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Chaignat C, Lagrost L, Moretto K, de Barros JPP, Winiszewski H, Grober J, Saas P, Piton G. Plasma citrulline concentration and plasma LPS detection among critically ill patients a prospective observational study. J Crit Care 2024; 79:154438. [PMID: 37797404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2023.154438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gut can be a source of sepsis but sepsis itself can induce gut dysfunction. We aimed to study whether plasma citrulline, a marker of enterocyte mass, was correlated with plasma lipopolysaccharide, a potential marker of bacterial translocation among critically ill patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. Plasma citrulline and plasma LPS concentration and activity were measured at ICU admission. Patients were compared according to the presence of sepsis at ICU admission. RESULTS 109 critically ill patients, with SOFA score 8 [6-12], were prospectively included. Sixty six patients (61%) had sepsis at ICU admission. There was no correlation between plasma citrulline concentration and plasma LPS concentration or activity. However, sepsis at ICU admission was associated with a lower plasma citrulline concentration (13.4 μmol.L-1 vs 21.3 μmol.L-1, p = 0.02). Plasma LPS activity was significantly higher among patients with abdominal sepsis compared to patients with extra-abdominal sepsis (1.04 EU/mL vs 0.63, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Plasma citrulline is not associated with the level of plasma LPS but is strongly decreased among septic patients. Detection of LPS is ubiquitous among critically ill patients but abdominal sepsis is associated with increased plasma LPS activity compared to extra-abdominal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Chaignat
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | | | - Karena Moretto
- Biochemistry Unit, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, LabEx LipSTIC, Dijon, France; Plateforme de Lipidomique, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Hadrien Winiszewski
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France; Equipe d'Accueil 3920, Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, LabEx LipSTIC, Dijon, France; Institut Agro Dijon, Boulevard Petit Jean, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- Etablissement Français du Sang Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Plateforme de BioMonitoring, Besançon, France; Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
| | - Gaël Piton
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Besançon University Hospital, Besançon, France; Equipe d'Accueil 3920, Université de Franche Comté, Besançon, France.
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Lebrun LJ, Dusuel A, Xolin M, Le Guern N, Grober J. Activation of TLRs Triggers GLP-1 Secretion in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5333. [PMID: 36982420 PMCID: PMC10049702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract constitutes a large interface with the inner body and is a crucial barrier against gut microbiota and other pathogens. As soon as this barrier is damaged, pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) are recognized by immune system receptors, including toll-like receptors (TLRs). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin that was originally involved in glucose metabolism and recently shown to be rapidly and strongly induced by luminal lipopolysaccharides (LPS) through TLR4 activation. In order to investigate whether the activation of TLRs other than TLR4 also increases GLP-1 secretion, we used a polymicrobial infection model through cecal ligation puncture (CLP) in wild-type and TLR4-deficient mice. TLR pathways were assessed by intraperitoneal injection of specific TLR agonists in mice. Our results show that CLP induces GLP-1 secretion both in wild-type and TLR4-deficient mice. CLP and TLR agonists increase gut and systemic inflammation. Thus, the activation of different TLRs increases GLP-1 secretion. This study highlights for the first time that, in addition to an increased inflammatory status, CLP and TLR agonists also strongly induce total GLP-1 secretion. Microbial-induced GLP-1 secretion is therefore not only a TLR4/LPS-cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorène J. Lebrun
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institut Agro Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alois Dusuel
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Marion Xolin
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Naig Le Guern
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- INSERM LNC UMR1231, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institut Agro Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
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3
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Lebrun LJ, Pallot G, Nguyen M, Tavernier A, Dusuel A, Pilot T, Deckert V, Dugail I, Le Guern N, Pais De Barros JP, Benkhaled A, Choubley H, Lagrost L, Masson D, Gautier T, Grober J. Increased Weight Gain and Insulin Resistance in HF-Fed PLTP Deficient Mice Is Related to Altered Inflammatory Response and Plasma Transport of Gut-Derived LPS. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13226. [PMID: 36362012 PMCID: PMC9654699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS, endotoxins) are found in high amounts in the gut lumen. LPS can cross the gut barrier and pass into the blood (endotoxemia), leading to low-grade inflammation, a common scheme in metabolic diseases. Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) can transfer circulating LPS to plasma lipoproteins, thereby promoting its detoxification. However, the impact of PLTP on the metabolic fate and biological effects of gut-derived LPS is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the influence of PLTP on low-grade inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance in relationship with LPS intestinal translocation and metabolic endotoxemia. Wild-type (WT) mice were compared with Pltp-deficient mice (Pltp-KO) after a 4-month high-fat (HF) diet or oral administration of labeled LPS. On a HF diet, Pltp-KO mice showed increased weight gain, adiposity, insulin resistance, lipid abnormalities and inflammation, together with a higher exposure to endotoxemia compared to WT mice. After oral administration of LPS, PLTP deficiency led to increased intestinal translocation and decreased association of LPS to lipoproteins, together with an altered catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). Our results show that PLTP, by modulating the intestinal translocation of LPS and plasma processing of TRL-bound LPS, has a major impact on low-grade inflammation and the onset of diet-induced metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorène J. Lebrun
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Gaëtan Pallot
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Maxime Nguyen
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dijon University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Annabelle Tavernier
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alois Dusuel
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Pilot
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Valérie Deckert
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Isabelle Dugail
- Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpêtrière, UMR1269, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Naig Le Guern
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais De Barros
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Lipidomic Analytic Plate-Forme, UBFC, Bâtiment B3, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Anissa Benkhaled
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Choubley
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Lipidomic Analytic Plate-Forme, UBFC, Bâtiment B3, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, François Mitterrand University Hospital, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, 21000 Dijon, France
- Institut Agro Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
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Ben Fradj S, Nédélec E, Salvi J, Fouesnard M, Huillet M, Pallot G, Cansell C, Sanchez C, Philippe C, Gigot V, Lemoine A, Trompier D, Henry T, Petrilli V, Py BF, Guillou H, Loiseau N, Ellero-Simatos S, Nahon JL, Rovère C, Grober J, Boudry G, Douard V, Benani A. Evidence for Constitutive Microbiota-Dependent Short-Term Control of Food Intake in Mice: Is There a Link with Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, Endotoxemia, and GLP-1? Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:349-369. [PMID: 35166124 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Although prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal transplantation can alter the sensation of hunger and/or feeding behavior, the role of the constitutive gut microbiota in the short-term regulation of food intake during normal physiology is still unclear. Results: An antibiotic-induced microbiota depletion study was designed to compare feeding behavior in conventional and microbiota-depleted mice. Tissues were sampled to characterize the time profile of microbiota-derived signals in mice during consumption of either standard or high-fat food for 1 h. Pharmacological and genetic tools were used to evaluate the contribution of postprandial endotoxemia and inflammatory responses in the short-term regulation of food intake. We observed constitutive microbial and macronutrient-dependent control of food intake at the time scale of a meal; that is, within 1 h of food introduction. Specifically, microbiota depletion increased food intake, and the microbiota-derived anorectic effect became significant during the consumption of high-fat but not standard food. This anorectic effect correlated with a specific postprandial microbial metabolic signature, and did not require postprandial endotoxemia or an NOD-, LRR-, and Pyrin domain-containing protein 3-inflammasome-mediated inflammatory response. Innovation and Conclusion: These findings show that the gut microbiota controls host appetite at the time scale of a meal under normal physiology. Interestingly, a microbiota-derived anorectic effect develops specifically with a high-fat meal, indicating that gut microbiota activity is involved in the satietogenic properties of foods. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 349-369.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Ben Fradj
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Emmanuelle Nédélec
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Juliette Salvi
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie Fouesnard
- Institut Micalis, INRAE (UMR1319), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.,Institut NuMeCan, INRAE (UMR1341), INSERM (UMR1241), Université de Rennes 1, St-Gilles, France
| | - Marine Huillet
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Gaëtan Pallot
- Centre de Recherche Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer, INSERM (UMR1231), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Céline Cansell
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Clara Sanchez
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Catherine Philippe
- Institut Micalis, INRAE (UMR1319), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vincent Gigot
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Aleth Lemoine
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Doriane Trompier
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Henry
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm (U1111), CNRS (UMR5308), ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Virginie Petrilli
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Inserm (U1052), CNRS (UMR5286), Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Benedicte F Py
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm (U1111), CNRS (UMR5308), ENS de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Hervé Guillou
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Loiseau
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Ellero-Simatos
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse 3, INRAE (UMR1331), ENVT, INP-Purpan, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Louis Nahon
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Carole Rovère
- IPMC, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS (UMR7275), Université Côte d'Azur, Valbonne, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- Centre de Recherche Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer, INSERM (UMR1231), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gaelle Boudry
