1
|
Sather RN, Brown C, Montezuma SR. Case report on a de novo variant in the X-linked PRPS1 gene presenting with retinal dystrophy, severe tremors, and ataxia in a female patient. Ophthalmic Genet 2024:1-6. [PMID: 39148443 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2024.2388598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
CASE SUMMARY The patient is a 42-year-old female who presented with a de novo missense variant in the PRPS1 gene. Her phenotype includes asymmetric retinal dystrophy with sensory esotropia, congenital sensorineural hearing loss, neuropathy, and severe tremors with recent-onset ataxia. This contributes a new presentation of ophthalmic and neurological findings to the literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard N Sather
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Caroline Brown
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sandra R Montezuma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Murdoch E, Schweizer LM, Schweizer M. Hypothesis: evidence that the PRS gene products of Saccharomyces cerevisiae support both PRPP synthesis and maintenance of cell wall integrity. Curr Genet 2024; 70:6. [PMID: 38733432 PMCID: PMC11088543 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-024-01290-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The gene products of PRS1-PRS5 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are responsible for the production of PRPP (5-phospho-D-ribosyl-α-1-pyrophosphate). However, it has been demonstrated that they are also involved in the cell wall integrity (CWI) signalling pathway as shown by protein-protein interactions (PPIs) with, for example Slt2, the MAP kinase of the CWI pathway. The following databases: SGD, BioGRID and Hit Predict, which collate PPIs from various research papers, have been scrutinized for evidence of PPIs between Prs1-Prs5 and components of the CWI pathway. The level of certainty in PPIs was verified by interaction scores available in the Hit Predict database revealing that well-documented interactions correspond with higher interaction scores and can be graded as high confidence interactions based on a score > 0.28, an annotation score ≥ 0.5 and a method-based high confidence score level of ≥ 0.485. Each of the Prs1-Prs5 polypeptides shows some degree of interaction with the CWI pathway. However, Prs5 has a vital role in the expression of FKS2 and Rlm1, previously only documented by reporter assay studies. This report emphasizes the importance of investigating interactions using more than one approach since every method has its limitations and the use of different methods, as described herein, provides complementary experimental and statistical data, thereby corroborating PPIs. Since the experimental data described so far are consistent with a link between PRPP synthetase and the CWI pathway, our aim was to demonstrate that these data are also supported by high-throughput bioinformatic analyses promoting our hypothesis that two of the five PRS-encoding genes contain information required for the maintenance of CWI by combining data from our targeted approach with relevant, unbiased data from high-throughput analyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Murdoch
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society, Riccarton Campus, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | | | - Michael Schweizer
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot Watt University, Riccarton Campus, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen L, Zhou Q, Zhang P, Tan W, Li Y, Xu Z, Ma J, Kupfer GM, Pei Y, Song Q, Pei H. Direct stimulation of de novo nucleotide synthesis by O-GlcNAcylation. Nat Chem Biol 2024; 20:19-29. [PMID: 37308732 PMCID: PMC10746546 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01354-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is at the crossroads of cellular metabolism, including glucose and glutamine; its dysregulation leads to molecular and pathological alterations that cause diseases. Here we report that O-GlcNAc directly regulates de novo nucleotide synthesis and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) production upon abnormal metabolic states. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1), the key enzyme of the de novo nucleotide synthesis pathway, is O-GlcNAcylated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which triggers PRPS1 hexamer formation and relieves nucleotide product-mediated feedback inhibition, thereby boosting PRPS1 activity. PRPS1 O-GlcNAcylation blocked AMPK binding and inhibited AMPK-mediated PRPS1 phosphorylation. OGT still regulates PRPS1 activity in AMPK-deficient cells. Elevated PRPS1 O-GlcNAcylation promotes tumorigenesis and confers resistance to chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer. Furthermore, Arts-syndrome-associated PRPS1 R196W mutant exhibits decreased PRPS1 O-GlcNAcylation and activity. Together, our findings establish a direct connection among O-GlcNAc signals, de novo nucleotide synthesis and human diseases, including cancer and Arts syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Qi Zhou
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pingfeng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yingge Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ziwen Xu
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Junfeng Ma
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gary M Kupfer
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yanxin Pei
- Center for Cancer and Immunology, Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Huadong Pei
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nassogne MC, Marie S, Dewulf JP. Neurological presentations of inborn errors of purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2024; 48:69-77. [PMID: 38056117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Purines and pyrimidines are essential components as they are the building blocks of vital molecules, such as nucleic acids, coenzymes, signalling molecules, as well as energy transfer molecules. Purine and pyrimidine metabolism defects are characterised by abnormal concentrations of purines, pyrimidines and/or their metabolites in cells or body fluids. This phenomenon is due to a decreased or an increased activity of enzymes involved in this metabolism and has been reported in humans for over 60 years. This review provides an overview of neurological presentations of inborn errors of purine and pyrimidine metabolism. These conditions can lead to psychomotor retardation, epilepsy, hypotonia, or microcephaly; sensory involvement, such as deafness and visual disturbances; multiple malformations, as well as muscular symptoms. Clinical signs are often nonspecific and thus overlooked, but some diseases are treatable and early diagnosis may improve the child's future. Although these metabolic hereditary diseases are rare, they are most probably under-diagnosed. When confronted with suggestive clinical or laboratory signs, clinicians should prescribe genetic testing in association with a biochemical screening including thorough purine and pyrimidine metabolites analysis and/or specific enzyme evaluation. This is most likely going to increase the number of confirmed patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Cécile Nassogne
- Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium; Institut des Maladies Rares, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sandrine Marie
- Laboratoire des Maladies Métaboliques Héréditaires/Biochimie Génétique et Centre de Dépistage Néonatal, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Joseph P Dewulf
- Institut des Maladies Rares, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium; Laboratoire des Maladies Métaboliques Héréditaires/Biochimie Génétique et Centre de Dépistage Néonatal, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee A, Knox R, Reynolds M, McRoy E, Nguyen H. S-adenosylmethionine and nicotinamide riboside therapy in Arts syndrome: A case report and literature review. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:417-423. [PMID: 37927483 PMCID: PMC10623096 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospho-ribosyl-pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) deficiency is secondary to loss of function variants in PRPS1. This enzyme generates phospho-ribosyl-pyrophosphate (PRPP), which is utilized in the synthesis of purines, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and NAD phosphate (NADP), among other metabolic pathways. Arts syndrome, or severe PRPS1 deficiency, is an X-linked condition characterized by congenital sensorineural hearing loss, optic atrophy, developmental delays, ataxia, hypotonia, and recurrent infections that can cause progressive clinical decline, often resulting in death before 5 years of age. Supplementation of the purine and NAD pathways outside of PRPP-dependent reactions is a logical approach and has been reported in a handful of patients, two with S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) and one with SAMe and nicotinamide riboside (NR). We present the clinical course of a fourth Arts syndrome patient who was started on therapy and review previously reported patients. All patients had stability or improvement of symptoms, suggesting that SAMe and NR can be a treatment option in Arts syndrome, though further studies are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic MedicineWashington UniversitySaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Renatta Knox
- Department of Pediatrics and NeurologyWashington UniversitySaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Margaret Reynolds
- Departments of Pediatrics, Division of OphthalmologyWashington UniversitySaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Erin McRoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic MedicineWashington UniversitySaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Hoanh Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Genomic MedicineWashington UniversitySaint LouisMissouriUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Štajer K, Kovač N, Šikonja J, Mlinarič M, Bertok S, Brecelj J, Debeljak M, Kovač J, Markelj G, Neubauer D, Rus R, Žerjav Tanšek M, Drole Torkar A, Zver A, Battelino T, Jiménez Torres R, Grošelj U. Clinical and genetic characteristics of a patient with phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 deficiency and a systematic literature review. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2023; 36:100986. [PMID: 37670898 PMCID: PMC10475845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2023.100986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRS-I) is an enzyme involved in nucleotide metabolism. Pathogenic variants in the PRPS1 are rare and PRS-I deficiency can manifest as three clinical syndromes: X-linked non-syndromic sensorineural deafness (DFN2), X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy type 5 (CMTX5) and Arts syndrome. We present a Slovenian patient with PRS-I enzyme deficiency due to a novel pathogenic variant - c.424G > A (p.Val142Ile) in the PRPS1 gene, who presented with gross motor impairment, severe sensorineural deafness, balance issues, ataxia, and frequent respiratory infections. In addition, we report the findings of a systemic literature review of all described male cases of Arts syndrome and CMTX5 as well as intermediate phenotypes. As already proposed by other authors, our results confirm PRS-I deficiency should be viewed as a phenotypic continuum rather than three separate syndromes because there are multiple reports of patients with an intermediary clinical presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Štajer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neja Kovač
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Šikonja
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Mlinarič
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sara Bertok
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Brecelj
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maruša Debeljak
- Laboratory of Genetics, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jernej Kovač
- Laboratory of Genetics, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gašper Markelj
- Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - David Neubauer
- Department of Child, Adolescent and Developmental Neurologyx, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rina Rus
- Department of Nephrology, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Žerjav Tanšek
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ana Drole Torkar
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleksandra Zver
- Unit for Pulmonary Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadej Battelino
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rosa Jiménez Torres
- La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (FIBHULP), IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Urh Grošelj
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pinson B, Moenner M, Saint-Marc C, Granger-Farbos A, Daignan-Fornier B. On-demand utilization of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate by downstream anabolic pathways. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105011. [PMID: 37414150 PMCID: PMC10413152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is critical for anabolism and biomass production. Here we show that the essential function of PPP in yeast is the synthesis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) catalyzed by PRPP-synthetase. Using combinations of yeast mutants, we found that a mildly decreased synthesis of PRPP affects biomass production, resulting in reduced cell size, while a more severe decrease ends up affecting yeast doubling time. We establish that it is PRPP itself that is limiting in invalid PRPP-synthetase mutants and that the resulting metabolic and growth defect can be bypassed by proper supplementation of the medium with ribose-containing precursors or by the expression of bacterial or human PRPP-synthetase. In addition, using documented pathologic human hyperactive forms of PRPP-synthetase, we show that intracellular PRPP as well as its derived products can be increased in both human and yeast cells, and we describe the ensuing metabolic and physiological consequences. Finally, we found that PRPP consumption appears to take place "on demand" by the various PRPP-utilizing pathways, as shown by blocking or increasing the flux in specific PRPP-consuming metabolic routes. Overall, our work reveals important similarities between human and yeast for both synthesis and consumption of PRPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Pinson
