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Wood J, Palms D, Dabare R, Vasilev K, Bright R. Exploring the Challenges of Characterising Surface Topography of Polymer-Nanoparticle Composites. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1275. [PMID: 39120379 PMCID: PMC11313880 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Nanomechanical testing plays a crucial role in evaluating surfaces containing nanoparticles. Testing verifies surface performance concerning their intended function and detects any potential shortcomings in operational standards. Recognising that nanostructured surfaces are not always straightforward or uniform is essential. The chemical composition and morphology of these surfaces determine the end-point functionality. This can entail a layered surface using materials in contrast to each other that may require further modification after nanomechanical testing to pass performance and quality standards. Nanomechanical analysis of a structured surface consisting of a poly-methyl oxazoline film base functionalised with colloidal gold nanoparticles was demonstrated using an atomic force microscope (AFM). AFM nanomechanical testing investigated the overall substrate architecture's topographical, friction, adhesion, and wear parameters. Limitations towards its potential operation as a biomaterial were also addressed. This was demonstrated by using the AFM cantilever to apply various forces and break the bonds between the polymer film and gold nanoparticles. The AFM instrument offers an insight to the behaviour of low-modulus surface against a higher-modulus nanoparticle. This paper details the bonding and reaction limitations between these materials on the application of an externally applied force. The application of this interaction is highly scrutinised to highlight the potential limitations of a functionalised surface. These findings highlight the importance of conducting comprehensive nanomechanical testing to address concerns related to fabricating intricate biomaterial surfaces featuring nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Wood
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (J.W.); (R.D.)
| | - Dennis Palms
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Ruvini Dabare
- Academic Unit of STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia; (J.W.); (R.D.)
| | - Krasimir Vasilev
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
| | - Richard Bright
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia;
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2
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Masclef JB, Acs EMN, Koehnke J, Prunet J, Schmidt BVKJ. PEGose Block Poly(lactic acid) Nanoparticles for Cargo Delivery. Macromolecules 2024; 57:6013-6023. [PMID: 39005948 PMCID: PMC11238580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Hydrophilic polymers have found ubiquitous use in drug delivery and novel polymer materials to advance drug delivery systems are highly sought after. Herein, an amylose mimic (PEGose) was combined with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) in an amphiphilic block copolymer to form PEG-free nanoparticles as an alternative to PEG-based nanomedicines. The block copolymer self-assembled into 150-200 nm particles with a narrow dispersity in aqueous environment. The formed nanoparticles were capable of encapsulation, the sustained release of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic dyes. Moreover, the nanoparticles were found to be remarkably stable and had a very low cytotoxicity and a high propensity to penetrate cells. These results highlight the potential of PEGose-b-PLA to be used in drug delivery with a new hydrophilic building block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Masclef
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Emmanuelle M. N. Acs
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
| | - Jesko Koehnke
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
- Institute
of Food Chemistry, Leibniz University Hannover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Joëlle Prunet
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Joseph Black Building, G12 8QQ Glasgow, U.K.
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Lv K, Ma S, Liu L, Chen H, Huang Z, Zhu Z, Qi Y, Song W. Peptide nanovaccine conjugated via a retro-Diels-Alder reaction linker for overcoming the obstacle in lymph node penetration and eliciting robust cellular immunity. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5848-5860. [PMID: 38775048 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00674g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles have been regarded as a promising vaccine adjuvant due to their innate immune potentiation and enhanced antigen transport. However, the inefficient infiltration into the lymph node (LN) paracortex of nanoparticles caused by subcapsular sinus (SCS) obstruction is the main challenge in further improvement of nanovaccine immune efficacy. Herein, we propose to overcome paracortex penetration by using nanovaccine to spontaneously and continuously release antigens after retention in the SCS. In detail, we utilized a spontaneous retro-Diels-Alder (r-D-A) reaction linker to connect poly{(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)80-co-[(2-butyl-2-oxazoline)15-r-(2-thioethyl-2-oxazoline)8]} (PMBOxSH) and peptides for the peptide nanovaccine construction. The r-D-A reaction linker can spontaneously break over time, allowing the nanovaccine to release free antigens and adjuvants upon reaching the LN, thereby facilitating the entry of released antigens and adjuvants into the interior of the LNs. We showed that the efficacy of the peptide nanovaccine constructed using this dynamic linker could be significantly improved, thus greatly enhancing the tumor inhibition efficacy in the B16-OVA model. This dynamic-covalent-chemistry-based vaccine strategy may inspire designing more efficient therapeutic vaccines, especially those that require eliciting high-amount T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuncheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Sheng Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zichao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhenyi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yibo Qi
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun 130022, China
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Glaive AS, Cœur CL, Guigner JM, Amiel C, Volet G. Amphiphilic Heterograft Copolymers Bearing Biocompatible/Biodegradable Grafts. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2050-2063. [PMID: 38243903 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The amphiphilic heterograft copolymers bearing biocompatible/biodegradable grafts [poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline-co-2-pentyl-2-oxazoline)-g-poly(d-l-lactic acid)/poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)] were synthesized successfully by the combination of cationic ring-opening polymerization and click chemistry via the ⟨"grafting to"⟩ approach. The challenge of this synthesis was to graft together hydrophobic and hydrophilic chains on a hydrophilic platform based on PMeOx. The efficiency of grafting depends on the chemical nature of the grafts and of the length of the macromolecular chains. The self-assembly of these polymers in aqueous media was investigated by DLS, cryo-TEM, and SANS. The results demonstrated that different morphologies were obtained from nanospheres and vesicles to filaments depending on the hydrophilic weight ratio in the heterograft copolymer varying from 0.38 until 0.84. As poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) is known to be thermoresponsive, the influence of temperature rise on the nanoassembly stability was studied in water and in a physiological medium. SANS and DLS measurements during a temperature ramp allowed to show that nanoassemblies start to self-assemble in "raspberry like" primary structures at 50 °C, and these structures grow and get denser as the temperature is increased further. These amphiphilic heterograft copolymers may include hydrophobic drugs and should find important applications for biomedical applications which require stealth properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline-Sarah Glaive
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
| | - Clémence Le Cœur
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-CNRS UMR CEA Saclay, Gif sur Yvette 91191, France
| | - Jean-Michel Guigner
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie (IMPMC), Sorbonne Université, IRD, CNRS UMR7590, MNHN; 4 place Jussieu, Paris 75252, France
| | - Catherine Amiel
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
| | - Gisèle Volet
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, ICMPE, UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
- Université d'Evry Val d'Essonne, Rue du Père Jarlan, Evry cedex 91025, France
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Xue H, Ju Y, Ye X, Dai M, Tang C, Liu L. Construction of intelligent drug delivery system based on polysaccharide-derived polymer micelles: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:128048. [PMID: 37967605 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Micelles are nanostructures developed via the spontaneous assembly of amphiphilic polymers in aqueous systems, which possess the advantages of high drug stability or active-ingredient solubilization, targeted transport, controlled release, high bioactivity, and stability. Polysaccharides have excellent water solubility, biocompatibility, and degradability, and can be modified to achieve a hydrophobic core to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs, improve drug biocompatibility, and achieve regulated delivery of the loaded drug. Micelles drug delivery systems based on polysaccharides and their derivatives show great potential in the biomedical field. This review discusses the principles of self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers and the formation of micelles; the preparation of amphiphilic polysaccharides is described in detail, and an overview of common polysaccharides and their modifications is provided. We focus on the review of strategies for encapsulating drugs in polysaccharide-derived polymer micelles (PDPMs) and building intelligent drug delivery systems. This review provides new research directions that will help promote future research and development of PDPMs in the field of drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqian Xue
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China; School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Yikun Ju
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xiuzhi Ye
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Minghai Dai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China
| | - Chengxuan Tang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China.
| | - Liangle Liu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325200, China.
