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Wu P, Bie M, Zhou J, Wang J, Zhao L. Periodontal pathogen Fusobacterium nucleatum infection accelerates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed ApoE knockout mice by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 signaling. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38795023 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study sought to explore the impact of Fusobacterium nucleatum on hepatic steatosis in apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout (KO) mice induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and elucidate the underlying mechanism. METHODS ApoE KO mice, on a HFD, received F. nucleatum oral inoculation every other day. After 24 weeks, body weight, liver weight, and liver index were assessed. Serum biochemistry and pro-inflammatory factors in serum and liver were analyzed. The histopathology of right maxilla and live were performed. Oil red O, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining for the liver were conducted. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, apoptosis, lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), ROS, lipid peroxides, and hepatic lipids were also evaluated. Liver inflammation, fibrosis, de novo lipogenesis (DNL)-related molecule, and Nrf2/Keap1-related signaling molecule gene/protein expression were determined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and/or Western blot (WB) analysis. RESULTS HFD-fed ApoE KO mice infected by F. nucleatum demonstrated significant changes, including increased body and liver weight, elevated proinflammatory factors and lipids in serum and liver, as well as neutrophil infiltration, fibrosis, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in the liver. Additionally, F. nucleatum stimulates hepatic lipid accumulation and activates de novo lipogenesis (DNL), while simultaneously suppressing the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study reveals that oral inoculation of F. nucleatum might promote hepatic steatosis by inhibiting Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengyao Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieyu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Udayasuryan B, Zhou Z, Ahmad RN, Sobol P, Deng C, Nguyen TTD, Kodikalla S, Morrison R, Goswami I, Slade DJ, Verbridge SS, Lu C. Fusobacterium nucleatum infection modulates the transcriptome and epigenome of HCT116 colorectal cancer cells in an oxygen-dependent manner. Commun Biol 2024; 7:551. [PMID: 38720110 PMCID: PMC11079022 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06201-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, a gram-negative oral bacterium, has been consistently validated as a strong contributor to the progression of several types of cancer, including colorectal (CRC) and pancreatic cancer. While previous in vitro studies have shown that intracellular F. nucleatum enhances malignant phenotypes such as cell migration, the dependence of this regulation on features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) such as oxygen levels are wholly uncharacterized. Here we examine the influence of hypoxia in facilitating F. nucleatum invasion and its effects on host responses focusing on changes in the global epigenome and transcriptome. Using a multiomic approach, we analyze epigenomic alterations of H3K27ac and global transcriptomic alterations sustained within a hypoxia and normoxia conditioned CRC cell line HCT116 at 24 h following initial infection with F. nucleatum. Our findings reveal that intracellular F. nucleatum activates signaling pathways and biological processes in host cells similar to those induced upon hypoxia conditioning in the absence of infection. Furthermore, we show that a hypoxic TME favors F. nucleatum invasion and persistence and therefore infection under hypoxia may amplify malignant transformation by exacerbating the effects induced by hypoxia alone. These results motivate future studies to investigate host-microbe interactions in tumor tissue relevant conditions that more accurately define parameters for targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barath Udayasuryan
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Zirui Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Raffae N Ahmad
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Polina Sobol
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Chengyu Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Tam T D Nguyen
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shivanie Kodikalla
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ryan Morrison
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Ishan Goswami
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Daniel J Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Scott S Verbridge
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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Zhao D, Cheng T, Hu D, Xu X, Zhang F, Yu R, Li H, Wen P, Chen L, Fu M, Yang H, Zhang H, Yao J, Jin L. Maternal periodontal diseases affect the leukocyte profiles of umbilical cord blood: A cohort study. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2533-2545. [PMID: 37485723 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study evaluated the connection of periodontal status with the leukocyte profiles of maternal peripheral blood (MPB) and umbilical cord blood (UCB). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-nine pregnant females were recruited, and their data were collected via questionnaire and from medical records, including demographics, systemic conditions, complete blood count (CBC) and C-reaction protein (CRP) level in MPB. Full-mouth periodontal assessment was performed. CBC and CRP levels in UCB were measured after parturition. RESULTS All subjects and their neonates were generally healthy. 30.3% of the participants presented with periodontal health condition, whereas 69.7% had different severities of periodontal diseases. The counts/percentages of eosinophils and monocytes in UCB from the subjects with periodontal diseases elevated, and the percentage of neutrophils decreased referencing to that from the counterparts (p < 0.05). There were positive correlations for total leukocyte count, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts/percentages in MPB and UCB among the periodontally healthy subjects (r > 0.4, p < 0.05), but such findings did not exist in those with periodontal diseases. Moreover, periodontal diseases independently accounted for the counts/percentages of neutrophils and eosinophils in UCB after controlling confounders in four testing models (ANCOVA, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Maternal periodontal diseases could to some extent disturb the leukocyte profiles of umbilical cord blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianfan Cheng
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dangli Hu
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- Division of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Division of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Division of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Division of Stomatology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ping Wen
- Division of Science & Education, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mali Fu
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jilong Yao
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijian Jin
- Division of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Liu J, Zhang X, Zhao Q, Mu X, Yang C, Ning Y, Xiong X, Qin X, Chen L. Effects of oropharyngeal administration of own mother's milk on oral microbial colonization in very low birth weight infants fed by gastric tube: A randomized controlled trial. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1247. [PMID: 38629781 PMCID: PMC11022609 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to explore the effect of oropharyngeal mother's milk administration on oral microbial colonization in infants fed by gastric tube at different time points. METHODS Infants (n = 116) with birth weight <1500 g were randomly allocated into two groups which both received breast milk for enteral nutrition. The control group (n = 51) accepted oropharyngeal normal saline administration. The experimental group (n = 53) accepted oropharyngeal mother's milk administration before fed by gastric tube once every 3 h over 21 days after birth. We analyzed the oral microbiota at initiation and 7 and 14 and 21 days later using 16S DNA amplicon sequencing. RESULTS There were no difference in oral microbial diversity between the two groups at any time point, but diversity decreased significantly over time in both groups. On the first day of life, the oral microbiota of the infant in the experimental and control groups consisted mainly of Firmicutes (7.75%, 6.18%) and Proteobacteria (68.65%, 68.69%), respectively. As time increases to 21 days after birth, Firmicutes (77.67%, 77.66%) had replaced Proteobacteria (68.65%, 68.69%) as the predominant phylum. DISCUSSION From birth to 21 days after birth, oropharyngeal mother's milk administration did not change the diversity and structural composition of the oral microbiota. The oral microbial diversity of infants declined significantly over time. Firmicutes had replaced Proteobacteria as the predominant phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Xiyang Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Qian Zhao
