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Mulisa G, Pero-Gascon R, McCormack V, Bisanz JE, Talukdar FR, Abebe T, De Boevre M, De Saeger S. Multiple mycotoxin exposure assessment through human biomonitoring in an esophageal cancer case-control study in the Arsi-Bale districts of Oromia region of Ethiopia. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2025; 263:114466. [PMID: 39306897 PMCID: PMC11635094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignancy with a poor prognosis and a five-year survival rate of less than 20%. It is the ninth most frequent cancer globally and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The incidence of EC has been found to vary significantly by geography, indicating the importance of environmental and lifestyle factors along with genetic factors in the onset of the disease. In this work, we investigated mycotoxin exposure in a case-control study from the Arsi-Bale districts of Oromia regional state in Ethiopia, where there is a high incidence of EC while alcohol and tobacco use - two established risk factors for EC - are very rare. METHODS Internal exposure to 39 mycotoxins and metabolites was assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in plasma samples of EC cases (n = 166) and location-matched healthy controls (n = 166) who shared similar dietary sources. Demographic and lifestyle data were collected using structured questionnaires. Principal Component Analysis and machine learning models were used to identify the most relevant demographic, lifestyle, and mycotoxin (co-)exposure variables associated with EC. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess EC risk. RESULT Evidence of mycotoxin exposure was observed in all plasma samples, with 10 different mycotoxins being detected in samples from EC cases, while only 6 different mycotoxins were detected in samples from healthy controls. Ochratoxin A was detected in plasma from all cases and controls, while tenuazonic acid was detected in plasma of 145 (87.3%) cases and 71 (42.8%) controls. Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, exposure to tenuazonic acid (AOR = 1.88 [95% CI: 1.68-2.11]) and to multiple mycotoxins (AOR = 2.54 [95% CI: 2.10-3.07]) were positively associated with EC. CONCLUSION All cases and controls were exposed to at least one mycotoxin. Cases were exposed to a statistically significantly higher number of mycotoxins than controls. Exposure to tenuazonic acid and to multiple mycotoxins were associated with increased risk of EC in the study population. Although aflatoxin B1-lysine and the ratio of sphinganine to sphingosine (as a biomarker of effect to fumonisin exposure) were not assessed in this study, our result emphasizes the need to characterize the effect of mycotoxin co-exposure as part of the exposome and include it in risk assessment, since the current mycotoxin safety levels do not consider the additive or synergistic effects of mycotoxin co-exposure. Moreover, a prospective study design with regular sampling should be considered in this high incidence area of EC in Ethiopia to obtain conclusive results on the role of mycotoxin exposure in the onset and development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girma Mulisa
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Adama Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia
| | - Roger Pero-Gascon
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | | | - Jordan E Bisanz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Fazlur Rahman Talukdar
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia
| | - Marthe De Boevre
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Muramatsu A, Kawakami T. Incidence of hematologic cancer types in Japan by ICD-O-3 code: analysis of National Cancer Registry. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:2413801. [PMID: 39417315 PMCID: PMC11495515 DOI: 10.1080/20565623.2024.2413801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: We classified subtypes of hematologic cancer in Japan's National Cancer Registry (NCR) in 2016 by ICD-O-3 code and compared numbers with the Japanese Society of Hematology's Blood Diseases Registry (BDR).Materials & methods: We reviewed data for individual cases, and calculated incidence per 100,000.Results: NCR reported 67,919 cases of hematological cancer, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Not Otherwise Specified (NOS) (11.07 per 100,000), plasma cell myeloma (5.26/100,000), myelodysplastic syndrome, NOS (3.92/100,000), malignant lymphoma, NOS (3.03/100,000), marginal zone B-cell lymphoma, NOS (2.52/100,000) and follicular lymphoma, grade 1 (1.43/100,000). Around 48% of NCR cancers were also reported in the Blood Diseases Registry.Conclusion: ICD-O-3 codes revealed 12,365 additional cases to the 55,554 reported publicly. Accurately updated data are necessary for medical resource planning.
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Obaid MI, Shahzad MS, Latif F, Khan MH, Akram M, Mehdi Rizvi SA, Umer Nasrullah RM, Asad D, Obaid MA. Relationship between SGLT2 inhibitor use and specific cancer types: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:2400797. [PMID: 39344829 PMCID: PMC11444652 DOI: 10.1080/20565623.2024.2400797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: The study aimed to explore the incidence of cancer as an adverse event to SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) use in Type 2 diabetes.Materials & methods: The study followed PRISMA guidelines to pool RCTs conforming the inclusion criteria. Random effects model was used to pool risk ratios.Results & conclusion: After reviewing 19 studies, the analysis suggested a possible increased risk of reproductive, breast, thyroid, hematologic/lymphatic, urinary, skin and skeletal cancers with SGLT2i use. Conversely, lower incidences of respiratory and cardiovascular cancers were noted. However, these associations lacked statistical significance. Caution is advised in using SGLT2i due to potential cancer risks, especially in diabetic patients prone to cancer. More RCTs are essential due to limited research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishtiaq Obaid
- Department of Medicine, Bahria University Medical & Dental College, Karachi, 74400, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saiem Shahzad
- Department of Medicine, Bahria University Medical & Dental College, Karachi, 74400, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Latif
- Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, 74700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamza Khan
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical & Dental College, Karachi, 74700, Pakistan
| | - Moeez Akram
- Department of Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, 54700, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Dayab Asad
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adil Obaid
- Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, 75510, Pakistan
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Xu D, Shen Y, Zhang N, Deng G, Zheng D, Li P, Cai J, Tian G, Wei Q, Jiang H, Xu J, Wang B, Li K. Aging2Cancer: an integrated resource for linking aging to tumor multi-omics data. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:1205. [PMID: 39695922 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-11150-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging and tumorigenesis share intricate regulatory processes, that alter the genome, epigenome, transcriptome and immune landscape of tissues. Discovering the link between aging and cancer in terms of multiomics characteristics remains a challenge for biomedical researchers. METHODS We collected high-throughput datasets for 57 human tumors and 20 normal tissues, including 23,125 samples with age information. On the basis of these sufficient omics data, we introduced six useful modules including genomic (somatic mutation and copy number variation), gene expression, DNA methylation, hallmarks (aging and cancer), immune landscape (immune infiltration, immune pathways, immune signatures, and antitumor immune activities) and survival analysis. Correlation and differential analyses were performed for the multiomic signatures associated with aging at the gene level. RESULTS We developed Aging2Cancer ( http://210.37.77.200:8080/Aging2Cancer/index.jsp ), which is a comprehensive database and analysis platform for revealing the associations between aging and cancer. Users can search for and visualize the results of genes of interest to explore the relationships between aging and cancer at the gene level for different omics levels. CONCLUSIONS We believe that Aging2Cancer is a valuable resource for identifying novel biomarkers and will serve as a bridge for linking aging to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahua Xu
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Yutong Shen
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Nihui Zhang
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Guoqing Deng
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Dehua Zheng
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Peihu Li
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jiale Cai
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Guanghui Tian
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Qingchen Wei
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Hongyan Jiang
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jiankai Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Kongning Li
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Affiliated Hospital, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- Hainan Engineering Research Center for Health Big Data, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
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Pei Y, Mou Z, Jiang L, Yang J, Gu Y, Min J, Sunzhang L, Xiong N, Xu X, Chi H, Xu K, Liu S, Luo H. Aging and head and neck cancer insights from single cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:801. [PMID: 39692961 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01672-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, with more than 890,000 new cases and 450,000 deaths annually. Its major risk factors include smoking, alcohol abuse, aging, and poor oral hygiene. Due to the lack of early and effective detection and screening methods, many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages with a five-year survival rate of less than 50%. In this study, we deeply explored the expression of Aging-related genes(ARGs) in HNSCC and analyzed their prognostic significance using single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics analysis. This research aims to provide new theoretical support and directions for personalized treatment. Annually, more than 890,000 new cases of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are diagnosed globally, leading to 450,000 deaths, making it the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. The primary risk factors for HNSCC include smoking, alcohol abuse, aging, and poor oral hygiene. Many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages due to the absence of early and effective detection and screening methods, resulting in a five-year survival rate of less than 50%. In this research, single cell sequencing and spatial transcriptome analysis were used to investigate the expression of Aging-related genes (ARGs) in HNSCC and to analyse their prognostic significance. This research aims to provide new theoretical support and directions for personalized treatment. METHODS In this study, we investigated the association between HNSCC and AGRs by utilizing the GSE139324 series in the GEO database alongside the TCGA database, combined with single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics analysis. The data were analyzed using Seurat and tSNE tools to reveal intercellular communication networks. For the spatial transcriptome data, SCTransform and RunPCA were applied to examine the metabolic activities of the cells. Gene expression differences were determined through spacerxr and RCTD tools, while the limma package was employed to identify differentially expressed genes and to predict recurrence rates using Cox regression analysis and column line plots. These findings underscore the potential importance of molecular classification, prognostic assessment, and personalized treatment of HNSCC. RESULTS This study utilized HNSCC single-cell sequencing data to highlight the significance of ARGs in the onset and prognosis of HNSCC. It revealed that the proportion of monocytes and macrophages increased, while the proportion of B cells decreased. Notably, high expression of the APOE gene in monocytes was closely associated with patient prognosis. Additionally, a Cox regression model was developed based on GSTP1 and age to provide personalized prediction tools for clinical use in predicting patient survival. CONCLUSIONS We utilized single-cell sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to explore the cellular characteristics of HNSCC and its interaction with the tumor microenvironment. Our findings reveal that HNSCC tissues show increased mononuclear cells and demonstrate enhanced activity in ARGs, thereby advancing our understanding of HNSCC development mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pei
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhuying Mou
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jinyan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yuheng Gu
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jie Min
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Lingyi Sunzhang
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Nan Xiong
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- School of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401147, China.
| | - Sinian Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xichong People's Hospital, Nanchong, 637200, China.
