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Coetzer-Liversage A, Stein LAR, Shuster CL, Bassett SS, Martin R, Clair Michaud M. Monitoring Motivational Interviewing Strategies: Creating Provider and Client Reports to Encourage Implementation. Subst Use Misuse 2024; 59:1519-1526. [PMID: 38816908 PMCID: PMC11240879 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2360101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motivational interviewing (MI) is an evidence-based practice that has been successfully applied to at-risk youth. Well-validated measures that track MI integrity may not be used in practice settings due to the time to complete them, recording requirements and training involved. A simpler, less resource-intensive instrument may encourage programs and providers to attend more to the quality of MI use during implementation. PURPOSE To validate a method involving two measures, Youth and Provider Logs, to assist in monitoring MI use. METHODS Clients and providers reported on provider behaviors consistent and inconsistent with MI during the session. Factor analyses were conducted to examine whether measures showed clear scales assessing MI use and analyses were conducted to assess validity of these measures. RESULTS Both Youth and Provider Logs showed a clear and consistent 3-factor structure assessing MI-consistent behavior, MI-inconsistent behavior, and alcohol-related topics. Significant correlations were found between Youth Logs and youth reports of rapport with providers, and satisfaction with services. Provider MI-inconsistent scores were significantly inversely predictive of observer fidelity scores over time. CONCLUSION This study offers provider and client measures for tracking use of MI in sessions, which are a simpler, less resource-intensive method for monitoring MI, and may encourage fidelity during implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L A R Stein
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Rhode Island, USA
- Behavioral Sciences Department, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
- Developmental Disabilities, and Hospitals, Cranston, RI, USA
- Rhode Island Training School, Rhode Island Training School, Cranston, RI, USA
| | - Coral L Shuster
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Shayna S Bassett
- Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosemarie Martin
- Behavioral Sciences Department, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
- Center for Alcohol/Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903
| | - Mary Clair Michaud
- Rhode Island Training School, Rhode Island Training School, Cranston, RI, USA
- Rhode Island Department of Children, Youth, and Families, Rhode Island Department of Children, Youth, and Families
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Welsh JW, Dopp AR, Durham RM, Sitar SI, Passetti LL, Hunter SB, Godley MD, Winters KC. Narrative review: Revised Principles and Practice Recommendations for Adolescent Substance Use Treatment and Policy. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:S0890-8567(24)00140-0. [PMID: 38537736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2014, the U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse released the "Principles of Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Treatment," summarizing previously established evidence and outlining principles of effective assessment, treatment, and aftercare for substance use disorders (SUD). Winters et al. (2018) updated these principles to be developmentally appropriate for adolescents. This review builds on that formative work and recommends updated adolescent assessment, treatment, and aftercare principles and practices. METHOD The Cochrane, MEDLINE-PubMed, and PsychInfo databases were searched for relevant studies with new data about adolescent substance use services. This article updates the 13 original principles; condenses the 8 original modalities into 5 practices; and highlights implications for public policy approaches, future funding, and research. RESULTS Key recommendations from the principles include integrating care for co-occurring mental health disorders and SUDs, improving service accessibility including through the educational system, maintaining engagement, and addressing tension between agencies when collaborating with other youth service systems. Updates to the treatment practices include adoption of Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT), investment in social programs and family involvement in treatment, expanding access to behavioral therapies and medications, increasing funding to harm reduction services, supporting reimbursement for continuing care services, and increasing investment in research. CONCLUSION These revised principles of adolescent assessment, treatment, and aftercare approaches and practices aim to establish guidance and evidence-based practices for treatment providers, while encouraging necessary support from policymakers and funding agencies to improve the standard of care for adolescent SUD services.
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Lawrence TI, Hong JS, Espelage DL, Voisin DR. Antecedents of sibling aggression and bullying victimization: The parallel and serial contributions of depressive symptoms and substance use. J Affect Disord 2023; 333:193-201. [PMID: 37084977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sibling aggression has received attention as a common form of family violence. However, further research is needed to elucidate several antecedents of sibling aggression perpetration and bullying victimization, such as substance use and depressive symptoms. Additionally, more studies are needed to identify the mediating paths of depressive symptoms and substance use, which could explain the association between bullying victimization and sibling aggression perpetration on the one hand and the association between sibling aggression victimization and bullying victimization on the other hand, while controlling for exposure to family violence and demographic variables. The current study tested two separate mediational models guided by the displaced aggression theory and self-medication hypothesis. METHOD The present study used the Bullying, Sexual, and Dating Violence Trajectories From Early to Late Adolescence in the Midwestern United States, 2007-2013 dataset. The original sample consisted of 1162 middle school students who were initially surveyed and followed into three high schools. For the current study, the first wave was used, which included a sample of 1101 adolescents. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to first examine whether bullying victimization was associated with sibling aggression perpetration. Then another model was conducted to test whether sibling aggression victimization was associated with bullying victimization. RESULTS In the first model, results suggest bullying victimization is positively associated with sibling aggression. Mediation results indicated depressive symptoms and substance use serially mediated the relation between bullying victimization and sibling aggression. In the second model, results suggest that sibling aggression victimization is positively associated with bullying victimization. Parallel mediation results indicated that depressive symptoms alone and not substance use individually explained the association between sibling aggression victimization and bullying victimization. Finally, serial mediation results indicated that depressive symptoms and substance use serially mediate the association between sibling aggression victimization and bullying victimization. LIMITATIONS Limitations include self-report measures and cross-sectional design; therefore, we could not estimate casual relationships. CONCLUSION The implications of these findings suggest the need for continued attention to school-based bully prevention efforts and family relations interventions. Such efforts might be associated with reductions in bullying victimization and sibling aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy I Lawrence
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA.
| | - Jun Sung Hong
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dorothy L Espelage
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dexter R Voisin
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Trivedi A, Mohamad S, Sharma S, Ganapathi J, Adodra A, Goddings AL. Transition to adult services: the current and potential role of the UK hospital pharmacist. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2023; 30:e70-e75. [PMID: 35732427 PMCID: PMC10086734 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2022-003254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the current and potential role for UK pharmacists in the transition to adult services for young people with chronic health problems. METHODS UK hospital pharmacists were surveyed using an online questionnaire with closed and open questions covering their involvement in a transition programme, demography and scope of work, experiences of transition, and the barriers encountered in providing an effective transition service. RESULTS Overall, 74 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Most were female (70% (52/74)), had ≥6 years of experience (62% (46/74)), were paediatric pharmacists (74% (55/74)), and were based in a teaching hospital practice setting (70% (52/74)). Many participants (57% (42/74)) had a transition programme in place in their hospital; of these, 55% (23/42) were not a part of the service. Respondents identified unique skills that pharmacists could contribute to the transition service, including knowledge of medications (including formulations and unlicensed medications), awareness of medication services beyond paediatrics, commissioning of medications, and familiarity with adult services. Most commonly identified barriers to transition included 'time constraints', 'pharmacists not involved as part of the wider multidisciplinary team', and 'lack of engagement between different services'. Pharmacists noted that their ideal transition service would include specific medication-related transition, for example, adherence, counselling, and supply of medications. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the role of hospital pharmacists as crucial members of the multidisciplinary team required for transition. The skills and knowledge of the hospital pharmacist is under-utilised within the transition service, yet pharmacists are motivated and uniquely skilled healthcare professionals who have the potential to improve medicines transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashifa Trivedi
- Pharmacy Department, Hillingdon Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Uxbridge, UK
| | | | - Sadhna Sharma
- Pharmacy Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Annika Adodra
- Luton and Dunstable Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Luton, UK
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Chazal C, Roux C, Kinouani S, Schuers M, Fortin F, Pereira B, Blanc O, Piñol-Domenech N, Brousse G, Vorilhon P, Laporte C. Effectiveness of brief interventions in primary care for cannabis users aged from 12 to 25 years old: a systematic review. Fam Pract 2022; 39:1156-1168. [PMID: 35696124 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of brief interventions realized in primary care in reducing cannabis use for adolescents and emerging adults. METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and Central (Cochrane Library) were searched until December 2020. Randomized controlled trials conducted in primary care, concerning in-person brief interventions for non-medical cannabis users aged from 12 to 25 years old were eligible for inclusion. Brief interventions had to last 30 min or less. Patients with comorbid mental health disorder or very specific populations were not included. RESULTS One thousand eighty hundred and fifty-five studies were identified through database searching; only 8 studies involving 2,199 patients were included for qualitative synthesis after double reading and data extraction. Randomized controlled trials selected were heterogeneous regarding screening tools, initial levels of cannabis use and cannabis outcomes measures. Brief interventions were all based on motivational interviewing techniques or personalized feedback. Seven studies consisted in a single session of brief intervention. Six studies involved also other substance users. No significant reduction of cannabis use after brief intervention was found for most studies, especially in the long term. A trend of decreased cannabis consequences, such as negative psychosocial repercussions, perception of cannabis use by peers, or driving under the influence of cannabis, was reported. CONCLUSION The current state of knowledge does not allow us to say that the brief intervention is effective in reducing cannabis use among adolescents in primary care. We found a mild positive effect on cannabis consequences after brief intervention. Mixed qualitative and quantitative studies are need to better evaluate the impact of brief intervention and his faisability. PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews): n° CRD42016033080.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Chazal
- Department of General Practice, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Charline Roux
- Department of General Practice, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Shérazade Kinouani
- Department of General Practice, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux F-33000, France.,University Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team HEALTHY, UMR 1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Matthieu Schuers
- Department of General Practice, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen, France.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France.,Sorbonne Université, LIMICS U1142, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Fortin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Biostatistics Unit, Direction de la Recherche Clinique, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Blanc
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Georges Brousse
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service of Psychiatry B, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Catherine Laporte
