1
|
Oluwadiya KS, Olasinde AA, Adeoti AO, Adeoye O, Oluwadiya IO, Kadiri IA. The high cost of healing and teaching: a cross-sectional survey of burnout among academic physicians in Nigeria. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1357. [PMID: 38053092 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the medical and teaching professions are two major professions with the highest prevalence of burnout, and academic physicians bestride the two professions. This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of burnout among academic physicians working in tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. METHODOLOGY This was a self-administered online survey. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Educators (MBI-ES) on Google Form and sent to 256 academic physicians in tertiary hospitals across Nigeria using the WhatsApp broadcast feature. MBI-ES was categorized into two categories (Burnout and No Burnout), and binary logistic regression was used to test the influence of 13 predictors on the three dimensions of MBI-ES as well as MBI in its entirety. FINDINGS A total of 155 academic physicians responded, resulting in a response rate of 60.5%. There were 121 (80.7%) males and 29 (19.3%) females (five cases respondents omitted this detail). Eighty-seven respondents exhibited moderate to high burnout in at least one of the dimensions of the MBI, translating to a prevalence rate of 57.7% in our study. Five variables, number of peer reviewed articles published, hours of weekly teaching, enjoyment of academic writing, apathy to teaching and religion were all significantly associated with burnout. Moderate to high emotional exhaustion was reported by 30.8% (45 respondents), moderate to high depersonalization by 5.5% (8 respondents),, and low to moderate personal accomplishment by 43.5% (67 respondents).Eight variables: religion, geopolitical zone of practice, enjoyment of academic writing, apathy toward teaching, university ownership, number of published peer-reviewed articles, salary, and supplementary income were significantly associated with emotional exhaustion, while the number of weeks spent teaching in a year and teaching hours/week were significantly associated with depersonalization and personal accomplishment, respectively. Age (OR 1.302, CI 1.080-1.570), Teaching hours/week (OR 0.924, CI 0.854-0.999), Salary (OR 0.996, CI 0.993-1.0), and supplementary salary (OR 0.996, CI 0.993-0.999) were found to significantly predict emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSION The study reveals a high prevalence of burnout (57.7%) among academic physicians in Nigeria, highlighting an urgent need for targeted interventions and policy changes. Given the significant role these professionals play in healthcare and medical education, immediate action is essential to address this issue. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of preventive measures and exploring the long-term impacts of burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony A Olasinde
- Department of Surgery, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | | | - Oyewole Adeoye
- Department of Psychiatry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sipos D, Kunstár O, Kovács A, Petőné Csima M. Burnout among oncologists, nurses, and radiographers working in oncology patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29:503-508. [PMID: 36893716 PMCID: PMC9922570 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncology care professionals are exposed to high levels of stress that can lead to burnout. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout among nurses, oncologists and radiographers working in oncology patient care during the COVID -19 pandemic. METHODS Our electronic questionnaire was sent to e-mail contacts registered in the system of the Hungarian Society of Oncologists and to all oncology staff via an internal information system in each cancer center. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which measures depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), and personal accomplishment (PA). Demographic and work-related characteristics were collected in our self-designed questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, two-sample t-tests, analyzes of variance, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed. RESULTS A total of 205 oncology care workers' responses were analyzed. Oncologists (n = 75) were found to be significantly more committed to DP and EE (p = 0.001; p = 0.001). Working more than 50 h per week and being on-call had a negative effect on the EE dimension (p = 0.001; p = 0.003). Coming up with the idea of working abroad had a negative effect on all three dimensions of burnout (p ≤ 0.05). Respondents who did not leave their job due to their current life situation had significantly higher DE, EE, and lower PA (p ≤ 0.05). Intention to leave current profession was specific in (n = 24/78; 30.8%) of nurses (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that male gender, being an oncologist, working more than 50 h per week and taking on call duties have a negative impact on individual burnout. Future measures to prevent burnout should be integrated into the professionals' work environment, regardless of the impact of the current pandemic. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Prevention and oncopsychological training should be developed gradually at the organisational or personal level to avoid early burnout of professionals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Sipos
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Szent Imre Street 14/B, Kaposvár, Hungary; Dr. József Baka Diagnostic, Radiation Oncology, Research and Teaching Center, "Moritz Kaposi" Teaching Hospital, Guba Sándor Street 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary.
| | - O Kunstár
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Szent Imre Street 14/B, Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - A Kovács
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Szent Imre Street 14/B, Kaposvár, Hungary; Department of Oncoradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - M Petőné Csima
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Szent Imre Street 14/B, Kaposvár, Hungary; MATE - Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Guba Sándor Street 40, 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zangeneh Soroush M, Tahvilian P, Koohestani S, Maghooli K, Jafarnia Dabanloo N, Sarhangi Kadijani M, Jahantigh S, Zangeneh Soroush M, Saliani A. Effects of COVID-19-related psychological distress and anxiety on quality of sleep and life in healthcare workers in Iran and three European countries. Front Public Health 2022; 10:997626. [PMID: 36504977 PMCID: PMC9732084 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has considerably affected human beings most of whom are healthcare workers (HCWs) combating the disease in the front line. Methods This cross-sectional study aims to explore the effects of stress and anxiety caused by COVID-19 on the quality of sleep and life in HCWs, including physicians, nurses, and other healthcare staff. In this global study, we asked 1,210 HCWs (620 and 590 volunteers from Iran and European countries, including Germany, the Netherlands, and Italy, respectively), who age 21-70, to participate in the test. Several measures of COVID-related stress, anxiety, sleep, and life quality, including the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) are recorded. Results Volunteers reported high rates of stress and anxiety and poor sleep quality as well as lower quality of life. The correlation analysis between the measures is reported. According to the results, regardless of the location, HCWs, predominantly female nurses, developed anxiety and stress symptoms which consequently resulted in lower sleep and life quality. Both for Iranian and the European HCWs, significant differences existed between nurses and the other two groups, with the p-values equal to 0.0357 and 0.0429 for GHQ-12, 0.0368, and 0.714 for BAI measure. Even though nurses reported the most stress, anxiety, fear of COVID-19, lower quality of life and sleep in both countries, and also an increase in other measures as well, there existed no statistically significant difference in FCV-19S, PSQI, and WHOQOL-BREF. Discussion This study helps to expand our knowledge the effects of pandemics on HCWs and also for healthcare management to predict HCW's mental health conditions in similar situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Zangeneh Soroush
- Occupational Sleep Research Center, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Bio-Intelligence Research Unit, Electrical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Tahvilian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Koohestani
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Keivan Maghooli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Jafarnia Dabanloo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Engineering Research Center in Medicine and Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sepehr Jahantigh
- Department Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Amitis Saliani
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Elhadi YAM, Ahmed A, Salih EB, Abdelhamed OS, Ahmed MHH, El Dabbah NA. A cross-sectional survey of burnout in a sample of resident physicians in Sudan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265098. [PMID: 35245338 PMCID: PMC8896711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resident physicians in Sudan face a variety of physical and psychological stressors. Nevertheless, the prevalence of burnout syndrome among this critical population remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of burnout and its associated factors in a sample of resident physicians in Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional design was used to assess the burnout syndrome among resident physicians at the teaching hospitals of Wad-Medani in Gezira state, east-central Sudan. Three hundred resident physicians at the dermatology, general surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, ear, nose and throat (ENT), oncology, urology, and internal medicine departments, were approached and invited to participate in the study. The Arabic version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was distributed to respondents from July to October 2021. Results From the 300 resident physicians, 208 (69.3%) responded. The average age of the study population was 29.99 ± 3.01 years, with more than half were females (56.7%), single (59.6%), and with more than three years of residency experience (50.5%). In total, 86.1% met the criteria for burnout in at least one dimension and 13.9% in all three dimensions. On the dimension of emotional exhaustion (EE), 70.7% reported high levels of burnout. While, 44.2% reported high levels of depersonalization (DP), and 73.1% experienced a sense of decreased professional accomplishment (PA). There were significant differences in burnout, EE, and DP levels among different specialties, with the pediatrics-specialty trainees reported higher levels. Burnout syndrome was associated with the working hours per single duty; participants who reported working for more than 24 hours had experienced higher levels of burnout, EE, and DP. Conclusion Large-scale studies are required to assess the determinants of burnout syndrome among resident physicians in Sudan. In addition, Stakeholders should urgently implement effective remedies to protect the mental health of resident physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi
- Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Sciences, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Public Health, Medical Research Office, Sudanese Medical Research Association, Khartoum, Sudan
- * E-mail:
| | - Abdelmuniem Ahmed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | | | | | | | - Noha Ahmed El Dabbah
- Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Sciences, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of professionals in 77 hospitals in France. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263666. [PMID: 35171915 PMCID: PMC8849482 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant re-organisation of healthcare delivery in hospitals, with repercussions on all professionals working in healthcare. We aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of professionals working in health care institutions and to identify individual and environmental factors influencing the risk of mental health disorders. From 4 June to 22 September 2020, a total of 4370 professionals responded to an online questionnaire evaluating psychological distress, severity of post-traumatic stress symptoms, stress factors, and coping strategies. About 57% of the professionals suffered from psychological distress, and 21% showed symptoms of potential post-traumatic stress. Professionals working in radiology, those working in quality/hygiene/security and nurses' aides were the most affected groups. The media focus on the crisis, and a high workload were the most prevalent stress factors, followed by uncertainty regarding the possibility of containing the epidemic, the constantly changing hygiene recommendations/protocols, and the lack of personal protective equipment. The use of coping strategies, notably positive thinking, helped to mitigate the relation between perceived stress and mental health disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching negative repercussions for all professionals, with some sectors more markedly affected. To prevent mental health disorders in professionals during a public health crisis, support services and management strategies within hospitals should take account of the importance of positive thinking and social support.
