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Lv Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Gao X, Ren Y, Deng L, Xu L, Zhou J, Wu B, Wei Y, Cui X, Xu Z, Guo Y, Qiu Y, Ye L, Chen C, Wang J, Li C, Luo Y, Yin Z, Mao C, Yu Q, Lu H, Kraus VB, Zeng Y, Tong S, Shi X. Body mass index, waist circumference, and mortality in subjects older than 80 years: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur Heart J 2024; 45:2145-2154. [PMID: 38626306 PMCID: PMC11212828 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehae206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Emerging evidence has raised an obesity paradox in observational studies of body mass index (BMI) and health among the oldest-old (aged ≥80 years), as an inverse relationship of BMI with mortality was reported. This study was to investigate the causal associations of BMI, waist circumference (WC), or both with mortality in the oldest-old people in China. METHODS A total of 5306 community-based oldest-old (mean age 90.6 years) were enrolled in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) between 1998 and 2018. Genetic risk scores were constructed from 58 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with BMI and 49 SNPs associated with WC to subsequently derive causal estimates for Mendelian randomization (MR) models. One-sample linear MR along with non-linear MR analyses were performed to explore the associations of genetically predicted BMI, WC, and their joint effect with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and non-CVD mortality. RESULTS During 24 337 person-years of follow-up, 3766 deaths were documented. In observational analyses, higher BMI and WC were both associated with decreased mortality risk [hazard ratio (HR) 0.963, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.955-0.971 for a 1-kg/m2 increment of BMI and HR 0.971 (95% CI 0.950-0.993) for each 5 cm increase of WC]. Linear MR models indicated that each 1 kg/m2 increase in genetically predicted BMI was monotonically associated with a 4.5% decrease in all-cause mortality risk [HR 0.955 (95% CI 0.928-0.983)]. Non-linear curves showed the lowest mortality risk at the BMI of around 28.0 kg/m2, suggesting that optimal BMI for the oldest-old may be around overweight or mild obesity. Positive monotonic causal associations were observed between WC and all-cause mortality [HR 1.108 (95% CI 1.036-1.185) per 5 cm increase], CVD mortality [HR 1.193 (95% CI 1.064-1.337)], and non-CVD mortality [HR 1.110 (95% CI 1.016-1.212)]. The joint effect analyses indicated that the lowest risk was observed among those with higher BMI and lower WC. CONCLUSIONS Among the oldest-old, opposite causal associations of BMI and WC with mortality were observed, and a body figure with higher BMI and lower WC could substantially decrease the mortality risk. Guidelines for the weight management should be cautiously designed and implemented among the oldest-old people, considering distinct roles of BMI and WC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuebin Lv
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyong Ren
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luojia Deng
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanjing Xu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinhui Zhou
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Bing Wu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xingyao Cui
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zinan Xu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Guo
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yidan Qiu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Ye
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jun Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chenfeng Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yufei Luo
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environment Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhaoxue Yin
- Division of Non-Communicable Disease and Healthy Aging Management, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Lu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Virginia Byers Kraus
- Department of Medicine, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Division of Rheumatology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Yi Zeng
- Center for Study of Healthy Aging and Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, #7 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang, Beijing 100021, China
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Yang M, Jiang J, Ren R, Gao N, He J, Zhang Y. Role of ADAR1 on Proliferation and Differentiation in Porcine Preadipocytes. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1201. [PMID: 38672349 PMCID: PMC11047480 DOI: 10.3390/ani14081201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research has identified ADAR1 as a participant in the regulation of lipid accumulation in mice. However, there are no reports on the roles of ADAR1 in proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of porcine preadipocytes. In this study, we investigated the role of ADAR1 in differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of porcine preadipocytes using CCK-8, EdU staining, cell cycle detection, RT-qPCR, Western blot, a triglyceride assay and Oil Red O staining. The over-expression of ADAR1 significantly promoted proliferation but inhibited the differentiation and apoptosis of porcine preadipocytes. The inhibition of ADAR1 had the opposite effect on the proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of porcine preadipocytes with over-expressed ADAR1. Then, the regulation mechanisms of ADAR1 on preadipocyte proliferation were identified using RNA-seq, and 197 DEGs in response to ADAR1 knockdown were identified. The MAPK signaling pathway is significantly enriched, indicating its importance in mediating fat accumulation regulated by ADAR1. The study's findings will aid in uncovering the mechanisms that regulate fat accumulation through ADAR1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghuan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (R.R.); (N.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (R.R.); (N.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ruimin Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (R.R.); (N.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ning Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (R.R.); (N.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jun He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (R.R.); (N.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuebo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (M.Y.); (J.J.); (R.R.); (N.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Pig) Evaluation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changsha 410128, China
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Jiménez-Franco A, Castañé H, Martínez-Navidad C, Placed-Gallego C, Hernández-Aguilera A, Fernández-Arroyo S, Samarra I, Canela-Capdevila M, Arenas M, Zorzano A, Hernández-Alvarez MI, Castillo DD, Paris M, Menendez JA, Camps J, Joven J. Metabolic adaptations in severe obesity: Insights from circulating oxylipins before and after weight loss. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:246-258. [PMID: 38101315 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between lipid mediators and severe obesity remains unclear. Our study investigates the impact of severe obesity on plasma concentrations of oxylipins and fatty acids and explores the consequences of weight loss. METHODS In the clinical trial identifier NCT05554224 study, 116 patients with severe obesity and 63 overweight/obese healthy controls matched for age and sex (≈2:1) provided plasma. To assess the effect of surgically induced weight loss, we requested paired plasma samples from 44 patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy one year after the procedure. Oxylipins were measured using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer via semi-targeted lipidomics. Cytokines and markers of interorgan crosstalk were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS We observed significantly elevated levels of circulating fatty acids and oxylipins in patients with severe obesity compared to their metabolically healthier overweight/obese counterparts. Our findings indicated that sex and liver disease were not confounding factors, but we observed weak correlations in plasma with circulating adipokines, suggesting the influence of adipose tissue. Importantly, while weight loss restored the balance in circulating fatty acids, it did not fully normalize the oxylipin profile. Before surgery, oxylipins derived from lipoxygenase activity, such as 12-HETE, 11-HDoHE, 14-HDoHE, and 12-HEPE, were predominant. However, one year following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, we observed a complex shift in the oxylipin profile, favoring species from the cyclooxygenase pathway, particularly proinflammatory prostanoids like TXB2, PGE2, PGD2, and 12-HHTrE. This transformation appears to be linked to a reduction in adiposity, underscoring the role of lipid turnover in the development of metabolic disorders associated with severe obesity. CONCLUSIONS Despite the reduction in fatty acid levels associated with weight loss, the oxylipin profile shifts towards a predominance of more proinflammatory species. These observations underscore the significance of seeking mechanistic approaches to address severe obesity and emphasize the importance of closely monitoring the metabolic adaptations after weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Jiménez-Franco