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, CNRS - Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Metabolic Analyse Service, TBMCore - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS UAR 3427 - INSERM US005, Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Moenner
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, CNRS - Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Christelle Saint-Marc
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, CNRS - Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexandra Granger-Farbos
- Metabolic Analyse Service, TBMCore - Université de Bordeaux - CNRS UAR 3427 - INSERM US005, Bordeaux, France
| | - Bertrand Daignan-Fornier
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, UMR 5095, CNRS - Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Camici M, Garcia-Gil M, Allegrini S, Pesi R, Bernardini G, Micheli V, Tozzi MG. Inborn Errors of Purine Salvage and Catabolism. Metabolites 2023; 13:787. [PMID: 37512494 PMCID: PMC10383617 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular purine nucleotides derive mainly from de novo synthesis or nucleic acid turnover and, only marginally, from dietary intake. They are subjected to catabolism, eventually forming uric acid in humans, while bases and nucleosides may be converted back to nucleotides through the salvage pathways. Inborn errors of the purine salvage pathway and catabolism have been described by several researchers and are usually referred to as rare diseases. Since purine compounds play a fundamental role, it is not surprising that their dysmetabolism is accompanied by devastating symptoms. Nevertheless, some of these manifestations are unexpected and, so far, have no explanation or therapy. Herein, we describe several known inborn errors of purine metabolism, highlighting their unexplained pathological aspects. Our intent is to offer new points of view on this topic and suggest diagnostic tools that may possibly indicate to clinicians that the inborn errors of purine metabolism may not be very rare diseases after all.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Camici
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mercedes Garcia-Gil
- Unità di Fisiologia Generale, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 31, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione Della Strumentazione Dell'Università di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Allegrini
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- CISUP, Centro per l'Integrazione Della Strumentazione Dell'Università di Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Interdipartimentale Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rossana Pesi
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Vanna Micheli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
- LND Famiglie Italiane ODV-Via Giovanetti 15-20, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tozzi
- Unità di Biochimica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Via San Zeno 51, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lu GM, Hu HH, Chang CC, Zhong J, Zhou X, Guo CJ, Zhang T, Li YL, Yin B, Liu JL. Structural basis of human PRPS2 filaments. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:100. [PMID: 37248548 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND PRPP synthase (PRPS) transfers the pyrophosphate groups from ATP to ribose-5-phosphate to produce 5-phosphate ribose-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP), a key intermediate in the biosynthesis of several metabolites including nucleotides, dinucleotides and some amino acids. There are three PRPS isoforms encoded in human genome. While human PRPS1 (hPRPS1) and human PRPS2 (hPRPS2) are expressed in most tissues, human PRPS3 (hPRPS3) is exclusively expressed in testis. Although hPRPS1 and hPRPS2 share 95% sequence identity, hPRPS2 has been shown to be less sensitive to allosteric inhibition and specifically upregulated in certain cancers in the translational level. Recent studies demonstrate that PRPS can form a subcellular compartment termed the cytoophidium in multiple organisms across prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Forming filaments and cytoophidia is considered as a distinctive mechanism involving the polymerization of the protein. Previously we solved the filament structures of Escherichia coli PRPS (ecPRPS) using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) 1. RESULTS Order to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of hPRPS2 polymerization, here we solve the polymer structure of hPRPS2 at 3.08 Å resolution. hPRPS2 hexamers stack into polymers in the conditions with the allosteric/competitive inhibitor ADP. The binding modes of ADP at the canonical allosteric site and at the catalytic active site are clearly determined. A point mutation disrupting the inter-hexamer interaction prevents hPRPS2 polymerization and results in significantly reduced catalytic activity. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that the regulation of hPRPS2 polymer is distinct from ecPRPS polymer and provide new insights to the regulation of hPRPS2 with structural basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ming Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Huan-Huan Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chia-Chun Chang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jiale Zhong
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xian Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chen-Jun Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yi-Lan Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Boqi Yin
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Ji-Long Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hvorecny KL, Hargett K, Quispe JD, Kollman JM. Human PRPS1 filaments stabilize allosteric sites to regulate activity. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2023; 30:391-402. [PMID: 36747094 PMCID: PMC10033377 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-023-00921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The universally conserved enzyme phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) assembles filaments in evolutionarily diverse organisms. PRPS is a key regulator of nucleotide metabolism, and mutations in the human enzyme PRPS1 lead to a spectrum of diseases. Here we determine structures of human PRPS1 filaments in active and inhibited states, with fixed assembly contacts accommodating both conformations. The conserved assembly interface stabilizes the binding site for the essential activator phosphate, increasing activity in the filament. Some disease mutations alter assembly, supporting the link between filament stability and activity. Structures of active PRPS1 filaments turning over substrate also reveal coupling of catalysis in one active site with product release in an adjacent site. PRPS1 filaments therefore provide an additional layer of allosteric control, conserved throughout evolution, with likely impact on metabolic homeostasis. Stabilization of allosteric binding sites by polymerization adds to the growing diversity of assembly-based enzyme regulatory mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelli L Hvorecny
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kenzee Hargett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel D Quispe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Justin M Kollman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zaqout S, Mannaa A, Klein O, Krajewski A, Klose J, Luise-Becker L, Elsabagh A, Ferih K, Kraemer N, Ravindran E, Makridis K, Kaindl AM. Proteome changes in autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. Ann Hum Genet 2023; 87:50-62. [PMID: 36448252 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) is a rare and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by intellectual disability and microcephaly at birth, classically without further organ involvement. MCPH3 is caused by biallelic variants in the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 2 gene CDK5RAP2. In the corresponding Cdk5rap2 mutant or Hertwig's anemia mouse model, congenital microcephaly as well as defects in the hematopoietic system, germ cells and eyes have been reported. The reduction in brain volume, particularly affecting gray matter, has been attributed mainly to disturbances in the proliferation and survival of early neuronal progenitors. In addition, defects in dendritic development and synaptogenesis exist that affect the excitation-inhibition balance. Here, we studied proteomic changes in cerebral cortices of Cdk5rap2 mutant mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used large-gel two-dimensional gel (2-DE) electrophoresis to separate cortical proteins. 2-DE gels were visualized by a trained observer on a light box. Spot changes were considered with respect to presence/absence, quantitative variation and altered mobility. RESULT We identified a reduction in more than 30 proteins that play a role in processes such as cell cytoskeleton dynamics, cell cycle progression, ciliary functions and apoptosis. These proteome changes in the MCPH3 model can be associated with various functional and morphological alterations of the developing brain. CONCLUSION Our results shed light on potential protein candidates for the disease-associated phenotype reported in MCPH3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Zaqout
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Atef Mannaa
- Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, New Borg AlArab City, Alexandria, Egypt.,Inserm U1192, Laboratoire Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire & Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM), Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Oliver Klein
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies BCRT, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelika Krajewski
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies BCRT, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Klose
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Institute of Human Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Luise-Becker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ahmed Elsabagh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaled Ferih
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nadine Kraemer
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ethiraj Ravindran
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Konstantin Makridis
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Angela M Kaindl
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Berlin, Germany.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Chronically Sick Children (Sozialpädiatrisches Zentrum, SPZ), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu X, Yang H, Lin H, Suo A, Wu S, Xie W, Zhou N, Guo S, Ding H, Zhou G, Qiu Z, Shi H, Yang J, Zheng Y. Characterizing microRNA editing and mutation sites in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1105278. [PMID: 36743290 PMCID: PMC9895120 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1105278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose pathogenesis is still unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of endogenous small non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes. Recent researches show that miRNAs are edited in multiple ways especially in central nervous systems. A-to-I editing of RNA catalyzed by Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs) happens intensively in brain and is also noticed in other organs and tissues. Although miRNAs are widely edited in human brain, miRNA editing in ASD is still largely unexplored. In order to reveal the editing events of miRNAs in ASD, we analyzed 131 miRNA-seq samples from 8 different brain regions of ASD patients and normal controls. We identified 834 editing sites with significant editing levels, of which 70 sites showed significantly different editing levels in the superior frontal gyrus samples of ASD patients (ASD-SFG) when compared with those of control samples. The editing level of an A-to-I editing site in hsa-mir-376a-1 (hsa-mir-376a-1_9_A_g) in ASD-SFG is higher than that of normal controls, and the difference is exaggerated in individuals under 10 years. The increased expression of ADAR1 is consistent with the increased editing level of hsa-mir-376a-1_9_A_g in ASD-SFG samples compared to normal SFG samples. Furthermore, we verify that A-to-I edited hsa-mir-376a-5p directly represses GPR85 and NAPB, which may contribute to the abnormal neuronal development of ASD patients. These results provide new insights into the mechanism of ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingwang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huaide Yang
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Han Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Angbaji Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Nan Zhou
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shiyong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guangchen Zhou
- Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhichao Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Criminal Investigation, Yunnan Police College, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China,College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China,*Correspondence: Yun Zheng ✉