Collapse
|
6
|
Ogunsuji O, Ogundipe H, Adebayo O, Oladehin T, Oiwoh S, Obafemi O, Soneye O, Agaja O, Uyilawa O, Efuntoye O, Alatishe T, Williams A, Ilesanmi O, Atilola O. Internal Reliability and Validity of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory Compared with Maslach Burnout Inventory among Nigerian Resident Doctors: A Pilot Study. DUBAI MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1159/000521376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Copyrighted Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) is perhaps the most widely used and validated tool in assessing burnout among different occupations and health care professionals compared to the free to use Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). This study aimed to determine the reliability and validity of these tools in comparison with MBI among a subset of Nigerian resident doctors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with reliability of the burnout scales calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. Construct validity was assessed by principal component analysis and correlating dimensions within each burnout tool with one another using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The criterion validity of each dimension was assessed for the ability of independent variables to predict their scores using multiple linear regression. Results: Copenhagen Personal Burnout dimension had the highest Cronbach’s alpha score of 0.91. MBI-Emotional Exhaustion had the highest correlations with Copenhagen Work-related, Copenhagen Personal-related, and Oldenburg Exhaustion burnout dimensions. Only the multiple regression models for Copenhagen personal (p = 0.04) and work-related (p = 0.02) burnout dimensions were significant, with the specialty of the residents being the significant independent variable in both models. Conclusion: CBI and OLBI have high internal consistency and reliability among the subset of resident doctors recruited into this study, CBI dimensions had the best predictive and construct validity and can be used as valid alternative to MBI.
Collapse
|
7
|
Laurent A, Fournier A, Lheureux F, Poujol AL, Deltour V, Ecarnot F, Meunier-Beillard N, Loiseau M, Binquet C, Quenot JP. Risk and protective factors for the possible development of post-traumatic stress disorder among intensive care professionals in France during the first peak of the COVID-19 epidemic. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2011603. [PMID: 35096285 PMCID: PMC8794068 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.2011603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive care units (ICU) are among the healthcare services most affected by the COVID-19 crisis. Stressors related to insecurity, unpredictability, patient death and family distress are significant, and put healthcare workers (HCWs) at high risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The aims of this study were to measure the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in HCWs and to identify risk factors and protective factors during the epidemic in France. METHODS During the first peak of the epidemic (from 22 April to 13 May 2020), we assessed sources of stress (PS-ICU scale), mental health (GHQ-12) and coping strategies (Brief-COPE). Three months later (03 June to 6 July 2020), PTSD was assessed using the IES-R scale, with additional questions about sources of support. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires administered online. RESULTS Among 2153 professionals who participated in the study, 20.6% suffered from potential PTSD, mostly intrusion symptoms. Risk factors for the development of PTSD were having experienced additional difficult events during the crisis, having a high level of psychological distress, a high level of perceived stress related to the workload and human resources issues, the emotional burden related to the patient and family, and stressors specific to COVID-19 during the first peak of the crisis. The use of positive thinking coping strategies decreased the relationship between perceived stress and the presence of PTSD, while social support seeking strategies increased the relationship. Finally, the HCWs preferred to use support from colleagues, relatives and/or a psychologist, and very few used the telephone hotlines. CONCLUSION The epidemic has had a strong traumatic impact on intensive care HCWs. Given the risk of PTSD, we need to consider implementing easily-accessible support services that focus on positive thinking coping strategies, during and after the crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Laurent
- Laboratoire de Psychologie : Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Alicia Fournier
- Laboratoire de Psychologie : Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Florent Lheureux
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Poujol
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Équipe VCR, École de Psychologues Praticiens, Université catholique de Paris, Paris, France.,Laboratoire APEMAC, Université de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | - Victoire Deltour
- Laboratoire de Psychologie : Dynamiques Relationnelles Et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Besançon, France.,University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Nicolas Meunier-Beillard
- Clinical Epidemiology, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,DRCI, USMR, Francois Mitterrand University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie Loiseau
- Service de Médecine Légale CHU Dijon, Cellule d'Urgence Médico-Psychologique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Binquet
- module Epidémiologie Clinique (CIC-EC)- CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Quenot
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, France-Equipe Lipness, centre de recherche INSERM UMR1231 et LabEx LipSTIC, université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alabi MA, Ishola AG, Onibokun AC, Lasebikan VO. Burnout and quality of life among nurses working in selected mental health institutions in South West Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2021; 21:1428-1439. [PMID: 35222608 PMCID: PMC8843259 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v21i3.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burnout remains a huge public health problem among nurses. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study assessed 259 nurses from two Neuropsychiatric hospitals in Nigeria. Data was collected using a sociodemographic/ job related questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Short-Form health survey (SF-12). The associations between sociodemographic characteristic and burnout was anaysed using Chi square test, between burnout and quality of life using Spearman correlation statistics. Predictors of burnout were determined using binary regression analysis Results Prevalence of emotional exhaustion (EE) was 44.4%, depersonalization (DEP) 31.7% and reduced personal accomplishment was 98.8%. Predictors of EE were: poor funding from management, OR = 0.38 (95% CI 0.15–0.95) and role conflict, OR = 2.44 (95% CI 1.03–5.78), while the predictors of DEP, were age group, 31–40 years, OR = 0.37 (95% CI 0.18–0.77), male gender, OR = 2.55 (95% CI 1.40–4.65), role conflict, OR = 6.53 (95% CI 0.88–7.81) and working at more urban city, OR = 3.07 (95% CI 1.54–6.16). The mean total Quality of life (QOL) scores were significantly higher among respondents who had no EE and DEP p < 0.001. Conclusion Burnout is high among mental health nurses and is associated with poor quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morufat A Alabi
- Department of Nursing, College Of medicine, University of Ibadan. Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka G Ishola
- Department of Nursing, College Of medicine, University of Ibadan. Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adenike C Onibokun
- Department of Nursing, College Of medicine, University of Ibadan. Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Victor O Lasebikan
- Department of Psychiatry, College Of medicine, University of Ibadan. Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Olagunju AT, Bioku AA, Olagunju TO, Sarimiye FO, Onwuameze OE, Halbreich U. Psychological distress and sleep problems in healthcare workers in a developing context during COVID-19 pandemic: Implications for workplace wellbeing. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2021; 110:110292. [PMID: 33662533 PMCID: PMC7920822 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional wellbeing of healthcare workers is critical to the quality of patient care, and effective function of health services. The corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic exerted unique physical and emotional demands on healthcare workers, however little is known about the emotional wellbeing of healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in resource-restricted settings. This study investigated the prevalence of psychological distress, and sleep problems in healthcare workers in a COVID-19 referral hospital in Nigeria. METHODS A total of 303 healthcare workers were interviewed with the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) to evaluate psychological distress, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess multidimensional aspects of sleep, including quality, latency, duration, habitual efficiency, disturbances, use of sleeping medications and daytime dysfunction. RESULTS The participants were mostly males, 183(60.4%) and mean age was 38.8(SD = 8.9) years. Most of the participants were married (70.3%), had spent less than 10 years in service (72.9%), and had no medical comorbidity (92.1%). The prevalence of psychological distress was 23.4%, and six in every ten participants reported sleep problems. The largest proportion of participants reported difficulty in sleep latency (81.5%), duration (71.3%), and daytime dysfunction (69.6%), while approximately one third (32%) each reported using sleep medication, and had difficulty with sleep quality. Psychological distress was inter-related with poor sleep problems (p = 0.001; effect size = 0.2). CONCLUSION The prevalence rates of psychological distress and sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic were several folds the rates previously reported in similar contexts. Preventative psychosocial support services for healthcare workers are indicated. The creation of a culturally-sensitive interdisciplinary blueprint for locally-viable actions model are strongly suggested ahead of future emergency situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Olagunju
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University/St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia,Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University/St Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 100 West 5th Street Hamilton, ON, L8N 3K7, Canada
| | | | - Tinuke O. Olagunju
- Department of Health Research Method, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Foluke O. Sarimiye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Obiora E. Onwuameze
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
| | - Uriel Halbreich
