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Ramsay E, Montaser AB, Niitsu K, Urtti A, Auriola S, Huttunen KM, Uchida Y, Kidron H, Terasaki T. Transporter Protein Expression of Corneal Epithelium in Rabbit and Porcine: Evaluation of Models for Ocular Drug Transport Study. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3204-3217. [PMID: 38809137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The transcorneal route is the main entry route for drugs to the intraocular parts, after topical administration. The outer surface, the corneal epithelium (CE), forms the rate-limiting barrier for drug permeability. Information about the role and protein expression of drug and amino acid transporter proteins in the CE is sparse and lacking. The aim of our study was to characterize transporter protein expression in rabbit and porcine CE to better understand potential drug and nutrient absorption after topical administration. Proteins, mainly Abc and Slc transporters, were characterized with quantitative targeted absolute proteomics and global untargeted proteomics methods. In the rabbit CE, 24 of 48 proteins were detected in the targeted approach, and 21 of these were quantified. In the porcine CE, 26 of 58 proteins were detected in the targeted approach, and 20 of these were quantified. Among these, 15 proteins were quantified in both animals: 4f2hc (Slc3a2), Aqp0, Asct1 (Slc1a4), Asct2 (Slc1a5), Glut1 (Slc2a1), Hmit (Slc2a13), Insr, Lat1 (Slc7a5), Mct1 (Slc16a1), Mct2 (Slc16a7), Mct4 (Slc16a3), Mrp 4 (Abcc4), Na+/K+-ATPase, Oatp3a1 (Slco3a1), and Snat2 (Slc38a2). Overall, the global proteomics results supported the targeted proteomics results. Organic anion transporting polypeptide Oatp3a1 was detected and quantified for the first time in both rabbit (1.4 ± 0.4 fmol/cm2) and porcine (11.1 ± 5.3 fmol/cm2) CE. High expression levels were observed for L-type amino acid transporter, Lat1, which was quantified with newly selected extracellular domain peptides in rabbit (48.9 ± 11.8 fmol/cm2) and porcine (37.6 ± 11.5 fmol/cm2) CE. The knowledge of transporter protein expression in ocular barriers is a key factor in the successful design of new ocular drugs, pharmacokinetic modeling, understanding ocular diseases, and the translation to human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ramsay
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ahmed B Montaser
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kanako Niitsu
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Auriola
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina M Huttunen
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yasuo Uchida
- Department of Molecular Systems Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Zhou Y, Xu M, Shen W, Xu Y, Shao A, Xu P, Yao K, Han H, Ye J. Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for Ocular Fundus Neovascularization Disease Management. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304626. [PMID: 38406994 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
As an indispensable part of the human sensory system, visual acuity may be impaired and even develop into irreversible blindness due to various ocular pathologies. Among ocular diseases, fundus neovascularization diseases (FNDs) are prominent etiologies of visual impairment worldwide. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs remains the primary therapy but is hurdled by common complications and incomplete potency. To renovate the current therapeutic modalities, nanomedicine emerged as the times required, which is endowed with advanced capabilities, able to fulfill the effective ocular fundus drug delivery and achieve precise drug release control, thus further improving the therapeutic effect. This review provides a comprehensive summary of advances in nanomedicine for FND management from state-of-the-art studies. First, the current therapeutic modalities for FNDs are thoroughly introduced, focusing on the key challenges of ocular fundus drug delivery. Second, nanocarriers are comprehensively reviewed for ocular posterior drug delivery based on the nanostructures: polymer-based nanocarriers, lipid-based nanocarriers, and inorganic nanoparticles. Thirdly, the characteristics of the fundus microenvironment, their pathological changes during FNDs, and corresponding strategies for constructing smart nanocarriers are elaborated. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of nanomedicine for FND management are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Wenyue Shen
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - An Shao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Haijie Han
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
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Moschovakou D, Ntoupa SP, Dona A, Athanaselis S, Spiliopoulou C, Nikolaou P, Papoutsis I. Vitreous humor in the forensic toxicology of quetiapine and its metabolites. Forensic Toxicol 2024:10.1007/s11419-024-00687-z. [PMID: 38615314 DOI: 10.1007/s11419-024-00687-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Τhe aim of the present study was to investigate the use of vitreous humor as an alternative biological material in forensic toxicology for the determination of quetiapine, 7-hydroxy-quetiapine, and nor-quetiapine. The distribution of these substances in vitreous humor was studied by determining and correlating their concentrations in vitreous humor with the respective concentrations in blood. METHODS During this study, a method for the determination of these substances was developed, validated and applied to postmortem samples obtained from 16 relative forensic cases. The sample preparation procedure included the isolation of the analytes from vitreous humor and blood samples using solid-phase extraction, with Bond Elut LRC C18 columns followed by derivatization with BSTFA with 1% TMCS prior to GC/MS analysis. RESULTS The developed method is characterized by a dynamic range of 10.0-1000.0 ng/mL (R2 ≥ 0.991) for the three substances, with a limit of detection and quantification of 3.0 and 10.0 ng/mL, respectively. Accuracy and precision were below 8.09% and 8.99%, respectively, for both biological materials, while absolute recovery for the three substances was greater than 81%. According to the results, quetiapine, 7-hydroxy-quetiapine, and nor-quetiapine are easily distributed in vitreous humor. CONCLUSION The results of the study indicate the usefulness of vitreous humor in toxicological analysis for the determination of these substances, especially when the traditional biological materials are not available. The levels of quetiapine and its metabolites in vitreous humor as well as the vitreous humor to blood concentration ratios can provide important information for a more thorough toxicological investigation of forensic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danai Moschovakou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 71, Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatina-Panagoula Ntoupa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Artemisia Dona
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Athanaselis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Chara Spiliopoulou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Nikolaou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papoutsis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias, 115 27, Athens, Greece.
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Ch S, Mishra P, Padaga SG, Ghosh B, Roy S, Biswas S. 3D-Printed Inherently Antibacterial Contact Lens-Like Patches Carrying Antimicrobial Peptide Payload for Treating Bacterial Keratitis. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300418. [PMID: 38258356 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Delivery of therapeutic agents through contact lenses-like patches is a promising strategy to achieve significant bioavailability with negligible eye drainage. The present study investigates the preparation and 3D printing of mucoadhesive gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)/chitosan methacryloyl (ChiMA) hydrogels to fabricate them as contact lens-like patches (CLP) loaded with antimicrobial peptide, S100A12 (AMP) for treating bacterial keratitis (BK). Extrusion technology is used to print the patches layer by layer to form a hemispherical scaffold suitable for eyewear, and 3D-printed CLP is crosslinked using Irgacure 2959 under UV light. The results from the in vivo experiment conducted on Pseudomonas aeruginosa-infected BK rabbit model after the treatment with AMP-loaded CLP have shown a significant decrease in bacterial load when plated for CFU. The newly developed delivery system containing AMP has great potential to overcome the treatment challenges of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacteria and eliminate the frequent dosing associated with eye drops. The presence of chitosan in the formulation provides a synergetic effect on the AMP in disrupting bacterial biofilms. The ease of using 3D printing will open new avenues for optimizing the dosage depending on the severity of the BK in the patients, which can be used as personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Ch
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Priyasha Mishra
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500034, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Sri Ganga Padaga
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Sanhita Roy
- Prof. Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500034, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
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Wang R, Li Y, Gao S, Zhang Y, He Z, Ji J, Yang X, Ye L, Zhao L, Liu A, Zhai G. An active transport dual adaptive nanocarrier designed to overcome the corneal microenvironment for neovascularization therapy. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:361-374. [PMID: 37982147 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01349a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The eyes have a complicated microenvironment with many clearance mechanisms, making it challenging for effective drug delivery to the targeted areas of the eyes. Substrate transport mediated by active transporters is an important way to change drug metabolism in the ocular microenvironment. We designed multifunctional, dual-adaptive nanomicelles (GSCQ@NTB) which could overcome multiple physiological barriers by acting on both the efflux transporter and influx transporter to achieve deep delivery of the P-gp substrate in the cornea. Specifically, an effective "triple" antiangiogenic agent, nintedanib (NTB), was loaded into the biocompatible micelles. The expression of the efflux transporter was reversed by grafting quercetin. The peptide (glycylsarcosine, GS) was modified to target the influx transporter "Peptide Transporter-1" (PepT-1). Quercetin (QRT) and nintedanib (NTB) were transported to the cornea cooperatively, achieving long retention on the ocular surface and high compatibility. In a New Zealand rabbit model, within 8 hours after local administration, GSCQ@NTB was enriched in corneal stromal neovascularization and effectively inhibited the progress of neovascularization. Its effectiveness is slightly better than that in the first-line clinical application of steroids. In this study, we introduce the preparation of a dual adaptive nano-micelle system, which may provide an effective non-invasive treatment for corneal neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), No. 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Zhijing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Jianbo Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoye Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.
| | - Anchang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), No. 758 Hefei Road, Qingdao, 266035, P.R. China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, P.R. China
| | - Guangxi Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, P.R. China.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Drug Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P.R. China.