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ohmachi Y, Urai S, Bando H, Yokoi J, Yamamoto M, Kanie K, Motomura Y, Tsujimoto Y, Sasaki Y, Oi Y, Yamamoto N, Suzuki M, Shichi H, Iguchi G, Uehara N, Fukuoka H, Ogawa W. Case report: Late middle-aged features of FAM111A variant, Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 2-suggestive symptoms during a long follow-up. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 13:1073173. [PMID: 36686468 PMCID: PMC9846794 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1073173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kenny-Caffey syndrome type 2 (KCS2) is an extremely rare skeletal disorder involving hypoparathyroidism and short stature. It has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance and is caused by variants in the FAM111 trypsin-like peptidase A (FAM111A) gene. This disease is often difficult to diagnose due to a wide range of more common diseases manifesting hypoparathyroidism and short stature. Herein, we present the case of a 56-year-old female patient with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism and a short stature. The patient was treated for these conditions during childhood. Upon re-evaluating the etiology of KCS2, we suspected that the patient had the disorder because of clinical manifestations, such as cortical thickening and medullary stenosis of the bones, and lack of intellectual abnormalities. Genetic testing identified a heterozygous missense variant in the FAM111A gene (p.R569H). Interestingly, the patient also had bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular dysfunction, which have been rarely described in previous reports of pediatric cases. In KCS2, inner ear dysfunction due to Eustachian tube dysfunction may progress in middle age or later. However, this disease is now being reported in younger patients. Nevertheless, our case may be instructive of how such cases emerge chronically after middle age. Herein, we also provide a literature review of KCS2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Ohmachi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Shin Urai
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hironori Bando
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Medical Informatics and Bioinformatics, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun Yokoi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Keitaro Kanie
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuma Motomura
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Tsujimoto
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sasaki
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yuka Oi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoki Yamamoto
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Suzuki
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shichi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Genzo Iguchi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
- Medical Center for Student Health, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Biosignal Pathophysiology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Natsumi Uehara
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hidenori Fukuoka
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Wataru Ogawa
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
PRPS2 mutations drive acute lymphoblastic leukemia relapse through influencing PRPS1/2 hexamer stability. BLOOD SCIENCE 2022; 5:39-50. [PMID: 36742181 PMCID: PMC9891442 DOI: 10.1097/bs9.0000000000000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor relapse is the major cause of treatment failure in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), yet the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we demonstrate that phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 2 (PRPS2) mutations drive ALL relapse through influencing PRPS1/2 hexamer stability. Ultra-deep sequencing was performed to identify PRPS2 mutations in ALL samples. The effects of PRPS2 mutations on cell survival, cell apoptosis, and drug resistance were evaluated. In vitro PRPS2 enzyme activity and ADP/GDP feedback inhibition of PRPS enzyme activity were assessed. Purine metabolites were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Integrating sequencing data with clinical information, we identified PRPS2 mutations only in relapsed childhood ALL with thiopurine therapy. Functional PRPS2 mutations mediated purine metabolism specifically on thiopurine treatment by influencing PRPS1/2 hexamer stability, leading to reduced nucleotide feedback inhibition of PRPS activity and enhanced thiopurine resistance. The 3-amino acid V103-G104-E105, the key difference between PRPS1 and PRPS2, insertion in PRPS2 caused severe steric clash to the interface of PRPS hexamer, leading to its low enzyme activity. In addition, we demonstrated that PRPS2 P173R increased thiopurine resistance in xenograft models. Our work describes a novel mechanism by which PRPS2 mutants drive childhood ALL relapse and highlights PRPS2 mutations as biomarkers for relapsed childhood ALL.
Collapse
|
15
|
Dewulf JP, Marie S, Nassogne MC. Disorders of purine biosynthesis metabolism. Mol Genet Metab 2022; 136:190-198. [PMID: 34998670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purines are essential molecules that are components of vital biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, coenzymes, signaling molecules, as well as energy transfer molecules. The de novo biosynthesis pathway starts from phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) and eventually leads to the synthesis of inosine monophosphate (IMP) by means of 10 sequential steps catalyzed by six different enzymes, three of which are bi-or tri-functional in nature. IMP is then converted into guanosine monophosphate (GMP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP), which are further phosphorylated into nucleoside di- or tri-phosphates, such as GDP, GTP, ADP and ATP. This review provides an overview of inborn errors of metabolism pertaining to purine synthesis in humans, including either phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase (PRS) overactivity or deficiency, as well as adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL), 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase/IMP cyclohydrolase (ATIC), phosphoribosylaminoimidazole succinocarboxamide synthetase (PAICS), and adenylosuccinate synthetase (ADSS) deficiencies. ITPase deficiency is being described as well. The clinical spectrum of these disorders is broad, including neurological impairment, such as psychomotor retardation, epilepsy, hypotonia, or microcephaly; sensory involvement, such as deafness and visual disturbances; multiple malformations, as well as muscle presentations or consequences of hyperuricemia, such as gouty arthritis or kidney stones. Clinical signs are often nonspecific and, thus, overlooked. It is to be hoped that this is likely to be gradually overcome by using sensitive biochemical investigations and next-generation sequencing technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Dewulf
- Laboratoire des Maladies Métaboliques Héréditaires/Biochimie Génétique et Centre de Dépistage Néonatal, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Institut des Maladies Rares, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Department of Biochemistry, de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Sandrine Marie
- Laboratoire des Maladies Métaboliques Héréditaires/Biochimie Génétique et Centre de Dépistage Néonatal, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Institut des Maladies Rares, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Cécile Nassogne
- Institut des Maladies Rares, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ugbogu EA, Schweizer LM, Schweizer M. Contribution of Model Organisms to Investigating the Far-Reaching Consequences of PRPP Metabolism on Human Health and Well-Being. Cells 2022; 11:1909. [PMID: 35741038 PMCID: PMC9221600 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRS EC 2.7.6.1) is a rate-limiting enzyme that irreversibly catalyzes the formation of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) from ribose-5-phosphate and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This key metabolite is required for the synthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, the two aromatic amino acids histidine and tryptophan, the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+), all of which are essential for various life processes. Despite its ubiquity and essential nature across the plant and animal kingdoms, PRPP synthetase displays species-specific characteristics regarding the number of gene copies and architecture permitting interaction with other areas of cellular metabolism. The impact of mutated PRS genes in the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae on cell signalling and metabolism may be relevant to the human neuropathies associated with PRPS mutations. Human PRPS1 and PRPS2 gene products are implicated in drug resistance associated with recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and progression of colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. The investigation of PRPP metabolism in accepted model organisms, e.g., yeast and zebrafish, has the potential to reveal novel drug targets for treating at least some of the diseases, often characterized by overlapping symptoms, such as Arts syndrome and respiratory infections, and uncover the significance and relevance of human PRPS in disease diagnosis, management, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eziuche A. Ugbogu
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (E.A.U.); (L.M.S.)
| | - Lilian M. Schweizer
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK; (E.A.U.); (L.M.S.)
| | - Michael Schweizer
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics & Engineering (IB3), School of Engineering &Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tian Q, Li W, Li J, Xiao Y, Wu B, Wang Z, Han F. Towards Understanding PRPS1 as a Molecular Player in Immune Response in Yellow Drum ( Nibea albiflora). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126475. [PMID: 35742917 PMCID: PMC9223425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetases (EC 2.7.6.1) are key enzymes in the biological synthesis of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate and are involved in diverse developmental processes. In our previous study, the PRPS1 gene was discovered as a key disease-resistance candidate gene in yellow drum, Nibea albiflora, in response to the infection of Vibrio harveyi, through genome-wide association analysis. This study mainly focused on the characteristics and its roles in immune responses of the PRPS1 gene in yellow drum. In the present study, the NaPRPS1 gene was cloned from yellow drum, encoding a protein of 320 amino acids. Bioinformatic analysis showed that NaPRPS1 was highly conserved during evolution. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that NaPRPS1 was highly expressed in the head-kidney and brain, and its transcription and translation were significantly activated by V. harveyi infection examined by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry analysis, respectively. Subcellular localization revealed that NaPRPS1 was localized in cytoplasm. In addition, semi-in vivo pull-down assay coupled with mass spectrometry identified myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) as an NaPRPS1-interacting patterner, and their interaction was further supported by reciprocal pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipitation. The inducible expression of MyD88 by V. harveyi suggested that the linker molecule MyD88 in innate immune response may play together with NaPRPS1 to coordinate the immune signaling in yellow drum in response to the pathogenic infection. We provide new insights into important functions of PRPS1, especially PRPS1 in the innate immunity of teleost fishes, which will benefit the development of marine fish aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Wanbo Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Yao Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Baolan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fang Han
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Q.T.); (W.L.); (J.L.); (Y.X.); (B.W.); (Z.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-592-618-3816
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Smith RJH. The hearing-impaired patient: what the future holds. Hum Genet 2022; 141:307-310. [PMID: 35290517 PMCID: PMC9093598 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-022-02447-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J H Smith