- School of NursingShanxi University of Chinese MedicineTaiyuanShanxiChina
| | - Xiaohe Mu
- Department of Critical care medicineShaanxi Province Kangfu HospitalXi'anChina
| | - Chuanzhong Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Yan Ning
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Xiaoyun Xiong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Xiaoling Qin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
| | - Lilian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Gynecology, Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Department, Department of NeonatologyShenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare HospitalShenzhenChina
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Hernández-Cabanyero C, Vonaesch P. Ectopic colonization by oral bacteria as an emerging theme in health and disease. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2024; 48:fuae012. [PMID: 38650052 PMCID: PMC11065354 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuae012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of research papers published on the involvement of the oral microbiota in systemic diseases has grown exponentially over the last 4 years clearly demonstrating the growing interest in this field. Indeed, accumulating evidence highlights the central role of ectopic colonization by oral bacteria in numerous noncommunicable diseases including inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), undernutrition, preterm birth, neurological diseases, liver diseases, lung diseases, heart diseases, or colonic cancer. There is thus much interest in understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to the colonization and maintenance of ectopic oral bacteria. The aim of this review is to summarize and conceptualize the current knowledge about ectopic colonization by oral bacteria, highlight wherever possible the underlying molecular mechanisms and describe its implication in health and disease. The focus lies on the newly discovered molecular mechanisms, showcasing shared pathophysiological mechanisms across different body sites and syndromes and highlighting open questions in the field regarding the pathway from oral microbiota dysbiosis to noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Hernández-Cabanyero
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascale Vonaesch
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, UNIL-Sorge, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Bibek GC, Zhou P, Wu C. A New Method for Gene Deletion to Investigate Cell Wall Biogenesis in Fusobacterium nucleatum. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2727:69-82. [PMID: 37815709 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3491-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Controlled septal peptidoglycan hydrolysis is vital for bacterial cell division, preserving cellular integrity and facilitating proper daughter cell separation. In Escherichia coli, the FtsEX ABC system governs cell wall hydrolase activation by regulating the EnvC activator. However, the processes underlying cell division in the Gram-negative oral bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum are poorly understood, mainly due to its well-known genetic intractability. Herein, we provide a step-by-step procedure for a new gene deletion method in F. nucleatum, focusing on the ftsX gene as a target. This novel approach exploits the HicAB toxin-antitoxin system, using HicA as a counter-selective marker to enable efficient and precise gene deletion. By implementing this technique, we successfully demonstrated its applicability in F. nucleatum, providing new insights into this important microorganism's cell division process. Furthermore, this advanced gene deletion technique offers a valuable resource for future investigation into the functional characterization of genes involved in cell wall biogenesis in F. nucleatum and other genetically intractable microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Bibek
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chenggang Wu
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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He S, Bai X, Xu Y. Structural insight into the role of thiolase from Fusobacterium nucleatum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 688:149151. [PMID: 37951156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an anaerobic gram-negative bacterium that was previously thought to be related to the progression of colorectal cancer. In F. nucleatum, thiolase participates in fatty acid metabolism, and it can catalyse the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to another molecule, typically a fatty acid or another molecule in the synthesis of lipids. To gain deeper insight into the molecular mechanism governing the function of thiolase in F. nucleatum (Fn0495), we herein report the structure of Fn0495. The monomer of Fn0495 consists of three subdomains, namely, the N-terminal domain (residues 1-117 and 252-270), the C-terminal domain (residues 273-393), and the loop domain (residues 118-251). Fn0495 shows a unique difference in the charge and structure of the substrate binding pocket compared with homologous proteins. This research found three conserved residues (Cys88, His357, and Cys387) in Fn0495 arranged near a potential substrate binding pocket. In this study, the conformational changes between the covering loop, catalytic cysteine loop, regulatory determinant region, and homologous protein were compared. These results will enhance our understanding of the molecular characteristics and roles of the thiolase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanru He
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, China
| | - Yongbin Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, Liaoning, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China.
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8
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Hong YM, Lee J, Cho DH, Jeon JH, Kang J, Kim MG, Lee S, Kim JK. Predicting preterm birth using machine learning techniques in oral microbiome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21105. [PMID: 38036587 PMCID: PMC10689490 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48466-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth prediction is essential for improving neonatal outcomes. While many machine learning techniques have been applied to predict preterm birth using health records, inflammatory markers, and vaginal microbiome data, the role of prenatal oral microbiome remains unclear. This study aimed to compare oral microbiome compositions between a preterm and a full-term birth group, identify oral microbiome associated with preterm birth, and develop a preterm birth prediction model using machine learning of oral microbiome compositions. Participants included singleton pregnant women admitted to Jeonbuk National University Hospital between 2019 and 2021. Subjects were divided into a preterm and a full-term birth group based on pregnancy outcomes. Oral microbiome samples were collected using mouthwash within 24 h before delivery and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing was performed to analyze taxonomy. Differentially abundant taxa were identified using DESeq2. A random forest classifier was applied to predict preterm birth based on the oral microbiome. A total of 59 women participated in this study, with 30 in the preterm birth group and 29 in the full-term birth group. There was no significant difference in maternal clinical characteristics between the preterm and the full-birth group. Twenty-five differentially abundant taxa were identified, including 22 full-term birth-enriched taxa and 3 preterm birth-enriched taxa. The random forest classifier achieved high balanced accuracies (0.765 ± 0.071) using the 9 most important taxa. Our study identified 25 differentially abundant taxa that could differentiate preterm and full-term birth groups. A preterm birth prediction model was developed using machine learning of oral microbiome compositions in mouthwash samples. Findings of this study suggest the potential of using oral microbiome for predicting preterm birth. Further multi-center and larger studies are required to validate our results before clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Mi Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyu Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Jeon