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Ansari M, Kulkarni YA, Singh K. Advanced Technologies of Drug Delivery to the Posterior Eye Segment Targeting Angiogenesis and Ocular Cancer. Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst 2024; 41:85-124. [PMID: 37824419 DOI: 10.1615/critrevtherdrugcarriersyst.2023045298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB), a childhood retinal cancer is caused due to RB1 gene mutation which affects the child below 5 years of age. Angiogenesis has been proven its role in RB metastasis due to the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in RB cells. Therefore, exploring angiogenic pathway by inhibiting VEGF in treating RB would pave the way for future treatment. In preclinical studies, anti-VEGF molecule have shown their efficacy in treating RB. However, treatment requires recurrent intra-vitreal injections causing various side effects along with patient nonadherence. As a result, delivery of anti-VEGF agent to retina requires an ocular delivery system that can transport it in a non-invasive manner to achieve patient compliance. Moreover, development of these type of systems are challenging due to the complicated physiological barriers of eye. Adopting a non-invasive or minimally invasive approach for delivery of anti-VEGF agents would not only address the bioavailability issues but also improve patient adherence to therapy overcoming the side effects associated with invasive approach. The present review focuses on the eye cancer, angiogenesis and various novel ocular drug delivery systems that can facilitate inhibition of VEGF in the posterior eye segment by overcoming the eye barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Ansari
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Kavita Singh
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Mumbai 400056, India
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Lee H, Noh H. Advancements in Nanogels for Enhanced Ocular Drug Delivery: Cutting-Edge Strategies to Overcome Eye Barriers. Gels 2023; 9:718. [PMID: 37754399 PMCID: PMC10529109 DOI: 10.3390/gels9090718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomedicine in gel or particle formation holds considerable potential for enhancing passive and active targeting within ocular drug delivery systems. The complex barriers of the eye, exemplified by the intricate network of closely connected tissue structures, pose significant challenges for drug administration. Leveraging the capability of engineered nanomedicine offers a promising approach to enhance drug penetration, particularly through active targeting agents such as protein peptides and aptamers, which facilitate targeted release and heightened bioavailability. Simultaneously, DNA carriers have emerged as a cutting-edge class of active-targeting structures, connecting active targeting agents and illustrating their potential in ocular drug delivery applications. This review aims to consolidate recent findings regarding the optimization of various nanoparticles, i.e., hydrogel-based systems, incorporating both passive and active targeting agents for ocular drug delivery, thereby identifying novel mechanisms and strategies. Furthermore, the review delves into the potential application of DNA nanostructures, exploring their role in the development of targeted drug delivery approaches within the field of ocular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyeran Noh
- Department of Optometry, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Gongnung-ro 232, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea;
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Ramsay E, Lajunen T, Bhattacharya M, Reinisalo M, Rilla K, Kidron H, Terasaki T, Urtti A. Selective drug delivery to the retinal cells: Biological barriers and avenues. J Control Release 2023; 361:1-19. [PMID: 37481214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Retinal drug delivery is a challenging, but important task, because most retinal diseases are still without any proper therapy. Drug delivery to the retina is hampered by the anatomical and physiological barriers resulting in minimal bioavailability after topical ocular and systemic administrations. Intravitreal injections are current method-of-choice in retinal delivery, but these injections show short duration of action for small molecules and low target bioavailability for many protein, gene based drugs and nanomedicines. State-of-art delivery systems are based on prolonged retention, controlled drug release and physical features (e.g. size and charge). However, drug delivery to the retina is not cell-specific and these approaches do not facilitate intracellular delivery of modern biological drugs (e.g. intracellular proteins, RNA based medicines, gene editing). In this focused review we highlight biological factors and mechanisms that form the basis for the selective retinal drug delivery systems in the future. Therefore, we are presenting current knowledge related to retinal membrane transporters, receptors and targeting ligands in relation to nanomedicines, conjugates, extracellular vesicles, and melanin binding. These issues are discussed in the light of retinal structure and cell types as well as future prospects in the field. Unlike in some other fields of targeted drug delivery (e.g. cancer research), selective delivery technologies have been rarely studied, even though cell targeted delivery may be even more feasible after local administration into the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ramsay
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tatu Lajunen
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Madhushree Bhattacharya
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mika Reinisalo
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Rilla
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heidi Kidron
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Arto Urtti
- Drug Research Programme, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1 C, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Tsung TH, Tsai YC, Lee HP, Chen YH, Lu DW. Biodegradable Polymer-Based Drug-Delivery Systems for Ocular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12976. [PMID: 37629157 PMCID: PMC10455181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery is a challenging field due to the unique anatomical and physiological barriers of the eye. Biodegradable polymers have emerged as promising tools for efficient and controlled drug delivery in ocular diseases. This review provides an overview of biodegradable polymer-based drug-delivery systems for ocular diseases with emphasis on the potential for biodegradable polymers to overcome the limitations of conventional methods, allowing for sustained drug release, improved bioavailability, and targeted therapy. Natural and synthetic polymers are both discussed, highlighting their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Various formulation strategies, such as nanoparticles, hydrogels, and microemulsions, among others, are investigated, detailing preparation methods, drug encapsulation, and clinical applications. The focus is on anterior and posterior segment drug delivery, covering glaucoma, corneal disorders, ocular inflammation, retinal diseases, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Safety considerations, such as biocompatibility evaluations, in vivo toxicity studies, and clinical safety, are addressed. Future perspectives encompass advancements, regulatory considerations, and clinical translation challenges. In conclusion, biodegradable polymers offer potential for efficient and targeted ocular drug delivery, improving therapeutic outcomes while reducing side effects. Further research is needed to optimize formulation strategies and address regulatory requirements for successful clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Hsin Tsung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (T.-H.T.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-P.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Chien Tsai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (T.-H.T.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-P.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Pei Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (T.-H.T.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-P.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yi-Hao Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (T.-H.T.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-P.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Da-Wen Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; (T.-H.T.); (Y.-C.T.); (H.-P.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
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10
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Sarmout M, Xiao Y, Hu X, Rakhmetova A, Koole LH. A novel approach to achieve semi-sustained drug delivery to the eye through asymmetric loading of soft contact lenses. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16916. [PMID: 37484374 PMCID: PMC10360931 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Soft contact lenses are increasingly being explored as a vehicle for controlled delivery of ophthalmic drugs. However, traditional methods of drug-loading by soaking have limitations such as burst delivery and the release of drugs at the front side of the lens, leading to poor drug efficacy and systemic side effects. This study introduces a new methodology, termed asymmetric drug loading, whereby the ophthalmic drug 'Rebamipide' is attached to and released from the post-lens (=cornea-contacting) surface exclusively. The methodology involves using polymeric microparticles that carry a lipophilic crystalline ophthalmic drug at their surface. These drug-loaded microparticles first transfer the drug to the concave surface of the contact lens, and when worn, the drug is transferred again, now from the lens to the cornea. This is achieved through the diffusion of the drug from one hydrophobic microenvironment (the silicone moieties of the contact lens polymer network) to another hydrophobic microenvironment (the corneal epithelium) over a short pathway. The second drug transfer was observed and studied in experiments using an ex vivo porcine eye model. The results show that the drug amount that was absorbed by the cornea after applying the rebamipide-loaded contact lenses is approximately 3× (10.7 ± 3.1 μg) as much as the amount of rebamipide that gets transferred after the instillation of one eye drop (1% solution (p < 0.001). The new drug-loading method offers a practical and reproducible means of delivering ophthalmic drugs to the cornea through soft contact lenses. The drug payloads achieved are comparable to dosages used during eye drop therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Leo H. Koole
- Corresponding author. The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
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11
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Li L, Jia F, Wang Y, Liu J, Tian Y, Sun X, Lei Y, Ji J. Trans-corneal drug delivery strategies in the treatment of ocular diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114868. [PMID: 37182700 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The cornea is a remarkable tissue that possesses specialized structures designed to safeguard the eye against foreign objects. However, its unique properties also make it challenging to deliver drugs in a non-invasive manner. This review highlights recent advancements in achieving highly efficient drug transport across the cornea, focusing on nanomaterials. We have classified these strategies into three main categories based on their mechanisms and have analyzed their success and limitations in a systematic manner. The purpose of this review is to examine potential general principles that could improve drug penetration through the cornea and other natural barriers in the eye. We hope it will inspire the development of more effective drug delivery systems that can better treat ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Key Laboratory of Myopia of Ministry of Health, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Fan Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Youxiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Jiamin Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Key Laboratory of Myopia of Ministry of Health, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Yi Tian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Key Laboratory of Myopia of Ministry of Health, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Xinghuai Sun
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Key Laboratory of Myopia of Ministry of Health, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
| | - Yuan Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Key Laboratory of Myopia of Ministry of Health, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
| | - Jian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecule Synthesis and Functionalization of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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12
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Yu Z, Hao R, Chen X, Ma L, Zhang Y, Yang H. Protocol to develop a microfluidic human corneal barrier-on-a-chip to evaluate the corneal epithelial wound repair process. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102122. [PMID: 36861830 PMCID: PMC9984679 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Organs-on-chips are microfluidic devices for cell culturing to simulate tissue- or organ-level physiology, providing new solutions other than traditional animal tests. Here, we describe a microfluidic platform consisting of human corneal cells and compartmentalizing channels to achieve fully integrated human cornea's barrier effects on the chip. We detail steps to verify the barrier effects and physiological phenotypes of microengineered human cornea. Then, we use the platform to evaluate the corneal epithelial wound repair process. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Yu et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Yu