- Molecular Otolaryngology and Renal Research Laboratories, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Iowa Graduate College, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Maharjan A, Singhvi M, Kim BS. Biosynthesis of a Therapeutically Important Nicotinamide Mononucleotide through a Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Synthetase 1 and 2 Engineered Strain of Escherichia coli. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:3055-3065. [PMID: 34747173 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor of NAD+, can be synthesized by the conversion of nicotinamide with the help of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) via the salvage pathway. NMN has recently gained great attention as an excellent therapeutic option due to its long-term effective pharmacological activities. In this study, we constructed a recombinant strain of Escherichia coli by inserting NAMPT and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) and PRPS2 (from Homo sapiens) genes to investigate the effect of PRPS1 and PRPS2 on NMN synthesis. The metabolically engineered strain of E. coli BL21 (DE3) exhibited 1.57 mM NMN production in the presence of Mg2+ and phosphates in batch fermentation studies. For further improvement in NMN production levels, effects of different variables were studied using a response surface methodology approach. A significant increment was achieved with a maximum of 2.31 mM NMN production when supplemented with 1% ribose, 1 mM Mg2+ and phosphate, and 0.5% nicotinamide in the presence of a lactose (1%) inducer. Additionally, insertion of the PRPS1 and PRPS2 genes in the phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthesis pathway and individual gene expression studies facilitated a higher NMN production at the intracellular level than the reported studies. The strain exhibited intracellular production of NMN from cheap substrates such as glucose, lactose, and nicotinamide. Hence, the overall optimized process can be further scaled up for the economical production of NMN using a recombinant strain of E. coli BL21 (DE3), which is the future perspective of the current study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anoth Maharjan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Mamata Singhvi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pisciotta C, Saveri P, Pareyson D. Challenges in Treating Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease and Related Neuropathies: Current Management and Future Perspectives. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1447. [PMID: 34827446 PMCID: PMC8615778 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is still no effective drug treatment available for Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies (CMT). Current management relies on rehabilitation therapy, surgery for skeletal deformities, and symptomatic treatment of pain; fatigue and cramps are frequent complaints that are difficult to treat. The challenge is to find disease-modifying therapies. Several approaches, including gene silencing, to counteract the PMP22 gene overexpression in the most frequent CMT1A type are under investigation. PXT3003 is the compound in the most advanced phase for CMT1A, as a second-phase III trial is ongoing. Gene therapy to substitute defective genes or insert novel ones and compounds acting on pathways important for different CMT types are being developed and tested in animal models. Modulation of the Neuregulin pathway determining myelin thickness is promising for both hypo-demyelinating and hypermyelinating neuropathies; intervention on Unfolded Protein Response seems effective for rescuing misfolded myelin proteins such as P0 in CMT1B. HDAC6 inhibitors improved axonal transport and ameliorated phenotypes in different CMT models. Other potential therapeutic strategies include targeting macrophages, lipid metabolism, and Nav1.8 sodium channel in demyelinating CMT and the P2X7 receptor, which regulates calcium influx into Schwann cells, in CMT1A. Further approaches are aimed at correcting metabolic abnormalities, including the accumulation of sorbitol caused by biallelic mutations in the sorbitol dehydrogenase (SORD) gene and of neurotoxic glycosphingolipids in HSN1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Davide Pareyson
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy; (C.P.); (P.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Medina G, Perry J, Oza A, Kenna M. Hiding in plain sight: genetic deaf-blindness is not always Usher syndrome. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2021; 7:mcs.a006088. [PMID: 34021019 PMCID: PMC8327880 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a006088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is the most common congenital sensory impairment. Usher syndrome (USH) is the leading genetic etiology of congenital deafness combined with progressive vision loss, and individuals presenting with these symptoms are often assumed to have USH. This can be an erroneous assumption, as there are additional genetic causes of deaf-blindness. Our objective is to describe and accurately diagnose non-USH genetic causes of deaf-blindness. We present three children with hearing and vision loss with clinical and genetic findings suggestive of USH. However, ongoing clinical assessment did not completely support an USH diagnosis, and exome analysis was pursued for all three individuals. Updated genetic testing showed pathogenic variants in ALMS1 in the first individual and TUBB4B in the second and third. Although HL in all three was consistent with USH type 2, vision impairment with retinal changes was noted by age 2 yr, which is unusual for USH. In all three the updated genotype more accurately fit the clinical phenotype. Because USH is the most common form of genetic deaf-blindness, individuals with HL, early vision impairment, and retinal dysfunction are often assumed to have USH. However, additional genes associated with HL and retinal impairment include ALMS1, TUBB4B, CEP78, ABHD12, and PRPS1. Accurate genetic diagnosis is critical to these individuals’ understanding of their genetic conditions, prognosis, vision and hearing loss management, and future access to molecular therapies. If clinically or genetically USH seems uncertain, updated genetic testing for non-USH genes is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Medina
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Julia Perry
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Andrea Oza
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Partners HealthCare Personalized Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.,Invitae, San Francisco, California 94103, USA
| | - Margaret Kenna
- Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pisciotta C, Saveri P, Pareyson D. Updated review of therapeutic strategies for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and related neuropathies. Expert Rev Neurother 2021; 21:701-713. [PMID: 34033725 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1935242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) and related neuropathies represent the most prevalent inherited neuromuscular disorders. Nonetheless, there is still no pharmacological treatment available for any CMT type. However, the landscape is rapidly evolving and several novel approaches are providing encouraging results in preclinical studies and leading to clinical trials.Areas covered: The authors review the most promising therapies under study and the ongoing/planned clinical trials. Several approaches to address PMP22 overexpression underlying CMT1A, the most frequent subtype, are being tested. Gene silencing, targeting PMP22, and gene therapy, to introduce specific genes or to substitute or modulate defective ones, are being experimented in animal models. Compounds acting on ER stress, unfolded protein response, neuregulin pathways, phosphoinositides metabolism, axonal transport and degeneration, inflammation, polyol pathway, deoxysphingolipid metabolism, purine nucleotide pool are potential therapeutic candidates for different forms of CMT and related neuropathies.Expert opinion: We are getting closer to find effective therapies for CMT, but are far behind the exciting examples of other genetic neuromuscular disorders. The authors analyze the possible reasons for this gap and the way to fill it. Preclinical and clinical research is ongoing with coordinated efforts and they are confident that in the next few years we will see the first effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pisciotta
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Saveri
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Pareyson
- Unit of Rare Neurodegenerative and Neurometabolic Diseases, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hoytema van Konijnenburg EMM, Wortmann SB, Koelewijn MJ, Tseng LA, Houben R, Stöckler-Ipsiroglu S, Ferreira CR, van Karnebeek CDM. Treatable inherited metabolic disorders causing intellectual disability: 2021 review and digital app. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:170. [PMID: 33845862 PMCID: PMC8042729 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Treatable ID App was created in 2012 as digital tool to improve early recognition and intervention for treatable inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) presenting with global developmental delay and intellectual disability (collectively 'treatable IDs'). Our aim is to update the 2012 review on treatable IDs and App to capture the advances made in the identification of new IMDs along with increased pathophysiological insights catalyzing therapeutic development and implementation. METHODS Two independent reviewers queried PubMed, OMIM and Orphanet databases to reassess all previously included disorders and therapies and to identify all reports on Treatable IDs published between 2012 and 2021. These were included if listed in the International Classification of IMDs (ICIMD) and presenting with ID as a major feature, and if published evidence for a therapeutic intervention improving ID primary and/or secondary outcomes is available. Data on clinical symptoms, diagnostic testing, treatment strategies, effects on outcomes, and evidence levels were extracted and evaluated by the reviewers and external experts. The generated knowledge was translated into a diagnostic algorithm and updated version of the App with novel features. RESULTS Our review identified 116 treatable IDs (139 genes), of which 44 newly identified, belonging to 17 ICIMD categories. The most frequent therapeutic interventions were nutritional, pharmacological and vitamin and trace element supplementation. Evidence level varied from 1 to 3 (trials, cohort studies, case-control studies) for 19% and 4-5 (case-report, expert opinion) for 81% of treatments. Reported effects included improvement of clinical deterioration in 62%, neurological manifestations in 47% and development in 37%. CONCLUSION The number of treatable IDs identified by our literature review increased by more than one-third in eight years. Although there has been much attention to gene-based and enzyme replacement therapy, the majority of effective treatments are nutritional, which are relatively affordable, widely available and (often) surprisingly effective. We present a diagnostic algorithm (adjustable to local resources and expertise) and the updated App to facilitate a swift and accurate workup, prioritizing treatable IDs. Our digital tool is freely available as Native and Web App (www.treatable-id.org) with several novel features. Our Treatable ID endeavor contributes to the Treatabolome and International Rare Diseases Research Consortium goals, enabling clinicians to deliver rapid evidence-based interventions to our rare disease patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- University Children's Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- On Behalf of United for Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marina J Koelewijn
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura A Tseng
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- On Behalf of United for Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sylvia Stöckler-Ipsiroglu
- Division of Biochemical Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Carlos R Ferreira
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clara D M van Karnebeek
- Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- On Behalf of United for Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatrics - Metabolic Diseases, Amalia Children's Hospital, Geert Grooteplein 10, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rezende Filho FM, Palma MM, Pedroso JL, Barsottini OG, Sallum JM. PRPS1 Gene Mutation Causes Complex X-Linked Adult-Onset Cerebellar Ataxia in Women. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2021; 7:e563. [PMID: 33898739 PMCID: PMC8063620 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flávio M Rezende Filho
- Department of Neurology (F.M.R.F., J.L.P., O.G.B.), and Department of Ophthalmology (M.M.P., J.M.S.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Mariana M Palma
- Department of Neurology (F.M.R.F., J.L.P., O.G.B.), and Department of Ophthalmology (M.M.P., J.M.S.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedroso
- Department of Neurology (F.M.R.F., J.L.P., O.G.B.), and Department of Ophthalmology (M.M.P., J.M.S.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Orlando G Barsottini
- Department of Neurology (F.M.R.F., J.L.P., O.G.B.), and Department of Ophthalmology (M.M.P., J.M.S.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| | - Juliana M Sallum
- Department of Neurology (F.M.R.F., J.L.P., O.G.B.), and Department of Ophthalmology (M.M.P., J.M.S.), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang Y, Song L, Huang X, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Li S, Zhan Z, Zheng L, Feng H, Li Y. PRPS1-mediated purine biosynthesis is critical for pluripotent stem cell survival and stemness. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4063-4078. [PMID: 33493137 PMCID: PMC7906169 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have a unique energetic and biosynthetic metabolism compared with typically differentiated cells. However, the metabolism profiling of PSCs and its underlying mechanism are still unclear. Here, we report PSCs metabolism profiling and identify the purine synthesis enzymes, phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1/2 (PRPS1/2), are critical for PSCs stemness and survival. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (UHPLC-MS) analysis revealed that purine synthesis intermediate metabolite levels in PSCs are higher than that in somatic cells. Ectopic expression of PRPS1/2 did not improve purine biosynthesis, drug resistance, or stemness in PSCs. However, knockout of PRPS1 caused PSCs DNA damage and apoptosis. Depletion of PRPS2 attenuated PSCs stemness and assisted PSCs differentiation. Our finding demonstrates that PRPS1/2-mediated purine biosynthesis is critical for pluripotent stem cell stemness and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Lili Song
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yanan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yingwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Zhiyan Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Co-therapy with S-adenosylmethionine and nicotinamide riboside improves t-cell survival and function in Arts Syndrome (PRPS1 deficiency). Mol Genet Metab Rep 2021; 26:100709. [PMID: 33532242 PMCID: PMC7823043 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Arts syndrome or phosphoribosyl-pyrophosphate-synthetase-1 (PRPS1) deficiency is caused by loss-of-function mutations in the PRPS1 gene (Xq22.3). PRPS1 is an initial and essential step for the synthesis of the nucleotides of purines, pyrimidines, and nicotinamide. Classically, affected males present with sensorineural hearing loss, optic atrophy, muscular hypotonia, developmental impairment, and recurrent severe respiratory infections early in life. Treatment of a 3-year old boy with S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) replenished erythrocyte purine nucleotides of adenosine and guanosine, while SAM and nicotinamide riboside co-therapy further improved his clinical phenotype as well as T-cell survival and function.