- Institut NuMeCan, INRAE (UMR1341), INSERM (UMR1241), Université de Rennes 1, St-Gilles, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Institut Micalis, INRAE (UMR1319), AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alexandre Benani
- CSGA, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, CNRS (UMR6265), INRAE (UMR1324), Institut Agro Dijon, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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Pallot G, Nguyen M, Tavernier A, Dusuel A, Deckert V, Pilot T, Pais de Barros JP, Le Guern N, Lagrost L, Masson D, Gautier T, Grober J. Influence de la protéine plasmatique de transfert des phospholipides sur la translocation intestinale des LPS, leur prise en charge par les lipoprotéines, et leurs effets métaboliques. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2021.12.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nguyen M, Gautier T, Reocreux G, Pallot G, Maquart G, Bahr PA, Tavernier A, Grober J, Masson D, Bouhemad B, Guinot PG. Increased Phospholipid Transfer Protein Activity Is Associated With Markers of Enhanced Lipopolysaccharide Clearance in Human During Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:756269. [PMID: 34712716 PMCID: PMC8545915 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.756269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a component of gram-negative bacteria, known for its ability to trigger inflammation. The main pathway of LPS clearance is the reverse lipopolysaccharide transport (RLT), with phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) and lipoproteins playing central roles in this process in experimental animal models. To date, the relevance of this pathway has never been studied in humans. Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is known to favor LPS digestive translocation. Our objective was to determine whether pre-operative PLTP activity and triglyceride or cholesterol-rich lipoprotein concentrations were associated to LPS concentrations in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: A post-hoc analysis was conducted on plasma samples obtained from patients recruited in a randomized controlled trial.Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglyceride and PLTP activity were measured before surgery. LPS concentration was measured by mass spectrometry before surgery, at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass and 24 h after admission to the intensive care unit. Results: High PLTP activity was associated with lower LPS concentration but not with inflammation nor post-operative complications. HDLc, LDLc and total cholesterol were not associated with LPS concentration but were lower in patients developing post-operative adverse events. HDLc was negatively associated with inflammation biomarkers (CRP, PCT). Triglyceride concentrations were positively correlated with LPS concentration, PCT and were higher in patients with post-operative complications. Conclusion: Our study supports the role of PLTP in LPS elimination and the relevance of RLT in human. PLTP activity, and not cholesterol rich lipoproteins pool size seemed to be the limiting factor for RLT. PLTP activity was not directly related to post-operative inflammation and adverse events, suggesting that LPS clearance is not the main driver of inflammation in our patients. However, HDLc was associated with lower inflammation and was associated with favorable outcomes, suggesting that HDL beneficial anti-inflammatory effects could be, at least in part independent of LPS clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Guillaume Reocreux
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Pierre-Alain Bahr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | | | - Jacques Grober
- University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France.,AgroSup, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Belaid Bouhemad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Pierre-Grégoire Guinot
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Dijon University Hospital, Dijon, France.,University of Burgundy and Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,INSERM, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,FCS Bourgogne-Franche Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
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7
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Gaillard D, Masson D, Garo E, Souidi M, Pais de Barros JP, Schoonjans K, Grober J, Besnard P, Thomas C. Muricholic Acids Promote Resistance to Hypercholesterolemia in Cholesterol-Fed Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7163. [PMID: 34281217 PMCID: PMC8269105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Although resistant to hypercholesterolemia, the mouse is a prominent model in cardiovascular research. To assess the contribution of bile acids to this protective phenotype, we explored the impact of a 2-week-long dietary cholesterol overload on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in mice. METHODS Bile acid, oxysterol, and cholesterol metabolism and transport were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR, western blotting, GC-MS/MS, or enzymatic assays in the liver, the gut, the kidney, as well as in the feces, the blood, and the urine. RESULTS Plasma triglycerides and cholesterol levels were unchanged in mice fed a cholesterol-rich diet that contained 100-fold more cholesterol than the standard diet. In the liver, oxysterol-mediated LXR activation stimulated the synthesis of bile acids and in particular increased the levels of hydrophilic muricholic acids, which in turn reduced FXR signaling, as assessed in vivo with Fxr reporter mice. Consequently, biliary and basolateral excretions of bile acids and cholesterol were increased, whereas portal uptake was reduced. Furthermore, we observed a reduction in intestinal and renal bile acid absorption. CONCLUSIONS These coordinated events are mediated by increased muricholic acid levels which inhibit FXR signaling in favor of LXR and SREBP2 signaling to promote efficient fecal and urinary elimination of cholesterol and neo-synthesized bile acids. Therefore, our data suggest that enhancement of the hydrophilic bile acid pool following a cholesterol overload may contribute to the resistance to hypercholesterolemia in mice. This work paves the way for new therapeutic opportunities using hydrophilic bile acid supplementation to mitigate hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dany Gaillard
- Center for Translational Medicine, UMR1231 INSERM-uB-AgroSupDijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France; (D.G.); (D.M.); (J.-P.P.d.B.); (J.G.)
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, and The Rocky Mountain Taste & Smell Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - David Masson
- Center for Translational Medicine, UMR1231 INSERM-uB-AgroSupDijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France; (D.G.); (D.M.); (J.-P.P.d.B.); (J.G.)
- LipSTIC LabEx, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France
- Biochemistry Department, University Hospital François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Erwan Garo
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 7104, INSERM U 1258, 67400 Illkirch, France;
| | - Maamar Souidi
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France;
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- Center for Translational Medicine, UMR1231 INSERM-uB-AgroSupDijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France; (D.G.); (D.M.); (J.-P.P.d.B.); (J.G.)
- LipSTIC LabEx, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France
- Lipidomic Facility, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21078 Dijon, France
| | - Kristina Schoonjans
- Institute of Bioengineering, Life Science Faculty, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Jacques Grober
- Center for Translational Medicine, UMR1231 INSERM-uB-AgroSupDijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France; (D.G.); (D.M.); (J.-P.P.d.B.); (J.G.)
- LipSTIC LabEx, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Besnard
- Center for Translational Medicine, UMR1231 INSERM-uB-AgroSupDijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France; (D.G.); (D.M.); (J.-P.P.d.B.); (J.G.)
- LipSTIC LabEx, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France
- Physiologie de la Nutrition, AgroSup Dijon, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Charles Thomas
- Center for Translational Medicine, UMR1231 INSERM-uB-AgroSupDijon, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France; (D.G.); (D.M.); (J.-P.P.d.B.); (J.G.)
- LipSTIC LabEx, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), 21000 Dijon, France
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8
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Dias AMM, Douhard R, Hermetet F, Regimbeau M, Lopez TE, Gonzalez D, Masson S, Marcion G, Chaumonnot K, Uyanik B, Causse SZ, Rieu A, Hadi T, Basset C, Chluba J, Grober J, Guzzo J, Neiers F, Ortega-Deballon P, Demidov ON, Lirussi F, Garrido C. Lactobacillus stress protein GroEL prevents colonic inflammation. J Gastroenterol 2021; 56:442-455. [PMID: 33782752 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-021-01774-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously showed that supernatants of Lactobacillus biofilms induced an anti-inflammatory response by affecting the secretion of macrophage-derived cytokines, which was abrogated upon immunodepletion of the stress protein GroEL. METHODS We purified GroEL from L. reuteri and analysed its anti-inflammatory properties in vitro in human macrophages isolated from buffy coats, ex vivo in explants from human biopsies and in vivo in a mouse model of DSS induced intestinal inflammation. As a control, we used GroEL purified (LPS-free) from E. coli. RESULTS We found that L. reuteri GroEL (but not E. coli GroEL) inhibited pro-inflammatory M1-like macrophages markers, and favored M2-like markers. Consequently, L. reuteri GroEL inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IFNγ) while favouring an anti-inflammatory secretome. In colon tissues from human biopsies, L. reuteri GroEL was also able to decrease markers of inflammation and apoptosis (caspase 3) induced by LPS. In mice, we found that rectal administration of L. reuteri GroEL (but not E. coli GroEL) inhibited all signs of haemorrhagic colitis induced by DSS including intestinal mucosa degradation, rectal bleeding and weight loss. It also decreased intestinal production of inflammatory cytokines (such as IFNγ) while increasing anti-inflammatory IL-10 and IL-13. These effects were suppressed when animals were immunodepleted in macrophages. From a mechanistic point of view, the effect of L. reuteri GroEL seemed to involve TLR4, since it was lost in TRL4-/- mice, and the activation of a non-canonical TLR4 pathway. CONCLUSIONS L. reuteri GroEL, by affecting macrophage inflammatory features, deserves to be explored as an alternative to probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre M M Dias
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Romain Douhard
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - François Hermetet
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mathilde Regimbeau
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Tatiana E Lopez
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Daniel Gonzalez
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Masson
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Guillaume Marcion
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Killian Chaumonnot
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Burhan Uyanik
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sébastien Z Causse
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Tarik Hadi
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Christelle Basset
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Johanna Chluba
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Fabrice Neiers
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, INRA, CNRS, Dijon, France
| | - Pablo Ortega-Deballon
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon, France
| | - Oleg N Demidov
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Institute of Cytology, RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Frédéric Lirussi
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Dijon, France
| | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Laboratoire d'Excellence LipSTIC and « Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer », 7 boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079, Dijon, France.