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6
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Drain BA, Becer RC. Hydrolysis of hydrophobic poly(2-oxazoline)s and their subsequent modification via aza-Michael addition. Des Monomers Polym 2023; 26:214-222. [PMID: 37840642 PMCID: PMC10569348 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2023.2267232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Partially hydrolysed poly(2-oxazoline)s possess unique properties. However, much of the focus in this area has been on water soluble poly(2-oxazoline)s. Where hydrophobic poly(2-oxazoline)s have been used, this is often for selective hydrolysis. However, hydrolysis of very hydrophobic polymers could lead to interesting solution behaviour. Herein, we describe universal conditions for the hydrolysis of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s suitable for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic 2-oxazolines. We show that the system utilised gives comparable rates to that of water alone for poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). In addition, poly(2-fatty acid-2-oxazoline) was hydrolysed using the developed system and was found to proceed in a controlled manner allowing the targeting of specific degrees of hydrolysis, albeit much slower than for poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). Finally, we demonstrate the partial functionalisation of poly(2-oxazoline)-poly(ethylene imine) co-polymers via aza-Michael addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben A. Drain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Remzi C. Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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7
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Nezir AE, Bolat ZB, Ozturk N, Kocak P, Zemheri E, Gulyuz S, Ozkose UU, Yilmaz O, Vural I, Bozkır A, Sahin F, Telci D. Targeting prostate cancer with docetaxel-loaded peptide 563-conjugated PEtOx-co-PEI 30%-b-PCL polymeric micelle nanocarriers. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1023-1037. [PMID: 37318626 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03292-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a global disease that negatively affects the quality of life. Although various strategies against prostate cancer have been developed, only a few achieved tumor-specific targeting. Therefore, a special emphasis has been placed on the treatment of cancer using nano-carrier-encapsulated chemotherapeutic agents conjugated with tumor-homing peptides. The targeting strategy coupling the drugs with nanotechnology helps to overcome the most common barriers, such as high toxicity and side effects. Prostate-specific membrane antigen has emerged as a promising target molecule for prostate cancer and shown to be targeted with high affinity by GRFLTGGTGRLLRIS peptide known as peptide 563 (P563). Here, we aimed to assess the in vitro and in vivo targeting efficiency, safety, and efficacy of P563-conjugated, docetaxel (DTX)-loaded polymeric micelle nanoparticles (P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-DTX) against prostate cancer. To this end, we analyzed the cytotoxic activity of P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL and P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-DTX by a cell proliferation assay using PNT1A and 22Rv1 cells. We have also determined the targeting selectivity of P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-FITC by flow cytometry and assessed the induction of cell death by western blot and TUNEL assays for P563-PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL-DTX in 22Rv1 cells. To investigate the in vivo efficacy, we administered DTX in the free form or in polymeric micelle nanoparticles to athymic CD-1 nu/nu mice 22Rv1 xenograft models and performed histopathological analyses. Our study showed that targeting prostate cancer with P563-conjugated PEtOx-co-PEI30%-b-PCL polymeric micelles could exert a potent anti-cancer activity with low side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Ece Nezir
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Busra Bolat
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Kucukcekmece, 34303, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Naile Ozturk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Inonu University, Battalgazi, 44280, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Polen Kocak
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Zemheri
- Department of Pathology, Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Umraniye, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Gulyuz
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Ugur Ozkose
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Piri Reis University, Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yilmaz
- Materials Institute, Marmara Research Center, TUBITAK, Gebze, Turkey
| | - Imran Vural
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Bozkır
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Yeni Mahalle, 06560, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Sahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Telci
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Inonu Mahallesi, Kayisdagi Caddesi, Atasehir, 34755, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Coronel-Meneses D, Sánchez-Trasviña C, Ratera I, Mayolo-Deloisa K. Strategies for surface coatings of implantable cardiac medical devices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1173260. [PMID: 37256118 PMCID: PMC10225971 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1173260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac medical devices (CMDs) are required when the patient's cardiac capacity or activity is compromised. To guarantee its correct functionality, the building materials in the development of CMDs must focus on several fundamental properties such as strength, stiffness, rigidity, corrosion resistance, etc. The challenge is more significant because CMDs are generally built with at least one metallic and one polymeric part. However, not only the properties of the materials need to be taken into consideration. The biocompatibility of the materials represents one of the major causes of the success of CMDs in the short and long term. Otherwise, the material will lead to several problems of hemocompatibility (e.g., protein adsorption, platelet aggregation, thrombus formation, bacterial infection, and finally, the rejection of the CMDs). To enhance the hemocompatibility of selected materials, surface modification represents a suitable solution. The surface modification involves the attachment of chemical compounds or bioactive compounds to the surface of the material. These coatings interact with the blood and avoid hemocompatibility and infection issues. This work reviews two main topics: 1) the materials employed in developing CMDs and their key characteristics, and 2) the surface modifications reported in the literature, clinical trials, and those that have reached the market. With the aim of providing to the research community, considerations regarding the choice of materials for CMDs, together with the advantages and disadvantages of the surface modifications and the limitations of the studies performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Coronel-Meneses
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Calef Sánchez-Trasviña
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Imma Ratera
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIBellaterra, Spain
| | - Karla Mayolo-Deloisa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Monterrey, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Monterrey, Mexico
- Institute of Materials Science of Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Spain
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Gubarev AS, Lezov AA, Podsevalnikova AN, Mikusheva NG, Fetin PA, Zorin IM, Aseyev VO, Sedlacek O, Hoogenboom R, Tsvetkov NV. Conformational Parameters and Hydrodynamic Behavior of Poly(2-Methyl-2-Oxazoline) in a Broad Molar Mass Range. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030623. [PMID: 36771924 PMCID: PMC9921015 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report our results on the hydrodynamic behavior of poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMeOx). PMeOx is gaining significant attention for use as hydrophilic polymer in pharmaceutical carriers as an alternative for the commonly used poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), for which antibodies are found in a significant fraction of the human population. The main focus of the current study is to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of PMeOx under physiological conditions, which serves as basis for better understanding of the use of PMeOx in pharmaceutical applications. This goal was achieved by studying PMeOx solutions in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as a solvent at 37 °C. This study was performed based on two series of PMeOx samples; one series is synthesized by conventional living cationic ring-opening polymerization, which is limited by the maximum chain length that can be achieved, and a second series is obtained by an alternative synthesis strategy based on acetylation of well-defined linear poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) prepared by controlled side-chain hydrolysis of a defined high molar mass of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). The combination of these two series of PMeOx allowed the determination of the Kuhn-Mark-Houwink-Sakurada equations in a broad molar mass range. For intrinsic viscosity, sedimentation and diffusion coefficients, the following expressions were obtained: η=0.015M0.77, s0=0.019M0.42 and D0=2600M-0.58, respectively. As a result, it can be concluded that the phosphate-buffered saline buffer at 37 °C represents a thermodynamically good solvent for PMeOx, based on the scaling indices of the equations. The conformational parameters for PMeOx chains were also determined, revealing an equilibrium rigidity or Kuhn segment length, (A) of 1.7 nm and a polymer chain diameter (d) of 0.4 nm. The obtained value for the equilibrium rigidity is very similar to the reported values for other hydrophilic polymers, such as PEG, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), making PMeOx a relevant alternative to PEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Gubarev
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Lezov
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna N. Podsevalnikova
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina G. Mikusheva
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Petr A. Fetin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan M. Zorin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir O. Aseyev
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ondrej Sedlacek
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (N.V.T.)
| | - Nikolai V. Tsvetkov
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Polymer Physics, Saint-Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, 199034 Saint-Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (R.H.); (N.V.T.)