- Bio-Behavioral Research, SUNY-AB, WPA Section on Interdisciplinary Collaboration, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Smith RP, Rayburn WF. Burnout in Obstetricians-Gynecologists: Its Prevalence, Identification, Prevention, and Reversal. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2021; 48:231-245. [PMID: 33573788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogc.2020.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Studies indicate that burnout rates among obstetricians-gynecologists range from 40% to more than 75%, which is in the middle to upper one-third of medical specialties. Symptoms range from feelings of underappreciation and unresolved fatigue, to cynicism, depression, physical symptoms, and illness. Burnout is associated with poor job satisfaction, questioning career choices, and dropping out of practice, impacting workforce concerns and patient access. Awareness of the symptoms and some simple stress and fatigue reduction techniques can decrease the risk of being trapped in the downward spiral of burnout. Successful interventions range from more sleep, to hobbies and vacations, to skilled counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William F Rayburn
- University of New Mexico School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Building No. 2, MSC09 53701, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Laurent A, Fournier A, Lheureux F, Louis G, Nseir S, Jacq G, Goulenok C, Muller G, Badie J, Bouhemad B, Georges M, Mertes PM, Merdji H, Castelain V, Abdulmalak C, Lesieur O, Plantefeve G, Lacherade JC, Rigaud JP, Sedillot N, Roux D, Terzi N, Beuret P, Monsel A, Poujol AL, Kuteifan K, Vanderlinden T, Renault A, Vivet B, Vinsonneau C, Barbar SD, Capellier G, Dellamonica J, Ehrmann S, Rimmelé T, Bohé J, Bouju P, Gibot S, Lévy B, Temime J, Pichot C, Schnell D, Friedman D, Asfar P, Lebas E, Mateu P, Klouche K, Audibert J, Ecarnot F, Meunier-Beillard N, Loiseau M, François-Pursell I, Binquet C, Quenot JP. Mental health and stress among ICU healthcare professionals in France according to intensity of the COVID-19 epidemic. Ann Intensive Care 2021; 11:90. [PMID: 34089117 PMCID: PMC8177250 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-021-00880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health of professionals working in the intensive care unit (ICU) according to the intensity of the epidemic in France. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted in 77 French hospitals from April 22 to May 13 2020. All ICU frontline healthcare workers were eligible. The primary endpoint was the mental health, assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Sources of stress during the crisis were assessed using the Perceived Stressors in Intensive Care Units (PS-ICU) scale. Epidemic intensity was defined as high or low for each region based on publicly available data from Santé Publique France. Effects were assessed using linear mixed models, moderation and mediation analyses. RESULTS In total, 2643 health professionals participated; 64.36% in high-intensity zones. Professionals in areas with greater epidemic intensity were at higher risk of mental health issues (p < 0.001), and higher levels of overall perceived stress (p < 0.001), compared to low-intensity zones. Factors associated with higher overall perceived stress were female sex (B = 0.13; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.08-0.17), having a relative at risk of COVID-19 (B = 0.14; 95%-CI = 0.09-0.18) and working in high-intensity zones (B = 0.11; 95%-CI = 0.02-0.20). Perceived stress mediated the impact of the crisis context on mental health (B = 0.23, 95%-CI = 0.05, 0.41) and the impact of stress on mental health was moderated by positive thinking, b = - 0.32, 95% CI = - 0.54, - 0.11. CONCLUSION COVID-19 negatively impacted the mental health of ICU professionals. Professionals working in zones where the epidemic was of high intensity were significantly more affected, with higher levels of perceived stress. This study is supported by a grant from the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-COVID 2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Laurent
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | - Alicia Fournier
- Laboratoire de Psychologie: Dynamiques Relationnelles et Processus Identitaires (PsyDREPI), Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Florent Lheureux
- Laboratoire de Psychologie, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Guillaume Louis
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente et USC, Hôpital de Mercy, CHR Metz-Thionville, Thionville, France
| | - Saad Nseir
- Critical Care Center, CHU Lille and Lille University, Lille, France
| | - Gwenaelle Jacq
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, CH de Versailles, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Cyril Goulenok
- Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Ramsay Générale de Santé, Hôpital Privé Jacques Cartier, Massy, France
| | - Grégoire Muller
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHR d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Julio Badie
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente-USC, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Trevenans, France
| | - Bélaïd Bouhemad
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Dijon University Medical Centre, Dijon, France
| | | | - Paul-Michel Mertes
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hamid Merdji
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Strasbourg, France.,Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Castelain
- Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Médecine Intensive - Réanimation, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France.,Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Abdulmalak
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de Chalon sur Saône, Chalon sur Saône, France
| | - Olivier Lesieur
- Intensive Care Unit, Groupement Hospitalier La Rochelle-Ré-Aunis, La Rochelle, France
| | | | - Jean-Claude Lacherade
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de La Roche-sur-Yon, Chalon sur Saône, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Rigaud
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CH de Dieppe, Dieppe, France.,Espace de Réflexion Éthique de Normandie, Université de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Nicholas Sedillot
- Réanimation Polyvalente, CH de Bourg-en-Bresse, Bourg-en-Bresse, France
| | - Damien Roux
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France.,Université de Paris, INSERM, UMR 1137 Infection, Antimicrobials, Modelling, Evolution, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Terzi
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascal Beuret
- Service de Réanimation-Soins Continus du CH de Roanne, Roanne, France
| | - Antoine Monsel
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Sorbonne University, INSERM, UMR-S 959, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (I3), Paris, France.,Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Inflammation-Immunopathology-Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Laure Poujol
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,Équipe VCR, École de Psychologues Praticiens, Université Catholique de Paris, EA, 7403, Paris, France.,Laboratoire APEMAC, Université de Lorraine, EA 4360, Université́ de Lorraine, Metz, France
| | | | - Thierry Vanderlinden
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Groupe des Hôpitaux de L'Institut Catholique de Lille (GHICL), France, Université Catholique de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Anne Renault
- Service de Réanimation Médicale et Urgences Médicales, CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | - Bérengère Vivet
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, Groupe Hospitalier Intercommunal de La Haute-Saône, Site de Vesoul, Luxeuil-les-Bains, France
| | - Christophe Vinsonneau
- Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation-Unité de Sevrage Ventilatoire et Réhabilitation, CH de Bethune, Bethune, France
| | - Saber Davide Barbar
- Service des Réanimations, Faculté de Médecine de Montpellier-Nîmes, CHU de Nîmes, France and Université de Montpellier, Nîmes, France
| | - Gilles Capellier
- Réanimation Médicale, University Hospital Besançon, Besançon, France.,EA3920, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | | | - Stephan Ehrmann
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Tours, France.,CIC INSERM 1415, CRICS-TriggerSep Network, Tours, France.,INSERM, Centre d'étude des pathologies respiratoires, Université de Tours, U1100, Tours, France
| | - Thomas Rimmelé
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Lyon, France
| | - Julien Bohé
- Service D'anesthésie - Réanimation-Médecine Intensive, CH Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre Bénite, Tours, France
| | - Pierre Bouju
- Service Réanimation Polyvalente, Groupe Hospitalier Bretagne Sud, Lorient, France
| | - Sébastien Gibot
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Central, Nancy, France
| | - Bruno Lévy
- Service de Réanimation Médicale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nancy Brabois, Nancy-France-Institut du Cœur et des Vaisseaux. Groupe Choc, équipe 2, Inserm U1116. Faculté de Médecine, Nancy-Brabois, France
| | | | - Cyrille Pichot
- Unité de Surveillance Continue, CH de Dôle, Dôle, France
| | - David Schnell
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente et USC, CH d'Angoulême, Angoulême, France
| | - Diane Friedman
- Service de Médecine Intensive et Réanimation, Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, Garches, France
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Département de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - Eddy Lebas
- Service de Réanimation-USC de Bretagne Atlantique, Vannes, France
| | - Philippe Mateu
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation-Unité de Recherche Clinique Ardennes Nord, CH de Charleville-Mézieres, Charleville-Mézieres, France
| | - Kada Klouche
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Lapeyronie Hospital, University Hospital of Montpellier-PhyMedExp, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Juliette Audibert
- Service de Réanimation Polyvalente, CH de Chartres, Hôpital Louis Pasteur, Le Coudray, France
| | - Fiona Ecarnot
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Besançon, and EA3920, University of Burgundy-Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Nicolas Meunier-Beillard
- CIC 1432, Clinical Epidemiology, University of Burgundy, Dijon, France.,DRCI, USMR, Francois Mitterrand University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie Loiseau
- Service de Médecine Légale CHU Dijon, Cellule D'Urgence Médico-Psychologique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Irène François-Pursell
- Service de Médecine Légale CHU Dijon, Cellule D'Urgence Médico-Psychologique de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christine Binquet
- Inserm et CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, CIC1432, Module Epidémiologie Clinique, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Quenot
- Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, CHU Dijon-Bourgogne, France-Equipe Lipness, centre de recherche INSERM UMR1231 et LabEx LipSTIC, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France. .,INSERM, Module Épidémiologie Clinique, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, CIC 1432, Dijon, France. .,Espace de Réflexion Éthique Bourgogne Franche-Comté (EREBFC), Besançon, France. .,Critical Care Department, University Hospital François Mitterrand, 14 rue Paul Gaffarel, 21079, Dijon, France.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ubom AE, Adesunkanmi AO, Ndegbu CU, Balogun SA, Ajekwu SC, Sowemimo SO, Olugbami AM, Ekhaiyeme PA, Olasehinde O, Awowole IO, Ijarotimi OA. Nigerian Surgical Trainees' Work Schedule: It is Time for a Change! World J Surg 2021; 45:2653-2660. [PMID: 34046691 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unregulated work schedules have deleterious effects on trainees' productivity and patients' safety. For these reasons, duty hours have been capped in many developed countries. Such regulations, however, appear to be lacking in many parts of Africa, and the effects of unregulated work hours in this part of the world have only been scantily documented. This study evaluated the work schedule of Nigerian surgical trainees, and its impact on their wellbeing, as well as assessed the perception of trainees towards capped duty hours. METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 650 Nigerian Resident Doctors in surgical specialties was conducted in November 2020. Enquiries were made about their work schedules using a purpose-designed questionnaire, developed using Google Forms®. The data were analysed using the IBM SPSS version 23. RESULTS The mean weekly work hours of surgical residents was 122.72 ± 34.17 h. Majority (228, 40.4%) of the residents had cumulative call hours of ≥ 72 h per week. One-half (283, 50.1%) of them worked continuously for up to 48-72 h during calls, with mean daily sleep hours of 3.53 ± 1.42 h during calls. The majority (558, 98.8%) of respondents had post-call clinical responsibilities. Seventy-five percent of the respondents reported hazards from prolonged work hours, and an overwhelming majority (530, 93.8%) desire official limits on work hours. CONCLUSION Prolonged, unregulated work schedules appear to be the norm among Nigerian surgical trainees. This trend calls for urgent measures, to avoid potentially catastrophic consequences on both physicians and patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akaninyene Eseme Ubom
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Chinedu Udochukwu Ndegbu
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, The Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Simon Adewale Balogun
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Samuel Chibuzo Ajekwu
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adebayo Moses Olugbami
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Olalekan Olasehinde
- Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.,Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Ibraheem Olayemi Awowole
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.,Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Perinatology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria
| | - Omotade Adebimpe Ijarotimi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.,Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Perinatology, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang N, Li Y, Wang Q, Lei C, Liu Y, Zhu S. Psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers in China Xi'an central hospital. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02028. [PMID: 33404205 PMCID: PMC7883135 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE COVID-19 significantly altered our routine, lifestyle, and stress level across the globe. This study investigated the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers in China Xi'an Center hospital. METHODS A modified online questionnaire of Psychological Status and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) was provided to 1,967 healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participation was voluntary, and the responses were anonymous. The survey lasted for 2 weeks, and the GHQ-12 was completed every other day. The data were collected automatically and electronically and then statistically analyzed. RESULTS The 431 (21.9%) responders included 214 nurses (49.7%), 146 clinicians (33.9%), 29 pharmacists (6.7%), 15 medical technicians (3.5%), 17 administrative staff (3.9%), and 10 other departments (2.3%). Of these, 46.2% had 10 years of work experiences or more and 78.2% were married. Work experience increased emotional stress as 23% of participants with 10 years or more of experience exhibited higher stress compared to those with fewer than 3 years of work experience (7.5%). Moreover, 33.3% of participants who worked in or were exposed to the affected areas of the pandemic experienced psychological stress. Overall, this study identified four factors that were significantly associated with psychological stress: (a) work experience (OR 2.99; 95% CI: 1.06 to 8.41); (b) change in job position (OR 1.99; 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.59); (c) change in lifestyle (OR 4.06; 95% CI: 1.81 to 9.10); and (d) need for psychological counseling (OR 3.07; 95% CI: 1.62 to 5.82). CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has increased psychological stress among healthcare workers with 10 years or more work experiences and who recently experienced a career position change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesXi’an Central HospitalXi’anShaanxiChina
| | - Yongqin Li
- Department of Infectious DiseasesXi’an Central HospitalXi’anShaanxiChina
| | - Qiaoxia Wang
- Department of Infectious DiseasesXi’an Central HospitalXi’anShaanxiChina
| | - Caihong Lei
- Department of Infectious DiseasesXi’an Central HospitalXi’anShaanxiChina
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesXi’an Central HospitalXi’anShaanxiChina
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- Department of Infectious DiseasesXi’an Central HospitalXi’anShaanxiChina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hussenoeder FS, Bodendieck E, Jung F, Conrad I, Riedel-Heller SG. Comparing burnout and work-life balance among specialists in internal medicine: the role of inpatient vs. outpatient workplace. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:5. [PMID: 33563299 PMCID: PMC7871630 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Compared to the general population, physicians are more likely to experience increased burnout and lowered work-life balance. In our article, we want to analyze whether the workplace of a physician is associated with these outcomes. Methods In September 2019, physicians from various specialties answered a comprehensive questionnaire. We analyzed a subsample of 183 internists that were working full time, 51.4% were female. Results Multivariate analysis showed that internists working in an outpatient setting exhibit significantly higher WLB and more favorable scores on all three burnout dimensions. In the regression analysis, hospital-based physicians exhibited higher exhaustion, cynicism and total burnout score as well as lower WLB. Conclusions Physician working at hospitals exhibit less favorable outcomes compared to their colleagues in outpatient settings. This could be a consequence of workplace-specific factors that could be targeted by interventions to improve physician mental health and subsequent patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix S Hussenoeder
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Erik Bodendieck
- General Practice, Dresdener Str. 34 a, 04808, Wurzen, Germany
| | - Franziska Jung
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ines Conrad
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffi G Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 55, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Workneh RS, Tuyishime E, Mumbwe M, Igaga EN, Bould MD. Not a "first world problem"-Care of the anesthetist in East and Southern Africa. Paediatr Anaesth 2021; 31:39-46. [PMID: 33124109 DOI: 10.1111/pan.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Burnout and related concepts such as resilience, wellness, and taking care of healthcare professionals have become increasingly prevalent in the medical literature. Most of the work in this area comes from high-income countries, with the remainder from upper-middle-income countries, and very little from lower-middle-income or low-income countries. Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly poorly represented in this body of literature. Anglo-American concepts are often applied to different jurisdictions without consideration of cultural and societal differences. However, anesthesia providers in this region have unique challenges, with both the highest burden of "surgical" disease in the world and the least resources, both in terms of human resources for health and in terms of essential drugs and equipment. The effect of burnout on healthcare systems is also likely to be very different with the current human resources for the health crisis in East and Central Africa. According to the Joint Learning Initiative Managing for Performance framework, the three essential factors for building a workforce to effectively support a healthcare system are coverage, competence, and motivation. Current efforts to build capacity in anesthesia in East and Southern Africa focus largely on coverage and competence, but neglect motivation at the risk of failing to support a sustainable workforce. In this paper, we include a review of the relevant literature, as well as draw from personal experience living and working in East and Southern Africa, to describe the unique issues surrounding burnout, resilience, and wellness in this region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mbangu Mumbwe
- Department of Anesthesia, Ndola Central Hospital, Ndola, Zambia
| | | | - M Dylan Bould
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Silveira FF, Borges LDO. Prevalência da Síndrome de Burnout entre Médicos Residentes. PSICOLOGIA: CIÊNCIA E PROFISSÃO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-3703003221076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Médicos residentes estão expostos aos estressores relacionados ao ensino e ao exercício profissional. Nesta pesquisa, objetivamos identificar a prevalência da síndrome de burnout entre os médicos residentes do Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (HC-UFMG) e explorar sua relação com aspectos sociodemográficos e ocupacionais. Dos médicos residentes, 273 responderam uma ficha sociodemográfica e ocupacional e o Inventário de Burnout de Maslach (MBI), desses, entrevistamos 13. Submetemos as respostas dos questionários à análise estatística e das entrevistas à análise de conteúdo. Encontramos alta exaustão emocional (68,1%), moderado ou alto cinismo (41,7%) e moderada ou alta ineficácia profissional (40,6%). Identificamos a presença de síndrome de burnout em 25,64% dos médicos residentes, além disso, encontramos relações de baixo poder explicativo com as variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais. Os resultados fortaleceram a necessidade de questionarmos as condições de trabalho dos médicos residentes, o papel das variáveis sociodemográficas e ocupacionais, da religiosidade e do processo de socialização organizacional no desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnout.