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
- Anticancer Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CGFL), Dijon, France.
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9
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Bourgeois T, Jalil A, Thomas C, Magnani C, Le Guern N, Gautier T, Pais de Barros JP, Bergas V, Choubley H, Mazzeo L, Menegaut L, Josiane Lebrun L, Van Dongen K, Xolin M, Jourdan T, Buch C, Labbé J, Saas P, Lagrost L, Masson D, Grober J. Deletion of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 in myeloid cells worsens hepatic steatosis after a high-fat diet. J Lipid Res 2020; 62:100013. [PMID: 33518513 PMCID: PMC7859853 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have highlighted an important role for lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (LPCAT3) in controlling the PUFA composition of cell membranes in the liver and intestine. In these organs, LPCAT3 critically supports cell-membrane-associated processes such as lipid absorption or lipoprotein secretion. However, the role of LPCAT3 in macrophages remains controversial. Here, we investigated LPCAT3's role in macrophages both in vitro and in vivo in mice with atherosclerosis and obesity. To accomplish this, we used the LysMCre strategy to develop a mouse model with conditional Lpcat3 deficiency in myeloid cells (Lpcat3KOMac). We observed that partial Lpcat3 deficiency (approximately 75% reduction) in macrophages alters the PUFA composition of all phospholipid (PL) subclasses, including phosphatidylinositols and phosphatidylserines. A reduced incorporation of C20 PUFAs (mainly arachidonic acid [AA]) into PLs was associated with a redistribution of these FAs toward other cellular lipids such as cholesteryl esters. Lpcat3 deficiency had no obvious impact on macrophage inflammatory response or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; however, Lpcat3KOMac macrophages exhibited a reduction in cholesterol efflux in vitro. In vivo, myeloid Lpcat3 deficiency did not affect atherosclerosis development in LDL receptor deficient mouse (Ldlr-/-) mice. Lpcat3KOMac mice on a high-fat diet displayed a mild increase in hepatic steatosis associated with alterations in several liver metabolic pathways and in liver eicosanoid composition. We conclude that alterations in AA metabolism along with myeloid Lpcat3 deficiency may secondarily affect AA homeostasis in the whole liver, leading to metabolic disorders and triglyceride accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Bourgeois
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Antoine Jalil
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Charles Thomas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Charlène Magnani
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Naig Le Guern
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Lipidomic analytic plate-forme, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Batiment B3, Bvd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France
| | - Victoria Bergas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Lipidomic analytic plate-forme, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Batiment B3, Bvd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Choubley
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; Lipidomic analytic plate-forme, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Batiment B3, Bvd Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, Dijon, France
| | - Loïc Mazzeo
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Louise Menegaut
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Lorène Josiane Lebrun
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Kévin Van Dongen
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Marion Xolin
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Chloé Buch
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Jérome Labbé
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Saas
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, INSERM, EFS BFC, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte Greffon-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et Génique, LabEx LipSTIC, Besançon, France
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; CHU Dijon, laboratoire de Biochimie, Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; CHU Dijon, laboratoire de Biochimie, Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR12131, Dijon, France; INSERM, LNC UMR 1231, Dijon, France; FCS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France; AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France.
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10
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Dusuel A, Deckert V, Pais de Barros JP, van Dongen K, Choubley H, Charron É, Le Guern N, Labbé J, Mandard S, Grober J, Lagrost L, Gautier T. Human cholesteryl ester transfer protein lacks lipopolysaccharide transfer activity, but worsens inflammation and sepsis outcomes in mice. J Lipid Res 2020; 62:100011. [PMID: 33500240 PMCID: PMC7859855 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs or endotoxins) can bind most proteins of the lipid transfer/LPS-binding protein (LT/LBP) family in host organisms. The LPS-bound LT/LBP proteins then trigger either an LPS-induced proinflammatory cascade or LPS binding to lipoproteins that are involved in endotoxin inactivation and detoxification. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is an LT/LBP member, but its impact on LPS metabolism and sepsis outcome is unclear. Here, we performed fluorescent LPS transfer assays to assess the ability of CETP to bind and transfer LPS. The effects of intravenous (iv) infusion of purified LPS or polymicrobial infection (cecal ligation and puncture [CLP]) were compared in transgenic mice expressing human CETP and wild-type mice naturally having no CETP activity. CETP displayed no LPS transfer activity in vitro, but it tended to reduce biliary excretion of LPS in vivo. The CETP expression in mice was associated with significantly lower basal plasma lipid levels and with higher mortality rates in both models of endotoxemia and sepsis. Furthermore, CETPTg plasma modified cytokine production of macrophages in vitro. In conclusion, despite having no direct LPS binding and transfer property, human CETP worsens sepsis outcomes in mice by altering the protective effects of plasma lipoproteins against endotoxemia, inflammation, and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aloïs Dusuel
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Valérie Deckert
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Kevin van Dongen
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Hélène Choubley
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Émilie Charron
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Naig Le Guern
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Labbé
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphane Mandard
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France; University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- INSERM/University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231 and LipSTIC LabEx, UFR Sciences de Santé, Dijon, France.
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11
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Benlebna M, Balas L, Bonafos B, Pessemesse L, Fouret G, Vigor C, Gaillet S, Grober J, Bernex F, Landrier JF, Kuda O, Durand T, Coudray C, Casas F, Feillet-Coudray C. Long-term intake of 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA modulates favorably the basal metabolism and exerts an insulin sensitizing effect in obesogenic diet-fed mice. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:2013-2027. [PMID: 32989473 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a large family of endogenous bioactive lipids. To date, most of the studied FAHFAs are branched regioisomers of Palmitic Acid Hydroxyl Stearic Acid (PAHSA) that were reported to possess anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activity in humans and rodents. Recently, we have demonstrated that 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA intake increased basal metabolism and enhanced insulin sensitivity in healthy control diet-fed mice but induced liver damage in some mice. The present work aims to explore whether a long-term intake of 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA may have similar effects in obesogenic diet-fed mice. METHODS C57Bl6 mice were fed with a control or high fat-high sugar (HFHS) diets for 12 weeks. The HFHS diet was supplemented or not with 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA. Whole-body metabolism was explored. Glucose and lipid metabolism as well as mitochondrial activity and oxidative stress status were analyzed. RESULTS As expected, the intake of HFHS diet led to obesity and lower insulin sensitivity with minor effects on liver parameters. The long-term intake of 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA modulated favorably the basal metabolism and improved insulin sensitivity as measured by insulin tolerance test. On the contrary to what we have reported previously in healthy mice, no marked effect for these FAHFAs was observed on liver metabolism of obese diabetic mice. CONCLUSION This study indicates that both 9-PAHPA and 9-OAHPA may have interesting insulin-sensitizing effects in obese mice with lower insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence Balas
- Institut Des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | | | - Claire Vigor
- Institut Des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Jacques Grober
- LNC UMR1231, INSERM, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Agrosup Dijon, LipSTIC LabEx, Dijon, France
| | - Florence Bernex
- INSERM, U1194, Network of Experimental Histology, BioCampus, CNRS, UMS3426, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Ondrej Kuda
- Department of Metabolism of Bioactive Lipids, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut Des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
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12
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Nguyen M, Tavernier A, Gautier T, Aho S, Morgant MC, Bouhemad B, Guinot PG, Grober J. Glucagon-like peptide-1 is associated with poor clinical outcome, lipopolysaccharide translocation and inflammation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Cytokine 2020; 133:155182. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Benlebna M, Balas L, Bonafos B, Pessemesse L, Vigor C, Grober J, Bernex F, Fouret G, Paluchova V, Gaillet S, Landrier JF, Kuda O, Durand T, Coudray C, Casas F, Feillet-Coudray C. Long-term high intake of 9-PAHPA or 9-OAHPA increases basal metabolism and insulin sensitivity but disrupts liver homeostasis in healthy mice. J Nutr Biochem 2020; 79:108361. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Deckert V, Lemaire S, Ripoll PJ, de Barros JPP, Labbé J, Borgne CCL, Turquois V, Maquart G, Larose D, Desroche N, Ménétrier F, Le Guern N, Lebrun LJ, Desrumaux C, Gautier T, Grober J, Thomas C, Masson D, Houdebine LM, Lagrost L. Recombinant human plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) to prevent bacterial growth and to treat sepsis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3053. [PMID: 28596518 PMCID: PMC5465182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03285-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) has been mainly studied in the context of atherosclerosis, it shares homology with proteins involved in innate immunity. Here, we produced active recombinant human PLTP (rhPLTP) in the milk of new lines of transgenic rabbits. We successfully used rhPLTP as an exogenous therapeutic protein to treat endotoxemia and sepsis. In mouse models with injections of purified lipopolysaccharides or with polymicrobial infection, we demonstrated that rhPLTP prevented bacterial growth and detoxified LPS. In further support of the antimicrobial effect of PLTP, PLTP-knocked out mice were found to be less able than wild-type mice to fight against sepsis. To our knowledge, the production of rhPLTP to counter infection and to reduce endotoxemia and its harmful consequences is reported here for the first time. This paves the way for a novel strategy to satisfy long-felt, but unmet needs to prevent and treat sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Deckert
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Stéphanie Lemaire
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jérôme Labbé
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Guillaume Maquart
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Franck Ménétrier
- CNRS UMR6265, INRA UMR1324, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Naig Le Guern
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Lorène J Lebrun
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,INSERM U1198, University Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Gautier
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Grober
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Charles Thomas
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - David Masson
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France.,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France.,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | | | - Laurent Lagrost
- INSERM LNC, UMR1231, Dijon, France. .,University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, LNC UMR1231, Dijon, France. .,LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France. .,University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France.