| | - Huiyan Luo
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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Hu M, Li M, Lin Y, Pei J, Yao Q, Jiang L, Jin Y, Tian Y, Zhu C. Age-specific incidence trends of 32 cancers in China, 1983 to 2032: Evidence from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:2180-2189. [PMID: 38973577 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
The long-term incidence trends of 32 cancers in China remained unclear. Cancer statistics for young population were often presented in aggregate, masking important heterogeneity. We aimed to assess the incidence trends of 32 cancers in China from 1983 to 2032, stratified by sex and age groups. Data on cancer incidence from 1983 to 2017 were extracted from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents Volumes VI-XII. The age-period-cohort model was utilized to assess age and birth cohort effects on the temporal trends of 32 cancers in China, while the Bayesian age-period-cohort model was utilized to project future trends from 2018 to 2032. An increase in cohort effects is observed in some cancers such as thyroid and kidney cancers. Eight of the 12 obesity-related cancers may rise in the 0-14 age group, and nine in the 15-39 age group from 2013 to 2032. Liver and stomach cancers show an increasing trend among the younger population, contrasting with the observed declining trend in the middle-aged population. There has been a significant rise in the proportions of cervical cancer among females aged 40-64 (4.3%-19.1%), and prostate cancer among males aged 65+ (1.1%-11.8%) from 1983 to 2032. Cancer spectrum in China is shifting toward that in developed countries. Incidence rates of most cancers across different age groups may increase in recent cohorts. It is essential to insist effective preventive interventions, and promote healthier lifestyles, such as reducing obesity, especially among younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mandi Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yidie Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Pei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhe Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gros L, Yip R, Zhu Y, Li P, Paksashvili N, Sun Q, Yankelevitz DF, Henschke CI. GI cancer mortality in participants in low dose CT screening for lung cancer with a focus on pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:29851. [PMID: 39617764 PMCID: PMC11609297 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-76322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths globally, has better survival rates with early detection. Annual low-dose CT (LDCT) screenings are recommended for high-risk individuals due to age and smoking. These individuals are also at risk for other cancers. Our study explores gastrointestinal (GI) cancer mortality in lung cancer screening participants and the potential of LDCT screenings to detect pancreatic cancer. We utilized data from a prospective multi-institutional cohort study, the International Early Lung Cancer Action Project (I-ELCAP). We analyzed GI cancer deaths among participants in New York State (1992-2010), exploring demographics and GI cancer distribution. Radiologists retrospectively reviewed pancreatic cancer cases within 24 months post-LDCT, comparing findings with original reports. Among 10,150 participants, 189 died from GI cancers; mean age 75, mostly male smokers. Pancreatic cancer (41.8%) led, followed by esophageal (17.5%) and colon cancer (16.9%). Median time between baseline LDCT and death was 116 months (9.7 years). 82/189 (43.4%) participants died within 5 years of their last LDCT screening, with pancreatic cancer again prominent (45.1%). In 79 pancreatic cancer deaths, 17.7% occurred within 24 months post-LDCT. A re-review identified previously undetected pancreatic findings, with 4 out of 14 participants (28.6%) showing abnormalities. This underscores the potential of lung cancer screening programs to provide insights beyond lung health. This study of over 10,000 participants in a lung cancer screening program reveals that they are at risk for GI cancer deaths, particularly pancreatic cancer. Re-reviews of LDCT scans revealed previously undocumented pancreatic findings in a third of participants who died from pancreatic cancer, underscoring the need to identify, document, and follow up on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Gros
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Rowena Yip
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Yeqing Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Natela Paksashvili
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - David F Yankelevitz
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Claudia I Henschke
- Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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Goertzen A, Kidane B, Ahmed N, Aliani M. Potential urinary volatile organic compounds as screening markers in cancer - a review. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1448760. [PMID: 39655069 PMCID: PMC11626232 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1448760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Early detection of cancer typically facilitates improved patient outcomes; however, many cancers are not easily diagnosed at an early stage. One potential route for developing new, non-invasive methods of cancer detection is by testing for cancer-related volatile organic compounds (VOCs) biomarkers in patients' urine. In this review, 44 studies covering the use and/or identification of cancer-related VOCs were examined, including studies which examined multiple types of cancer simultaneously, as well as diverse study designs. Among these studies the most studied cancers included prostate cancer (29% of papers), lung cancer (22%), breast cancer (20%), and bladder cancer (18%), with a smaller number of studies focused on colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, skin, liver cancer and others. Importantly, most studies which produced a VOC-based model of cancer detection observed a combined sensitivity and specificity above 150%, indicating that urine-based methods of cancer detection show considerable promise as a diagnostic tool. Mass spectrometry (MS) and electronic noses (eNose) were the most employed tools used in the detection of VOCs, while animal-based models were less common. In terms of VOCs of interest, 47 chemical species identified as correlated with various types of cancer in at least two unrelated papers, some of which were consistently up- or down-regulated in cancer patients, and which may represent useful targets for future studies investing urinary VOC biomarkers of cancer. Overall, it was concluded that research in this field has shown promising results, but more work may be needed before the widespread adoption of these techniques takes place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Goertzen
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Saint Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Biniam Kidane
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute, CancerCare, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Radiology, Section of Radiation Oncology, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Michel Aliani
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Saint Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Center, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Cho B, Pan Y, German M, Lee S, Stallings-Smith S. Cancer Information Seekers' Comprehension Level and the Association With Preventable Cancer Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis From a Nationally Representative U.S. Adult Survey. Am J Health Promot 2024:8901171241300135. [PMID: 39536326 DOI: 10.1177/08901171241300135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association between U.S. adult cancer information seekers' comprehension level and preventable cancer risk factors. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING Health Information National Trends Survey-6, 2022. SUBJECTS 2,453 cancer information seekers. MEASURES Four cancer risk factors were dichotomized: cigarette smoking (have smoked ≥100 cigarettes and currently smoke every day/some days); experiencing sunburn (≥1 times/past 12 months); being overweight/obese (≥25 body mass index [kg/m2]); and binge drinking (≥5 [male] or ≥4 [female] alcoholic drinks on one occasion/past 30 days). Individuals who reported that cancer information was hard to understand were considered having comprehension difficulties. ANALYSIS Binomial and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of cancer information comprehension level with individual and cumulative cancer risk factors, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, age, annual household income, education level, metropolitan status, depressed mood, and cancer diagnosis history. RESULTS Cancer information seekers with comprehension difficulties had higher odds of binge drinking (aOR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.46), being overweight/obese (aOR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.96), and experiencing sunburn (aOR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.11), as well as having ≥3 (aOR: 3.38, 95% CI: 1.87, 6.09) cancer risk factors concurrently than cancer information seekers without comprehension difficulties. CONCLUSION Dissemination of easy-to-understand cancer information would help better prevent cancer risk factors for cancer information seekers with comprehension difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomyoung Cho
- Department of Public Health, College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, University of Tennessee - Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Yining Pan
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Mariel German
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sukwon Lee
- School of Information Science, University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sericea Stallings-Smith
- Department of Public Health, Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Manso BA, Medina P, Smith-Berdan S, Rodriguez Y Baena A, Bachinsky E, Mok L, Deguzman A, Avila SB, Chattopadhyaya S, Rommel MGE, Jönsson VD, Forsberg EC. A rare HSC-derived megakaryocyte progenitor accumulates via enhanced survival and contributes to exacerbated thrombopoiesis upon aging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.11.04.621964. [PMID: 39574585 PMCID: PMC11580903 DOI: 10.1101/2024.11.04.621964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2024]
Abstract
Distinct routes of cellular production from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have defined our current view of hematopoiesis. Recently, we challenged classical views of platelet generation, demonstrating that megakaryocyte progenitors (MkPs), and ultimately platelets, can be specified via an alternate and additive route of HSC-direct specification specifically during aging. This "shortcut" pathway generates hyperactive platelets likely to contribute to age-related platelet-mediated morbidities. Here, we used single-cell RNA/CITEseq to demonstrate that these age-unique, non-canonical (nc)MkPs can be prospectively defined and experimentally isolated from wild type mice. Surprisingly, this revealed that a rare population of ncMkPs also exist in young mice. Young and aged ncMkPs are functionally distinct from their canonical (c)MkP counterparts, with aged ncMkPs paradoxically and uniquely exhibiting enhanced survival and platelet generation capacity. We further demonstrate that aged HSCs generate significantly more ncMkPs than their younger counterparts, yet this is accomplished without strict clonal restriction. Together, these findings reveal significant phenotypic, functional, and aging-dependent heterogeneity among the MkP pool and uncover unique features of megakaryopoiesis throughout life, potentially offering cellular and molecular targets for mitigation of age-related adverse thrombotic events.
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11
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Hatse S, Lambrechts Y, Antoranz Martinez A, De Schepper M, Geukens T, Vos H, Berben L, Messiaen J, Marcelis L, Van Herck Y, Neven P, Smeets A, Desmedt C, De Smet F, Bosisio FM, Wildiers H, Floris G. Dissecting the immune infiltrate of primary luminal B-like breast carcinomas in relation to age. J Pathol 2024; 264:344-356. [PMID: 39344093 DOI: 10.1002/path.6354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The impact of aging on the immune landscape of luminal breast cancer (Lum-BC) is poorly characterized. Understanding the age-related dynamics of immune editing in Lum-BC is anticipated to improve the therapeutic benefit of immunotherapy in older patients. To this end, here we applied the 'multiple iterative labeling by antibody neo-deposition' (MILAN) technique, a spatially resolved single-cell multiplex immunohistochemistry method. We created tissue microarrays by sampling both the tumor center and invasive front of luminal breast tumors collected from a cohort of treatment-naïve patients enrolled in the prospective monocentric IMAGE (IMmune system and AGEing) study. Patients were subdivided into three nonoverlapping age categories (35-45 = 'young', n = 12; 55-65 = 'middle', n = 15; ≥70 = 'old', n = 26). Additionally, depending on localization and amount of cytotoxic T lymphocytes, the tumor immune types 'desert' (n = 22), 'excluded' (n = 19), and 'inflamed' (n = 12) were identified. For the MILAN technique we used 58 markers comprising phenotypic and functional markers allowing in-depth characterization of T and B lymphocytes (T&B-lym). These were compared between age groups and tumor immune types using Wilcoxon's test and Pearson's correlation. Cytometric analysis revealed a decline of the immune cell compartment with aging. T&B-lym were numerically less abundant in tumors from middle-aged and old compared to young patients, regardless of the geographical tumor zone. Likewise, desert-type tumors showed the smallest immune-cell compartment and were not represented in the group of young patients. Analysis of immune checkpoint molecules revealed a heterogeneous geographical pattern of expression, indicating higher numbers of PD-L1 and OX40-positive T&B-lym in young compared to old patients. Despite the numerical decline of immune infiltration, old patients retained higher expression levels of OX40 in T helper cells located near cancer cells, compared to middle-aged and young patients. Aging is associated with important numerical and functional changes of the immune landscape in Lum-BC. © 2024 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Hatse
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yentl Lambrechts
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Asier Antoranz Martinez
- Laboratory for Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maxim De Schepper
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research (LTBCR), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatjana Geukens
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research (LTBCR), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vos
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieze Berben
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Messiaen
- Laboratory for Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lukas Marcelis
- Laboratory for Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yannick Van Herck
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Neven
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ann Smeets
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven/KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christine Desmedt
- Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research (LTBCR), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik De Smet
- Laboratory for Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Francesca Maria Bosisio
- Laboratory for Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hans Wildiers
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Multidisciplinary Breast Center, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Laboratory for Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Ordónez-Rubiano EG, Cómbita A, Baldoncini M, Payán-Gómez C, Gómez-Amarillo DF, Hakim F, Camargo J, Zorro-Sepúlveda V, Luzzi S, Zorro O, Parra-Medina R. Cellular Senescence in Diffuse Gliomas: From Physiopathology to Possible Treatments. World Neurosurg 2024; 191:138-148. [PMID: 39233309 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence in gliomas is a complex process that is induced by aging and replication, ionizing radiation, oncogenic stress, and the use of temozolomide. However, the escape routes that gliomas must evade senescence and achieve cellular immortality are much more complex, in which the expression of telomerase and the alternative lengthening of telomeres, as well as the mutation of some proto-oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, are involved. In gliomas, these molecular mechanisms related to cellular senescence can have a tumor-suppressing or promoting effect and are directly involved in tumor recurrence and progression. From these cellular mechanisms related to cellular senescence, it is possible to generate targeted senostatic and senolytic therapies that improve the response to currently available treatments and improve survival rates. This review aims to summarize the mechanisms of induction and evasion of cellular senescence in gliomas, as well as review possible treatments with therapies targeting pathways related to cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar G Ordónez-Rubiano
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Hospital de San José - Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Alba Cómbita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia; Department of Microbiology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Matías Baldoncini
- School of Medicine, Laboratory of Microsurgical Neuroanatomy, Second Chair of Gross Anatomy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Neurological Surgery, Hospital San Fernando, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - César Payán-Gómez
- Dirección Académica, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede de La Paz, La Paz, Colombia
| | - Diego F Gómez-Amarillo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Hakim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julián Camargo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Sabino Luzzi
- Neurosurgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Oscar Zorro
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Hospital de San José - Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rafael Parra-Medina
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia; Research Institute, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS), Hospital de San José - Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia
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13
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Majumder A, Bano S, Nayak KB. The Pivotal Role of One-Carbon Metabolism in Neoplastic Progression During the Aging Process. Biomolecules 2024; 14:1387. [PMID: 39595564 PMCID: PMC11591851 DOI: 10.3390/biom14111387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2024] [Revised: 10/29/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
One-carbon (1C) metabolism is a complex network of metabolic reactions closely related to producing 1C units (as methyl groups) and utilizing them for different anabolic processes, including nucleotide synthesis, methylation, protein synthesis, and reductive metabolism. These pathways support the high proliferative rate of cancer cells. While drugs that target 1C metabolism (like methotrexate) have been used for cancer treatment, they often have significant side effects. Therefore, developing new drugs with minimal side effects is necessary for effective cancer treatment. Methionine, glycine, and serine are the main three precursors of 1C metabolism. One-carbon metabolism is vital not only for proliferative cells but also for non-proliferative cells in regulating energy homeostasis and the aging process. Understanding the potential role of 1C metabolism in aging is crucial for advancing our knowledge of neoplastic progression. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the molecular complexities of 1C metabolism in the context of cancer and aging, paving the way for researchers to explore new avenues for developing advanced therapeutic interventions for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Shabana Bano
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Kasturi Bala Nayak
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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14
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Zweiker D, Bergler-Klein J, Fiedler L, Toth GG, Achleitner R, Schratter A, Stix G, Gabriel H, Binder RK, Rammer M, Pfeffer M, Vock P, Lileg B, Steinwender C, Sihorsch K, Hintringer F, Adukauskaite A, Martinek M, Sturmberger T, Ablasser K, Zirlik A, Scherr D. Left Atrial Appendage Closure in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Cancer. J Clin Med 2024; 13:6514. [PMID: 39518656 PMCID: PMC11546490 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13216514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2024] [Revised: 10/24/2024] [Accepted: 10/29/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: There are limited data about left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in patients with cancer. We therefore sought to compare the outcome after LAAC in patients with vs. without cancer in a multicentre registry. Methods: In this sub-analysis of the prospective Austrian LAAC Registry, we analysed consecutive patients undergoing LAAC to assess the relationship between baseline characteristics and outcome in patients with vs. without cancer. Inverse probability weighting was performed to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics. Results: A total of 486 consecutive patients from 9 centres with a median age of 75 years (IQR 70-79 years; 35.8% female) were included. Fifty-seven patients (11.7%) had a history of cancer. The median CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores were similar in both groups (median [IQR], 4 [4-6] vs. 5 [3-5], p = 0.415; 4 [3-4] vs. 3 [3-4], p = 0.428 in cancer vs. other patients). Cancer patients were significantly older, and anaemia and gastrointestinal bleeding were significantly more common. Major procedural complications occurred in 5.3% vs. 7.0% (p = 0.276) of patients. The cumulative five-year survival rates were 80.7% and 84.8% in cancer vs. other patients (adjusted hazard ratio for death 1.29 [95% CI 0.67-2.48], p = 0.443). There were also no differences in one-year survival (96.1% vs. 94.0%, p = 0.582) and five-year event-free survival (64.9% vs. 74.4%, p = 0.124). Conclusions: In daily clinical practice, LAAC has already been accepted as a treatment option in patients with cancer. This retrospective analysis shows that short-term and adjusted long-term complications are similar in patients with vs. without cancer undergoing LAAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Zweiker
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.G.T.); (K.A.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
- Third Department for Cardiology and Intensive Care, Clinic Ottakring, 1160 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Bergler-Klein
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.-K.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Lukas Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology, Hospital Wiener Neustadt, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria; (L.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Gabor G. Toth
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.G.T.); (K.A.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Reinhard Achleitner
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Alexandra Schratter
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Floridsdorf, 1210 Vienna, Austria; (R.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Guenter Stix
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.-K.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Harald Gabriel
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinic of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (J.B.-K.); (G.S.); (H.G.)