Collapse
|
17
|
Grech M. The Effect of the Educational Environment on the rate of Burnout among Postgraduate Medical Trainees - A Narrative Literature Review. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2021; 8:23821205211018700. [PMID: 34104789 PMCID: PMC8170339 DOI: 10.1177/23821205211018700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout among postgraduate medical trainees is common. It is a syndrome characterised by emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal accomplishment. Burnout is seen as an organisational problem rather than the result of an individual's ability to cope with the stress at work. The educational environment can play a pivotal role in the prevention of burnout among postgraduate medical trainees. This narrative literature review is aimed at assessing the effect of the educational environment on burnout in postgraduate doctors-in-training. METHODS A search of the databases Medline and PscyInfo for articles published between 2015 and 2020 was performed with the key words 'burnout' and 'educational environment' or 'clinical learning environment' or 'postgraduate medical education' or 'learning environment'. RESULTS A total of 27 studies were identified and reviewed by the author. The prevalence of burnout reported varied widely between studies, ranging from 10% to 62%. Many of the factors that contribute to burnout form part of the educational environment, for example, hours worked, mistreatment, harassment and perceptions of injustice. Residency itself is a stressful period wherein trainees have to balance their responsibilities towards their patients with their responsibilities at home, all while furthering their studies and taking on new responsibilities. Interventions to prevent burnout and tackle existing burnout are multiple but very little solid evidence exists to attest to their efficacy. More research is needed to identify the most effective ways to deal with burnout in postgraduate medical trainees.
Collapse
|
18
|
Dinibutun SR. Factors Associated with Burnout Among Physicians: An Evaluation During a Period of COVID-19 Pandemic. J Healthc Leadersh 2020; 12:85-94. [PMID: 32982532 PMCID: PMC7501950 DOI: 10.2147/jhl.s270440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence and extent of burnout among physicians and investigate the factors related with burnout and the influence of the fight against coronavirus (COVID-19) on the burnout syndrome. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was adopted and conducted on 200 actively working physicians in Izmir/Turkey. Personal Information Form and Maslach Burnout Inventory were used in the survey. RESULTS The findings showed that the emotional exhaustion level of the physicians was medium, the levels of depersonalization and personal accomplishment were low, and the level of total burnout was low. It was observed that the burnout levels of males and females, and married and single physicians were similar. The emotional exhaustion level of 18-23-year-old physicians was lower than the rest of the physicians. Physicians' level of satisfaction with their income is not effective on burnout. The burnout level of physicians who did not choose their profession willingly was determined to be higher than the burnout level of the physicians who chose their profession willingly. One important finding showed that the burnout level of physicians who actively involved in the fight against COVID-19 was lower than the burnout level of the physicians who did not actively involve in the fight against COVID-19. CONCLUSION Although the impact of some demographic variables, such as gender, marital status and satisfaction of income on burnout, was similar among the groups, total burnout level was lower in physicians who actively fought with the virus. This result may suggest that those physicians who were actively involved in the fight against COVID-19 had a high sense of meaningfulness of work which will result in high satisfaction with the work itself and, thus, creating less burnout. Also, they had a stronger feeling of personal accomplishment as they faced the immediate outcomes of their care for people infected by COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sait Revda Dinibutun
- HRM Department, American University of the Middle East, Kuwait City, Kuwait,Correspondence: Sait Revda Dinibutun American University of the Middle East, Block 6, Building 1, Egaila, Kuwait City, KuwaitTel +965 222 51 400Fax +965 222 51 425 Email
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nwosu ADG, Ossai EN, Mba UC, Anikwe I, Ewah R, Obande BO, Achor JU. Physician burnout in Nigeria: a multicentre, cross-sectional study. BMC Health Serv Res 2020; 20:863. [PMID: 32928201 PMCID: PMC7489005 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-020-05710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers are a burnout-prone occupational group and the prevalence is particularly high among physicians. With the prevailing low physician-patient ratio in Nigeria which has worsened with the recent wave of physician emigration, among other socio-economic constraints; a setting for high physician burnout may have been nurtured. Our survey set out to determine the prevalence of burnout among physicians practicing in Nigeria, ascertain the factors that were associated with the development of burnout and evaluate the respondents' perceived impact of physician burnout on patient safety. METHODS We used the Oldenburg burnout inventory as the measurement tool for burnout in the cross-sectional study conducted between November and December, 2019 among physicians in five tertiary health institutions in Nigeria. A 5- point Likert-type scale was used to evaluate the participants rating of their perceived impact of physician burnout on patient safety. Data entry and analysis were done using IBM Statistical package for social sciences software version 25 and the level of statistical significance was determined by a p value < 0.05. RESULTS The response rate was 61% (535/871), and burnout prevalence was 75.5% (404/535). Majority of the physicians (74.6%) perceive that physician burnout could impact patient safety. Physicians' professional grade, age and years in practice, but not specialty, gender or marital status were associated with the exhaustion domain, whereas only the physicians' age was associated with the disengagement domain of burnout. No socio-demographic or work-related characteristics determined overall burnout in our respondents. CONCLUSION Physician burnout in Nigeria is high and pervasive, and this should alert physicians to be wary of their general and mental health status. Public health policy should address this development which has implications for patient safety, physician safety and healthcare system performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arinze D G Nwosu
- Department of Anaesthesia, National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - Edmund N Ossai
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Uwakwe C Mba
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College Of Medicine, ESUTH, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ifeanyi Anikwe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Richard Ewah
- Department of Anaesthesia, FETHA, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Bernard O Obande
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Justin U Achor
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Stress and Wellbeing of Psychiatry Trainees: A Literature Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1195:117-126. [PMID: 32468466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32633-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Medical training in Australia has been clouded in recent times by media reporting on the tragic suicides of multiple trainees. This has brought attention to the stressful demands of the medical profession and the often-poor wellbeing of trainees, who must balance both study and work demands. Psychiatry trainees in particular face unique stressors in the workplace, being in a profession that carries a high emotional burden. Psychiatry trainees encounter suicides by patients and colleagues at an alarmingly high rate and commonly experience isolation, unrealistic workloads and stigma towards their chosen specialty. This literature review will highlight the extent to which these factors impact on psychiatry trainees. We will also explore the factors that contribute to their wellbeing, including the role of supervision, as well as leisurely and social activities. This review will look at the availability of these supports to psychiatry trainees and whether their lifestyles allow them time to spend on these activities. Though it is impossible to remove all stressors from psychiatry, interventions to improve trainee wellbeing must consider factors that improve resilience and support as well as target change to the culture in medicine that currently promotes stress and overwork. It must be recognised that trainees who feel supported and mentally well will perform better in the workplace in the long run, and, in this review, we will speculate about how workplace changes that are occurring for psychiatry trainees in Victoria, Australia, may affect their wellbeing.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou AY, Panagioti M, Esmail A, Agius R, Van Tongeren M, Bower P. Factors Associated With Burnout and Stress in Trainee Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2020; 3:e2013761. [PMID: 32809031 PMCID: PMC7435345 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.13761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Evidence suggests that physicians experience high levels of burnout and stress and that trainee physicians are a particularly high-risk group. Multiple workplace- and non-workplace-related factors have been identified in trainee physicians, but it is unclear which factors are most important in association with burnout and stress. Better understanding of the most critical factors could help inform the development of targeted interventions to reduce burnout and stress. OBJECTIVE To estimate the association between different stressors and burnout/stress among physicians engaged in standard postgraduate training (ie, trainee physicians). DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews from inception until April 30, 2019. Search terms included trainee, foundation year, registrar, resident, and intern. STUDY SELECTION Studies that reported associations between stressors and burnout/stress in trainee physicians. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of the evidence. The main meta-analysis was followed by sensitivity analyses. All analyses were performed using random-effects models, and heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES The main outcome was the association between burnout/stress and workplace- or non-workplace-related factors reported as odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% CIs. RESULTS Forty-eight studies were included in the meta-analysis (n = 36 266, median age, 29 years [range, 24.6-35.7 years]). One study did not specify participants' sex; of the total population, 18 781 participants (52%) were men. In particular, work demands of a trainee physician were associated with a nearly 3-fold increased odds for burnout/stress (OR, 2.84; 95% CI, 2.26-3.59), followed by concerns about patient care (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.58-3.50), poor work environment (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.57-2.70), and poor work-life balance (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.53-2.44). Perceived/reported poor mental or physical health (OR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.76-3.31), female sex (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.20-1.50), financial worries (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07-1.72), and low self-efficacy (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.31-3.46) were associated with increased odds for burnout/stress, whereas younger age and a more junior grade were not significantly associated. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The findings of this study suggest that the odds ratios for burnout and stress in trainee physicians are higher than those for work-related factors compared with nonmodifiable and non-work-related factors, such as age and grade. These findings support the need for organizational interventions to mitigate burnout in trainee physicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anli Yue Zhou
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panagioti
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Aneez Esmail
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Raymond Agius
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Martie Van Tongeren
- Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Bower
- National Institute for Health Research School for Primary Care Research, Division of Population Health, Health Services Research & Primary Care, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Strategies for mitigating burnout among early career doctors in Nigeria: lessons learnt from the qualitative CHARTING study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2478/gp-2020-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Early career doctors (ECDs) are faced with many challenges due to their transition from undergraduate medical/dental studentship to being postgraduate doctors and being in an early phase of their career. The specific factors that affect ECDs in their careers and endeavors at the workplace range from poor remuneration, particularly in developing countries, to psychosocial problems (such as burnout [BO] syndrome). There is a dearth of information on BO among ECDs in Nigeria. This qualitative study aims to explore the opinions of ECDs in Nigeria on the causal/predisposing factors of BO, effects of BO, and strategies for mitigating BO among ECDs in Nigeria.
