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Kim K, Yoon Y, Shin S. Explainable prediction of problematic smartphone use among South Korea's children and adolescents using a Machine learning approach. Int J Med Inform 2024; 186:105441. [PMID: 38564961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Korea is known for its technological prowess, has the highest smartphone ownership rate in the world at 95%, and the smallest gap in smartphone ownership between generations. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, problematic smartphone use is becoming more prevalent among Korean children and adolescent owing to limited school attendance and outdoor activities, resulting in increased reliance on smartphones. 40.1% of adolescents are classified as high-risk, with only the adolescent group showing a persistent rise year after year. OBJECTIVE The study purpose is to present data-driven analysis results for predicting and preventing smartphone addiction in Korea, where problematic smartphone use is severe. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS To predict the risk of problematic smartphone use in Korean children and adolescents at an early stage, we used data collected from the Smartphone Overdependence Survey conducted by the National Information Society Agency between 2017 and 2021. Eight representative machine and deep learning algorithms were used to predict groups at high risk for smartphone addiction: Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM), extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light GBM, Categorical Boosting, Multilayer Perceptron, and Convolutional Neural Network. RESULTS The XGBoost ensemble algorithm predicted 87.60% of participants at risk of future problematic smartphone usebased on precision. Our results showed that prolonged use of games, webtoons/web novels, and e-books, which have not been found in previous studies, further increased the risk of problematic smartphone use. CONCLUSIONS Artificial intelligence algorithms have potential predictive and explanatory capabilities for identifying early signs of problematic smartphone use in adolescents and young children. We recommend that a variety of healthy, beneficial, and face-to-face activities be offered as alternatives to smartphones for leisure and play culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungwon Kim
- School of International Trade and Business, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoewon Yoon
- Department of Social Welfare, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Soomin Shin
- Department of Social Service, Social Welfare Major, Yuhan University, Bucheon 14780, Republic of Korea.
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Al-Mamun F, Hasan ME, Mostofa NB, Akther M, Mashruba T, Arif M, Chaahat AH, Salam AB, Akter M, Abedin MAA, Bulbul MIA, Adnan MS, Islam MS, Ahmed MS, Shahin MSM, Islam S, Hussain MM, Al Habib A, ALmerab MM, Gozal D, Muhit M, Roy N, Mamun MA. Prevalence and factors associated with digital addiction among students taking university entrance tests: a GIS-based study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:322. [PMID: 38664623 PMCID: PMC11044373 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The surge in digital media consumption, coupled with the ensuing consequences of digital addiction, has witnessed a rapid increase, particularly after the initiation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite some studies exploring specific technological addictions, such as internet or social media addiction, in Bangladesh, there is a noticeable gap in research focusing on digital addiction in a broader context. Thus, this study aims to investigate digital addiction among students taking the university entrance test, examining its prevalence, contributing factors, and geographical distribution using GIS techniques. METHODS Data from a cross-sectional survey were collected from a total of 2,157 students who were taking the university entrance test at Jahangirnagar University, Bangladesh. A convenience sampling method was applied for data collection using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 25 Version and AMOS 23 Version, whereas ArcGIS 10.8 Version was used for the geographical distribution of digital addiction. RESULTS The prevalence of digital addiction was 33.1% (mean score: 16.05 ± 5.58). Those students who are attempting the test for a second time were more likely to be addicted (42.7% vs. 39.1%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Besides, the potential factors predicted for digital addiction were student status, satisfaction with previous mock tests, average monthly expenditure during the admission test preparation, and depression. No significant difference was found between digital addiction and districts. However, digital addiction was higher in the districts of Manikganj, Rajbari, Shariatpur, and Chittagong Hill Tract areas, including Rangamati, and Bandarban. CONCLUSIONS The study emphasizes the pressing need for collaborative efforts involving educational policymakers, institutions, and parents to address the growing digital addiction among university-bound students. The recommendations focus on promoting alternative activities, enhancing digital literacy, and imposing restrictions on digital device use, which are crucial steps toward fostering a healthier digital environment and balanced relationship with technology for students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoj Al-Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
- Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Emran Hasan
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Software College, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nahida Bintee Mostofa
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Marzia Akther
- Department of Geography and Environment, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Arif
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Ayurvedic Medicine, Institute of Teaching & Research in Ayurveda, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Amatul Haque Chaahat
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Dental Unit, Sir Salimullah Medical College, Mitford, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anha Bushra Salam
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Maksuda Akter
- Department of Marketing, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Imtiaj Ahmad Bulbul
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shoeb Adnan
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology, Bangladesh University of Professionals, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiul Islam
- Department of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Shauda Ahmed
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sultan Mahmud Shahin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Administration, Begum Rokeya University, Rangpur, Bangladesh
| | - Mumtaz Mohammed Hussain
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Habib
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Government and Politics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Moneerah Mohammad ALmerab
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - David Gozal
- Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, 25701, Huntington, WV, USA.
| | - Mohammad Muhit
- Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nitai Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Chowdhury AH, Rad D, Rahman MS. Predicting anxiety, depression, and insomnia among Bangladeshi university students using tree-based machine learning models. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2037. [PMID: 38650723 PMCID: PMC11033350 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Mental health problem is a rising public health concern. People of all ages, specially Bangladeshi university students, are more affected by this burden. Thus, the objective of the study was to use tree-based machine learning (ML) models to identify major risk factors and predict anxiety, depression, and insomnia in university students. Methods A social media-based cross-sectional survey was employed for data collection. We used Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI-7) scale for measuring students' anxiety, depression and insomnia problems. The tree-based supervised decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and robust eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) ML algorithms were used to build the prediction models and their predictive performance was evaluated using confusion matrix and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Of the 1250 students surveyed, 64.7% were male and 35.3% were female. The students' ages ranged from 18 to 26 years old, with an average age of 22.24 years (SD = 1.30). Majority of the students (72.6%) were from rural areas and social media addicted (56.6%). Almost 83.3% of the students had moderate to severe anxiety, 84.7% had moderate to severe depression and 76.5% had moderate to severe insomnia problems. Students' social media addiction, age, academic performance, smoking status, monthly family income and morningness-eveningness are the main risk factors of anxiety, depression and insomnia. The highest predictive performance was observed from the XGBoost model for anxiety, depression and insomnia. Conclusion The study findings offer valuable insights for stakeholders, families and policymakers enabling a more profound comprehension of the pressing mental health disorders. This understanding can guide the formulation of improved policy strategies, initiatives for mental health promotion, and the development of effective counseling services within university campus. Additionally, our proposed model might play a critical role in diagnosing and predicting mental health problems among Bangladeshi university students and similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana Rad
- Center of Research Development and Innovation in PsychologyAurel Vlaicu University of AradAradRomania
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Cui J, Wang Y, Liu D, Yang H. Depression and stress are associated with latent profiles of problematic social media use among college students. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1306152. [PMID: 38098636 PMCID: PMC10720731 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1306152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The previous literature has demonstrated that depression, anxiety, and stress are significant predictors of problematic social media use. However, the manifestation of problematic social media use varies, and the predictive relationship between depression, anxiety, and stress with different subgroups of problematic social media use remains unclear. The aim of this research was to evaluate latent subgroups of problematic social media use among college students and to investigate the impact of depression, anxiety, and stress on these latent subgroups. Methods A survey was carried out among college students in China using a cross-sectional approach. A total of 955 participants were included, with a mean age of 19.50 ± 1.22 years. Participants completed questionnaires containing the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to investigate latent subgroups of Chinese college students with problematic social media use, and a robust three-step approach was used to develop predictive regression mixed models of depression, anxiety, and stress on latent subgroups. Results Problematic social media use of Chinese college students can be categorized into four latent subgroups, namely, the high-risk group, the moderate-risk with pleasure group, the moderate-risk with compulsion group, and the low-risk group. The regression model showed that there was a significant difference between the high-risk group and the low-risk group on the stress scale. There was a significant difference between the moderate-risk with pleasure group and the moderate-risk with compulsion group on the depression scale. Conclusion Problematic social media use is heterogeneous, with depression and stress being potentially key factors influencing problematic social media use. Depression would make college students more likely to be moderate-risk with compulsion problematic social media users than moderate-risk with pleasure problematic social media users, and stress would make college students more likely to be high-risk problematic social media users than low-risk problematic social media users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cui