| | - Ronald K. Binder
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, 4600 Wels, Austria; (R.K.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Martin Rammer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Wels-Grieskirchen, 4600 Wels, Austria; (R.K.B.); (M.R.)
| | - Michael Pfeffer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology, Hospital Wiener Neustadt, 2700 Wiener Neustadt, Austria; (L.F.); (M.P.)
| | - Paul Vock
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital St. Pölten, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria; (P.V.); (B.L.)
| | - Brigitte Lileg
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital St. Pölten, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria; (P.V.); (B.L.)
| | - Clemens Steinwender
- Department of Cardiology, Kepler University Hospital, 4020 Linz, Austria; (C.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Kurt Sihorsch
- Department of Cardiology, Kepler University Hospital, 4020 Linz, Austria; (C.S.); (K.S.)
| | - Florian Hintringer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (F.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Agne Adukauskaite
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (F.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Martin Martinek
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Elisabethinen Hospital, 4020 Linz, Austria; (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Thomas Sturmberger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Elisabethinen Hospital, 4020 Linz, Austria; (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Klemens Ablasser
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.G.T.); (K.A.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Andreas Zirlik
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.G.T.); (K.A.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Daniel Scherr
- Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria; (G.G.T.); (K.A.); (A.Z.); (D.S.)
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands
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15
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Wu Y, Miller ME, Gilmore HL, Thompson CL, Schumacher FR. Epigenetic aging differentially impacts breast cancer risk by self-reported race. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308174. [PMID: 39446903 PMCID: PMC11500918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BrCa) is the most common cancer for women globally. BrCa incidence varies by age and differs between racial groups, with Black women having an earlier age of onset and higher mortality compared to White women. The underlying biological mechanisms of this disparity remain uncertain. Here, we address this knowledge gap by examining the association between overall epigenetic age acceleration and BrCa initiation as well as the mediating role of race. RESULTS We measured whole-genome methylation (866,238 CpGs) using the Illumina EPIC array in blood DNA extracted from 209 women recruited from University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center. Overall and intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration was calculated-accounting for the estimated white blood cell distribution-using the second-generation biological clock GrimAge. After quality control, 149 BrCa patients and 42 disease-free controls remained. The overall chronological mean age at BrCa diagnosis was 57.4 ± 11.4 years and nearly one-third of BrCa cases were self-reported Black women (29.5%). When comparing BrCa cases to disease-free controls, GrimAge acceleration was 2.48 years greater (p-value = 0.0056), while intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration was 1.72 years higher (p-value = 0.026) for cases compared to controls. After adjusting for known BrCa risk factors, we observed BrCa risk increased by 14% [odds ratio (OR) = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.25] for a one-year increase in GrimAge acceleration. The stratified analysis by self-reported race revealed differing ORs for GrimAge acceleration: White women (OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.36), and Black women (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 0.96, 1.23). However, our limited sample size failed to detect a statistically significant interaction for self-reported race (p-value >0.05) when examining GrimAge acceleration with BrCa risk. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that epigenetic age acceleration is associated with BrCa risk, and the association suggests variation by self-reported race. Although our sample size is limited, these results highlight a potential biological mechanism for BrCa risk and identifies a novel research area of BrCa health disparities requiring further inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Wu
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Megan E. Miller
- University Hospitals Research in Surgical Outcomes and Effectiveness (UH-RISES), Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hannah L. Gilmore
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Cheryl L. Thompson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Fredrick R. Schumacher
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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16
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Vaz K, Kemp W, Majeed A, Lubel J, Magliano DJ, Glenister KM, Bourke L, Simmons D, Roberts SK. Validation of serum non-invasive tests of liver fibrosis as prognostic markers of clinical outcomes in people with fatty liver disease in Australia. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 39444323 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 10/06/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The validity of non-invasive tests (NITs) of liver fibrosis for the prediction of liver and mortality outcomes in an Australian cohort is unknown. We aimed to verify the utility of available NITs to predict overall and cause-specific mortality and major adverse liver outcome (MALO). METHODS This was an analysis from the Crossroads 1 clinic sub-study of a randomly sampled adult cohort from regional Australia between 2001 and 2003. Baseline variables included demographic details, anthropometry, health and lifestyle data, and laboratory tests. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic-(dysfunction) associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) were defined by fatty liver index ≥ 60 and other accepted criteria. Outcomes were defined by the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision codes for linked hospitalization and death registry data. Available serum-based NITs were analyzed as predictors of overall, cardiovascular disease-related, and cancer-related mortality and MALO in those with fatty liver disease (FLD). RESULTS In total, 1324 and 1444 participants were included for NAFLD and MAFLD analysis (prevalence 35.4% and 40.7%, respectively). There were 298 deaths (89 cardiovascular disease-related and 98 cancer-related) and 24 MALO over a median 19.7 years of follow-up time. In both forms of FLD, fibrosis-4 index, Steatosis-Associated Fibrosis Estimator score, and Forns fibrosis score consistently had the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for overall and cause-specific mortality, with AUROC > 0.70 for each outcome. However, all had poor discriminatory ability for determining MALO in each FLD. CONCLUSIONS Several liver fibrosis NITs perform similarly reasonably well in predicting the risk of mortality outcomes in those with FLD but are poorly discriminatory for MALO prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Vaz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The School of Translational Medicine (STM), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - William Kemp
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The School of Translational Medicine (STM), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ammar Majeed
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The School of Translational Medicine (STM), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - John Lubel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The School of Translational Medicine (STM), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dianna J Magliano
- Diabetes and Population Health, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kristen M Glenister
- Department of Rural Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lisa Bourke
- Department of Rural Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Simmons
- Department of Rural Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Macarthur Clinical School, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stuart K Roberts
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- The School of Translational Medicine (STM), Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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17
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Catalá-López F, Tejedor-Romero L, Driver JA, Hutton B, Sánchez-Ortí JV, Ridao M, Alonso-Arroyo A, Correa-Ghisays P, Forés-Martos J, Balanzá-Martínez V, Valencia A, Cobos I, Tabarés-Seisdedos R. Risk of cancer development associated with disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised studies. Syst Rev 2024; 13:263. [PMID: 39425150 PMCID: PMC11487888 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 10/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between cancer and multiple sclerosis has long been investigated. Several studies and reviews have examined the risk of cancer among patients with multiple sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) but with conflicting results. This study will aim to investigate the association between DMTs for multiple sclerosis and subsequent cancer risk using research synthesis methods. METHODS/DESIGN We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. We will include randomised and non-randomised trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies, and case-control studies of treatment with DMTs compared with placebo, no treatment, or another active agent. The primary outcome will be the risk of cancer (all-malignant neoplasms) in association with the exposure of DMTs. Secondary outcomes will include site-specific cancers (e.g. breast cancer). Literature searches will be conducted in multiple electronic databases (from their inception onwards), including the following: PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two researchers will screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data independently. The risk of bias (quality) of individual studies will be appraised using an appropriate tool. If feasible, we will use a two-stage approach to evidence synthesis: (1) Peto's method for meta-analysis of data from randomised trials alone; and (2) Random-effects model for meta-analysis adding data from non-randomised studies. We will calculate odds ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals. Potential sources of heterogeneity will be explored in additional analyses (e.g. subgroups considering different DMTs individually, mechanism of action, type of control, length of follow-up, mode of treatment). DISCUSSION This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised and non-randomised studies will provide an updated synthesis of the risk of cancer associated with DMTs for adult patients with multiple sclerosis. This study will also examine some factors that may explain potential variations across studies. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/v4sez ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferrán Catalá-López
- Centre for Human and Social Sciences (CCHS), Institute of Public Goods and Policies (IPP), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Laura Tejedor-Romero
- Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, Spanish Medicines and Healthcare Products Agency (AEMPS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jane A Driver
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Aging, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian Hutton
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia/INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Ridao
- Institute for Health Research in Aragon (IISA), Zaragoza, Spain
- Data Science for Health Services and Policy Research, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adolfo Alonso-Arroyo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, California, USA
- Information and Social and Health Research (UISYS) Joint Research Unit, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Correa-Ghisays
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia/INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaume Forés-Martos
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of History of Science and Documentation, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Balanzá-Martínez
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia/INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alfonso Valencia
- Life Sciences Department, Barcelona Supercomputing Center, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Cobos
- Department of History of Science and Documentation, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos
- Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia/INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.
