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Bushover BR, Mehranbod CA, Gobaud AN, Branas CC, Chen Q, Giovenco DP, Humphreys DK, Morrison CN. Self-Report Survey Measures of Alcohol-Impaired Driving: A Systematic Review. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2023; 84:781-790. [PMID: 37096774 PMCID: PMC10600975 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.22-00435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol-impaired driving is a major contributor to motor vehicle crash deaths and injury. Many survey studies include self-report measures of alcohol-impaired driving, but no guidance is available to help researchers select from among available measures. The aims of this systematic review were to compile a list of measures that researchers have used previously, to compare performance between measures, and to identify the measures with highest validity and reliability. METHOD Literature searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified studies that assessed alcohol-impaired driving behavior through self-report. The measures from each study and, if available, indices of reliability or validity were extracted. Using the measures' text, we developed 10 codes to group similar measures and compare them. For example, the "alcohol effects" code refers to driving while feeling dizzy or lightheaded after drinking, and the "drink count" code pertains to the number of drinks someone consumed before driving. For measures with multiple items, each item was categorized separately. RESULTS After screening according to the eligibility criteria, 41 articles were included in the review. Thirteen articles reported on reliability. No articles reported on validity. The self-report measures with the highest reliability coefficients contained items from multiple codes, namely alcohol effects and drink count. CONCLUSIONS Self-report alcohol-impaired driving measures with multiple items evaluating distinct aspects of alcohol-impaired driving show better reliability than measures using a single item. Future work investigating the validity of these measures is needed to determine the best approach for conducting self-report research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brady R. Bushover
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Christina A. Mehranbod
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Ariana N. Gobaud
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Charles C. Branas
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Daniel P. Giovenco
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - David K. Humphreys
- Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher N. Morrison
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
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Romm KF, Patterson B, Wang Y, Wysota CN, Bar-Zeev Y, Levine H, Berg CJ. Drivers and Passengers in Vehicles Driven Under the Influence of Alcohol or Marijuana: Behavior Profiles and Risk Factors Among Young Adults in a Longitudinal Study. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2022; 83:342-351. [PMID: 35590174 PMCID: PMC9135000 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2022.83.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little research has examined psychosocial influences differentially associated with driving under the influence of alcohol and marijuana (DUIA/DUIM) or of being a passenger in a vehicle driven by someone under the influence of alcohol or marijuana (PVA/PVM). METHOD Using 2019 survey data among 2,375 young adults (M age = 24.66, 57.7% female, 51.2% in states with legal marijuana retail) in a longitudinal study examining vaping retail, we conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to identify classes of DUI-related behaviors and multinomial logistic regression to identify correlates of classes (e.g., individual, interpersonal, policy related). RESULTS A total of 22.6% reported past-month DUIA, 24.1% DUIM, 29.7% PVA, and 27.7% PVM. Of those reporting DUIA, 41.4% reported DUIM, 71.8% PVA, and 40.7% PVM. Of those reporting DUIM, 47.7% reported DUIA, 49.6% PVA, and 83.8% PVM. LCA indicated four classes: alcohol and marijuana risk takers (5.9%), all of whom reported DUIA and DUIM, 81.2% PVA, and 89.2% PVM; marijuana risk takers (14.2%), 45.1% DUIM, 100% PVM, 7.8% PVA, and 0% DUIA; alcohol risk takers (24.1%), 40.1% DUIA, 98.6% PVA, 2.6% DUIM, and 33.8% PVM; and low risk takers (55.8%), 8.7% DUIA, 4.5% DUIM, and 0% PVA/PVM. Relative to the other classes, alcohol and marijuana risk takers were more likely male, heterosexual, and White, and alcohol and marijuana risk takers reported greater depressive symptoms. Influences of parent/peer alcohol versus marijuana use were specific to the respective DUI risk behaviors. No differences emerged for legal marijuana retail. CONCLUSIONS Findings regarding those at particular risk, social influences, and situations under which DUI-related behaviors occur should inform future interventions and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn F. Romm
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Brooke Patterson
- Global Health Design, Monitoring & Evaluation, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Christina N. Wysota
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Yael Bar-Zeev
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem – Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem – Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carla J. Berg