Method
Using purposive sampling method, two sessions of focus group discussions (FGDs) involving 14 ECDs (key informants) holding key leadership positions and who were delegates of other ECDs in Nigeria were conducted to explore their experiences on psychological issues among ECDs. Data collected were transcribed and analyzed thematically.
Results
BO is an issue of serious concern among ECDs in Nigeria. The causes of BO are diverse, some of which include low staff strength, prolonged work hours, wrong counseling, lack of job description and specification, and abuse of powers by trainers. In order to mitigate the issue of BO among ECDs, the respondents recommended that work policy review, medical workforce strengthening, stakeholder dialog on ECDs’ welfare, regular psychological review of ECDs, and provision of free yearly medicals need to be looked into. Conclusion: Our findings revealed that the participants considered BO issues among ECDs to be common, and it affected their performance and the overall quality of care in Nigeria health system. Based on our findings, there is an urgent need to mitigate the problem of emotional exhaustion among ECDs in Nigeria.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Patient suicide is an adversity that can be considered an "occupational hazard." It has been identified as one of the most stressful adverse events during psychiatric training. The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature assessing the impact of patient suicide on trainees. METHODS We conducted a systematic review on the MEDLINE, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Studies that reported prevalence of patient suicide, quantitative or qualitative assessment of psychological and professional impacts, coping strategies, and support or educational and postvention programs were deemed eligible for inclusion. RESULTS Of the 1994 articles identified, 22 were included. The literature on the topic was scarce, and the quality of the studies was moderate. No article dealt with nonpsychiatric residents. During their training, 46.4% of psychiatric trainees encountered at least one patient suicide. The traumatic impact was significantly more intense in trainees compared to senior physicians. A negative impact on their professional practice was reported by 17% to 39% of trainees. Formal institutional support for the affected trainees was described as having major shortcomings, and informal support from peers and families was reported as the most helpful response. However, 52% of impacted trainees considered encountering patient suicide a useful and beneficial experience. CONCLUSION The frequent posttraumatic symptoms and the negative professional consequences following patient suicide are worrying phenomena that highlight the need to improve suicide prevention and postvention programs during psychiatric training. Identifying trainees with personal vulnerability factors should be a major concern during the postvention process.
Collapse
|
24
|
Cheng MY, Neves SL, Rainwater J, Wang JZ, Davari P, Maverakis E, Rea M, Servis M, Nuovo J, Fazel N. Exploration of Mistreatment and Burnout Among Resident Physicians: a Cross-Specialty Observational Study. MEDICAL SCIENCE EDUCATOR 2020; 30:315-321. [PMID: 34457673 PMCID: PMC8368104 DOI: 10.1007/s40670-019-00905-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Resident physician mistreatment and burnout are widespread issues in medical training, but the association between the two remains unclear. This study examines the prevalence and types of mistreatment among resident physicians in core specialties and its association with burnout syndrome as well as feelings of depression/anxiety. METHODS A cross-sectional, survey-based observational study of medical residents was conducted at the University of California, Davis Medical Center in 2014. Current residents (PGY2 or higher) in the internal medicine, family medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, surgery, and pediatrics programs completed anonymous questionnaires addressing topics such as workplace mistreatment, feelings of depression/anxiety, and stress management. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. RESULTS Forty-four out of 105 residents (41.9%) witnessed mistreatment of their co-residents while 26 residents (24.8%) disclosed personal accounts of mistreatment. Seventy-one percent of residents met the criteria for burnout. Residents who had been personally mistreated were almost eight times more likely to report burnout (OR 7.6, 95% CI = 1.7-34.4) and almost four times more likely to report symptoms of anxiety and depression (OR 3.8, 95% CI = 1.6-9.1). Public belittlement or humiliation was the most common type of mistreatment. CONCLUSION Encountering mistreatment was associated with higher rates of burnout, as well as depression/anxiety. While it is uncertain if mistreatment in the workplace has a causative impact on burnout syndrome, the findings reveal the need to address work-related environmental factors that may contribute to both resident physician mistreatment and burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Y. Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
| | - Stacey L. Neves
- Schools of Health, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Julie Rainwater
- Evaluation Unit for Schools of Health, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Jenny Z. Wang
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Parastoo Davari
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
| | - Emanual Maverakis
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
| | - Margaret Rea
- Student Wellness, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Mark Servis
- Medical Education, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Jim Nuovo
- Graduate Medical Education, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Nasim Fazel
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Adebayo O, Eze U, Tolani M, Adeniyi M, Ogbonna V, Isokariari O, Martin CI, Kanmodi K, Abdulraheem K, Egbuchulem I, Yahya A, Oduyemi I, Nwatah V, Grillo E, Babalola R, Efosa I, Lawal Q, Alatishe T, Buowari D, Ariyo O, Mosanya U, Adeyemi T, Ogunsuji O, Agaja O, Williams A, Obazenu L, Sokomba A, Olaopa O, Durowade K, Ilesanmi O, Collaboration Network RCN OBOR. Challenges of residency training and early career doctors in Nigeria Phase II: Update on objectives, design, and rationale of study. NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/njm.njm_137_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
26
|
Hariharan TS, Griffin B. A review of the factors related to burnout at the early-career stage of medicine. MEDICAL TEACHER 2019; 41:1380-1391. [PMID: 31345077 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2019.1641189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Background: Globally, burnout is an increasingly prevalent problem amongst young medical professionals. This review aims to understand the factors related to burnout in the early-career stage of medicine. Drawing on the widely used Job Demands-Resources Model, the antecedents of burnout were distinguished from its outcomes.Methods: The review adopted the PRISMA guidelines. Using specific search terms, peer-reviewed articles were obtained from a range of databases and assessed against selection criteria. To meet inclusion requirements, the study had to be published between 2000 and 2018, include a validated measure of burnout, and undertake empirical assessment of factors related to burnout in medical students and/or junior medical officers/residents. Additional studies were obtained and reviewed from the reference lists of selected articles.Results: Out of the 3796 studies that were initially found, 585 were assessed against the eligibility criteria leaving 113 studies for review. These studies highlighted the negative consequences of burnout in the early medical career. Also identified were work-specific and person-specific demands that likely lead to burnout and, work and person resources that appear to reduce burnout.Conclusion: This review provides a framework to explain the growing problem of burnout amongst early-career medical professionals. However, further research is necessary to overcome the current reliance on cross-sectional designs and small sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Griffin
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dubale BW, Friedman LE, Chemali Z, Denninger JW, Mehta DH, Alem A, Fricchione GL, Dossett ML, Gelaye B. Systematic review of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1247. [PMID: 31510975 PMCID: PMC6737653 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7566-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is characterized by physical and emotional exhaustion from long-term exposure to emotionally demanding work. Burnout affects interpersonal skills, job performance, career satisfaction, and psychological health. However, little is known about the burden of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Relevant articles were identified through a systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), and PsycINFO (EBSCO). Studies were selected for inclusion if they examined a quantitative measure of burnout among healthcare providers in sub-Saharan Africa. RESULTS A total of 65 articles met our inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Previous studies have examined burnout in sub-Saharan Africa among physicians (N = 12 articles), nurses (N = 26), combined populations of healthcare providers (N = 18), midwives (N = 2), and medical or nursing students (N = 7). The majority of studies assessed burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The highest levels of burnout were reported among nurses, although all healthcare providers showed high burnout. Burnout among healthcare providers is associated with their work environments, interpersonal and professional conflicts, emotional distress, and low social support. CONCLUSIONS Available studies on this topic are limited by several methodological challenges. More rigorously designed epidemiologic studies of burnout among healthcare providers are warranted. Health infrastructure improvements will eventually be essential, though difficult to achieve, in under-resourced settings. Programs aimed at raising awareness and coping with burnout symptoms through stress management and resilience enhancement trainings are also needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benyam W Dubale
- Department of Psychiatry, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lauren E Friedman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Kresge 505, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Zeina Chemali
- The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Benson Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John W Denninger
- Benson Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darshan H Mehta
- Benson Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Atalay Alem
- Department of Psychiatry, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gregory L Fricchione
- The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Benson Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle L Dossett
- Benson Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Kresge 505, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,The Chester M. Pierce, M.D. Division of Global Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Talib Z. Postgraduate Medical Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review Spanning 26 Years and Lessons Learned. J Grad Med Educ 2019; 11:34-46. [PMID: 31428258 PMCID: PMC6697307 DOI: 10.4300/jgme-d-19-00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Investments in training physician specialists through postgraduate medical education (PGME) are critical for Sub-Saharan Africa, given the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this scoping review were to (1) understand the breadth of publications on PGME from Sub-Saharan Africa, and (2) conduct a thematic analysis of lessons learned by specific training programs. METHODS We conducted a literature search of 7 databases for PGME literature published between January 1991 and December 2016. Two reviewers independently reviewed titles and abstracts for inclusion. Full-text articles were then reviewed, and bibliometric data were extracted to create a profile of PGME-related publications. Two authors coded the manuscripts to identify articles written about specific PGME programs. These were analyzed for lessons learned. RESULTS We identified 813 publications that reported on postgraduate medical education in Sub-Saharan Africa. Most articles were published between 2005 and 2016. Nations leading in publication were South Africa and Nigeria, followed by Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, Ghana, and Malawi. The largest number of articles related to general surgery training, followed by family medicine, emergency medicine, and anesthesiology. Thematic analysis revealed advantages of training programs for health facilities, challenges related to teaching, resourcing, and standardizing of training, and lessons learned related to international partnerships, faculty engagement, and research support for trainees. CONCLUSIONS PGME in Sub-Saharan Africa has evolved over the past 26 years. Future growth will require strategic support to scale programs, support new specialties, trainees, and teachers, and leverage best practice models to sustain PGME programs.