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15
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Lebrun L, Nguyen A, mandard S, Dray C, deckert V, Valet P, Besnard P, Drucker D, Lagrost L, Grober J. P216: Augmentation par les Lipopolysaccharides de la sécrétion d’insuline stimulée par le glucose : implication de la voie du Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1). NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70858-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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16
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Nguyen AT, Mandard S, Dray C, Deckert V, Valet P, Besnard P, Drucker DJ, Lagrost L, Grober J. Lipopolysaccharides-mediated increase in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion: involvement of the GLP-1 pathway. Diabetes 2014; 63:471-82. [PMID: 24186868 DOI: 10.2337/db13-0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria trigger inflammation, which is associated with marked changes in glucose metabolism. Hyperglycemia is frequently observed during bacterial infection and it is a marker of a poor clinical outcome in critically ill patients. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of an acute injection or continuous infusion of LPS on experimentally induced hyperglycemia in wild-type and genetically engineered mice. The acute injection of a single dose of LPS produced an increase in glucose disposal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). Continuous infusion of LPS through mini-osmotic pumps was also associated with increased GSIS. Finally, manipulation of LPS detoxification by knocking out the plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) led to increased glucose disposal and GSIS. Overall, glucose tolerance and GSIS tests supported the hypothesis that mice treated with LPS develop glucose-induced hyperinsulinemia. The effects of LPS on glucose metabolism were significantly altered as a result of either the accumulation or antagonism of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1). Complementary studies in wild-type and GLP-1 receptor knockout mice further implicated the GLP-1 receptor-dependent pathway in mediating the LPS-mediated changes in glucose metabolism. Hence, enhanced GLP-1 secretion and action underlies the development of glucose-mediated hyperinsulinemia associated with endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thoai Nguyen
- INSERM UMR866-LabEx LipSTIC, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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17
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Gautier T, de Haan W, Grober J, Ye D, Bahr MJ, Claudel T, Nijstad N, Van Berkel TJC, Havekes LM, Manns MP, Willems SM, Hogendoorn PCW, Lagrost L, Kuipers F, Van Eck M, Rensen PCN, Tietge UJF. Farnesoid X receptor activation increases cholesteryl ester transfer protein expression in humans and transgenic mice. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:2195-2205. [PMID: 23620138 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m038141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity results in a proatherogenic lipoprotein profile. In cholestatic conditions, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) signaling by bile acids (BA) is activated and plasma HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are low. This study tested the hypothesis that FXR-mediated induction of CETP contributes to this phenotype. Patients with cholestasis and high plasma BA had lower HDL-C levels and higher plasma CETP activity and mass compared with matched controls with low plasma BA (each P < 0.01). BA feeding in APOE3*Leiden transgenic mice expressing the human CETP transgene controlled by its endogenous promoter increased cholesterol within apoB-containing lipoproteins and decreased HDL-C (each P < 0.01), while hepatic CETP mRNA expression and plasma CETP activity and mass increased (each P < 0.01). In vitro studies confirmed that FXR agonists substantially augmented CETP mRNA expression in hepatocytes and macrophages dependent on functional FXR expression (each P < 0.001). These transcriptional effects are likely mediated by an ER8 FXR response element (FXRE) in the first intron. In conclusion, using a translational approach, this study identifies CETP as novel FXR target gene. By increasing CETP expression, FXR activation leads to a proatherogenic lipoprotein profile. These results have clinical relevance, especially when considering FXR agonists as emerging treatment strategy for metabolic disease and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gautier
- Department of Pediatrics and University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer - Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne - INSERM UMR866, Dijon, France
| | - Willeke de Haan
- Department of Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Grober
- Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer - Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne - INSERM UMR866, Dijon, France
| | - Dan Ye
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias J Bahr
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Thierry Claudel
- Department of Pediatrics and University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Niels Nijstad
- Department of Pediatrics and University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J C Van Berkel
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Louis M Havekes
- Department of Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and
| | - Stefan M Willems
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Laurent Lagrost
- Lipides, Nutrition, Cancer - Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne - INSERM UMR866, Dijon, France
| | - Folkert Kuipers
- Department of Pediatrics and University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda Van Eck
- Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick C N Rensen
- Department of Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases and Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe J F Tietge
- Department of Pediatrics and University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Sberna AL, Assem M, Xiao R, Ayers S, Gautier T, Guiu B, Deckert V, Chevriaux A, Grober J, Le Guern N, Pais de Barros JP, Moore DD, Lagrost L, Masson D. Constitutive androstane receptor activation decreases plasma apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:2232-9. [PMID: 21778422 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.222497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to determine the impact of the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) on lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) and apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice fed a Western-type diet were treated weekly with the Car agonist 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene (TCPOBOP) or the vehicle only for 8 weeks. In Ldlr(-/-) mice, treatment with TCPOBOP induced a decrease in plasma triglyceride and intermediate-density lipoprotein/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (≈30% decrease in both cases after 2 months, P<0.01). These mice also showed a significant reduction in the production of very-low-density lipoproteins associated with a decrease in hepatic triglyceride content and the repression of several genes involved in lipogenesis. TCPOBOP treatment also induced a marked increase in the very-low-density lipoprotein receptor in the liver, which probably contributed to the decrease in intermediate-density lipoprotein/low-density lipoprotein levels. Atherosclerotic lesions in the aortic valves of TCPOBOP-treated Ldlr(-/-) mice were also reduced (-60%, P<0.001). In ApoE(-/-) mice, which lack the physiological apoE ligand for the very-low-density lipoprotein receptor, the effect of TCPOBOP on plasma cholesterol levels and the development of atherosclerotic lesions was markedly attenuated. CONCLUSIONS CAR is a potential target in the prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Sberna
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U, Faculté de Médecine, Dijon, France
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19
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Sberna AL, Assem M, Gautier T, Grober J, Guiu B, Jeannin A, Pais de Barros JP, Athias A, Lagrost L, Masson D. Constitutive androstane receptor activation stimulates faecal bile acid excretion and reverse cholesterol transport in mice. J Hepatol 2011; 55:154-61. [PMID: 21145854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 09/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a nuclear receptor expressed in the liver and involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess whether pharmacological CAR activation could affect neutral sterol and bile acid elimination under conditions of cholesterol overload. METHODS Wild type, Car-/-, ApoE-/-, and low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr)-/- mice fed a western-type diet were treated with the CAR agonist TCPOBOP. RESULTS CAR activation was associated with a decrease in faecal cholesterol output related to the repression of the Abcg5/g8 cholesterol transporters. In contrast, TCPOBOP treatment induced a marked increase (up to three fold, p<0.01) in the elimination of faecal bile acids. In the liver, it was related to the coordinated induction of genes involved in synthesis, sulfo-conjugation, and excretion of bile acids as well as the repression of the ileal apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. Importantly, cholesterol accumulation was reduced in the liver of TCPOBOP-treated animals. In all cases, TCPOBOP had no effect in Car-/- mice. To determine directly whether CAR activation could affect the elimination of endogenous cholesterol, kinetic studies were performed with high-density lipoproteins (HDL) labelled with (3)H-cholesteryl esters. We observed that TCPOBOP-treated mice excreted more HDL cholesterol-derived bile acids in their faeces. Finally, long-term CAR activation was associated with decreases in cholesterol content of the whole body and atherosclerosis susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS CAR is involved in the control of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis, increasing reverse cholesterol transport under hyperlipidemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Laure Sberna
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Santé-STIC, Université de Bourgogne-BP87900, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France
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20
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Masson D, Deckert V, Gautier T, Klein A, Desrumaux C, Viglietta C, Pais de Barros JP, Le Guern N, Grober J, Labbé J, Ménétrier F, Ripoll PJ, Leroux-Coyau M, Jolivet G, Houdebine LM, Lagrost L. Worsening of diet-induced atherosclerosis in a new model of transgenic rabbit expressing the human plasma phospholipid transfer protein. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:766-74. [PMID: 21252068 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.215756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is involved in intravascular lipoprotein metabolism. PLTP is known to act through 2 main mechanisms: by remodeling high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and by increasing apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins. The aim of this study was to generate a new model of human PLTP transgenic (HuPLTPTg) rabbit and to determine whether PLTP expression modulates atherosclerosis in this species that, unlike humans and mice, displays naturally very low PLTP activity. METHODS AND RESULTS In HuPLTPTg rabbits, the human PLTP cDNA was placed under the control of the human eF1-α gene promoter, resulting in a widespread tissue expression pattern and in increased plasma PLTP. The HuPLTPTg rabbits showed a significant increase in the cholesterol content of the plasma apoB-containing lipoprotein fractions, with a more severe trait when animals were fed a cholesterol-rich diet. In contrast, HDL cholesterol level was not modified in HuPLTPTg rabbits. Formation of aortic fatty streaks was increased in hypercholesterolemic HuPLTPTg animals as compared with nontransgenic littermates. CONCLUSIONS Human PLTP expression in HuPLTPTg rabbit worsens atherosclerosis as a result of increased levels of atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins but not of alterations in their antioxidative protection or in cholesterol content of plasma HDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Masson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Bourgogne, UMR866, Dijon, France