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18
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Yoshimura S, Li Z, Gocho Y, Yang W, Crews KR, Lee SHR, Roberts KG, Mullighan CG, Relling MV, Yu J, Yeoh AEJ, Loh ML, Saygin C, Litzow MR, Jeha S, Karol SE, Inaba H, Pui CH, Konopleva M, Jain N, Stock W, Paietta E, Jabbour E, Kornblau SM, Evans WE, Yang JJ. Impact of Age on Pharmacogenomics and Treatment Outcomes of B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:3478-3490. [PMID: 39102629 PMCID: PMC11458355 DOI: 10.1200/jco.24.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can occur across all age groups, with a strikingly higher cure rate in children compared with adults. However, the pharmacological basis of age-related differences in ALL treatment response remains unclear. METHODS Studying 767 children and 309 adults with newly diagnosed B-cell ALL enrolled on frontline trials at St Jude Children's Research Hospital, MD Anderson Cancer Center, the Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology, and the ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group, we determined the ex vivo sensitivity of leukemia cells to 21 drugs. Twenty-three ALL molecular subtypes were identified using RNA sequencing. We systematically characterized the associations between drug response and ALL genomics in children, adolescents and young adults, and elderly adults. We evaluated the effect of age-related gene expression signature on ALL treatment outcomes. RESULTS Seven ALL drugs (asparaginase, prednisolone, mercaptopurine, dasatinib, nelarabine, daunorubicin, and inotuzumab ozogamicin) showed differential activity between children and adults, of which six were explained by age-related differences in leukemia molecular subtypes. Adolescents and young adults showed similar patterns of drug resistance as older adults, relative to young children. Mercaptopurine exhibited subtype-independent greater sensitivity in children. Transcriptomic profiling uncovered subclusters within CRLF2-, DUX4-, and KMT2A-rearranged ALL that were linked to age and cytotoxic drug resistance. In particular, a subset of children had adult-like ALL on the basis of leukemia gene expression patterns across subtypes, despite their chronological age. Resistant to cytotoxic drugs, children with adult-like ALL exhibited poor prognosis in pediatric ALL trials, even after adjusting for age and minimal residual diseases. CONCLUSION Our results provide pharmacogenomic insights into age-related disparities in ALL cure rates and identify leukemia prognostic features for treatment individualization across age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Zhenhua Li
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Yoshihiro Gocho
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Wenjian Yang
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Kristine R Crews
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Shawn H R Lee
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kathryn G Roberts
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | - Mary V Relling
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Jiyang Yu
- Department of Computational Biology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Allen E J Yeoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mignon L Loh
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Caner Saygin
- Department of Medicine Section of Hematology-Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Sima Jeha
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Seth E Karol
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Hiroto Inaba
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Nitin Jain
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Wendy Stock
- Department of Medicine Section of Hematology-Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Elisabeth Paietta
- Cancer Center, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Elias Jabbour
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Steven M Kornblau
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - William E Evans
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Jun J Yang
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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19
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Mikó E, Sipos A, Tóth E, Lehoczki A, Fekete M, Sebő É, Kardos G, Bai P. Guideline for designing microbiome studies in neoplastic diseases. GeroScience 2024; 46:4037-4057. [PMID: 38922379 PMCID: PMC11336004 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncobiosis has emerged as a key contributor to the development, and modulator of the treatment efficacy of cancer. Hereby, we review the modalities through which the oncobiome can support the progression of tumors, and the emerging therapeutic opportunities they present. The review highlights the inherent challenges and limitations faced in sampling and accurately characterizing oncobiome. Additionally, the review underscores the critical need for the standardization of microbial analysis techniques and the consistent reporting of microbiome data. We provide a suggested metadata set that should accompany microbiome datasets from oncological settings so that studies remain comparable and decipherable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Mikó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Sipos
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Emese Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- HUN-REN-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andrea Lehoczki
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, South Pest Central Hospital-National Institute for Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral College, Health Sciences Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Monika Fekete
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Sebő
- Breast Center, Kenézy Gyula Hospital, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kardos
- Department of Metagenomics, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
- Faculty of Health Sciences, One Health Institute, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Bai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem Tér 1., 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- HUN-REN-DE Cell Biology and Signaling Research Group, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- MTA-DE Lendület Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032, Debrecen, Hungary.
- Center of Excellence, The Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
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20
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Franco-Moreno A, Morejón-Girón JB, Agudo-Blas P, de Ancos-Aracil CL, Muñoz-Rivas N, Farfán-Sedano AI, Ruiz-Ruiz J, Torres-Macho J, Bustamante-Fermosel A, Alfaro-Fernández N, Ruiz-Giardín JM, Madroñal-Cerezo E. External validation of the RIETE and SOME scores for occult cancer in patients with venous thromboembolism: a multicentre cohort study. Clin Transl Oncol 2024; 26:2685-2692. [PMID: 38724825 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Venous thromboembolism (VTE) may be the first sign of an undiagnosed cancer. The RIETE and SOME scores aim to identify patients with acute VTE at high risk of occult cancer. In the present study, we evaluated the performance of both scores. METHODS The scores were evaluated in a retrospective cohort from two centers. The area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve (AUC) evaluated the discriminatory performance. RESULTS The RIETE score was applied to 815 patients with provoked and unprovoked VTE, of whom 56 (6.9%) were diagnosed with cancer. Of the 203 patients classified as high-risk, 18 were diagnosed with cancer, representing 32.1% (18/56) of the total cancer diagnoses. In the group of 612 low-risk patients, 67.9% of the cancer cases were diagnosed (38/56). Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values, and AUC were 32%, 76%, 94%, 9%, and 0.430 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38‒0.47), respectively. The SOME score could be calculated in 418 patients with unprovoked VTE, of whom 33 (7.9%) were diagnosed with cancer. Of the 45 patients classified as high-risk, three were diagnosed with cancer, representing 9.1% (3/33) of the total cancer diagnoses. In the group of 373 low-risk patients, 90.9% of the cancer cases were diagnosed (30/33). Sensitivity, specificity, negative and positive predictive values, and AUC were 33%, 88%, 94%, 20%, and 0.351 (95% CI, 0.27‒0.43), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The performance of both scores was poor. Our results highlight the need to develop new models to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from an extensive cancer screening strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Franco-Moreno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain.
- Venous Thromboembolism Unit, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Paloma Agudo-Blas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Lucía de Ancos-Aracil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
- Venous Thromboembolism Unit, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Muñoz-Rivas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain
- Venous Thromboembolism Unit, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Justo Ruiz-Ruiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Torres-Macho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Bustamante-Fermosel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nuria Alfaro-Fernández
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor-Virgen de la Torre, Gran Via del Este Avenue, 80, 28031, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Manuel Ruiz-Giardín
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
- CiberInfect, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Madroñal-Cerezo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
- Venous Thromboembolism Unit, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Wilson TK, Zishiri OT. Prostate Cancer: A Review of Genetics, Current Biomarkers and Personalised Treatments. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e70016. [PMID: 39410867 PMCID: PMC11480670 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.70016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in men, second only to lung cancer. Despite this, diagnosis and prognosis methods remain limited, with effective treatments being few and far between. Traditionally, prostate cancer is initially tested for through a prostate serum antigen (PSA) test and a digital rectum examination (DRE), followed by confirmation through an invasive prostate biopsy. The DRE and biopsy are uncomfortable for the patient, so less invasive, accurate diagnostic tools are needed. Current diagnostic tools, along with genes that hold possible biomarker uses in diagnosis, prognosis and indications for personalised treatment plans, were reviewed in this article. RECENT FINDINGS Several genes from multiple families have been identified as possible biomarkers for disease, including those from the MYC and ETS families, as well as several tumour suppressor genes, Androgen Receptor signalling genes and DNA repair genes. There have also been advances in diagnostic tools, including MRI-targeted and liquid biopsies. Several personalised treatments have been developed over the years, including those that target metabolism-driven prostate cancer or those that target inflammation-driven cancer. CONCLUSION Several advances have been made in prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment, but the disease still grows year by year, leading to more and more deaths annually. This calls for even more research into this disease, allowing for better diagnosis and treatment methods and a better chance of patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor K. Wilson
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering, and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
| | - Oliver T. Zishiri
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering, and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu‐NatalDurbanSouth Africa
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22
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Bieuville M, Dujon A, Raven N, Ujvari B, Pujol P, Eslami‐S Z, Alix Panabières C, Capp J, Thomas F. When Do Tumours Develop? Neoplastic Processes Across Different Timescales: Age, Season and Round the Circadian Clock. Evol Appl 2024; 17:e70024. [PMID: 39444444 PMCID: PMC11496201 DOI: 10.1111/eva.70024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/25/2024] Open
Abstract
While it is recognised that most, if not all, multicellular organisms harbour neoplastic processes within their bodies, the timing of when these undesirable cell proliferations are most likely to occur and progress throughout the organism's lifetime remains only partially documented. Due to the different mechanisms implicated in tumourigenesis, it is highly unlikely that this probability remains constant at all times and stages of life. In this article, we summarise what is known about this variation, considering the roles of age, season and circadian rhythm. While most studies requiring that level of detail be done on humans, we also review available evidence in other animal species. For each of these timescales, we identify mechanisms or biological functions shaping the variation. When possible, we show that evolutionary processes likely played a role, either directly to regulate the cancer risk or indirectly through trade-offs. We find that neoplastic risk varies with age in a more complex way than predicted by early epidemiological models: rather than resulting from mutations alone, tumour development is dictated by tissue- and age-specific processes. Similarly, the seasonal cycle can be associated with risk variation in some species with life-history events such as sexual competition or mating being timed according to the season. Lastly, we show that the circadian cycle influences tumourigenesis in physiological, pathological and therapeutic contexts. We also highlight two biological functions at the core of these variations across our three timescales: immunity and metabolism. Finally, we show that our understanding of the entanglement between tumourigenic processes and biological cycles is constrained by the limited number of species for which we have extensive data. Improving our knowledge of the periods of vulnerability to the onset and/or progression of (malignant) tumours is a key issue that deserves further investigation, as it is key to successful cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Bieuville
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de RecherchesIRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE)Johannes Gutenberg‐UniversitätMainzGermany
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences (IQCB)Johannes Gutenberg‐UniversitätMainzGermany
| | - Antoine M. Dujon
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
| | - Nynke Raven
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
| | - Beata Ujvari
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de RecherchesIRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- School of Life and Environmental SciencesDeakin UniversityWaurn PondsVictoriaAustralia
| | - Pascal Pujol
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de RecherchesIRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Oncogenetic DepartmentUniversity Medical Centre of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| | - Zahra Eslami‐S
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de RecherchesIRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells and Liquid Biopsy (LCCRH)University Medical Centre of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - Catherine Alix Panabières
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de RecherchesIRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- Laboratory of Rare Human Circulating Cells and Liquid Biopsy (LCCRH)University Medical Centre of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - Jean‐Pascal Capp
- Toulouse Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of Toulouse, INSA, CNRS, INRAEToulouseFrance
| | - Frédéric Thomas
- CREEC (CREES), Unité Mixte de RecherchesIRD 224‐CNRS 5290‐Université de MontpellierMontpellierFrance
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23