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Faculty of Teacher Education, Zunyi Normal University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haibo Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students’ Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, China
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Swed S, Bohsas H, Alibrahim H, Rais MA, Elsayed M, Nashwan AJ, Hasan MM, Nour Nasif M, Sawaf B, Albuni MK, Battikh E, Abo Kash R, Shoib S. Internet Addiction and Depression among Syrian College Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. PSYCHIATRY INTERNATIONAL 2023; 4:275-285. [DOI: 10.3390/psychiatryint4030027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Problematic internet use (PIU) or internet addiction has become increasingly prevalent, and concerns about its impact on mental health and social functioning have grown. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PIU among Syrian university students and its relationship with their demographics, internet user behavior, and mental health. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students in Syrian government universities between 12 April and 29 May 2022. The survey included the Beck Depression Inventory and the Internet Addiction Scale. Results: Out of 2891 participants, 75.2% were female, with an average age of 21.87. The average Internet Addiction Test (IAT) score was 49.4, and the overall prevalence of PIU was 89%. Furthermore, 93.0% of participants displayed possible signs and symptoms of depression. PIU was significantly linked with physical abuse (p = 0.001) and mental stress (p = 0.0001). Internet addiction is (AOR:1.723, COR:2.289) fold more likely to occur in those with more than 8 h of sleep per night than in those who sleep for less than 6 h (p-value < 0.05). Unadjusted regression analysis showed that 13 predictors of the independent variables were statistically significant in predicting the presence of internet addiction, such as participants who suffered from a breakup (COR:2.039), domestic violence (COR:2.136), physical abuse (COR:2.190), or mental stress (COR:2.621) were more likely to be affected by internet addiction than those who did not (p-value < 0.05). Conclusions: The study found a high rate of internet addiction among Syrian medical students, with those experiencing mental health problems and depression symptoms more likely to be internet addicts. To prevent PIU, students should be encouraged to participate in extracurricular activities, such as sports, and awareness programs should be enhanced to highlight the negative effects of internet addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo 15310, Syria
| | - Haidara Bohsas
- Faculty of Medicine, Aleppo University, Aleppo 15310, Syria
| | | | - Mohammed Amir Rais
- Faculty of Medicine of Algiers, University of Algiers, Algiers 16000, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 12-14, 89075 Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
| | | | - Mohammad Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1980, Bangladesh
| | | | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Mhd Kutaiba Albuni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Elias Battikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar
| | - Rawan Abo Kash
- Faculty of Medicine, Damascus University, Damascus 30621, Syria
| | - Sheikh Shoib
- Department of Health Services, Srinagar 190001, India
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201306, India
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Zalewska A, Gałczyk M, Sobolewski M, Fernandes H. Internet Addiction and Physical Activity among Polish and Portuguese Students in the Final Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5204. [PMID: 37629246 PMCID: PMC10455946 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of Internet addiction and physical activity, as well as the relationship between internet addiction and physical activity, among Polish and Portuguese students in the final year of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A web-based online survey was conducted among students in Poland and Portugal (398 respondents) aged between 17 and 26 in October 2022. The level of internet addiction was assessed by the Kimberly Young questionnaire in Polish and in Portuguese. The level of physical activity was measured by the international physical activity questionnaire in Polish and in Portuguese. RESULTS In the study population, the majority of the respondents were mildly addicted to the internet. The average level of addiction was reported by 9.3-23.5% of the respondents. The average level of internet addiction was higher among Portuguese students and among men. Those who had suffered from COVID-19 (especially more than once) and were more physically active showed a higher tendency towards internet addiction. CONCLUSIONS Internet addiction is a problem that has to be monitored and given more attention, particularly among male students. The results presented provide the first statistical insight into the problem of internet addiction among students in both countries and form the basis for further studies. They also highlight the severity of the problem and point to the need for early preventive and protective interventions against problematic internet use. It appears that effective strategies should include promoting the benefits of physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zalewska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
| | - Monika Gałczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland;
| | - Marek Sobolewski
- Plant of Quantitative Methods, Rzeszow University of Technology, al. Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Hélder Fernandes
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
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Ye XL, Zhang W, Zhao FF. Depression and internet addiction among adolescents:A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2023; 326:115311. [PMID: 37348449 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Depression and Internet addiction (IA) are both prevalent and burdensome in adolescents. Findings on the relationship between depression and IA remain equivocal, and we therefore conducted a meta-analysis to confirm their correlation. We searched for relevant studies, with the last search being conducted on November 10, 2022. Adolescents aged 10 to 24 reported objectively measured depression and IA using scales that have been used worldwide and are valid. Random effect models were used to produce combined odds ratios (OR) and coefficient of regression (β) We included 42 studies presenting data from 102,769 participants. The meta-analysis confirmed that depression is positively correlated with IA and vice versa. Adolescents with depressive disorders were found to have a higher risk of IA. Adolescents with IA were found to have a higher risk of depressive disorders. In addition, IA had a stronger effect on depression risk. Screening for Internet addiction in depressed adolescents is recommended at initial diagnosis and follow-up. Similarly, Internet addicts should be screened regularly for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Ye
- Department of nursing, School of Medicine (School of Nursing), Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of nursing, School of Medicine (School of Nursing), Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Fang-Fang Zhao
- Department of nursing, School of Medicine (School of Nursing), Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Nuryana Z, Xu W, Kurniawan L, Sutanti N, Makruf SA, Nurcahyati I. Student stress and mental health during online learning: Potential for post-COVID-19 school curriculum development. COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2023; 14:100184. [PMID: 37038597 PMCID: PMC10066862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This article aims to analyze the trend of publications on student stress and mental health topics during online learning as well as the potential for post-COVID-19 curriculum development. 1456 articles were analyzed by the bibliometric method. Data were obtained from the Scopus database consisting of 1382 articles, 73 review articles, 1 conference article. Based on the analysis, Li X is the most productive author with 16 documents, while in terms of the number of citations, Wang C ranks first with 3897 citations. Meanwhile the most frequently used keywords were COVID-19 (n = 862), followed by stress (n = 312), mental health (n = 260), anxiety (n = 248), and depression (n = 214). These represent the trend of publications related to the topics discussed in 2020. Moreover, alternative research themes such as online learning, higher education, sleep, loneliness, perceived stress, insomnia, emotional intelligence, and psychological resilience can be further investigated in the future. This article recommends developing a curriculum that can accommodate various issues during COVID-19 and the changing learning climate after the pandemic. The potential for post-COVID-19 school curriculum development is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zalik Nuryana
- Department of Islamic Education, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia
| | - Wenbin Xu
- School of Education Science, Nanjing Normal University, China
| | - Luky Kurniawan
- Department of Guidance and Counseling, Universitas Mercu Buana Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Natri Sutanti
- Department of Educational Psychology and Guidance, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Syahdara Anisa Makruf
- Faculty of Business and Economics, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Indonesia
- UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Emotional Exhaustion and Engagement in Higher Education Students during a Crisis, Lessons Learned from COVID-19 Experience in Italian Universities. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci12020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Italian university students face an uncertain future characterised by a competitive neoliberal academic environment with high demands and a weak labour market that often cannot hire those who are best qualified. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated students’ uncertainty and negatively affected their well-being. The purpose of this study is to explore perceptions of academic life during the pandemic and to examine the relationship between study load, reduced academic performance, internet addiction, academic self-efficacy, and engagement and emotional exhaustion. A sample of university students (N = 10,298) from 11 Italian universities completed a self-report questionnaire about their academic and personal lives between May and June 2021. We performed two multiple linear regressions and one ANOVA to highlight gender differences. Results indicate that female students reported lower levels of engagement and academic self-efficacy, and higher levels of exhaustion and study demands compared to male students, while older students generally appear to exhibit higher levels of well-being. Study load, reduced academic performance, and internet addiction showed a negative association with engagement, particularly the first two, and a positive association with exhaustion, while self-efficacy was positively associated with engagement and negatively associated with exhaustion. The results suggest the need to introduce additional forms of support, such as psychological support, internet addiction awareness courses or counseling services.