- Helixco Inc., 50, Unist-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Kang
- Helixco Inc., 50, Unist-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Gul Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20, Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Semin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Kyu Kim
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical, Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, 20, Geonji-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Karimi N, Samiee N, Moradi Y. The association between periodontal disease and risk of adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of analytical observational studies. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1630. [PMID: 37867783 PMCID: PMC10587389 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim The aim of this meta-analysis was to find the association between periodontal disease (PD) and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including Pre-eclampsia (PE), premature rupture of the amniotic sac, gestational diabetes (GDM), or low birth weight (LBW) in pregnant women, which should be investigated in a systematic meta-analysis. Methods Studies that reported the association between PD and pregnancy or neonatal outcomes and were published from January 1990 to December 2022, were identified by an extensive search in PubMed (Medline), Scopus, Web of Sciences, and Medline (Elsevier). After retrieving the studies, the screening stage was performed based on their titles, abstracts, and full texts, and after selecting the final articles, their information was extracted and their quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale checklist. Results Pregnant women with PD had a 1.39 higher chance of developing GDM than those who did not have the infection (risk ratio [RR]: 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21-1.61; I square: 49.67%; p: 0.03). Additionally, the pooled RR of LBW was 2.19, which indicates that pregnant women with PD had a 2.19-fold higher risk of LBW than pregnant women who do not have the infection (RR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.82-2.64; I square: 0.00%; p: 0.65). The relationship between the risk of PE and the existence of PD was examined in 33 cohort and case-control studies for this meta-analysis. These results were combined, and the pooled RR was 1.43. This indicates that pregnant women with PD are 1.43 times more likely to experience PE than pregnant women without PD (RR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.32-1.54; I square: 82.64%; p: 0.00). Conclusion According to the findings of the current meta-analysis, PD may contribute to a higher risk of poor maternal and newborn outcomes in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Newsha Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Facualty of DentistryKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran
| | - Negin Samiee
- Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Department, Facualty of DentistryKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinant of the Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health DevelopmentKurdistan University of Medical SciencesSanandajIran
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10
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Lima KM, Alves CM, Vidal FC, Gomes-Filho IS, Costa JC, Coletta RD, Rodrigues VP, Lopes FF. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Prevotella in women with periodontitis and preterm birth. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023; 28:e450-e456. [PMID: 37622431 PMCID: PMC10499342 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies try to explain the hypothesis that maternal periodontitis may be associated with preterm birth. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is a case-control study with 120, 40 cases (gestational age <37 weeks) and 80 controls (gestational age ≥37 weeks), that were submitted to the clinical periodontal examination and subgingival biofilm collection. Bacterial DNA of subgingival biofilm was performed and processed by qPCR. RESULTS Periodontitis was statistically significant in the Case group (35%) when compared to the Control group (11.2%) and Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), sites with PS ≥ 4mm and sites with CAL ≥ 5mm were statistically higher in the Case group (p < 0.05). The proportions of Pi (p = 0.026) and Fn (p = 0.041) of subgingival biofilm were higher in the Case group. A greater number of sites with PS ≥ 4mm (r = -0.202; p = 0.026) and CAL ≥ 5mm (r = -0.322; p < 0.001) were correlated to lower gestational age. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis, preterm delivery, and/or low birth weight may have a possible relationship based on clinical parameters and the ratio of Pi and Fn at periodontal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-M Lima
- Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão Avenida dos Portugueses, 1966, Cidade Universitária Dom Delgado São Luís, MA 65085-580, Brazil
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11
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AlSharief M, Alabdurubalnabi E. Periodontal Pathogens and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1559. [PMID: 37511934 PMCID: PMC10381683 DOI: 10.3390/life13071559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a multi-microbial infection of the teeth-supporting apparatus that manifests as clinical attachment loss and alveolar bone loss. The association between periodontal disease and systemic diseases has been proposed in the literature owing to the former's chronic state of inflammation, and adverse pregnancy outcomes are no exception. As a result of periodontal pathogen invasion, a series of systemic inflammatory and immunologic events affecting the safety of the fetoplacental unit may unfold. This may be further exaggerated by physiologic hormonal and metabolic fluctuations during pregnancy. This can not only negatively affect the gestation period and consequently cause preterm low weight but also complicate the pregnancy via preeclampsia and gestational diabetes. This narrative review article aims to provide a summary of relevant available evidence pertinent to the relationship between periodontal diseases, associated periodontal pathogens and virulence mechanisms mediated by pro-inflammatory cytokines and prostaglandins, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Furthermore, this article highlights some of the literature addressing the impact of periodontal therapy interventions and pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mishali AlSharief
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa Alabdurubalnabi
- Fellowship in Periodontics Program, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Koerner R, Prescott S, Alman A, Duffy A, Groer M. The Oral Microbiome Throughout Pregnancy: A Scoping Review. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2023; 48:200-208. [PMID: 37365703 DOI: 10.1097/nmc.0000000000000930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral health is associated with systemic health, including adverse pregnancy outcomes. Understanding the oral microbiome during pregnancy may lead to targeted interventions for prevention of adverse outcomes. The purpose of this review is to examine the literature on the oral microbiome throughout pregnancy. METHODS We conducted a literature search with four electronic databases for original research conducted between 2012 and 2022 that examined the oral microbiome longitudinally using 16s rRNA sequencing during pregnancy. RESULTS We identified six studies that examined the oral microbiome longitudinally throughout pregnancy, though comparisons of oral niches, oral microbiome measures, and findings between studies were not consistent. Three studies identified alterations in alpha diversity throughout pregnancy and two studies identified increased pathogenic bacteria during pregnancy. Three studies reported no changes in the oral microbiome throughout pregnancy, and one study identified differences in the composition of the microbiome based on socioeconomic status and antibiotic exposure. Two studies examined adverse pregnancy outcomes in association with the oral microbiome, one reporting no associations and one reported difference in community gene composition in those diagnosed with preeclampsia. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS There is limited research on the composition of the oral microbiome throughout pregnancy. There may be alterations in the oral microbiome during pregnancy such as increased relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Socioeconomic status, antibiotic use, and education may contribute to differences in the microbiome composition over time. Clinicians should evaluate oral health and educate on the importance of oral health care during the prenatal and perinatal time period.
