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Nazloo EK, Danesh M, Sarrafzadeh MH, Moheimani NR, Ennaceri H. Biomass and hydrocarbon production from Botryococcus braunii: A review focusing on cultivation methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171734. [PMID: 38508258 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Botryococcus braunii has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its ability to produce high amounts of renewable hydrocarbons through photosynthesis. As the world shifts towards a greener future and seeks alternative sources of energy, the cultivation of B. braunii and the extraction of its hydrocarbons can potentially provide a viable solution. However, the development of a sustainable and cost-effective process for cultivating B. braunii is not without challenges. Compared to other microalgae, B. braunii grows very slowly, making it time-consuming and expensive to produce biomass. In response to these challenges, several efforts have been put into optimizing Botryococcus braunii cultivation systems to increase biomass growth and hydrocarbon production efficiency. This review presents a comparative analysis of different Botryococcus braunii cultivation systems, and the factors affecting the productivity of biomass and hydrocarbon in Botryococcus braunii are critically discussed. Attached microalgal growth offers several advantages that hold significant potential for enhancing the economic viability of microalgal fuels. Here, we propose that employing attached growth cultivation, coupled with the milking technique for hydrocarbon extraction, represents an efficient approach for generating renewable fuels from B. braunii. Nevertheless, further research is needed to ascertain the viability of large-scale implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Khorshidi Nazloo
- UNESCO Chair on Water Reuse, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moslem Danesh
- UNESCO Chair on Water Reuse, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Department of Petroleum Drilling and Refining, Kurdistan Technical Institute Sulaimaniya, Iraq; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Qaiwan International University, Sulaimaniya, Iraq
| | - Mohammad-Hossein Sarrafzadeh
- UNESCO Chair on Water Reuse, School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Reza Moheimani
- Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Centre for Water, Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia
| | - Houda Ennaceri
- Algae R&D Centre, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150, Australia; Centre for Water, Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth 6150, Australia.
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Zhang JT, Wang JX, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wang JH, Chi ZY, Kong FT. Microalgal-bacterial biofilms for wastewater treatment: Operations, performances, mechanisms, and uncertainties. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167974. [PMID: 37884155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal-bacterial biofilms have been increasingly considered of great potential in wastewater treatment due to the advantages of microalgal-bacterial synergistic pollutants removal/recovery, CO2 sequestration, and cost-effective biomass-water separation. However, such advantages may vary widely among different types of microalgal-bacterial biofilms, as the biofilms could be formed on different shapes and structures of attachment substratum, generating "false hope" for certain systems in large-scale wastewater treatment if the operating conditions and pollutants removal properties are evaluated based on the general term "microalgal-bacterial biofilm". This study, therefore, classified microalgal-bacterial biofilms into biofilms formed on 2D substratum, biofilms formed on 3D substratum, and biofilms formed without substratum (i.e. microalgal-bacterial granular sludge, MBGS). Biofilms formed on 2D substratum display higher microalgae fractions and nutrients removal efficiencies, while the adopted long hydraulic retention times were unacceptable for large-scale wastewater treatment. MBGS are featured with much lower microalgae fractions, most efficient pollutants removal, and acceptable retention times for realistic application, yet the feasibility of using natural sunlight should be further explored. 3D substratum systems display wide variations in operating conditions and pollutants removal properties because of diversified substratum shapes and structures. 2D and 3D substratum biofilms share more common in eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbial community structures, while MGBS biofilms are more enriched with microorganisms favoring EPS production, biofilm formation, and denitrification. The specific roles of stratified extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in nutrients adsorption and condensation still require in-depth exploration. Nutrients removal uncertainties caused by microalgal-bacterial synergy decoupling under insufficient illumination, limited microbial community control, and possible greenhouse gas emission exacerbation arising from microalgal N2O generation were also indicated. This review is helpful for revealing the true potential of applying various microalgal-bacterial biofilms in large-scale wastewater treatment, and will provoke some insights on the challenges to the ideal state of synergistic pollutants reclamation and carbon neutrality via microalgal-bacterial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Tian Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jian-Xia Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jing-Han Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China.