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10
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Bardoula V, Leclercq L, Hoogenboom R, Nardello-Rataj V. Amphiphilic nonionic block and gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s based on 2-methyl-2-oxazoline and 2-phenyl-2-oxazoline as efficient stabilizers for the formulation of tailor-made emulsions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 632:223-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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Natal Lima de Menezes R, Felisberti MI. pH-responsive crosslinked vesicles and micelles based on poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline-b-4-vinylpyridine). Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Poly(2-oxazoline)s as Stimuli-Responsive Materials for Biomedical Applications: Recent Developments of Polish Scientists. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194176. [PMID: 36236124 PMCID: PMC9572872 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazoline)s are the synthetic polymers that are the products of the cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) of 2-oxazoline monomers. Due to their beneficial properties, from which biocompatibility, stealth behavior, high functionalization possibilities, low dispersity, stability, nonionic character, and solubility in water and organic solvents should be noted, they have found many applications and gained enormous interest from scientists. Additionally, with high versatility attainable through copolymerization or through post-polymerization modifications, this class of polymeric systems has been widely used as a polymeric platform for novel biomedical applications. The chemistry of polymers significant expanded into biomedical applications, in which polymeric networks can be successfully used in pharmaceutical development for tissue engineering, gene therapies, and also drug delivery systems. On the other hand, there is also a need to create ‘smart’ polymer biomaterials, responsive to the specified factor, that will be sensitive to various environmental stimuli. The commonly used stimuli-responsive biomedical materials are based mostly on temperature-, light-, magnetic-, electric-, and pH-responsive systems. Thus, creating selective and responsive materials that allow personalized treatment is in the interest of the scientific world. This review article focuses on recent discoveries by Polish scientists working in the field of stimuli-responsive poly(2-oxazoline)s, and their work is compared and contrasted with results reported by other world-renowned specialists.
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13
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Sharma S, Mandhani A, Basu B. Contact-Active Layer-by-Layer Grafted TPU/PDMS Blends as an Antiencrustation and Antibacterial Platform for Next-Generation Urological Biomaterials: Validation in Artificial and Human Urine. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4497-4523. [PMID: 36094424 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Urinary tract infections and urinary encrustation impede the long-term clinical performance of urological implants and medical devices. Together, biofilm formation and encrustation constitute serious complications, driving the development of next-generation urological biomaterials. The currently available bioengineered solutions have limited success during long-term usage in the urinary environment. In addressing this unmet clinical challenge, contact-active, antiencrustation surface grafting were conceived onto a dynamically cross-linked polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) modified thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) blend using the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly route. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate the LbL grafting in developing an antiencrustation platform. These multilayered assemblies strategically employed covalent cross-linking and electrostatic interaction-assisted progressive depositions of branched polyethyleneimine and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). While polyethyleneimine conferred the contact-killing bactericidal activity, the much-coveted antiencrustation properties were rendered by incorporating a partially hydrolyzed derivative of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). The performance of the resultant surface-modified TPU/PDMS blends was benchmarked against the conventional urological alloplasts, in a customized lab-scale bioreactor-based dynamic encrustation study and in human urine. After 6 weeks of exposure to an artificial urine medium, simulating urease-positive bacterial infection, the surface-modified blends exhibited a remarkable ability to suppress Ca and Mg encrustation. In addition, these blends also displayed superior grafting stability and antibacterial efficacy against common uropathogens. As high as 4-fold log reduction in the planktonic growth of Gram-negative P. mirabilis and Gram-positive MRSA was recorded with the LbL platform vis-à-vis medical-grade TPU. In conjunction, the in vitro cellular assessment with human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) established the uncompromised cytocompatibility of the multilayered grafted blends. Finally, the physiologically relevant functionality of the LbL grafting has been validated using clinical samples of human urine collected from 129 patients with a broad spectrum of disease conditions. The phase-I pre-clinical study, entailing 6 week-long incubation in human urine, demonstrated significantly improved encrustation resistance of the blends. The collective findings of the present work clearly establish the success of LbL strategies in the development of stable, multifunctional new-generation urological biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anil Mandhani
- Department of Urology and Kidney Transplant, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram 122002, India
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.,Center for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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14
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Polyoxazoline: A review article from polymerization to smart behaviors and biomedical applications. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Olszewski M, Jeong J, Szczepaniak G, Li S, Enciso A, Murata H, Averick S, Kapil K, Das SR, Matyjaszewski K. Sulfoxide-Containing Polyacrylamides Prepared by PICAR ATRP for Biohybrid Materials. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1091-1096. [PMID: 35998359 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Water-soluble and biocompatible polymers are of interest in biomedicine as the search for alternatives to PEG-based materials becomes more important. In this work, the synthesis of a new sulfoxide-containing monomer, 2-(methylsulfinyl)ethyl acrylamide (MSEAM), is reported. Well-defined polymers were prepared by photoinduced initiators for continuous activator regeneration atom transfer radical polymerization (PICAR ATRP). The polymerizations were performed in water under biologically relevant conditions in a small volume without degassing the reaction mixture. DNA-PMSEAM and protein-PMSEAM hybrids were also synthesized. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PMSEAM was estimated to be approximately 170 °C by extrapolating the LCST for a series of copolymers with variable content of N-isopropylacrylamide. The cytotoxicity studies showed excellent biocompatibility of PMSEAM, even at concentrations up to 2.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, the MSEAM monomer exhibited relatively lower toxicity than similar (meth)acrylate-based monomers at comparable concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jaepil Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Grzegorz Szczepaniak
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Sipei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Alan Enciso
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hironobu Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Saadyah Averick
- Neuroscience Disruptive Research Lab, Allegheny Health Network Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15212, United States
| | - Kriti Kapil
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Subha R Das
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States.,Center for Nucleic Acids Science & Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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16
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Lin M, Wang M, Liu D, Zuckermann RN, Sun J. Nanoscale Polyelectrolyte Complex Vesicles from Bioinspired Peptidomimetic Homopolymers with Zwitterionic Property and Extreme Stability. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Meiyao Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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17
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Dau H, Jones GR, Tsogtgerel E, Nguyen D, Keyes A, Liu YS, Rauf H, Ordonez E, Puchelle V, Basbug Alhan H, Zhao C, Harth E. Linear Block Copolymer Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:14471-14553. [PMID: 35960550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers form the basis of the most ubiquitous materials such as thermoplastic elastomers, bridge interphases in polymer blends, and are fundamental for the development of high-performance materials. The driving force to further advance these materials is the accessibility of block copolymers, which have a wide variety in composition, functional group content, and precision of their structure. To advance and broaden the application of block copolymers will depend on the nature of combined segmented blocks, guided through the combination of polymerization techniques to reach a high versatility in block copolymer architecture and function. This review provides the most comprehensive overview of techniques to prepare linear block copolymers and is intended to serve as a guideline on how polymerization techniques can work together to result in desired block combinations. As the review will give an account of the relevant procedures and access areas, the sections will include orthogonal approaches or sequentially combined polymerization techniques, which increases the synthetic options for these materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huong Dau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Glen R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Enkhjargal Tsogtgerel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Dung Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Anthony Keyes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Yu-Sheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hasaan Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Estela Ordonez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Valentin Puchelle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Hatice Basbug Alhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Chenying Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Center for Excellence in Chemistry, CEPC, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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18
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Ismail R, Šeděnková I, Černochová Z, Romanenko I, Pop-Georgievski O, Hrubý M, Tomšík E. Potentiometric Performance of Ion-Selective Electrodes Based on Polyaniline and Chelating Agents: Detection of Fe2+ or Fe3+ Ions. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070446. [PMID: 35884249 PMCID: PMC9313018 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We constructed a sensor for the determination of Fe2+ and/or Fe3+ ions that consists of a polyaniline layer as an ion-to-electron transducer; on top of it, chelating molecules are deposited (which can selectively chelate specific ions) and protected with a non-biofouling poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)s layer. We have shown that our potentiometric sensing layers show a rapid response to the presence of Fe2+ or Fe3+ ions, do not experience interference with other ions (such as Cu2+), and work in a biological environment in the presence of bovine serum albumin (as a model serum protein). The sensing layers detect iron ions in the concentration range from 5 nM to 50 µM.