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Yavari B, Kolbehdari N, Gann L, Portillo M, Rumschlag A, Aldridge M, Mellon W, Alcaraz GM, Richker H, Sarkissian M, Compton ZT, Aktipis A, Maley C, Baciu C. The Digital Health Revolution: Exploring the Impact of Online Cancer Information on Self-Reported Preventive Behaviors. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.20.24307517. [PMID: 38826228 PMCID: PMC11142276 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.20.24307517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Cancer, one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth within the body. While there have been many improvements in the treatment of cancer clinically, there is now an urgent need to improve cancer-related communication. This study explores the impact of online health information, specifically cancer-related information and prevention, among members of the general public. Through a randomized survey, we examined what information leads people to take action to minimize their cancer risk and communicate with their providers. Through evaluation of the various modes of communication, we were able to provide insight into which are more effective and better received by members of the general public. Through this, ways of bettering these avenues of communication and strengthening the bond between them will be highlighted and more easily elaborated on by future studies. The results of our study indicated that 60% of participants asserted that they are motivated by online preventive information to take steps to limit their cancer risk, while only roughly 44% of participants overall agreed that their doctor has communicated with them about when proper cancer screenings should be scheduled for the future. Although patients may be turning to the Internet now more than ever due to various reasons, when comparing self-reported rates of comprehension among the study participants, 35% agreed that the cancer-related information they can access online is confusing, while fewer than 22% of participants agreed that the cancer-related information they receive directly from their doctor is confusing. This is indicative of the limitations the Internet may have when undertaking the role of being a medical resource, especially when acting as a replacement for in-person medical appointments where patients can communicate directly with their physicians. Ultimately, these results provide a unique perspective into how people receive, evaluate, and implement cancer-preventive steps and general health-related information in a post-COVID-19 world, where the Internet is now strongly embedded in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Yavari
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Nilofar Kolbehdari
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Lindsay Gann
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Mercedes Portillo
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | | | - Melanie Aldridge
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Walker Mellon
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | | | - Harley Richker
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | | | - Zachary T Compton
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- University of Arizona Cancer Center
- University of Arizona College of Medicine
| | - Athena Aktipis
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Carlo Maley
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
| | - Cristina Baciu
- Arizona Cancer Evolution Center
- Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University
- W.P. Carey School of Business, Arizona State University
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24
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Reeve HK, Pfennig DW. Evolution of transmissible cancers: An adaptive, plastic strategy of selfish genetic elements? iScience 2024; 27:110740. [PMID: 39286496 PMCID: PMC11402641 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies have applied evolutionary and ecological principles to understanding cancer. However, few such studies have examined whether phenotypic plasticity--the ability of a single individual or genome to respond differently to different environmental circumstances--can impact the origin and spread of cancer. Here, we propose the adaptive horizontal transmission hypothesis to explain how flexible decision-making by selfish genetic elements can cause them to spread from the genome of their original host into the genomes of other hosts through the evolution of transmissible cancers. Specifically, we hypothesize that such cancers appear when the likelihood of successful vertical transmission is sufficiently low relative to the likelihood of successful horizontal transmission. We develop an evolutionary optimization model of this hypothesis, highlight empirical findings that support it, and offer suggestions for future research. Generally, phenotypically plastic selfish genetic elements might play an important role in the evolution of transmissible cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hudson Kern Reeve
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Seeley G. Mudd Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - David W Pfennig
- Department of Biology, CB#3280, Coker Hall, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
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25
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Kandy AT, Chand J, Baba MZ, Subramanian G. Is SIRT3 and Mitochondria a Reliable Target for Parkinson's Disease and Aging? A Narrative Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04486-w. [PMID: 39287746 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04486-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
Aging is a complicated degenerative process that has been thoroughly researched in a variety of taxa, including mammals, worms, yeast, and flies. One important controller of organismal lifetime is the conserved deacetylase protein known as silencing information regulator 2 (SIR2). It has been demonstrated that overexpressing SIR2 lengthens the life span in worms, flies, and yeast, demonstrating its function in enhancing longevity. SIRT3 is a member of the sirtuin protein family, identified as a major regulator of longevity and aging. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), a possible mitochondrial tumor suppressor, has been explicitly linked to the control of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, the Warburg effect, and carcinogenesis. SIRT3 plays a significant part in neurodegenerative illnesses such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease by decreasing the oxidative stress in mitochondria and reducing the ROS levels. Furthermore, SIRT3 has been linked to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, indicating its wider role in the pathophysiology of disease and possible therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarjith Thiyyar Kandy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College Of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu-643001, India
| | - Jagdish Chand
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College Of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu-643001, India
| | - Mohammad Zubair Baba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College Of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu-643001, India
| | - Gomathy Subramanian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College Of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu-643001, India.
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Yabani DS, Ofosu IW, Ankar-Brewoo GM, Lutterodt HE. Exposure to Dietary Glycidyl and 3-MCPD Fatty Acid Esters and Associated Burden of Cancer in Selected Asian and European Countries: A Review and Data Synthesis. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INSIGHTS 2024; 18:11786302241277628. [PMID: 39290370 PMCID: PMC11406649 DOI: 10.1177/11786302241277628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the health implications and oncological impact of consuming glycidyl esters (GE) and 3-monochloro-1,2-propanediol esters (3-MCPDE) in selected Asian and European populations. Data on dietary GE and 3-MCPDE were compiled from 10 studies conducted in China, Taiwan, Poland, and Spain, identified through a systematic search in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases from 2012 to 2022. Studies on food supplements and analytical methods were excluded from the analysis. Health metrics for these nations, spanning 2015 to 2019, were sourced from the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, among others. A Monte Carlo Simulation was employed for data analysis. The results showed that "grains and grain products" was the most consumed food category (260.45-395.35 g/day), whereas "food for infants and children" was the least consumed (0.01-0.09 g/day). Additionally, "fats from animal or plant origin" had the highest contamination levels. While 3-MCPDE exposures remained within safe limits, median GE exposure correlated with an incidence of colon cancer ranging from 3.66 × 10-8 to 0.744%, lung cancer from 0.00256 to 0.287%, and breast cancer from 0.0262 to 2.42% within the study areas. This translated to a total cancer burden of 6.69 to 1020 Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) per 100 000 individuals. The population in China recorded the highest DALY rate (1,020), followed by Spain (30.2), Poland (19.7), and Taiwan (6.69). Projections suggest an uptick in GE-related cancer cases and associated burdens in the coming decades attributed to demographic shifts, ageing populations, and dietary changes. The study underscores the urgency of mitigating GE and 3-MCPDE food contamination, bolstering public health awareness, and establishing safety guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sitsofe Yabani
- New Products Development Unit, Cocoa Research Institute of Ghana, New Tafo-Akim, Ghana
- Food Systems Chemistry, Toxicology, and Risks Studies, Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Isaac Williams Ofosu
- Food Systems Chemistry, Toxicology, and Risks Studies, Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Gloria Mathanda Ankar-Brewoo
- Food Systems Chemistry, Toxicology, and Risks Studies, Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Herman Erick Lutterodt
- Food Systems Chemistry, Toxicology, and Risks Studies, Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Choi K, Jung S, Jung G, Kim D, Oh J. Incidence of cancer in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: a nationwide cohort study in South Korea. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1456835. [PMID: 39268061 PMCID: PMC11390450 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1456835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare disease, and the potential risk of cancer in patients with CIDP remains an important concern during treatment. However, a comprehensive epidemiological study examining this association is yet to be conducted. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of cancer in patients with CIDP in South Korea using data from the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) database. Methods Data from the HIRA database between January 2016 and June 2021 were analyzed. The actual incidence of cancer in patients with CIDP was compared with the expected incidence based on the general population statistics in South Korea, with adjustments for age. Results In total, 888 patients with CIDP were included in the analysis, of whom 50 (5.63% of malignancy incidence) were newly diagnosed with cancer during the study period. Among the patients with CIDP diagnosed with cancer, 32 (64.00%) were aged 60 years or older, and 36 (72.00%) were male. The observed number of cancer diagnoses corresponded to an incidence rate of 5.63%, with a standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of 2.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.89-4.39) compared to the expected cancer incidence rate of 2.00%. Notably, the SIR for malignancies of lymphoid, hematopoietic, and related tissues, excluding malignant immunoproliferative diseases, multiple myeloma, and plasma cell neoplasms (C81-96, except C88 and C90), was the highest at 8.51 (95% CI: 4.18-19.83). Conclusion Our study shows a potential association between CIDP and an increased risk of hematological malignancies, which is consistent with previous investigations. Further studies are required to better understand the relationship between CIDP and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyomin Choi
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohee Jung
- Department of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Deepnoid Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gucheol Jung
- Department of Medical Artificial Intelligence, Deepnoid Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Kim
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Oh
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Vlachopoulos N, Kontogiannis G, Papageorgiou DI, Symvoulakis E, Haidich AB, Smyrnakis E. Effectiveness and Feasibility of Home-Based Palliative Care Interventions for Geriatric Oncology Patients: A Systematic Review Using Narrative Synthesis. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2024:10499091241277882. [PMID: 39197821 DOI: 10.1177/10499091241277882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to an urgent need to develop palliative care services for geriatric patients with advanced cancer, an overview of available information regarding home-based palliative care interventions would be valuable. AIM To summarize current literature for interventions targeted to homebound, older patients with incurable cancer, and investigate whether these patients can be benefited from home-based palliative care and achieve improved outcomes. DESIGN A search strategy consisting of terms related to home care, palliation, oncology, and geriatrics was employed. A protocol following PRISMA guidelines was prospectively uploaded at PROSPERO (ID = CRD42023404675). DATA SOURCES Pubmed (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), ClinicalTrials.gov, and Epistemonikos.org databases were searched from inception until the present day. Eligibility criteria were selected based on the research question, the population of interest, and the research design. The Risk of Bias Assessment Tool version 2 (RoB-2) was used to appraise study quality. RESULTS A total of 10 articles including 871 patients (out of 1236 titles and 141 fully-reviewed texts) were selected. Four studies assessed exercise interventions, two evaluated multi-component home-care models, two focused on supervision services, and two had nutrition and activity components. Eight studies reported improved outcomes in either specified or mixed cancer geriatric populations. CONCLUSIONS There is a scarcity of clinical trials regarding home-based palliative care for geriatric oncology patients, resulting in poor information and a lack of evidence. At-home interventions seem feasible and have a positive effect on pain management and functional status, but more high-quality studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Vlachopoulos
- Primary Health Care Research Network of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- 251 Hellenic Air Force General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Dimitra Iosifina Papageorgiou
- Primary Health Care Research Network of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Symvoulakis
- Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Anna-Bettina Haidich
- Primary Health Care Research Network of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emmanouil Smyrnakis
- Primary Health Care Research Network of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Primary Health Care, General Practice and Health Services Research, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Singh SK, Parihar S, Jain S, Ho JAA, Vankayala R. Light-responsive functional nanomaterials as pioneering therapeutics: a paradigm shift to combat age-related disorders. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:8212-8234. [PMID: 39058026 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00578c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Aging, marked by dysregulated cellular systems, gives rise to a spectrum of age-related disorders, including neurodegeneration, atherosclerosis, immunosenescence, and musculoskeletal issues. These conditions contribute significantly to the global disease burden, posing challenges to health span and economic resources. Current therapeutic approaches, although diverse in mechanism, often fall short in targeting the underlying cellular pathologies. They fail to address the issues compounded by altered pharmacokinetics in the elderly. Nanotechnology emerges as a transformative solution, offering tissue-specific targeted therapies through nanoparticles. Functional nanomaterials (FNMs) respond to internal or external stimuli, with light-responsive nanomaterials gaining prominence. Harnessing the benefits of deep tissue penetration and ease of manipulation particularly in the near-infrared spectrum, light-responsive FNMs present innovative strategies for age-related comorbidities. This review comprehensively summarizes the potential of light-responsive FNM-based approaches for targeting cellular environments in age-related disorders, and also emphasizes the advantages over traditional treatment modalities. Specifically, it focuses on the development of various classes of light-responsive functional nanomaterials including plasmonic nanomaterials, nanomaterials as carriers, upconversion nanomaterials, 2D nanomaterials, transition metal oxide and dichalcogenide nanomaterials and carbon-based nanomaterials against age related diseases. We foresee that such advanced developments in the field of nanotechnology could provide a new hope for clinical diagnosis and treatment of age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Kumar Singh
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342030, India.
| | - Shivay Parihar
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342030, India.
| | - Sanskar Jain
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342030, India.
| | - Ja-An Annie Ho
- Bioanalytical Chemistry and Nanobiomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Emerging Materials and Advanced Devices, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Raviraj Vankayala
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342030, India.