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont Auvergne INP, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CNRS, Institut Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Ahmad J, Joel UC, Talabi FO, Bibian ON, Aiyesimoju AB, Adefemi VO, Gever VC. Impact of social media-based intervention in reducing youths' propensity to engage in drug abuse in Nigeria. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2022; 94:102122. [PMID: 35780530 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2022.102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Drug abuse is one of the serious social problems facing the globe today. There have been cases of young people under the influence of drugs; engaging in different crimes such as kidnapping, rape, and armed robbery. The goal of this study was to test the effectiveness of social media-based intervention in reducing drug abuse propensity among youths in Nigeria. The design of the study was a two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. The Substance Abuse Proclivity (SAP) scale was used to collect data for the study. The study showed that social media-based intervention effectively reduced drug abuse propensity for participants in the treatment group compared with those in the control group. A follow-up intervention after two years shows a steady decline in drug abuse propensity among youth in the treatment group, unlike those in the control group. Comparatively, the training skills type of intervention was more effective than motivational interviewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamilah Ahmad
- School of Communication, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Ugwuoke C Joel
- Department of Mass Communication, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Felix Olajide Talabi
- Department of Mass Communication, Redeemer's University, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Victor Oluwole Adefemi
- Department of Linguistics and Communication Studies, Osun State University, Ikire Campus, Osun State, Nigeria
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Examining the Effectiveness of the FaCES Adolescent SBIRT Intervention. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:S41-S48. [PMID: 36122968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Facilitating Change for Excellence in SBIRT (FaCES) is a service package for adolescent primary care that was developed based on best practices and evidence, but was empirically untested. The aim of this study is to compare the FaCES intervention to treatment as usual (TAU) for rural adolescent primary care patients. METHODS In this modified cluster-randomized stepped wedge design, providers who completed at least 20 adolescent TAU visits received training in the FaCES package in random order. Adolescent patients (N = 1,226) waiting for appointments were continuously recruited into the study and completed a baseline assessment before their scheduled appointment and an on-line 3-month follow-up. Participants received either FaCES or TAU, depending on whether their provider had been trained in FaCES. Due to COVID-19 disruptions, only 14 of the 29 providers were trained before study recruitment activities ceased. RESULTS More than 80% of the sample indicated no prior use of tobacco, alcohol, or marijuana at study entry. The Arm × Time interaction failed to reach significance for the substance use outcomes considered. In the FaCES condition, the group with no prior use had an increased probability of substance use at 3-month follow-up, while the group reporting prior use had a decreased probability of use at follow-up. Participants who reported no use at baseline had an increased probability of use at follow-up, whether they received the FaCES intervention or TAU. DISCUSSION This study was unable to demonstrate the effectiveness of FaCES. Findings suggest some natural movement in substance use risk over time.
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Stepanchak M, Katzman K, Soukup M, Elkin E, Choate K, Kristman-Valente A, McCarty CA. Youth-Reported School Connection and Experiences of a Middle School-Based Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment Initiative: Preliminary Results From a Program Evaluation. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:S49-S56. [PMID: 36122969 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed (1) to evaluate the feasibility of a school-based Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) program that expands on traditional SBIRT to support the mental health and well-being of middle school students and (2) to assess its effects on students' connection with adults at school. METHODS Focus group discussions were conducted with 26 students in grades 6-8 to understand student perspectives about an innovative school-based SBIRT program. A subset of middle school students from the SBIRT program who received a brief intervention (BI) after screening (n = 116) were asked to rate their experience meeting with the interventionist in terms of feeling comfortable, feeling listened to, and talking about their goals. Additionally, these students' ratings of connection to adults at school was compared from the time of screening (baseline) to following BI using two-sided paired t-tests. RESULTS Students who participated in focus groups expressed favorable opinions about universal screening and this school-based SBIRT model and noted that relationship building with adults at school was an important factor for open communication and motivating behavior change for students. Nearly all students who completed the post-BI survey rated their experiences with interventionists during BI as "Excellent," "Very Good," or "Good" in all categories (98%). Students' reported mean school connection scores significantly higher after participation in school-based SBIRT than at baseline (5.9/8 vs. 7.0/8, p < .001). DISCUSSION Middle school students were satisfied with the school-based SBIRT model and participation in the program resulted in increased student connection with adults at school. These findings improve our understanding of the experience of SBIRT intervention with middle school students and on school connection in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stepanchak
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Kate Katzman
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Margaret Soukup
- King County Department of Community and Human Services, Seattle, Washington
| | - Evan Elkin
- Reclaiming Futures, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kathryn Choate
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Allison Kristman-Valente
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Carolyn A McCarty
- Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
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Lauckner C, Walthers J, Stuck J, Bryant K, Edelman EJ, Fiellin DA, Hansen NB, Kahler CW, Magill M, Mastroleo NR, Maisto SA. The Relationship Between Drinking Behavior and Conversational Processes During a Brief Alcohol Reduction Intervention for People with HIV. AIDS Behav 2022; 26:2067-2080. [PMID: 35001249 PMCID: PMC10461530 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-021-03553-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
People with HIV (PWH) frequently engage in unhealthy alcohol use, which can adversely affect antiretroviral adherence and HIV disease progression. Brief interventions based on Motivational Interviewing (MI), including the Brief Negotiated Interview (BNI), can help to reduce drinking. This study examines MI processes observed during a single 15-20 min BNI session delivered by social workers to PWH with unhealthy alcohol use (N = 59) in the context of a stepped care intervention to reduce alcohol consumption. BNI sessions were coded for technical and relational processes encouraged in MI, such as autonomy support, instructive language, and self-exploration. Multiple regression analyses explored the relationship between: (1) Participants' pre-intervention drinking behaviors (weekly drinks and heavy drinking days) and these MI processes, and (2) MI processes and intervention outcomes. Results indicated that PWH who reported more weekly drinks at baseline engaged in less self-exploration, while social workers delivering the BNI used less instructive language for those who reported more heavy drinking days. PWH who engaged in more self-exploration and received more autonomy support had fewer heavy drinking days 6 months after the intervention. These findings suggest the value of providing more opportunities within BNIs to encourage self-exploration, as it may help to enhance intervention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Lauckner
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 464 Healthy Kentucky Research Bldg, 760 Press Ave, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Justin Walthers
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer Stuck
- Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, 464 Healthy Kentucky Research Bldg, 760 Press Ave, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Kendall Bryant
- Division of HIV/AIDS Research, National Institute On Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - E Jennifer Edelman
- Program in Addiction Medicine and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Medicine, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David A Fiellin
- Program in Addiction Medicine and Center for Interdisciplinary Research on AIDS, Yale School of Medicine, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Nathan B Hansen
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, University of Georgia College of Public Health, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Christopher W Kahler
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Molly Magill
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Stephen A Maisto
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University College of Arts & Sciences, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Tanner-Smith EE, Parr NJ, Schweer-Collins M, Saitz R. Effects of brief substance use interventions delivered in general medical settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction 2022; 117:877-889. [PMID: 34647649 PMCID: PMC8904275 DOI: 10.1111/add.15674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To estimate effects of brief substance use interventions delivered in general medical settings. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials conducted since 1990 of brief substance use interventions in patients of any age or severity level recruited in general medical settings. Primary outcomes were any measure of substance use or substance-related consequences (indexed with Hedges' g and risk ratios). Mixed-effects meta-regressions were used to estimate overall effects and predictors of effect variability. Analyses were conducted separately by brief intervention (BI) target substance: alcohol only or drugs. FINDINGS A total of 116 trials (64 439 participants) were identified; 111 (62 263 participants) provided effect size data and were included in the meta-analysis. Drug-targeted BIs yielded significant small improvements in multiple drug/mixed substance use (Hedges' g (g¯ ) = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.002, 0.15), but after adjusting for multiple comparisons, they did not produce significant effects on cannabis use ( g¯ = 0.06; 95% CI = 0.001, 0.12), alcohol use ( g¯ = 0.08; 95% CI = -0.0003, 0.17), or consequences ( g¯ = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.01, 0.10). Drug-targeted BIs yielded larger improvements in multiple drug/mixed substance use when delivered by a general practitioner ( g¯ = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.187, 0.193). Alcohol-targeted BIs yielded small beneficial effects on alcohol use ( g¯ = 0.12; 95% CI 0.08, 0.16), but no evidence of an effect on consequences ( g¯ = 0.05; 95% CI = -0.04, 0.13). However, alcohol-targeted BIs only had beneficial effects on alcohol use when delivered in general medical settings (g¯ = 0.17; 95% CI = 0.10, 0.24); the findings were inconclusive for those delivered in emergency department/trauma centers ( g¯ = 0.05; 95% CI = 0.00, 0.10). CONCLUSIONS When delivered in general medical settings, alcohol-targeted brief interventions may produce small beneficial reductions in drinking (equivalent to a reduction in 1 drinking day per month). There is limited evidence regarding the effects of drug-targeted brief interventions on drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. Tanner-Smith
- University of Oregon, Counseling Psychology and Human Services Department, College of Education, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403-1215
| | - Nicholas J. Parr
- University of Oregon, Counseling Psychology and Human Services Department, College of Education, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403-1215,U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Evidence Synthesis Program Coordinating Center, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW U.S. Veterans Hospital Rd., Portland, OR, 97239
| | - Maria Schweer-Collins
- University of Oregon, Counseling Psychology and Human Services Department, College of Education, 1215 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403-1215
| | - Richard Saitz
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Ave, 4 Floor, Boston, MA 02118,Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine; Grayken Center for Addiction, Boston Medical Center
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Expanding the continuum of substance use disorder treatment: Nonabstinence approaches. Clin Psychol Rev 2022; 91:102110. [PMID: 34864497 PMCID: PMC8815796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Only a small minority of people with substance use disorders (SUDs) receive treatment. A focus on abstinence is pervasive in SUD treatment, defining success in both research and practice, and punitive measures are often imposed on those who do not abstain. Most adults with SUD do not seek treatment because they do not wish to stop using substances, though many also recognize a need for help. This narrative review considers the need for increased research attention on nonabstinence psychosocial treatment of SUD - especially drug use disorders - as a potential way to engage and retain more people in treatment, to engage people in treatment earlier, and to improve treatment effectiveness. We describe the development of nonabstinence approaches within the historical context of SUD treatment in the United States, review theoretical and empirical rationales for nonabstinence SUD treatment, and review existing models of nonabstinence psychosocial treatment for SUD among adults to identify gaps in the literature and directions for future research. Despite significant empirical support for nonabstinence alcohol interventions, there is a clear gap in research examining nonabstinence psychosocial treatment for drug use disorders. Future research must test the effectiveness of nonabstinence treatments for drug use and address barriers to implementation.