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Sánchez-Fernández M, Borda-Mas M, Mora-Merchán J. Problematic internet use by university students and associated predictive factors: A systematic review. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sayeed A, Islam MS, Christopher E, Zubayer AA, Kundu S, Tariq MR, Sultana MS, Banna MHA, Rahman MH, Khan MSI, Hasan MT, Koly KN. Investigating problematic uses of Facebook and other Internet activities among university students in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1307. [PMID: 36693878 PMCID: PMC9871428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27394-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Problematic use of Internet (PUI) and problematic use of Facebook (PUF) has been linked to escalating behavioral health issues among university students and has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study estimated the prevalence of and explored associated factors for PUI and PUF among Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was undertaken among 1101 Bangladeshi university students between November and December 2020. The Internet Addiction Test and Facebook Addiction Scale were used to assess PIU and PUF, respectively. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to adjust for confounders. Among the participants, PUI and PUF were found in 39.3% and 37.1%, respectively. The multiple linear regression model indicated PUI was significantly associated with participants residing in a village, arts majors, those unsatisfied with their major, having mediocre parental relationships, failure in romantic relationships, physical comorbidities, longer use of the Internet, using the Internet for purposes other than education, using social media, and downloading movies/TV series. PUF was significantly associated with village residence, lower income, arts majors, failure in romantic relationships, longer use of the Internet, using the Internet for purposes other than education, and downloading movies/TV series. Both PUI and PUF have been prevalent among Bangladeshi university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Longitudinal & exploratory studies are warranted in the future to identify causal factors for PUI and PUF and appropriate interventions should be designed quickly for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Sayeed
- Department of Post-Harvest Technology and Marketing, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. .,Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | | | | | - Satyajit Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.,Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Raihan Tariq
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Sadia Sultana
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Hafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sanitation, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.,International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam Khan
- Department of Food Microbiology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - M Tasdik Hasan
- Action Lab, Department of Human Centred Computing, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Public Health, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Primary Care & Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kamrun Nahar Koly
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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12
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Tekin C, Kılıç Z. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on health-promoting lifestyle behaviors: A cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2023. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-6189.369073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
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13
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Yue Y, Aibao Z, TingHao T. The interconnections among the intensity of social network use, anxiety, smartphone addiction and the parent-child relationship of adolescents: A moderated mediation effect. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2022; 231:103796. [PMID: 36395742 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2022.103796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the mediation role of smartphone addiction on the relationship between parent-child relationships and the intensity of use of social network sites (SNSs), as well as the moderation effect of anxiety, this research conducted self-report questionnaires of the Social networking site (SNS) Usage Questionnaire, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Smartphone Addiction Scale and Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment with 719 adolescents. The results showed that (1) the parent-child relationship negatively predicts SNS usage and (2) smartphone addiction plays a mediating role in the link between the parent-child relationship and SNS usage. (3) The relationship between the parent-child relationship and SNS usage is moderated by anxiety (on the first mediation path), and low levels of anxiety can mitigate the negative impact of the parent-child relationship on smartphone addiction, thus also mitigating the negative effects of the parent-child relationship on SNS usage. Our conclusion highlighted the vital role of the parent-child relationship and anxiety on the influence of smartphone addiction and the intensity of use of SNSs among adolescents. Our research also provides clinical implications: (1) teachers in high school can adopt family group counseling or emotion regulation workshop to help adolescents to prevent addiction to smartphones and social network sites; (2) we can reduce addictive behaviors by designing a series of intervention sessions to improve parent-child relationships and reduce anxiety for adolescents who have been addicted to smartphone and social network sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yue
- College of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Zhou Aibao
- College of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Tang TingHao
- College of Psychology, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, China
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14
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Machado RM, Kim HS, Oliveira de Andrade V, Snaychuk LA, Moura CC, Belliero Martini C, de Abreu CRFN, Hodgins DC, Tavares H. Gender differences in psychiatric comorbidity and personality characteristics among adults seeking treatment for problematic internet use. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1022749. [PMID: 36387002 PMCID: PMC9650421 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1022749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated gender differences in personality and psychiatric correlates among adults (N = 115) seeking treatment for problematic internet use (PIU) at a specialized clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. All participants were assessed at the beginning of their treatment for co-occurring psychiatric conditions, other addictive behaviors, and personality characteristics. Women (n = 20) were more likely to present with greater rates of psychiatric comorbidity compared to men (n = 95), including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and bulimia nervosa. Women also had a greater severity of certain behavioral addictions, such as compulsive buying and disordered eating. Gender differences were also found across personality characteristics, with women scoring higher on impulsivity, novelty seeking, and self-transcendence compared to men. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate gender differences for PIU in a clinical sample. The results suggest that there are notable gender differences in individuals seeking treatment for PIU which underscores the importance of assessing for co-occurring conditions, especially in women. Understanding the characteristics associated with PIU can help serve to inform the most appropriate interventions to bolster treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyoun S. Kim
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lindsey A. Snaychuk
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - David C. Hodgins
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Hermano Tavares
- Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Wu H, Ji JM, Qian Y, Jin XH, Yu HR, Liu XM, Du L, Fu XL, Chen HL. Relationship between depressive symptoms and internet usage time among adolescents: Results from a nationwide survey. Psychiatry Res 2022; 313:114603. [PMID: 35544986 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent depression is becoming a public health problem. In this study the association between depressive symptoms and internet usage time in adolescents was examined, with data collected from the China Education Tracking Survey (CEPS). The survey is publicly available and carried out nationwide. A logistic regression analysis was conducted with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), the subgroup analysis examined the relationships between internet usage time and depressive symptoms. A total of 10,705 adolescents were involved, where 46.4% of them are caught by the internet for more than two hours per day. Adolescents keeping on the internet for 6-8 h per day were reported to have higher odds of depressive symptoms than adolescents who were free from it with the confounders of individual, family, and school adjusted, which were observed among groups with a medium family economic status without living with their father and with a sleep time less than nine hours. The results revealed that adolescents spending more time online had a higher risk of experiencing depression symptoms. This study suggested that it is helpful for mental health professionals to evaluate and develop prevention interventions for depressive symptoms in adolescents promptly through monitoring and managing online time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jia-Mei Ji
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Nantong Tongzhou District People's Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hong Jin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hai-Rong Yu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao-Man Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lin Du
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xue-Lei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong-Lin Chen
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9# Se yuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, PR China.
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16
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Biswas PR, Ahammed B, Rahman MS, Nirob BM, Hossain MT. Prevalence and determinants of internet addiction among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh: An online cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09967. [PMID: 35873537 PMCID: PMC9287464 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, internet use has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and internet addiction (IA) has become a severe public health issue. Therefore, this study aimed to assess IA prevalence among adults and identify its determinants during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, this study recruited 608 participants through a self-administered online-based e-questionnaire. Young's internet addiction test (YIAT) of 20 items was used to assess the prevalence of IA among adults in Bangladesh. Bivariate and binary logistic regression analyses explored the factors influencing IA. Results The overall prevalence of IA was 29.4% among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the addiction rate was 34.7% among participants under 20 years old. Tobacco smoking (AOR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.15-3.07) and spending more time on the internet during the COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.08-3.94) were likely the reasons for IA among Bangladeshi adults. Participants aged over 24 years (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI 0.17-0.91), living in rural areas (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.32-0.81), living away from family (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.26-0.79), attached to physical activity (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.24-0.52), and sleeping less than or equal 6 hours (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.42-0.93) had a lower chance of IA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion This study has shown that the prevalence of IA was comparatively higher among younger participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Smoking, long-time use of the internet, physical activity status, and sleeping duration were the most significant determinants of IA. Thus, raising awareness among the younger generation is the most important strategy to reduce IA. The findings of this study can be used to support health and educational organizations to design their programs, which will help prevent IA in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poly Rani Biswas
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Benojir Ahammed
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shiafur Rahman
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Byazid Mahin Nirob
- Statistics Discipline, Science, Engineering & Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tanvir Hossain
- Sociology Discipline, Social Science School, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
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17
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Gavurova B, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M, Mudarri T. Internet Addiction in Socio-Demographic, Academic, and Psychological Profile of College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:944085. [PMID: 35812472 PMCID: PMC9260220 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.944085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction is a serious problem among young adults that requires increased attention, especially at a time of distance learning during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of the study was to assess the relationships between internet addiction and selected socio-demographic, study-related, and psychological characteristics of college students. Internet addiction was measured using the Internet Addiction Test both overall and in its individual subscales (Salience, Excessive Use, Neglect Work, Anticipation, Lack of Control, and Neglect Social Life). The selected characteristics represented (1) socio-demographic profile (gender, age, residence, family), (2) academic profile (housing during the semester, form of study), and (3) psychological profile (depressive symptoms—the Patient Health Questionnaire, stress—the Perceived Stress Scale, anxiety symptoms—the Generalized Anxiety Disorder). Data collection took place during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 at Czech and Slovak colleges, with 1,422 students from the Czech Republic and 1,677 students from Slovakia participating in the research. The analytical processes were carried out through descriptive analysis, non-parametric difference analysis, and multiple negative binomial regression. Mild internet addiction was found in 387 (27.2%) Czech and 452 (27.0%) Slovak students. Moderate internet addiction was identified in 49 (3.4%) students from the Czech Republic and in 100 (6.0%) students from Slovakia. Two (0.1%) Czech and three (0.2%) Slovak students reported severe internet addiction. Increased likelihood of internet addiction overall, as well as in most individual subscales, was found particularly among male students and students who lived away from home during the semester. Depressive symptoms and stress could also be considered significant predictors in both countries. These results are important for the development of effective strategies and prevention programs, as Internet addiction may be a serious problem in the future, given the current times. When assessing internet addiction among college students, it would also be appropriate to evaluate the individual internet addiction subscales and their specifics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gavurova
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Beata Gavurova
| | - Viera Ivankova
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Rigelsky
- Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management and Business, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Tawfik Mudarri
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
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18
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The Effects of School Climate, Parent–Child Closeness, and Peer Relations on the Problematic Internet Use of Chinese Adolescents: Testing the Mediating Role of Self-Esteem and Depression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137583. [PMID: 35805237 PMCID: PMC9265515 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Although previous research has investigated the associations among family factors, school factors, peer factors, and problematic Internet use, its causal direction has not been verified, particularly in the Chinese context. Using school-based data, this study aims to explore the possible causal direction among school climate, parent–child closeness, peer relations, and the problematic Internet use of Chinese adolescents. Nine hundred and sixty students in junior and senior high schools participated in a questionnaire survey. The results showed that parent–child closeness, school climate, and peer relations had a significantly direct effect on the problematic Internet use of Chinese adolescents. Meanwhile, the effects of parent–child closeness, school climate, and peer relations on problematic Internet use were mediated by self-esteem and depression. Implications are also discussed to prevent the problematic Internet use of adolescents.