- Interdisciplinary Research Platform, Smart Healthcare, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar 342030, India
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Dostál Z, Buchtíková J, Mandrla J, Modrianský M. On the mechanism of miR-29b enhancement of etoposide toxicity in vitro. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19880. [PMID: 39191993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70856-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA hsa-miR-29 was connected to a number of malignancies. Its target genes are many, among them Mcl-1 that is expressed in three possible isoforms, one of which is anti-apoptotic and another one pro-apoptotic. Ratio of these two isoforms appears to affect cell response to external stimuli. We have demonstrated that miR-29b enhanced etoposide toxicity in HeLa cell line by modulating this ratio of Mcl-1 isoforms. However, it is not known whether the described miR-29 effect is common to various cancer types or even have the opposite effect. This represents a significant problem for possible future applications. In this report, we demonstrate that miR-29b affects toxicity of 60 μM etoposide in cell lines derived from selected malignancies. The mechanism, however, differs among the cell lines tested. Hep G2 cells demonstrated similar effect of miR-29b on etoposide toxicity as was described in HeLa cells, i.e. modulation of Mcl-1 expression. Target protein down-regulated by miR-29b resulting in enhanced etoposide toxicity in Caco-2 cells was, however, Bcl-2 protein. Moreover, H9c2, Hek-293 and ARPE-19 cell lines selected as a representatives of non-malignant cells, showed no effect of miR-29b on etoposide toxicity. Our data suggest that miR-29b could be a common enhancer of etoposide toxicity in malignant cells due to its modulation of Bcl family proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdeněk Dostál
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Buchtíková
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Mandrla
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Modrianský
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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31
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Ueberroth BE, Presutti RJ, McGary A, Borad MJ, Agrwal N. Perspectives of primary care providers regarding multicancer early detection panels. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2024; 22:eAO0771. [PMID: 39194069 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024ao0771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multicancer early detection panels have recently become available to patients with healthcare provider prescriptions and available funds. These tests utilize circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to screen more than 50 cancers using a single blood sample. However, perspectives and data on how the deployment of these tests may impact the practices of primary care providers in terms of implementation, interpretation, documentation, and costs are limited. This study aimed to assess the perspectives of primary care providers regarding the integration of multicancer early detection panels into clinical practice. METHODS We used a survey to assess the opinions and perspectives of primary care providers, including physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants, across a multistate, tertiary healthcare system. We used a single form consisting of novel questions on familiarity with multi-cancer early detection panels, cost, healthcare equity, documentation, medicolegal, and other concerns. The subgroup analysis was consistent with stratification based on familiarity with ctDNA-based tests and their roles in clinical practice. RESULTS Most respondents were unfamiliar with multicancer early detection panels and had not used ctDNA-based tests. Most primary care providers suggested that they would reorder multicancer early detection panel testing at 1- to 5-year intervals and prefer subspecialists for both ordering multicancer early detection panels as well as interpreting their results. Relative concerns differed between physicians and nonphysicians. CONCLUSION The integration of multicancer early detection panels into primary care practice requires careful planning and consideration for the management of increased clinical load, interpretation of results, and cost management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin E Ueberroth
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Richard J Presutti
- Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Alyssa McGary
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Mitesh J Borad
- Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Neera Agrwal
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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Casotti MC, Meira DD, Zetum ASS, Campanharo CV, da Silva DRC, Giacinti GM, da Silva IM, Moura JAD, Barbosa KRM, Altoé LSC, Mauricio LSR, Góes LSBDB, Alves LNR, Linhares SSG, Ventorim VDP, Guaitolini YM, dos Santos EDVW, Errera FIV, Groisman S, de Carvalho EF, de Paula F, de Sousa MVP, Fechine PBA, Louro ID. Integrating frontiers: a holistic, quantum and evolutionary approach to conquering cancer through systems biology and multidisciplinary synergy. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1419599. [PMID: 39224803 PMCID: PMC11367711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1419599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy is facing increasingly significant challenges, marked by a wide range of techniques and research efforts centered around somatic mutations, precision oncology, and the vast amount of big data. Despite this abundance of information, the quest to cure cancer often seems more elusive, with the "war on cancer" yet to deliver a definitive victory. A particularly pressing issue is the development of tumor treatment resistance, highlighting the urgent need for innovative approaches. Evolutionary, Quantum Biology and System Biology offer a promising framework for advancing experimental cancer research. By integrating theoretical studies, translational methods, and flexible multidisciplinary clinical research, there's potential to enhance current treatment strategies and improve outcomes for cancer patients. Establishing stronger links between evolutionary, quantum, entropy and chaos principles and oncology could lead to more effective treatments that leverage an understanding of the tumor's evolutionary dynamics, paving the way for novel methods to control and mitigate cancer. Achieving these objectives necessitates a commitment to multidisciplinary and interprofessional collaboration at the heart of both research and clinical endeavors in oncology. This entails dismantling silos between disciplines, encouraging open communication and data sharing, and integrating diverse viewpoints and expertise from the outset of research projects. Being receptive to new scientific discoveries and responsive to how patients react to treatments is also crucial. Such strategies are key to keeping the field of oncology at the forefront of effective cancer management, ensuring patients receive the most personalized and effective care. Ultimately, this approach aims to push the boundaries of cancer understanding, treating it as a manageable chronic condition, aiming to extend life expectancy and enhance patient quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Correia Casotti
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Débora Dummer Meira
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Giulia Maria Giacinti
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Iris Moreira da Silva
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - João Augusto Diniz Moura
- Laboratório de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Karen Ruth Michio Barbosa
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Lorena Souza Castro Altoé
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lyvia Neves Rebello Alves
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Vinícius do Prado Ventorim
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Moreto Guaitolini
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sonia Groisman
- Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elizeu Fagundes de Carvalho
- Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes (IBRAG), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flavia de Paula
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Pierre Basílio Almeida Fechine
- Group of Chemistry of Advanced Materials (GQMat), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical-Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Iuri Drumond Louro
- Núcleo de Genética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, ES, Brazil
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Dils AT, O'Keefe K, Dakka N, Azar M, Chen M, Zhang A. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for mental health and quality of life among individuals diagnosed with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e70063. [PMID: 39165223 PMCID: PMC11336377 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.70063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has long been documented that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has positive impacts on improving mental health (MH) and quality of life (QoL) in the general population, but investigations on its effect on cancer survivors remain limited, especially for QoL outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to investigate the effects of CBT as compared to control on cancer patients' MH and QoL outcomes. Control is defined in this study as standard therapy, waitlist control, and active/alternative therapy. METHODS In total, 154 clinical trials creating a sample size of 1627 individuals were collected. Analysis focusing on MH and QoL excluded 29 clinical trials resulting in a final analysis of 132 clinical trials (and 1030 effect sizes). R Statistical Software (version 4.2.2) and the robumeta package were utilized to complete analysis, which entailed robust variance estimation (RVE) in intercept-only meta-regression, and univariate meta-regression (for moderator analysis). RESULTS Across 132 clinical trials and 1030 effect size estimates, we identified that CBT moderately improves MH and QoL in cancer patients d = 0.388, 95% CI 0.294-0.483, p < 0.001. Additionally, age and delivery format can influence the efficacy of CBT in this patient population. CONCLUSIONS CBT statistically improves the MH and QoL psychosocial parameters in cancer patients with greater efficacy in younger patients. Important clinical and intervention-related factors, that is, age and delivery, should be considered when oncologists consider CBT as a psychotherapeutic intervention for individuals with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn O'Keefe
- Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMichiganUSA
| | - Nada Dakka
- Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMichiganUSA
| | - Michelle Azar
- Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMichiganUSA
| | - Meiyan Chen
- The University of Texas at Austin Steve Hicks School of Social WorkAustinTexasUSA
| | - Anao Zhang
- The University of Texas at Austin Steve Hicks School of Social WorkAustinTexasUSA
- University of Michigan Health, Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology ProgramAnn ArborMichiganUSA
- University of Michigan School of Social WorkAnn ArborMichiganUSA
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Halpin SN, Alain G, Seaman A, Stevens EE, Zhao H, Fowler ME, Zhang Q, Cadet T, Ye M, Krok-Schoen JL. Comorbid Dementia and Cancer Therapy Decision-Making: A Scoping Review. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:1132-1143. [PMID: 38347680 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241233375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Comorbid dementia complicates cancer therapy decision-making in older adults. We aimed to synthesize the recent literature (<5 years) on the challenges associated with cancer therapy decision-making among older people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers. Of the 20,763 references, 8767 had their title and abstract screened, and eight met the inclusion criteria. Six studies were qualitative, one study employed mixed methods, and one study was quasi-experimental. Most studies were conducted in the UK (89%) and reported homogeneity in race and geography. Breast (56%) and prostate (45%) were the most frequent reported cancers. Five studies (56%) reported multiple types of dementia, with two (22%) indicating stages. The studies indicated that communication between patients, caregivers, and clinical teams might alleviate stress caused by worsening health prospects and potential ethical concerns. Information from this review can lead to better-informed, patient-centered treatment decision processes among older PLWD and cancer, their caregivers, and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean N Halpin
- GenOmics and Translational Research Center RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Gabriel Alain
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aaron Seaman
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Erin E Stevens
- Division of Palliative Care, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Nursing, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA
| | - Mackenzie E Fowler
- School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Qiuyang Zhang
- Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Tamara Cadet
- School of Social Policy & Practice, University of Pennsylvania, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Minzhi Ye
- School of Lifespan Development and Educational Science, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA
| | - Jessica L Krok-Schoen
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
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Pabla P, Jones E, Piasecki M, Phillips B. Skeletal muscle dysfunction with advancing age. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:863-882. [PMID: 38994723 PMCID: PMC11250095 DOI: 10.1042/cs20231197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
As a result of advances in medical treatments and associated policy over the last century, life expectancy has risen substantially and continues to increase globally. However, the disconnect between lifespan and 'health span' (the length of time spent in a healthy, disease-free state) has also increased, with skeletal muscle being a substantial contributor to this. Biological ageing is accompanied by declines in both skeletal muscle mass and function, termed sarcopenia. The mechanisms underpinning sarcopenia are multifactorial and are known to include marked alterations in muscle protein turnover and adaptations to the neural input to muscle. However, to date, the relative contribution of each factor remains largely unexplored. Specifically, muscle protein synthetic responses to key anabolic stimuli are blunted with advancing age, whilst alterations to neural components, spanning from the motor cortex and motoneuron excitability to the neuromuscular junction, may explain the greater magnitude of function losses when compared with mass. The consequences of these losses can be devastating for individuals, their support networks, and healthcare services; with clear detrimental impacts on both clinical (e.g., mortality, frailty, and post-treatment complications) and societal (e.g., independence maintenance) outcomes. Whether declines in muscle quantity and quality are an inevitable component of ageing remains to be completely understood. Nevertheless, strategies to mitigate these declines are of vital importance to improve the health span of older adults. This review aims to provide an overview of the declines in skeletal muscle mass and function with advancing age, describes the wide-ranging implications of these declines, and finally suggests strategies to mitigate them, including the merits of emerging pharmaceutical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Pabla
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, U.K
| | - Eleanor J. Jones
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, U.K
| | - Mathew Piasecki
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, U.K
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), U.K
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), U.K
| | - Bethan E. Phillips
- Centre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, DE22 3DT, U.K
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research (CMAR), U.K
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), U.K
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36
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Liang X, Aouizerat BE, So‐Armah K, Cohen MH, Marconi VC, Xu K, Justice AC. DNA methylation-based telomere length is associated with HIV infection, physical frailty, cancer, and all-cause mortality. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14174. [PMID: 38629454 PMCID: PMC11258465 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is an important indicator of cellular aging. Shorter TL is associated with several age-related diseases including coronary heart disease, heart failure, diabetes, osteoporosis, and cancer. Recently, a DNA methylation-based TL (DNAmTL) estimator has been developed as an alternative method for directly measuring TL. In this study, we examined the association of DNAmTL with cancer prevalence and mortality risk among people with and without HIV in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study Biomarker Cohort (VACS, N = 1917) and Women's Interagency HIV Study Cohort (WIHS, N = 481). We profiled DNAm in whole blood (VACS) or in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (WIHS) using an array-based method. Cancer prevalence was estimated from electronic medical records and cancer registry data. The VACS Index was used as a measure of physiologic frailty. Models were adjusted for self-reported race and ethnicity, batch, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and five cell types (CD4, CD8, NK, B cell, and monocyte). We found that people with HIV had shorter average DNAmTL than those without HIV infection [beta = -0.25, 95% confidence interval (-0.32, -0.18), p = 1.48E-12]. Greater value of VACS Index [beta = -0.002 (-0.003, -0.001), p = 2.82E-05] and higher cancer prevalence [beta = -0.07 (-0.10, -0.03), p = 1.37E-04 without adjusting age] were associated with shortened DNAmTL. In addition, one kilobase decrease in DNAmTL was associated with a 40% increase in mortality risk [hazard ratio: 0.60 (0.44, 0.82), p = 1.42E-03]. In summary, HIV infection, physiologic frailty, and cancer are associated with shortening DNAmTL, contributing to an increased risk of all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA
| | - Bradley E. Aouizerat
- Translational Research Center, College of DentistryNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of DentistryNew York UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Kaku So‐Armah
- Boston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mardge H. Cohen
- Department of MedicineStroger Hospital of Cook CountyChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Vincent C. Marconi
- Emory University School of Medicine and Rollins School of Public HealthThe Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical CenterAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of PsychiatryYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Amy C. Justice
- VA Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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37
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Jain SS, Burton Sojo G, Sun H, Friedland BN, McNamara ME, Schmidt MO, Wellstein A. The Role of Aging and Senescence in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response and Toxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7013. [PMID: 39000121 PMCID: PMC11241020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence accumulates with age and has been shown to impact numerous physiological and pathological processes, including immune function. The role of cellular senescence in cancer is multifaceted, but the impact on immune checkpoint inhibitor response and toxicity has not been fully evaluated. In this review, we evaluate the impact of cellular senescence in various biological compartments, including the tumor, the tumor microenvironment, and the immune system, on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy and toxicity. We provide an overview of the impact of cellular senescence in normal and pathological contexts and examine recent studies that have connected aging and cellular senescence to immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in both the pre-clinical and clinical contexts. Overall, senescence plays a multi-faceted, context-specific role and has been shown to modulate immune-related adverse event incidence as well as immune checkpoint inhibitor response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anton Wellstein
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA; (S.S.J.)