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Gonzales-Castaneda R, McKay JR, Steinberg J, Winters KC, Yu CH(A, Valdovinos IC, Casillas JM, McCarthy KC. Testing mediational processes of substance use relapse among youth who participated in a mobile texting aftercare project. Subst Abus 2022; 43:1-12. [PMID: 31638878 PMCID: PMC7174140 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2019.1671941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this paper is to advance the understanding of mechanisms of action involved in behavioral-driven aftercare interventions for substance use disorders (SUDs) among youth populations. This paper reports data from a study that measured the impact of an aftercare intervention on primary substance use relapse among youth who completed treatment in Los Angeles County for SUDs. The aftercare intervention, Project ESQYIR-Educating and Supporting inQuisitive Youth In Recovery, utilized text messaging to monitor relapse and recovery processes, provide feedback, reminders, support, and education among youth from SUD specialty settings during the initial 3-month period following treatment completion. Method: Mediational modeling informed by Baron and Kenny was used to examine the extent to which select recovery processes including participation in extracurricular activities and self-help, were impacted by the texting intervention, and if such processes helped sustain recovery and prevent primary substance use relapse. The data come from a two-group randomized controlled pilot study testing the initial efficacy of a mobile health texting aftercare intervention among 80 youth (Mage= 20.7, SD = 3.5, range: 14-26 years) who volunteered to participate after completing SUD treatment between 2012 and 2013. Results: Among the two recovery processes examined in the mediational modeling, only involvement in extracurricular activities mediated the effects of the texting aftercare intervention on reductions in primary substance use relapse; not self-help participation. Conclusion: Findings from this pilot study offer greater understanding about potential recovery-related mechanisms of action of mobile aftercare interventions. Mobile texting was found to promote increased engagement in recovery-related behaviors such as participation in extracurricular activities, which mediated the effects of the mobile aftercare intervention on decreasing primary substance use relapse. Findings suggest mobile approaches may be effective for increasing adherence to a wide-array of recovery behavioral regiments among youth populations challenged by complex behavioral issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Gonzales-Castaneda
- University of California at Los Angeles, Integrated Substance Abuse Programs, Los Angeles, CA,Azusa Pacific University, Psychology Department, Azusa, CA
| | - James R. McKay
- University of Pennsylvania, Center on the Continuum of Care in the Addictions, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jane Steinberg
- Azusa Pacific University, Psychology Department, Azusa, CA,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
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Donohue KE, Sathe M, Wood S, Davis NL, Farber DL. A Multi-Modal Curriculum Teaching Opioid Use Disorder Management in Young Adult Populations. Cureus 2021; 13:e18499. [PMID: 34754660 PMCID: PMC8569682 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of both prescription and illicit opioids among adolescents and young adults (AYA) is increasing. Barriers to effective treatment of opioid use disorders among AYA range from patients leaving against medical advice to decreased knowledge and experience of providers caring for those with opioid dependence. No formal curricula for residents on AYA opioid use disorder and management have been implemented despite rapidly increasing use in this population. OBJECTIVE To develop a brief curriculum for trainees who encounter AYA that will increase knowledge and skills to treat opioid use in the AYA population. Methods: Twenty-six pediatric and family medicine interns participated in this pilot study. The multimodal curriculum included standardized patient encounters, case-based learning sessions, didactics, and high-fidelity simulations. The curriculum encompasses five individual sessions, each with a different theme: motivational interviewing, naloxone administration, opioid withdrawal medications, complex overdoses, and infectious complications of intravenous drug use. A pre-survey was administered prior to the curriculum and a post-survey was administered at the conclusion to assess its effectiveness in improving knowledge for this specific population and increasing comfort levels providing medical interventions in AYA patients with opioid use disorders. RESULTS Trainee comfort levels increased significantly in all four domains as measured by the average Likert scale, including interviewing AYA about opioid use (2.5 (standard deviation (SD) 1.2) to 4 (SD 0.9), p<0.0001)), prescribing medication for opioid use disorder (1.3 (SD 0.5) to 2.8 (SD 1.3), p<0.0001)), treating acute opioid overdose (1.5 (SD 0.8) to 3.7 (SD 0.9), p<0.0001)), and treating infectious complications of intravenous drug use (1.7 (SD 0.8) to 3 (SD 1.1), p <0.0001)). The Chi-square test showed similarly significant increases in comfort levels. CONCLUSIONS Early trainees who provide care to young adults benefit from opioid education specific to this population. Participants described increased knowledge and comfort in interviewing and treating this vulnerable patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn E Donohue
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Mihika Sathe
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Inova Health System, Annandale, USA
| | - Samuel Wood
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, USA
| | - Natalie L Davis
- Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Dara L Farber
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
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14
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Burrow-Sánchez JJ, Totsky J, Ratcliff BR, Corrales C. Generalizing treatment outcomes to externalizing behaviors for Latino/a adolescents with substance use disorders: A secondary analysis. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2021; 35:797-802. [PMID: 33734782 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Substance use treatment for adolescents may decrease not only substance use, but also other related outcomes such as externalizing behaviors. Although positively correlated to substance use in youth, externalizing behaviors are not commonly measured as outcomes in the context of substance use treatment. This study seeks to generalize the outcomes of substance use treatment to externalizing behaviors in a sample of Latino/a adolescents who participated in a randomized clinical trial. METHOD Secondary data analysis was conducted using a longitudinal mixed model to test the outcomes of two versions of a cognitive-behavioral substance use treatment (i.e., standard and culturally accommodated) on externalizing behaviors. Participants were Latino/a adolescents (N = 70) diagnosed with a substance use disorder randomized into one of the two study conditions. RESULTS The results indicated that Latino/a adolescents in both treatment conditions significantly decreased in self-reported externalizing behaviors from pretreatment to 12-months posttreatment. CONCLUSIONS Implications from this study suggest that participation in substance use treatment for Latino/a adolescents may also generalize to other outcomes such as externalizing behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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15
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Tucker JS, Kennedy DP, Osilla KC, Golinelli D. Motivational network intervention to reduce substance use and increase supportive connections among formerly homeless emerging adults transitioning to housing: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2021; 16:18. [PMID: 33726809 PMCID: PMC7968154 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-021-00227-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies indicate high rates of substance use among youth experiencing homelessness (YEH). Further, the social networks of YEH, although multi-dimensional in composition, are largely comprised of other YEH, substance users, and individuals who do not provide the youth with tangible or emotional support. For YEH who have the opportunity to enter a housing program, helping them to reduce their substance use and strengthen their prosocial supportive connections during this critical transition period may increase their stability and reduce their risk of re-entering homelessness. The goal of this study is to pilot test a brief motivational network intervention (MNI), delivered by case managers, to help former YEH who have recently transitioned to a housing program reduce their substance use and strengthen their prosocial supportive connections. METHODS/DESIGN Up to 60 residents of housing programs in the Los Angeles area will be randomized to receive four sessions of usual case manager support or four sessions of case manager support + MNI. Each MNI session consists of three parts: (1) identifying two goals that are most important for the resident over the next year (e.g., get or keep a job, finish or stay in school, reduce substance use); (2) a network interview with the resident to capture network data pertaining to their interactions in the past 2 weeks; and (3) a discussion between the case manager and the resident of the resulting network visualizations, conducted in a Motivational Interviewing (MI) style, and what role the resident's network may play in reaching their most important goals over the next year. DISCUSSION This study addresses a critical gap by pilot testing a computer-assisted MNI, delivered using MI techniques, that can help case managers work with recent YEH to reduce substance use and increase permanent supportive connections during the critical transitional period from homelessness to housing. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04637815. Registered November 10, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan S Tucker
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407, USA.