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Helena Castañé
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristian Martínez-Navidad
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Cristina Placed-Gallego
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | | | - Iris Samarra
- Center for Omics Sciences, EURECAT-Technology Center of Catalonia, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Canela-Capdevila
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Meritxell Arenas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - María Isabel Hernández-Alvarez
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, Barcelona, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Daniel Del Castillo
- Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili. Avinguda, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Marta Paris
- Servei de Cirurgia, Hospital Sant Joan de Reus, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili. Avinguda, Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Javier A Menendez
- Metabolism and Cancer Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Spain; Girona Biomedical Research Institute, Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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Lau ES, Roshandelpoor A, Zarbafian S, Wang D, Guseh JS, Allen N, Varadarajan V, Nayor M, Shah RV, Lima JAC, Shah SJ, Yu B, Alotaibi M, Cheng S, Jain M, Lewis GD, Ho JE. Eicosanoid and eicosanoid-related inflammatory mediators and exercise intolerance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7557. [PMID: 37985769 PMCID: PMC10662264 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation has been implicated in the pathobiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Here, we examine the association of upstream mediators of inflammation as ascertained by fatty-acid derived eicosanoid and eicosanoid-related metabolites with HFpEF status and exercise manifestations of HFpEF. Among 510 participants with chronic dyspnea and preserved LVEF who underwent invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing, we find that 70 of 890 eicosanoid and related metabolites are associated with HFpEF status, including 17 named and 53 putative eicosanoids (FDR q-value < 0.1). Prostaglandin (15R-PGF2α, 11ß-dhk-PGF2α) and linoleic acid derivatives (12,13 EpOME) are associated with greater odds of HFpEF, while epoxides (8(9)-EpETE), docosanoids (13,14-DiHDPA), and oxylipins (12-OPDA) are associated with lower odds of HFpEF. Among 70 metabolites, 18 are associated with future development of heart failure in the community. Pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoid and related metabolites may contribute to the pathogenesis of HFpEF and serve as potential targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Lau
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Athar Roshandelpoor
- CardioVascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 330 Brookline Avenue, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Shahrooz Zarbafian
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Google LLC, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View, CA, 94043, USA
| | - Dongyu Wang
- CardioVascular Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, 330 Brookline Avenue, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - James S Guseh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Norrina Allen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Vinithra Varadarajan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Cardiology Division, Boston University School of Medicine, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Research Center (VTRACC), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Drive, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Joao A C Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sanjiv J Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 East Superior Street, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health School of Public Health, 1200 Pressler Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mona Alotaibi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 127 South San Vincente Pavilion, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- Department of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Gregory D Lewis
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Jennifer E Ho
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
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Yang Y, Chen D, Zhong D, Yi Z. Association of body mass index with survival in U.S. cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 1999-2018. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1180442. [PMID: 37251930 PMCID: PMC10213672 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1180442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the association between relative mortality with body mass index (BMI) may aid clinicians in making suitable clinical decisions. Our study evaluated the impact of BMI on mortality among cancer survivors. Methods We used data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2018. Relevant mortality data were retrieved up until December 31, 2019. Adjusted Cox models were employed to examine the association of BMI with the risks for total and cause-specific mortality. Results Among 4135 cancer survivors, 1486 (35.9%) were obese (21.0% class 1 obesity [BMI 30-< 35 kg/m2], 9.2% class 2 obesity [BMI 35 -< 40 kg/m2], 5.7% class 3 obesity [BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2]), 1475(35.7%) were overweight (BMI 25-< 30 kg/m2). During an average follow-up of 8.9 years (35895 person-years), a total of 1361 deaths were reported (cancer 392; 356 cardiovascular disease [CVD]; 613, non-cancer, non-CVD). In multivariable models, underweight participants (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) were associated with significantly higher risks of cancer-specific (HR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.37-8.03, P=0.01) and CVD cause (HR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.44-7.02, P < 0.001) mortality compared to individuals with normal weight. Being overweight was associated with significantly lower risks of non-cancer, non-CVD cause mortality (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.51-0.87, P < 0.001). Class 1 obesity was associated with significantly reduced risks of all-cause (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61-0.99, P = 0.04), and non-cancer, non-CVD cause (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42-0.86, P = 0.01) mortality. A higher risk of CVD-related mortality (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.07-5.18, P = 0.03) was observed in class 3 obesity cases. Lower risks of all-cause mortality were detected in men (overweight, HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59-0.99, P=0.04; class 1 obesity, HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.49-0.98, P = 0.04) but not in woman, in never-smokers (class 1 obesity, HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41-0.90, P=0.01) and former smokers (overweight, HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60-0.98, P=0.04) but not in current smokers; in obesity-related cancer (class 2 obesity, HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27-0.89, P=0.01) but not in non-obesity-related cancers. Conclusions In the United States, cancer survivors with overweight or moderate obesity (class 1 or class 2 obesity) demonstrated a lower risk of all-cause and noncancer, non-CVD cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dingfu Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinhua People’s Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongbi Yi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Effects of Fatty Acid Metabolites on Adipocytes Britening: Role of Thromboxane A2. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030446. [PMID: 36766790 PMCID: PMC9913700 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex disease highly related to diet and lifestyle and is associated with low amount of thermogenic adipocytes. Therapeutics that regulate brown adipocyte recruitment and activity represent interesting strategies to fight overweight and associated comorbidities. Recent studies suggest a role for several fatty acids and their metabolites, called lipokines, in the control of thermogenesis. The purpose of this work was to analyze the role of several lipokines in the control of brown/brite adipocyte formation. We used a validated human adipocyte model, human multipotent adipose-derived stem cell model (hMADS). In the absence of rosiglitazone, hMADS cells differentiate into white adipocytes, but convert into brite adipocytes upon rosiglitazone or prostacyclin 2 (PGI2) treatment. Gene expression was quantified using RT-qPCR and protein levels were assessed by Western blotting. We show here that lipokines such as 12,13-diHOME, 12-HEPE, 15dPGJ2 and 15dPGJ3 were not able to induce browning of white hMADS adipocytes. However, both fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs), 9-PAHPA and 9-PAHSA potentiated brown key marker UCP1 mRNA levels. Interestingly, CTA2, the stable analog of thromboxane A2 (TXA2), but not its inactive metabolite TXB2, inhibited the rosiglitazone and PGI2-induced browning of hMADS adipocytes. These results pinpoint TXA2 as a lipokine inhibiting brown adipocyte formation that is antagonized by PGI2. Our data open new horizons in the development of potential therapies based on the control of thromboxane A2/prostacyclin balance to combat obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Dai Y, Xu R, Wu G, Yin Z, Zhang H, Li H, Chen W. Aspirin Suppresses Hepatic Glucagon Signaling Through Decreasing Production of Thromboxane A2. Endocrinology 2023; 164:6967064. [PMID: 36592127 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Excessive hepatic glucose production (HGP) is a major cause of fasting hyperglycemia in diabetes, and antihyperglycemic therapy takes center stage. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), reduce hyperglycemia caused by unrestrained gluconeogenesis in diabetes, but its mechanism is incompletely understood. Here, we reported that aspirin lowers fasting blood glucose and hepatic gluconeogenesis, corresponds with lower thromboxane A2 (TXA2) levels, and the hypoglycemic effect of aspirin could be rescued by TP agonist treatment. On fasting and diabetes stress, the cyclooxygenase (COX)/TXA2/thromboxane A2 receptor (TP) axis was increased in the livers. TP deficiency suppressed starvation-induced hepatic glucose output, thus inhibiting the progression of diabetes, whereas TP activation promoted gluconeogenesis. Aspirin restrains glucagon signaling and gluconeogenic gene expression (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase [PCK1] and glucose-6-phosphatase [G6Pase]) through the TXA2/TP axis. TP mediates hepatic gluconeogenesis by activating PLC/IP3/IP3R signaling, which subsequently enhances CREB phosphorylation via facilitating CRTC2 nuclear translocation. Thus, our findings demonstrate that TXA2/TP plays a crucial role in aspirin's inhibition of hepatic glucose metabolism, and TP may represent a therapeutic target for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Guanglu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Zihao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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8
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Kornej J, Qadan MA, Alotaibi M, Van Wagoner DR, Watrous JD, Trinquart L, Preis SR, Ko D, Jain M, Benjamin EJ, Cheng S, Lin H. The association between eicosanoids and incident atrial fibrillation in the Framingham Heart Study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20218. [PMID: 36418854 PMCID: PMC9684401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a continuous low-grade activation of the systemic immune response. Whereas downstream inflammatory markers are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF), upstream inflammatory effectors including eicosanoids are less studied. To examine the association between eicosanoids and incident AF. We used a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the non-targeted measurement of 161 eicosanoids and eicosanoid-related metabolites in the Framingham Heart Study. The association of each eicosanoid and incident AF was assessed using Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted for AF risk factors, including age, sex, height, weight, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, current smoking, antihypertensive medication, diabetes, history of myocardial infarction and heart failure. False discovery rate (FDR) was used to adjust for multiple testing. Eicosanoids with FDR < 0.05 were considered significant. In total, 2676 AF-free individuals (mean age 66 ± 9 years, 56% females) were followed for mean 10.8 ± 3.4 years; 351 participants developed incident AF. Six eicosanoids were associated with incident AF after adjusting for multiple testing (FDR < 0.05). A joint score was built from the top eicosanoids weighted by their effect sizes, which was associated with incident AF (HR = 2.72, CI = 1.71-4.31, P = 2.1 × 10-5). In conclusion, six eicosanoids were associated with incident AF after adjusting for clinical risk factors for AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Kornej
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA. .,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Maha A. Qadan
- grid.239578.20000 0001 0675 4725Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Mona Alotaibi
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - David R. Van Wagoner
- grid.239578.20000 0001 0675 4725Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Jeramie D. Watrous
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Ludovic Trinquart
- grid.510954.c0000 0004 0444 3861National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Sarah R. Preis
- grid.510954.c0000 0004 0444 3861National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Darae Ko
- grid.510954.c0000 0004 0444 3861National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA
| | - Mohit Jain
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Emelia J. Benjamin
- grid.510954.c0000 0004 0444 3861National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
| | - Susan Cheng
- grid.512369.aDepartment of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Honghuang Lin
- grid.510954.c0000 0004 0444 3861National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Boston University’s Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA ,grid.168645.80000 0001 0742 0364Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
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9
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Kahn D, Macias E, Zarini S, Garfield A, Zemski Berry K, MacLean P, Gerszten RE, Libby A, Solt C, Schoen J, Bergman BC. Exploring Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Secretomes in Human Obesity: Implications for Metabolic Disease. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6678177. [PMID: 36036084 PMCID: PMC9761573 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretions are depot-specific and vary based on anatomical location. Considerable attention has been focused on visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue with regard to metabolic disease, yet our knowledge of the secretome from these depots is incomplete. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of VAT and SAT secretomes in the context of metabolic function. Conditioned media generated using SAT and VAT explants from individuals with obesity were analyzed using proteomics, mass spectrometry, and multiplex assays. Conditioned media were administered in vitro to rat hepatocytes and myotubes to assess the functional impact of adipose tissue signaling on insulin responsiveness. VAT secreted more cytokines (IL-12p70, IL-13, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8), adipokines (matrix metalloproteinase-1, PAI-1), and prostanoids (TBX2, PGE2) compared with SAT. Secretome proteomics revealed differences in immune/inflammatory response and extracellular matrix components. In vitro, VAT-conditioned media decreased hepatocyte and myotube insulin sensitivity, hepatocyte glucose handling, and increased basal activation of inflammatory signaling in myotubes compared with SAT. Depot-specific differences in adipose tissue secretome composition alter paracrine and endocrine signaling. The unique secretome of VAT has distinct and negative impact on hepatocyte and muscle insulin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Emily Macias
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Simona Zarini
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Amanda Garfield
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Paul MacLean
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- The Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Andrew Libby
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Claudia Solt
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jonathan Schoen
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bryan C Bergman
- Correspondence: Bryan Bergman, PhD, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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10
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Karamanakos G, Kokkinos A, Dalamaga M, Liatis S. Highlighting the Role of Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Type 1 Diabetes and Its Associated Cardiometabolic Complications. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:180-202. [PMID: 35931912 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review appraises research data on the potentially harmful effect of obesity and insulin resistance (IR) co-existence with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM)-related cardiovascular (CVD) complications and evaluates possible therapeutic options. RECENT FINDINGS Obesity and IR have increasingly been emerging in patients with T1DM. Genetic, epigenetic factors, and subcutaneous insulin administration are implicated in the pathogenesis of this coexistence. Accumulating evidence implies that the concomitant presence of obesity and IR is an independent predictor of worse CVD outcomes. The prevalence of obesity and IR has increased in patients with T1DM. This increase can be partly attributed to general population trends but, additionally, to iatrogenic weight gain caused by insulin treatment. This association might be the missing link explaining the excess CVD burden observed in patients with T1DM despite optimal glycemic control. Data on newer agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treatment are unraveling novel ways to challenge this aggravating coexistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Karamanakos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, Athens, 11527, Greece.