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Lakomy D, Rébé C, Sberna AL, Masson D, Gautier T, Chevriaux A, Raveneau M, Ogier N, Nguyen AT, Gambert P, Grober J, Bonnotte B, Solary E, Lagrost L. Liver X receptor-mediated induction of cholesteryl ester transfer protein expression is selectively impaired in inflammatory macrophages. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:1923-9. [PMID: 19679828 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.193201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a target gene for the liver X receptor (LXR). The aim of this study was to further explore this regulation in the monocyte-macrophage lineage and its modulation by lipid loading and inflammation, which are key steps in the process of atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Exposure of bone marrow-derived macrophages from human CETP transgenic mice to the T0901317 LXR agonist increased CETP, PLTP, and ABCA1 mRNA levels. T0901317 also markedly increased CETP mRNA levels and CETP production in human differentiated macrophages, whereas it had no effect on CETP expression in human peripheral blood monocytes. In inflammatory mouse and human macrophages, LXR-mediated CETP gene upregulation was inhibited, even though ABCA1, ABCG1, and SREBP1c inductions were maintained. The inhibition of CETP gene response to LXR agonists in inflammatory cells was independent of lipid loading (ie, oxidized LDL increased CETP production in noninflammatory macrophages with a synergistic effect of synthetic LXR agonists). CONCLUSIONS LXR-mediated induction of human CETP expression is switched on during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation, is magnified by lipid loading, and is selectively lost in inflammatory macrophages, which suggests that inflammatory cells may not increase the circulating CETP pool on LXR agonist treatment.
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23
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Laurell H, Grober J, Lacombe T, Dauzats M, Holm C, Langin D. P-90: Exon skipping leads to a catalytically inactive form of hormone-sensitive lipase in human adipose tissue. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Masson D, Qatanani M, Sberna AL, Xiao R, Pais de Barros JP, Grober J, Deckert V, Athias A, Gambert P, Lagrost L, Moore DD, Assem M. Activation of the constitutive androstane receptor decreases HDL in wild-type and human apoA-I transgenic mice. J Lipid Res 2008; 49:1682-91. [DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m700374-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Yount S, Sorensen MV, Cella D, Sengupta N, Grober J, Chartash EK. Adalimumab plus methotrexate or standard therapy is more effective than methotrexate or standard therapies alone in the treatment of fatigue in patients with active, inadequately treated rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2007; 25:838-846. [PMID: 18173917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fatigue is an important systemic symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but has rarely been evaluated consistently after initiation of treatment in RA patients. This study examined the effects of adalimumab (HUMIRA, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA), a fully human, anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) monoclonal antibody, on reducing fatigue in patients with RA. METHODS A total of 1526 patients with RA were enrolled in 3 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials of adalimumab versus placebo plus methotrexate (MTX) or placebo plus standard antirheumatic therapies. Fatigue was assessed with the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) fatigue scale questionnaire (which has been validated in RA) at baseline, mid-study, and at the end of the study. Logistic regression models were constructed using baseline demographic variables to test for treatment effect. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the robustness of the data. RESULTS At baseline in the 3 trials, patients' fatigue ranged from 27.9-29.7, representing considerable fatigue on the FACIT fatigue scale. Fatigue was significantly and consistently reduced in adalimumab-treated patients in the 3 clinical trials. Relative to placebo plus MTX, the adalimumab 40-mg-every-other-week dosage group reported statistically significantly less fatigue at all time points post-baseline. Improvements between adalimumab and placebo ranged from 3-7 points across all 3 trials, with a 3-4-point change representing a minimum clinically important difference. CONCLUSION Adalimumab treatment was shown to significantly reduce fatigue in patients with moderate to severe RA. Changes in fatigue in all 3 trials were found to be clinically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yount
- The Center on Outcomes, Research and Education, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.
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Zeller M, Masson D, Farnier M, Lorgis L, Deckert V, Pais de Barros JP, Desrumaux C, Sicard P, Grober J, Blache D, Gambert P, Rochette L, Cottin Y, Lagrost L. High Serum Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Rates and Small High-Density Lipoproteins Are Associated With Young Age in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 50:1948-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2007] [Revised: 06/08/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Thomas C, Landrier JF, Gaillard D, Grober J, Monnot MC, Athias A, Besnard P. Cholesterol dependent downregulation of mouse and human apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) gene expression: molecular mechanism and physiological consequences. Gut 2006; 55:1321-31. [PMID: 16484503 PMCID: PMC1860007 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2005.085555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Faecal bile acid elimination greatly contributes to cholesterol homeostasis. Synthesised from cholesterol in the liver, bile acids are actively reclaimed in the ileum by the apical sodium dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT). Although the expression level of ASBT affects body cholesterol balance, the impact of cholesterol on ASBT gene expression remains unclear. In this study, the effect of cholesterol on ASBT expression and ileal bile acid uptake was explored in vivo and in vitro. METHODS ASBT gene expression was assessed by real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and northern or western blotting, or both, in mice subjected to a 2% cholesterol diet for two weeks, in mouse ileal explants, or in human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cells cultured in sterol enriched or depleted media. Bile acid uptake was determined by measuring [3H]-taurocholic acid influx into in situ isolated ileal loops from mice or into differentiated Caco-2 cells. Molecular analysis of mouse and human ASBT promoters was undertaken with reporter assays, site directed mutagenesis, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. RESULTS In mice, cholesterol enriched diet triggered a downregulation of ASBT expression (mRNA and protein), a fall in ileal bile acid uptake, and a rise in the faecal excretion of bile acids. This effect was direct as it was reproduced ex vivo using mouse ileal explants and in vitro in differentiated Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS This regulation, which involves an original partnership between SREBP-2 and HNF-1alpha transcription factors, affects ileal bile acid recycling and thus might participate in the maintenance of body cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Thomas
- Physiologie de la Nutrition, ENSBANA, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
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Landrier JF, Thomas C, Grober J, Zaghini I, Petit V, Poirier H, Niot I, Besnard P. The gene encoding the human ileal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2005; 1735:41-9. [PMID: 15936983 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2005.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Revised: 04/11/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activator receptors (PPAR) are involved in cholesterol homeostasis through the regulation of bile acids synthesis, composition, and reclamation. As ileal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is thought to play a crucial role in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, we investigated whether I-BABP gene expression could also be affected by PPAR. Indeed, treatment with the PPARalpha-PPARbeta/delta agonist bezafibrate led to the up-regulation of I-BABP mRNA levels in the human intestine-derived Caco-2 cells. Cotransfections of the reporter-linked human I-BABP promoter (hI-BABP-2769/+44) together with PPAR and RXR expression vectors demonstrated that the fibrate-mediated induction of the I-BABP gene is dependent on PPARalpha or PPARbeta/delta. Using progressive 5' deletions of the hI-BABP promoter and sequence analysis, we identified a putative PPAR-binding site located at the position -198 and -186 upstream of the transcription initiation site. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that the PPAR/RXR heterodimer can specifically bind to this PPRE-like motif. The deletion of the PPRE within the hI-BABP promoter abolished the PPAR-mediated transactivation in transient transfection assays. The regulation of the I-BABP promoter by PPAR appears species-specific, as the mouse I-BABP promoter, which lacks a conserved PPRE, was not responsive to exogenous PPAR expression in the presence of bezafibrate. Our findings show that the I-BABP gene may be a novel target for PPAR in humans and further emphasize the role for PPAR in the control of bile acid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Landrier
- Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, UMR 5170 CESG CNRS/INRA/Université de Bourgogne, 1 Esplanade Erasme F-21000, Dijon, France
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Abstract
In the body, cholesterol balance results from an equilibrium between supplies (diet and cellular de novo synthesis), and losses (cellular use and elimination in feces, essentially as bile acids). Bile acids are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver. After conjugation to glycine or taurine, bile acids are secreted with bile in the intestinal lumen where they actively participate to the digestion and absorption of dietary fat and lipid-soluble vitamins. In healthy subjects, more than 95% of bile acids are reabsorbed throughout the small intestine and returned by the portal vein to the liver, where they are secreted again into bile. This enterohepatic circulation is essential for maintenance of bile acids balance, and hence, for cholesterol homeostasis. Indeed, the bile acids not reclaimed by intestinal absorption constitute the main physiological way to eliminate a cholesterol excess. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling bile acids reabsorption by the small intestine. The intestinal bile acids uptake mainly takes place through an active transport located in the distal part of the small intestine. To date, four unrelated proteins exhibiting a high affinity for bile acids have been identified in the ileum, and only one, the ileal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is a soluble protein. Therefore, it is thought to be essential for efficient bile acids desorption from the apical plasma membrane, as well as for bile acids intracellular trafficking and targeting towards the basolateral membrane. If this assumption is correct, the I-BABP expression level might be rate limiting for the enterohepatic bile acids circulation, and hence, for cholesterol homeostasis. It was found that both bile acids and cholesterol, probably via oxysterols, are able to up-regulate the transcription rate of I-BABP gene. The fact that intracellular sterol sensors (FXR, LXR, and SREBP1c) are involved in the control of the I-BABP gene expression strongly suggests that I-BABP exerts an important role in maintenance of cholesterol balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Besnard
- Laboratoire de physiologie de la nutrition, Ecole nationale supérieure de biologie appliquée à la nutrition et à l'alimentation (ENSBANA), UMR 5170-CESG Cnrs/INRA/Université de Bourgogne, 1, esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France.