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Romm KF, Patterson B, Wang Y, Wysota CN, Bar-Zeev Y, Levine H, Berg CJ. Drivers and Passengers in Vehicles Driven Under the Influence of Alcohol or Marijuana: Behavior Profiles and Risk Factors Among Young Adults in a Longitudinal Study. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2022; 83:342-351. [PMID: 35590174 PMCID: PMC9135000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little research has examined psychosocial influences differentially associated with driving under the influence of alcohol and marijuana (DUIA/DUIM) or of being a passenger in a vehicle driven by someone under the influence of alcohol or marijuana (PVA/PVM). METHOD Using 2019 survey data among 2,375 young adults (M age = 24.66, 57.7% female, 51.2% in states with legal marijuana retail) in a longitudinal study examining vaping retail, we conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to identify classes of DUI-related behaviors and multinomial logistic regression to identify correlates of classes (e.g., individual, interpersonal, policy related). RESULTS A total of 22.6% reported past-month DUIA, 24.1% DUIM, 29.7% PVA, and 27.7% PVM. Of those reporting DUIA, 41.4% reported DUIM, 71.8% PVA, and 40.7% PVM. Of those reporting DUIM, 47.7% reported DUIA, 49.6% PVA, and 83.8% PVM. LCA indicated four classes: alcohol and marijuana risk takers (5.9%), all of whom reported DUIA and DUIM, 81.2% PVA, and 89.2% PVM; marijuana risk takers (14.2%), 45.1% DUIM, 100% PVM, 7.8% PVA, and 0% DUIA; alcohol risk takers (24.1%), 40.1% DUIA, 98.6% PVA, 2.6% DUIM, and 33.8% PVM; and low risk takers (55.8%), 8.7% DUIA, 4.5% DUIM, and 0% PVA/PVM. Relative to the other classes, alcohol and marijuana risk takers were more likely male, heterosexual, and White, and alcohol and marijuana risk takers reported greater depressive symptoms. Influences of parent/peer alcohol versus marijuana use were specific to the respective DUI risk behaviors. No differences emerged for legal marijuana retail. CONCLUSIONS Findings regarding those at particular risk, social influences, and situations under which DUI-related behaviors occur should inform future interventions and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn F. Romm
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Brooke Patterson
- Global Health Design, Monitoring & Evaluation, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Christina N. Wysota
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Yael Bar-Zeev
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem – Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem – Hadassah Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carla J. Berg
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health; George Washington Cancer Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
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Tubman JG, Meca A, Schwartz SJ, Velazquez MR, Egbert AW, Soares MH, Regan T. Brief Underage Alcohol Use Screener Scores Predict Health Risk Behaviors. J Sch Nurs 2021; 37:323-332. [PMID: 31455127 PMCID: PMC7388151 DOI: 10.1177/1059840519871092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine if adolescents' scores on a 2-item underage alcohol use screener predict risky consequences of past-year alcohol use and other health risk behaviors in a nonclinical, school-based sample of adolescents. A predominantly minority sample of 756 middle and high school students completed in-school tablet-based surveys on past-year underage alcohol use and a range of health risk behaviors. Higher scores for self alcohol risk and peer alcohol risk were associated with higher risk of past-year riding with a drunk driver and past 90-day measures of cigarette use, marijuana use, unplanned sex, and unprotected intercourse. The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Brief Alcohol Screener is a useful tool for school-based service providers, including school nurses, to identify and address the needs of adolescents at high risk of the development of alcohol use disorders, as well as a range of preventable health risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan Meca
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
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Jacobs W, Idoko E, Montgomery L, Smith ML, Merianos AL. Concurrent E-cigarette and marijuana use and health-risk behaviors among U.S. high school students. Prev Med 2021; 145:106429. [PMID: 33476680 PMCID: PMC8194044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and marijuana remain prevalent problems among adolescents nationwide. We assessed current (past 30-day) exclusive e-cigarette use, exclusive marijuana use, and concurrent use with unintentional injury and violent behaviors, alcohol and other drug use behaviors, and sexual behaviors among U.S. high school students. We analyzed 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Survey data including 12,578 high school students nationwide. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to compare these health-risk behaviors among exclusive e-cigarette users, exclusive marijuana users, and concurrent users with non-users among the overall sample, and then to compare exclusive e-cigarette users and exclusive marijuana users with concurrent users among current users only. All models adjusted for adolescent sex, grade, and race/ethnicity, and other tobacco product use. Approximately 77% of students were non-users, 5.2% were exclusive e-cigarette users, 9.9% were exclusive marijuana users, and 7.8% were concurrent users. Compared to non-users, exclusive e-cigarette users and exclusive marijuana users were more likely to engage in most negative health-risk behaviors associated with unintentional injuries and violence, alcohol and other drug use, and sexual behaviors. Among current users only, exclusive e-cigarette users and exclusive marijuana users were at reduced odds of engaging in most of these health-risk behaviors when compared to concurrent users of both substances. The relationship between exclusive and concurrent e-cigarette and marijuana use and health-risk behaviors highlights the importance of comprehensive educational efforts during high school. Findings suggest need for more studies on influence of e-cigarette and marijuana use on injury and violence risk among youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wura Jacobs
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Stanislaus, One University Circle, Turlock, CA 95382, USA.
| | - Ehikowoicho Idoko
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, 2929 Research Parkway, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - LaTrice Montgomery
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 670559, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Matthew Lee Smith
- Center for Population Health and Aging, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab, College Station, TX 77843, USA; School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Lab, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210068, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.