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Medical AI, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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13
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Kim TY, Lee GH, Mun J, Cheong S, Choi I, Kim H, Hahn SK. Smart Contact Lens Systems for Ocular Drug Delivery and Therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 196:114817. [PMID: 37004938 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Ocular drug delivery and therapy systems have been extensively investigated with various methods including direct injections, eye drops and contact lenses. Nowadays, smart contact lens systems are attracting a lot of attention for ocular drug delivery and therapy due to their minimally invasive or non-invasive characteristics, highly enhanced drug permeation, high bioavailability, and on-demand drug delivery. Furthermore, smart contact lens systems can be used for direct light delivery into the eyes for biophotonic therapy replacing the use of drugs. Here, we review smart contact lens systems which can be classified into two groups of drug-eluting contact lens and ocular device contact lens. More specifically, this review covers smart contact lens systems with nanocomposite-laden systems, polymeric film-incorporated systems, micro and nanostructure systems, iontophoretic systems, electrochemical systems, and phototherapy systems for ocular drug delivery and therapy. After that, we discuss the future opportunities, challenges and perspectives of smart contact lens systems for ocular drug delivery and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Yeon Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon-Hui Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghwan Mun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunah Cheong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Inhoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Kim
- Department of Cosmetics Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sei Kwang Hahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea; PHI BIOMED Co., 168 Yeoksam-ro, Gangnamgu, Seoul 06248, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Gar'kavenko VV, Salmin VV, Balashova PM, Gaydelis VS, Kokozova DS. [Spectrofluorimetric changes in the lens after intravitreal injections of brolucizumab]. Vestn Oftalmol 2023; 139:41-49. [PMID: 38235629 DOI: 10.17116/oftalma202313906141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Intravitreal injections (IVI) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors are actively used in the treatment of various ophthalmic pathologies. In addition to the pronounced therapeutic effect of anti-VEGF drugs described in the literature, a number of data on adverse effects associated with the use of IVI, including from the lens, have now been accumulated. Prevention of possible side effects of this type of treatment requires further investigation. PURPOSE The study evaluates the changes in spectrofluorometric parameters of the lens after intravitreal injections of brolucizumab in eyes with native lens. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 13 people with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who received IVI of brolucizumab. All patients were over 40 years old; changes in central retinal thickness in the macular area exceeded 300 μm according to optical coherence tomography. Spectrofluorimetric indicators of the lens were studied before and after injections of the drug in both eyes. The spectra were analyzed in the wavelength range 412-698 nm to record the changes in the content of non-tryptophan fluorophore molecules in the lens. RESULTS Spectrofluorimetry revealed metabolic changes in the native lens after intravitreal injections of the drug brolucizumab. No such changes were observed in the lens of the eyes not injected with the drug (the «Control» group). The proposed investigation technique involves prospective assessment of the safety of various molecules injected intravitreally in terms of cataract development at various times after the injection. CONCLUSION Spectrofluorimetry can be used for identifying initial metabolic changes in the lens. It is a promising method for assessing the molecules used in intravitreal injections in terms of their safety for the native lens, as well as for development of detailed instructions for clinically substantiated use of drugs with adverse effects in the form of cataract induction. According to spectrofluorimetry, IVI of the drug brolucizumab affects metabolic changes in the lens.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Gar'kavenko
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital named after Professor P.G. Makarov, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V V Salmin
- National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI» (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudniy, Russia
- Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman (National Research University), Moscow, Russia
| | - P M Balashova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital named after Professor P.G. Makarov, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V S Gaydelis
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital named after Professor P.G. Makarov, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - D S Kokozova
- Krasnoyarsk Regional Ophthalmological Clinical Hospital named after Professor P.G. Makarov, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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15
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Zaghloul N, Mahmoud AA, Elkasabgy NA, El Hoffy NM. PLGA-modified Syloid ®-based microparticles for the ocular delivery of terconazole: in-vitro and in-vivo investigations. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2117-2129. [PMID: 35838555 PMCID: PMC9291711 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2092239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The eye is an invulnerable organ with intrinsic anatomical and physiological barriers, hindering the development of a pioneer ocular formulation. The aim of this work was to develop an efficient ocular delivery system that can augment the ocular bioavailability of the antifungal drug, terconazole. Mesoporous silica microparticles, Syloid® 244 FP were utilized as the carrier system for terconazole. Preliminary studies were carried out using different drug:Syloid® weight ratios. The optimum weight ratio was mixed with various concentrations (30 and 60%w/w) of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), ester or acid-capped and with different monomers-ratio (50:50 and 75:25) using the nano-spray dryer. Results revealed the superiority of drug:Syloid® weight ratio of 1:2 in terms of yield percentage (Y%), SPAN and drug content percentage (DC%). Furthermore, incorporation of PLGA with lower glycolic acid monomer-ratio significantly increased Y%. In contrast, increasing the glycolic acid monomer-ratio resulted in higher DC% and release efficiency percentage (RE%). Additionally, doubling PLGA concentration significantly reduced Y%, DC%, drug loading percentage (DL%) and RE%. Applying desirability function in terms of increasing DC%, DL% besides RE% and decreasing SPAN, the selected formulation was chosen for DSC, XRD and SEM investigations. Results confirmed the successful loading of amorphized terconazole on PLGA-modified Syloid® microparticles. Moreover, pharmacokinetic studies for the chosen formulation on male Albino rabbits’ eyes revealed a 2, 6.7 and 25.3-fold increase in mean residence time, Cmax and AUC0–24-values, respectively, compared to the drug suspension. PLGA-modified Syloid® microparticles represent a potential option to augment the bioavailability of ocular drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Zaghloul
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Azza A Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nermeen A Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada M El Hoffy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Molecular Hybrids between Antiglaucoma Drugs and H 2S Donors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213804. [PMID: 36430281 PMCID: PMC9695456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases consisting of optic nerve damage with corresponding loss of field vision and blindness. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous neurotransmitter implicated in various pathophysiological processes. It is involved in the pathological mechanism of glaucomatous neuropathy and exerts promising effects in the treatment of this disease. In this work, we designed and synthetized new molecular hybrids between antiglaucoma drugs and H2S donors to combine the pharmacological effect of both moieties, providing a heightened therapy. Brinzolamide, betaxolol and brimonidine were linked to different H2S donors. The H2S-releasing properties of the new compounds were evaluated in a phosphate buffer solution by the amperometric approach, and evaluated in human primary corneal epithelial cells (HCEs) by spectrofluorometric measurements. Experimental data showed that compounds 1c, 1d and 3d were the hybrids with the best properties, characterized by a significant and long-lasting production of the gasotransmitter both in the aqueous solution (in the presence of L-cysteine) and in the intracellular environment. Because, to date, the donation of H2S by antiglaucoma H2S donor hybrids using non-immortalized corneal cells has never been reported, these results pave the way to further investigation of the potential efficacy of the newly synthesized compounds.
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17
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Zhang T, Jiao X, Peng X, Wang H, Zou Y, Xiao Y, Liu R, Li Z. Non-invasive drug delivery systems mediated by nanocarriers and molecular dynamics simulation for posterior eye disease therapeutics: Virtual screening, construction and comparison. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Attia SA, MacKay JA. Protein and polypeptide mediated delivery to the eye. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114441. [PMID: 35817213 PMCID: PMC10049092 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid or recombinant protein-polymers, peptide-based biomaterials, and antibody-targeted therapeutics are widely explored for various ocular conditions and vision correction. They have been noted for their potential biocompatibility, potency, adaptability, and opportunities for sustained drug delivery. Unique to peptide and protein therapeutics, their production by cellular translation allows their precise modification through genetic engineering. To a greater extent than drug delivery to other systems, delivery to the eye can benefit from the combination of locally-targeted administration and protein-based specificity. Consequently, a range of delivery platforms and administration methods have been exploited to address the ocular delivery of peptide and protein biomaterials. This review discusses a sample of preclinical and clinical opportunities for peptide-based drug delivery to the eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Aly Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - J Andrew MacKay
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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19
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El-Gendy AO, Nawaf KT, Ahmed E, Samir A, Hamblin MR, Hassan M, Mohamed T. Preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles using laser-ablation technique: Retinal epithelial cell (ARPE-19) biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity when activated with femtosecond laser. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2022; 234:112540. [PMID: 35973287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unusual physical, chemical, and biological features of nanoparticles have sparked considerable attention in the ophthalmological applications. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using laser-ablation at 100 mJ with different ablation times. The synthesized ZnONPs were spherical with an average size of 10.2 nm or 9.8 nm for laser ablation times of 20 and 30 min, respectively. The ZnONPs were screened for their antimicrobial activity against ophthalmological bacteria, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The significant decrease in bacterial growth was observed after treatment with ZnONPs in combination with 400 nm femtosecond laser irradiation. ZnONPs were investigated for their antioxidant activity and biocompatibility towards retinal epithelial cells (ARPE-19). ZnONPs showed moderate antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity. ZnONPs prepared with an ablation time of 20 min were safer and more biocompatible than those prepared with an ablation time of 30 min, which were toxic to ARPE-19 cells with LC50 (11.3 μg/mL) and LC90 (18.3 μg/mL). In this study, laser ablation technique was used to create ZnONPs, and it was proposed that ZnONPs could have laser-activated antimicrobial activity for ophthalmological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed O El-Gendy
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Khalid T Nawaf
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt; Anbar Health Department, Anbar province, Ministry of Health, Iraq
| | - Esraa Ahmed
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Samir
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Mansour Hassan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Tarek Mohamed
- Laser Institute for Research and Applications LIRA, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt.