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19
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Matthes R, Frey H. Polyethers Based on Short-Chain Alkyl Glycidyl Ethers: Thermoresponsive and Highly Biocompatible Materials. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2219-2235. [PMID: 35622963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization of short-chain alkyl glycidyl ethers (SCAGEs) enables the synthesis of biocompatible polyethers with finely tunable hydrophilicity. Aliphatic polyethers, most prominently poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), are utilized in manifold biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and aqueous solubility. By incorporation of short hydrophobic side-chains at linear polyglycerol, control of aqueous solubility and the respective lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution is feasible. Concurrently, the chemically inert character in analogy to PEG is maintained, as no further functional groups are introduced at the polyether structure. Adjustment of the hydrophilicity and the thermoresponsive behavior of the resulting poly(glycidyl ether)s in a broad temperature range is achieved either by the combination of the different SCAGEs or with PEG as a hydrophilic block. Homopolymers of methyl and ethyl glycidyl ether (PGME, PEGE) are soluble in aqueous solution at room temperature. In contrast, n-propyl glycidyl ether and iso-propyl glycidyl ether lead to hydrophobic polyethers. The use of a variety of ring-opening polymerization techniques allows for controlled polymerization, while simultaneously determining the resulting microstructures. Atactic as well as isotactic polymers are accessible by utilization of the respective racemic or enantiomerically pure monomers. Polymer architectures varying from statistical copolymers, di- and triblock structures to star-shaped architectures, in combination with PEG, have been applied in various thermoresponsive hydrogel formulations or polymeric surface coatings for cell sheet engineering. Materials responding to stimuli are of increasing importance for "smart" biomedical systems, making thermoresponsive polyethers with short-alkyl ether side chains promising candidates for future biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
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20
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Jana S, Hoogenboom R. Poly(2‐oxazoline)s: A comprehensive overview of polymer structures and their physical properties – An update. POLYM INT 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somdeb Jana
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281‐S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281‐S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
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21
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Morgan TE, Floyd TG, Marzullo BP, Wootton CA, Barrow MP, Bristow AWT, Perrier S, O'Connor PB. Stochasticity of poly(2-oxazoline) oligomer hydrolysis determined by tandem mass spectrometry. Polym Chem 2022; 13:4162-4169. [PMID: 35923808 PMCID: PMC9294869 DOI: 10.1039/d2py00437b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding modification of synthetic polymer structures is necessary for their accurate synthesis and potential applications. In this contribution, a series of partially hydrolyzed poly(2-oxazoline) species were produced forming poly[(2-polyoxazoline)-co-(ethylenimine)] (P(EtOx-co-EI)) copolymers; EI being the hydrolyzed product of Ox. Bulk mass spectrometry (MS) measurements accurately measured the EI content. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the EI content in the copolymer samples determined the distribution of each monomer within the copolymer and corresponded to a theoretically modelled random distribution. The EI distribution across the polymers was shown to be effected by the choice of terminus, with a permanent hydrolysis event observed at an OH terminus. A neighbouring group effect wasn't observed at the polymer length analysed (approximately 25-mer species), suggesting that previously observed neighbouring group effects require a larger polymer chain. Although clearly useful for random polymer distribution this approach may be applied to many systems containing non-specific modifications to determine if they are directed or random locations across peptides, proteins, polymers, and nucleic acids. Tandem mass spectrometry can be used to better understand modification sites of synthetic polymer structures providing more complete chemical knowledge which is necessary for their accurate synthesis and potential applications.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomos E Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Thomas G Floyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Bryan P Marzullo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | | | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Anthony W T Bristow
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca Charter Way Macclesfield SK102NA UK
| | - Sébastien Perrier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University 381 Royal Parade Parkville VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Peter B O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
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22
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Liubimtsev N, Kösterke T, Che Y, Appelhans D, Gaitzsch J, Voit B. Redox-sensitive ferrocene functionalised double cross-linked supramolecular hydrogels. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01211h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Responsive double cross-linked hydrogels have proven to be a powerful approach to create smart polymer networks but unfold even greater potential if combined with supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Liubimtsev
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tom Kösterke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yunjiao Che
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Gaitzsch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Organic Chemistry of Polymers, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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23
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Thermoresponsive Molecular Brushes with a Rigid-Chain Aromatic Polyester Backbone and Poly-2-alkyl-2-oxazoline Side Chains. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212265. [PMID: 34830139 PMCID: PMC8622345 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A new polycondensation aromatic rigid-chain polyester macroinitiator was synthesized and used to graft linear poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline as well as poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline by cationic polymerization. The prepared copolymers and the macroinitiator were characterized by NMR, GPC, AFM, turbidimetry, static, and dynamic light scattering. The molar masses of the polyester main chain and the grafted copolymers with poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline side chains were 26,500, 208,000, and 67,900, respectively. The molar masses of the side chains of poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline and their grafting densities were 7400 and 3400 and 0.53 and 0.27, respectively. In chloroform, the copolymers conformation can be considered as a cylinder wormlike chain, the diameter of which depends on the side chain length. In water at low temperatures, the macromolecules of the poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline copolymer assume a wormlike conformation because their backbones are well shielded by side chains, whereas the copolymer with short side chains and low grafting density strongly aggregates, which was visualized by AFM. The phase separation temperatures of the copolymers were lower than those of linear analogs of the side chains and decreased with the concentration for both samples. The LCST were estimated to be around 45 °C for the poly-2-ethyl-2-oxazoline graft copolymer, and below 20 °C for the poly-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline graft copolymer.