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19
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Gavurova B, Khouri S, Ivankova V, Rigelsky M, Mudarri T. Internet Addiction, Symptoms of Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, Stress Among Higher Education Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:893845. [PMID: 35774570 PMCID: PMC9237380 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.893845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor mental health is a growing concern among young people during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess the associations of Internet addiction with depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and stress in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to examine these mental health problems in the context of study-related characteristics. The research sample consisted of 3,099 participants from the Czech Republic (CZ: 1,422) and Slovak Republic (SK: 1,677). The Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire for depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to measure mental health problems. The analyses also included demographic data (gender and age) and study-related characteristics (form of study, degree of study, field of study, distance between college and home, and housing during the semester). Based on the results of frequency and descriptive analyses, the prevalence of mental health problems was high. The most serious levels of Internet addiction (IAT cut-off point ≥ 50), to which attention should be paid, were found in 3.5% of Czech and 6.2% of Slovak students. Using the standard cut-off point of GAD-7 ≥ 10, 14.1% of Czech and 11.6% of Slovak students were identified with anxiety symptoms. Regarding the PHQ-9 with the cut-off point ≥ 10, 23.4% of Czech and 19.1% of Slovak students had depressive symptoms, which should be addressed. Using the PSS cut-off point ≥ 27, 12.9% of Czech students and 9.1% of Slovak students perceived high stress. The quantile regression analysis showed that Internet addiction was positively associated with anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and stress in all of the analyzed cases (p-value < 0.001). In terms of study-related characteristics, the binomial logistic regression analysis revealed that risk factors for mental health problems in Czech and Slovak students were mainly full-time form of study and living away from home during the semester. Internet addiction, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and stress are issues that require increased attention, and professionals and policy-makers should implement interventions to effectively prevent and help students with psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Gavurova
- Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Beata Gavurova
| | - Samer Khouri
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Viera Ivankova
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Rigelsky
- Department of Marketing and International Trade, Faculty of Management and Business, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Tawfik Mudarri
- Institute of Earth Resources, Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovakia
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20
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Mamun MA, Ullah I, Usman N, Griffiths MD. PUBG-related suicides during the COVID-19 pandemic: Three cases from Pakistan. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:877-879. [PMID: 33236770 PMCID: PMC7753770 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The present case report presents the most extreme negative aspects of gaming, namely PUBG-related suicide during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic in Pakistan. CASE PRESENTATION Three suicide cases of extreme gamers occurred within a few days of each other in Lahore, Pakistan. All three were young males aged 16-20 years and their suicides appear to be related to PUBG addiction. It is likely that all three individuals experienced other predisposing factors relating to psychological instability. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS For vulnerable groups such as adolescents and emerging adults who have psychological predispositions and/or other comorbidities, engrossing videogames which take up many hours a day such as PUBG may pose a risk which in the most extreme cases may be fatal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Norina Usman
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research-Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Genetics, VA Hospital Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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21
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Salarvand S, N Albatineh A, Dalvand S, Baghban Karimi E, Ghanei Gheshlagh R. Prevalence of Internet Addiction Among Iranian University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:213-222. [PMID: 35085012 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2021.0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to estimate the overall prevalence of Internet addiction among Iranian university students. A total of 49 articles written in Persian or English, without time limitation, were gathered. Databases of Scientific Information Database, MagIran, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched during the period from February 13 to March 13, 2018. The following keywords and their possible combinations were used: Iran, student, Internet dependency, Internet addiction, and problematic Internet use. The Cochran's Q test was used to test the heterogeneity among the studies, and because heterogeneity was not significant, the random effects model was used to estimate the overall prevalence of Internet addiction. Data analysis was performed using STATA, version 12. Meta-analysis of 49 selected articles with a total sample size of 16,585 indicated that the overall prevalence of Internet addiction among Iranian students was 31.51 percent (95% confidence interval: 26.47-36.55). In addition, meta-regression analysis showed no significant relationship between Internet addiction and year of publication (p = 0.972) and sample size (p = 0.915). About one-third of Iranian students have Internet addiction. It is necessary to provide training workshops on learning about the consequences of Internet addiction and its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Salarvand
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Ahmed N Albatineh
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Sahar Dalvand
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Baghban Karimi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanei Gheshlagh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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22
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Hossin MZ, Islam A, Billah M, Haque M, Uddin J. Is there a gradient in the association between internet addiction and health? PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264716. [PMID: 35239733 PMCID: PMC8893621 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Internet Addiction (IA) is often shown to be associated with health issues, but no study explicitly examined a possible gradient in the association between different levels of IA and health. This study aimed to examine if the levels of IA had a graded relationship with poor sleep quality, psychological distress, and self-rated health among university students in Bangladesh. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 625 students from six universities/colleges responded to an online survey that contained measures of internet addiction test (IAT), general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), sleep quality, and self-rated health. Modified Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate the adjusted risk ratios (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) of the associations between IA and health outcomes. Results The IA levels were associated with each of the three health outcomes in a linear fashion. Compared to the lowest IA quintile, the highest quintile remained associated with an increased risk of poor-quality sleeping (RR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.26, 2.48), psychological distress (RR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.55, 2.82), and worse self-rated health (RR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.09, 1.96) after adjusting for socio-demographic covariates. There were also dose-response associations between IAT z-scores and health outcomes. The association between IAT z-scores and psychological distress was significantly stronger in males compared to females (p-value for interaction<0.05). Conclusions The study found strong gradients between levels of addiction to internet and health outcomes, suggesting that increased health risks may exist even at lower levels of internet addiction. The findings highlight the need for departure of current research from a focus on the classic dichotomy of problematic versus not problematic internet use and a move toward recognizing the potential hierarchical effects of IA on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zakir Hossin
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of General Education, Eastern University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
| | - Azharul Islam
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Masum Billah
- Department of Sociology, East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mahjabeen Haque
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
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23
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Maftei A, Holman AC, Merlici IA. Using fake news as means of cyber-bullying: The link with compulsive internet use and online moral disengagement. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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24
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Al-Mamun F, Hosen I, Griffiths MD, Mamun MA. Facebook use and its predictive factors among students: Evidence from a lower- and middle-income country, Bangladesh. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:945802. [PMID: 35966488 PMCID: PMC9373921 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.945802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facebook is a popular social networking site in the modern world. It has an adverse effect such as impairing daily health and psychological health and also interpersonal relationships when the use becomes problematic. AIMS To examine problematic Facebook use (PFU) and its predictors among Bangladeshi students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 601 Bangladeshi students and collected data related to socio-demographic information, behavioral health, internet use behavior, depression, anxiety and problematic Facebook use [assessed using the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS)]. The data were analyzed using descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVAs, correlations, and multivariable linear regression). RESULTS The results indicated that 29.1% of participants were problematic Facebook users (using cutoff ≥18 out of 30). Medical college students had higher mean score on PFU than other students (p < 0.001). In addition, the mean score of PFU was significantly higher among the students who were in a relationship (p = 0.001), did not engage in physical activity (p < 0.001), used the internet more than 5 h per day (p < 0.001), used social media (p < 0.001), and had depression or anxiety symptoms (p < 0.001). PFU was significantly associated with depression and anxiety among the whole sample. Predictive factors for PFU included relationship status, daily internet use time, gaming, social media use, depression, and anxiety. The model predicted almost 33.2% variance for PFU. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest interventions should be implemented for students with a special focus on medical students who had higher score of PFU than other types of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoj Al-Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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25