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20
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Gulzar A, Yıldız E, Kaleli HN, Nazeer MA, Zibandeh N, Malik AN, Taş AY, Lazoğlu I, Şahin A, Kizilel S. Ruthenium-induced corneal collagen crosslinking under visible light. Acta Biomater 2022; 147:198-208. [PMID: 35643198 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Corneal collagen crosslinking (CXL) is a commonly used minimally invasive surgical technique to prevent the progression of corneal ectasias, such as keratoconus. Unfortunately, riboflavin/UV-A light-based CXL procedures have not been successfully applied to all patients, and result in frequent complications, such as corneal haze and endothelial damage. We propose a new method for corneal crosslinking by using a Ruthenium (Ru) based water-soluble photoinitiator and visible light (430 nm). Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ([Ru(bpy)3]2+) and sodium persulfate (SPS) mixture covalently crosslinks free tyrosine, histidine, and lysine groups under visible light (400-450 nm), which prevents UV-A light-induced cytotoxicity in an efficient and time saving collagen crosslinking procedure. In this study, we investigated the effects of the Ru/visible blue light procedure on the viability and toxicity of human corneal epithelium, limbal, and stromal cells. Then bovine corneas crosslinked with ruthenium mixture and visible light were characterized, and their biomechanical properties were compared with the customized riboflavin/UV-A crosslinking approach in the clinics. Crosslinked corneas with a ruthenium-based CXL approach showed significantly higher young's modulus compared to riboflavin/UV-A light-based method applied to corneas. In addition, crosslinked corneas with both methods were characterized to evaluate the hydrodynamic behavior, optical transparency, and enzymatic resistance. In all biomechanical, biochemical, and optical tests used here, corneas that were crosslinked with ruthenium-based approach demonstrated better results than that of corneas crosslinked with riboflavin/ UV-A. This study is promising to be translated into a non-surgical therapy for all ectatic corneal pathologies as a result of mild conditions introduced here with visible light exposure and a nontoxic ruthenium-based photoinitiator to the cornea. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Keratoconus, one of the most frequent corneal diseases, could be treated with riboflavin and ultraviolet light-based photo-crosslinking application to the cornea of the patients. Unfortunately, this method has irreversible side effects and cannot be applied to all keratoconus patients. In this study, we exploited the photoactivation behavior of an organoruthenium compound to achieve corneal crosslinking. Ruthenium-based organic complex under visible light demonstrated significantly better biocompatibility and superior biomechanical results than riboflavin and ultraviolet light application. This study promises to translate into a new fast, efficient non-surgical therapy option for all ectatic corneal pathologies.
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21
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Eiro N, Sendon-Lago J, Cid S, Saa J, de Pablo N, Vega B, Bermudez MA, Perez-Fernandez R, Vizoso FJ. Conditioned medium from human uterine cervical stem cells regulates oxidative stress and angiogenesis of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Ophthalmic Res 2022; 65:556-565. [PMID: 35584686 DOI: 10.1159/000524484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retinal homeostasis is essential to avoid retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) damage resulting in photoreceptor death and blindness. Mesenchymal stem cells-based cell therapy could contribute to the maintenance of the retinal homeostasis. We have explored the effect of human uterine cervical stem cells (hUCESCs) conditioned medium (hUCESC-CM) on RPE cells under oxidative stress condition. METHODS ARPE-19 cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in presence or absence of hUCESC-CM. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the expression of oxidative stress (HO-1, GCLC and HSPB1) and vasculogenesis (VEGFA, PDGFA and PDGFB) related factors. Also, we assessed in vitro effects of hUCESC-CM on endothelial cells (HUVEC) tube formation. RESULTS mRNA expression of HO-1, GCLC, HSPB1, VEGFA, PDGFA and PDGFB were significantly increased in ARPE-19 cells treated with H2O2 + hUCESC-CM compared to cells treated with H2O2 only. Regarding the tube formation assay, HUVEC treated with supernatant from ARPE-19 cells treated with H2O2 + hUCESC-CM showed a significant increase in average vessel length, number of capillary-like junctions and average of vessels area compared with HUVEC treated with supernatant from ARPE-19 cells treated with H2O2 only. CONCLUSION Our results show potential therapeutic effects of hUCESC-CM on RPE, such as protection from damage by oxidative stress, stimulation of detoxifying genes and a better vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Eiro
- Unit Research, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
| | - Juan Sendon-Lago
- Department of Physiology-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Sandra Cid
- Unit Research, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
| | - Jorge Saa
- Unit Research, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
- Ophthalmology Service, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
| | | | - Belen Vega
- Unit Research, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijón, Spain
| | - Maria A Bermudez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Roman Perez-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology-CIMUS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
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22
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Mhatre S, Opere CA, Singh S. Unmet needs in glaucoma therapy: The potential role of hydrogen sulfide and its delivery strategies. J Control Release 2022; 347:256-269. [PMID: 35526614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy disorder marked by progressive degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC). It is a leading cause of blindness worldwide, prevailing in around 2.2% of the global population. The hallmark of glaucoma, intraocular pressure (IOP), is governed by the aqueous humor dynamics which plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of the diesease. Glaucomatous eye has an IOP of more than 22 mmHg as compared to normotensive pressure of 10-21 mmHg. Currently used treatments focus on reducing the elevated IOP through use of classes of drugs that either increase aqueous humor outflow and/or decrease its production. However, effective treatments should not only reduce IOP, but also offer neuroprotection and regeneration of RGCs. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter with several endogenous functions in mammalian tissues, is being investigated for its potential application in glaucoma. In addition to decreasing IOP by increasing aqueous humor outflow, it scavenges reactive oxygen species, upregulates the cellular antioxidant glutathione and protects RGCs from excitotoxicity. Despite the potential of H2S in glaucoma, its delivery to anterior and posterior regions of the eye is a challenge due to its unique physicochemical properties. Firstly, development of any delivery system should not require an aqueous environment since many H2S donors are susceptible to burst release of the gas in contact with water, causing potential toxicity and adverse effects owing to its inherent toxicity at higher concentrations. Secondly, the release of the gas from the donor needs to be sustained for a prolonged period of time to reduce dosing frequency as per the requirements of regulatory bodies. Lastly, the delivery system should provide adequate bioavailability throughout its period of application. Hence, an ideal delivery system should aim to tackle all the above challenges related to barriers of ocular delivery and physicochemical properties of H2S itself. This review discusses the therapeutic potential of H2S, its delivery challenges and strategies to overcome the associated chalenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmit Mhatre
- School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Catherine A Opere
- School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Somnath Singh
- School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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23
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A sustainable approach for the stability study of psychotropic substances using vitreous humor and liver as alternative matrices. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:6355-6370. [PMID: 35511247 PMCID: PMC9372124 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The stability of psychotropic substances representing various drug groups important from the perspective of forensic chemistry, including benzodiazepines, antidepressants, carbamazepine, cocaine, and their selected metabolites, was investigated for 1 month in two alternative biological matrices, vitreous humor and liver homogenate. Three different thermal storage conditions (−20, 4, and 20 °C) were tested. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was preceded by an effective solid-phase microextraction (SPME) procedure. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA to find significant concentration variations over time. The results obtained allowed for dividing the analytes into four groups: stable under all tested conditions, only at −20 and 4 °C, only at 20 °C, and overall unstable. Nordiazepam, venlafaxine, and cocaine and its metabolites turned out to be the most unstable substances, while fluoxetine showed the highest storage stability in both matrices. The SPME/LC-MS method was comprehensively evaluated according to the principles of white analytical chemistry (WAC), which reconcile the greenness and functionality of the method. A close to 100% whiteness score proves its sustainability and suitability for the intended application.