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Meurer A, Grober J, Betz U, Decking J, Rompe JD. Die BWS-Beweglichkeit von Impingementpatienten im Vergleich zu Gesunden - eine inklinometrische Studie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 142:415-20. [PMID: 15346302 DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-822821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to analyse the relation between the mobility of the thoracic spine and an impingement syndrome of the shoulder. METHOD In a prospective study, 50 patients with an impingement syndrome and 50 healthy test subjects were examined for the mobility of their thoracic spines. All patients and test subjects were examined according to a standardized protocol. The experiments were carried out in the biomechanical laboratory of our clinic with the Plurimetercompass and the Inclinometer of Rippstein. RESULTS In 23 patients a tendinosis calcarea was diagnosed radiologically, 27 patients suffered from a plain impingement without calcification, hence both groups were analyzed separately. The mobility of the thoracic spine in the sagittal and frontal planes and in rotation was significantly different between the three groups. The highest mobility was found in the healthy test subjects, the lowest in patients with a plain impingement. No differences were found concerning the initial posture of the thoracic spine. CONCLUSION There is a relation between mobility of the thoracic spine and an impingement syndrome. This should be respected in diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meurer
- Orthopädische Klinik und Poliklinik der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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31
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Landrier JF, Thomas C, Grober J, Duez H, Percevault F, Souidi M, Linard C, Staels B, Besnard P. Statin induction of liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) gene expression is peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha-dependent. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:45512-8. [PMID: 15337740 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m407461200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are drugs widely used in humans to treat hypercholesterolemia. Statins act by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis resulting in the activation of the transcription factor sterol-responsive element-binding protein-2 that controls the expression of genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Statin therapy also decreases plasma triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid levels, but the mechanism behind this effect remains more elusive. Liver fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) plays a role in the influx of long-chain fatty acids into hepatocytes. Here we show that L-FABP is a target for statins. In rat hepatocytes, simvastatin treatment induced L-FABP mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, L-FABP promoter activity was induced by statin treatment. Progressive 5'-deletion analysis revealed that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-responsive element located at position -67/-55 was responsible for the statin-mediated transactivation of the rat L-FABP promoter. Moreover, treatment with simvastatin and the PPARalpha agonist Wy14,649 resulted in a synergistic induction of L-FABP expression (mRNA and protein) in rat Fao hepatoma cells. This effect was also observed in vivo in wild-type mice but not in PPARalpha-null animals demonstrating the direct implication of PPARalpha in L-FABP regulation by statin treatment. Statin treatment resulted in a rise in PPARalpha mRNA levels both in vitro and in vivo and activated the mouse PPARalpha promoter in a reporter assay. Altogether, these data demonstrate that L-FABP expression is up-regulated by statins through a mechanism involving PPARalpha. Moreover, PPARalpha might be a statin target gene. These effects might contribute to the triglyceride/non-esterified fatty acid-lowering properties of statins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Landrier
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, UMR 5170 Centre Europeen des Sciences du Gout CNRS/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Université de Bourgogne, F-21000 Dijon, France
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Abstract
Ileal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is a 14 kDa cytosolic protein which binds bile acids with a high affinity. It is thought to be implicated in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids and, hence, in cholesterol homeostasis. Using a combination of in vivo and in vitro experiments, we have recently shown that I-BABP gene expression can be indirectly up-regulated by cholesterol through the activation of sterol-responsive element-binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) by liver X-receptor (LXR). We report here that I-BABP can be also a direct target for LXR. I-BABP regulation by LXR is maintained when the SREBP binding site is deleted in the I-BABP promoter and occurs, in the absence of conventional LXRE sequences, through an IR1 sequence previously identified as a farnesoid X-receptor-responsive element (FXRE). Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated that the LXR/RXR heterodimer specifically recognizes the FXRE. Collectively, these data strongly suggest that LXR can regulate the I-BABP gene by both direct and indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Landrier
- Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, Université de Bourgogne, 1 esplanade Erasme, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Grober J, Lucas S, Sörhede-Winzell M, Zaghini I, Mairal A, Contreras JA, Besnard P, Holm C, Langin D. Hormone-sensitive lipase is a cholesterol esterase of the intestinal mucosa. J Biol Chem 2003; 278:6510-5. [PMID: 12482847 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m208513200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The identity of the enzymes responsible for lipase and cholesterol esterase activities in the small intestinal mucosa is not known. Because hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyzes the hydrolysis of acylglycerols and cholesteryl esters, we sought to determine whether HSL could be involved. HSL mRNA and protein were detected in all segments of the small intestine by Northern and Western blot analyses, respectively. Immunocytochemistry experiments revealed that HSL was expressed in the differentiated enterocytes of the villi and was absent in the undifferentiated cells of the crypt. Diacylglycerol lipase and cholesterol esterase activities were found in the different segments. Analysis of gut from HSL-null mice showed that diacylglycerol lipase activity was unchanged in the duodenum and reduced in jejunum. Neutral cholesterol esterase activity was totally abolished in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of HSL-null mice. Analysis of HSL mRNA structure showed two types of transcripts expressed in equal amounts with alternative 5'-ends transcribed from two exons. This work demonstrates that HSL is expressed in the mucosa of the small intestine. The results also reveal that the enzyme participates in acylglycerol hydrolysis in jejunal enterocytes and cholesteryl ester hydrolysis throughout the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Grober
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, FRE2328 CNRS/Université de Bourgogne 1, Dijon 21000, France
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Landrier JF, Grober J, Zaghini I, Besnard P. Regulation of the ileal bile acid-binding protein gene: an approach to determine its physiological function(s). Mol Cell Biochem 2002; 239:149-55. [PMID: 12479580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Ileal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is a soluble bile acids (BA) carrier protein which belongs to the fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) family. In the gut, its expression is strictly restricted to the ileum, where it is thought to be involved in the active BA reabsorption. Therefore, I-BABP gene expression levels might be rate limiting for the BA enterohepatic circulation, and hence, might be crucial for cholesterol (CS) homeostasis. Indeed, BA not reclaimed by intestinal absorption constitute the main way to eliminate a CS excess. However, such a function is not yet established. Because generally rate limiting genes are tightly controlled, we have undertaken the study of the I-BABP gene regulation. It was found that both BA and CS, probably via oxysterols, are able to up-regulate the transcription rate of I-BABP gene. The fact that intracellular sterol sensors (FXR, LXR and SREBP1c) are involved in the control of I-BABP gene expression strongly suggest a crucial role for I-BABP in the ileum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Landrier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, FRE 2328 CNRS-CESG/Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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Mairal A, Melaine N, Laurell H, Grober J, Holst LS, Guillaudeux T, Holm C, Jégou B, Langin D. Characterization of a novel testicular form of human hormone-sensitive lipase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 291:286-90. [PMID: 11846402 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2002.6427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is an esterase and lipase, which are essential for spermatogenesis. Two HSL mRNAs are expressed in human testis. A long form is encoded by a testis-specific exon and nine exons common to testis and adipocyte HSL. Here we show that the short-form 3.3-kb mRNA possesses a unique 5' end that is transcribed from a novel testis-specific exon. The corresponding protein is similar to the 775-amino-acid-long adipocyte HSL. Immunohistochemistry experiments on human testis sections revealed that the long form is strictly expressed in haploid germ cells whereas the short form is expressed in interstitial and tubular somatic cells as well as premeiotic germ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Mairal