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Roberts AJ, Moss A, Malik FS, Taplin C, Pihoker C, Hirsch IB, Read K, Yi-Frazier JP. Driving Safety in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes Spectr 2020; 33:352-357. [PMID: 33223774 PMCID: PMC7666609 DOI: 10.2337/ds20-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alissa J. Roberts
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- Corresponding author: Alissa J. Roberts,
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Sommer JL, El-Gabalawy R, Contractor AA, Weiss NH, Mota N. PTSD's risky behavior criterion: Associated risky and unhealthy behaviors and psychiatric correlates in a nationally representative sample. J Anxiety Disord 2020; 73:102247. [PMID: 32502805 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Criterion E2 ("reckless or self-destructive behavior") was added to the DSM-5 posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria to reflect the established association between PTSD and risky and unhealthy behaviors (RUBs); however, previous research has questioned its clinical significance. To determine whether criterion E2 adequately captures reckless/self-destructive behavior, we examined the prevalence and associations of RUBs (e.g., substance misuse, risky sexual behaviors) with criterion E2 endorsement. Further, we examined associations between criterion E2 and psychiatric conditions (e.g., depressive disorders, anxiety disorders) in a population-based sample of trauma-exposed adults. We analyzed data from the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (N = 36,309). The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-5 assessed lifetime DSM-5 psychiatric conditions and self-reported RUBs. Among trauma-exposed adults (n = 23,936), multiple logistic regressions examined criterion E2's associations with RUBs and psychiatric conditions. After adjusting for covariates, all RUBs were associated with E2 endorsement (AOR range: 1.58-3.97; most prevalent RUB among those who endorsed E2: greater substance use than intended [57.0 %]) except binge eating, and E2 endorsement was associated with increased odds of PTSD, bipolar disorder, substance use disorders, and schizotypal, borderline, and antisocial personality disorders (AOR range: 1.65-2.75), and decreased odds of major depressive disorder (AOR = 0.76). Results support the clinical significance of criterion E2 through identifying associated RUBs and distinct correlates. These results may inform screening and intervention strategies for at-risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordana L Sommer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Manitoba, 671 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0Z2, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Renée El-Gabalawy
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, University of Manitoba, 671 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 0Z2, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, 190 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada; Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3N4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3N4, Canada
| | - Ateka A Contractor
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, Denton, TX, 76203, United States
| | - Nicole H Weiss
- Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, 142 Flagg Road, Kingston, RI, 02881, United States
| | - Natalie Mota
- Department of Clinical Health Psychology, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3N4, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Manitoba, 771 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3E 3N4, Canada.
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Robinson T, Tarzi C, Zhou XG, Bailey K. Screening for alcohol and substance use in pediatric trauma patients: A retrospective review. J Pediatr Surg 2020; 55:921-925. [PMID: 32061364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Alcohol and drug use in adolescence is associated with traumatic injuries. This study aimed to assess the rates of screening for substance use in pediatric trauma patients presenting at a single Canadian center. METHODS A retrospective chart review of pediatric trauma patients (aged 12-17) was performed. Injury specifics, rates of patients screened for alcohol and/or substance use, and screening outcomes were determined. Patients screened were compared to those not screened. Continuous variables were analyzed using independent samples t-tests and categorical using chi-square. Significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS Three hundred twenty-seven patients were included, with 217(66%) being male. The average age was 14.6 years (±1.5). Traffic collisions accounted for 50% of injuries. A blood alcohol test was conducted for significantly more patients (199, 61%) than a urine drug screen (55, 17%; p < 0.001). Of those screened, 27/199(14%) tested positive for alcohol and 29/55(53%) for drugs. Older age and increased injury severity were associated with being screened for drugs (p = 0.000, p = 0.050). Only 39% of patients with positive screening tests were referred on to secondary services such as inpatient psychiatry or social work. CONCLUSION Screening rates remain low. Institutional guidelines for alcohol and drug screening in trauma patients should be instituted to avoid random screening and underestimations of substance involvement. TYPE OF STUDY Retrospective Chart Review. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa Robinson
- McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Pediatric General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Tarzi
- McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaoxi Grace Zhou
- McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Bailey