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Hassan H, Elhusseiny A, Haggag W, Abd Elmoez K, Elsayed M. Psychiatric symptoms associated with internet addiction among Suez Canal University students. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2022; 43:149. [DOI: 10.4103/ejpsy.ejpsy_50_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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26
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Hosen I, Al Mamun F, Mamun MA. The role of sociodemographics, behavioral factors, and internet use behaviors in students' psychological health amid COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e398. [PMID: 34622029 PMCID: PMC8485611 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic drastically impacted students' psychological well-being by interchanging their regular activities. Students are more engaged with online activities, which may affect their mental health. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the magnitude of psychological health of the Bangladeshi students, where the role of online use behaviors is also investigated. METHODS An online-based cross-sectional survey was conducted between 7 October 2020 and 2 November, 2020 among Bangladeshi students utilizing a convenience sampling technique. The survey questionnaire included items concerning sociodemographics, behavior and health-related variables, online use behaviors, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data (i.e., binary logistic regression was performed to examine the association between variables and hierarchical regression analysis was performed to predict the variance for depression and anxiety). RESULTS Out of 601 included students, 260 and 196 students reported the symptoms of depression (43.3%) and anxiety (32.6%), respectively, where female students experienced a higher level of psychological problems. The psychological suffering was also significantly associated with medical college students, having an affair, less sleep time, not performing physical exercise, excessive internet use, and not watching news during online activities. After adjusting all of the studied variables in the hierarchical regression models, it explained 10% and 9.6% variance of depression and anxiety, respectively. CONCLUSIONS During this pandemic situation, a relatively higher level of psychological complications was observed among the Bangladeshi students. Regrettably, any specific policy was absent in the country to assuage that outcome. Therefore, based on the study finding, a few strategies and policies were recommended that may be helpful to alleviate psychological issues among the students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Al Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh
- Department of Public Health and Informatics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh
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Tang J, Yao X, Yu G. Exploring the Online Behavior of Users of Online Depression-Focused Communities: Comparing Communities with Different Management Types. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:1707-1724. [PMID: 34703334 PMCID: PMC8524253 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s323027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Online depression-focused communities (ODCs) are popular avenues that help people cope with depression. However, to the best of our knowledge, research on online behavior and differences among users from managed and unmanaged ODCs has not been explored. Methods We collected data from the most popular managed depression-focused community (MDC) and unmanaged depression-focused community (UDC) in China. Text classifiers were built using deep-learning methods to identify social support (ie, informational and emotional support) and companionship expressed in the posts of these communities. Based on the content of their posts, community users were clustered into supporters and ordinary members. Econometrics was used to analyze the factors that influence supporters’ contributions and ordinary members’ participation in MDCs and UDCs. Results Community response has a positive impact on supporters’ social support and time span in the UDC, but this impact is not significant in the MDC. Supporters expressing positive emotions provide more social support, and they are more willing to serve in the MDC. Supporters expressing negative emotions tend to have longer engagement with the UDC. In addition, community response has a positive effect on ordinary members’ participation in both communities, and this effect is greater in the UDC. Ordinary members expressing positive emotions are more active in the MDC, and ordinary members expressing negative emotions are more active in the UDC. Conclusion This study improves the understanding of users’ online behaviors in ODCs, provides decision-making support for designers and managers of ODCs, and provides information that can be used to help improve aid for people with depression provided by community and mental health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Tang
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Yao
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Yu
- School of Management, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
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28
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Dhamnetiya D, Singh S, Jha RP. Correlates of problematic internet use among undergraduate medical students of Delhi. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:511. [PMID: 34654407 PMCID: PMC8520189 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, due to population diversity, the prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) varies from 7.3 to 51%. This study aims to assess correlates of problematic internet use among undergraduate medical students of Delhi and derive a model for allocating new subjects among categories of internet users. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 201 medical-undergraduate students in a medical college of Delhi from April 1st to May 31st, 2019. A semi-structured and pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect demographic information and factors affecting PIU. Dr. Kimberly Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) tool was used to assess PIU. Binary logistic regression has been applied to assess the correlates of PIU, and step-wise discriminant analysis (DA) has been applied to derive a model for allocation of new subjects among categories of internet users. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Trial version 27.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) software was used for statistical analysis. RESULT Total 41.3% of the subjects had PIU. Univariate analysis shows that internet use for emotional support, watching adult content, and gambling were significantly associated with PIU; however, in binary logistic regression, chatting, emotional support and watching online adult content were significant risk factors for PIU. The discriminant model correctly classified 66.2% of respondents into average and problematic internet user groups. CONCLUSION We should create awareness among medical students regarding problematic internet use and its potential harms; this could be included in the foundation course of curriculum implementation support program (CISP) for MBBS students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Dhamnetiya
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Sector-6 Rohini, New Delhi, 110085, India.
| | - Satyavir Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Sector-6 Rohini, New Delhi, 110085 India
| | - Ravi Prakash Jha
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Sector-6 Rohini, New Delhi, 110085 India
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29
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Hosen I, Al Mamun F, Sikder MT, Abbasi AZ, Zou L, Guo T, Mamun MA. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Problematic Smartphone Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bangladeshi Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:3797-3805. [PMID: 34548828 PMCID: PMC8448157 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s325126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been increasing hastily in recent decades, and it has become inseparable during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially among the students who are at risk of problematic smartphone use. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of PSU during the COVID-19 pandemic among the Bangladeshi students. Methods A total of 601 Bangladeshi students were recruited through an online-based cross-sectional survey that was conducted between October 7 and November 2, 2020. The survey collected information related to socio-demographics, behavioral health, internet use behaviors, depression, anxiety, and PSU. Independent samples t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed to present the relationship between the studied variables and PSU. Multiple linear regression analysis was also used for investigating the explanatory power of the predictive models for PSU. Results Surprisingly, about 86.9% of the students scored to be problematic smartphone users (≥21 out of a total 36 based on the Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale). In addition, medical students, engaging in a relationship, performing less physical activity, longer duration of internet use, some sorts of internet use purpose (eg, messaging, watching videos, using social media), depression, and anxiety were significantly associated with higher scores of PSU. After adjusting all the studied variables, the final model explained a 31.3% variance predicting PSU. Conclusion The present study is one of the first approaches to assess the prevalence of PSU among the Bangladeshi students during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas the addiction level was superfluous (and this may be due to more online engagement related to the pandemic). Thus, the study recommended strategies or policies related to the students' risk-reducing and healthy use of smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Al Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tajuddin Sikder
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Amir Zaib Abbasi
- Department of Management Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Liye Zou
- Exercise Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of KEEP Collaborative Innovation, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianyou Guo
- Exercise Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute of KEEP Collaborative Innovation, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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30
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Gan X, Li H, Li M, Yu C, Jin X, Zhu C, Liu Y. Parenting Styles, Depressive Symptoms, and Problematic Online Game Use in Adolescents: A Developmental Cascades Model. Front Public Health 2021; 9:710667. [PMID: 34621718 PMCID: PMC8490704 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.710667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abundant empirical research has demonstrated the relationship between parenting style and adolescent problematic online game use (POGU), but the direction and underlying mechanism of this association remain unclear. Using a 1-year longitudinal design across three time points, the present study explored interrelations among parenting styles, depressive symptoms, and POGU from the theoretical perspective of the developmental cascade model and examined whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between parenting style and POGU. A sample of 1,041 children was recruited from two junior middle schools in China, of which 46.3% were boys. Results confirmed the cascade effects and showed that the reciprocal effect of parenting style, depressive symptoms, and POGU was significant, and parental control and POGU can predict each other via depressive symptoms. Knowledge regarding the direct and underlying mechanisms between parenting style, depressive symptoms, and POGU provides reference suggestions for the prevention and intervention of adolescent depressive symptoms and problematic online game use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Gan
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Chengfu Yu
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University College of Technology and Engineering, Jingzhou, China