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24
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Yu Z, Hao R, Du J, Wu X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Li W, Gu Z, Yang H. A human cornea-on-a-chip for the study of epithelial wound healing by extracellular vesicles. iScience 2022; 25:104200. [PMID: 35479406 PMCID: PMC9035703 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Yu
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jing Du
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wu
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Center for Medical AI, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhongze Gu
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Bionic Sensing and Intelligence Center, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Corresponding author
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25
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Bai L, Lei F, Luo R, Fei Q, Zheng Z, He N, Gui S. Development of a thermosensitive in-situ gel formulations of vancomycin hydrochloride: design, preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2552-2561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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Suriyaamporn P, Opanasopit P, Rangsimawong W, Ngawhirunpat T. Optimal Design of Novel Microemulsions-Based Two-Layered Dissolving Microneedles for Delivering Fluconazole in Treatment of Fungal Eye Infection. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030472. [PMID: 35335855 PMCID: PMC8951261 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The optimal design of novel microneedles (MNs) for the ocular delivery system is necessary and useful for improving the effectiveness of medication. The objective of this study was to design and develop the optimal fluconazole (FLUZ)-microemulsions (MEs)-loaded two-layered dissolving MNs as a potential treatment for fungal eye infection. The experimental designs using the simplex-lattice design were used to select the optimal formulation. The two-layered dissolving MNs were fabricated from 3% chitosan and 20% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in a weight ratio of 1:4 as an outer layer and FLUZ-loaded MEs containing eugenol, tween 80, PEG400, and water as an inner layer. The physical appearance, mechanical properties, penetration ability, dissolution time, in vitro/ex vivo ocular drug delivery, and antifungal activity were evaluated. From the results, the optimal two-layered dissolving MNs exhibited good physical properties, complete insertion, minimally invasive ocular tissue, and high stability at 4 °C and 25 °C for 3 months. Moreover, the optimal two-layered dissolving MNs showed significantly higher FLUZ permeation into the ocular tissue than other formulations, while providing highly potential antifungal activity. In conclusion, the optimal MEs-loaded two-layered MNs’ formulation had appropriate properties for ocular delivery of FLUZ, resulting in an improvement of fungal keratitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuvamin Suriyaamporn
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (P.S.); (P.O.)
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (P.S.); (P.O.)
| | - Worranan Rangsimawong
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
- Correspondence: (W.R.); (T.N.); Tel.: +66-(045)-353605 (W.R.); +66-(034)-255800 (T.N.); Fax: +66-(045)-353626 (W.R.); +66-(034)-255801 (T.N.)
| | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand; (P.S.); (P.O.)
- Correspondence: (W.R.); (T.N.); Tel.: +66-(045)-353605 (W.R.); +66-(034)-255800 (T.N.); Fax: +66-(045)-353626 (W.R.); +66-(034)-255801 (T.N.)
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27
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Löscher M, Seiz C, Hurst J, Schnichels S. Topical Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010134. [PMID: 35057030 PMCID: PMC8779621 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Topical drug delivery to the posterior segment of the eye is a very complex challenge. However, topical delivery is highly desired, to achieve an easy-to-use treatment option for retinal diseases. In this review, we focus on the drug characteristics that are relevant to succeed in this challenge. An overview on the ocular barriers that need to be overcome and some relevant animal models to study ocular pharmacokinetics are given. Furthermore, a summary of substances that were able to reach the posterior segment after eye drop application is provided, as well as an outline of investigated delivery systems to improve ocular drug delivery. Some promising results of substances delivered to the retina suggest that topical treatment of retinal diseases might be possible in the future, which warrants further research.
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Shi L, Li Z, Liang Z, Zhang J, Liu R, Chu D, Han L, Zhu L, Shen J, Li J. A dual-functional chitosan derivative platform for fungal keratitis. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 275:118762. [PMID: 34742450 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fungal keratitis remains a serious infectious ocular disease, and the traditional administration of eye drops is limited by ocular intrinsic barriers and drug shortages. Herein, we fabricated a chitosan-based dual-functional platform for ocular topical delivery of econazole. The platform can prolong the residence time on the ocular surface due to its strong interaction with the mucin layer by physical adhesion and covalent bonding, and also open corneal epithelial tight junctions for being positively charged, thereby enhancing corneal penetration of drug. Using these strategies, dosing concentration was reduced from 0.3 wt% to 0.1 wt%, dosing frequency was reduced from once-an-hour to twice-daily, in vitro and in vivo antifungal therapeutic effects were achieved and patient compliance could be improved. Given its high structural adaptability, many other ocular anterior segment-related diseases would benefit from this platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqi Shi
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhanrong Li
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| | - Zhen Liang
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ruixing Liu
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Dandan Chu
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lei Han
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China.
| | - Jingguo Li
- Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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29
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Wu W, Cao W, Chen J, Cai Y, Dong B, Chu X. In Situ Liquid Crystal Gel as a Promising Strategy for Improving Ocular Administration of Dexamethasone: Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 23:36. [PMID: 34951001 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to design an in situ liquid crystal gel (ISLG) as an ophthalmic drug delivery system for dexamethasone (DEX) to enhance its eye retention and ocular bioavailability. The in situ liquid crystal gels (ISLGs) were prepared using a phytantriol/PEG400/water (65:30:5, w/w) ternary system. Polarized light microscope (PLM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and rheology analysis confirmed that the internal structure of the preparations was Pn3m cubic phase liquid crystal gels with pseudoplastic fluid properties. Meanwhile, in vitro release behavior of the preparations conforms to the Higuchi equation. Corneal penetration experiments showed that compared with DEX sodium phosphate eye drops, DEX-ISLGs(F2) produced a 5.45-fold increase in the Papp value, indicating a significant enhancement of corneal penetration. In addition, in vivo experiments have confirmed that the ISLGs have better biocompatibility and longer retention time in the cornea. Simultaneously, corneal hydration level, eye irritation experiments, and histological observations proved the safety of the preparations. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that the ISLG could maintain the DEX concentration in aqueous humor for at least 12 h after administration, which significantly improves the bioavailability of the drug. Collectively, these results indicated that ISLG would be a potential drug carrier for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
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30
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Goto R, Yamada S, Otake H, Nakazawa Y, Oka M, Yamamoto N, Sasaki H, Nagai N. Instillation of Ophthalmic Formulation Containing Nilvadipine Nanocrystals Attenuates Lens Opacification in Shumiya Cataract Rats. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13121999. [PMID: 34959281 PMCID: PMC8709220 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13121999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed ophthalmic formulations based on nilvadipine (NIL) nanocrystals (NIL-NP dispersions; mean particle size: 98 nm) by using bead mill treatment and investigated whether the instillation of NIL-NP dispersions delivers NIL to the lens and prevents lens opacification in hereditary cataractous Shumiya cataract rats (SCRs). Serious corneal stimulation was not detected in either human corneal epithelial cells or rats treated with NIL-NP dispersions. The NIL was directly delivered to the lens by the instillation of NIL-NP dispersions, and NIL content in the lenses of rats instilled with NIL-NP dispersions was significantly higher than that in the ophthalmic formulations based on NIL microcrystals (NIL-MP dispersions; mean particle size: 21 µm). Moreover, the supply of NIL prevented increases in Ca2+ content and calpain activity in the lenses of SCRs and delayed the onset of cataracts. In addition, the anti-cataract effect in the lens of rats instilled with NIL-NP dispersions was also significantly higher than that in NIL-MP dispersions. NIL-NPs could be used to prevent lens opacification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoka Goto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (R.G.); (S.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Shigehiro Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (R.G.); (S.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Hiroko Otake
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (R.G.); (S.Y.); (H.O.)