Collapse
|
27
|
Yang XR, Benson MD, MacDonald IM, Innes AM. A diagnostic approach to syndromic retinal dystrophies with intellectual disability. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 184:538-570. [PMID: 32918368 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inherited retinal dystrophies are a group of monogenic disorders that, as a whole, contribute significantly to the burden of ocular disease in both pediatric and adult patients. In their syndromic forms, retinal dystrophies can be observed in association with intellectual disability, frequently alongside other systemic manifestations. There are now over 80 genes implicated in syndromic retinal dystrophies with intellectual disability. Identifying and accurately characterizing these disorders allows the clinician to narrow the differential diagnosis, evaluate for relevant associated features, arrive at a timely and accurate diagnosis, and address both sight-threatening ocular manifestations and morbidity-causing systemic manifestations. The co-occurrence of retinal dystrophy and intellectual disability in an individual can be challenging to investigate, diagnose, and counsel given the considerable phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity that exists within this broad group of disorders. We performed a review of the current literature and propose an algorithm to facilitate the evaluation, and clinical and mechanistic classification, of these individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Matthew D Benson
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ian M MacDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Micheil Innes
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
PRPS1 loss-of-function variants, from isolated hearing loss to severe congenital encephalopathy: New cases and literature review. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:104033. [PMID: 32781272 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.104033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe two sporadic and two familial cases with loss-of-function variants in PRPS1, which is located on the X chromosome and encodes phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRS-1). We illustrate the clinical variability associated with decreased PRS-1 activity, ranging from mild isolated hearing loss to severe encephalopathy. One of the variants we identified has already been reported with a phenotype similar to our patient's, whereas the other three were unknown. The clinical and biochemical information we provide will hopefully contribute to gain insight into the correlation between genotype and phenotype of this rare condition, both in females and in males. Moreover, our observation of a new family in which hemizygous males display hearing loss without any neurological or ophthalmological symptoms prompts us to suggest analysing PRPS1 in cases of isolated hearing loss. Eventually, PRPS1 variants should be considered as a differential diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders.
Collapse
|
29
|
PRPS-Associated Disorders and the Drosophila Model of Arts Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144824. [PMID: 32650483 PMCID: PMC7403961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While a plethora of genetic techniques have been developed over the past century, modifying specific sequences of the fruit fly genome has been a difficult, if not impossible task. clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 truly redefined molecular genetics and provided new tools to model human diseases in Drosophila melanogaster. This is particularly true for genes whose protein sequences are highly conserved. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) is a rate-limiting enzyme in nucleotide metabolism whose missense mutations are found in several neurological disorders, including Arts syndrome. In addition, PRPS is deregulated in cancer, particularly those that become resistant to cancer therapy. Notably, DrosophilaPRPS shares about 90% protein sequence identity with its human orthologs, making it an ideal gene to study via CRISPR/Cas9. In this review, we will summarize recent findings on PRPS mutations in human diseases including cancer and on the molecular mechanisms by which PRPS activity is regulated. We will also discuss potential applications of Drosophila CRISPR/Cas9 to model PRPS-dependent disorders and other metabolic diseases that are associated with nucleotide metabolism.
Collapse
|
30
|
Begovich K, Yelon D, Wilhelm JE. PRPS polymerization influences lens fiber organization in zebrafish. Dev Dyn 2020; 249:1018-1031. [PMID: 32243675 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The self-assembly of metabolic enzymes into filaments or foci highlights an intriguing mechanism for the regulation of metabolic activity. Recently, we identified the conserved polymerization of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS), which catalyzes the first step in purine nucleotide synthesis, in yeast and cultured mammalian cells. While previous work has revealed that loss of PRPS activity regulates retinal development in zebrafish, the extent to which PRPS filament formation affects tissue development remains unknown. RESULTS By generating novel alleles in the zebrafish PRPS paralogs, prps1a and prps1b, we gained new insight into the role of PRPS filaments during eye development. We found that mutations in prps1a alone are sufficient to generate abnormally small eyes along with defects in head size, pigmentation, and swim bladder inflation. Furthermore, a loss-of-function mutation that truncates the Prps1a protein resulted in the failure of PRPS filament assembly. Lastly, in mutants that fail to assemble PRPS filaments, we observed disorganization of the actin network in the lens fibers. CONCLUSIONS The truncation of Prps1a blocked PRPS filament formation and resulted in a disorganized lens fiber actin network. Altogether, these findings highlight a potential role for PRPS filaments during lens fiber organization in zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Begovich
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Deborah Yelon
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - James E Wilhelm
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) Summer Institute, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA.,Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
A novel mutation in gene of PRPS1 in a young Chinese woman with X-linked gout: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 39:949-956. [PMID: 31773495 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04801-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyrophosphate synthetase-1(PRS-1) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) with substrate: adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and ribose-5-phophate(R5P) in the de novo pathways of purine and pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis. Mutation in PRPS1 can result in a series of diseases of purine metabolism, which includes PRS-1 superactivity. The common clinical phenotypes are hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria. We identified a novel missense mutation in X-chromosomal gene PRPS1 in a young Chinese woman while her mother has heterogeneous genotype and phenotype. A 24-year-old Chinese female patient suffered hyperuricemia, gout, and recurrent hyperpyrexia for more than 6 years, and then was diagnosed with hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance (IR), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A novel missense mutation, c.521(exon)G>T, p.(Gly174Val) was detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and confirmed by Sanger sequencing in the patient and her parents. Interestingly, her mother has the same heterozygous missense mutation but without uric acid overproduction which can be explained by the phenomenon of the skewed X-chromosome inactivation. The substituted amino acid Val for Gly174 is positioned in the pyrophosphate (PPi) binding loop, and this mutation impacts the binding rate of Mg2+-ATP complex to PRS-1, thus the assembling of homodimer is affected by changed Val174 leading to the instability of the allosteric site. Our report highlights the X-linked inheritance of gout in females caused by mutation in PRPS1 accompanied with severe metabolic disorders and recurrent hyperpyrexia.