| | - Congshu Zhu
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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31
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Koçak O, Yılmaz İ, Younis MZ. Why Are Turkish University Students Addicted to the Internet? A Moderated Mediation Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:953. [PMID: 34442090 PMCID: PMC8392386 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9080953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet addiction has become a significant problem that primarily affects young people. It has an essential effect on the individual's self-perception and assessment of their competencies. This study aimed to reveal whether there is a significant relationship between the level of internet addiction of university students and their age and self-esteem. For this purpose, internet addiction and self-esteem scales were used in addition to questions such as age, gender, the purpose of internet use, and internet daily usage time. We used a quantitative research method to obtain cross-sectional data from 400 Turkish young people using online surveys. Correlation, regression, mediation, and moderation analyses were performed using SPSS and the PROCESS macro plugin for data analysis. Internet addiction was significantly associated with self-esteem, gender, age, and daily internet usage. In addition, we discovered that self-esteem and daily usage time played a mediation role in the effect of the age variable on internet addiction. Moreover, the moderation roles of social networks, gender, and location in the impact of self-esteem on internet addiction were determined. With this study, we understood that as age increases, self-esteem triggers the decrease of internet addiction. In this sense, policies should be developed to increase self-esteem among young people to ensure the conscious use of the internet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhan Koçak
- Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - İlayda Yılmaz
- Faculty of Health Science, Istanbul University Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Mustafa Z. Younis
- College of Health Sciences, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA;
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32
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Jahan I, Hosen I, Al Mamun F, Kaggwa MM, Griffiths MD, Mamun MA. How Has the COVID-19 Pandemic Impacted Internet Use Behaviors and Facilitated Problematic Internet Use? A Bangladeshi Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2021; 14:1127-1138. [PMID: 34345189 PMCID: PMC8324976 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s323570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic-related "stay-at-home" and confinement orders has led individuals to be more engaged with technology use (eg, internet use). For a minority of individuals, excessive use can become problematic and addictive. However, the investigation of problematic internet use in the COVID-19 context is only just emerging. Therefore, the present study investigated the changes in internet use behaviors and addiction rates in comparison with prior Bangladeshi studies. Methods An online cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 601 Bangladeshi students between October 7 and November 2, 2020. The survey included questions relating to socio-demographic, behavioral health, online use behaviors, and psychopathological variables. Results A quarter of the participants (26%) reported having low levels of internet addiction, whereas 58.6% were classed as having moderate internet addiction and 13% severe internet addiction. A total of 4% of the sample were classed as being at risk of severe internet dependency (ie, scoring over ≥80 on IAT). Risk factors for internet addiction included smartphone addiction, Facebook addiction, depression, and anxiety. However, the final hierarchical regression model comprising all variables explained a total of 70.6% variance of problematic internet use. Conclusion Based on the present findings, it is concluded that individuals are at elevated risk of problematic internet use like other psychological impacts that have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, risk-reducing measures and healthy control use strategies should be implemented for vulnerable individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israt Jahan
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of People's Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ismail Hosen
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj Al Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Mark Mohan Kaggwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
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33
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Moonajilin MS, Kamal MKI, Mamun FA, Safiq MB, Hosen I, Manzar MD, Mamun MA. Substance use behavior and its lifestyle-related risk factors in Bangladeshi high school-going adolescents: An exploratory study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254926. [PMID: 34288956 PMCID: PMC8294555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance abuse is a major concern worldwide and is increasing rapidly in Bangladesh. However, there are no prior studies concerning lifestyle-related factors that influence adolescents' substance use behavior. Therefore, the present study investigated the prevalence of substance use and its associated sociodemographic and lifestyle-related risk factors among a total of 424 Bangladeshi high school-going adolescents through a structured questionnaire interview study. The survey questionnaire consisted of socio-demographics, lifestyle-related information, and substance use-related questions. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version 22.0, and a p-value of <0.05 determined statistical significance. Results showed that 21.2%, 14.4%, and 15.1% of the participants reported smoking, using a drug, and consuming alcohol, respectively, at least once during their lifespan; whereas the current (i.e., past-month) rates were reported to be 10.4%, 2.8%, and 3.1%, respectively. Overall, the current substance use risk factors were identified as being male, not being from science academic background, having less family influence on personal life, irregular teeth brushing, being smartphone users, using a smartphone for a longer time, and being late-night sleepers. From the list of identified risk factors of substance use, those that are modifiable may be targeted to evolve a prevention program to manage this problem in Bangladeshi adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst. Sabrina Moonajilin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalid Ibne Kamal
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Firoj al Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ismail Hosen
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Dilshad Manzar
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- CHINTA Research Bangladesh, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- * E-mail:
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34
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Sakib N, Islam M, Al Habib MS, Bhuiyan AKMI, Alam MM, Tasneem N, Hossain M, Islam SMS, Griffiths MD, Mamun MA. Depression and suicidality among Bangladeshi students: Subject selection reasons and learning environment as potential risk factors. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:1150-1162. [PMID: 33135191 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the role of subject-selection reasons and learning environment factors in students' depression and suicidality. DESIGN AND METHODS This study surveyed 960 students from five different Bangladeshi universities using questions concerning socio-demographics, lifestyles, subject-selection reasons, learning and academic environment, suicidal behaviors, and the Bangla Patient Health Questionnaire. FINDINGS Approximately half of the participants were depressed (47.7%), and just over a quarter reported past-year suicidality (28.5%). Risk factors for both depression and suicidal behavior included not studying at their desired institute, selecting subjects based on future career prospects (rather than choosing what they want to study), not having a study-friendly and research-friendly environment, and unsupportive teachers. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The findings will help in formulating policies for educational institutions as well as providing benchmark data for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najmuj Sakib
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Microbiology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Merajul Islam
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Jalalabad Ragib Rabeya Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md Syeed Al Habib
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - A K M Israfil Bhuiyan
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbub Alam
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Noshin Tasneem
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Moazzem Hossain
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Department of Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mohammed A Mamun
- Centre for Health Innovation, Networking, Training, Action and Research - Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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35
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Dysfunctional Attitudes as a Mediator in the Association Between Problematic Internet Use and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. JOURNAL OF RATIONAL-EMOTIVE AND COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10942-021-00394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Gao T, Qin Z, Hu Y, Fei J, Cao R, Liang L, Li C, Mei S, Meng X. Trajectories of depression and anxiety in Chinese high school freshmen: Associations with Internet addiction. J Affect Disord 2021; 286:180-186. [PMID: 33730662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most previous studies focused on the associations of depression and anxiety with Internet addiction (IA) have used variable-centered approaches. This study aims to explore the distinct developmental trajectories of depression and anxiety, and their association with IA based on person-centered approaches. METHODS A total of 437 Chinese high school freshmen at the baseline were followed across one year. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and growth mixture modeling (GMM) were used to identify the heterogeneity of individual trajectories of depression and anxiety. RESULTS For depression, there were three distinct trajectories identified, namely, the escalating group (n=60, 13.7%), recovery group (n=31, 7.1%), and the low-stable group (n=346, 79.2%). For anxiety, the subgroups consisted of the escalating group (n=50, 11.4%), the recovery group (n=34, 7.8%), and the low-stable group (n=353, 80.8%). The probability of IA in the depression low-stable group was significantly smaller compared to those in either the recovery group (χ2=10.794, P=0.001) or the escalating group (χ2=19.314, P<0.001). The probability of IA in the anxiety low-stable group was found to be significantly smaller than that in the recovery group (χ2=17.359, P<0.001) and the escalating group (χ2=7.752, P=0.005). LIMITATIONS The sample was limited to students from one specific high school and had a one-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the study suggest the necessity of early prevention and intervention strategies for those students with depression and anxiety, which are at elevated risk of developing IA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Gao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China; Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Zeying Qin
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Yueyang Hu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Junsong Fei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Ruilin Cao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Leilei Liang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Chuanen Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China
| | - Songli Mei
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130021, China.