| | - Yosuke Nakazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan;
| | - Mikako Oka
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Yokohama 245-0066, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Center for Clinical Trial and Research Support, Fujita Health University, Research Promotion and Support Headquarters, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Sasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku 920-0293, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Noriaki Nagai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan; (R.G.); (S.Y.); (H.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-6-4307-3638
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Celastrol-based nanomedicine promotes corneal allograft survival. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:341. [PMID: 34702273 PMCID: PMC8549351 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Effectively promoting corneal allograft survival remains a challenge in corneal transplantation. The emerging therapeutic agents with high pharmacological activities and their appropriate administration routes provide attractive solutions. In the present study, a celastrol-loaded positive nanomedicine (CPNM) was developed to enhance corneal penetration and to promote corneal allograft survival. The in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo results demonstrated the good performance of CPNM prolonging the retention time on ocular surface and opening the tight junction in cornea, which resulted in enhanced corneal permeability of celastrol. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrated that celastrol inhibited the recruitment of M1 macrophage and the expression of TLR4 in corneal allografts through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, thereby significantly decreasing secretion of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines to promote corneal allograft survival. This is the first celastrol-based topical instillation against corneal allograft rejection to provide treatment more potent than conventional eye drops for ocular anterior segment diseases. ![]()
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Liu H, Han X, Li H, Tao Q, Hu J, Liu S, Liu H, Zhou J, Li W, Yang F, Ping Q, Wei S, Liu H, Lin H, Hou D. Wettability and contact angle affect precorneal retention and pharmacodynamic behavior of microspheres. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:2011-2023. [PMID: 34569888 PMCID: PMC8480260 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1981493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we describe the development of betaxolol hydrochloride and montmorillonite with ion exchange in a single formulation to create a novel micro-interactive dual-functioning sustained-release delivery system (MIDFDS) for the treatment of glaucoma. Betaxolol hydrochloride molecule was loaded onto the montmorillonite by ion exchange and MIDFDS formation was confirmed by XPS data. MIDFDS showed similar physicochemical properties to those of Betoptic, such as particle size, pH, osmotic pressure, and rheological properties. Nevertheless, the microdialysis and intraocular pressure test revealed better in vivo performance of MIDFDS, such as pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. With regards to wettability, MIDFDS had a larger contact angle (54.66 ± 5.35°) than Betoptic (36.68 ± 1.77°), enabling the MIDFDS (2.93 s) to spread slower on the cornea than Betoptic (2.50 s). Moderate spreading behavior and oppositely charged electrostatic micro-interactions had a comprehensive influence on micro-interactions with the tear film residue, resulting in a longer precorneal retention time. Furthermore, MIDFDS had a significant sustained-release effect, with complete release near the cornea. The dual-functioning sustained-release carrier together with prolonged pre-corneal retention time (80 min) provided sufficiently high drug concentrations in the aqueous humor to achieve a more stable and long-term IOP reduction for 10 h. In addition, cytotoxicity and hemolysis tests showed that MIDFDS had better biocompatibility than Betoptic. The dual-functioning microspheres presented in this study provide the possibility for improved compliance due to low cytotoxicity and hemolysis, which suggests promising clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Han
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huamei Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaixin Liu
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of English Language and Literature, University College London, London, UK
| | - Wei Li
- Guangzhou Institute For Drug Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qineng Ping
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijie Wei
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mineralogy and Metallogeny & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Physics and Materials, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Huaqing Lin
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongzhi Hou
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Dackowski EK, Logroño JB, Rivera C, Taylor N, Lopath PD, Chuck RS. Transepithelial Corneal Crosslinking Using a Novel Ultraviolet Light-Emitting Contact Lens Device: A Pilot Study. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:5. [PMID: 34003974 PMCID: PMC8088220 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.5.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of a novel, on-eye UVA light-emitting contact lens device driven by fiber optics for the corneal crosslinking (CXL) of patients with keratoconus. Methods In nine corneal transplant candidates with advanced keratoconus a scleral contact lens reservoir containing 0.007% benzalkonium chloride preserved with 0.25% riboflavin-monophosphate was placed on the eye for 30 minutes. The reservoir lens was removed and replaced with the CXLens UVA light-emitting contact lens. A 375-nm UVA light at 4 mW/cm2 intensity was delivered for 30 minutes for a dose of 7.2 J/cm2. A one-sided paired t-test was used to evaluate mean differences in maximum keratometry, thinnest corneal thickness, and endothelial cell density between screening and 6 months after CXL. A two-sided paired t-test was used to evaluate differences in best-corrected distance visual acuity between screening and 6 months after CXL. Results All patients received the treatment as per protocol and adhered to follow-up testing. At 6 months after CXL, treated eyes had an average −1.0 ± 1.6 diopters decrease in the maximum keratometry (P = 0.049), a nonsignificant 2.3 ± 7.5 letter improvement in best-corrected distance visual acuity (P = 0.19), a nonsignificant −17 ± 14 µm decrease in thinnest corneal thickness (P < 0.01), and a nonsignificant −86 ± 266 cells/mm2 decrease in endothelial cell density (P = 0.20). Conclusions Our pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of the novel CXL device for the treatment of keratoconus and indicates the device is ready for larger scale studies with longer follow-up periods. Translational Relevance The novel CXLens on-eye UVA light-emitting contact lens device offers the potential for efficient, high-throughput transepithelial corneal CXL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Batlle Logroño
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Laser Center, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Cristina Rivera
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery Laser Center, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | | | | | - Roy S Chuck
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, New York, USA
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Fan PS, Sun MJ, Qin D, Yuan CS, Chen XG, Liu Y. Nanosystems as curative platforms for allergic disorder management. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1729-1744. [PMID: 33475131 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Allergy, IgE-mediated inflammatory disorders including allergic rhinitis, asthma, and conjunctivitis, affects billions of people worldwide. Conventional means of allergy management include allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy, and emerging therapies. Among them, chemotherapeutant intake via oral, intravenous, and intranasal routes is always the most common mean. Although current pharmacotherapy exhibit splendid anti-allergic effects, short in situ retention, low bioavailability, and systemic side effects are inevitable. Nowadays, nanoplatforms have provided alternative therapeutic options to obviate the existing weakness via enhancing the solubility of hydrophobic therapeutic agents, achieving in situ drug accumulation, exhibiting controlled and long-time drug release at lesion areas, and providing multi-functional therapeutic strategies. Herein, we highlight the clinical therapeutic strategies and deal with characteristics of the nanoplatform design in allergy interventions via intratracheal, gastrointestinal, intravenous, and ocular paths. The promising therapeutic utilization in a variety of allergic disorders is discussed, and recent perspectives on the feasible advances of nanoplatforms in allergy management are also exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Sheng Fan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China.
| | - Meng-Jie Sun
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China.
| | - Di Qin
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China.
| | - Cong-Shan Yuan
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China.
| | - Xi-Guang Chen
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China.
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, P. R. China.
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Challenges and strategies for the delivery of biologics to the cornea. J Control Release 2021; 333:560-578. [PMID: 33857565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biologics, like peptides, proteins and nucleic acids, have proven to be promising drugs for the treatment of numerous diseases. However, besides the off label use of the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab for the treatment of corneal neovascularization, to date no other biologics for corneal diseases have reached the market. Indeed, delivering biologics in the eye remains a challenge, especially at the level of the cornea. While it appears to be a rather accessible tissue for the administration of drugs, the cornea in fact presents several anatomical barriers to delivery. In addition, also intracellular delivery barriers need to be overcome to achieve a promising therapeutic outcome with biologics. This review outlines efforts that have been reported to successfully deliver biologics into the cornea. Biochemical and physical methods for achieving delivery of biologics in the cornea are discussed, with a critical view on their efficacy in overcoming corneal barriers.
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Conde Penedo A, Díaz Tomé V, Fernández Ferreiro A, González Barcia M, Otero Espinar FJ. Enhancement in corneal permeability of riboflavin using cyclodextrin derivates complexes as a previous step to transepithelial cross-linking. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 162:12-22. [PMID: 33667681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Corneal cross-linking has been described as an effective treatment to slow the progression of keratoconus. The standard protocol entails corneal epithelial removal to allow the diffusion of riboflavin into the stroma. Although, de-epithelization can generate risks or complications that transepithelial cross-linking tries to solve or avoid. Different formulations were developed after verifying that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and sulfobuthylether-β-cyclodextrin (SBEβCD) in a 20% concentration, increased the solubility of practically insoluble in water drugs such as riboflavin from 0.12 mg/mL to 0.35 mg/mL and 0.29 mg/mL respectively. These values were higher when chitosan and arginine were added to the formulation, showing solubility of 0.78 mg/mL when HPβCD concentration was not modified. Ex vivo corneal permeability was measured after having kept in contact bovine corneas with intact epithelium for 5 h with the 0.1 mg/mL riboflavin solution, the formulations developed and a reproduced nanoemulsion from another work. Riboflavin's permeability was increased when cyclodextrins, chitosan, and arginine were part of the formulations, compared to the control drug solution. The best permeability coefficient was reached when riboflavin was combined with 40% (w/v) HPβCD, 0.5% (w/w) arginine, and 0.5% (w/w) chitosan. After having carried out toxicity studies as bovine corneal opacity and permeability (BCOP) and Heńs Egg Test - Chorioallantoic Membrane Test (HET-CAM) it was verified that both, the active ingredients and the excipients of the different formulations were not harmful without generating irritation, loss of transparency or corneal permeability alterations. The results show the great potential of the ocular developed solution for their use in transepithelial cross-linking for keratoconus treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Conde Penedo
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Paraquasil Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victoria Díaz Tomé
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Clinical Pharmacology Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anxo Fernández Ferreiro
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Clinical Pharmacology Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Miguel González Barcia
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Clinical Pharmacology Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Otero Espinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Paraquasil Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Oliveira CR, Paiva MRBD, Ribeiro MCS, Andrade GF, Carvalho JL, Gomes DA, Nehemy M, Fialho SL, Silva-Cunha A, Góes AMD. Human Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells as a Model for Drug Screening and Pre-Clinical Assays Compared to ARPE-19 Cell Line. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 14:74-84. [PMID: 33377455 PMCID: PMC7904525 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Eye diseases have a high socioeconomic impact on society and may be one of the fields in which most stem cell-related scientific accomplishments have been achieved recently. In this context, human Pluripotent Stem Cell (hPSC) technology arises as an important tool to produce and study human Embryonic Stem cell derived-Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells (hES-RPE) for several applications, such as cell therapy, disease modeling, and drug screening. The use of this technology in pre-clinical phases attends to the overall population desire for animal-free product development. Here, we aimed to compare hES-RPE cells with ARPE-19, one of the most commonly used retinal pigmented epithelial immortalized cell lines. Methods and Results Functional, cellular and molecular data obtained suggest that hES-RPE cells more closely resembles native RPEs compared to ARPE-19. Furthermore, hES-RPE revealed an interesting robustness when cultured on human Bruch’s membrane explants and after exposure to Cyclosporine (CSA), Sirolimus (SRL), Tacrolimus (TAC), Leflunomide (LEF) and Teriflunomide (TER). On these conditions, hES-RPE cells were able to survive at higher drug concentrations, while ARPE-19 cell line was more susceptible to cell death. Conclusions Therefore, hES-RPEs seem to have the ability to incur a broader range of RPE functions than ARPE-19 and should be more thoroughly explored for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Reis Oliveira
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gracielle Ferreira Andrade
- SENAN, Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear - CDTN/CNEN, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lott Carvalho
- Department of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Dawidson Assis Gomes
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Márcio Nehemy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Ligório Fialho
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Armando Silva-Cunha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alfredo Miranda de Góes
- 1Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Castro-Balado A, Mondelo-García C, Varela-Rey I, Moreda-Vizcaíno B, Sierra-Sánchez JF, Rodríguez-Ares MT, Hermelo-Vidal G, Zarra-Ferro I, González-Barcia M, Yebra-Pimentel E, Giráldez-Fernández MJ, Otero-Espinar FJ, Fernández-Ferreiro A. Recent Research in Ocular Cystinosis: Drug Delivery Systems, Cysteamine Detection Methods and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1177. [PMID: 33287176 PMCID: PMC7761701 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystinosis is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the accumulation of cystine crystals in different tissues and organs. Although renal damage prevails during initial stages, the deposition of cystine crystals in the cornea causes severe ocular manifestations. At present, cysteamine is the only topical effective treatment for ocular cystinosis. The lack of investment by the pharmaceutical industry, together with the limited stability of cysteamine, make it available only as two marketed presentations (Cystaran® and Cystadrops®) and as compounding formulations prepared in pharmacy departments. Even so, new drug delivery systems (DDSs) need to be developed, allowing more comfortable dosage schedules that favor patient adherence. In the last decades, different research groups have focused on the development of hydrogels, nanowafers and contact lenses, allowing a sustained cysteamine release. In parallel, different determination methods and strategies to increase the stability of the formulations have also been developed. This comprehensive review aims to compile all the challenges and advances related to new cysteamine DDSs, analytical determination methods, and possible future therapeutic alternatives for treating cystinosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Castro-Balado
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.-B.); (C.M.-G.); (I.V.-R.); (I.Z.-F.); (M.G.-B.)