Collapse
|
32
|
Delos Santos K, Kim M, Yergeau C, Jean S, Moon NS. Pleiotropic role of Drosophila phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase in autophagy and lysosome homeostasis. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008376. [PMID: 31487280 PMCID: PMC6748441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS) is a rate-limiting enzyme whose function is important for the biosynthesis of purines, pyrimidines, and pyridines. Importantly, while missense mutations of PRPS1 have been identified in neurological disorders such as Arts syndrome, how they contribute to neuropathogenesis is still unclear. We identified the Drosophila ortholog of PRPS (dPRPS) as a direct target of RB/E2F in Drosophila, a vital cell cycle regulator, and engineered dPRPS alleles carrying patient-derived mutations. Interestingly, while they are able to develop normally, dPRPS mutant flies have a shortened lifespan and locomotive defects, common phenotypes associated with neurodegeneration. Careful analysis of the fat body revealed that patient-derived PRPS mutations result in profound defects in lipolysis, macroautophagy, and lysosome function. Significantly, we show evidence that the nervous system of dPRPS mutant flies is affected by these defects. Overall, we uncovered an unexpected link between nucleotide metabolism and autophagy/lysosome function, providing a possible mechanism by which PRPS-dysfunction contributes to neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keemo Delos Santos
- Department of Biology, Developmental Biology Research Initiative, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Minhee Kim
- Department of Biology, Developmental Biology Research Initiative, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Yergeau
- Department of Biology, Developmental Biology Research Initiative, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Steve Jean
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département d’Anatomie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Nam-Sung Moon
- Department of Biology, Developmental Biology Research Initiative, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lerat J, Magdelaine C, Derouault P, Beauvais-Dzugan H, Bieth E, Acket B, Arne-Bes MC, Sturtz F, Lia AS. New PRPS1 variant p.(Met68Leu) located in the dimerization area identified in a French CMTX5 patient. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e875. [PMID: 31338985 PMCID: PMC6732271 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CMTX5 is characterized by peripheral neuropathy, early‐onset sensorineural hearing impairment, and optic neuropathy. Only seven variants have been reported and no genotype‐phenotype correlations have yet been established. PRPS1 has a crystallographic structure, as it is composed of three dimers that constitute a hexamer. Methods Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using a custom 92‐gene panel designed for the diagnosis of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) and associated neuropathies. Results We report the case of a 35‐year‐old male, who had presented CMT and hearing loss since childhood associated to bilateral optic neuropathy without any sign of retinitis pigmentosa. A new hemizygous variant on chromosomic position X:106,882,604, in the PRPS1 gene, c.202A > T, p.(Met68Leu) was found. This change is predicted to lead to an altered affinity between the different subunits in the dimer, thereby may prevent the hexamer formation. Conclusion CMTX5 is probably under‐diagnosed, as an overlap among the different features due to PRPS1 exists. Patients who developed polyneuropathy associated to sensorineural deafness and optic atrophy during childhood should be assessed for PRPS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Lerat
- Univ. Limoges, MMNP, Limoges, France.,CHU Limoges, Service Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Limoges, France
| | - Corinne Magdelaine
- Univ. Limoges, MMNP, Limoges, France.,CHU Limoges, Service Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Limoges, France
| | - Paco Derouault
- CHU Limoges, Service Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Limoges, France
| | - Hélène Beauvais-Dzugan
- Univ. Limoges, MMNP, Limoges, France.,CHU Limoges, Service Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Limoges, France
| | - Eric Bieth
- CHU Toulouse, Service Génétique Médicale, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Acket
- CHU Toulouse, Explorations neurophysiologiques, Centre SLA, Centre de référence de pathologie neuromusculaire, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Christine Arne-Bes
- CHU Toulouse, Explorations neurophysiologiques, Centre SLA, Centre de référence de pathologie neuromusculaire, Toulouse, France
| | - Franck Sturtz
- Univ. Limoges, MMNP, Limoges, France.,CHU Limoges, Service Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- Univ. Limoges, MMNP, Limoges, France.,CHU Limoges, Service Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire, Limoges, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li J, Ye J, Zhu S, Cui H. Down-Regulation of Phosphoribosyl Pyrophosphate Synthetase 1 Inhibits Neuroblastoma Cell Proliferation. Cells 2019; 8:cells8090955. [PMID: 31443513 PMCID: PMC6770549 DOI: 10.3390/cells8090955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) is a key enzyme in de novo nucleotide synthesis and nucleotide salvage synthesis pathways that are critical for purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis. Abnormally high expression of PRPS1 can cause many diseases, including hearing loss, hypotonia, and ataxia, in addition to being associated with neuroblastoma. However, the role of PRPS1 in neuroblastoma is still unclear. In this study, we found that PRPS1 was commonly expressed in neuroblastoma cells and was closely related to poor prognosis for cancer. Furthermore, down-regulation of PRPS1 inhibited neuroblastoma cell proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo via disturbing DNA synthesis. This study provides new insights into the treatment of neuroblastoma patients and new targets for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jifu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shunqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zikánová M, Wahezi D, Hay A, Stiburková B, Pitts C, Mušálková D, Škopová V, Barešová V, Soucková O, Hodanová K, Živná M, Stránecký V, Hartmannová H, Hnízda A, Bleyer AJ, Kmoch S. Clinical manifestations and molecular aspects of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase superactivity in females. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 57:1180-1185. [PMID: 30423175 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase (PRPS1) superactivity is an X-linked disorder characterized by urate overproduction Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) gene reference 300661. This condition is thought to rarely affect women, and when it does, the clinical presentation is mild. We describe a 16-year-old African American female who developed progressive tophi, nephrolithiasis and acute kidney failure due to urate overproduction. Family history included a mother with tophaceous gout who developed end-stage kidney disease due to nephrolithiasis and an affected sister with polyarticular gout. The main aim of this study was to describe the clinical manifestations of PRPS1 superactivity in women. Methods Whole exome sequencing was performed in affected females and their fathers. Results Mutational analysis revealed a new c.520 G > A (p.G174R) mutation in the PRPS1 gene. The mutation resulted in decreased PRPS1 inhibition by ADP. Conclusion Clinical findings in previously reported females with PRPS1 superactivity showed a high clinical penetrance of this disorder with a mean serum urate level of 8.5 (4.1) mg/dl [506 (247) μmol/l] and a high prevalence of gout. These findings indicate that all women in families with PRPS1 superactivity should be genetically screened for a mutation (for clinical management and genetic counselling). In addition, women with tophaceous gout, gout presenting in childhood, or a strong family history of severe gout should be considered for PRPS1 mutational analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Zikánová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dawn Wahezi
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Arielle Hay
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Blanka Stiburková
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Charles Pitts
- Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Dita Mušálková
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Václava Škopová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Barešová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Soucková
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Hodanová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Živná
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Stránecký
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Hartmannová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Hnízda
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anthony J Bleyer
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| | - Stanislav Kmoch
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
DeSmidt AA, Zou B, Grati M, Yan D, Mittal R, Yao Q, Richmond MT, Denyer S, Liu XZ, Lu Z. Zebrafish Model for Nonsyndromic X-Linked Sensorineural Deafness, DFNX1. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:544-555. [PMID: 30874365 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary deafness is often a neurosensory disorder and affects the quality of life of humans. Only three X-linked genes (POU class 3 homeobox 4 (POU3F4), phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1), and small muscle protein X-linked (SMPX)) are known to be involved in nonsyndromic hearing loss. Four PRPS1 missense mutations have been found to associate with X-linked nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness (DFNX1/DFN2) in humans. However, a causative relationship between PRPS1 mutations and hearing loss in humans has not been well studied in any animal model. Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRS-I) is highly conserved in vertebrate taxa. In this study, we used the zebrafish as a model to investigate the auditory role of zebrafish orthologs (prps1a and prps1b) of the human PRPS1 gene with whole mount in situ hybridization, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, phenotypic screening, confocal imaging, and electrophysiological methods. We found that both prps1a and prps1b genes were expressed in the inner ear of zebrafish. Splice-blocking antisense morpholino oligonucleotides (MO1 and MO2) caused exon-2 skip and intron-2 retention of prps1a and exon-2 skip and intron-1 retention of prps1b to knock down functions of the genes, respectively. MO1 and MO2 morphants had smaller otic vesicles and otoliths, fewer inner ear hair cells, and lower microphonic response amplitude and sensitivity than control zebrafish. Therefore, knockdown of either prps1a or prps1b resulted in significant sensorineural hearing loss in zebrafish. We conclude that the prps1 genes are essential for hearing in zebrafish, which has the potential to help us understand the biology of human deafness DFNX1/DFN2. Anat Rec, 303:544-555, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bing Zou
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - M'hamed Grati
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Qi Yao
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Steven Denyer
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Xue Zhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Department of Otolaryngology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.,Neuroscience Program, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.,International Center for Marine Studies, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Sauvaget M, Hutton F, Coull R, Vavassori S, Wang K, Reznik A, Chyker T, Newfield CG, Euston E, Benary G, Schweizer LM, Schweizer M. The NHR1-1 of Prs1 and the pentameric motif 284KKCPK288 of Prs3 permit multi-functionality of the PRPP synthetase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 19:5288342. [PMID: 30649305 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foz006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The five-membered PRS gene family of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an example of gene duplication allowing the acquisition of novel functions. Each of the five Prs polypeptides is theoretically capable of synthesising PRPP but at least one of the following heterodimers is required for survival: Prs1/Prs3, Prs2/Prs5 and Prs4/Prs5. Prs3 contains a pentameric motif 284KKCPK288 found only in nuclear proteins. Deletion of 284KKCPK288 destabilises the Prs1/Prs3 complex resulting in a cascade of events, including reduction in PRPP synthetase activity and altered cell wall integrity (CWI) as measured by caffeine sensitivity and Rlm1 expression. Prs3 also interacts with the kinetochore-associated protein, Nuf2. Following the possibility of 284KKCPK288-mediated transport of the Prs1/Prs3 complex to the nucleus, it may interact with Nuf2 and phosphorylated Slt2 permitting activation of Rlm1. This scenario explains the breakdown of CWI encountered in mutants lacking PRS3 or deleted for 284KKCPK288. However, removal of NHR1-1 from Prs1 does not disrupt the Prs1/Prs3 interaction as shown by increased PRPP synthetase activity. This is evidence for the separation of the two metabolic functions of the PRPP-synthesising machinery: provision of PRPP and maintenance of CWI and is an example of evolutionary development when multiple copies of a gene were present in the ancestral organism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Sauvaget
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics & Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Fraser Hutton
- Institute of Life & Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure & Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Robert Coull
- Institute of Life & Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure & Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Stefano Vavassori
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics & Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Aleksandra Reznik
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Tatsiana Chyker
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Chelsea G Newfield
- Institute of Life & Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure & Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Eloise Euston
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics & Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Gerrit Benary
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics & Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Lilian M Schweizer
- School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Michael Schweizer