| | - David P Kennedy
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA, 90407, USA
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16
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Christie GIG, Cheetham A, Lubman DI. Interventions for Alcohol and Drug Use Disorders in Young People: 10 Key Evidence-Based Approaches to Inform Service Delivery. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40429-020-00336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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17
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Johnson SE, Lapomardo A, Thibeau HM, Altemus M, Hunt JI, Wolff JC. A Process Evaluation of a Substance Use Brief Intervention for Adolescents in a Psychiatric Inpatient Program. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2020; 14:1178221820936666. [PMID: 32647475 PMCID: PMC7325535 DOI: 10.1177/1178221820936666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study represents a two-phase process evaluation of the implementation of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) on an adolescent psychiatric inpatient unit. The first phase analyzed uptake efforts using chart review data, which revealed that 158 (16.8%) of 942 hospitalized patients (Mean age = 15.81, SD = 1.24) were eligible to receive the brief intervention; however, only 30 (19%) adolescents received the intervention, 15 (9.5%) declined treatment, and 113 (71.5%) were never offered. The second phase involved directed content analyses of clinical staff and providers’ perceived facilitators and barriers to the implementation. Qualitative findings revealed that providers and staff accepted and agreed with the use of the brief substance use intervention, though perceived time constraints, competing demands, and insufficient staffing interfered with implementation across disciplines. Barriers included patients’ length of stay and competing treatment priorities. Several recommendations emerged including, utilization of non-clinical staff, a clear administration protocol, and the use of computer-based interventions. Findings from the present study shed light on the need to consider alternate or more streamlined substance use treatments such as computerized approaches and focus on ways in which protocol can be modified to fit the needs within an acute, short-term setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Bradley/Hasboro Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Andrea Lapomardo
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Bradley/Hasboro Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Heather M Thibeau
- Bradley/Hasboro Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Melanie Altemus
- Bradley/Hasboro Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jeffrey I Hunt
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Bradley/Hasboro Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer C Wolff
- Department of Psychiatry & Human Behavior, Division of Clinical Psychology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Bradley/Hasboro Research Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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18
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Zaso MJ, Park A, Antshel KM. Treatments for Adolescents With Comorbid ADHD and Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review. J Atten Disord 2020; 24:1215-1226. [PMID: 25655767 PMCID: PMC4666815 DOI: 10.1177/1087054715569280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Comorbid ADHD and substance use disorder (SUD) presents frequently in adolescence, a developmental period that may promote the emergence of substance misuse among individuals with ADHD. Comorbid ADHD and SUD in adolescence results in significant and unique treatment challenges, necessitating examination into effective interventions. Method: This systematic review examined existing research into the treatment of comorbid adolescent ADHD and SUD. Results: Findings from a small number of pharmacological intervention studies suggest potential efficacy of extended-release stimulant and nonstimulant medications. Efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions has not been systematically examined. Conclusion: Current research on treatments for comorbid ADHD and SUD in adolescence is limited. Future placebo-controlled clinical trials using large samples are needed to examine the efficacy of psychotherapeutic interventions, the heightened risk of prescription stimulant misuse, and the long-term maintenance of treatment gains in this population. Clinical guidelines for the treatment of comorbid ADHD and SUD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J. Zaso
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Kevin M. Antshel
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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19
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Robinson CA, Wilson JD. Management of Opioid Misuse and Opioid Use Disorders Among Youth. Pediatrics 2020; 145:S153-S164. [PMID: 32358206 PMCID: PMC7880138 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-2056c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the growing impact of the current opioid public health crisis in the United States on adolescents and young adults, pediatricians have an expanding role in identifying opioid use early, preventing escalation of risky use, reducing opioid-related harms, and delivering effective therapies. Research and expert consensus suggest the use of brief interventions focused on reducing risks associated with ongoing opioid use and using motivational interviewing strategies to engage youth in treatment. Because fatal opioid overdose remains a major cause of opioid-related mortality among youth, delivering overdose education as part of any visit in which a youth endorses opioid use is one evidence-based strategy to decrease the burden of opioid-related mortality. For youth that are injecting opioids, safe injection practices and linkage to needle or syringe exchanges should be considered to reduce complications from injection drug use. It is crucial that youth be offered treatment at the time of diagnosis of an opioid use disorder (OUD), including medications, behavioral interventions, and/or referral to mutual support groups. The 2 medications commonly used for office-based OUD treatment in adolescents are extended-release naltrexone (opioid antagonist) and buprenorphine (partial opioid agonist), although there is a significant treatment gap in prescribing these medications to youth, especially adolescents <18 years of age. Addiction is a pediatric disease that pediatricians and adolescent medicine physicians are uniquely poised to manage, given their expertise in longitudinal, preventive, and family- and patient-centered care. Growing evidence supports the need for integration of OUD treatment into primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille A. Robinson
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - J. Deanna Wilson
- Divisions of General Internal Medicine and Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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20
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Abstract
Rates of certain tobacco products have decreased over the past decade, but nicotine use disorder is still prevalent among adolescents. New trends in tobacco use, such as in the use of electronic cigarettes, are creating alarm. This article reviews nicotine addiction and measurement in adolescents, along with potential health risks and comorbidities. Various psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions are reviewed along with novel interventions that show promise for reducing tobacco use in this vulnerable population.
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21
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A framework for integrating young peers in recovery into adolescent substance use prevention and early intervention. Addict Behav 2019; 99:106080. [PMID: 31430622 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Substance use among adolescents is associated with a range of negative outcomes and risk-taking behaviors. Identifying and intervening early is essential to reducing associated risks in adolescence and adulthood. New approaches are needed to equip youth-serving systems with tools to identify and respond to substance use. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) has emerged as a promising public health framework and there is a growing research interest in effective adaptations for its use with adolescents. However, healthcare settings, schools, and other community-based settings are slow to adapt SBIRT, citing gaps in knowledge and capacity to deliver evidence-based substance use prevention and early intervention. Further, these settings and the surrounding communities often lack the treatment and other prevention and recovery support resources needed for youth who screen as high-risk. Integrating young adult peers with personal lived experience of substance use recovery may meet this practical need. By drawing upon their shared experiences and skills developed in recovery, young adult peers can provide developmentally appropriate screening and intervention support to youth - while also providing urgently needed skills and time to under resourced settings. This article describes the value of young adult peer roles in expanding youth substance use prevention and early intervention, and features Project Amp as an example. Project Amp was designed as an extended, four-session brief intervention for low to moderate risk adolescents, delivered by trained young adult peers. Project Amp draws on best practices from peer recovery support and prevention and early intervention approaches such as SBIRT.
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22
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Wynn Y, Spithoff S, Buchman DZ. Cannabis legislation provides an opportunity to strengthen primary care substance use counseling. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2019; 65:777-779. [PMID: 31722906 PMCID: PMC6853362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yezarni Wynn
- Undergraduate medical student at the University of Toronto in Ontario
| | - Sheryl Spithoff
- Lecturer in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at the University of Toronto, and a family physician and an addiction physician in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at Women's College Hospital in Toronto
| | - Daniel Z Buchman
- Bioethicist at the University Health Network, a clinician investigator at the Krembil Research Institute, Assistant Professor in the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto, and a member of the University of Toronto Joint Centre for Bioethics.
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23
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Halladay J, Scherer J, MacKillop J, Woock R, Petker T, Linton V, Munn C. Brief interventions for cannabis use in emerging adults: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 204:107565. [PMID: 31751868 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review summarizes and critically appraises the existing literature on brief interventions (BIs) for cannabis use among emerging adults. METHODS Eligible BIs were operationalized as 1-2 sessions focused exclusively on cannabis use for samples with mean ages between 15 and 30. Outcomes related to cannabis use, other substance use, mental health, help-seeking, or functional status were included. Two independent reviewers screened a total of 3638 records, identifying 244 studies for full-text screening. In total, 32 BIs in 26 primary studies with 6318 participants were included. RESULTS Participants were typically not seeking treatment and using cannabis at least once a month. Most interventions were motivational, single sessions, and delivered in person. Few discussed concurrent psychiatric conditions. Pooling results at 1-3 months post-intervention, BIs compared to passive control slightly reduced symptoms of cannabis use disorder (SMD -0.14 [95% CI -0.26 to -0.01]) and increased the odds of abstinence (OR 1.73 [95% CI 1.13-2.66]). Other outcome results often favored BIs but were not significant. Results of studies comparing types of BIs (k = 8) or BIs to longer interventions (k = 1) are discussed narratively. Quality assessment suggested low to very low-quality evidence. CONCLUSIONS This review indicates that BIs targeting non-treatment seeking emerging adults result in significant reductions in symptoms of cannabis use disorder and an increased likelihood of cannabis abstinence, however evidence is of low quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Halladay
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4S4, Canada.
| | - Justin Scherer
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th St, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3K7, Canada.