- McMaster Pediatric Surgery Research Collaborative, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Pediatric General Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Dora-Laskey AD, Goldstick JE, Buckley L, Bonar EE, Zimmerman MA, Walton MA, Cunningham RM, Carter PM. Trajectories of Driving after Drinking among Marijuana-Using Youth in the Emergency Department: Substance Use, Mental Health, and Peer and Parental Influences. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 55:175-187. [PMID: 31502499 PMCID: PMC6980673 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1660675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: The psychosocial correlates and longitudinal trajectories of driving after drinking (DAD) among youth remain understudied in at-risk populations. Objectives: We investigated the relationships of DAD trajectories and negative peer and parental influences, substance use, and mental health among predominantly marijuana-using youth seeking emergency department (ED) treatment. Methods: Data were from a 2-year prospective cohort study of drug-using patients (97.4% used marijuana) ages 14-24 seeking ED care for assault injury, or as part of a non-assaulted comparison group. Validated surveys measured DAD behaviors and correlates at baseline, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. Latent class growth analysis identified characteristic DAD trajectory groups; baseline predictors were analyzed descriptively and using multinomial logistic regression. Results: Three DAD trajectory groups were identified among driving-age youth (n = 580): no DAD (NDAD; 55.2%), low-steady (LDAD; 29.0%), and high-declining (HDAD; 15.9%). In unadjusted analyses, HDAD youth were older, but otherwise similar to other groups demographically. Compared to NDAD, LDAD and HDAD group members had higher rates of drug and alcohol use disorders (p < .001). Further, HDAD group members had higher rates of anxiety symptoms and were more likely to be diagnosed with PTSD or depression than NDAD or LDAD youth (p < .05). Negative peer and parent influences were significantly higher in progressively more severe trajectory groups (p < .01). Adjusted effects from the multinomial model were analogous for peer and parental influences and substance use disorders, but not mental health. Conclusion: DAD is strongly associated with negative social influences and substance use disorders among marijuana-using youth, reinforcing their importance when developing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Dora-Laskey
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Hurley Medical Center, Flint, Michigan, USA
| | - Jason E Goldstick
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lisa Buckley
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Erin E Bonar
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Marc A Zimmerman
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Youth Violence Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maureen A Walton
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Addiction Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rebecca M Cunningham
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Hurley Medical Center, Flint, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Youth Violence Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Patrick M Carter
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Injury Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- University of Michigan Youth Violence Prevention Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Berg CJ, Daniel CN, Vu M, Li J, Martin K, Le L. Marijuana Use and Driving Under the Influence among Young Adults: A Socioecological Perspective on Risk Factors. Subst Use Misuse 2018; 53:370-380. [PMID: 28777692 PMCID: PMC6088242 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2017.1327979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given increases in marijuana use and driving under the influence (DUI), it is critical to identify those at risk in order to inform intervention efforts. OBJECTIVES We used a socioecological framework to examine correlates of level of marijuana use and DUI in the past month among young adult marijuana users. METHODS We recruited 1567 participants aged 18-34 years via Facebook ads targeting tobacco and marijuana users in August 2014 to complete an online survey assessing marijuana use and DUI, as well as related multilevel factors. Analyses focused on 649 participants reporting past 30-day marijuana use. RESULTS The sample was an average age of 24.48 (SD = 5.10), 43.9% female, and 76.4% White and used marijuana an average of 17.86 (SD = 11.29) days in the past month. Notably, 48.4% reported driving after marijuana use at least once in the past month, and 74.0% were passengers. Multivariable regression indicated that greater use was associated with: being older; being male; greater symptoms of dependence; residing in a state with recreational marijuana legalized; having a medical marijuana card; having parents and more friends who use; higher coping motives; lower perceived harm to health; and less concern about driving after marijuana use (adjusted R-squared = 0.294). Correlates of driving after using marijuana in the past month included: being younger; more frequent use; having more friends who use; higher enhancement motives; and less concern about driving after using (Nagelkerke R-squared = 0.442). Conclusions/Importance: Interventions and campaigns should address social norms and risk perceptions regarding marijuana use, particularly as it relates to DUI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla J Berg
- a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Emory University School of Public Health , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Carmen N Daniel
- a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Emory University School of Public Health , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Milkie Vu
- a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Emory University School of Public Health , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Jingjing Li
- a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Emory University School of Public Health , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Kathleen Martin
- a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Emory University School of Public Health , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
| | - Lana Le
- a Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education , Emory University School of Public Health , Atlanta , Georgia , USA
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