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics & Bioengineering (IB3), School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Brown EB, Rayens E, Rollmann SM. The Gene CG6767 Affects Olfactory Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster. Behav Genet 2019; 49:317-326. [PMID: 30710192 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-019-09949-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemosensory systems mediate some of the most vital animal behaviors. However, our knowledge of the genetic mechanisms that underlie behavioral responses to olfactory cues remains fragmented. Genome-wide association mapping has greatly advanced our ability to identify candidate loci associated with variation in olfactory behavior, but functional validation of these candidates remain a necessary next step in understanding the mechanisms by which these genes influence chemoreception. In previous genome-wide association analyses, a genomic region that spans multiple polymorphic loci on the left arm of the third chromosome was found to be significantly associated with variation in olfactory behavioral responses to the odorant 2,3-butanedione, a volatile compound present in fermenting fruit. In this study, behavioral analysis of flies possessing either the major or minor haplotype for this region confirmed the association between polymorphisms in the region and variation in olfactory behavior. Moreover, functional dissection of the genes within this region using P-element insertional mutagenesis together with targeted RNAi experiments revealed that the gene CG6767, a gene of previously unknown function but predicted to encode an enzyme responsible for the synthesis and metabolism of nucleic acids, affects olfactory behavioral responses to 2,3-butanedione. Specifically, RNAi mediated knockdown of CG6767 expression in different neuroanatomical populations of the olfactory system suggests that this gene functions in local interneurons of the antennal lobe. These results reveal a new role for CG6767 and its importance in olfactory behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Brown
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0006, USA
| | - Emily Rayens
- Department of Biology, Wittenberg University, Springfield, OH, 45501, USA
| | - Stephanie M Rollmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0006, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nishikura N, Yamagata T, Morimune T, Matsui J, Sokoda T, Sawai C, Sakaue Y, Higuchi Y, Hashiguchi A, Takashima H, Takeuchi Y, Maruo Y. X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 with recurrent weakness after febrile illness. Brain Dev 2019; 41:201-204. [PMID: 30177296 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 5 (CMTX5) is an X-linked disorder characterized by early-onset sensorineural hearing impairment, peripheral neuropathy, and progressive optic atrophy. It is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 gene (PRPS1), which encodes isoform I of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (PRS-I). A decreased activity leads to nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness (DFN2), CMTX5, and Arts syndrome depending upon residual PRS-I activity. Clinical and neurophysiological features of pediatric CMTX5 are poorly defined. We report two male siblings with peripheral neuropathy and prelingual sensorineural hearing loss who carried a novel c.319A>G (p.Ile107Val) PRPS1 missense mutation. They exhibited recurrent episodes of transient proximal muscle weakness, showing Gowers' sign and waddling gait after suffering from febrile illness. This transient weakness has not been previously reported in CMTX5. A patient with Arts syndrome was reported to have transient proximal weakness after febrile illness. The transient weakness presenting in both CMTX5 and Arts syndrome suggests an overlap of signs and a continuous spectrum of PRS-I hypoactivity disease. Children presenting with transient neurological signs should be evaluated for peripheral neuropathy and consider genetic analysis for PRPS1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Nishikura
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Takanori Yamagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takao Morimune
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Jun Matsui
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Sokoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sawai
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yuko Sakaue
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yujiro Higuchi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hashiguchi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takeuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Maruo
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang D, Chen Y, Fang H, Zheng L, Li Y, Yang F, Xu Y, Du L, Zhou BBS, Li H. Increase of PRPP enhances chemosensitivity of PRPS1 mutant acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells to 5-Fluorouracil. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:6202-6212. [PMID: 30255549 PMCID: PMC6237573 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapse‐specific mutations in phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1), a rate‐limiting purine biosynthesis enzyme, confer significant drug resistances to combination chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is of particular interest to identify drugs to overcome these resistances. In this study, we found that PRPS1 mutant ALL cells specifically showed more chemosensitivity to 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) than control cells, attributed to increased apoptosis of PRPS1 mutant cells by 5‐FU. Mechanistically, PRPS1 mutants increase the level of intracellular phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP), which causes the apt conversion of 5‐FU to FUMP and FUTP in Reh cells, to promote 5‐FU‐induced DNA damage and apoptosis. Our study not only provides mechanistic rationale for re‐targeting drug resistant cells in ALL, but also implicates that ALL patients who harbor relapse‐specific mutations of PRPS1 might benefit from 5‐FU‐based chemotherapy in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Houshun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Emergency, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin-Bing S Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of Health, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Basic Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang Z, Lee S, Oliver D, Yuan S, Tang C, Wang Y, Zheng H, Yan W. Prps1l1, a testis-specific gene, is dispensable for mouse spermatogenesis. Mol Reprod Dev 2018; 85:802-804. [PMID: 30113107 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Wang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Sandy Lee
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Daniel Oliver
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Shuiqiao Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Chong Tang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Huili Zheng
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reno School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Corvino V, Apisa P, Malesci R, Laria C, Auletta G, Franzé A. X-Linked Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Literature Review. Curr Genomics 2018; 19:327-338. [PMID: 30065609 PMCID: PMC6030855 DOI: 10.2174/1389202919666171218163046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss is a very diffuse pathology (about 1/1000 born) with several types of transmission. X-linked hearing loss accounts for approximately 1% - 2% of cases of non-syndromic forms, as well as for many syndromic forms. To date, six loci (DFNX1-6) and five genes (PRPS1 for DFNX1, POU3F4 for DFNX2, SMPX for DFNX4, AIFM1 for DFNX5 and COL4A6 for DFNX6) have been identified for X-linked non-syndromic hearing loss. For the syndromic forms, at least 15 genes have been identified, some of which are also implicated in non-syndromic forms. Moreover, some syndromic forms, presenting large chromosomal deletions, are associated with mental retardation too. This review presents an overview of the currently known genes related to X-linked hearing loss with the support of the most recent literature. It summarizes the genetics and clinical features of X-linked hearing loss to give information useful to realize a clear genetic counseling and an early diagnosis. It is important to get an early diagnosis of these diseases to decide the investigations to predict the evolution of the disease and the onset of any other future symptoms. This information will be clearly useful for choosing the best therapeutic strategy. In particular, regarding audiological aspects, this review highlights risks and benefits currently known in some cases for specific therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Corvino
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Apisa
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Malesci
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Laria
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Auletta
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Franzé
- Unit of Audiology, Department of Neurosciences, Reproductives and Odontostomatologic Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ma Y, An X, Guan X, Kong Q, Wang Y, Li P, Meng Y, Cui Y, Wen X, Guo Y, Shen Y, Yu J. High expression of PRPS1 induces an anti-apoptotic effect in B-ALL cell lines and predicts an adverse prognosis in Chinese children with B-ALL. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541198 PMCID: PMC5835884 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) is closely associated with a number of diseases; however, its influence in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and the potential molecular mechanisms involved remain unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of PRPS1 in Chinese children with B-ALL and to investigate the mechanism of action of PRPS1 in this disease. A Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to examine the proliferation of B-ALL Sup-B15 and Raji cells, and flow cytometric analysis was conducted to determine the cell cycle distribution and rate of apoptosis. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PRPS1, MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor, cyclin E1, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), cyclin dependent kinase 2 and caspase-3 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Elevated PRPS1 expression was associated with a high-risk stratification and poor prognosis in patients with B-ALL. Furthermore, overexpression of PRPS1 accelerated the growth of and inhibited apoptosis in Sup-B15 and Raji cells as well as increasing the expression of Bcl-2 to induce an anti-apoptotic effect in B-ALL cell lines. The results of the present study indicate that PRPS1 regulates multiple processes in B-ALL and may be an attractive therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimei Ma
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xizhou An
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xianmin Guan
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Qinglin Kong
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yanzhen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Cui
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Xianhao Wen
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yuxia Guo
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Yali Shen
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Fiorentino A, Fujinami K, Arno G, Robson AG, Pontikos N, Arasanz Armengol M, Plagnol V, Hayashi T, Iwata T, Parker M, Fowler T, Rendon A, Gardner JC, Henderson RH, Cheetham ME, Webster AR, Michaelides M, Hardcastle AJ. Missense variants in the X-linked gene PRPS1 cause retinal degeneration in females. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:80-91. [PMID: 28967191 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Retinal dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of disorders of visual function leading to partial or complete blindness. We report the genetic basis of an unusual retinal dystrophy in five families with affected females and no affected males. Heterozygous missense variants were identified in the X-linked phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) gene: c.47C > T, p.(Ser16Phe); c.586C > T, p.(Arg196Trp); c.641G > C, p.(Arg214Pro); and c.640C > T, p.(Arg214Trp). Missense variants in PRPS1 are usually associated with disease in male patients, including Arts syndrome, Charcot-Marie-Tooth, and nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness. In our study families, affected females manifested a retinal dystrophy with interocular asymmetry. Three unrelated females from these families had hearing loss leading to a diagnosis of Usher syndrome. Other neurological manifestations were also observed in three individuals. Our data highlight the unexpected X-linked inheritance of retinal degeneration in females caused by variants in PRPS1 and suggest that tissue-specific skewed X-inactivation or variable levels of pyrophosphate synthetase-1 deficiency are the underlying mechanism(s). We speculate that the absence of affected males in the study families suggests that some variants may be male embryonic lethal when inherited in the hemizygous state. The unbiased nature of next-generation sequencing enables all possible modes of inheritance to be considered for association of gene variants with novel phenotypic presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaoru Fujinami
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gavin Arno
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony G Robson
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolas Pontikos
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Genetics Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Takaaki Hayashi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwata
- National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Matthew Parker
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Fowler
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Augusto Rendon
- Genomics England, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert H Henderson
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrew R Webster
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michel Michaelides
