans not only as structural constituents of nanoparticles and nanostructured biomaterials but also as selective interactors of such glyco-nanotools. Surface glycosylation of nanoparticles finds application in targeting specific cells, whereas recent findings give evidence that the glycan content of cell microenvironment is able to induce the cell fate. This review will highlight the role of glycans in nanomedicine, schematizing the different uses and roles in drug-delivery systems and in biomaterials for regenerative medicine.
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