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th St, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3K7, Canada; Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4S4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4S4, Canada.
| | - Rachel Woock
- Department of Health, Aging, and Society, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4S4, Canada.
| | - Tashia Petker
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th St, Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 3K7, Canada.
| | - Vanessa Linton
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4S4, Canada.
| | - Catharine Munn
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4S4, Canada; Michael G. DeGroote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4S4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4S4, Canada.
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24
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Wynn Y, Spithoff S, Buchman DZ. [Not Available]. CANADIAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN MEDECIN DE FAMILLE CANADIEN 2019; 65:e456-e458. [PMID: 31722924 PMCID: PMC6853342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yezarni Wynn
- Étudiant en médecine au niveau prédoctoral à l'Université de Toronto (Ontario)
| | - Sheryl Spithoff
- Chargée de cours au Département de médecine familiale et communautaire de l'Université de Toronto, médecin de famille et en médecine des dépendances au Département de médecine familiale et communautaire de l'Hôpital Women's College à Toronto
| | - Daniel Z Buchman
- Bioéthicien au Réseau universitaire de la santé, clinicien chercheur au Krembil Research Institute, professeur adjoint à la Faculté Dalla Lana de santé publique de l'Université de Toronto, et membre du Joint Centre for Bioethics de l'Université de Toronto.
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25
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Gilmartin-Thomas JFM, Sleath B, Cooper Bailey S, Carpenter DM, Chater A, MacAllister C, Pyzik O, Wayman B, Annis IE, Smith F. Preparing pharmacy students to communicate effectively with adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2019; 28:134-141. [PMID: 31576626 DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop an elective workshop designed to equip pharmacy students with skills to effectively communicate with adolescents. To conduct preliminary evaluation of the workshop to assess its impact on pharmacy student perceived confidence and knowledge relating to the importance of adolescent counselling and counselling techniques. METHODS Academics from three universities in three countries collaborated on the workshop development and evaluation. The workshop structure was designed upon the foundations of communication best practices and established techniques, and it consisted of two online modules and an in-person tutorial. Pharmacy students undertaking a 4-year Bachelor, Master or Doctor of Pharmacy degree from all three participating universities evaluated the workshop via pre- and post-questionnaires. KEY FINDINGS A total of 81 pharmacy students volunteered to attend and evaluate the workshop. Of these 81 students, 31 completed paired pre- and post-questionnaires, 44 students completed unpaired questionnaires and six students were lost to follow-up. Of the paired pre- and post-questionnaires, students were mostly female (67.7%) with an average age of 24.9 years (standard deviation, SD = 5.6) and were in the first (32.3%), second (16.1%) or third (51.6%) year of their pharmacy programme. Over 80% of students somewhat or strongly agreed that the workshop made them feel more comfortable speaking with young people in pharmacy settings. Mean (SD) perceived confidence (pre = 21.7 (4.0) and post = 24.9 (4.5)) and knowledge scores (pre = 5.2 (1.5) and post = 6.6 (1.6)) significantly improved after undertaking the workshop. CONCLUSIONS The workshop increased pharmacy student perceived confidence and knowledge relating to the importance of adolescent counselling and counselling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia F M Gilmartin-Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Betsy Sleath
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Child and Adolescent Health Research Program, Cecil G Sheps Center for Health Services Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stacy Cooper Bailey
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Delesha M Carpenter
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Angel Chater
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK.,Faculty of Education and Sport, Centre for Health, Wellbeing and Behaviour Change, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK
| | - Catherine MacAllister
- Center for Innovation in Pharmacy Simulations, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Oksana Pyzik
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
| | - Brandi Wayman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Izabela E Annis
- Division of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Felicity Smith
- Research Department of Practice and Policy, University College London School of Pharmacy, London, UK
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Strait GG, Strait JE, Schanding T, Anderson JR, Stinson D, Schmidt S, Kim SY. Ethical Considerations for Using School-Based Motivational Interviewing with Parents, Teachers, and Students. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15377903.2019.1665606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald G. Strait
- School Psychology and Health Service Psychology Programs, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Julia Englund Strait
- School Psychology and Health Service Psychology Programs, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Thomas Schanding
- School Psychology and Health Service Psychology Programs, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Diana Stinson
- Health Service Psychology Psy.D. Program, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stephanie Schmidt
- School Psychology Specialist Program, University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel Y. Kim
- School Psychology Program, Texas Woman’s University, Denton, Texas, USA
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Davis AK, Arterberry BJ. Passion for Marijuana Use Mediates the Relations between Refusal Self-Efficacy and Marijuana Use and Associated Consequences. J Psychoactive Drugs 2019; 51:343-350. [PMID: 30947640 PMCID: PMC6764850 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2019.1596334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Marijuana (MJ) refusal self-efficacy and obsessive/harmonious passion for MJ use are associated with use and related consequences but have not been examined simultaneously. We examined the relation among obsessive/harmonious passion for MJ use, refusal self-efficacy, frequency of use, and related consequences in an online community sample (n = 524; mean age = 23.78; 87.5% male). A path analysis revealed that, while controlling for the relationship between MJ use and consequences, lower refusal self-efficacy was related to greater obsessive passion and to greater harmonious passion, and was associated with more consequences but not with MJ use. Greater obsessive passion was associated with greater MJ use frequency and consequences, and greater harmonious passion was related to greater MJ use frequency and fewer consequences. Obsessive passion mediated the relation between lower refusal self-efficacy and greater MJ use and more consequences, and harmonious passion mediated the relation between lower refusal self-efficacy and consequences. Passion mediates the relationships between refusal self-efficacy and MJ use and consequences, with obsessive passion being the stronger mediator. Passion could be a relevant target in interventions aimed at changing a person's MJ use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K Davis
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Hansen WB, Scheier LM. Specialized Smartphone Intervention Apps: Review of 2014 to 2018 NIH Funded Grants. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e14655. [PMID: 31359866 PMCID: PMC6690163 DOI: 10.2196/14655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The widespread adoption of smartphones provides researchers with expanded opportunities for developing, testing and implementing interventions. National Institutes of Health (NIH) funds competitive, investigator-initiated grant applications. Funded grants represent the state of the science and therefore are expected to anticipate the progression of research in the near future. Objective The objective of this paper is to provide an analysis of the kinds of smartphone-based intervention apps funded in NIH research grants during the five-year period between 2014 and 2018. Methods We queried NIH Reporter to identify candidate funded grants that addressed mHealth and the use of smartphones. From 1524 potential grants, we identified 397 that met the requisites of including an intervention app. Each grant’s abstract was analyzed to understand the focus of intervention. The year of funding, type of activity (eg, R01, R34, and so on) and funding were noted. Results We identified 13 categories of strategies employed in funded smartphone intervention apps. Most grants included either one (35.0%) or two (39.0%) intervention approaches. These included artificial intelligence (57 apps), bionic adaptation (33 apps), cognitive and behavioral therapies (68 apps), contingency management (24 apps), education and information (85 apps), enhanced motivation (50 apps), facilitating, reminding and referring (60 apps), gaming and gamification (52 apps), mindfulness training (18 apps), monitoring and feedback (192 apps), norm setting (7 apps), skills training (85 apps) and social support and social networking (59 apps). The most frequently observed grant types included Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) grants (40.8%) and Research Project Grants (R01s) (26.2%). The number of grants funded increased through the five-year period from 60 in 2014 to 112 in 2018. Conclusions Smartphone intervention apps are increasingly competitive for NIH funding. They reflect a wide diversity of approaches that have significant potential for use in applied settings.
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van de Ven K, Ritter A, Roche A. Alcohol and other drug (AOD) staffing and their workplace: examining the relationship between clinician and organisational workforce characteristics and treatment outcomes in the AOD field. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09687637.2019.1622649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katinka van de Ven
- Drug Policy Modelling Program (DPMP), Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alison Ritter
- Drug Policy Modelling Program (DPMP), Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ann Roche
- National Centre for Education and Training on Addiction (NCETA), Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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Multifaceted Quality Improvement Initiative Improves Retention in Treatment for Youth with Opioid Use Disorder. Pediatr Qual Saf 2019; 4:e174. [PMID: 31579873 PMCID: PMC6594786 DOI: 10.1097/pq9.0000000000000174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Introduction: There is a critical need to develop interventions that help adolescents and young adults with opioid use disorders (OUDs) connect with, engage in, and remain consistent with the treatment given that patients who develop long-term OUDs experience long-term medical and mental health sequelae. Methods: We implemented quality improvement (QI) processes to increase early engagement and 6-month retention within a medication-assisted treatment clinic for youth with OUDs. QI interventions included motivational interviewing (MI) staff training, implementation of reduced initial treatment requirements, reduction of access barriers to treatment, and enhancement of patient treatment motivation. We monitored the impact of the interventions via a p-chart. Results: A statistically significant shift was seen in the 6-month retention rate following both MI staff training and the use of reduced initial treatment requirements. Second visit return rate also experienced a statistically significant shift following transportation support and an incentive program. Discussion: Our data demonstrate that following MI staff training, reduced initial clinic requirements, transportation support, and utilization of an incentive program, the second visit return rate, and 6-month retention rate improved within an outpatient medication-assisted treatment clinic for youth with OUDs.