| | - Zhan-You Chi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Fan-Tao Kong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
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Tong CY, Chua MX, Tan WH, Derek CJC. Microalgal extract as bio-coating to enhance biofilm growth of marine microalgae on microporous membranes. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137712. [PMID: 36592830 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgal biofilm is a popular platform for algal production, nutrient removal and carbon capture; however, it suffers from significant biofilm exfoliation under shear force exposure. Hence, a biologically-safe coating made up of algal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was utilized to secure the biofilm cell retention and cell loading on commercial microporous membrane (polyvinylidene fluoride), making the surfaces more hydrophobic (contact angle increase up to 12°). Results demonstrated that initial cell adhesion of three marine microalgae (Amphora coffeaeformis, Cylindrotheca fusiformis and Navicula incerta) was enhanced by at least 1.3 times higher than that of pristine control within only seven days with minimized biofilm exfoliation issue due to uniform distribution of sticky transparent exopolymer particles. Bounded extracellular polysaccharide gathered was approximately 23% higher on EPS-coated membranes to improve the biofilm's hydraulic resistance, whereas bounded extracellular protein would only be substantially elevated after the attached cells re-accommodate themselves onto the EPS pre-coating of themselves. In accounting the rises of hydrophobic protein content, biofilm was believed to be more stabilized, presumably via hydrophobic interactions. EPS biocoating would generate a groundswell of interest for bioprocess intensifications though there are lots of inherent technical and molecular challenges to be further investigated in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Tong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M X Chua
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Win Hung Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - C J C Derek
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
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4
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Witthohn M, Strieth D, Kollmen J, Schwarz A, Ulber R, Muffler K. Process Technologies of Cyanobacteria. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [PMID: 36571615 DOI: 10.1007/10_2022_214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although the handling and exploitation of cyanobacteria is associated with some challenges, these phototrophic bacteria offer great opportunities for innovative biotechnological processes. This chapter covers versatile aspects of working with cyanobacteria, starting with up-to-date in silico and in vitro screening methods for bioactive substances. Subsequently, common conservation techniques and vitality/viability estimation methods are compared and supplemented by own data regarding the non-invasive vitality evaluation via pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry. Moreover, novel findings about the influence the state of the pre-cultures have on main cultures are presented. The following sub-chapters deal with different photobioreactor-designs, with special regard to biofilm photobioreactors, as well as with heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation modes. The latter topic provides information from literature on successfully enhanced cyanobacterial production processes, augmented by own data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Witthohn
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany
| | - Dorina Strieth
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jonas Kollmen
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anna Schwarz
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Kai Muffler
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany
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Li C, Wang JH, Yu C, Zhang JT, Chi ZY, Zhang Q. Growth-promoting effects of phytohormones on capillary-driven attached Chlorella sp. biofilm. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128117. [PMID: 36244605 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Using low strength wastewater for microalgae cultivation is challenged by slow growth and biomass harvesting issue in suspended systems, and growth-promoting effects of phytohormones at currently recommended dosages could neither obtain high enough biomass concentrations nor economic feasibility. This study aims to solve the issues of slow growth, biomass harvest, and phytohormone costs altogether by supplementing low dosage phytohormones in an improved capillary-driven attached cultivation device. The device displayed nutrients-condensing properties, and dosages of indole acetic acid (IAA), 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), and salicylic acid (SA) for highest microalgal growth were respectively 10-6 M, 10-6 M, and 10-7 M, being at least one order of magnitude lower than in suspended cultures. SA was most effective in growth-promoting (up to 7.0 g/m2 biomass density) and nutrients uptake (up to 98.6 % from the bulk environment), while IAA was most effective in antioxidative defenses. These results provided new insights in cost-effective and harvesting-convenient microalgae production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jing-Han Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China.