- INSERM Unit 317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Université Paul Sabatier, Hôpital Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Zaghini I, Landrier JF, Grober J, Krief S, Jones SA, Monnot MC, Lefrere I, Watson MA, Collins JL, Fujii H, Besnard P. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c is responsible for cholesterol regulation of ileal bile acid-binding protein gene in vivo. Possible involvement of liver-X-receptor. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:1324-31. [PMID: 11684682 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m106375200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ileal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is a cytosolic protein that binds bile acid (BA) specifically. In the ileum, it is thought to be implied in their enterohepatic circulation. Because the fecal excretion of BA represents the main physiological way of elimination for cholesterol (CS), the I-BABP gene could have a major function in CS homeostasis. Therefore, the I-BABP gene expression might be controlled by CS. I-BABP mRNA levels were significatively increased when the human enterocyte-like CaCo-2 cells were CS-deprived and repressed when CS were added to the medium. A highly conserved sterol regularory element-like sequence (SRE) and a putative GC box were found in human I-BABP gene promoter. Different constructs of human I-BABP promoter, cloned upstream of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene, have been used in transfections studies. CAT activity of the wild type promoter was increased in presence of CS-deprived medium, and conversely, decreased by a CS-supplemented medium. The inductive effect of CS depletion was fully abolished when the putative SRE sequence and/or GC box were mutated or deleted. Co-transfections experiments with the mature isoforms of human sterol responsive element-binding proteins (SREBPs) and Sp1 demonstrate that the CS-mediated regulation of I-BABP gene was dependent of these transcriptional factors. Paradoxically, mice subjected to a standard chow supplemented with 2% CS for 14 days exhibited a significant rise in both I-BABP and SREBP1c mRNA levels. We show that in vivo, this up-regulation could be explained by a recently described regulatory pathway involving a positive regulation of SREBP1c by liver-X-receptor following a high CS diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Zaghini
- Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation (ENSBANA), FRE 2049 CNRS/Université de Bourgogne, F-21000, Dijon, France
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Grober J, Zaghini I, Fujii H, Jones SA, Kliewer SA, Willson TM, Ono T, Besnard P. Identification of a bile acid-responsive element in the human ileal bile acid-binding protein gene. Involvement of the farnesoid X receptor/9-cis-retinoic acid receptor heterodimer. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:29749-54. [PMID: 10514450 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.42.29749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal bile acid-binding protein (I-BABP) is a cytosolic protein that binds bile acids (BAs) with a high affinity. In the small intestine, its expression is restricted to the ileum where it is involved in the enterohepatic circulation of BAs. Using the human enterocyte-like Caco-2 cell line, we have recently shown that BAs increased I-BABP gene expression. To determine whether this regulation occurs in vivo, the effect of BA depletion or supplementation was studied in mice. A dramatic drop in I-BABP mRNA levels was observed in mice treated with the BA-binding resin cholestyramine, whereas an increase was found in animals fed with taurocholic acid. BAs are physiological ligands for the nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR). Both FXR and I-BABP are co-expressed along the small intestine and in Caco-2 cells. To determine the role of FXR in the regulation of I-BABP expression, the promoter of the human I-BABP gene was cloned. In Caco-2 cells, cotransfection of FXR and RXRalpha is required to obtain the full transactivation of the I-BABP promoter by BAs. Deletion and mutation analyses demonstrate that the FXR/RXRalpha heterodimer activates transcription through an inverted repeat bile acid responsive element located in position -160/-148 of the human I-BABP promoter. In conclusion, we show that FXR is a physiological BA sensor that is likely to play an essential role in BA homeostasis through the regulation of genes involved in their enterohepatic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grober
- Physiologie de la Nutrition, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation, EP 1777 CNRS-CESG, F- 21000, Dijon, France
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Blaise R, Grober J, Rouet P, Tavernier G, Daegelen D, Langin D. Testis expression of hormone-sensitive lipase is conferred by a specific promoter that contains four regions binding testicular nuclear proteins. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:9327-34. [PMID: 10092610 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.14.9327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The testicular isoform of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSLtes) is encoded by a testis-specific exon and 9 exons common to the testis and adipocyte isoforms. In mouse, HSLtes mRNA appeared during spermiogenesis in round spermatids. Two constructs containing 1.4 and 0.5 kilobase pairs (kb) of the human HSLtes gene 5'-flanking region cloned upstream of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene were microinjected into mouse oocytes. Analyses of enzyme activity in male and female transgenic mice showed that 0.5 kb of the HSLtes promoter was sufficient to direct expression only in testis. Cell transfection experiments showed that CREMtau, a testis-specific transcriptional activator, does not transactivate the HSLtes promoter. Using gel retardation assays, four testis-specific binding regions (TSBR) were identified using testis and liver nuclear extracts. The testis-specific protein binding on TSBR4 was selectively competed by a probe containing a SRY/Sox protein DNA recognition site. Sox5 and Sox6 which are expressed in post-meiotic germ cells bound TSBR4. Mutation of the AACAAAG motif in TSBR4 abolished the binding. Moreover, binding of the high mobility group domain of Sox5 induced a bend within TSBR4. Together, our results showed that 0.5 kb of the human HSLtes promoter bind Sox proteins and contain cis-acting elements essential for the testis specificity of HSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Blaise
- INSERM Unit 317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Université Paul Sabatier, Hôpital Rangueil, F-31403 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Large V, Arner P, Reynisdottir S, Grober J, Van Harmelen V, Holm C, Langin D. Hormone-sensitive lipase expression and activity in relation to lipolysis in human fat cells. J Lipid Res 1998; 39:1688-95. [PMID: 9717730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in adipocyte lipolysis. The activity of HSL is thought to be primarily regulated by reversible phosphorylation. However, the regulation of HSL activity by pre-translational mechanisms has been poorly studied. The present studies were undertaken to explore the relationship between the levels of HSL protein and mRNA expressions and the lipolytic capacity. The study was performed in human abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes with identical sizes but having either a high (HL) or low (LL) lipolytic capacity (n = 16). Basal and maximal lipolysis induced by catecholamines, an adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin, and a cyclic AMP analogue dibutyryl cAMP were 50% lower in LL- in comparison with HL-fat cells (P < 0.05 or better). No differences in drug sensitivity were found. HSL activity and quantity were about 50% lower in LL- compared with HL-fat cells (P < 0.05). Moreover, the mRNA ratio between HSL and gamma-actin was 35% lower in LL- compared with HL-fat cells (P < 0.05). There was a strong linear correlation between the protein and enzymatic HSL measurements (r2 = 0.91). In addition, the maximum lipolytic capacity was significantly correlated with HSL activity (r2 = 0.75) and HSL protein amount (r2 = 0.64). It is concluded that hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) expression, measured either as total HSL protein by Western blot analysis or as total amount of activatable HSL enzyme, is a major determinant of the maximum lipolytic capacity of human fat cells. In addition, HSL protein expression is at least, in part, determined by HSL mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Large
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Grober J, Laurell H, Blaise R, Fabry B, Schaak S, Holm C, Langin D. Characterization of the promoter of human adipocyte hormone-sensitive lipase. Biochem J 1997; 328 ( Pt 2):453-61. [PMID: 9371701 PMCID: PMC1218941 DOI: 10.1042/bj3280453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyses the rate-limiting step of adipose tissue lipolysis. The human HSL gene is composed of nine exons encoding the adipocyte form and a testis-specific coding exon. Northern blot analyses showed that human adipocytes express a 2.8 kb HSL mRNA, suggesting the presence of a short (20-150 bp) 5' untranslated region (5'-UTR). A single 5'-UTR of approx. 70 nt was detected in RNase H mapping experiments. Two 5'-UTRs of 70 and 170 nt respectively were obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends and cDNA library screenings. RNase protection experiments, with probes derived from the two products, showed that human adipocyte HSL mRNA contains only the 70 nt product. Primer extension analysis mapped the transcriptional start site 74 nt upstream of the start codon. In HT29, a human cell line expressing HSL, the presence of the short or the long 5'-UTR is mutually exclusive. The short and long 5'-UTR exons were located 1.5 and approx. 13 kb respectively upstream of the first coding exon. Various portions of the 5'-flanking region upstream of the short product exon were linked to the luciferase gene and transfected into cells that express HSL (HT29 cells and rat adipocytes) and do not express HSL (HeLa cells). High luciferase activity was found for constructs containing the sequence between nt -2400 and -86, but not for shorter constructs. An analysis of 14 kb of genomic sequence revealed the presence of five DNase I hypersensitive sites associated with active gene transcription. Three of the sites are located in the vicinity of the transcriptional start site and could be linked to the minimal promoter activity. Two of the sites are located downstream of the exon containing the start codon, suggesting the presence of intronic regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Grober