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Cristina Mondelo-García
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.-B.); (C.M.-G.); (I.V.-R.); (I.Z.-F.); (M.G.-B.)
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Iria Varela-Rey
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.-B.); (C.M.-G.); (I.V.-R.); (I.Z.-F.); (M.G.-B.)
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Moreda-Vizcaíno
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Jesús F. Sierra-Sánchez
- Pharmacy Department, Hospital de Jerez de la Frontera, Jerez de la Frontera, 11407 Cádiz, Spain;
| | - María Teresa Rodríguez-Ares
- Ophthalmology Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Gonzalo Hermelo-Vidal
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Irene Zarra-Ferro
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.-B.); (C.M.-G.); (I.V.-R.); (I.Z.-F.); (M.G.-B.)
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Miguel González-Barcia
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.-B.); (C.M.-G.); (I.V.-R.); (I.Z.-F.); (M.G.-B.)
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Eva Yebra-Pimentel
- Department of Applied Physics, Optometry, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.Y.-P.); (M.J.G.-F.)
| | - María Jesús Giráldez-Fernández
- Department of Applied Physics, Optometry, Faculty of Optics and Optometry, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (E.Y.-P.); (M.J.G.-F.)
| | - Francisco J. Otero-Espinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro
- Pharmacy Department, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (SERGAS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.C.-B.); (C.M.-G.); (I.V.-R.); (I.Z.-F.); (M.G.-B.)
- Pharmacology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
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Nan D, Dou X, Qi Y, Zhang W, He G, Zhang X. In Vitro Study of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transduced with Lentiviral Vector Carrying the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene. Int J Stem Cells 2020; 13:386-393. [PMID: 32840225 PMCID: PMC7691859 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc20038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) exerts its survival-promoting effects on photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells, however, delivery systems with little-to-no side effect are needed to sustain its controlled release and long-term efficacy. Our previous studies demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are ideal delivery systems for gene therapy; moreover, ADSCs present unique properties like migration to damaged tissue sites, immunomodulation and anti-inflammation. Herein, we propose to employ ADSCs as the BDNF gene delivery vehicle. Different Analyses like flow cytometry, differentiation and cell proliferation assays etc demonstrated that BDNF were successfully transduced into ADSCs and the stemness of ADSCs was maintained even with the transduction. Real Time PCR and Western blot were used to measure mRNA and protein expressions of the BDNF-transduced ADSCs. The results demonstrated that the BDNF expression level of the lentiviral-BDNF transduced ADSCs is significantly increased and, moreover, enhanced the expression of other neurotrophic and downstream signaling factors. The data suggest that ADSCs are a reliable delivery vehicle for BDNF and could be used for the treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- De Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiang Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yankai Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China.,R&D Center of Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Xiujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Panjin Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
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López ES, Machado ALL, Vidal LB, González-Pizarro R, Silva AD, Souto EB. Lipid Nanoparticles as Carriers for the Treatment of Neurodegeneration Associated with Alzheimer's Disease and Glaucoma: Present and Future Challenges. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1235-1250. [PMID: 32067607 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200218101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma constitutes the second cause of blindness worldwide and it is considered a neurodegenerative disorder. In this sense, Alzheimer's disease, which is the most common type of dementia, also causes neurodegeneration. The association between both diseases remains unknown although it has been hypothesised that a possible connection might exist and it will be analysed throughout the review. In this sense, nanoparticulate systems and specially, lipid nanoparticles could be the key for effective neuroprotection. Lipid nanoparticles are the most recent type of drug nanoparticulate systems. These nanoparticles have shown great potential to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs increasing their bioavailability and being able to deliver them to the target tissue. In addition, they have shown great potential for ocular drug delivery. This review explores the most recent strategies employing lipid nanoparticles for AD and glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena S López
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases Network (CIBERNED), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Ana L L Machado
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (IN2UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Lorena B Vidal
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Roberto González-Pizarro
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,National Drug Agency Department (ANAMED), Institute of Public Health (ISP), Chile
| | - Amelia D Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal.,Research Center and Agri- Environmental and Biological Technologies (CITAB-UTAD), 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Eliana B Souto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.,CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Dogra A, Kaur K, Ali J, Baboota S, Narang RS, Narang JK. Nanoformulations for Ocular Delivery of Drugs - A Patent Perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 13:255-272. [PMID: 31985387 DOI: 10.2174/1872211314666200127101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Efficient delivery of ocular therapeutics with improved efficacy, enhanced bioavailability, and acceptable patient compliance presents unique challenges. This can be attributed to the presence of protective mechanisms, physicobiological barriers, and structural obstacles in the eye. Nanotherapeutic interventions have been explored extensively over the past few years to overcome these limitations. The present review focusses on the nanoformulations developed for the diagnosis and treatment of various ocular diseases besides providing an in-depth insight into the patents reported for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Dogra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
| | - Kuljeet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi-110062, India
| | - Ramandeep Singh Narang
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
| | - Jasjeet Kaur Narang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab-143001, India
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Ma Q, Luo R, Zhang H, Dai M, Bai L, Fei Q, Lei F, He N. Design, Characterization, and Application of a pH-Triggered In Situ Gel for Ocular Delivery of Vinpocetine. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:253. [PMID: 32888086 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a pH-triggered in situ gel (ISG) for ocular delivery of vinpocetine to achieve systemic absorption and a brain-targeting effect in rats. Carbopol acted as a gelling agent combined with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as a viscosity-enhancing agent. The concentration of Carbopol (0.2%, w/v) and HPMC (1.5%, w/v) was optimized for the ISG system. The optimized formulation was evaluated for studies on release in vitro, rheology, differential scanning calorimetry, ocular irritation, residence time, and in vivo pharmacokinetics. The vinpocetine ISG stayed longer in rabbit eyes than vinpocetine ointment. In vivo pharmacokinetics showed that compared with vinpocetine ointment, vinpocetine ISG attained a peak plasma concentration and area under the curve that was 1-2 folds greater in rat plasma. The Drug Targeting Index (DTI) was 1.06 and 1.26 for vinpocetine ointment and vinpocetine ISG, respectively, after ocular administration, showing that vinpocetine ISG had better distribution in rat brain. These results revealed that a pH-triggered ISG system via ocular administration could be an alternative approach compared with traditional ophthalmic formulations.
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Gote V, Ansong M, Pal D. Prodrugs and nanomicelles to overcome ocular barriers for drug penetration. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2020; 16:885-906. [PMID: 32729364 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2020.1803278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular barriers hinder drug delivery and reduce drug bioavailability. This article focuses on enhancing drug absorption across the corneal and conjunctival epithelium. Both, transporter targeted prodrug formulations and nanomicellar strategy is proven to enhance the drug permeation of therapeutic agents across various ocular barriers. These strategies can increase aqueous drug solubility and stability of many hydrophobic drugs for topical ophthalmic formulations. AREAS COVERED The article discusses various ocular barriers, ocular influx, and efflux transporters. It elaborates various prodrug strategies used for enhancing drug absorption. Along with this, the article also describes nanomicellar formulation, its characteristic and advantages, and applications in for anterior and posterior segment drug delivery. EXPERT OPINION Prodrugs and nanomicellar formulations provide an effective strategy for improving drug absorption and drug bioavailability across various ocular barriers. It will be exciting to see the efficacy of nanomicelles for treating back of the eye disorders after their topical application. This is considered as a holy grail of ocular drug delivery due to the dynamic and static ocular barriers, restricting posterior entry of topically applied drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Gote
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Michael Ansong
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Dhananjay Pal
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO, USA
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Zhang X, Li S, Tang Y, Guo Y, Gao S. Intractable Ocular Diseases and Treatment Progress. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:236. [PMID: 32803351 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01774-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the aging of the population and the frequent use of electronic devices, many eye diseases have shown a linear upward trend, such as dry eye disease, glaucoma, cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. These diseases are often chronic and difficult to cure. Based on the structure and barrier of the human eye, this review describes the pathogenesis and treatments of several intractable eye diseases and summarizes the advanced ocular drug delivery systems to provide new treatment ideas for these diseases. Finally, we also look forward to the prospect of RNAi therapy in the treatment of eye diseases.