Collapse
|
29
|
Idowu BM. Postgraduate radiology education in Nigeria: Looking backward and forward. SA J Radiol 2018; 22:1362. [PMID: 31754507 PMCID: PMC6837810 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v22i1.1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Formal postgraduate radiology education (residency training) in Nigeria commenced in 1976 at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State. Currently, two postgraduate medical colleges (one national and the other international or regional) are saddled with the responsibility of superintending the training programme. This is a chronicle of the evolution of radiology in Nigeria with emphasis on the current status of the training programme and areas that require improvement. Though the programme has delivered a quality healthcare workforce for the country and the international community since inception, significant but surmountable difficulties still exist. It is hoped that all stakeholders and policy-makers will take note and safeguard the future of the specialty.
Collapse
|
30
|
Margiotta F, Crudden G, Byrne D, Doherty AM. Prevalence and co-variates of burnout in consultant hospital doctors: burnout in consultants in Ireland Study (BICDIS). Ir J Med Sci 2018; 188:355-364. [PMID: 30128933 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-018-1886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Burnout is prevalent among doctors and affects the quality of patient care. Little research on burnout in consultant-level doctors has been done. The objective of this study was to measure burnout in the hospital consultant population in Ireland. METHODS Surveys were distributed to consultants in Ireland from September to December 2016. The anonymous online survey combined demographic questions and the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey. RESULTS Four hundred seventy-seven (22%) consultants completed the survey. Of these, 42% reported high levels of burnout. We found that face-to-face contact with patients, specialty, exercise, remuneration and type of contract influenced burnout levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that over 40% of the consultants studied are affected by burnout. This finding raises concerns for patient safety and standard of care as well as doctors well-being. Interventions to address and minimise burnout are important to guarantee high patient outcomes and retain medical staff.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Margiotta
- Department of Psychiatry, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland.
| | - Genevieve Crudden
- Department of Psychiatry, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dara Byrne
- Department of Psychiatry, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland.,National University Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Anne M Doherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland.,National University Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hameed TK, Masuadi E, Al Asmary NA, Al-Anzi FG, Al Dubayee MS. A study of resident duty hours and burnout in a sample of Saudi residents. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2018; 18:180. [PMID: 30071835 PMCID: PMC6090868 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-018-1300-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work hour restrictions in residency programs have been implemented over the last several decades in Europe, USA, and Canada. To best of our knowledge, there is no study of resident duty hours in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. In addition, few studies have looked at the prevalence of burnout amongst Saudi residents. The present study explored resident duty hours and burnout amongst residents in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A paper-based questionnaire was designed to survey resident duty hours in Saudi Arabia and was administered along with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The questionnaires were administered to residents in medical and surgical residency programs at King Abdulaziz Medical City-Riyadh and two hospitals in Buraidah, Qassim Province. RESULTS A total of 181 residents from the three hospitals participated in the survey. In terms of average number of work hours per week, 50% of all residents reported working 60-79 h while 30% reported working 80 or more hours per week. The prevalence of burnout was 81%. There was no association between higher number of working hours and the prevalence of burnout. CONCLUSION This was the first study describing resident duty hours and exploring the relationship between duty hours and burnout in Saudi Arabia. Our main findings were that the majority of residents work 60 or more hours per week, and there was a very high degree of burnout amongst residents. A larger multi-centre study of resident duty hours and its effect on patient safety and resident well-being is needed to develop work hour regulations in Saudi Arabia. In addition, there is an urgent need to develop programs that address resident burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Kamal Hameed
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Masuadi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nejoud Ali Al Asmary
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Saleh Al Dubayee
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children’s Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426 Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sreelatha P, Premlal L, Ryali VSSR. Burnout and coping strategies among residents of a private medical college in South India: A cross-sectional study. Ind Psychiatry J 2018; 27:213-218. [PMID: 31359974 PMCID: PMC6592214 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_53_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is evident in various professions increasingly so in the health-care field, where doctors are involved with direct interactions with dependent patients. Burnout is evident even in residents due to working in demanding and testing conditions which has a negative influence not only on their profession, but also patient care. AIMS (1) To measure the levels of burnout among the residents and (2) to assess the relationship between severity of burnout and coping strategies. SETTINGS AND DESIGN It is cross-sectional observational study set in a private medical college with residency program. MATERIALS AND METHODS Online self-administered questionnaire was sent to all residents, out of these, 100 residents consented and completely filled the questionnaires and were included in the analysis with a response rate of 55.6%. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Brief COPE. RESULTS Residents who reported burnout as high in two dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are 31.82%. The 2nd year residents scored high on burnout measures when compared to 1st and 3rd year residents. It was observed that as the degree of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization increased from low to high, the frequency of the maladaptive coping strategies also increased. CONCLUSION Based on these findings it can be concluded that burnout is frequent in residents. Further research is essential to identify the factors that contribute to burnout in residents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P. Sreelatha
- PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Liji Premlal
- PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - V. S. S. R. Ryali
- PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lundin RM, Bashir K, Bullock A, Kostov CE, Mattick KL, Rees CE, Monrouxe LV. "I'd been like freaking out the whole night": exploring emotion regulation based on junior doctors' narratives. ADVANCES IN HEALTH SCIENCES EDUCATION : THEORY AND PRACTICE 2018; 23:7-28. [PMID: 28315113 PMCID: PMC5801373 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-017-9769-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of emotions within medical practice is well documented. Research suggests that how clinicians deal with negative emotions can affect clinical decision-making, health service delivery, clinician well-being, attentiveness to patient care and patient satisfaction. Previous research has identified the transition from student to junior doctor (intern) as a particularly challenging time. While many studies have highlighted the presence of emotions during this transition, how junior doctors manage emotions has rarely been considered. We conducted a secondary analysis of narrative data in which 34 junior doctors, within a few months of transitioning into practice, talked about situations for which they felt prepared or unprepared for practice (preparedness narratives) through audio diaries and interviews. We examined these data deductively (using Gross' theory of emotion regulation: ER) and inductively to answer the following research questions: (RQ1) what ER strategies do junior doctors describe in their preparedness narratives? and (RQ2) at what point in the clinical situation are these strategies narrated? We identified 406 personal incident narratives: 243 (60%) contained negative emotion, with 86 (21%) also containing ER. Overall, we identified 137 ER strategies, occurring prior to (n = 29, 21%), during (n = 74, 54%) and after (n = 34, 25%) the situation. Although Gross' theory captured many of the ER strategies used by junior doctors, we identify further ways in which this model can be adapted to fully capture the range of ER strategies participants employed. Further, from our analysis, we believe that raising medical students' awareness of how they can handle stressful situations might help smooth the transition to becoming a doctor and be important for later practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran Bashir
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | - Alison Bullock
- School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, UK
| | | | - Karen L Mattick
- Centre for Research in Professional Learning, Graduate School of Education, University of Exeter, England, UK
| | - Charlotte E Rees
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lynn V Monrouxe
- Chang Gung Medical Education Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, No.5, Fuxing St., Guishan District, Taoyuan City, 33305, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Farquhar J, Lie D, Chan A, Ow M, Vidyarthi A. Understanding Medical Students' Experience with Stress and Its Related Constructs: A Focus Group Study from Singapore. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2018; 42:48-57. [PMID: 28421479 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-017-0703-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to protect medical students from burnout and its untoward psychiatric effects, it is imperative to understand their stress, burnout, coping, and resilience experiences. This study aimed to derive collective definitions from the medical student perspective, to identify common themes of students' experiences, and to distinguish pre-clinical and clinical year students' experiences relating to these four constructs. METHODS The authors conducted focus groups of medical students in Singapore across 4 years using a semi-structured question guide. Participants shared their understanding, experiences, and the relationships between stress, burnout, coping, and resilience. Coders independently evaluated construct definitions and derived common themes through an iterative process, and compared transcripts of pre-clinical and clinical year students to determine differences in experience over time. RESULTS Nine focus groups (54 students, 28 females, mean age 24.3) were conducted. Students identified common definitions for each construct. Nine themes emerged within three domains: (1) relating constructs to personal experience, (2) interrelating stress, burnout, coping, and resilience, and (3) understanding the necessity of stress. Compared to clinical students, pre-clinical students reported theory-based rather than reality-based experiences and exam-induced stress, defined constructs using present rather than future situations, and described constructs as independent rather than interrelated. CONCLUSIONS This sample of medical students in Singapore shares a common understanding of stress, burnout, coping, and resilience, but experiences these uniquely. They perceive a positive role for stress. These findings build upon prior literature, suggesting an interrelationship between stress and its related constructs and adding the novel perspective of students from an Asian country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Desiree Lie
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | - Mandy Ow