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13
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Stinson LF, Berman Y, Li S, Keelan JA, Dickinson JE, Doherty DA, Newnham JP, Payne MS. Characterisation of Mid-Gestation Amniotic Fluid Cytokine and Bacterial DNA Profiles in Relation to Pregnancy Outcome in a Small Australian Cohort. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1698. [PMID: 37512872 PMCID: PMC10384451 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A well-established association exists between intrauterine bacteria and preterm birth. This study aimed to explore this further through documenting bacterial and cytokine profiles in Australian mid-gestation amniotic fluid samples from preterm and term births. Samples were collected during amniocenteses. DNA was extracted and the full-length 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced. Levels of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and MCP-1 were determined using the Milliplex MAGPIX system. Bacterial DNA profiles were low in diversity and richness, with no significant differences observed between term and preterm samples. No differences in the relative abundance of individual OTUs between samples were identified. IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in samples containing reads mapping to Sphingomonas sp.; however, this result should be interpreted with caution as similar reads were also identified in extraction controls. IL-6 levels were significantly increased in samples with reads that mapped to Pelomonas sp., whilst TNF-α levels were elevated in fluid samples from pregnancies that subsequently delivered preterm. Bacterial DNA unlikely to have originated from extraction controls was identified in 20/31 (64.5%) mid-gestation amniotic fluid samples. Bacterial DNA profiles, however, were not predictive of preterm birth, and although cytokine levels were elevated in the presence of certain genera, the biological relevance of this remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa F Stinson
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Yey Berman
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Shaofu Li
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A Keelan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jan E Dickinson
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Dorota A Doherty
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - John P Newnham
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
| | - Matthew S Payne
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6008, Australia
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14
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Leftwich HK, Vargas-Robles D, Rojas-Correa M, Yap YR, Bhattarai S, Ward DV, Fujimori G, Forconi CS, Yeboah T, Carter A, Kastrinakis A, Asirwatham AM, Bucci V, Moormann AM, Maldonado-Contreras A. The microbiota of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 and their infants. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:141. [PMID: 37365606 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01577-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infants receive their first bacteria from their birthing parent. This newly acquired microbiome plays a pivotal role in developing a robust immune system, the cornerstone of long-term health. RESULTS We demonstrated that the gut, vaginal, and oral microbial diversity of pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection is reduced, and women with early infections exhibit a different vaginal microbiota composition at the time of delivery compared to their healthy control counterparts. Accordingly, a low relative abundance of two Streptococcus sequence variants (SV) was predictive of infants born to pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy, particularly early infections, are associated with lasting changes in the microbiome of pregnant women, compromising the initial microbial seed of their infant. Our results highlight the importance of further exploring the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the infant's microbiome-dependent immune programming. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi K Leftwich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Memorial Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Daniela Vargas-Robles
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Mayra Rojas-Correa
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yan Rou Yap
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shakti Bhattarai
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Doyle V Ward
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Gavin Fujimori
- Department of Medicine. Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Catherine S Forconi
- Department of Medicine. Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Tracy Yeboah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Memorial Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Acara Carter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Memorial Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alyssa Kastrinakis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Memorial Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Alison M Asirwatham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Massachusetts Memorial Health, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Vanni Bucci
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ann M Moormann
- Department of Medicine. Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Ana Maldonado-Contreras
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
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15
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Ma X, Sun T, Zhou J, Zhi M, Shen S, Wang Y, Gu X, Li Z, Gao H, Wang P, Feng Q. Pangenomic Study of Fusobacterium nucleatum Reveals the Distribution of Pathogenic Genes and Functional Clusters at the Subspecies and Strain Levels. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0518422. [PMID: 37042769 PMCID: PMC10269558 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05184-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a prevalent periodontal pathogen and is associated with many systemic diseases. Our knowledge of the genomic characteristics and pathogenic effectors of different F. nucleatum strains is limited. In this study, we completed the whole genome assembly of the 4 F. nucleatum strains and carried out a comprehensive pangenomic study of 30 strains with their complete genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the F. nucleatum strains are mainly divided into 4 subspecies, while 1 of the sequenced strains was classified into a new subspecies. Gene composition analysis revealed that a total of 517 "core/soft-core genes" with housekeeping functions widely distributed in almost all the strains. Each subspecies had a unique gene cluster shared by strains within the subspecies. Analysis of the virulence factors revealed that many virulence factors were widely distributed across all the strains, with some present in multiple copies. Some virulence genes showed no consistent occurrence rule at the subspecies level and were specifically distributed in certain strains. The genomic islands mainly revealed strain-specific characteristics instead of subspecies level consistency, while CRISPR types and secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters were identically distributed in F. nucleatum strains from the same subspecies. The variation in amino acid sites in the adhesion protein FadA did not affect the monomer and dimer 3D structures, but it may affect the binding surface and the stability of binding to host receptors. This study provides a basis for the pathogenic study of F. nucleatum at the subspecies and strain levels. IMPORTANCE We used F. nucleatum as an example to analyze the genomic characteristics of oral pathogens at the species, subspecies, and strain levels and elucidate the similarities and differences in functional genes and virulence factors among different subspecies/strains of the same oral pathogen. We believe that the unique biological characteristics of each subspecies/strain can be attributed to the differences in functional gene clusters or the presence/absence of certain virulence genes. This study showed that F. nucleatum strains from the same subspecies had similar functional gene compositions, CRISPR types, and secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters, while pathogenic genes, such as virulence genes, antibiotic resistance genes, and GIs, had more strain level specificity. The findings of this study suggest that, for microbial pathogenicity studies, we should carefully consider the subspecies/strains being used, as different strains may vary greatly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Tianyong Sun
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Jiannan Zhou
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Sciences of Stomatology, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education (Hubei-MOST KLOS & KLOBM), School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengfan Zhi
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Song Shen
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Yushang Wang
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Xiufeng Gu
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Haiting Gao
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Human Microbiome & Implantology & Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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16
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Muraoka A, Suzuki M, Hamaguchi T, Watanabe S, Iijima K, Murofushi Y, Shinjo K, Osuka S, Hariyama Y, Ito M, Ohno K, Kiyono T, Kyo S, Iwase A, Kikkawa F, Kajiyama H, Kondo Y. Fusobacterium infection facilitates the development of endometriosis through the phenotypic transition of endometrial fibroblasts. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadd1531. [PMID: 37315109 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add1531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde menstruation is a widely accepted cause of endometriosis. However, not all women who experience retrograde menstruation develop endometriosis, and the mechanisms underlying these observations are not yet understood. Here, we demonstrated a pathogenic role of Fusobacterium in the formation of ovarian endometriosis. In a cohort of women, 64% of patients with endometriosis but <10% of controls were found to have Fusobacterium infiltration in the endometrium. Immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses revealed that activated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling resulting from Fusobacterium infection of endometrial cells led to the transition from quiescent fibroblasts to transgelin (TAGLN)-positive myofibroblasts, which gained the ability to proliferate, adhere, and migrate in vitro. Fusobacterium inoculation in a syngeneic mouse model of endometriosis resulted in a marked increase in TAGLN-positive myofibroblasts and increased number and weight of endometriotic lesions. Furthermore, antibiotic treatment largely prevented establishment of endometriosis and reduced the number and weight of established endometriotic lesions in the mouse model. Our data support a mechanism for the pathogenesis of endometriosis via Fusobacterium infection and suggest that eradication of this bacterium could be an approach to treat endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Muraoka
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Miho Suzuki