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Bath K, Hawke LD, Skilling T, Chaim G, Henderson J. The service-seeking profiles of youth reporting a legal mandate or perceived coercion for substance use treatment. Addict Behav 2019; 90:27-34. [PMID: 30352342 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is paucity of research on treatment-related coercion in youth: most research focuses on adult populations and legally mandated treatment. This study aims to examine the service-seeking profiles of youth with substance misuse issues who report a legal mandate or perceived coercion to enter treatment. METHODS Differences between youth who were legally mandated and not legally mandated, and differences between youth reporting high and low perceived coercion, were examined for demographic characteristics, mental health and substance use profiles, motivation, and readiness to change. RESULTS Compared to participants reporting low perceived coercion, those experiencing high perceived coercion reported more substance use problems, greater mental health needs, and greater external and introjected motivation. Legally mandated youth reported fewer mental health issues, lower identified motivation, and greater readiness to change than those reporting no legal mandate. DISCUSSION Many youth who present for substance use services report experiencing a sense of coercion, which suggests the potential importance of considering youth-centered strategies for involving youth in treatment planning and the development of treatment goals. Youth seeking treatment also have multiple intersecting needs which may benefit from a collaborative and integrative approach.
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Lee MT, Post SG, Wylie AB, Leibowitz GS, Gelboin-Burkhart C, Holiprosad D, Johnson BR, Turk AB, Zacharoff KL, Zakirkhodjaev N. Transposing the Adverse Social Dynamics of Adolescent Substance Use Disorders Into More Effective Treatment and Clinician Resilience. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2018.1559004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Lee
- Human Flourishing Program, Institute for Quantitative Social Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen G. Post
- Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Division of Medicine in Society, Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care & Bioethics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Andrew B. Wylie
- Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Aaron B. Turk
- Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kevin L. Zacharoff
- Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Nur Zakirkhodjaev
- Internal Medicine Resident, The Medical College of Ohio, Toledo, OH, USA
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Kuzma EK, Boucher N, Gray B, Burmester K, Ploutz-Snyder R, Strobbe S. Preparing Advanced Practice Registered Nursing Students to Deliver Adolescent SBIRT for Substance Use. J Nurs Educ 2018; 57:736-741. [DOI: 10.3928/01484834-20181119-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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McManama O'Brien KH, Sellers CM, Battalen AW, Ryan CA, Maneta EK, Aguinaldo LD, White E, Spirito A. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a brief alcohol intervention for suicidal adolescents in inpatient psychiatric treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat 2018; 94:105-112. [PMID: 30243410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use, both short-term intoxication and longer-term use, is a notable risk factor for suicide. Despite the strong relationship between alcohol use and suicidal thoughts and behaviors, providers typically treat these two problems independently. In particular, acute psychiatric care hospitalizations for adolescents are typically brief, and many only cursorily address alcohol use. Integrating a brief motivational enhancement intervention for alcohol use into an inpatient psychiatric hospitalization treatment protocol has the potential to enhance motivation to stop or reduce drinking if adolescents can more fully understand how it increases risk for suicidal behavior. This study tested the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of the Alcohol and Suicide Intervention for Suicidal Teens (ASIST), a brief motivational enhancement intervention targeting alcohol use and suicidal thoughts and behaviors for suicidal adolescents receiving inpatient psychiatric treatment. Results from a randomized pilot trial of ASIST (N = 50) revealed that the intervention was both feasible and acceptable, with 92% of those in the ASIST condition reporting that the intervention helped them to understand how their alcohol use is related to their suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Study findings suggest a larger randomized controlled trial may be warranted to test the effectiveness of ASIST with psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly H McManama O'Brien
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Education Development Center, Department of Innovation in Practice and Technology, 43 Foundry Ave, Waltham, MA 02453, United States of America.
| | - Christina M Sellers
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
| | - Adeline Wyman Battalen
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
| | - Colleen A Ryan
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Children's Specialized Hospital, Department of Medicine, 200 Somerset St., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States of America.
| | - Eleni K Maneta
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
| | - Laika D Aguinaldo
- Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, 121 South Main St., Providence, RI 02912, United States of America.
| | - Erina White
- Boston Children's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, 25 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Mightier, Boston, 200 Portland St., MA 02114, United States of America.
| | - Anthony Spirito
- Brown University, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, 121 South Main St., Providence, RI 02912, United States of America.
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Rasekh B, Saw YM, Azimi S, Kariya T, Yamamoto E, Hamajima N. Associations of treatment completion against drug addiction with motivational interviewing and related factors in Afghanistan. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018; 80:329-340. [PMID: 30214082 PMCID: PMC6125658 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.80.3.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increase in the number of drug treatment centers, patients with drug addicts have been increasing without the improvement of treatment in Afghanistan. This study aimed to examine the associations of the completion of drug addiction treatment with motivational interviewing (MI) and other factors among male drug users in Afghanistan. Subjects were patients admitted to Jangalak Hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan in 2014 and 2015. Systematic sampling and supplementary sampling were applied. The records of 327 males aged 18 to 54 years were collected from those of 3,373 male inpatients. Completion of treatment was defined as presence and receiving treatment in the hospital for at least 45 days. Multiple logistic regression models were applied to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the completion of drug addiction treatment. Among the patients, heroin was the most commonly used drug, followed by opium, crystal, hashish, and other drugs. Patients with treatment history for drug addiction (AOR 2.46; 95% CI 1.14-5.30), those attended MI before admission (AOR 43.98; 95% CI 17.21-112.39), and those used heroin (AOR 4.74; 95% CI 1.32-16.97) were more likely to complete the drug addiction treatment. Among the factors examined in this study, attending MI was most strongly associated with the completion of drug addiction treatment. Amendments to policies to include compulsory MI in standard operational procedures of drug addiction treatment before hospitalization may be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakhtar Rasekh
- Drug Demand Reduction Department, Ministry of Public Health, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Yu Mon Saw
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sayed Azimi
- Mental Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Tetsuyoshi Kariya
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiko Yamamoto
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Halladay J, Petker T, Fein A, Munn C, MacKillop J. Brief interventions for cannabis use in emerging adults: protocol for a systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map. Syst Rev 2018; 7:106. [PMID: 30045752 PMCID: PMC6060526 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-018-0772-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rates of cannabis use are highest during emerging adulthood (age 18-25), with the prevalence of near daily and daily increasing among this age group. Emerging adults are clinically challenging in terms of harmful cannabis use due to perceptions of high rates of peer use, social acceptance, and low risk of harm. Brief interventions to increase awareness and promote motivation to change are therefore particularly important for this age group. There is existing evidence on the effectiveness of brief interventions for alcohol in emerging adults, but it is not clear if comparable evidence is present for cannabis. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize and critically appraise the existing literature of brief interventions for cannabis use both narratively, to describe the content and delivery of existing interventions, and meta-analytically, to determine the aggregated efficacy of these interventions on cannabis use and other outcomes (e.g., other substance use, mental health, help-seeking behaviors, and academic and occupational outcomes). METHODS A systematic search of randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental trials, and pre-post designs will be conducted in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Allied and Complementary Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycINFO. Ongoing trials will be identified using the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, ClinicalTrials.gov , and Current Controlled Trials. Unpublished trials will be identified using Proquest Dissertations, OpenGrey, Google Scholar, and brief interventions on the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration webpage. Two authors will independently screen and extract data from articles using a predetermined screening and extraction forms (which will include risk of bias assessments). Calibration exercises will be performed prior to full screening and extraction. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. All studies will be reported narratively, and if appropriate, we will perform random effects meta-analyses with subgroup analyses and meta-regression. DISCUSSION Results of this review are expected to provide guidance on the content, delivery methods, and effectiveness of brief interventions for cannabis use to assist post-secondary institutions in identifying brief intervention strategies to implement prior to or in response to legalization. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION CRD42018085412.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian Halladay
- Department of Health Research, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Michael G. De Groote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada
| | - Tashia Petker
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Allan Fein
- Michael G. De Groote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada
| | - Catharine Munn
- Michael G. De Groote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Michael G. De Groote Centre for Medicinal Cannabis Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
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Årstad J, Nesvåg SM, Njå ALM, Biong SN. How enough becomes enough: Processes of change prior to treatment for substance use disorder. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2018.1436608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janne Årstad
- Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sverre Martin Nesvåg
- Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Anne-Lill Mjølhus Njå
- Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Stian Nissen Biong
- Centre for Mental Health and Substance Abuse, University College of South-East Norway, Faculty of Health Sciences, Drammen, Norway