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38
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Tsaousidou E, Chrzanowski J, Drané P, Lee GY, Bahour N, Wang ZB, Deng S, Cao Z, Huang K, He Y, Kaminski M, Michalek D, Güney E, Parmar K, Fendler W, Chowdhury D, Hotamışlıgil GS. Endogenous p53 inhibitor TIRR dissociates systemic metabolic health from oncogenic activity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114337. [PMID: 38861384 PMCID: PMC11325268 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether metabolic health corresponds to reduced oncogenesis or vice versa. We study Tudor-interacting repair regulator (TIRR), an inhibitor of p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1)-mediated p53 activation, and the physiological consequences of enhancing tumor suppressor activity. Deleting TIRR selectively activates p53, significantly protecting against cancer but leading to a systemic metabolic imbalance in mice. TIRR-deficient mice are overweight and insulin resistant, even under normal chow diet. Similarly, reduced TIRR expression in human adipose tissue correlates with higher BMI and insulin resistance. Despite the metabolic challenges, TIRR loss improves p53 heterozygous (p53HET) mouse survival and correlates with enhanced progression-free survival in patients with various p53HET carcinomas. Finally, TIRR's oncoprotective and metabolic effects are dependent on p53 and lost upon p53 deletion in TIRR-deficient mice, with glucose homeostasis and orexigenesis being primarily regulated by TIRR expression in the adipose tissue and the CNS, respectively, as evidenced by tissue-specific models. In summary, TIRR deletion provides a paradigm of metabolic deregulation accompanied by reduced oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tsaousidou
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jędrzej Chrzanowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Pascal Drané
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Grace Y Lee
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nadine Bahour
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zeqiu Branden Wang
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shijun Deng
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhe Cao
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kaimeng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yizhou He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mateusz Kaminski
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominika Michalek
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ekin Güney
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kalindi Parmar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Gökhan S Hotamışlıgil
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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Wang Y, Yang Y, Liang C, Zhang H. Exploring the Roles of Key Mediators IKBKE and HSPA1A in Alzheimer's Disease and Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Bioinformatics Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6934. [PMID: 39000042 PMCID: PMC11241202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have hinted at a potential link between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and cancer. Thus, our study focused on finding genes common to AD and Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC), assessing their promise as diagnostic indicators and guiding future treatment approaches for both conditions. Our research utilized a broad methodology, including differential gene expression analysis, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), gene enrichment analysis, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves, and Kaplan-Meier plots, supplemented with immunohistochemistry data from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and machine learning techniques, to identify critical genes and significant pathways shared between AD and LIHC. Through differential gene expression analysis, WGCNA, and machine learning methods, we identified nine key genes associated with AD, which served as entry points for LIHC analysis. Subsequent analyses revealed IKBKE and HSPA1A as shared pivotal genes in patients with AD and LIHC, suggesting these genes as potential targets for intervention in both conditions. Our study indicates that IKBKE and HSPA1A could influence the onset and progression of AD and LIHC by modulating the infiltration levels of immune cells. This lays a foundation for future research into targeted therapies based on their shared mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, The Key Laboratory of New Drug Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hebei Province for Mechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China; (Y.W.); (Y.Y.); (C.L.)
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40
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Kaminski HJ, Kusner LL, Cutter GR, Le Panse R, Wright CD, Perry Y, Wolfe GI. Does Surgical Removal of the Thymus Have Deleterious Consequences? Neurology 2024; 102:e209482. [PMID: 38781559 PMCID: PMC11226319 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of immunosenescence, particularly the natural process of thymic involution during aging, is increasingly acknowledged as a factor contributing to the development of autoimmune diseases and cancer. Recently, a concern has been raised about deleterious consequences of the surgical removal of thymic tissue, including for patients who undergo thymectomy for myasthenia gravis (MG) or resection of a thymoma. This review adopts a multidisciplinary approach to scrutinize the evidence concerning the long-term risks of cancer and autoimmunity postthymectomy. We conclude that for patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive MG and those diagnosed with thymoma, the removal of the thymus offers prominent benefits that well outweigh the potential risks. However, incidental removal of thymic tissue during other thoracic surgeries should be minimized whenever feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry J Kaminski
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
| | - Linda L Kusner
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
| | - Gary R Cutter
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
| | - Rozen Le Panse
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
| | - Cameron D Wright
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
| | - Yaron Perry
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
| | - Gil I Wolfe
- From the Department of Neurology & Rehabilitation Medicine (H.J.K.), George Washington University, DC; Department of Pharmacology & Physiology (L.L.K.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham; INSERM (R.L.P.), Institute of Myology, Center of Research in Myology, Sorbonne University, Paris, France; Department of Surgery (C.D.W.), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; and Department of Surgery (Y.P.), and Department of Neurology (G.I.W.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo/SUNY, NY
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Nguyen NH, Dodd-Eaton EB, Corredor JL, Woodman-Ross J, Green S, Gutierrez AM, Arun BK, Wang W. Validating Risk Prediction Models for Multiple Primaries and Competing Cancer Outcomes in Families With Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Using Clinically Ascertained Data. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:2186-2195. [PMID: 38569124 PMCID: PMC11191065 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There exists a barrier between developing and disseminating risk prediction models in clinical settings. We hypothesize that this barrier may be lifted by demonstrating the utility of these models using incomplete data that are collected in real clinical sessions, as compared with the commonly used research cohorts that are meticulously collected. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic counselors (GCs) collect family history when patients (ie, probands) come to MD Anderson Cancer Center for risk assessment of Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a genetic disorder characterized by deleterious germline mutations in the TP53 gene. Our clinical counseling-based (CCB) cohort consists of 3,297 individuals across 124 families (522 cases of single primary cancer and 125 cases of multiple primary cancers). We applied our software suite LFSPRO to make risk predictions and assessed performance in discrimination using AUC and in calibration using observed/expected (O/E) ratio. RESULTS For prediction of deleterious TP53 mutations, we achieved an AUC of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.85) and an O/E ratio of 1.66 (95% CI, 1.53 to 1.80). Using the LFSPRO.MPC model to predict the onset of the second cancer, we obtained an AUC of 0.70 (95% CI, 0.58 to 0.82). Using the LFSPRO.CS model to predict the onset of different cancer types as the first primary, we achieved AUCs between 0.70 and 0.83 for sarcoma, breast cancer, or other cancers combined. CONCLUSION We describe a study that fills in the critical gap in knowledge for the utility of risk prediction models. Using a CCB cohort, our previously validated models have demonstrated good performance and outperformed the standard clinical criteria. Our study suggests that better risk counseling may be achieved by GCs using these already-developed mathematical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam H. Nguyen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Computation Biology, Houston, TX
- Rice University, Department of Statistics, Houston, TX
| | - Elissa B. Dodd-Eaton
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Computation Biology, Houston, TX
| | - Jessica L. Corredor
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Cancer Genetics, Houston, TX
| | - Jacynda Woodman-Ross
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Cancer Genetics, Houston, TX
| | - Sierra Green
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Cancer Genetics, Houston, TX
| | - Angelica M. Gutierrez
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Houston, TX
| | - Banu K. Arun
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Clinical Cancer Genetics, Houston, TX
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Houston, TX
| | - Wenyi Wang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Computation Biology, Houston, TX
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Santanelli di Pompeo F, Firmani G, Stanzani E, Clemens MW, Panagiotakos D, Di Napoli A, Sorotos M. Breast Implants and the Risk of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast: A Systematic Literature Review and Epidemiologic Study. Aesthet Surg J 2024; 44:757-768. [PMID: 38307034 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma may arise primarily from the breast parenchyma (PSCCB) or from the periprosthetic capsule in patients with breast implants (breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma [BIA-SCC]). A systematic literature review was performed to identify all PSCCB and BIA-SCC cases, and to estimate prevalence, incidence rate (IR), and risk. Studies up to November 2023 were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library for predefined keywords. The numerator for PSCCB and BIA-SCC was the number of cases obtained from the literature; the denominator for PSCCB was the female population aged from 18 to 99, and the denominator for BIA-SCC was the population with breast implants. Overall, 219 papers were included, featuring 2250 PSCCB and 30 BIA-SCC cases. PSCCB prevalence was 2.0 per 100,000 (95% CI, 0.2:100,000 to 7.2:100,000) individuals, with a lifetime risk of 1:49,509 (95% CI, 0.2:10,000 to 5.6:10,000); and BIA-SCC prevalence was 0.61 per 100,000 (95% CI, 0.2:100,000 to 1.3:100,000), with a lifetime risk of 1:164,884 (95% CI, 0.2:100,000 to 5.6:100,000). The prevalence of BIA-SCC is 3.33 times lower than that of PSCCB, while the prevalence of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is 3.84 times higher than that of primary breast ALCL. When comparing the BIA-SCC prevalence of 1:164,910 individuals with breast implants regardless of texture to the BIA-ALCL prevalence of 1:914 patients with textured implants, the BIA-SCC risk is 180 times lower than the BIA-ALCL risk. BIA-SCC occurs less frequently than PSCCB and considerably less than BIA-ALCL. The association between textured implants and BIA-SCC cases is relevant for patient education regarding uncommon and rare risks associated with breast implants, and ongoing vigilance, research, and strengthened reporting systems remain imperative.