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tomonari Hamaguchi
- Division of Neurogenetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shinya Watanabe
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenta Iijima
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Murofushi
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Keiko Shinjo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Satoko Osuka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yumi Hariyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Toyota Kosei Hospital, 500-1, Ihohara, Zyosui-cho, Toyota 470-0396, Japan
| | - Mikako Ito
- Division of Neurogenetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kinji Ohno
- Division of Neurogenetics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Project for Prevention of HPV-related Cancer, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwanoha 6-5-1, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan
| | - Satoru Kyo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-Cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Akira Iwase
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kondo
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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17
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Ellett F, Kacamak NI, Alvarez CR, Oliveira EH, Hasturk H, Paster BJ, Kantarci A, Irimia D. Fusobacterium nucleatum dissemination by neutrophils. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2217067. [PMID: 37283724 PMCID: PMC10240972 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2217067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies uncovered that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), a common, opportunistic bacterium in the oral cavity, is associated with a growing number of systemic diseases, ranging from colon cancer to Alzheimer's disease. However, the pathological mechanisms responsible for this association are still poorly understood. Here, we leverage recent technological advances to study the interactions between Fn and neutrophils. We show that Fn survives within human neutrophils after phagocytosis. Using in vitro microfluidic devices, we determine that human neutrophils can protect and transport Fn over large distances. Moreover, we validate these observations in vivo by showing that neutrophils disseminate Fn using a zebrafish model. Our data support the emerging hypothesis that bacterial dissemination by neutrophils is a mechanistic link between oral and systemic diseases. Furthermore, our results may ultimately lead to therapeutic approaches that target specific host-bacteria interactions, including the dissemination process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Ellett
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nazli I. Kacamak
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carla R. Alvarez
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eduardo H.S. Oliveira
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hatice Hasturk
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruce J. Paster
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Department of Surgery, Center for Engineering in Medicine and Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Shriners Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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GC B, Zhou P, Wu C. HicA Toxin-Based Counterselection Marker for Allelic Exchange Mutations in Fusobacterium nucleatum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0009123. [PMID: 37039662 PMCID: PMC10132090 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00091-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of fusobacterial virulence factors has dramatically benefited from the creation of various genetic tools for DNA manipulation, including galK-based counterselection for in-frame deletion mutagenesis in Fusobacterium nucleatum, which was recently developed. However, this method requires a host lacking the galK gene, which is an inherent limitation. To circumvent this limitation, we explored the possibility of using the hicA gene that encodes a toxin consisting of a HicAB toxin-antitoxin module in Fusobacterium periodonticum as a new counterselective marker. Interestingly, the full-length hicA gene is not toxic in F. nucleatum, but a truncated hicA gene version lacking the first six amino acids is functional as a toxin. The toxin expression is driven by an rpsJ promoter and is controlled at its translational level by using a theophylline-responsive riboswitch unit. As a proof of concept, we created markerless in-frame deletions in the fusobacterial adhesin radD gene within the F. nucleatum rad operon and the tnaA gene that encodes the tryptophanase for indole production. After vector integration, plasmid excision after counterselection appeared to have occurred in 100% of colonies grown on theophylline-added plates and resulted in in-frame deletions in 50% of the screened isolates. This hicA-based counterselection system provides a robust and reliable counterselection in wild-type background F. nucleatum and should also be adapted for use in other bacteria. IMPORTANCE Fusobacterium nucleatum is an indole-producing human oral anaerobe associated with periodontal diseases, preterm birth, and several cancers. Little is known about the mechanisms of fusobacterial pathogenesis and associated factors, mainly due to the lack of robust genetic tools for this organism. Here, we showed that a mutated hicA gene from Fusobacterium periodonticum expresses an active toxin and was used as a counterselection marker. This hicA-based in-frame deletion system efficiently creates in-frame deletion mutations in the wild-type background of F. nucleatum. This is the first report to use the hicA gene as a counterselection marker in a bacterial genetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibek GC
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chenggang Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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19
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Little A, Tangney M, Tunney MM, Buckley NE. Fusobacterium nucleatum: a novel immune modulator in breast cancer? Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e15. [PMID: 37009688 PMCID: PMC10407221 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer was the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2020. Greater understanding of the factors which promote tumour progression, metastatic development and therapeutic resistance is needed. In recent years, a distinct microbiome has been detected in the breast, a site previously thought to be sterile. Here, we review the clinical and molecular relevance of the oral anaerobic bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum in breast cancer. F. nucleatum is enriched in breast tumour tissue compared with matched healthy tissue and has been shown to promote mammary tumour growth and metastatic progression in mouse models. Current literature suggests that F. nucleatum modulates immune escape and inflammation within the tissue microenvironment, two well-defined hallmarks of cancer. Furthermore, the microbiome, and F. nucleatum specifically, has been shown to affect patient response to therapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors. These findings highlight areas of future research needed to better understand the influence of F. nucleatum in the development and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Little
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mark Tangney
- Cancer Research, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael M. Tunney
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Niamh E. Buckley
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
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20
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Dos Anjos Borges LG, Pastuschek J, Heimann Y, Dawczynski K, Schleußner E, Pieper DH, Zöllkau J. Vaginal and neonatal microbiota in pregnant women with preterm premature rupture of membranes and consecutive early onset neonatal sepsis. BMC Med 2023; 21:92. [PMID: 36907851 PMCID: PMC10009945 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02805-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), which is associated with vaginal dysbiosis, is responsible for up to one-third of all preterm births. Consecutive ascending colonization, infection, and inflammation may lead to relevant neonatal morbidity including early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS). The present study aims to assess the vaginal microbial composition of PPROM patients and its development under standard antibiotic therapy and to evaluate the usefulness of the vaginal microbiota for the prediction of EONS. It moreover aims to decipher neonatal microbiota at birth as possible mirror of the in utero microbiota. METHODS As part of the PEONS prospective multicenter cohort study, 78 women with PPROM and their 89 neonates were recruited. Maternal vaginal and neonatal pharyngeal, rectal, umbilical cord blood, and meconium microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Significant differences between the sample groups were evaluated using permutational multivariate analysis of variance and differently distributed taxa by the Mann-Whitney test. Potential biomarkers for the prediction of EONS were analyzed using the MetaboAnalyst platform. RESULTS Vaginal microbiota at admission after PPROM were dominated by Lactobacillus spp. Standard antibiotic treatment triggers significant changes in microbial community (relative depletion of Lactobacillus spp. and relative enrichment of Ureaplasma parvum) accompanied by an increase in bacterial diversity, evenness and richness. The neonatal microbiota showed a heterogeneous microbial composition where meconium samples were characterized by specific taxa enriched in this niche. The vaginal microbiota at birth was shown to have the potential to predict EONS with Escherichia/Shigella and Facklamia as risk taxa and Anaerococcus obesiensis and Campylobacter ureolyticus as protective taxa. EONS cases could also be predicted at a reasonable rate from neonatal meconium communities with the protective taxa Bifidobacterium longum, Agathobacter rectale, and S. epidermidis as features. CONCLUSIONS Vaginal and neonatal microbiota analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing after PPROM may form the basis of individualized risk assessment for consecutive EONS. Further studies on extended cohorts are necessary to evaluate how far this technique may in future close a diagnostic gap to optimize and personalize the clinical management of PPROM patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03819192, ClinicalTrials.gov. Registered on January 28, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo Dos Anjos Borges
- Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany
| | - Jana Pastuschek
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Case (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Yvonne Heimann
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Case (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Kristin Dawczynski
- Center for Sepsis Control and Case (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Section Neonatology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Ekkehard Schleußner
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Case (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Dietmar H Pieper
- Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124, Brunswick, Germany.