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Stein MD, Caviness CM, Morse EF, Grimone KR, Audet D, Herman DS, Moitra E, Anderson BJ. A developmental-based motivational intervention to reduce alcohol and marijuana use among non-treatment-seeking young adults: a randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2018; 113:440-453. [PMID: 28865169 PMCID: PMC5807100 DOI: 10.1111/add.14026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To test the hypothesis that among non-treatment-seeking emerging adults (EA) who both use marijuana and have alcohol binges, a brief, longitudinally delivered, developmentally based motivational intervention would show greater reductions in the use of these two substances compared with a health education control condition. DESIGN Parallel, two-group, randomized controlled trial with follow-up interventions conducted at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months and final assessments at 12 and 15 months. SETTING Hospital-based research unit in the United States. PARTICIPANTS Community-based 18-25-year-olds who reported at least monthly binge drinking and at least weekly marijuana use. INTERVENTION Motivational intervention (EA-MI) focused primarily on themes of emerging adulthood (identity exploration, instability, self-focus, feeling in-between, a sense of possibilities) and the subjects' relationship to substance use (n = 110) compared with an attention-matched health education control condition (n = 116). MEASUREMENTS The primary outcomes were days of binge alcohol, marijuana and dual use day as measured using the timeline follow-back method analysing the treatment by time interaction to determine relative differences in the rate of change between intervention arms. FINDINGS At baseline, the mean rate (days/30) of binge drinking was 5.23 (± 4.31) of marijuana use was 19.4 (± 10.0) and of dual (same day) use was 4.11 (± 4.13). Relative to baseline, there were reductions in the rate of binge alcohol use, marijuana use and days of combined binge alcohol and marijuana use (P < 0.001) at all follow-up assessments. However, the treatment × time interaction was not statistically significant for alcohol (P = 0.37), for marijuana (P = 0.07) or for dual use (P = 0.55). Averaged over all follow-ups, mean reductions in binge, marijuana and dual use days were 1.16, 1.45 and 1.08, respectively, in the health education arm, and 1.06, 1.69 and 0.96 in EA-MI. Bayes factors were < 0.01 for frequency of binge alcohol use and frequency of dual binge alcohol and marijuana and 0.016 for marijuana use. CONCLUSIONS A brief, longitudinally delivered, developmentally based motivational intervention for young adults did not produce reductions in binge alcohol, marijuana use or dual use days relative to a control condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Stein
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118
| | - Celeste M. Caviness
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
| | - Emily F. Morse
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
| | - Kristin R. Grimone
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
| | - Daniel Audet
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
| | - Debra S. Herman
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Ethan Moitra
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Bradley J. Anderson
- Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Department, Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906
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Davis AK, Arterberry BJ, Bonar EE, Bohnert KM, Walton MA. Why do young people consume marijuana? Extending motivational theory via the Dualistic Model of Passion. TRANSLATIONAL ISSUES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2018; 4:54-64. [PMID: 29732383 DOI: 10.1037/tps0000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated an extended model of motivation for consuming marijuana by combining motivational theory and the dualistic model of passion. An online sample of 524 young, frequent marijuana consumers (Mage = 24; 88% male; Mpast-30-days=21; Mode=31; 50% used 25-31 days) self-administered several questionnaires including the Marijuana-Harmonious and Obsessive Passion Scale and the Marijuana Motives Measure. Intercorrelations among the obsessive and harmonious passion and motives subscales were small-to-medium. A canonical correlation analysis revealed that obsessive passion was significantly positively associated with coping and conformity motives, while controlling for marijuana use, other motives, and harmonious passion scores. Additionally, harmonious passion was significantly positively associated with expansion, social, enhancement, and coping motives, while controlling for marijuana use and obsessive passion scores. A second canonical correlation analysis revealed that, when motive and passion subscales were included as independent predictors of recent marijuana use and related consequences, high obsessive passion and coping motives emerged as significant predictors of recent use and related consequences. Moreover, high harmonious passion and using less for conformity motives emerged as significant predictors of recent marijuana use. These results demonstrate that passion is related to, but not a proxy for, previously established motives for marijuana use and that, when examined simultaneously, both types of passion predict recent consumption but appear to differentiate whether one will experience use-related consequences. Researchers and clinicians could evaluate whether addressing obsessive passion and coping motives reduces or ameliorates negative outcomes associated with consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan K Davis
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Brooke J Arterberry
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Erin E Bonar
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kipling M Bohnert
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,HSR&D Center for Clinical Management Research (CCMR), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 16 Floor 2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maureen A Walton
- Addiction Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.,Injury Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, 2800 Plymouth Road, NCRC10-G080, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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McManama O’Brien KH, Aguinaldo LD, White E, Sellers CM, Spirito A. A Brief Alcohol Intervention During Inpatient Psychiatric Hospitalization for Suicidal Adolescents. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Reyes-Rodríguez MF, Mejía-Trujillo J, Pérez-Gómez A, Cardozo F, Pinto C. Effectiveness of a Brief Intervention based on Motivational Interviewing in Colombian Adolescents. PSICOLOGIA: TEORIA E PESQUISA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0102.3772e33421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Prevention science has identified evidence-based strategies for reducing alcohol and other drug use among adolescents, such as Brief Interventions (BI) and Motivational Interviewing (MI). However, there is little evidence about the effectiveness of these practices in Colombia. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of the preventive program Brief Intervention based on Motivational Interviewing (BIMI) in reducing alcohol use in adolescents. The program was administered to 3,159 secondary students through a within-subjects design. The results showed that BIMI is a preventive strategy that diminishes the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption. The study examines how the elapsed time between sessions influences the results. Implications for prevention and evaluation methodologies are discussed.
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Blevins CE, Walker DD, Stephens RS, Banes KE, Roffman RA. Changing social norms: The impact of normative feedback included in motivational enhancement therapy on cannabis outcomes among heavy-using adolescents. Addict Behav 2018; 76:270-274. [PMID: 28886575 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heavy cannabis use is a problematic behavior, particularly among some adolescents. Adolescents are particularly prone to social influence. As such, injunctive norms (perceptions of others' approval of cannabis use) and descriptive norms (perception of frequency of others' cannabis use) influence cannabis behavior. Given that norms are not always accurate, motivational enhancement therapy aims to reduce cannabis use through normative feedback and correction of normative misconceptions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between perceived norms (descriptive and injunctive) and cannabis-related outcomes (use, cannabis-related problems, and cannabis use disorder symptoms) in a heavy cannabis-using adolescent population receiving motivational enhancement therapy. METHODS Heavy cannabis-using individuals (n=252, 68% male, mean age 13.38, 59% Caucasian) were recruited from six Seattle high schools for a motivational enhancement therapy-based intervention involving normative feedback. RESULTS Participants perceived higher rates of cannabis use among close friends than other same age teens and reported a higher perception of approval for cannabis use from close friends as compared to perceived approval of other same aged peers. Personal approval and the perceived approval of other same age teens were reduced following the intervention but there was no evidence of change in normative perceptions for close friends following the normative feedback interventions. Changes in normative perceptions were related to decreases in cannabis use and -related outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest the importance of normative feedback in changing behavior in adolescent cannabis users, but also highlight the ongoing influence of close friends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Blevins
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, United States.
| | | | - Robert S Stephens
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Kelsey E Banes
- Palo Alto VA Health Care Center, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Spirito A, Hernandez L, Cancilliere MK, Graves HR, Rodriguez AM, Operario D, Jones R, Barnett NP. Parent and Adolescent Motivational Enhancement Intervention for Substance-Using, Truant Adolescents: A Pilot Randomized Trial. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 47:S467-S479. [PMID: 29252011 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2017.1399402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present the results of a treatment development study designed to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of motivational enhancement therapy (MET) for substance using, truant adolescents plus the Family Check-Up (FCU) for parents. A randomized controlled trial was used to test the hypothesis that MET plus the FCU (MET/FCU) would lead to greater reductions in alcohol and marijuana use as well as truant behavior compared to a psychoeducation (PE) condition delivered to both adolescents and parents. Participants (n = 69; M age = 15.8 years) were 39% female, 59% White, and 31% Hispanic/Latino. Adolescents were referred from family court, from school truancy courts, from school counselors, or after presentations in high school health classes. Eligible participants reported using marijuana at least 3 times in the prior 90 days and a history of school truancy in the prior school year. The MET/FCU condition was found to be feasible to implement and was acceptable to both adolescents and parents. The PE condition was also found to be an acceptable and credible comparison condition by participants. Results at the 6-month follow-up favored MET/FCU over PE on days of marijuana use and number of times marijuana was smoked per day (medium effect), high volume drinking days and other drug use (small to medium effects), truancy indicators (small effects), parental monitoring (medium to large effects), and parent-teen problem solving (medium to large effects). A larger study to test the efficacy of the MET/FCU appears warranted based on these promising findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Spirito
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies , Brown University.,b Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior , The Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Lynn Hernandez
- c Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences , Brown University School of Public Health
| | | | - Hannah R Graves
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies , Brown University
| | | | - Don Operario
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies , Brown University.,c Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences , Brown University School of Public Health
| | - Richard Jones
- b Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior , The Alpert Medical School of Brown University
| | - Nancy P Barnett
- a Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies , Brown University.,c Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences , Brown University School of Public Health
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Gilder DA, Geisler JR, Luna JA, Calac D, Monti PM, Spillane NS, Lee JP, Moore RS, Ehlers CL. A pilot randomized trial of Motivational Interviewing compared to Psycho-Education for reducing and preventing underage drinking in American Indian adolescents. J Subst Abuse Treat 2017; 82:74-81. [PMID: 29021119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Underage drinking is an important public health issue for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adolescents, as it is for U. S. teens of all ethnicities. One of the demonstrated risk factors for the development of alcohol use disorders in AI/AN is early age of initiation of drinking. To address this issue a randomized trial to assess the efficacy of Motivational Interviewing (MI) compared to Psycho-Education (PE) to reduce and prevent underage drinking in AI/AN youth was developed and implemented. Sixty-nine youth received MI or PE and 87% were assessed at follow-up. For teens who were already drinking, participating in the intervention (MI or PE) was associated, at follow-up, with lower quantity×frequency (q×f) of drinking (p=0.011), fewer maximum drinks per drinking occasion (p=0.004), and fewer problem behaviors (p=0.009). The MI intervention resulted in male drinkers reporting a lower q×f of drinking (p=0.048) and female drinkers reporting less depression (p=0.011). In teens who had not started drinking prior to the intervention, 17% had initiated drinking at follow-up. As a group they reported increased quantity×frequency of drinking (p=0.008) and maximum drinks (p=0.047), but no change in problem behaviors. These results suggest that intervening against underage drinking using either MI or PE in AI/AN youth can result in reduced drinking, prevention of initiation of drinking, and other positive behavioral outcomes. Brief interventions that enhance motivation to change as well as Psycho-Education may provide a successful approach to reducing the potential morbidity of underage drinking in this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Gilder
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | | | - Juan A Luna
- Southern California Tribal Health Center, CA, USA.