| | - Alexander Kokkinos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Maria Dalamaga
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stavros Liatis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 17 Agiou Thoma Street, Athens, 11527, Greece
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11
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Kahn D, Macias E, Zarini S, Garfield A, Zemski Berry K, Gerszten R, Schoen J, Cree‐Green M, Bergman BC. Quantifying the inflammatory secretome of human intermuscular adipose tissue. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15424. [PMID: 35980018 PMCID: PMC9387112 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue secretes an abundance of lipid and protein mediators, and this secretome is depot-specific, with local and systemic effects on metabolic regulation. Intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) accumulates within the skeletal muscle compartment in obesity, and is associated with insulin resistance and metabolic disease. While the human IMAT secretome decreases insulin sensitivity in vitro, its composition is entirely unknown. The current study was conducted to investigate the composition of the human IMAT secretome, compared to that of the subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depots. IMAT, SAT, and VAT explants from individuals with obesity were used to generate conditioned media. Proteomics analysis of conditioned media was performed using multiplex proximity extension assays, and eicosanoid analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Compared to SAT and/or VAT, IMAT secreted significantly more cytokines (IL2, IL5, IL10, IL13, IL27, FGF23, IFNγ and CSF1) and chemokines (MCP1, IL8, CCL11, CCL20, CCL25 and CCL27). Adipokines hepatocyte growth factor and resistin were secreted significantly more by IMAT than SAT or VAT. IMAT secreted significantly more eicosanoids (PGE2, TXB2 , 5-HETE, and 12-HETE) compared to SAT and/or VAT. In the context of obesity, IMAT is a distinct adipose tissue with a highly immunogenic and inflammatory secretome, and given its proximity to skeletal muscle, may be critical to glucose regulation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcy Kahn
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Emily Macias
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Simona Zarini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Amanda Garfield
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Karin Zemski Berry
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Robert Gerszten
- The Cardiovascular Research Center and Cardiology DivisionMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA
| | - Jonathan Schoen
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Melanie Cree‐Green
- Division of Pediatric EndocrinologyUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Bryan C. Bergman
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
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12
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Soták M, Rajan MR, Clark M, Harms M, Rani A, Kraft JD, Tandio D, Shen T, Borkowski K, Fiehn O, Newman JW, Quiding-Järbrink M, Biörserud C, Apelgren P, Staalesen T, Hagberg CE, Boucher J, Wallenius V, Lange S, Börgeson E. Lipoxins reduce obesity-induced adipose tissue inflammation in 3D-cultured human adipocytes and explant cultures. iScience 2022; 25:104602. [PMID: 35789845 PMCID: PMC9249816 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue inflammation drives obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases. Enhancing endogenous resolution mechanisms through administration of lipoxin A4, a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator, was shown to reduce adipose inflammation and subsequently protects against obesity-induced systemic disease in mice. Here, we demonstrate that lipoxins reduce inflammation in 3D-cultured human adipocytes and adipose tissue explants from obese patients. Approximately 50% of patients responded particularly well to lipoxins by reducing inflammatory cytokines and promoting an anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage phenotype. Responding patients were characterized by elevated systemic levels of C-reactive protein, which causes inflammation in cultured human adipocytes. Responders appeared more prone to producing anti-inflammatory oxylipins and displayed elevated prostaglandin D2 levels, which has been interlinked with transcription of lipoxin-generating enzymes. Using explant cultures, this study provides the first proof-of-concept evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of lipoxins in reducing human adipose tissue inflammation. Our data further indicate that lipoxin treatment may require a tailored personalized-medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matúš Soták
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Vaestra Goetaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Meenu Rohini Rajan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Vaestra Goetaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Madison Clark
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthew Harms
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alankrita Rani
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Vaestra Goetaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jamie D. Kraft
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Tandio
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tong Shen
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kamil Borkowski
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John W. Newman
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, USA
| | - Marianne Quiding-Järbrink
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christina Biörserud
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Apelgren
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Vaestra Goetaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Plastic Surgery, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Trude Staalesen
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Vaestra Goetaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Plastic Surgery, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carolina E. Hagberg
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeremie Boucher
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Lundberg Laboratory for Diabetes Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ville Wallenius
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stephan Lange
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Emma Börgeson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Vaestra Goetaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Du Y, Li DX, Lu DY, Zhang R, Zhao YL, Zhong QQ, Ji S, Wang L, Tang DQ. Lipid metabolism disorders and lipid mediator changes of mice in response to long-term exposure to high-fat and high sucrose diets and ameliorative effects of mulberry leaves. Food Funct 2022; 13:4576-4591. [PMID: 35355025 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves exhibit anti-lipogenic and lipid-lowering effects. However, the lipid biomarkers and underlying mechanisms for the improvement of the action of mulberry leaves on obesity and lipid metabolism disorders have not been sufficiently investigated yet. Herein, biochemical analysis combined with metabolomics targeting serum lipid mediators (oxylipins) were used to explore the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of mulberry leaf water extract (MLWE) in high-fat and high-sucrose diet (HFHSD)-fed mice. Our results showed that MLWE supplementation not only decreased body weight gain, serum total triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels, but also increased the serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In addition, MLWE supplementation also ameliorated hepatic steatosis and lipid accumulation. These beneficial effects were associated with down-regulating genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipogenesis such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase and fatty acid synthase, and up-regulating genes related to lipolysis that encoded peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, adiponectin (ADPN), adiponectin receptor (AdipoR) 1, AdipoR2, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and hormone-sensitive lipase. Moreover, a total of 54 serum lipid mediators were differentially changed in HFHSD-fed mice, among which 11 lipid mediators from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were apparently reversed by MLWE. These findings indicated that the ADPN/AMPK pathway, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and n-3 PUFA metabolism played important roles in anti-obesity and improvement of lipid metabolism disorders modulated by MLWE supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Ding-Xiang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Dong-Yu Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Suining People's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suining 221202, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Yan-Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Suining People's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suining 221202, China
| | - Qiao-Qiao Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Shuai Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221204, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China. .,Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221204, China
| | - Dao-Quan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China. .,Department of Pharmacy, Suining People's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suining 221202, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221204, China
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14
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Navarro-Almenzar B, Cerezo-Manchado JJ, García-Candel F. Real life behaviour of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and morbid obesity. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 37:100913. [PMID: 34825048 PMCID: PMC8603013 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent arrhythmia worldwide and the main cause of anticoagulation, being direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) increasingly used in this context. On the other hand, obesity is a known risk thromboembolic factor. In the clinical trials that led to the approval of DOAC for ischemic stroke prevention, patients with morbid obesity were underrepresented. The International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis suggests not using these drugs in morbid obese patients. Thus, the primary objectives of this study were to analyse the rates of mortality, thrombotic and haemorrhagic events in patients with morbid obesity. As secondary objectives, factors statistically associated with these events were analysed. Methods: multicentre retrospective study that included patients diagnosed with AF on treatment with DOAC from January 2013 to December 2016. The subgroup of patients with morbid obesity (BMI > 40 and / or weight > 120 kg) was analysed. Mean follow-up was 1.7 years. Results: Amongst 2,492 patients included in the study, 135 patients had morbid obesity (mean age was 71 ± 11 years). The mean scores of the CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED risk scales were 3.7 ± 1.6 and 2.2 ± 0.9, respectively. Neither differences were found regarding mortality (5.2 vs 6/100 patient-years, p = 0.662), ischemic stroke (0.8 vs 1.9/100 patient-years, p = 0.261) and major bleeding rates (3 vs 3.1/100 patient-years, p = 0.983) between morbidly obese population and general population. Nor was there an association found between the degree of obesity and any of the events studied. Conclusion: DOAC are safe and effective in morbidly obese patients.
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Association of overweight and obesity with the prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5089-5098. [PMID: 34455268 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Pressure ulcers challenge the health status, complicate medical conditions, and affect quality of life. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the role of obesity and body weight status, as potentially modifiable risk factors, in the incidence and prevalence of pressure ulcers. METHODS A systematic search of observational studies was performed to assess documents published between January 1990 and December 2019 in PubMed and Scopus. Finally, 17 articles with total sample size of 2228724 in the prevalence and 218178 in the incidence study were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS The pooled data analysis showed no significant effect of obesity on odds of pressure ulcers' prevalence (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.27, P = 0.579, I2 = 84.8%) or incidence (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.66, P = 0.905, I2 = 89.8%) compared with non-obese individuals. Overweight was associated with significantly lower odds of prevalence of pressure ulcers compared to non-overweight individuals (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.88, P = 0.014, I2 = 90.2%). The subgroup analyses showed significantly higher odds of prevalence (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.72 to 3.29, P < 0.001, I2 = 63.4%) and incidence (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.77 to 2.94, P < 0.001, I2 = 27.9%) of pressure ulcers in the underweight compared to normal weight groups. Pooled data analyses showed significantly lower odds of prevalence (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.96, P = 0.034, I2 = 82%) and incidence (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.53 to 0.98, P = 0.039, I2 = 67.1%) of pressure ulcers in the overweight than normal weight individuals. The findings showed no significant differences in the odds of prevalence or incidence of pressure ulcers in the obese and morbidly obese compared to normal weight individuals. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis showed no significant effect of obesity or morbid obesity on the odds of pressure ulcers. Additionally, overweight was associated with lower odds of pressure ulcers while underweight significantly increased the odds of pressure injuries.