| | - Janine Zöllkau
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany.,Center for Sepsis Control and Case (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
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21
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Study of the inflammatory activating process in the early stage of Fusobacterium nucleatum infected PDLSCs. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:8. [PMID: 36754953 PMCID: PMC9908923 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-022-00213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an early pathogenic colonizer in periodontitis, but the host response to infection with this pathogen remains unclear. In this study, we built an F. nucleatum infectious model with human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and showed that F. nucleatum could inhibit proliferation, and facilitate apoptosis, ferroptosis, and inflammatory cytokine production in a dose-dependent manner. The F. nucleatum adhesin FadA acted as a proinflammatory virulence factor and increased the expression of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Further study showed that FadA could bind with PEBP1 to activate the Raf1-MAPK and IKK-NF-κB signaling pathways. Time-course RNA-sequencing analyses showed the cascade of gene activation process in PDLSCs with increasing durations of F. nucleatum infection. NFκB1 and NFκB2 upregulated after 3 h of F. nucleatum-infection, and the inflammatory-related genes in the NF-κB signaling pathway were serially elevated with time. Using computational drug repositioning analysis, we predicted and validated that two potential drugs (piperlongumine and fisetin) could attenuate the negative effects of F. nucleatum-infection. Collectively, this study unveils the potential pathogenic mechanisms of F. nucleatum and the host inflammatory response at the early stage of F. nucleatum infection.
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22
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Morrison AG, Sarkar S, Umar S, Lee STM, Thomas SM. The Contribution of the Human Oral Microbiome to Oral Disease: A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:318. [PMID: 36838283 PMCID: PMC9962706 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome is an emerging field that has been a topic of discussion since the development of next generation sequencing and the implementation of the human microbiome project. This article reviews the current literature surrounding the oral microbiome, briefly highlighting most recent methods of microbiome characterization including cutting edge omics, databases for the microbiome, and areas with current gaps in knowledge. This article also describes reports on microorganisms contained in the oral microbiome which include viruses, archaea, fungi, and bacteria, and provides an in-depth analysis of their significant roles in tissue homeostasis. Finally, we detail key bacteria involved in oral disease, including oral cancer, and the current research surrounding their role in stimulation of inflammatory cytokines, the role of gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal disease, the creation of a network of interactions between microorganisms, the influence of the planktonic microbiome and cospecies biofilms, and the implications of antibiotic resistance. This paper provides a comprehensive literature analysis while also identifying gaps in knowledge to enable future studies to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Gregory Morrison
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Soumyadev Sarkar
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Shahid Umar
- Department of General Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Sonny T. M. Lee
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
- 1717 Claflin Road, 136 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Departments of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- 3901 Rainbow Blvd., 4031 Wahl Hall East, MS 3040, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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23
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Fan Z, Tang P, Li C, Yang Q, Xu Y, Su C, Li L. Fusobacterium nucleatum and its associated systemic diseases: epidemiologic studies and possible mechanisms. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2145729. [PMID: 36407281 PMCID: PMC9673791 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2145729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an anaerobic oral commensal and the major coaggregation bridge organism linking early and late colonisers. In recent years, a large number of studies suggest that F. nucleatum is closely related to the development of various systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, adverse pregnancy outcomes, inflammatory bowel diseases, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, respiratory infection, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. Objective To review the effect of F. nucleatum on systemic diseases and its possible pathogenesis and to open new avenues for prevention and treatment of F. nucleatum-associated systemic diseases. Design The research included every article published up to July 2022 featuring the keywords 'Systemic diseases' OR 'Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases' OR 'Atherosclerosis' OR 'Adverse pregnancy outcomes' OR 'Inflammatory bowel disease' OR 'Ulcerative colitis' OR 'Crohn’s disease' OR 'Cancers' OR 'Oral squamous cell carcinomas' OR 'Gastrointestinal cancers' OR 'Colorectal cancer' OR 'Breast cancer' OR 'Genitourinary cancers' OR 'Alzheimer’s disease ' OR 'Rheumatoid arthritis' OR 'Respiratory diseases' AND 'Fusobacterium nucleatum' OR 'Periodontal pathogen' OR 'Oral microbiota' OR 'Porphyromonas gingivalis' and was conducted in the major medical databases. Results F. nucleatum can induce immune response and inflammation in the body through direct or indirect pathways, and thus affect the occurrence and development of systemic diseases. Only by continuing to investigate the pathogenic lifestyles of F. nucleatum will we discover the divergent pathways that may be leveraged for diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Fan
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengzhou Tang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuan Su
- State KeyLaboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai road 1, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Merchant AT, Gupta RD, Akonde M, Reynolds M, Smith-Warner S, Liu J, Tarannum F, Beck J, Mattison D. Association of Chlorhexidine Use and Scaling and Root Planing With Birth Outcomes in Pregnant Individuals With Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2247632. [PMID: 36534397 PMCID: PMC9856591 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.47632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Chlorhexidine mouthwash enhances treatment effects of conventional periodontal treatment, but data on chlorhexidine as a source of heterogeneity in meta-analyses assessing the treatment of maternal periodontitis in association with birth outcomes are lacking. OBJECTIVE To assess possible heterogeneity by chlorhexidine use in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of periodontal treatment (ie, scaling and root planing [SRP]) vs no treatment on birth outcomes. DATA SOURCES Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register, Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth's Trials Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, LILACS BIREME Virtual Health Library (Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database), US National Institutes of Health Ongoing Trials Register (ClinicalTrials.gov), and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched through March 2022. STUDY SELECTION RCTs were included if they were conducted among pregnant individuals with periodontitis, used interventions consisting of SRP vs no periodontal treatment, and assessed birth outcomes. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were abstracted with consensus of 2 reviewers using Rayyan and assessed for bias with the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool before random effects subgroup meta-analyses. Analyses were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses reporting guideline. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Outcomes of interest were preterm birth (ie, <37 weeks' gestation) and low birth weight (ie, <2500 g). RESULTS There were 12 studies with a total of 5735 participants evaluating preterm birth. Control group participants did not receive any treatment or use chlorhexidine during pregnancy. All intervention group participants received SRP; in 5 of these studies (with 2570 participants), pregnant participants in the treatment group either received chlorhexidine mouthwash or advice to use it, but participants in the remaining 7 studies (with 3183 participants) did not. There were 8 studies with a total of 3510 participants evaluating low birth weight, including 3 studies with SRP plus chlorhexidine (with 594 participants) and 6 studies with SRP only (with 2916 participants). The SRP plus chlorhexidine groups had lower risk of preterm birth (relative risk [RR], 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34-0.93) and low birth weight (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.32-0.68) but not the SRP-only groups (preterm birth: RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.82-1.29; low birth weight: RR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.62-1.08). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE These findings suggest that treating maternal periodontitis with chlorhexidine mouthwash plus SRP was associated with reduced risk of preterm and low birth weight. Well-conducted RCTs are needed to test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar T. Merchant