| | - Chong Yu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Jing-Tian Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Zhan-You Chi
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, PR China
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Wan Mahari WA, Wan Razali WA, Manan H, Hersi MA, Ishak SD, Cheah W, Chan DJC, Sonne C, Show PL, Lam SS. Recent advances on microalgae cultivation for simultaneous biomass production and removal of wastewater pollutants to achieve circular economy. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 364:128085. [PMID: 36220529 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are known for containing high value compounds and its significant role in sequestering carbon dioxide. This review mainly focuses on the emerging microalgae cultivation technologies such as nanomaterials technology that can improve light distribution during microalgae cultivation, attached cultivation and co-cultivation approaches that can improve growth and proliferation of algal cells, biomass yield and lipid accumulation in microalgal. This review includes a comprehensive discussion on the use of microbubbles technology to enhance aerated bubble capacity in photobioreactor to improve microalgal growth. This is followed by discussion on the role of microalgae as phycoremediation agent in removal of contaminants from wastewater, leading to better water quality and high productivity of shellfish. The review also includes techno-economic assessment of microalgae biorefinery technology, which is useful for scaling up the microalgal biofuel production system or integrated microalgae-shellfish cultivation system to support circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Adibah Wan Mahari
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Henan 450002, Zhengzhou, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Wan Aizuddin Wan Razali
- Faculty of Fisheries & Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Hidayah Manan
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Mursal Abdulkadir Hersi
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Sairatul Dahlianis Ishak
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Wee Cheah
- Insitute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Derek Juinn Chieh Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Christian Sonne
- Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center for Biomass Value-added Products, School of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Henan 450002, Zhengzhou, China; Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia; Automotive Development Centre (ADC), Institute for Vehicle Systems and Engineering (IVeSE), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India.
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Rosmahadi NA, Rawindran H, Lim JW, Kiatkittipong W, Assabumrungrat S, Najdanovic-Visak V, Wang J, Chidi BS, Ho CD, Abdelfattah EA, Lam SM, Sin JC. Enhancing growth environment for attached microalgae to populate onto spent coffee grounds in producing biodiesel. RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 2022; 169:112940. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2022.112940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
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8
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Rawindran H, Lim JW, Raksasat R, Liew CS, Sahrin NT, Leong WH, Kiatkittipong W, Abdelfattah EA, Lam MK, Goh PS, Kang HS. pH spurring microalgal cells to subsist onto palm kernel expeller for growing into biodiesel feedstock. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS 2022; 53:102672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seta.2022.102672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
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9
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Wang YN, Zhang JT, Wang JH, Chi ZY, Zhang Q. High robustness of attached Chlorella sp. on semi-continuous low strength effluent polishing under axenic and xenic conditions. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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10
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In-na P, Byrne F, Caldwell GS, Lee JG. Techno-economic analysis of living biocomposites for carbon capture from breweries. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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11
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Wong YY, Rawindran H, Lim JW, Tiong ZW, Liew CS, Lam MK, Kiatkittipong W, Abdelfattah EA, Oh WD, Ho YC. Attached microalgae converting spent coffee ground into lipid for biodiesel production and sequestering atmospheric CO2 simultaneously. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Sirohi R, Kumar Pandey A, Ranganathan P, Singh S, Udayan A, Kumar Awasthi M, Hoang AT, Chilakamarry CR, Kim SH, Sim SJ. Design and applications of photobioreactors- a review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 349:126858. [PMID: 35183729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There has been increasing attention in recent years on the use of photobioreactors for various biotechnological applications, especially for the cultivation of microalgae. Photobioreactors-based production of photosynthetic microorganisms furnish several advantages as minimising toxicity and providing improved conditions. However, the designing and scaling-up of photobioreactors (PBRs) remain a challenge. Due to huge capital investment and operating cost, there is a deficiency of suitable PBRs for development of photosynthetic microorganisms on large-scale. It is, therefore, highly desirable to understand the current state-of-the-art PBRs, their advantages and limitations so as to classify different PBRs as per their most suited applications. This review provides a holistic overview of the discreet features of diverse PBR designs and their purpose in microalgae growth and biohydrogen production and also summarizes the recent development in use of hybrid PBRs to increase their working efficiency and overall economics of their operation for the production of value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjna Sirohi
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow 226 029, India; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Shikhangi Singh
- Department of Postharvest Processing and Food Engineering, GB Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Aswathy Udayan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100,PR China
| | - Anh Tuan Hoang
- Institute of Engineering, HUTECH University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Sang Hyoun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jun Sim
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 136713, Republic of Korea.