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45
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Li F, Fei Q, Mao D, Si Q, Dai M, Ma Q, Zhang H, Bai L, He N. Comparative Pharmacokinetics of Nimodipine in Rat Plasma and Tissues Following Intraocular, Intragastric, and Intravenous Administration. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:234. [PMID: 32794077 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01772-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the pharmacokinetics of nimodipine (NMD) in rats plasma and tissues following intraocular (io), intragastric (ig), and intravenous (iv) administration at doses of 5.0 mg/kg io and iv and 10.0 mg/kg ig. After a single dose of NMD, plasma, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and brain samples were collected at the scheduled time points. The concentration of NMD in rat plasma and tissues was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared. NMD was rapidly absorbed and reached the maximum plasma concentration in approximately 5 min after io administration. The absolute bioavailability after io administration was higher than that after ig administration (40.05% vs. 5.67%). There were significant differences in the tissue distribution of NMD with different administration routes. After io administration, NMD was distributed more in the lung, spleen, and brain tissues, and less in the kidney. The maximum drug concentration after io administration in the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, and brain was 1.00, 0.47, 2.02, 1.47, 0.22, and 5.79 times higher than that after via ig administration, and the area under the curve value was 0.59, 0.78, 1.71, 1.84, 0.25, and 4.59 times greater, respectively. Nimodipine appears to achieve systemic effects via io administration. Compared with ig, io administration could significantly increase NMD distribution in the brain tissue, indicating that NMD could be delivered to the brain via io administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China.,College of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, China
| | - Qingsong Fei
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Mao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Qiaoyun Si
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Manman Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Qun Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Luyu Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China
| | - Ning He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1, Qianjiang Road, Hefei, 230012, Anhui, China. .,Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Hefei, 230012, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, 230012, China.
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46
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The prominence of the dosage form design to treat ocular diseases. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119577. [PMID: 32622806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The eye is susceptible to various diseases commonly difficult to treat. To overcome the barriers imposed by this organ for required drugs penetration, technological strategies have been implemented to ocular formulations. Among them are the use of temperature or electric stimuli and the development of nanoparticles. The objective of this review is to present the main barriers to ocular drug delivery and to discuss strategies used in the development of ocular dosage forms, primarily for topical delivery, to increase the local bioavailability of drugs, target their delivery and increase patient compliance. Results obtained in the last years related to the topical administration of liposomes, dendrimers, iontophoresis, among other nanoparticulate systems focused on ophthalmic delivery, will be addressed. Finally, some clinical trials and marketed formulations that use nanotechnology to topically treat eye diseases will be presented.
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Osorno LL, Medina JDR, Maldonado DE, Mosley RJ, Byrne ME. Extended Release of Doxorubicin-Loaded 3DNA Nanocarriers from In-Situ Forming, Self-Assembled Hydrogels. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2020; 36:447-457. [PMID: 32466697 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2019.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Cataracts are the leading cause of blindness worldwide, resulting in over 30 million surgeries each year. These cases are expected to double within the next 10 years. About 25% of all patients develop secondary cataracts or posterior capsule opacification (PCO) postsurgery. PCO is a vision impairment disorder that develops from myofibroblasts migration and contraction that deforms the capsule surrounding the lens. Currently, Nd:YAG laser therapy is used to treat PCO; however, laser is not available worldwide and adverse side effects may arise. Thus, there is a considerable unmet need for more efficacious and convenient preventive treatments for PCO. Our work focuses on engineering an innovative, prophylactic sustained release platform for DNA-based nanocarriers to further reduce the incidence of PCO. Methods: Novel, optically clear, self-assembled poly(d,l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PLGA-PEG) triblock copolymer hydrogels were used for the sustained release of the DNA-based nanocarriers (3DNA®) loaded with cytotoxic doxorubicin (DOX) and targeted with a monoclonal antibody called G8 (3DNA:DOX:G8), which is specific to cells responsible for PCO. Results: The 29 (w/v)% polymer hydrogels with the 3DNA nanocarriers presented over 80% of light transmittance, soft mechanical properties (<350 Pa), and sustained release for 1 month. Conclusions: In this work, we show for the first time that the hydrophobic PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogels can be used as platforms for sustained delivery of nucleic acid-based nanocarriers. This work demonstrates that polymeric formulations can be used for the extended delivery of ocular therapeutics and other macromolecules to treat a variety of ocular conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Osorno
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jamie D R Medina
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Daniel E Maldonado
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Robert J Mosley
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
| | - Mark E Byrne
- Biomimetic and Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, and Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey, USA
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48
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Kularatne RN, Bulumulla C, Catchpole T, Takacs A, Christie A, Stefan MC, Csaky KG. Protection of human retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative damage using cysteine prodrugs. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:386-394. [PMID: 32229256 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the major causes of vision loss in the elderly in most developed countries. Among other causes, oxidative stress in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been hypothesized to be a major driving force of AMD pathology. Oxidative stress could be treated by antioxidant administration into the RPE cells. However, to achieve high in-vivo efficacy of an antioxidant, it is imperative that the agent be able to penetrate the tissues and cells. Evidence suggests that lipophilicity governs cellular penetrance. Out of many antioxidant candidates, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (a prodrug of L-cysteine) (NAC) is a potent antioxidant as the bioavailability of the parent drug, L-cysteine, determines the production of glutathione; the universal antioxidant that regulates ROS. To increase the lipophilicity, four ester derivatives of N-acetylcysteine: N-acetylcysteine methyl ester, N-acetylcysteine ethyl ester, N-acetylcysteine propyl ester, and N-acetylcysteine butyl ester were synthesized. To mimic in vitro AMD conditions, hydroquinone, a component of cigarette smoke, was used as the oxidative insult. Cytosolic and mitochondrial protection against oxidative stress were tested using cytosolic and mitochondrial specific assays. The results provide evidence that these lipophilic cysteine prodrugs provide increased protection against oxidative stress in human RPE cells compared with NAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alison Takacs
- Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
| | | | - Mihaela C Stefan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA; Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Karl G Csaky
- Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA.
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49
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Jiang J, Zhang X, Tang Y, Li S, Chen J. Progress on ocular siRNA gene-silencing therapy and drug delivery systems. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:4-24. [PMID: 32298491 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma are global ocular diseases with high blindness rate. RNA interference (RNAi) is being increasingly used in the treatment of these disorders with siRNA drugs, bevasiranib, AGN211745 and PF-04523655 for AMD, and SYL040012 and QPI-1007 for glaucoma. Administration routes and vectors of gene drugs affect their therapeutic effect. Compared with the non-viral vectors, viral vectors have limited payload capacity and potential immunogenicity. This review summarizes the progress of the ocular siRNA gene-silencing therapy by focusing on siRNA drugs for AMD and glaucoma already used in clinical research, the main routes of drug delivery and the non-viral vectors for siRNA drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.1, DongQing Road, Guiyang, 550014, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.1, DongQing Road, Guiyang, 550014, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, No.1, DongQing Road, Guiyang, 550014, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.639, Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
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50
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Varela-Fernández R, Díaz-Tomé V, Luaces-Rodríguez A, Conde-Penedo A, García-Otero X, Luzardo-Álvarez A, Fernández-Ferreiro A, Otero-Espinar FJ. Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye: Biopharmaceutic and Pharmacokinetic Considerations. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E269. [PMID: 32188045 PMCID: PMC7151081 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of the posterior-segment ocular diseases, such as age-related eye diseases (AMD) or diabetic retinopathy (DR), present a challenge for ophthalmologists due to the complex anatomy and physiology of the eye. This specialized organ is composed of various static and dynamic barriers that restrict drug delivery into the target site of action. Despite numerous efforts, effective intraocular drug delivery remains unresolved and, therefore, it is highly desirable to improve the current treatments of diseases affecting the posterior cavity. This review article gives an overview of pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutics aspects for the most commonly-used ocular administration routes (intravitreal, topical, systemic, and periocular), including information of the absorption, distribution, and elimination, as well as the benefits and limitations of each one. This article also encompasses different conventional and novel drug delivery systems designed and developed to improve drug pharmacokinetics intended for the posterior ocular segment treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Varela-Fernández
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Clinical Neurosciences Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Victoria Díaz-Tomé
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea Luaces-Rodríguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrea Conde-Penedo
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Paraquasil Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Xurxo García-Otero
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Molecular Imaging Group. University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Asteria Luzardo-Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Paraquasil Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anxo Fernández-Ferreiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Group, University Clinical Hospital, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Otero-Espinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Campus vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (R.V.-F.); (V.D.-T.); (A.L.-R.); (A.C.-P.); (X.G.-O.); (A.L.-Á.)
- Paraquasil Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Travesía da Choupana s/n, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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