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Rajat Das Gupta
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Maxwell Akonde
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Mark Reynolds
- School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore
| | - Stephanie Smith-Warner
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jihong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Fouzia Tarannum
- M. R. Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - James Beck
- Division of Comprehensive Oral Health and Periodontology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Donald Mattison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia
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25
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Saliem SS, Bede SY, Cooper PR, Abdulkareem AA, Milward MR, Abdullah BH. Pathogenesis of periodontitis - A potential role for epithelial-mesenchymal transition. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:268-278. [PMID: 36159185 PMCID: PMC9489739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process comprising cellular and molecular events which result in cells shifting from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype. Periodontitis is a destructive chronic disease of the periodontium initiated in response to a dysbiotic microbiome, and dominated by Gram-negative bacteria in the subgingival niches accompanied by an aberrant immune response in susceptible subjects. Both EMT and periodontitis share common risk factors and drivers, including Gram-negative bacteria, excess inflammatory cytokine production, smoking, oxidative stress and diabetes mellitus. In addition, periodontitis is characterized by down-regulation of key epithelial markers such as E-cadherin together with up-regulation of transcriptional factors and mesenchymal proteins, including Snail1, vimentin and N-cadherin, which also occur in the EMT program. Clinically, these phenotypic changes may be reflected by increases in microulceration of the pocket epithelial lining, granulation tissue formation, and fibrosis. Both in vitro and in vivo data now support the potential involvement of EMT as a pathogenic mechanism in periodontal diseases which may facilitate bacterial invasion into the underlying gingival tissues and propagation of inflammation. This review surveys the available literature and provides evidence linking EMT to periodontitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif S Saliem
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Salwan Y Bede
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Paul R Cooper
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ali A Abdulkareem
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Michael R Milward
- ŌSchool of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, B5 7EG Birmingham, UK
| | - Bashar H Abdullah
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, P.O. Box 1417, Bab Al Mudam, Baghdad, Iraq
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26
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Nannan M, Xiaoping L, Ying J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Progress in related mechanisms and management strategies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:963956. [PMID: 36388896 PMCID: PMC9640773 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.963956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is an inflammatory and destructive disease of tissues supporting the tooth. A large number of studies have confirmed that periodontal pathogens and their metabolites can lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes in direct or indirect ways. Adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and pre-eclampsia, have a serious impact on human reproductive health. In recent years, although the level of global medical technology has gradually improved, the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes has not declined and is still a global public health problem. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current data on periodontal disease in pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including the association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, the pathogenic mechanism related to this association, the efficacy of different nutrition supplements for both periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes and the effect of providing periodontal treatment on the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of adverse pregnancy outcomes in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jin Ying
- Department of Stomatology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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27
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Bonasoni MP, Comitini G, Pati M, Bardaro M, Russello G, Carretto E, Dalla Dea G, Palicelli A, Bernardelli G, Chesi E, Gargano G. Fulminant Sepsis and Perinatal Death at 23 Weeks Due to Fusobacterium nucleatum. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 42:456-463. [PMID: 36218233 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2022.2131487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobe, a constituent of the oral microflora, responsible for chronic periodontal diseases. Case Report: We describe a preterm infant with premature rupture of membranes at 23 weeks of gestational age due to F. nucleatum. The newborn died soon after birth. Placental histopathology showed severe necrotizing chorioamnionitis and funisitis with gram-negative bacilli. After autopsy, F. nucleatum was microbiologically isolated from the lung. The mother had dental hygiene 1 day before delivery, presenting mild and diffuse gingivitis. At admission, she had leukocytosis, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, but no fever. Conclusion: This case highlights the possibility of F. nucleatum spreading from oral cavity after a dental procedure to the placenta with chorioamnionitis and fetal infection. This raises the question of whether dental procedures during pregnancy should be accompanied by prophylactic antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuseppina Comitini
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Pati
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marcellino Bardaro
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Russello
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Carretto
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Dalla Dea
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,Pathology Unit, "Maggiore della Carità" Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Elena Chesi
- Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Gargano
- Department of Obstetrics and Pediatrics, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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28
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Insight into the Relationship between Oral Microbiota and the Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091868. [PMID: 36144470 PMCID: PMC9505529 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease has been a growing concern of lots of people globally, including both adults and children. As a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine, even though the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is still unclear, the available evidence from clinic observations has suggested a close association with microorganisms. The oral microbiota possesses the characteristics of a large number and abundant species, second only to the intestinal microbiota in the human body; as a result, it successfully attracts the attention of researchers. The highly diverse commensal oral microbiota is not only a normal part of the oral cavity but also has a pronounced impact on the pathophysiology of general health. Numerous studies have shown the potential associations between the oral microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory bowel disease can affect the composition of the oral microbiota and lead to a range of oral pathologies. In turn, there are a variety of oral microorganisms involved in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease, including Streptococcus spp., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Campylobacter concisus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Saccharibacteria (TM7), and Candida albicans. Based on the above analysis, the purpose of this review is to summarize this relationship of mutual influence and give further insight into the detection of flora as a target for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease to open up a novel approach in future clinical practice.