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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37
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Han CH, Chung JH, Lee SJ. Association between Asthma and Internet Addiction Status in Korean Adolescents. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:968-976. [PMID: 33717569 PMCID: PMC7947535 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-2342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Problematic Internet addiction (IA) has been shown to be associated with a variety of psychological comorbidities, but its relationship with adolescent asthma has not yet been investigated in detail. Methods We analyzed 18,473 adolescent patients with physician-diagnosed asthma and 205,069 non-asthmatic adolescent patients from the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Socioeconomic factors, health behavior factors, psychological factors, and IA status were assessed using the Korean Internet Addiction Proneness Scale. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed, with adjustment for multiple cofounders, to explore the association between IA and adolescent asthma. Results Comparison between the adolescent asthma group and non-adolescent asthma group indicated higher rates of probable IA (13.7% vs. 12.1%, respectively, P<0.001), IA (4.8% vs. 3.1%, respectively, P<0.001), and problematic IA (18.5% vs. 15.2%, respectively, P<0.001) in the adolescent asthma group. After adjustment for multiple confounders, probable IA [odds ratio (OR): 1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08–1.26] and IA (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.02–1.12) were significantly associated with increased risk of adolescent asthma, compared to non-problematic Internet use. Conclusions IA is associated with an increased rate of asthma in Korean adolescents. So, IA has attracted minimal attention in relation to the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hoon Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Neurology, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Gecaite-Stonciene J, Saudargiene A, Pranckeviciene A, Liaugaudaite V, Griskova-Bulanova I, Simkute D, Naginiene R, Dainauskas LL, Ceidaite G, Burkauskas J. Impulsivity Mediates Associations Between Problematic Internet Use, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms in Students: A Cross-Sectional COVID-19 Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:634464. [PMID: 33633614 PMCID: PMC7901993 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.634464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Problematic internet use (PIU) is a serious global mental health issue that especially manifested during the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Engagement in PIU as an impulsive coping with mental distress may pose a long-lasting threat to develop anxiety and depressive disorders. The first aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of PIU and mental distress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among university students in Lithuania. The second aim was to test the hypothesis that PIU affects anxiety and depressive symptoms through the mediating role of impulsivity. Methods: The cross-sectional study was comprised of 619 university students (92.9% females and 7.1% males) with a mean age of 22 ± 3 years who participated in an online survey from May to November, 2020. Participants completed the following scales: the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11. K-means cluster analysis and one-way multivariate analysis of variance were used for group comparison in terms of internet use time and habit change during COVID-19 pandemic. Structural equation modeling was applied to examine the mediating effect of impulsivity in association between PIU and mental distress, while controlling for age. Results: In sum, 45.1% of the participants reported PIU and 38.1% had markedly expressed symptoms of anxiety while 43.6% of the students reported moderate to severe depressive symptoms. During the COVID-19 pandemic 76% of the students reported at least moderate increase in their internet use time. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were significantly higher in the group of frequent internet users. The results of the structural equational modeling analysis showed a statistically significant effect of PIU on subjective anxiety symptoms and the statistically significant effect of PIU on subjective depression symptoms, both mediated via impulsivity. Conclusions: During COVID-19 pandemic, PIU, anxiety and depression symptoms are highly prevalent among students. Findings also suggest that relationships between PIU, anxiety and depressive symptoms are mediated via impulsivity. These results underscore the importance of the inclusion of impulsivity factor in the studies analyzing longitudinal effects of PIU on mental distress during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julija Gecaite-Stonciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga-Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ausra Saudargiene
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Aiste Pranckeviciene
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga-Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Liaugaudaite
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga-Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Inga Griskova-Bulanova
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Simkute
- Department of Neurobiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rima Naginiene
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laurynas Linas Dainauskas
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioinformatics, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintare Ceidaite
- Department of Informatics, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga-Kaunas, Lithuania
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Li ZL, Liu R, He F, Li SY, Zhao YJ, Zhang WY, Zhang Y, Cheung T, Jackson T, Tang YL, Xiang YT. Prevalence of Internet Addiction Disorder and Its Correlates Among Clinically Stable Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders in China During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:686177. [PMID: 34603095 PMCID: PMC8481828 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.686177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emerged, Internet usage has increased among adolescents. Due to this trend, the prevalence of Internet addiction disorder (IAD) may have increased within this group. This study examined the prevalence of IAD and its correlates among clinically stable adolescents with psychiatric disorders in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Method: A multi-center, cross-sectional study was carried out between April 29 and June 9, 2020 in three major tertiary mental health centers in China. IAD and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Results: A total of 1,454 adolescent psychiatric patients were included in final analyses. The prevalence of IAD was 31.2% (95% CI: 28.8-33.6%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that poor relationships with parents (P < 0.001, OR = 2.34, 95%CI: 1.49-3.68) and elevated total PHQ-9 scores (P < 0.001, OR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.16-1.21) were significantly associated with higher risk for IAD while longer daily physical exercise durations (P = 0.04, OR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.46-0.98) and rural residence (P = 0.003, OR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.46-0.85) were significant correlates of lower risk for IAD. Conclusions: IAD was common among adolescent patients with clinically stable psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic; regular physical exercise, healthy relationships with parents and fewer symptoms of depression were associated with lower risk within this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zong-Lei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiamen Xianyue Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital, The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital, The Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, School of Mental Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhao
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.,Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wu-Yang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Teris Cheung
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yi-Lang Tang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Mental Health Service Line, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, & Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.,Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China.,Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
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Alonzo R, Hussain J, Stranges S, Anderson KK. Interplay between social media use, sleep quality, and mental health in youth: A systematic review. Sleep Med Rev 2020; 56:101414. [PMID: 33385767 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2020.101414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Social media applications are increasingly prominent among youth. This systematic review provides a comprehensive assessment of the literature on the relationship between active social media use, sleep quality, and common mental health outcomes (anxiety, depression, and psychological distress) among youth. MEDLINE, PsychINFO, EMBASE and Scopus were searched for observational studies investigating this relationship among youth (aged 16-25). Thirty-six cross-sectional studies and six prospective cohort studies met the inclusion criteria. Among cross-sectional studies, significant associations between excessive social media use with poor mental health outcomes (n = 33), poor sleep quality (n = 24), and significant associations between poor sleep quality and negative mental health (n = 16) were found. In longitudinal studies, frequent social media use was a risk factor for both poor mental health (n = 6) and poor sleep outcomes (n = 5). Some studies showed sleep quality mediating the relationship between social media use and negative mental health outcomes in youth. Overall, included evidence links excessive social media use to poor sleep quality and negative mental health in youth. Given the public health implications of sleep problems, excessive social media use warrants further investigation to clarify the directionality and strength of their associations with poor sleep quality and negative mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rea Alonzo
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Junayd Hussain
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saverio Stranges
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Kelly K Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Islam MS, Sujan MSH, Tasnim R, Ferdous MZ, Masud JHB, Kundu S, Mosaddek ASM, Choudhuri MSK, Kircaburun K, Griffiths MD. Problematic internet use among young and adult population in Bangladesh: Correlates with lifestyle and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 12:100311. [PMID: 33364319 PMCID: PMC7752719 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although internet use can boost individuals' quality of life in various aspects, activities on the internet (e.g., gambling, video gaming, social media use, pornography use, etc.) can be used as coping strategy to deal with psychological stressors and mood states (e.g., fear, anxiety, depression) particularly during the global COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVES The present study assessed problematic internet use (PIU) among Bangladeshi youth and adults in Bangladesh and examined its correlation with lifestyle and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS An online cross-sectional survey was utilized between May and June 2020 comprising 13,525 Bangladeshi individuals (61.3% male; age range 18-50 years; mean age 23.7 years) recruited from various online platforms. The self-report survey included questions concerning socio-demographics, lifestyle, and online activities during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as psychometric scales such as the nine-item Internet Disorder Scale-Short Form (IDS9-SF). RESULTS Utilizing hierarchical regression analysis, problematic internet use was significantly and positively associated with those who were younger, having a higher level of education, living with a nuclear family, engaging in less physical exercise, avoiding household chores, playing online videogames, social media use, and engaging in recreational online activities. CONCLUSIONS Excessive internet use appears to have been commonplace during the COVID-19 pandemic period and young adults were most vulnerable to problematic internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Rafia Tasnim
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Youth Research Association, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Most. Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Jakir Hossain Bhuiyan Masud
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Public Health Informatics Foundation (PHIF), Mirpur, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Kundu
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Shinagawa City, Tokyo 140-0011, Japan
| | - Abu Syed Md. Mosaddek
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacology, Uttara Adhunik Medical College, Uttara, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - M. Shahabuddin K. Choudhuri
- Quest Bangladesh, Lalmatia, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) Herbal Medicines Compendium South Asia Expert Panel Member, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kagan Kircaburun
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK
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Marzilli E, Cerniglia L, Ballarotto G, Cimino S. Internet Addiction among Young Adult University Students: The Complex Interplay between Family Functioning, Impulsivity, Depression, and Anxiety. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218231. [PMID: 33171742 PMCID: PMC7664422 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
International research has underlined that both interpersonal, self-regulation, and comorbid variables can lead to a higher risk of developing internet addiction (IA) among young adults. To date, no studies have explored the interplay between young adults’ family functioning, impulsivity, and psychopathological difficulties. In a community sample of 244 young adult university students, this study aims to assess the relationship between young adults’ IA and young adults’ gender, the perception of their family functioning, impulsivity level, and depressive and anxiety symptoms, considering the possible interplay between these variables. The presence and the severity of IA were addressed through the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Moreover, young adults filled out self-reporting questionnaires, assessing their perception of family functioning and their impulsivity levels and psychopathological symptoms. Results showed no significant association between the youth’s gender and IA. However, moderately addicted young adults were more likely to report poorer quality of family affective involvement and higher attentional impulsivity and depressive problems than other groups. Moreover, young adults’ attentional impulsivity mediated the relationship between family affective involvement and IA. This study provides new evidence on the complex interaction between individuals and interpersonal risk factors involved in IA among young adults, with important implications for the planning of intervention treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via degli Apuli, 1, cap. 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, 00186 Roma, Italy;
| | - Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via degli Apuli, 1, cap. 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via degli Apuli, 1, cap. 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (S.C.)