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Bourgeois T, Jalil A, Thomas C, Magnani C, Le Guern N, Gautier T, Pais de Barros JP, Bergas V, Choubley H, Mazzeo L, Menegaut L, Josiane Lebrun L, Van Dongen K, Xolin M, Jourdan T, Buch C, Labbé J, Saas P, Lagrost L, Masson D, Grober J. Deletion of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 in myeloid cells worsens hepatic steatosis after a high-fat diet. J Lipid Res 2020; 62:100013. [PMID: 33518513 PMCID: PMC7859853 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted an important role for lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3) in controlling the PUFA composition of cell membranes in the liver and intestine. In these organs, LPCAT3 critically supports cell-membrane-associated processes such as lipid absorption or lipoprotein secretion. However, the role of LPCAT3 in macrophages remains controversial. Here, we investigated LPCAT3's role in macrophages both in vitro and in vivo in mice with atherosclerosis and obesity. To accomplish this, we used the LysMCre strategy to develop a mouse model with conditional Lpcat3 deficiency in myeloid cells (Lpcat3KOMac). We observed that partial Lpcat3 deficiency (approximately 75% reduction) in macrophages alters the PUFA composition of all phospholipid (PL) subclasses, including phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylserines. A reduced incorporation of C20 PUFAs (mainly arachidonic acid [AA]) into PLs was associated with a redistribution of these FAs toward other cellular lipids such as cholesteryl esters. Lpcat3 deficiency had no obvious impact on macrophage inflammatory response or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; however, Lpcat3KOMac macrophages exhibited a reduction in cholesterol efflux in vitro. In vivo, myeloid Lpcat3 deficiency did not affect atherosclerosis development in LDL receptor deficient mouse (Ldlr-/-) mice. Lpcat3KOMac mice on a high-fat diet displayed a mild increase in hepatic steatosis associated with alterations in several liver metabolic pathways and in liver eicosanoid composition. We conclude that alterations in AA metabolism along with myeloid Lpcat3 deficiency may secondarily affect AA homeostasis in the whole liver, leading to metabolic disorders and triglyceride accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Bourgeois
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Antoine Jalil
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Charles Thomas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Charlène Magnani
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Naig Le Guern
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Lipidomic analytic plate-forme, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Batiment B3, Bvd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France
| | - Victoria Bergas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Lipidomic analytic plate-forme, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Batiment B3, Bvd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Choubley
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Lipidomic analytic plate-forme, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Batiment B3, Bvd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France
| | - Loïc Mazzeo
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Louise Menegaut
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Lorène Josiane Lebrun
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Kévin Van Dongen
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Marion Xolin
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Chloé Buch
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Jérome Labbé
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; CHU Dijon, laboratoire de Biochimie, Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; CHU Dijon, laboratoire de Biochimie, Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France.
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Guo B, Zhuang T, Xu F, Lin X, Li F, Shan SK, Wu F, Zhong JY, Wang Y, Zheng MH, Xu QS, Ehsan UMH, Yuan LQ. New Insights Into Implications of CTRP3 in Obesity, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Cardiovascular Diseases: Potential of Therapeutic Interventions. Front Physiol 2020; 11:570270. [PMID: 33343381 PMCID: PMC7744821 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.570270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine organ, secretes many biologically active molecules circulating in the bloodstream, collectively termed adipocytokines, which not only regulate the metabolism but also play a role in pathophysiological processes. C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related protein 3 (CTRP3) is a member of C1q tumor necrosis factor-related proteins (CTRPs), which is a paralog of adiponectin. CTRP3 has a wide range of effects on glucose/lipid metabolism, inflammation, and contributes to cardiovascular protection. In this review, we comprehensively discussed the latest research on CTRP3 in obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tongtian Zhuang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuxingzi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhong
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiu-Shuang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ullah Muhammad Hasnain Ehsan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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18
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Miklisanskaya SV, Mazur NA, Solomasova LV, Chigineva VV. [The «obesity paradox» and its degree of proof]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2020; 92:84-90. [PMID: 32598704 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.04.000421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The article gives a critical assessment of the so-called obesity paradox. Methodological errors that occur in the organization of studies that studied the obesity paradox and the formation of comparison groups are highlighted. There are also examples of the disappearance of the obesity paradox when taking into account additional risk factors. The organization of prospective studies or more careful consideration of all currently known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) will significantly improve the results of the study of the effect of overweight and obesity on mortality in patients with CVD. Thus, despite the biological possibility of the existence of a positive effect of adipose tissue in CVD, the presence of a large number of errors identified in the analysis of the work of researchers obesity paradox require to reconsider the existence of this phenomenon, it should be taken into account the possibility that the obesity paradox may be a consequence of improper design studies to investigate this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N A Mazur
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | - L V Solomasova
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
| | - V V Chigineva
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education
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19
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Barale C, Russo I. Influence of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors on Platelet Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020623. [PMID: 31963572 PMCID: PMC7014042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are key players in the thrombotic processes. The alterations of platelet function due to the occurrence of metabolic disorders contribute to an increased trend to thrombus formation and arterial occlusion, thus playing a major role in the increased risk of atherothrombotic events in patients with cardiometabolic risk factors. Several lines of evidence strongly correlate metabolic disorders such as obesity, a classical condition of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose homeostasis with cardiovascular diseases. The presence of these clinical features together with hypertension and disturbed microhemorrheology are responsible for the prothrombotic tendency due, at least partially, to platelet hyperaggregability and hyperactivation. A number of clinical platelet markers are elevated in obese and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, including the mean platelet volume, circulating levels of platelet microparticles, oxidation products, platelet-derived soluble P-selectin and CD40L, thus contributing to an intersection between obesity, inflammation, and thrombosis. In subjects with insulin resistance and T2DM some defects depend on a reduced sensitivity to mediators—such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin—playing a physiological role in the control of platelet aggregability. Furthermore, other alterations occur only in relation to hyperglycemia. In this review, the main cardiometabolic risk factors, all components of metabolic syndrome involved in the prothrombotic tendency, will be taken into account considering some of the mechanisms involved in the alterations of platelet function resulting in platelet hyperactivation.