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24
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Mazrad ZAI, Schelle B, Nicolazzo JA, Leiske MN, Kempe K. Nitrile-Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s as a Versatile Platform for the Development of Polymer Therapeutics. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4618-4632. [PMID: 34647734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, polymers bearing reactive groups have received significant interest for biomedical applications. Numerous functional polymer platforms have been introduced, which allow for the preparation of materials with tailored properties via post-polymerization modifications. However, because of their reactivity, many functional groups are not compatible with the initial polymerization. The nitrile group is a highly interesting and relatively inert functionality that has mainly received attention in radical polymerizations. In this Article, a nitrile-functionalized 2-oxazoline monomer (2-(4-nitrile-butyl)-2-oxazoline, BuNiOx) is introduced, and its compatibility with the cationic ring-opening polymerization is demonstrated. Subsequently, the versatility of nitrile-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) is presented. To this end, diverse (co)polymers are synthesized and characterized by nuclear resonance spectroscopy, size-exclusion chromatography, and mass spectrometry. Amphiphilic block copolymers are shown to efficiently encapsulate the hydrophobic drug curcumin (CUR) in aqueous solution, and the anti-inflammatory effect of the CUR-containing nanostructures is presented in BV-2 microglia. Furthermore, the availability of the BuNiOx repeating units for post-polymerization modifications with hydroxylamine to yield amidoxime (AO)-functionalized POx is demonstrated. These AO-containing POx were successfully applied for the complexation of Fe(III) in a quantitative manner. In addition, AO-functionalized POx were shown to release nitric oxide intracellularly in BV-2 microglia. Thus nitrile-functionalized POx represent a promising and robust platform for the design of polymer therapeutics for a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihnil A I Mazrad
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Baptiste Schelle
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Joseph A Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Meike N Leiske
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kristian Kempe
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.,Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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25
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Huntošová V, Datta S, Lenkavská L, Máčajová M, Bilčík B, Kundeková B, Čavarga I, Kronek J, Jutková A, Miškovský P, Jancura D. Alkyl Chain Length in Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Amphiphilic Gradient Copolymers Regulates the Delivery of Hydrophobic Molecules: A Case of the Biodistribution and the Photodynamic Activity of the Photosensitizer Hypericin. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4199-4216. [PMID: 34494830 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanostructures of amphiphilic gradient copoly(2-oxazoline)s have recently attracted attention as promising delivery systems for the effective delivery of hydrophobic anticancer drugs. In this study, we have investigated the effects of increasing hydrophobic side chain length on the self-assembly of gradient copolymers composed of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline as the hydrophilic comonomer and various 2-(4-alkyloxyphenyl)-2-oxazolines as hydrophobic comonomers. We show that the size of the formed polymeric nanoparticles depends on the structure of the copolymers. Moreover, the stability and properties of the polymeric assembly can be affected by the loading of hypericin, a promising compound for photodiagnostics and photodynamic therapy (PDT). We have found the limitation that allows rapid or late release of hypericin from polymeric nanoparticles. The nanoparticles entering the cells by endocytosis decreased the hypericin-induced PDT, and the contribution of the passive process (diffusion) increased the probability of a stronger photoeffect. A study of fluorescence pharmacokinetics and biodistribution revealed differences in the release of hypericin from nanoparticles toward the quail chorioallantoic membrane, a preclinical model for in vivo studies, depending on the composition of polymeric nanoparticles. Photodamage induced by PDT in vivo well correlated with the in vitro results. All formulations studied succeeded in targeting hypericin at cancer cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated the promising potential of poly(2-oxazoline)-based gradient copolymers for effective drug delivery and sequential drug release needed for successful photodiagnostics and PDT in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Huntošová
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Shubhashis Datta
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Lenkavská
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Mariana Máčajová
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Boris Bilčík
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Kundeková
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Čavarga
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Centre of Biosciences, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 840 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Annamária Jutková
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Miškovský
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia.,SAFTRA Photonics sro., Moldavska cesta 51, 04011 Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Jancura
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Jesenna 5, 041 54 Kosice, Slovakia
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26
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Sánchez-Fernández MJ, Rutjes J, Félix Lanao RP, Bender JCME, van Hest JCM, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Bone-Adhesive Hydrogels Based on Dual Crosslinked Poly(2-oxazoline)s. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100257. [PMID: 34569720 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The development of bone glues based on bone-adhesive hydrogels to allow for facile bone fracture fixation remains a major challenge. Herein, dual crosslinked hydrogels that combine tunable stiffness, ductility, and self-healing capacity are successfully synthesized. The resulting double network hydrogel is formed by chemical crosslinking of N-hydroxysuccinimide-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s(POx-NHS)"?> with amine-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s, and physical crosslinking of alendronate-functionalized poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx-Ale) with calcium ions in solution. The use of an excess of alendronate-functionalized POx-Ale polymers also ensures affinity toward calcium cations in the mineral phase of bone, thereby rendering these hydrogels adhesive to bone. The mechanical and bone-adhesive properties of these novel hydrogels are superior to commercially available fibrin sealants. Moreover, hydrogels retain their bone-adhesive properties under wet conditions. Although the dual crosslinked hydrogels swell considerably, they are stable upon immersion in phosphate-buffered saline (up to 12 d) and even in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid solution. The enhanced mechanical and bone-adhesive properties of these hydrogels, as well as their in vitro stability, indicate that they have much application potential as bone-adhesive glues.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, the Netherlands
| | - Jens Rutjes
- Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan C M van Hest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, MB, 5600, the Netherlands
| | - Sander C G Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Dentistry-Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, the Netherlands
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27
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Sharma V, Paramasivam G, Vergaelen M, Hoogenboom R, Sundaramurthy A. Tannic Acid-Stabilized Self-Degrading Temperature-Sensitive Poly(2- n-propyl-2-oxazoline)/Gellan Gum Capsules for Lipase Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:7134-7146. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Sharma
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gokul Paramasivam
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maarten Vergaelen
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S4, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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28
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Kalinova R, Valchanova M, Dimitrov I, Turmanova S, Ugrinova I, Petrova M, Vlahova Z, Rangelov S. Functional Polyglycidol-Based Block Copolymers for DNA Complexation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9606. [PMID: 34502513 PMCID: PMC8431755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is an attractive therapeutic method for the treatment of genetic disorders for which the efficient delivery of nucleic acids into a target cell is critical. The present study is aimed at evaluating the potential of copolymers based on linear polyglycidol to act as carriers of nucleic acids. Functional copolymers with linear polyglycidol as a non-ionic hydrophilic block and a second block bearing amine hydrochloride pendant groups were prepared using previously synthesized poly(allyl glycidyl ether)-b-polyglycidol block copolymers as precursors. The amine functionalities were introduced via highly efficient radical addition of 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride to the alkene side groups. The modified copolymers formed loose aggregates with strongly positive surface charge in aqueous media, stabilized by the presence of dodecyl residues at the end of the copolymer structures and the hydrogen-bonding interactions in polyglycidol segments. The copolymer aggregates were able to condense DNA into stable and compact nanosized polyplex particles through electrostatic interactions. The copolymers and the corresponding polyplexes showed low to moderate cytotoxicity on a panel of human cancer cell lines. The cell internalization evaluation demonstrated the capability of the polyplexes to successfully deliver DNA into the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radostina Kalinova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Miroslava Valchanova
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University “Prof. Assen Zlatarov”, 8010 Burgas, Bulgaria; (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Ivaylo Dimitrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Sevdalina Turmanova
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University “Prof. Assen Zlatarov”, 8010 Burgas, Bulgaria; (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (Z.V.)
| | - Maria Petrova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (Z.V.)
| | - Zlatina Vlahova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (Z.V.)