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Immobilising Microalgae and Cyanobacteria as Biocomposites: New Opportunities to Intensify Algae Biotechnology and Bioprocessing. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14092566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a groundswell of interest in applying phototrophic microorganisms, specifically microalgae and cyanobacteria, for biotechnology and ecosystem service applications. However, there are inherent challenges associated with conventional routes to their deployment (using ponds, raceways and photobioreactors) which are synonymous with suspension cultivation techniques. Cultivation as biofilms partly ameliorates these issues; however, based on the principles of process intensification, by taking a step beyond biofilms and exploiting nature inspired artificial cell immobilisation, new opportunities become available, particularly for applications requiring extensive deployment periods (e.g., carbon capture and wastewater bioremediation). We explore the rationale for, and approaches to immobilised cultivation, in particular the application of latex-based polymer immobilisation as living biocomposites. We discuss how biocomposites can be optimised at the design stage based on mass transfer limitations. Finally, we predict that biocomposites will have a defining role in realising the deployment of metabolically engineered organisms for real world applications that may tip the balance of risk towards their environmental deployment.
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14
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Pugazhendhi A, Nagappan S, Bhosale RR, Tsai PC, Natarajan S, Devendran S, Al-Haj L, Ponnusamy VK, Kumar G. Various potential techniques to reduce the water footprint of microalgal biomass production for biofuel-A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:142218. [PMID: 33370912 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to their rapid growth rates, high lipid productivity, and ability to synthesize value-added products, microalgae are considered as the potential biofuel feedstocks. However, among the several bottlenecks that are hindering the commercialization of microalgal biofuel synthesis, the issue of high water consumption is the least explored. This analysis, therefore, examines the factors that decide water use for the production of microalgae biofuel. Microalgae biodiesel water footprint varies from 3.5 to 3726 kg of water per kg of biodiesel. The study further investigates the cause for large variability in the estimation of the water footprint for microalgae fuel. Various strategies, including the reuse of harvested water, the use of high density cultivation that could be adopted for low water consumption in microalgal biofuel production are discussed. Specifically, the review identified a reciprocal relationship between biomass productivity and water footprint. On the basis of which the review emphasizes the significance of high density cultivation, which can be inexpensive and feasible relative to other water-saving techniques. With the setback of water scarcity due to the rapid industrialization in developing countries, the implementation of the cultivation system with a focus on minimizing the water consumption is inevitable for a successful large scale microalgal biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
| | - Senthil Nagappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous- Affiliated to Anna University), Sriperumbudur 602 117, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul R Bhosale
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, P. O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, & Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan
| | - Shakunthala Natarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering (Autonomous- Affiliated to Anna University), Sriperumbudur 602 117, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Devendran
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lamya Al-Haj
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, & Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital (KMUH), Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Assunção J, Malcata FX. Enclosed “non-conventional” photobioreactors for microalga production: A review. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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16
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Azam R, Kothari R, Singh HM, Ahmad S, Ashokkumar V, Tyagi VV. Production of algal biomass for its biochemical profile using slaughterhouse wastewater for treatment under axenic conditions. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123116. [PMID: 32203901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Slaughterhouse produce large amount of wastewater, containing high pollutant load in terms of protein, fats and meat pieces, might lead to source of non-point contamination. Various concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) of slaughterhouse wastewater were used to increase the algal biomass production, pollutants removal and biochemical profile analysis under controlled conditions of C. pyrenoidosa. Results showed that the maximum biomass yield 430 mg L-1 was achieved at 50% concentration of wastewater to other concentration of wastewater. Direct relation was observed in between pollution load and nutrient load of SHWW with biochemical profile of C. pyrenoidosa. The COD/BOD ratio (1.9) was found to be significant on the scale of degradability by algal biomass. Sufficient nutrient removal efficiencies (23-42%, 18-48%) and pollutant load efficiencies (17-31%, 7-29%) were observed. Findings showed that slaughterhouse wastewater is rich in nutrients, which can be utilized for algal biomass production and wastewater remediation for future endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Azam
- Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Richa Kothari
- Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P, India; Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Jammu, Samba, J&K, India.