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20
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Cox B, Tsamou M, Vrijens K, Neven KY, Winckelmans E, de Kok TM, Plusquin M, Nawrot TS. A Co-expression Analysis of the Placental Transcriptome in Association With Maternal Pre-pregnancy BMI and Newborn Birth Weight. Front Genet 2019; 10:354. [PMID: 31110514 PMCID: PMC6501552 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy is known to affect both fetal growth and later-life health of the newborn, yet the implicated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. As the master regulator of the fetal environment, the placenta is a valuable resource for the investigation of processes involved in the developmental programming of metabolic health. We conducted a genome-wide placental transcriptome study aiming at the identification of functional pathways representing the molecular link between maternal BMI and fetal growth. We used RNA microarray (Agilent 8 × 60 K), medical records, and questionnaire data from 183 mother-newborn pairs from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort study (Flanders, Belgium). Using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified 17 correlated gene modules. Three of these modules were associated with both maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn birth weight. A gene cluster enriched for genes involved in immune response and myeloid cell differentiation was positively associated with maternal BMI and negatively with low birth weight. Two other gene modules, upregulated in association with maternal BMI as well as birth weight, were involved in processes related to organ and tissue development, with blood vessel morphogenesis and extracellular matrix structure as top Gene Ontology terms. In line with this, erythrocyte-, angiogenesis-, and extracellular matrix-related genes were among the identified hub genes. The association between maternal BMI and newborn weight was significantly mediated by gene expression for 5 of the hub genes (FZD4, COL15A1, GPR124, COL6A1, and COL1A1). As some of the identified hub genes have been linked to obesity in adults, our observation in placental tissue suggests that biological processes may be affected from prenatal life onwards, thereby identifying new molecular processes linking maternal BMI and fetal metabolic programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Cox
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Maria Tsamou
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Karen Vrijens
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Kristof Y Neven
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ellen Winckelmans
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Theo M de Kok
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Center for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.,Department of Public Health, Environment and Health Unit, Leuven University (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Tarantino G, Barrea L, Capone D, Citro V, Mosca T, Savastano S. Hematocrit Values Predict Carotid Intimal-Media Thickness in Obese Patients With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:203. [PMID: 29760679 PMCID: PMC5937011 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature data suggest with some criticism that full-fledged cardiovascular (CV) events (acute or chronic) are likely predicted by blood components, which are reported to be associated with the presence/severity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study was aimed at determining which marker(s) derived from blood count, such as white blood cells, neutrophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet count, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, hematocrit values were associated with ear or subclinical atherosclerosis, in obese patients of various classes suffering from NAFLD. METHODS One hundred consecutive obese patients presenting NAFLD at ultrasound, with low prevalence of co-morbidities and no history or instrumental features of CV diseases, underwent carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) assessment by Doppler ultrasonography. All of them were studied taking into account anthropometric parameters, the metabolic profile, and inflammatory markers. RESULTS White blood cells and neutrophil count showed no statistical association with IMT, which was predicted by the amount of visceral adiposity, as appreciated by ultrasonography. After adjusting for visceral adiposity and smoking status, only age and hematocrit contextually predicted early atherosclerosis, evaluated as IMT. Visceral adiposity was a confounding factor in foreseeing IMT. CONCLUSION Hematocrit values along with the patient's age suggest an initial atherosclerosis, evaluated as IMT, and if this finding is confirmed in larger cohorts, could be added to other canonical CV risk factors. Inferences can be enhanced by future prospective studies that aim to identify the relationships between incident cardio-metabolic cases and this hematologic parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giovanni Tarantino,
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Capone
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Anesthesiology and Drug-Use, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Citro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera, Salerno, Italy
| | - Teresa Mosca
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Anesthesiology and Drug-Use, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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22
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Abstract
As the largest endocrine organ, adipose tissue secretes many bioactive molecules that circulate in blood, collectively termed adipokines. Efforts to identify such metabolic regulators have led to the discovery of a family of secreted proteins, designated as C1q tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related proteins (CTRPs). The CTRP proteins, adiponectin, TNF-alpha, as well as other proteins with the distinct C1q domain are collectively grouped together as the C1q/TNF superfamily. Reflecting profound biological potency, the initial characterization of these adipose tissue-derived CTRP factors finds wide-ranging effects upon metabolism, inflammation, and survival-signaling in multiple tissue types. CTRP3 (also known as CORS26, cartducin, or cartonectin) is a unique member of this adipokine family. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the research concerning the expression, regulation, and physiological function of CTRP3. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:863-878, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Quillen College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gary L Wright
- Quillen College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan M Peterson
- Quillen College of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA.,College of Public Health, Department of Health Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
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23
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Kroenke CH, Neugebauer R, Meyerhardt J, Prado CM, Weltzien E, Kwan ML, Xiao J, Caan BJ. Analysis of Body Mass Index and Mortality in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Using Causal Diagrams. JAMA Oncol 2017; 2:1137-45. [PMID: 27196302 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Physicians and investigators have sought to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared]) and colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes, but methodologic limitations including sampling selection bias, reverse causality, and collider bias have prevented the ability to draw definitive conclusions. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of BMI at the time of, and following, colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis with mortality in a complete population using causal diagrams. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective observational study with prospectively collected data included a cohort of 3408 men and women, ages 18 to 80 years, from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population, who were diagnosed with stage I to III CRC between 2006 and 2011 and who also had surgery. EXPOSURES Body mass index at diagnosis and 15 months following diagnosis. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality compared with normal-weight patients, adjusted for sociodemographics, disease severity, treatment, and prediagnosis BMI. RESULTS This study investigated a cohort of 3408 men and women ages 18 to 80 years diagnosed with stage I to III CRC between 2006 and 2011 who also had surgery. At-diagnosis BMI was associated with all-cause mortality in a nonlinear fashion, with patients who were underweight (BMI <18.5; HR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.63-4.31) and patients who were class II or III obese (BMI ≥35; HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.89-1.98) exhibiting elevated mortality risks, compared with patients who were low-normal weight (BMI 18.5 to <23). In contrast, patients who were high-normal weight (BMI 23 to <25; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56-1.06), low-overweight (BMI 25 to <28; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.55-1.04), and high-overweight (BMI 28 to <30; HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.35-0.77) had lower mortality risks, and patients who were class I obese (BMI 30 to <35) showed no difference in risk. Spline analysis confirmed a U-shaped relationship in participants with lowest mortality at a BMI of 28. Associations with CRC-specific mortality were similar. Associations of postdiagnosis BMI and mortality were also similar, but patients who were class I obese had significantly lower all-cause and cancer-specific mortality risks. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, body mass index at the time of diagnosis and following diagnosis of CRC was associated with mortality risk. Though evidence shows that exercise in patients with cancer should be encouraged, findings suggest that recommendations for weight loss in the immediate postdiagnosis period among patients with CRC who are overweight may be unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Erin Weltzien
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Oakland, California
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Oakland, California
| | - Jingjie Xiao
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Oakland, California
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Lin CW, Hsu BRS, Tsai JS, Yang HM, Lin JR, Lin CH, Huang CH, Hung SY, Huang YY. Effect of limb preservation status and body mass index on the survival of patients with limb-threatening diabetic foot ulcers. J Diabetes Complications 2017; 31:180-185. [PMID: 27751708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the effect of limb preservation status and body mass index (BMI) on the survival of patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). METHODS A total of 1346 patients treated for limb-threatening DFUs at a major diabetic foot center in Taiwan from 2002 to 2009 were tracked until December 2012. The patients were classified into three groups: limb-preserved (n=858), minor lower-extremity amputation (LEA) (n=249), and major LEA (n=239). Clinical data during treatment were used for survival analysis. RESULTS With 729 deaths, the median survival time (MST) was 6.14 (95% CI 5.63-6.65) years. Major LEA and BMI were two independent factors associated with mortality after adjusting for age, diabetic duration, HbA1c level, comorbidities and peripheral artery diseases. The mortality hazard ratios for the minor and major LEA groups were 0.92 (95% CI 0.74-1.16) and 1.34 (95% CI 1.07-1.68), respectively, to the reference group (limb-preserved). After stratifying BMI into four categories (underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity, according to the Taiwanese definition), the MSTs for each category were 2.57, 5.24, 7.47 and 7.85years, respectively (P for trend <0.01). This "obesity paradox" was not observed in the major LEA group (P for trend 0.25). For patients with LEA, the obesity patients had lower MST than those in overweight category (7.97 and 8.84 in minor and 3.25 and 5.42 in major LEA, respectively). CONCLUSIONS For the patients treated for DFUs, major - but not minor - LEA was associated with poor survival compared with the limb-preserved group. The MST had positive correlation with BMI levels for patients with limb-preserved and minor LEA, but not for those with major LEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wei Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Brend Ray-Sea Hsu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | | | - Hui-Mei Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Jr-Rung Lin
- Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Lin
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Huei Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yuan Hung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yao Huang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Nutrition Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Obese individuals, despite having increased cardiovascular (CV) risk factors experience adverse CV outcomes less frequently than non-obese. Little is known about association of long-term weight gain to development of coronary artery disease (CAD), inflammation and thrombogenicity. 418 consecutive patients with suspected CAD undergoing elective cardiac catheterization were included in a sub-analysis of the multi analyte, thrombogenic, and genetic markers of atherosclerosis study. Maximum weight gain (MWG) was defined as percentage increase in weight since age 17 years to year of heaviest weight and categorized as: minor (<30 %), moderate (30-47 %), severe (>47-69 %), and extreme (>69 %). Lipid profiling was determined by vertical density gradient ultracentrifugation, thrombin-induced platelet fibrin clot strength (TIP-FCS) by thrombelastography, and urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (11-dhTxB2) by ELISA. CAD severity was defined as minimal (<20 %), moderate (20-75 %), and severe (>75 %) luminal diameter obstruction of any major coronary vessel. The mean MWG was 53 ± 33 %. Extreme MWG group had a higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (48 %), hypertension (81 %), depression (25 %), and were most often female (60 %) (p < 0.05 for all). In women, CAD severity was inversely associated to MWG (p = 0.05), whereas in men no such association was observed (p = 0.18). TIP-FCS increased in a stepwise fashion with MWG (p = 0.001). 11-dTxB2 levels were higher in the extreme MWG group, regardless of lipid lowering therapy (p < 0.05). Our data suggest that maximal weight gain since age 17 years is associated with heightened thrombogenicity, inflammation and a poorer lipid profile but not an increased risk for severe CAD development.