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Chen ACY, Jaiswal S, Martinez D, Yerinde C, Ji K, Miranda V, Fung ME, Weiss SA, Zschummel M, Taguchi K, Garris CS, Mempel TR, Hacohen N, Sen DR. The aged tumor microenvironment limits T cell control of cancer. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:1033-1045. [PMID: 38745085 PMCID: PMC11500459 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-024-01828-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The etiology and effect of age-related immune dysfunction in cancer is not completely understood. Here we show that limited priming of CD8+ T cells in the aged tumor microenvironment (TME) outweighs cell-intrinsic defects in limiting tumor control. Increased tumor growth in aging is associated with reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration and function. Transfer of T cells from young mice does not restore tumor control in aged mice owing to rapid induction of T cell dysfunction. Cell-extrinsic signals in the aged TME drive a tumor-infiltrating age-associated dysfunctional (TTAD) cell state that is functionally, transcriptionally and epigenetically distinct from canonical T cell exhaustion. Altered natural killer cell-dendritic cell-CD8+ T cell cross-talk in aged tumors impairs T cell priming by conventional type 1 dendritic cells and promotes TTAD cell formation. Aged mice are thereby unable to benefit from therapeutic tumor vaccination. Critically, myeloid-targeted therapy to reinvigorate conventional type 1 dendritic cells can improve tumor control and restore CD8+ T cell immunity in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C Y Chen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sneha Jaiswal
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniela Martinez
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cansu Yerinde
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Keely Ji
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Velita Miranda
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan E Fung
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah A Weiss
- Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Zschummel
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuhiro Taguchi
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher S Garris
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thorsten R Mempel
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Debattama R Sen
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Pham AT, van Dijk BAC, van der Valk ES, van der Vegt B, van Rossum EFC, de Bock GH. Chronic Stress Related to Cancer Incidence, including the Role of Metabolic Syndrome Components. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2044. [PMID: 38893162 PMCID: PMC11171137 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological results on the link between chronic stress and cancer initiation have been inconsistent. This study examined the relation between chronic biological stress, indicated as hair cortisol (HairF) and hair cortisone (HairE), and cancer incidence, adjusting for metabolic syndrome (MetS) components. We analyzed HairF and HairE samples from 6341 participants from the population-based cohort Lifelines in 2014. A linkage with the Dutch Nationwide Pathology Databank (Palga) provided the cancer incidence from 2015 to 2021. The association between dichotomized HairF and log-transformed HairE (LogHairE) and cancer incidence was estimated using Cox regression. MetS components were evaluated as confounders or moderators. Of the 2776 participants with known HairF levels and no cancer history, 238 developed cancer. The HairF level did not predict cancer incidence (HR: 0.993, 95%CI: 0.740-1.333). No confounders or moderators were identified. Among the 4699 participants with known HairE levels and no cancer history, 408 developed cancer. There was no association between LogHairE and cancer incidence (HR: 1.113, 95%CI: 0.738-1.678). When including age as a confounder and gender as a moderator, LogHairE was statistically significantly associated with cancer incidence (HR: 6.403, 95%CI: 1.110-36.92). In a population-based cohort, chronic biological stress, measured by HairE, was associated with cancer incidence, after controlling for age and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Thanh Pham
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.A.C.v.D.); (G.H.d.B.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Boukje A. C. van Dijk
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.A.C.v.D.); (G.H.d.B.)
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation (IKNL), 3511 CV Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eline S. van der Valk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (E.S.v.d.V.); (E.F.C.v.R.)
| | - Bert van der Vegt
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (E.S.v.d.V.); (E.F.C.v.R.)
| | - Geertruida H. de Bock
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands; (B.A.C.v.D.); (G.H.d.B.)
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45
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Blériot C, Dunsmore G, Alonso-Curbelo D, Ginhoux F. A temporal perspective for tumor-associated macrophage identities and functions. Cancer Cell 2024; 42:747-758. [PMID: 38670090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a progressive disease that can develop and evolve over decades, with inflammation playing a central role at each of its stages, from tumor initiation to metastasis. In this context, macrophages represent well-established bridges reciprocally linking inflammation and cancer via an array of diverse functions that have spurred efforts to classify them into subtypes. Here, we discuss the intertwines between macrophages, inflammation, and cancer with an emphasis on temporal dynamics of macrophage diversity and functions in pre-malignancy and cancer. By instilling temporal dynamism into the more static classic view of tumor-associated macrophage biology, we propose a new framework to better contextualize their significance in the inflammatory processes that precede and result from the onset of cancer and shape its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Blériot
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM, Villejuif, France; Institut Necker des Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Direna Alonso-Curbelo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Gustave Roussy, INSERM, Villejuif, France; Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore, Singapore; Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS, Singapore, Singapore.
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Bouleftour W, Tinquaut F, Lafaie L. Chemotherapy Primary Dose Reduction in Older Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Cohort. Cancer Invest 2024; 42:416-424. [PMID: 38785096 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2357166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Primary dose reduction (PDR) in the first course of chemotherapy is an empirical practice, commonly used in older population. Patients over 70 years old receiving a first course of chemotherapy for a solid tumor were enrolled. A total of 179 patients were included. Standard dose was used in 69.8% of patients, while 30.2% received PDR of chemotherapy. Only 29.6% received a standardized geriatric assessment. Patients receiving standard doses presented 83.2% of toxicities, while 68% of toxicities were reported in patients receiving PDR. The toxicity rate was significantly decreased in patients treated with reduced first-cycle dose of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Bouleftour
- Institut de Cancérologie et d'Hématologie Universitaire de Saint-Étienne, CHU de Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Fabien Tinquaut
- Service de Santé Publique et d'Information Médicale, CHU de Saint Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Ludovic Lafaie
- Département de Gérontologie Clinique, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Sundaresan S, Rajapriya P, Lavanya SK. Aging and cancer: Clinical role of tumor markers in the geriatric population (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2024; 4:21. [PMID: 39640494 PMCID: PMC11618985 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2024.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/07/2024]
Abstract
Aging, with the progressive deterioration and functional decline of several organ systems, is highly heterogeneous for both between and within individuals. Tumor markers are widely used in clinical practice as a screening test for individuals >50 years of age. More specifically, caring for elderly patients is a public health concern, given the incidence of cancer and its related mortality and morbidity. A multidisciplinary diagnostic procedure known as a geriatric assessment is capable of identifying functional, psychological and physiological issues that are missed by standard evaluation. The present review focuses on cancers affecting the geriatric population, highlights current opportunities and challenges, and highlights the unmet need for clinically relevant tumor markers in elderly patients with cancer. A comprehensive geriatric examination, including a biological assessment, still requires conveniently available tumor markers and their levels in older populations in order to forecast deterioration or loss of functional balance. These tumor indicators ought to make it possible to track patients using other outcomes, such overall survival and functional impairment. Despite the notable progress made in the understanding of human biology, the mechanisms and networks underlying aging remain largely unknown. In addition, as elderly patients are a highly heterogeneous population, age-related changes cannot be distinguished solely by chronological age. Strong clinical studies, well-established protocols and meta-analyses may contribute to the better utilization of tumor biomarkers in the elderly population. Hence, the present review addresses the effects of aging on tumor markers and the usefulness of tumor marker values for the geriatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivapatham Sundaresan
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Palanirasu Rajapriya
- Department of Liver Sciences, Rela Institute of Medical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600044, India
| | - Selvaraj Kaveri Lavanya
- Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
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Gomes AP. Methylmalonic acid's potential as a prognostic indicator for cancer-related mortality. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:1099-1100. [PMID: 38702108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Gomes
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.
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Lomeli N, Pearre DC, Cruz M, Di K, Ricks-Oddie JL, Bota DA. Cisplatin induces BDNF downregulation in middle-aged female rat model while BDNF enhancement attenuates cisplatin neurotoxicity. Exp Neurol 2024; 375:114717. [PMID: 38336286 PMCID: PMC11087041 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) are neurological complications associated with cancer treatment, and greatly affect cancer survivors' quality of life. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in neurogenesis, learning and memory. The reduction of BDNF is associated with the decrease in cognitive function in various neurological disorders. Few pre-clinical studies have reported on the effects of chemotherapy and medical stress on BDNF levels and cognition. The present study aimed to compare the effects of medical stress and cisplatin on serum BDNF levels and cognitive function in 9-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats to age-matched controls. Serum BDNF levels were collected longitudinally during cisplatin treatment, and cognitive function was assessed by novel object recognition (NOR) 14 weeks post-cisplatin initiation. Terminal BDNF levels were collected 24 weeks after cisplatin initiation. In cultured hippocampal neurons, we screened three neuroprotective agents, riluzole (an approved treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), as well as the ampakines CX546 and CX1739. We assessed dendritic arborization by Sholl analysis and dendritic spine density by quantifying postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) puncta. Cisplatin and exposure to medical stress reduced serum BDNF levels and impaired object discrimination in NOR compared to age-matched controls. Pharmacological BDNF augmentation protected neurons against cisplatin-induced reductions in dendritic branching and PSD-95. Ampakines (CX546 and CX1739) and riluzole did not affect the antitumor efficacy of cisplatin in vitro. In conclusion, we established the first middle-aged rat model of cisplatin-induced CRCI, assessing the contribution of medical stress and longitudinal changes in BDNF levels on cognitive function, although future studies are warranted to assess the efficacy of BDNF enhancement in vivo on synaptic plasticity. Collectively, our results indicate that cancer treatment exerts long-lasting changes in BDNF levels, and support BDNF enhancement as a potential preventative approach to target CRCI with therapeutics that are FDA approved and/or in clinical study for other indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Lomeli
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Diana C Pearre
- Gynecologic Oncology, Providence Specialty Medical Group, Burbank, CA, USA
| | - Maureen Cruz
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Kaijun Di
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Joni L Ricks-Oddie
- Center for Statistical Consulting, Department of Statistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Research Design Unit, Institute for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniela A Bota
- Department of Neurology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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50
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Low CE, Yau CE, Tan RY, Ong VCS, Ho RCM, Ho CSH, Lee ARYB, Chen MZ. Association of depression with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in older adults with cancer: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. J Geriatr Oncol 2024; 15:101700. [PMID: 38218674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2023.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence and mortality of cancer is increasing worldwide with studies reporting that cumulative risk of cancer rises as age increases. Against the backdrop of the increasing prevalence of cancer amongst older patients, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the depression-mortality relationship in older adults with cancer (OAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS This PRISMA-adherent systematic review involved a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO for prospective and retrospective cohort studies comparing the risk of all-cause and cancer-related mortality among OAC with depression. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used for the primary analysis. RESULTS From 5,280 citations, we included 14 cohort studies. Meta-analyses of hazard ratios (HRs) showed an increased incidence of all-cause mortality in OAC with depression (pooled HR: 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25, 1.55). Subgroup analyses of other categorical study-level characteristics were insignificant. While risk of cancer-related mortality in OAC with depression was insignificantly increased with a pooled HR of 1.21 (95% CI: 0.98, 1.49), subgroup analysis indicated that risk of cancer-related mortality in OAC with depression significantly differed with cancer type. Our systematic review found that having fewer comorbidities, a higher education level, greater socioeconomic status, and positive social supportive factors lowered risk of all-cause mortality in OAC with depression. DISCUSSION Depression in OAC significantly increases risk of all-cause mortality and cancer-related mortality among different cancer types. It is imperative for healthcare providers and policy makers to recognize vulnerable subgroups among older adults with cancer to individualize interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ee Low
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun En Yau
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ren Ying Tan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Roger Chun Man Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Cyrus Su Hui Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Matthew Zhixuan Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore.
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