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kim SY, Kim AR, Kim NKD, Lee C, Han JH, Kim MY, Jeon EH, Park WY, Mittal R, Yan D, Liu XZ, Choi BY. Functional characterization of a novel loss-of-function mutation of PRPS1 related to early-onset progressive nonsyndromic hearing loss in Koreans (DFNX1): Potential implications on future therapeutic intervention. J Gene Med 2017; 18:353-358. [PMID: 27886419 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The symptoms of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1 (PRPS1) deficiency diseases have been reported to be alleviated by medication. In the present study, we report biochemical data that favor PRPS1 deficiency-related hearing loss as a potential target for pharmaceutical treatment. METHODS We recruited 42 probands from subjects aged less than 15 years with a moderate degree of nonsyndromic autosomal-recessive or sporadic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in at least one side. Molecular genetic testing, including targeted exome sequencing (TES) of 129 genes for deafness, and in silico prediction were performed. RESULTS A strong candidate variant (p.A82P) of PRPS1 is co-segregated with SNHL in X-linked recessive inheritance from one Korean multiplex SNHL family. Subsequent measurement of in vitro enzymatic activities of PRPS1 from erythrocytes of affected and unaffected family members, as well as unrelated normal controls, confirmed a pathogenic role of this variant. In detail, compared to normal hearing controls (0.23-0.26 nmol/ml/h), the proband, the affected sibling and their normal hearing mother demonstrated a significantly decreased PRPS1 enzymatic activity (0.07, 0.03 and 0.11 nmol/ml/h, respectively). This novel loss-of-function mutation of PRPS1 (p.A82P) is the ninth and sixth most reported mutation in the world and in Asia, respectively. CONCLUSIONS DFNX1 was found to account for approximately 2.4% (1/42) of moderate SNHL in a Korean pediatric population. Confirmation of PRPS1 activity deficiency and an audiologic phenotype that initially begins in a milder form of SNHL, as in our family, should indicate the need for rigorous genetic screening as early as possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Ah Reum Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nayoung K D Kim
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chung Lee
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jin Hee Han
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Min Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Eun-Hee Jeon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Woong-Yang Park
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Rahul Mittal
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Denise Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Xue Zhong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Byung Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Hongcheon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fumagalli M, Lecca D, Abbracchio MP, Ceruti S. Pathophysiological Role of Purines and Pyrimidines in Neurodevelopment: Unveiling New Pharmacological Approaches to Congenital Brain Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:941. [PMID: 29375373 PMCID: PMC5770749 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a substantial body of evidence has emerged demonstrating that purine and pyrimidine synthesis and metabolism play major roles in controlling embryonic and fetal development and organogenesis. Dynamic and time-dependent changes in the expression of purine metabolizing enzymes (such as ectonucleotidases and adenosine deaminase) represent a key checkpoint for the correct sequential generation of the different signaling molecules, that in turn activate their specific membrane receptors. In neurodevelopment, Ca2+ release from radial glia mediated by P2Y1 purinergic receptors is fundamental to allow neuroblast migration along radial glia processes, and their correct positioning in the different layers of the developing neocortex. Moreover, ATP is involved in the development of synaptic transmission and contributes to the establishment of functional neuronal networks in the developing brain. Additionally, several purinergic receptors (spanning from adenosine to P2X and P2Y receptor subtypes) are differentially expressed by neural stem cells, depending on their maturation stage, and their activation tightly regulates cell proliferation and differentiation to either neurons or glial cells, as well as their correct colonization of the developing telencephalon. The purinergic control of neurodevelopment is not limited to prenatal life, but is maintained in postnatal life, when it plays fundamental roles in controlling oligodendrocyte maturation from precursors and their terminal differentiation to fully myelinating cells. Based on the above-mentioned and other literature evidence, it is now increasingly clear that any defect altering the tight regulation of purinergic transmission and of purine and pyrimidine metabolism during pre- and post-natal brain development may translate into functional deficits, which could be at the basis of severe pathologies characterized by mental retardation or other disturbances. This can occur either at the level of the recruitment and/or signaling of specific nucleotide or nucleoside receptors or through genetic alterations in key steps of the purine salvage pathway. In this review, we have provided a critical analysis of what is currently known on the pathophysiological role of purines and pyrimidines during brain development with the aim of unveiling new future strategies for pharmacological intervention in different neurodevelopmental disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fumagalli
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Lecca
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria P Abbracchio
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefania Ceruti
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology of Purinergic Transmission, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jiang P, Wei WF, Zhong GW, Zhou XG, Qiao WR, Fisher R, Lu L. The function of the three phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase (Prs) genes in hyphal growth and conidiation in Aspergillus nidulans. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:218-232. [PMID: 28277197 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase, which is encoded by the Prs gene, catalyses the reaction of ribose-5-phosphate and adenine ribonucleotide triphosphate (ATP) and has central importance in cellular metabolism. However, knowledge about how Prs family members function and contribute to total 5-phosphoribosyl-α-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase activity is limited. In this study, we identified that the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans genome contains three PRPP synthase-homologous genes (AnprsA, AnprsB and AnprsC), among which AnprsB and AnprsC but not AnprsA are auxotrophic genes. Transcriptional expression profiles revealed that the mRNA levels of AnprsA, AnprsB and AnprsC are dynamic during germination, hyphal growth and sporulation and that they all showed abundant expression during the vigorous hyphal growth time point. Inhibiting the expression of AnprsB or AnprsC in conditional strains produced more effects on the total PRPP synthetase activity than did inhibiting AnprsA, thus indicating that different AnPrs proteins are unequal in their contributions to Prs enzyme activity. In addition, the constitutive overexpression of AnprsA or AnprsC could significantly rescue the defective phenotype of the AnprsB-absent strain, suggesting that the function of AnprsB is not a specific consequence of this auxotrophic gene but instead comes from the contribution of Prs proteins to PRPP synthetase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wen-Fan Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Guo-Wei Zhong
- Department of Hygiene Analysis and Detection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, PR China
| | - Xiao-Gang Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Wei-Ran Qiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Reinhard Fisher
- Department of Microbiology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) - South Campus Institute for Applied Biosciences, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ling Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Porrmann J, Betcheva-Krajcir E, Di Donato N, Kahlert AK, Schallner J, Rump A, Schröck E, Dobritzsch D, Roelofsen J, van Kuilenburg ABP, Tzschach A. Novel PRPS1 gain-of-function mutation in a patient with congenital hyperuricemia and facial anomalies. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:2736-2742. [PMID: 28742244 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase (PRPPS) superactivity (OMIM 300661) is a rare inborn error of purine metabolism that is caused by gain-of-function mutations in the X-chromosomal gene PRPS1 (Xq22.3). Clinical characteristics include congenital hyperuricemia and hyperuricosuria, gouty arthritis, urolithiasis, developmental delay, hypotonia, recurrent infections, short stature, and hearing loss. Only eight families with PRPPS superactivity and PRPS1 gain-of-function mutations have been reported to date. We report on a 7-year-old boy with congenital hyperuricemia, urolithiasis, developmental delay, short stature, hypospadias, and facial dysmorphisms. His mother also suffered from hyperuricemia that was diagnosed at age 13 years. A novel PRPS1 missense mutation (c.573G>C, p.[Leu191Phe]) was detected in the proband and his mother. Enzyme activity analysis confirmed superactivity of PRPP synthetase. Analysis of the crystal structure of human PRPPS suggests that the Leu191Phe mutation affects the architecture of both allosteric sites, thereby preventing the allosteric inhibition of the enzyme. The family reported here broadens the clinical spectrum of PRPPS superactivity and indicates that this rare metabolic disorder might be associated with a recognizable facial gestalt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Porrmann
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Nataliya Di Donato
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne-Karin Kahlert
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Schallner
- Children's hospital, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Rump
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evelin Schröck
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Doreen Dobritzsch
- Department of Chemistry, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jeroen Roelofsen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - André B P van Kuilenburg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Tzschach
- Institut für Klinische Genetik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Chen B, Altman RB. Opportunities for developing therapies for rare genetic diseases: focus on gain-of-function and allostery. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2017; 12:61. [PMID: 28412959 PMCID: PMC5392956 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-017-0614-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advances in next generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized our ability to discover the causes of rare genetic diseases. However, developing treatments for these diseases remains challenging. In fact, when we systematically analyze the US FDA orphan drug list, we find that only 8% of rare diseases have an FDA-designated drug. Our approach leverages three primary insights: first, diseases with gain-of-function mutations and late onset are more likely to have drug options; second, drugs are more often inhibitors than activators; and third, some disease-causing proteins can be rescued by allosteric activators in diseases due to loss-of-function mutations. Results We have developed a pipeline that combines natural language processing and human curation to mine promising targets for drug development from the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. This pipeline targets diseases caused by well-characterized gain-of-function mutations or loss-of-function proteins with known allosteric activators. Applying this pipeline across thousands of rare genetic diseases, we discover 34 rare genetic diseases that are promising candidates for drug development. Conclusion Our analysis has revealed uneven coverage of rare diseases in the current US FDA orphan drug space. Diseases with gain-of-function mutations or loss-of-function mutations and known allosteric activators should be prioritized for drug treatments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13023-017-0614-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Chen
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Russ B Altman
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Maruyama K, Ogaya S, Kurahashi N, Umemura A, Yamada K, Hashiguchi A, Takashima H, Torres RJ, Aso K. Arts syndrome with a novel missense mutation in the PRPS1 gene: A case report. Brain Dev 2016; 38:954-958. [PMID: 27256512 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Arts syndrome is characterized by early-onset hypotonia, ataxia, intellectual disability, sensorineural hearing impairment, progressive optic atrophy, and a tendency to develop infections. Arts syndrome is an X-linked disorder caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the PRPS1 gene, which encodes phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase 1. Only three families have been reported. Here, we report another family with Arts syndrome. The initial symptoms of the 1-year-old proband were hypotonia and ataxia, worsening recurrent infection-triggered muscle weakness, motor and intellectual developmental delay, and hearing loss. Both central nervous system involvement and peripheral neuropathy were demonstrated. His three maternal uncles had died before the age of 3years. A genetic analysis of PRPS1 revealed a novel missense mutation, c.367C>G (p.His123Asp). PRPS enzymatic activity was markedly reduced in the patient. His mother was supposed to be an asymptomatic carrier. Arts syndrome should be included in the differential diagnosis of infantile hypotonia and weakness aggravated by recurrent infection with a family history of X-linked inheritance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Maruyama
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Aichi Prefectural Colony Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan.
| | - Shunsuke Ogaya
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Aichi Prefectural Colony Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Naoko Kurahashi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Aichi Prefectural Colony Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Ayako Umemura
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Aichi Prefectural Colony Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yamada
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Aichi Prefectural Colony Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hashiguchi
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takashima
- Department of Neurology and Geriatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Rosa J Torres
- Department of Biochemistry, La Paz University Hospital, IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Kosaburo Aso
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Aichi Prefectural Colony Central Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|