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Obesity-Related Diseases and Syndromes: Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Cardiovascular Disease, and Metabolic Syndrome. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-39409-1_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Could the thromboxane A2 pathway be a therapeutic target for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea-induced atherosclerosis? Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2015; 121:97-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Lei X, Li Q, Rodriguez S, Tan SY, Seldin MM, McLenithan JC, Jia W, Wong GW. Thromboxane synthase deficiency improves insulin action and attenuates adipose tissue fibrosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2015; 308:E792-804. [PMID: 25738781 PMCID: PMC4420899 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00383.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thromboxane A2, an arachidonic acid-derived eicosanoid generated by thromboxane synthase (TBXAS), plays critical roles in hemostasis and inflammation. However, the contribution of thromboxane A2 to obesity-linked metabolic dysfunction remains incompletely understood. Here, we used in vitro and mouse models to better define the role of TBXAS in metabolic homeostasis. We found that adipose expression of Tbxas and thromboxane A2 receptor (Tbxa2r) was significantly upregulated in genetic and dietary mouse models of obesity and diabetes. Expression of Tbxas and Tbxa2r was detected in adipose stromal cells, including macrophages. Furthermore, stimulation of macrophages with interferon-γ or resistin factors known to be upregulated in obesity induced Tbxas and Tbxa2r expression. Mice lacking Tbxas had similar weight gain, food intake, and energy expenditure. However, loss of Tbxas markedly enhanced insulin sensitivity in mice fed a low-fat diet. Improvement in glucose homeostasis was correlated with the upregulated expression of multiple secreted metabolic regulators (Ctrp3, Ctrp9, and Ctrp12) in the visceral fat depot. Following a challenge with a high-fat diet, Tbxas deficiency led to attenuated adipose tissue fibrosis and reduced circulating IL-6 levels without adipose tissue macrophages being affected; however, these changes were not sufficient to improve whole body insulin action. Together, our results highlight a novel, diet-dependent role for thromboxane A2 in modulating peripheral tissue insulin sensitivity and adipose tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lei
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China; and
| | - Susana Rodriguez
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Stefanie Y Tan
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marcus M Seldin
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - John C McLenithan
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Weiping Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China; and
| | - G William Wong
- Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
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Touchberry CD, Silswal N, Tchikrizov V, Elmore CJ, Srinivas S, Akthar AS, Swan HK, Wetmore LA, Wacker MJ. Cardiac thromboxane A2 receptor activation does not directly induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy but does cause cell death that is prevented with gentamicin and 2-APB. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2014; 15:73. [PMID: 25519194 PMCID: PMC4293009 DOI: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have previously shown that the thromboxane (TXA2) receptor agonist, U46619, can directly induce ventricular arrhythmias that were associated with increases in intracellular calcium in cardiomyocytes. Since TXA2 is an inflammatory mediator and induces direct calcium changes in cardiomyocytes, we hypothesized that TXA2 released during ischemia or inflammation could also cause cardiac remodeling. Methods U46619 (0.1-10 μM) was applied to isolated adult mouse ventricular primary cardiomyocytes, mouse ventricular cardiac muscle strips, and cultured HL-1 cardiomyocytes and markers of hypertrophy and cell death were measured. Results We found that TXA2 receptors were expressed in ventricular cardiomyocytes and were functional via calcium imaging. U46619 treatment for 24 h did not increase expression of pathological hypertrophy genes (atrial natriuretic peptide, β-myosin heavy chain, skeletal muscle α-actin) and it did not increase protein synthesis. There was also no increase in cardiomyocyte size after 48 h treatment with U46619 as measured by flow cytometry. However, U46619 (0.1-10 μM) caused a concentration-dependent increase in cardiomyocyte death (trypan blue, MTT assays, visual cell counts and TUNEL stain) after 24 h. Treatment of cells with the TXA2 receptor antagonist SQ29548 and inhibitors of the IP3 pathway, gentamicin and 2-APB, eliminated the increase in cell death induced by U46619. Conclusions Our data suggests that TXA2 does not induce cardiac hypertrophy, but does induce cell death that is mediated in part by IP3 signaling pathways. These findings may provide important therapeutic targets for inflammatory-induced cardiac apoptosis that can lead to heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael J Wacker
- Muscle Biology Group, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
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Kaplon-Cieslicka A, Postula M, Rosiak M, Peller M, Kondracka A, Serafin A, Trzepla E, Opolski G, Filipiak KJ. Younger age, higher body mass index and lower adiponectin concentration predict higher serum thromboxane B2 level in aspirin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:112. [PMID: 25123549 PMCID: PMC4149275 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence from the literature suggests diminished acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) treatment efficacy in type 2 diabetes (DM2). High on-aspirin platelet reactivity (HAPR) in DM2 has been linked to poor glycemic and lipid control. However, there are no consistent data on the association between HAPR and insulin resistance or adipose tissue metabolic activity. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between laboratory response to ASA and metabolic control, insulin resistance and adipokines in DM2. Methods A total of 186 DM2 patients treated with oral antidiabetic drugs and receiving 75 mg ASA daily were included in the analysis. Response to ASA was assessed by measuring serum thromboxane B2 (TXB2) concentration and expressed as quartiles of TXB2 level. The achievement of treatment targets in terms of glycemic and lipid control, insulin resistance parameters (including Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR, index), and serum concentrations of high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, leptin and resistin, were evaluated in all patients. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the predictive factors of serum TXB2 concentration above the upper quartile and above the median. Results Significant trends in age, body mass index (BMI), HOMA-IR, HMW adiponectin concentration, C-reactive protein concentration and the frequency of achieving target triglyceride levels were observed across increasing quartiles of TXB2. In a multivariate analysis, only younger age and higher BMI were independent predictors of TXB2 concentration above the upper quartile, while younger age and lower HMW adiponectin concentration were predictors of TXB2 concentration above the median. Conclusions These results suggest that in DM2, the most important predictor of HAPR is younger age. Younger DM2 patients may therefore require total daily ASA doses higher than 75 mg, preferably as a twice-daily regimen, to achieve full therapeutic effect. Higher BMI and lower HMW adiponectin concentration were also associated with less potent ASA effect. This is the first study to demonstrate an association of lower adiponectin concentration with higher serum TXB2 level in patients treated with ASA.