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
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29
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Delivery of doxorubicin loaded P18 conjugated-poly(2-ethyl-oxazoline)-DOPE nanoliposomes for targeted therapy of breast cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 428:115671. [PMID: 34391753 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease, has the highest incidence rate and is a major cause of death in females worldwide. Drug delivery by using nanotechnology has shown great promise for improving cancer treatment. Nanoliposomes are known to have enhanced accumulation ability in tumors due to prolonged systemic circulation. Peptide 18 (P18), a tumor homing peptide targeting keratin-1 (KRT-1), was previously shown to have high binding affinity towards breast cancer cells. In this study, we investigate the ability of P18 conjugated PEtOx-DOPE nanoliposomes (P18-PEtOx-DOPE) for the targeted delivery of doxorubicin to AU565 breast cancer model. Toxicology studies of PEtOx-DOPE nanoliposomes performed on normal breast epithelial cells (MCF10A), showed minimal toxicity. Doxorubicin delivery by P18-PEtOx-DOPE to AU565 cells induces cytotoxicity in a dose and time dependent manner causing mitotic arrest in G2/M phase at 24 h. Anti-cancer activity of P18-PEtOx-DOPE-DOX nanoliposomes on AU565 cells was detected by Annexin V/PI apoptosis assay. In terms of in vivo antitumor efficacy, P18-PEtOx-DOPE-DOX nanoliposomes administration to AU565 CD-1 nu/nu mice model showed significant decrease in tumor volume suggesting that DOX delivered by these nanoliposomes elicited a strong antitumor response comparable to the free delivery of doxorubicin. Overall, our results offered preclinical proof for the use of P18-PEtOx-DOPE-DOX nanoliposomes in KRT-1+ breast cancer therapy.
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31
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Brunzel M, Dirauf M, Sahn M, Czaplewska JA, Fritz N, Weber C, Nischang I, Schubert US. On the identification and quantification of proton-initiated species in the synthesis of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s by high resolution liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1653:462364. [PMID: 34280792 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophilic poly(2-oxazoline)s represent a promising alternative to replace poly(ethylene glycol) in the biomedical field. For that purpose, reliable analytical protocols to confirm identity and quantity of impurities are required. In particular, side products deriving from chain transfer reactions occurring during the cationic ring-opening polymerization and incomplete end-capping processes may be present. The analytical approach must hence be capable of separating polymers according to minor changes regarding their end group. We demonstrate that liquid chromatography, relying on a monolithic C18-modified silica column and isocratic as well as gradient elution using water / acetonitrile mixtures and varying detectors, can accomplish such demanding high resolution separations. Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s (PEtOx) with acetyl, hydroxyl, and phthalimide ω-end groups were investigated. Identification of side products was achieved through coupling with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. UV / Vis detection was applied to quantify chain transfer products in PEtOx comprising biphenyl moieties. In addition, gradient elution enabled the separation of PEtOx into macromolecules according to their specific degrees of polymerization in molar mass ranges around 2,000 g mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Brunzel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Dirauf
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Sahn
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Justyna A Czaplewska
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Nicole Fritz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Christine Weber
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ivo Nischang
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Ulrich S Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Humboldtstr. 10, 07743 Jena, Germany; Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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32
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Drain BA, Beyer VP, Cattoz B, Becer CR. Solvent Dependency in the Synthesis of Multiblock and Cyclic Poly(2-oxazoline)s. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B. A. Drain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - V. P. Beyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K
| | - B. Cattoz
- Infineum UK Ltd, Milton Hill, Didcot OX13 6BD, U.K
| | - C. R. Becer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, U.K
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33
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Ozkose UU, Gulyuz S, Parlak Khalily M, Ozcubukcu S, Bozkir A, Tasdelen MA, Alpturk O, Yilmaz O. The synthesis of peptide‐conjugated poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline)‐
b
‐poly(L‐lactide) (
PEtOx‐
b
‐PLA
) polymeric systems through the combination of controlled polymerization techniques and click reactions. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Umut Ugur Ozkose
- Materials Institute Marmara Research Center Kocaeli Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters Piri Reis University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sevgi Gulyuz
- Materials Institute Marmara Research Center Kocaeli Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Melek Parlak Khalily
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters Yozgat Bozok University Yozgat Turkey
| | - Salih Ozcubukcu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey
| | - Asuman Bozkir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy Ankara University Ankara Turkey
| | - Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Yalova University Yalova Turkey
| | - Onur Alpturk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ozgur Yilmaz
- Materials Institute Marmara Research Center Kocaeli Turkey
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34
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Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) bottlebrushes: How nanomaterial dimensions can influence biological interactions. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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35
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Kazemi M, Ashjari M, Nazarabi M. Multi-sensitive curcumin-loaded nanomicelle based on ABC-CBA block copolymer for sustained drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2021; 47:552-561. [PMID: 33629638 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2021.1890769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A type of multi-sensitive ABC-CBA block copolymer with thermal, glutathione and pH-responsive bonds was synthesized via ring opening polymerization along with cationic ring opening mechanisms. In continuum, the synthesized copolymer strands self-assembled into nanomicelles. The linear copolymer is comprised poly (methoxy ethylene glycol)-b-poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly (ε-caprolactone)-cystamine (i.e. [mPEG-b-PEtOz-PCL]2-Cys) and the curcumin was encapsulated inside the micelles mostly through hydrophobic interaction. The H-NMR, FTIR and GPC analysis were applied to identify the composition structure of the copolymer. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) value was achieved favorably 0.01 mg/mL for the synthesized copolymer. The morphology and particle size of solid nanocarrier were characterized by DLS, Zeta potential, AFM, TEM, and SEM micrographs. The drug loading content for the curcumin was attained 13.3% (w/w), and the entrapment efficacy of the drug in nanocarrier was obtained 79 percent. The in vitro release profile of the drug-loaded micelle was investigated by exposure to different pH, temperature and reduction circumstances, stimulated by tumor microenvironment conditions. The cell viability assay of the drug-loaded nanocarrier demonstrates high cytotoxicity toward HDF cells, while the drug-free nanocarrier has trifling toxicity and good biocompatibility. Therefore, according to the pleasant output of the research, this novel nanomicelle based on ABC-CBA block copolymer can be carried out effectively as an efficient nanocarrier in targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Kazemi
- Nanostructures and Biopolymer Research Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ashjari
- Nanostructures and Biopolymer Research Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Nazarabi
- Nanostructures and Biopolymer Research Lab, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
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36
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Lavikainen J, Dauletbekova M, Toleutay G, Kaliva M, Chatzinikolaidou M, Kudaibergenov SE, Tenkovtsev A, Khutoryanskiy VV, Vamvakaki M, Aseyev V. Poly(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) grafted gellan gum for potential application in transmucosal drug delivery. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Kaliva
- Department of Materials Science and Technology University of Crete Crete Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas Crete Greece
| | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology University of Crete Crete Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas Crete Greece
| | | | - Andrey Tenkovtsev
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Saint Petersburg Russian Federation
| | | | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Department of Materials Science and Technology University of Crete Crete Greece
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas Crete Greece
| | - Vladimir Aseyev
- Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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37
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Paulovičová E, Kroneková Z, Paulovičová L, Majerčíková M, Kronek J. Cell-Mediated Immunoreactivity of Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) as Promising Formulation for Immunomodulation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14061371. [PMID: 33809040 PMCID: PMC7999147 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline) (PIPOx) represents a functional polymer with high potential for drug delivery, tissue engineering, and immunomodulation. The immunomodulatory efficiency of the PIPOx formulation has been studied in vitro following splenic cells and RAW 264.7 macrophages exposition. The cell-specific immunomodulative effect on production of Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg signature cytokines has been demonstrated. The impact on the functionality of PIPOx-sensitized RAW 264.7 macrophages was assessed by cell phagocytosis. Time- and concentration-dependent cell internalization and intracellular organelles colocalization of fluorescently labeled PIPOx has been examined. The in vitro results demonstrated the PIPOx bioavailability and the capability of triggering immune cell responses resulting in the induced production of cell-specific signature interleukins, important prerequisite properties for future potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ema Paulovičová
- Immunol & Cell Culture Laboratories, Department Immunochemistry of Glycoconjugates, Center of Glycomics, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Zuzana Kroneková
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Lucia Paulovičová
- Immunol & Cell Culture Laboratories, Department Immunochemistry of Glycoconjugates, Center of Glycomics, Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia; (E.P.); (L.P.)