- Unité INSERM 317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment L3, CHU Rangueil, F-31403 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Laurell H, Grober J, Vindis C, Lacombe T, Dauzats M, Holm C, Langin D. Species-specific alternative splicing generates a catalytically inactive form of human hormone-sensitive lipase. Biochem J 1997; 328 ( Pt 1):137-43. [PMID: 9359844 PMCID: PMC1218897 DOI: 10.1042/bj3280137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyses the rate-limiting step of adipose tissue lipolysis. The enzyme is also expressed in steroidogenic tissues, mammary gland, muscle tissues and macrophages. A novel HSL mRNA termed hHSL-S, 228 bp shorter than the full-length HSL mRNA, was detected in human adipocytes. hHSL-S mRNA results from the in-frame skipping of exon 6, which encodes the serine residue of the catalytic triad. The corresponding 80 kDa protein was identified in human adipocytes after immunoprecipitation. The truncated protein expressed in COS cells showed neither lipase nor esterase activity but was phosphorylated by cAMP-dependent protein kinase. hHSL-S mRNA was found in all human tissues expressing HSL, except brown adipose tissue from newborns. It represented approx. 20% of total HSL transcripts in human subcutaneous adipocytes. No alternative splicing was detected in other mammals. Human and mouse three-exon HSL minigenes transfected into primate and rodent cell lines reproduced the splicing pattern of the endogenous HSL genes. Analysis of hybrid human/mouse minigenes transfected into human cell lines showed that cis-acting elements responsible for the skipping of human exon 6 were restricted to a 247 bp region including exon 6 and the first 19 nt of intron 6. Moreover, divergence in exonic splicing elements between mouse and human was shown to be critical for the species-specific alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Laurell
- Unité INSERM 317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Plée-Gautier E, Grober J, Duplus E, Langin D, Forest C. Inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase gene expression by cAMP and phorbol esters in 3T3-F442A and BFC-1 adipocytes. Biochem J 1996; 318 ( Pt 3):1057-63. [PMID: 8836156 PMCID: PMC1217723 DOI: 10.1042/bj3181057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyses the rate-limiting step in adipocyte lipolysis. Short-term hormonal regulation of HSL activity is well characterized, whereas little is known about the control of HSL gene expression. We have measured HSL mRNA content of 3T3-F442A and BFC-1 adipocytes in response to the cAMP analogue 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (8-CPT-cAMP) and to the phorbol ester phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) by Northern blot, using a specific mouse cDNA fragment. Treatment of the cells for 12 or 6 h with, respectively, 0.5 mM 8-CPT-cAMP or 1 microM PMA produced a maximal decrease of about 60% in HSL mRNA. These effects were unaffected by the protein-synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, suggesting that cAMP and PMA actions were direct. The reduction in HSL mRNA was accompanied by a reduction in HSL total activity. The intracellular routes that cAMP and PMA follow for inducing such an effect seemed clearly independent. (i) After desensitization of the protein kinase C regulation pathway by a 24 h treatment of the cells with 1 microM PMA, PMA action was abolished whereas cAMP was still fully active. (ii) Treatment with saturating concentrations of both agents produced an additive effect. (iii) The synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone had no proper effect on HSL gene expression but potentiated cAMP action without affecting PMA action. cAMP inhibitory action on HSL is unexpected. Indeed, the second messenger of catecholamines is the main activator of HSL by phosphorylation. We envision that a long-term cAMP treatment of adipocytes induces a counter-regulatory process that reduces HSL content and, ultimately, limits fatty acid depletion from stored triacylglycerols.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Plée-Gautier
- Centre de Recherche sur I'Endocrinologie Moléculaire et le Dévelopment, C.N.R.S., Meudon, France
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Holst LS, Langin D, Mulder H, Laurell H, Grober J, Bergh A, Mohrenweiser HW, Edgren G, Holm C. Molecular cloning, genomic organization, and expression of a testicular isoform of hormone-sensitive lipase. Genomics 1996; 35:441-7. [PMID: 8812477 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1996.0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
By catalyzing the rate-limiting step in adipose tissue lipolysis, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is an important regulator of energy homeostasis. The role and importance of HSL in tissues other than adipose are poorly understood. We report here the cloning and expression of a testicular isoform, designated HSLtes. Due to an addition of amino acids at the NH2-termini, rat and human HSLtes consist of 1068 and 1076 amino acids, respectively, compared to the 768 and 775 amino acids, respectively, of the adipocyte isoform (HSLadi). A novel exon of 1.2 kb, encoding the human testis-specific amino acids, was isolated and mapped to the HSL gene, 16 kb upstream of the exons encoding HSLadi. The transcribed mRNA of 3.9 kb was specifically expressed in testis. No significant similarity with other known proteins was found for the testis-specific sequence. The amino acid composition differs from the HSLadi sequence, with a notable hydrophilic character and a high content of prolines and glutamines. COS cells, transfected by the 3.9-kb human testis cDNA, expressed a protein of the expected molecular mass (M(r) approximately 120,000) that exhibited catalytic activity similar to that of HSLadi. Immunocytochemistry localized HSL to elongating spermatids and spermatozoa; HSL was not detected in interstitial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L S Holst
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lund University, Sweden
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Laurell H, Grober J, Holst LS, Holm C, Mohrenweiser HW, Langin D. The hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) gene located on chromosome 19q13.1-->13.2 is not duplicated on 19p13.3. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1995; 19:590-592. [PMID: 7489032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The existence of a DNA polymorphism at the hormone-sensitive lipase locus could be of great interest for genetic analysis of obesity and related disorders since hormone-sensitive lipase is the rate-limiting enzyme of adipose tissue lipolysis and therefore plays a key role in energy metabolism. The polymorphic dinucleotide repeat D19S120 was identified within a human genomic clone selected with a rat hormone-sensitive lipase cDNA. This marker was subsequently localized to the short arm of chromosome 19 (p13.3) whereas human hormone-sensitive lipase (LIPE) had been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 19 (q13.1-->13.2). A duplication of the hormone-sensitive lipase gene or the presence of a pseudogene could explain the discrepancy. Cosmids from the two regions were analyzed in Southern blot experiments. A human adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase full-length cDNA probe hybridized only to cosmids from the 19q13.1-->13.2 region whereas the D19S120 amplicon probe hybridized only to cosmids from the p13.3 region. These data show that the occurrence of gene duplication or the presence of a pseudogene on the short arm of chromosome 19 is very unlikely and that D19S120 is unrelated to the hormone-sensitive lipase gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Laurell
- INSERM Unité 317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Toulouse, France
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Remaury A, Laurell H, Grober J, Reynisdottir S, Dauzats M, Holm C, Langin D. Expression of hormone-sensitive lipase in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line HT29. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1995; 207:175-82. [PMID: 7695773 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Hormone-sensitive lipase expression was studied in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell line, HT29. Diacylglycerol lipase and cholesterol esterase [corrected] activities in HT29 cells were inhibited by known inhibitors of hormone-sensitive lipase (diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate, NaF and HgCl2) to the same extent as in human adipocytes. A polyclonal antiserum directed against rat hormone-sensitive lipase inhibited 89% of HT29 cell lipase activity. HT29 hormone-sensitive lipase was the same size as the adipocyte enzyme as was its mRNA. Complete homology between mRNA sequences in HT29 and adipocyte was demonstrated using ribonuclease protection assay. These data are consistent with the expression of a protein closely related, if not identical, to the enzyme expressed in human adipose tissue. HT29 is the first human cell line where hormone-sensitive lipase expression has been shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Remaury
- INSERM Unité 317, Institut Louis Bugnard, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rangueil, Toulouse, France
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Grober J. [Therapeutic baths and their testing]. Arch Phys Ther (Leipz) 1969; 21:31-3. [PMID: 5405448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Grober J. [The multiplicity of medical specialties and their natural order]. Med Welt 1967; 15:980-2. [PMID: 5584893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Grober J. [40 Years of radiation measurements in Jena]. Strahlentherapie 1967; 132:313-8. [PMID: 4877040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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