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Financial threat, hardship and distress predict depression, anxiety and stress among the unemployed youths: A Bangladeshi multi-city study. J Affect Disord 2020; 276:1149-1158. [PMID: 32791351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unemployment has a contributory role in the development of mental health problems and in Bangladesh there is increasing unemployment, particularly among youth. Consequently, the present study investigated depression, anxiety, and stress among recent graduates in a multi-city study across the country. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 988 Bangladeshi graduate jobseekers in six major cities of the country between August to November 2019. The measures included socio-demographics and life-style factors, study and job-related information, Economic Hardship Questionnaire, Financial Threat Scale, Financial Well-Being Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. RESULTS Depression, anxiety and stress rates among the present sample were 81.1% (n = 801), 61.5% (n = 608) and 64.8% (n = 640) respectively. Factors related to gender, age, socioeconomic conditions, educational background, lack of extra-curricular activities, and high screen activity were significant risk factors of depression, anxiety, and stress. Structural equation modeling indicated that (while controlling for age, daily time spent on sleep study, and social media use), financial threat was moderately positively related to depression, anxiety, and stress. Financial hardship was weakly positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress, whereas financial wellbeing was weakly negatively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. LIMITATIONS Due to the nature of the present study (i.e., cross-sectional study) and sampling method (i.e., convenience sampling), determining causality between the variables is not possible. CONCLUSIONS The present results emphasized the important detrimental role of financial troubles on young people's mental health by showing that financial problems among unemployed youth predict elevated psychiatric distress in both men and women.
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Mamun MA, Rayhan I, Akter K, Griffiths MD. Prevalence and Predisposing Factors of Suicidal Ideation Among the University Students in Bangladesh: A Single-Site Survey. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00403-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Recently, suicide among Bangladeshi university students has become a serious problem. However, to date, there have been no studies assessing suicidal behaviors among Bangladeshi students. Therefore, the present study investigated suicidal ideation (SI) and its risk factors among this population. A classroom-based convenience sampling method was utilized to survey 665 students of a university in Bangladesh (67.5% males; aged 21.16 years: SD ± 1.6). In addition to socio-demographic questions, the survey also included the Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale, Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale–21. Results showed that the prevalence of suicidal ideation was 2.3% in the past 24 h, 4.8% in the past 15 days, 6.9% in the past month, 14.7% in the past year, and 61.1% in the lifetime. The unadjusted regression model showed that being divorced (or separated) from a partner (OR = 4.486, 95% CI = 1.972–10.207, p < 0.0001), Facebook addiction (OR = 1.550, 95% CI = 1.006–2.388, p = 0.047), depression (OR = 1.657, 95% CI = 1.677–4.211, p < 0.0001), anxiety (OR = 2.649, 95% CI = 1.624–4.320, p < 0.0001), and stress (OR = 2.626, 95% CI = 1.673–4.122, p < 0.0001) were the risk factors of past-year SI. Compared with global prevalence rates, the present study reported higher levels of SI prevalence. Therefore, supportive suicide prevention programs are needed to tackle SI and alongside comorbid psychopathology.
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Internet addiction among young Bangladeshi adults: critical commentary on Hassan et al. (2020). J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2020; 95:26. [PMID: 32990877 PMCID: PMC7524948 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-020-00054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Prevalence of Poor Sleep Quality and Its Determinants Among Bangladeshi Students: A Pilot Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41782-020-00109-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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48
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Mamun MA, Naher S, Moonajilin MS, Jobayar AM, Rayhan I, Kircaburun K, Griffiths MD. Depression literacy and awareness programs among Bangladeshi students: An online survey. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04901. [PMID: 33005780 PMCID: PMC7509782 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventing depression and helping individuals to become more resilient to depression, awareness-related programs have been suggested. To implement such programs, depression literacy (D-Lit) assessment is needed. However, little information is known about it in Bangladesh, and this gap was addressed - in the present study. METHODS An online-based cross-sectional survey was carried out among 404 university students (62.6% male; 69.3% undergraduates, mean age = 22.35 ± 2.69 years). The survey included questions asking about socio-demographics, personal and family depression history, its' stigma and related programs, and the 20-item Bangla Depression Literacy questionnaire. RESULTS The results showed a mean score of 9.30 (SD = 2.75; out of total 20 scores) on the Bangla D-Lit scale. Participants had very limited knowledge of the psychotic symptoms, impact, and management subscales. Moreover, nine items out of the total twenty-items were answered correctly by at least 50% of the participants. There were no significant D-Lit score differences based on gender and past-year personal history, and family depression history. Structural equation modeling indicated that having knowledge about depression and attending depression seminars were positively related to elevated depression literacy. LIMITATIONS The study has some limitations due to its cross-sectional study nature and modest sample size. In addition, there the assessment of depression did not use a validated psychometric instrument and the D-Lit comprises multiple-choice responses so the real rate of depression literacy may be even lower than that found because participants could have guessed answers that they did not know. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study suggest that depression literacy was low in the population studied and the findings here will help to facilitate mental health literacy awareness programs in the context of Bangladeshi students as well as those outside the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shabnam Naher
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Sabrina Moonajilin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahsanul Mahbub Jobayar
- Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Istihak Rayhan
- Undergraduate Research Organization, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Economics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
| | - Kagan Kircaburun
- Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, UK
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, UK
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Saiful Islam M, Rahman ME, Moonajilin MS, Griffiths MD. Validation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of bangla nine-item Internet Disorder Scale-Short Form. J Addict Dis 2020; 38:540-549. [PMID: 32762512 DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2020.1799134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Online activities such as online gaming and social media use have become very popular and for most individuals, engagement in such activities is highly enjoyable. However, for a small minority of individuals, such behaviors can lead to problematic internet use. There are many screening instruments that assess problematic internet use including the nine-item Internet Disorder Scale-Short-Form (IDS9-SF). The present study translated the IDS9-SF into Bangla and investigated its psychometric properties. The sample comprised 534 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years (61.0% male; mean age 15.7 years (SD = 1.5) from selected schools (secondary and higher secondary) in Dhaka City. The study included confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and item-total correlation. Results demonstrated that the Bangla IDS9-SF had very good internal validity (Cronbach's alpha = .82), and that IDS score was positively and significantly correlated with scores on depression and anxiety scales. A confirmatory factor analysis showed the model had an excellent fit to the data. Therefore, the Bangla IDS9-SF appears to be a valid and reliable instrument that may be employed in further research on problematic internet use in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Saiful Islam
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh.,Youth Research Association, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Md Estiar Rahman
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Sabrina Moonajilin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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Mamun MA, Hossain MS, Moonajilin MS, Masud MT, Misti JM, Griffiths MD. Does loneliness, self-esteem and psychological distress correlate with problematic internet use? A Bangladeshi survey study. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2020; 12:e12386. [PMID: 32243089 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Researchers have claimed that problematic internet use (PIU) and internet addiction (IA) is a global mental health problem. However, little research has addressed this issue in Bangladesh and no previous study has examined the relationship between PIU and potential psychological risk factors. AIM The present study examined the prevalence of PIU and its associated risk factors including socio-demographic variables, internet use behaviors, and other psychological variables including loneliness, self-esteem, and psychological distress. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among Bangladeshi students (N = 605). Measures included the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the General Health Questionnaire. RESULTS Using a cut-off score of ≤60 (out of 100) on the IAT, the prevalence of PIU was 16.5% (n = 100). Regression analysis showed that sleep disturbance (more or less than 6-7 hours sleeping time), not using internet for academic purposes, and online chatting were risk factors for PIU. Loneliness and psychological distress were positively correlated with PIU, whereas self-esteem was negatively correlated. CONCLUSIONS The present study highlights that PIU among Bangladeshi university students is an issue of concern and that targeted prevention is needed among emerging adults to help overcome the potentially negative effects of problematic internet use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Undergraduate Research Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sharif Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Undergraduate Research Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Sabrina Moonajilin
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Tanvir Masud
- Undergraduate Research Organization, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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