| | - Monika Majerčíková
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials Research, Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 41 Bratislava, Slovakia; (Z.K.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-3229-4366
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38
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Poly(2-oxazine)s: A comprehensive overview of the polymer structures, physical properties and applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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39
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Ghosh B, Biswas S. Polymeric micelles in cancer therapy: State of the art. J Control Release 2021; 332:127-147. [PMID: 33609621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, polymeric micelles have been extensively utilized in pre-clinical studies for delivering poorly soluble chemotherapeutic agents in cancer. Polymeric micelles are formed via self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers in facile manners. The wide availability of hydrophobic and, to some extent, hydrophilic polymeric blocks allow researchers to explore various polymeric combinations for optimum loading, stability, systemic circulation, and delivery to the target cancer tissues. Moreover, polymeric micelles could easily be tailor-made by increasing and decreasing the number of monomers in each polymeric chain. Some of the widely accepted hydrophobic polymers are poly(lactide) (PLA), poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), polyesters, poly(amino acids), lipids. The hydrophilic polymers used to wrap the hydrophobic core are poly(ethylene glycol), poly(oxazolines), chitosan, dextran, and hyaluronic acids. Drugs could be conjugated to polymers at the distal ends to prepare pharmacologically active polymeric systems that impart enhanced solubility and stability of the conjugates and provide an opportunity for combination drug delivery. Their nano-size enables them to accumulate to the tumor microenvironment via the Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect. Moreover, the stimuli-sensitive breakdown provides the micelles an effective means to deliver the therapeutic cargo effectively. The tumor micro-environmental stimuli are pH, hypoxia, and upregulated enzymes. Externally applied stimuli to destroy micellar disassembly to release the payload include light, ultrasound, and temperature. This article delineates the current trend in developing polymeric micelles combining various block polymeric scaffolds. The development of stimuli-sensitive micelles to achieve enhanced therapeutic activity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaram Ghosh
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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40
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You Y, Kobayashi K, Colak B, Luo P, Cozens E, Fields L, Suzuki K, Gautrot J. Engineered cell-degradable poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) hydrogel for epicardial placement of mesenchymal stem cells for myocardial repair. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120356. [PMID: 33189358 PMCID: PMC7884911 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Epicardial placement of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) is a promising strategy for cardiac repair post-myocardial infarction, but requires the design of biomaterials to maximise the retention of donor cells on the heart surface and control their phenotype. To this end, we propose the use of a poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) (POx) derivative, based on 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline and 2-butenyl-2-oxazoline. This POx polymer can be cured rapidly (less than 2 min) via photo-irradiation due to the use of di-cysteine cell degradable peptides. We report that the cell-degradable properties of the resulting POx hydrogels enables the regulation of cell protrusion in corresponding 3D matrices and that this, in turn, regulates the secretory phenotype of MSCs. In particular, the expression of pro-angiogenic genes was upregulated in partially cell-degradable POx hydrogels. Improved angiogenesis was confirmed in an in vitro microfluidic assay. Finally, we confirmed that, owing to the excellent tissue adhesive properties of thiol-ene crosslinked hydrogels, the epicardial placement of MSC-loaded POx hydrogels promoted the recovery of cardiac function and structure with reduced interstitial fibrosis and improved neovascular formation in a rat myocardial infarction model. This report demonstrates that engineered synthetic hydrogels displaying controlled mechanical, cell degradable and bioactive properties are particularly attractive candidates for the epicardial placement of stem cells to promote cardiac repair post myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi You
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Kazuya Kobayashi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Burcu Colak
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Piaopiao Luo
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Edward Cozens
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Laura Fields
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ken Suzuki
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Julien Gautrot
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK; School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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Gil Alvaradejo G, Glassner M, Kumar R, Trouillet V, Welle A, Wang Y, de la Rosa VR, Sekula-Neuner S, Hirtz M, Hoogenboom R, Delaittre G. Thioacetate-Based Initiators for the Synthesis of Thiol-End-Functionalized Poly(2-oxazoline)s. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 41:e2000320. [PMID: 33463837 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
New functional initiators for the cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-alkyl-2-oxazolines are described to introduce a thiol moiety at the α terminus. Both tosylate and nosylate initiators carrying a thioacetate group are obtained in multigram scale, from commercial reagents in two steps, including a phototriggered thiol-ene radical addition. The nosylate derivative gives access to a satisfying control over the cationic ring-opening polymerization of 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline, with dispersity values lower than 1.1 during the entire course of the polymerization, until full conversion. Cleavage of the thioacetate end group is rapidly achieved using triazabicyclodecene, thereby leading to a mercapto terminus. The latter gives access to a new subgeneration of α-functional poly(2-oxazoline)s (butyl ester, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl ester, furan) by Michael addition with commercial (meth)acrylates. The amenability of the mercapto-poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) for covalent surface patterning onto acrylated surfaces is demonstrated in a microchannel cantilever spotting (µCS) experiment, characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Gil Alvaradejo
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Mathias Glassner
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Vanessa Trouillet
- Institute for Applied Materials (IAM), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Alexander Welle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Functional Interfaces, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Yangxin Wang
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Victor R de la Rosa
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Sylwia Sekula-Neuner
- n.able GmbH, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Michael Hirtz
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Guillaume Delaittre
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany.,Organic Functional Molecules, Organic Chemistry, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstrasse 20, Wuppertal, 42119, Germany
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43
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Menezes RNLD, Felisberti MI. Combining CROP and ATRP to synthesize pH-responsive poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline- b-4-vinylpyridine) block copolymers. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00730k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the synthesis and characterization of block copolymers based on the biocompatible and stealth polymer poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) and the polydentate ligand and pH-responsive poly(4-vinylpyridine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Natal Lima de Menezes
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, PO Box 6154, 13.084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Felisberti
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, R. Josué de Castro, PO Box 6154, 13.084-971 Campinas, SP, Brazil
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44
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Elter JK, Eichhorn J, Ringleb M, Schacher FH. Amine-containing diblock terpolymers via AROP: a versatile method for the generation of multifunctional micelles. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00666e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the synthesis and block copolymerization via AROP of three glycidyl amine species (PiGA; OPGA, and MPGA) with different hydrophobicity. Micelles formed from these block copolymers respond to changes in pH and H2O2 concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna K. Elter
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Jonas Eichhorn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
| | - Michael Ringleb
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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45
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Soleimani K, Arkan E, Derakhshankhah H, Haghshenas B, Jahanban-Esfahlan R, Jaymand M. A novel bioreducible and pH-responsive magnetic nanohydrogel based on β-cyclodextrin for chemo/hyperthermia therapy of cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 252:117229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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46