| | - Daniel Calac
- Southern California Tribal Health Center, CA, USA.
| | - Peter M Monti
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box G-S121-5, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Nichea S Spillane
- Department of Psychology, Rhode Island University, 306 Chafee Hall, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
| | - Juliet P Lee
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Ave., Ste. 1200, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
| | - Roland S Moore
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Ave., Ste. 1200, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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45
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The consequences of chronic cannabis smoking in vulnerable adolescents. Paediatr Respir Rev 2017; 24:44-53. [PMID: 27986504 DOI: 10.1016/j.prrv.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cannabis, like the mythic shape-shifter, presents in various guises, morphing with the perspective and context of the observer. Arguments about cannabis are confused by a myriad of debates-medical, social, ethical and political-as if a single conceptual umbrella can capture the variety and granularity of marijuana-related issues. This paper responds to marijuana use as it is commonly practised by youth in Australia. It has little to say about synthetic cannabinoids, specific medicinal cannabinoids, or medicinal properties of marijuana. We address those adolescents genetically and environmentally vulnerable to mental illness, with specific emphasis on indigenous and neurodevelopmentally impaired young people who show patterns of usage and response very different to adults and more resilient members of the population. Specifically, the practice of mixing tobacco with marijuana by aboriginal youth, and the resultant coalition of dependencies, will likely presage a rise in pulmonary and central nervous system pathology over the coming decades. Aboriginal youth begin using earlier, persist longer, and take greater quantities of cannabis than non-indigenous youth. This paper recommends practical interventions to reduce the multiple health consequences of chronic cannabis use in young people, especially indigenous young people.
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Rindlisbacher F, Davis JM, Ramseier CA. Dental students' self-perceived communication skills for patient motivation. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2017; 21:166-174. [PMID: 26960781 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate dental students' self-perceived communication skills for patient motivation over the course of their training. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pre-clinical and clinical dental students at the University of Bern School of Dental Medicine were surveyed annually from 2008 to 2011 utilising a written questionnaire. Self-reported data were pooled from all classes per time-point in the curriculum. RESULTS A total of 157 students were surveyed from five classes with an overall response rate of 94.8%. A total of 393 questionnaires were available for analysis. The self-perceived skill-sets for general patient care and patient communication were rated at the end of the first clinical year with mean Visual Analog Scale values of 75.0 ± 1.6 and 75.1 ± 1.5, respectively. During the second clinical year, the self-perceived skills increased in both patient care (82.5 ± 1.2, P = 0.0004) and patient communication (81.4 ± 1.4, P = 0.0034). The students rated their competence higher when providing oral hygiene instructions as opposed to motivating patients to quit tobacco use, modify their diet or employ stress-reduction strategies (P < 0.005). At the end of the pre-clinical year, 74.5% of the students expressed interest in receiving more extensive communication training (P < 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Though dental students in this study demonstrated a steady increase in their level of comfort motivating patients to utilise oral hygiene instructions, they also expressed the desire for more motivational training early in their curriculum. Therefore, these results may indicate the need to enhance communications training in patient motivation on all behavioural aspects early in the dental curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rindlisbacher
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J M Davis
- School of Allied Health, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - C A Ramseier
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Dupont HB, Candel MJJM, Lemmens P, Kaplan CD, van de Mheen D, De Vries NK. Stages of Change Model has Limited Value in Explaining the Change in Use of Cannabis among Adolescent Participants in an Efficacious Motivational Interviewing Intervention. J Psychoactive Drugs 2017; 49:363-372. [PMID: 28548619 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1325030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, a Dutch randomized controlled trial evaluating an intervention aimed at changing adolescents' cannabis use, called Moti-4, has shown its efficacy. A secondary analysis of the Moti-4 data investigated the process of change specified by the Stage of Change (SOC) model in cannabis use during the trial. Seventy-one Moti-4 participants and 60 controls were recruited for the study with a pre-test, post-test (T1), and six-month follow-up (T2). All participants showed signs of problematic cannabis use. No contribution of the Moti-4 intervention to a change in SOC between T1 and T2 was found. Although motivation for treatment and motivation for change can be conceived as independent predictors of treatment outcome, the SOC a person is in does not mediate the effect of the intervention on change in cannabis use. However, a reduction in cannabis use was associated with a positive change in "action willingness," in line with the SOC model. In contrast to model expectations, a higher score on "contemplation" is associated with a higher cannabis consumption. Results highlight both the limitations and usefulness of the SOC model. Future interventions may focus more on the stage of "action willingness," as well as on perceived social norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans B Dupont
- a Moti-4 Research Project Coordinator, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , the Netherlands.,b Manager, Addiction Prevention Department , Mondriaan , Heerlen , the Netherlands
| | - Math J J M Candel
- b Manager, Addiction Prevention Department , Mondriaan , Heerlen , the Netherlands
| | - Paul Lemmens
- c Professor, Statistical Department, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , the Netherlands
| | - Charles D Kaplan
- d Assistant Professor, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , the Netherlands
| | - Dike van de Mheen
- e Research Professor and Associate Dean of Research, Hamovitch Center for Science in the Human Services, School of Social Work , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,f Professor, Tranzo, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University , Tilburg , the Netherlands.,g Manager, Addiction Research Institute , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Nanne K De Vries
- h Dean, CAPHRI, School for Public Health and Primary Care , Maastricht University , Maastricht , the Netherlands
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Gilder DA, Geisler JR, Luna JA, Calac D, Monti PM, Spillane NS, Lee JP, Moore RS, Ehlers CL. WITHDRAWN: A randomized trial of motivational interviewing for the prevention of underage drinking in American Indian adolescents. J Subst Abuse Treat 2017:S0740-5472(17)30170-8. [PMID: 28487187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2017.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A Gilder
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | | - Juan A Luna
- Southern California Tribal Health Center, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Calac
- Southern California Tribal Health Center, CA, USA
| | - Peter M Monti
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Box G-S121-5, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Nichea S Spillane
- Department of Psychology, 306 Chafee Hall, Rhode Island University, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Juliet P Lee
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Ave., Ste. 1200, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Roland S Moore
- Prevention Research Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 180 Grand Ave., Ste. 1200, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
| | - Cindy L Ehlers
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Neurosciences, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, SP30-1501, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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49
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Establishing Theoretical Stability and Treatment Integrity for Motivational Interviewing. Behav Cogn Psychother 2017; 45:337-350. [PMID: 28401826 DOI: 10.1017/s1352465817000145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is increasing evidence claiming the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) in promoting behavioural change. However, ongoing changes to MI theory and practice have implications for its transferability, accessibility and for the validity of previous findings. Lack of practice consistency may make its effectiveness difficult to evaluate. AIMS This paper explores the complexity of MI and issues in the development of evidence-based practice in delivery, before describing issues related to practitioner application. METHOD Theoretical and practice developments over the last 30 years are reviewed under the headings theory, practice and efficacy. Specifically, developments across the three editions of the core MI texts are examined. RESULTS Findings from the literature suggest a lack of theoretical stability and practice integrity, with recent fundamental changes to the underpinning structure of MI. Issues relating to the transferability and acquisition of MI skills, consistency of delivery and mechanisms underlying change are discussed. CONCLUSIONS The authors call for greater theoretical stability, more transparency over how developments are based on theoretical principles and empirical outcomes, and clearer guidance about how this informs practice development and delivery of MI.
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Abstract
Transitional age youth (TAY), developing from adolescence to adulthood, exhibit the highest level of alcohol and other drug use of any other age group. Risk factors mirror those for the development of problems and disorders in adolescents. Early screening of both college students and noncollege high-risk TAY in the community is critical to early and effective intervention. Brief interventions using motivational techniques are effective for many TAY, particularly for those in early stages of problem use on college campuses. Professionals in contact with TAY should be aware of evidence-based interventions and providers for substance use disorders in the community.
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