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Hayward CE, Cowley EJ, Mills TA, Sibley CP, Wareing M. Maternal obesity impairs specific regulatory pathways in human myometrial arteries. Biol Reprod 2014; 90:65. [PMID: 24478391 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.112623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obese women (body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2)) are at greater risk than normal weight women of pregnancy complications associated with maternal and infant morbidity, particularly the development of cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders in later life; why this occurs is unknown. Nonpregnant, obese individuals exhibit systemic vascular endothelial dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that obese pregnant women have altered myometrial arterial function compared to pregnant women of normal (18-24 kg/m(2)) and overweight (25-29 kg/m(2)) body mass index. Responses to vasoconstrictors, U46619 (thromboxane mimetic) and arginine vasopressin, and vasodilators, bradykinin and the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside, were assessed by wire myography in myometrial arteries from normal weight (n = 18), overweight (n = 18), and obese (n = 20) women with uncomplicated pregnancies. Thromboxane-prostanoid receptor expression was assessed using immunostaining in myometrial arteries of normal weight and obese women. Vasoconstriction and vasodilatation were impaired in myometrial arteries from obese women with otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies. Disparate agonist responses suggest that vascular function in obese women is not globally dysregulated but may be specific to thromboxane and nitric oxide pathways. Because obesity rates are escalating, it is important to identify the mechanisms underlying impaired vascular function and establish why some obese women compensate for vascular dysfunction and some do not. Future studies are needed to determine whether central adiposity results in an altered endocrine milieu that may promote vascular dysfunction by altering the function of perivascular adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina E Hayward
- Maternal and Fetal Health Research Centre, Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtech Hainer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Obesity Management Center, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Gleim S, Stitham J, Tang WH, Martin KA, Hwa J. An eicosanoid-centric view of atherothrombotic risk factors. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:3361-80. [PMID: 22491820 PMCID: PMC3691514 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-0982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the foremost cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Atherosclerosis followed by thrombosis (atherothrombosis) is the pathological process underlying most myocardial, cerebral, and peripheral vascular events. Atherothrombosis is a complex and heterogeneous inflammatory process that involves interactions between many cell types (including vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, macrophages, and platelets) and processes (including migration, proliferation, and activation). Despite a wealth of knowledge from many recent studies using knockout mouse and human genetic studies (GWAS and candidate approach) identifying genes and proteins directly involved in these processes, traditional cardiovascular risk factors (hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes mellitus, sex, and age) remain the most useful predictor of disease. Eicosanoids (20 carbon polyunsaturated fatty acid derivatives of arachidonic acid and other essential fatty acids) are emerging as important regulators of cardiovascular disease processes. Drugs indirectly modulating these signals, including COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors, have proven to play major roles in the atherothrombotic process. However, the complexity of their roles and regulation by opposing eicosanoid signaling, have contributed to the lack of therapies directed at the eicosanoid receptors themselves. This is likely to change, as our understanding of the structure, signaling, and function of the eicosanoid receptors improves. Indeed, a major advance is emerging from the characterization of dysfunctional naturally occurring mutations of the eicosanoid receptors. In light of the proven and continuing importance of risk factors, we have elected to focus on the relationship between eicosanoids and cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Gleim
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Jeremiah Stitham
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Wai Ho Tang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Kathleen A. Martin
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
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Russo I. The prothrombotic tendency in metabolic syndrome: focus on the potential mechanisms involved in impaired haemostasis and fibrinolytic balance. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:525374. [PMID: 24278711 PMCID: PMC3820496 DOI: 10.6064/2012/525374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a clinical disorder characterized by impairment of glucose metabolism, increased arterial blood pressure, and abdominal obesity. The presence of these clinical features exposes patients to a high risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular events. The pathogenesis of atherothrombosis in the metabolic syndrome is multifactorial, requiring a close relationship among the main components of the metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, alterations of glycaemic and lipid pattern, haemodynamic impairment, and early appearance of endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, haemostatic alterations involving coagulation balance, fibrinolysis, and platelet function play a relevant role both in the progression of the arterial wall damage and in acute vascular events. The mechanisms linking abdominal obesity with prothrombotic changes in the metabolic syndrome have been identified and partially elucidated on the basis of alterations of each haemostatic variable and defined through the evidence of peculiar dysfunctions in the endocrine activity of adipose tissue responsible of vascular impairment, prothrombotic tendency, and low-grade chronic inflammation. This paper will focus on the direct role of adipose tissue on prothrombotic tendency in patients affected by metabolic syndrome, with adipocytes being able to produce and/or release cytokines and adipokines which deeply influence haemostatic/fibrinolytic balance, platelet function, and proinflammatory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Russo
- Internal Medicine and Metabolic Disease Unit, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of the Turin University, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- *Isabella Russo:
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Graziani F, Cialdella P, Liuzzo G, Basile E, Brugaletta S, Pedicino D, Leccesi L, Guidone C, Iaconelli A, Mingrone G, Biasucci LM, Crea F. Cardiovascular risk in obesity: different activation of inflammation and immune system between obese and morbidly obese subjects. Eur J Intern Med 2011; 22:418-23. [PMID: 21767762 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2011.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both inflammation and immunity are involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Obesity is considered a major modifiable cardiovascular risk factor, however, the correlation between increasing degrees of obesity and cardiovascular risk is not clear yet. Aim of our study was to investigate how different degrees of obesity are associated with inflammation and immune system responses. METHODS One-hundred healthy individuals were divided into 3 groups according to body mass index (BMI): 22 overweight (OW), 26 obese (O) and 52 morbidly obese (MO). High-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP, immunonephelometry), leptin (radio-immunoassay) and CD4+CD28nullT-lymphocytes (flow-cytometry), a particular subset of T-lymphocytes with pro-atherogenic and plaque-destabilizing properties, were assessed. RESULTS hs-CRP levels were significantly higher in O vs OW (p=0.036), in MO vs OW (p<0.001) and in MO vs O (p=0.012). Similarly, leptin levels were higher in O vs OW (p=0.02), in MO vs OW (p<0.001) and in MO vs O (p<0.001). CD4+CD28nullT-lymphocytes were higher in O vs OW (p<0.001), in O vs MO (p=0.03) and in MO vs OW (p=0.01). hs-CRP and leptin levels significantly correlated each other (r=0.39; p<0.001) and with waist circumference (r=0.52; p<0.001; r=0.64; p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.60; p<0.001; r=0.74; p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that, notwithstanding higher levels of inflammation, MO are characterized by less detrimental immune activation, as shown by the reduced CD4+CD28nullT-cells expansion as compared to OW and O, which might translate in less immune vascular injury. These findings suggest that MO might represent a particular population, in which different pathophysiological mechanisms take part if compared with "classic" obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Graziani
- Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
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