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Xu X, Huang X, Chang Y, Yu Y, Zhao J, Isahak N, Teng J, Qiao R, Peng H, Zhao CX, Davis TP, Fu C, Whittaker AK. Antifouling Surfaces Enabled by Surface Grafting of Highly Hydrophilic Sulfoxide Polymer Brushes. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:330-339. [PMID: 33305948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antifouling surfaces are important in a broad range of applications. An effective approach to antifouling surfaces is to covalently attach antifouling polymer brushes. This work reports the synthesis of a new class of antifouling polymer brushes based on highly hydrophilic sulfoxide polymers by surface-initiated photoinduced electron/energy transfer-reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. The sulfoxide polymer brushes are able to effectively reduce nonspecific adsorption of proteins and cells, demonstrating remarkable antifouling properties. Given the outstanding antifouling behavior of the sulfoxide polymers and versatility of surface-initiated PET-RAFT technology, this work presents a useful and general approach to engineering various material surfaces with antifouling properties, for potential biomedical applications in areas such as tissue engineering, medical implants, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Xumin Huang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yixin Chang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ye Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jiacheng Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Naatasha Isahak
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jisi Teng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ruirui Qiao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Hui Peng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Thomas P Davis
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Changkui Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew K Whittaker
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Hong JH, Totani M, Kawaguchi D, Masunaga H, Yamada NL, Matsuno H, Tanaka K. Design of a Bioinert Interface Using an Amphiphilic Block Copolymer Containing a Bottlebrush Unit of Oligo(oxazoline). ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7363-7368. [PMID: 35019478 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We designed an amphiphilic block copolymer, poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-poly[oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) methacrylate] (PMMA-b-P[O(Ox)MA]), suitable for bioinert coating. Angular-dependent X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and neutron reflectivity measurements revealed that the outermost surface of a dried film of PMMA-b-P[O(Ox)MA] was covered with the PMMA block-rich layer. Once the film came into contact with water, the P[O(Ox)MA] bottlebrush block was segregated toward the water interface. This structural rearrangement in the outermost region of the film resulted in the formation of the swollen oligo(oxazoline) layer with excellent bioinertness in terms of the suppression of serum protein adsorption and NIH3T3 fibroblast adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hyeok Hong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masayasu Totani
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kawaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Centre for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Norifumi L Yamada
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
| | - Hisao Matsuno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Centre for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Keiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,Centre for Polymer Interface and Molecular Adhesion Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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48
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Haladjova E, Rangelov S, Tsvetanov C. Thermoresponsive Polyoxazolines as Vectors for Transfection of Nucleic Acids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112609. [PMID: 33171983 PMCID: PMC7694630 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) are an attractive platform for the development of non-viral gene delivery systems. The combination of POx moieties, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, with DNA-binding polyethyleneimine (PEI) moieties into a single copolymer chain is a promising approach to balance toxicity and transfection efficiency. The versatility of POx in terms of type of substituent, copolymer composition, degree of polymerization, degree of hydrolysis, and chain architecture, as well as the introduction of stimuli-responsive properties, provides opportunities to finely tune the copolymer characteristics and physicochemical properties of the polyplexes to increase the biological performance. An overview of the current state of research in the POx-PEI-based gene delivery systems focusing particularly on thermosensitive POx is presented in this paper.
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49
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Pearce AK, Anane‐Adjei AB, Cavanagh RJ, Monteiro PF, Bennett TM, Taresco V, Clarke PA, Ritchie AA, Alexander MR, Grabowska AM, Alexander C. Effects of Polymer 3D Architecture, Size, and Chemistry on Biological Transport and Drug Delivery In Vitro and in Orthotopic Triple Negative Breast Cancer Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000892. [PMID: 33073536 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The size, shape, and underlying chemistries of drug delivery particles are key parameters which govern their ultimate performance in vivo. Responsive particles are desirable for triggered drug delivery, achievable through architecture change and biodegradation to control in vivo fate. Here, polymeric materials are synthesized with linear, hyperbranched, star, and micellar-like architectures based on 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide (HPMA), and the effects of 3D architecture and redox-responsive biodegradation on biological transport are investigated. Variations in "stealth" behavior between the materials are quantified in vitro and in vivo, whereby reduction-responsive hyperbranched polymers most successfully avoid accumulation within the liver, and none of the materials target the spleen or lungs. Functionalization of selected architectures with doxorubicin (DOX) demonstrates enhanced efficacy over the free drug in 2D and 3D in vitro models, and enhanced efficacy in vivo in a highly aggressive orthotopic breast cancer model when dosed over schedules accounting for the biodistribution of the carriers. These data show it is possible to direct materials of the same chemistries into different cellular and physiological regions via modulation of their 3D architectures, and thus the work overall provides valuable new insight into how nanoparticle architecture and programmed degradation can be tailored to elicit specific biological responses for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K. Pearce
- School of Chemistry University of Birmingham Edgbaston B15 2TT UK
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG72RD UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham NG72RD UK
| | - Phil A. Clarke
- School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham NG72RD UK
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50
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Chountoulesi M, Perinelli DR, Forys A, Bonacucina G, Trzebicka B, Pispas S, Demetzos C. Liquid crystalline nanoparticles for drug delivery: The role of gradient and block copolymers on the morphology, internal organisation and release profile. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 158:21-34. [PMID: 33098976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymers represent one of the main class of stabilizers for non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles, being essential for their formation and stability. In the present study, poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) block copolymers and poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)-grad-poly(2-phenyl-2-oxazoline) (MPOx) gradient copolymers were incorporated as stabilizers in liquid crystalline nanoparticles prepared from glyceryl monooleate. The polymers were chosen according to their high biocompatibility and promising stealth properties, in order to develop safe and efficient drug delivery nanosystems. The physicochemical characteristics and fractal dimension of the resultant nanosystems were obtained from light scattering techniques, while their micropolarity and microfluidity from fluorescence spectroscopy. The effect of temperature, serum proteins and ionic strength on the physicochemical behavior was monitored. Their morphology was assessed by cryo-TEM, while their thermal behavior by microcalorimetry and high-resolution ultrasound spectroscopy. Their properties were dependent on the stabilizer chemistry and topology (block/gradient copolymer) and its concentration. Subsequently, resveratrol, as model hydrophobic drug, was loaded into the nanosystems, the entrapment efficiency was calculated and in vitro release studies were carried out, highlighting how the different stabilizer can differentiate the drug release profile. In conclusion, the proposed copolymers broaden the toolbox of polymeric stabilizers for the development of liquid crystalline nanoparticles intended for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chountoulesi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Diego Romano Perinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School of Pharmacy, Via Gentile III da Varano, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 ul. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
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