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
It is estimated that 40% to 75% of obstetricians and gynecologists currently suffer from professional burnout, making the lifetime risk a virtual certainty. Although these statistics make for a dismal view of the profession, if the causes and symptoms can be identified simple steps can be implemented to reverse the threat. With a little care, the enjoyment of practice can be restored and the sense of reward and the value of service can be returned.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger P Smith
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, BC-71, Room 337, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wolfe KK, Unti SM. Critical care rotation impact on pediatric resident mental health and burnout. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2017; 17:181. [PMID: 28982349 PMCID: PMC5629778 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-017-1021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout and depression are common among medical trainees and intensive care unit providers, negatively impacting both providers and patients. We hypothesized that at the end of the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) rotation, there would be an increased prevalence of depression and burnout in pediatric residents when compared to the beginning. METHODS Pediatric residents were assessed prior to and following their PICU rotation using the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Screen and a survey assessing positive and negative aspects of the rotation. RESULTS Sixty residents were eligible to participate and initial response rate was 40%. The prevalence of positive depression screen increased from 4% to 41% during the PICU rotation. Regarding burnout, the prevalence of residents meeting criteria for emotional exhaustion increased from 41% to 59% and depersonalization increased from 41% to 53%. Fewer residents had low personal accomplishment scores at the end of the rotation, 13% to 0%. Autonomy, procedural opportunities, and interactions with non-trainee PICU providers were commonly cited negative aspects of the rotation. Resident education, patient acuity, and nursing-integrated rounding were consistently rated positively. CONCLUSION Compared to the beginning, at the end of the PICU rotation there is a significantly higher prevalence of depression, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization among pediatric residents. Pediatric residents may have a more favorable PICU experience if they feel involved in procedural aspects of patient care, are allowed more autonomy in decision making, and there is a continued focus on resident education and team-based care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie K. Wolfe
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, McGaw Medical Center/Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Sharon M. Unti
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, McGaw Medical Center/Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 225 E. Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Fadipe B, Oyelohunnu MA, Olagunju AT, Aina OF, Akinbode AA, Suleiman TF. Disordered eating attitudes: demographic and clinico-anthropometric correlates among a sample of Nigerian students. Afr Health Sci 2017; 17:513-523. [PMID: 29062348 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v17i2.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We set out in this study to determine the demographic and clinico-anthropometric correlates of disordered eating attitudes among undergraduate students of two higher institutions in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 1,054 participants after written informed consent. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) and 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were administered to the participants. In addition, their blood pressure, height and weight were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. RESULTS The study participants comprised of 561(55.6%) males with median age of 21.4 years. The mean (±SD) score on EAT-26 was 11.52(±8.54), and 16% of all the respondents were categorized as having disordered eating attitude. A significant relationship was found between disordered eating attitude and age (p= 0.027), gender (p= <0.001), institution of study (p= 0.005), systolic blood pressure (p=0.019), BMI (p= 0.027) and psychological distress (p=0.005). CONCLUSION Our study observed disordered eating attitude to be prevalent among young adults, and demographic along with clinico-anthropometric factors constituted associated factors. Our findings strengthen the basis to incorporate health awareness programs aimed at improving nutrition and eating behavior among the young adult population. Future research is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde Fadipe
- Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, PMB12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Andrew Toyin Olagunju
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, PMB12003, Lagos, Nigeria
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide Health and Medical Sciences Building, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Olatunji Francis Aina
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Psychiatry, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, PMB12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Erinfolami AR, Olagunju AT, Oshodi YO, Akinbode AA, Fadipe B, Adeyemo WL. Psychological Distress and Emotional Pain Among Adult Attendees of a Dental Clinic: A Case-Control Study. Ment Illn 2016; 8:6006. [PMID: 27403272 PMCID: PMC4926031 DOI: 10.4081/mi.2016.6006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We set out to carry out a case-control evaluation of psychological distress and emotional pain among adult attendees of a Nigerian dental clinic. A total of 201 subjects, made up of 101 dental patients (test group) matched with age and sex with 100 normal subjects (controls), was recruited into the study. All participants completed a designed socio-demographic questionnaire. General Health Question naire and Psyche ache Assessment Schedule were also administered to assess psychological distress based on cut-off scores ≥3 and emotional pain based on cut-off scores ≥28 respectively. The mean ages of study and control group were 33 (±12) and 36 (±13) years respectively, and both study and control groups were not significantly different in all the assessed socio-demographic parameters. Overall, 21.8% (n=22) of the subjects had psychological distress, while only 7% of the control group had psychological distress. This difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). Similarly, there was significant difference in the experience of psyche ache (unbearable psychological pain) as over a third of the dental patients (37.6%, n=38) had emotional pain, while only 13% of the controls experienced psych ache (P<0.001). In this study, the burden of psychological distress and emotional pain was many-fold in dental patients when compared with the controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Babatunde Fadipe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos , Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lin CC, Lin BYJ, Lin CD. Influence of clerks' personality on their burnout in the clinical workplace: a longitudinal observation. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2016; 16:30. [PMID: 26818034 PMCID: PMC4730758 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-016-0553-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical training of medical students in clerkship is crucial to their future practice in healthcare services. This study investigates burnout during a 2-year clerkship training period as well as the role of personality traits on burnout during training. METHODS Ninety-four clerks at a tertiary medical centre who provided at least 10 responses to a routine survey on clinical rotation were included in this study, which spanned September 2013 to April 2015. Web-based, validated, structured, self-administered questionnaires were used to evaluate the clerks' personalities at the beginning of the first clerkship year, and regular surveys were conducted to evaluate their burnout at each clinical specialty rotation throughout the 2-year clerkship period. Overall, 2230 responses were analysed, and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine the repeated measures of the clerks. RESULTS Our findings revealed that medical student burnout scores were lower in the second year than they were in the first year of clerkships. Using the Big Five personality factors, all of the propensities, namely extroversion, agreeableness, consciousness, emotional stability, and openness were related to different extents of burnout reduction in the first clerkship year (P < .05). However, only emotional stability and openness were related to clerks' reduced burnout in the second clerkship year. Furthermore, being female, older, and with accompanied living were more closely related to lower burnout compared with being male, younger, and living alone throughout the clerkship period. CONCLUSIONS The students in the first-year clerkship, particularly those with higher burnout levels, had tendencies in the Big Five personality characteristics, exhibiting higher levels of introversion, antagonism, lack of direction, neuroticism, and not open to new experiences. The students in the second-year clerkship who do not exhibit a high propensity for emotional stability and openness should be of particular concern. The findings can serve as a reference for clinical teachers and mentors to effectively prevent and reduce the burnout of medical students during clerkship training at clinical workplaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung, 413, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Blossom Yen-Ju Lin
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Chia-Der Lin
- Department of Education, Department of Otolaryngology, China Medical University Hospital, No.2, Yude Road, Taichung, 404, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liang Y, Wang H, Tao X. Quality of life of young clinical doctors in public hospitals in China's developed cities as measured by the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Int J Equity Health 2015; 14:85. [PMID: 26400673 PMCID: PMC4581107 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-015-0199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contemporary Chinese society, obstacles such as frequent violence against medical workers and tense doctor-patient relationships affect the health of Chinese doctors. This study attempted to explore the quality of life (QOL) of young clinical doctors in public hospitals in China's developed cities to study the psychometric properties of QOL and related risk factors of doctors' health. METHODS This study sampled young doctors aged 15-45 in 18 public hospitals of three cities in East China (Shanghai, Nanjing, and Hangzhou, N = 762). The Nottingham Health Profile was used to measure QOL, the dependent variable of this study. Methodologies such as reliability analysis, mean comparison, and exploratory factor analysis were used to study related psychometric properties. RESULTS Almost 90 % of young Chinese clinical doctors have a bachelor's degree or above. Approximately 70.4 % of the doctors have relatively low job titles. Among the sample, 76.1 % have a monthly income ranging from USD 326 to USD 1139, and 91.3 % work over eight hours daily. These respondents have poor sleeping habits and mental functions, but have relatively good physical functions. Being female, low education, low job title, low salary, and long work hours are factors associated with doctors' poor QOL. Regression analysis results emphasize the great effect of high education on the improvement of QOL. CONCLUSIONS Young clinical doctors in public hospitals in Chinese developed cities have poor QOL. Reforms on the current medical health system, improving the working environment of doctors and relieve their occupational stress should be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- Department of Social Work and Social Policy, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hanwei Wang
- School of Fine Arts, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaojun Tao
- College of Cultural Industries of Nanjing Art Institute, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kawada T. GHQ-12 as a predictor of burnout with emotional exhaustion in resident doctors. Asian J Psychiatr 2015; 15:77-8. [PMID: 26013670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kawada
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|