| | - Har Mohan Singh
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India
| | - Shamshad Ahmad
- Bioenergy and Wastewater Treatment Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | | | - V V Tyagi
- School of Energy Management, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, J&K, India
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17
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Enhanced biomass production and fatty acid accumulation in Scenedesmus sp. LX1 treated with 6-benzylaminopurine. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Ma C, Ren H, Xing D, Xie G, Ren N, Liu B. Enhanced lipid productivity of an oleaginous microalgal mutant strain Scenedesmus sp. Z-4 and the underlying differences responsible for its superior lipid accumulation over wild strain Scenedesmus sp. MC-1. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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19
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Zhuang LL, Yu H, Yang T, Sun S, Wang J. A novel light source provided by photobacteria to improve the growth of microalgal biofilm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Vo HNP, Ngo HH, Guo W, Nguyen TMH, Liu Y, Liu Y, Nguyen DD, Chang SW. A critical review on designs and applications of microalgae-based photobioreactors for pollutants treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:1549-1568. [PMID: 30360283 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of the photobioreactors (PBs) is recently noticeable as cutting-edge technology while the correlation of PBs' engineered elements such as modellings, configurations, biomass yields, operating conditions and pollutants removal efficiency still remains complex and unclear. A systematic understanding of PBs is therefore essential. This critical review study is to: (1) describe the modelling approaches and differentiate the outcomes; (2) review and update the novel technical issues of PBs' types; (3) study microalgae growth and control determined by PBs types with comparison made; (4) progress and compare the efficiencies of contaminants removal given by PBs' types and (5) identify the future perspectives of PBs. It is found that Monod model's shortcoming in internal substrate utilization is well fixed by modified Droop model. The corroborated data also remarks an array of PBs' types consisting of flat plate, column, tubular, soft-frame and hybrid configuration in which soft-frame and hybrid are the latest versions with higher flexibility, performance and smaller foot-print. Flat plate PBs is observed with biomass yield being 5 to 20 times higher than other PBs types while soft-frame and membrane PBs can also remove pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) up to 100%. Looking at an opportunity for PBs in sustainable development, the flat plate PBs are applicable in PB-based architectures and infrastructures indicating an encouraging revenue-raising potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Nhat Phong Vo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Wenshan Guo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Thi Minh Hong Nguyen
- School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yi Liu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai, China
| | - Dinh Duc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, 442-760, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Derakhshan Z, Ehrampoush MH, Mahvi AH, Dehghani M, Faramarzian M, Eslami H. A comparative study of hybrid membrane photobioreactor and membrane photobioreactor for simultaneous biological removal of atrazine and CNP from wastewater: A performance analysis and modeling. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2018.08.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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22
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Attached culture of Chlamydomonas sp. JSC4 for biofilm production and TN/TP/Cu(II) removal. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Statistical optimization of light intensity and CO 2 concentration for lipid production derived from attached cultivation of green microalga Ettlia sp. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15390. [PMID: 30337595 PMCID: PMC6193934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Attached cultivation systems have been receiving extensive attention as a breakthrough in microalgae cultivation technology. However, there is a lack of studies that emphasize precise optimization of important parameters in attached cultivation of microalgae. In this study, the effects of two major environmental parameters in photoautotrophic cultivation, light intensity and CO2 concentration, on the biomass and lipid surface productivity of Ettlia sp. YC001 were optimized by employing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and validated experimentally. The optimum initial conditions for attached cultivation were use of seed from the late exponential phase (LE) and an inoculum surface density of 2.5 g/m2. By optimization, maximum biomass surface productivity of 28.0 ± 1.5 g/m2/day was achieved at 730 μE/m2/s with 8% CO2. The maximum lipid surface productivity was 4.2 ± 0.3 g/m2/day at 500 μE/m2/s with 7% CO2. Change of the fatty acid composition with respect to changes in environment parameters led to improvement of biodiesel quality at higher light intensity and higher CO2 concentration. Attached cultivation of Ettlia sp. YC001 has successfully produced biomass and lipids at a high production rate with relatively low light energy demand and high CO2 utilization.
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