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29
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He Z, Tian W, Wei Q, Xu J. Involvement of Fusobacterium nucleatum in malignancies except for colorectal cancer: A literature review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968649. [PMID: 36059542 PMCID: PMC9428792 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is originally an oral opportunistic pathogen and accumulating evidence links the presence of F. nucleatum with the pathogenicity, development, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, only limited preliminary data is available dealing with the role of F. nucleatum in other malignancies except for CRC. The present review aims to update and systematize the latest information about the mechanisms of F. nucleatum-mediating carcinogenesis, together with the detection rates, clinicopathological, and molecular features in F. nucleatum-associated malignancies. Comparing with adjacent non-tumorous tissue, previous studies have shown an overabundance of intratumoural F. nucleatum. Although the prognostic role of F. nucleatum is still controversial, a higher prevalence of F. nucleatum was usually associated with a more advanced tumor stage and a worse overall survival. Preliminary evidence have shown that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and relevant inflammation and immune response aroused by F. nucleatum may be the probable link between F. nucleatum infection and the initiation of oral/head and neck cancer. Further studies are needed to elucidate the etiologic role of the specific microbiota and the connection between the extent of periodontitis and carcinogenesis in different tumor types. The mechanisms of how the antibiotics exerts the critical role in the carcinogenesis and antitumor effects in malignancies other than CRC need to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing He
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Cancer Institute (National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention), Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Xu,
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30
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Hauk V, D'Eramo L, Calo G, Merech F, Doga L, Lara B, Gliosca L, Massone C, Molgatini S, Ramhorst R, Squassi A, Pérez Leirós C. Gingival crevicular fluid from pregnant women impairs trophoblast cell function and trophoblast-neutrophil interaction. Am J Reprod Immunol 2022; 88:e13558. [PMID: 35511077 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM A strong association between periodontitis and higher susceptibility to pregnancy complications like preeclampsia has been reported although the mechanisms remain elusive. Trophoblast cells modulate the recruitment and functional shaping of maternal leukocytes at early stages to sustain an antiinflammatory microenvironment and fetal growth. Neutrophil activation with reactive oxygen species (ROS) release is associated with preeclampsia. Our aim was to study the effect of the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from pregnant women on trophoblast cell function and trophoblast-neutrophil interaction. METHOD OF STUDY Pregnant women at 16-20 weeks of gestation (n = 27) and non-pregnant women (n = 8) as the control group were studied for gingivoperiodontal clinical score evaluation and GCF collection. Total bacteria and common periodontal pathogens were analyzed in GCF samples. The effect of each GCF sample was tested on first trimester trophoblast-derived cells to assess cell migration, cytokine expression and glucose uptake. Also, the effect of GCF on human peripheral neutrophil chemoattraction by trophoblast cells and ROS formation was assessed. RESULTS Gingival crevicular fluid from pregnant women reduced trophoblast cell migration, increased proinflammatory marker expression and glucose uptake. A significant correlation between gingivoperiodontal score and trophoblast dysfunction was observed. Upon conditioning of trophoblast cells with GCF, only the GCF from pregnant women stimulated neutrophil chemoattraction. Similarly, GCF from pregnant but not from non-pregnant controls stimulated ROS formation in neutrophils. CONCLUSIONS Gingival crevicular fluid from pregnant women is deleterious for first trimester trophoblast cell function. These effects could lead to placental homeostasis disruption underlying a pathogenic mechanism of pregnancy complications associated to periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Hauk
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana D'Eramo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermina Calo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fátima Merech
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Doga
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Brenda Lara
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Gliosca
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Microbiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla Massone
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Microbiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Susana Molgatini
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Microbiología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosanna Ramhorst
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldo Squassi
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Pérez Leirós
- Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN), Laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Wang H, Yang GX, Hu Y, Lam P, Sangha K, Siciliano D, Swenerton A, Miller R, Tilley P, Von Dadelszen P, Kalyan S, Tang P, Patel MS. Comprehensive human amniotic fluid metagenomics supports the sterile womb hypothesis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6875. [PMID: 35477737 PMCID: PMC9046152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10869-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As metagenomic approaches for detecting infectious agents have improved, each tissue that was once thought to be sterile has been found to harbor a variety of microorganisms. Controversy still exists over the status of amniotic fluid, which is part of an immunologically privileged zone that is required to prevent maternal immune system rejection of the fetus. Due to this privilege, the exclusion of microbes has been proposed to be mandatory, leading to the sterile womb hypothesis. Since nucleic acid yields from amniotic fluid are very low, contaminating nucleic acid found in water, reagents and the laboratory environment frequently confound attempts to address this hypothesis. Here we present metagenomic criteria for microorganism detection and a metagenomic method able to be performed with small volumes of starting material, while controlling for exogenous contamination, to circumvent these and other pitfalls. We use this method to show that human mid-gestational amniotic fluid has no detectable virome or microbiome, supporting the sterile womb hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- HanChen Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gui Xiang Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuxiang Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,CureImmune Therapeutics Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patricia Lam
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Center for Gene Therapy, Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Karan Sangha
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dawn Siciliano
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anne Swenerton
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruth Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Contextual Genomics Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter Tilley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter Von Dadelszen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shirin Kalyan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Patrick Tang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - Millan S Patel
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. .,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak St., Rm. C234, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada.
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32
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Seidel CL, Gerlach RG, Weider M, Wölfel T, Schwarz V, Ströbel A, Schmetzer H, Bogdan C, Gölz L. Influence of probiotics on the periodontium, the oral microbiota and the immune response during orthodontic treatment in adolescent and adult patients (ProMB Trial): study protocol for a prospective, double-blind, controlled, randomized clinical trial. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:148. [PMID: 35477563 PMCID: PMC9044659 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances is often necessary to correct malocclusions in adolescence or adulthood. However, oral hygiene is complicated by appliances, and prior studies indicate that they may trigger oral inflammation and dysbiosis of the oral microbiota, especially during the first 3 months after insertion, and, thus, may present a risk for inflammatory oral diseases. In recent periodontal therapeutic studies, probiotics have been applied to improve clinical parameters and reduce local inflammation. However, limited knowledge exists concerning the effects of probiotics in orthodontics. Therefore, the aim of our study is to evaluate the impact of probiotics during orthodontic treatment. Methods This study is a monocentric, randomized, double blind, controlled clinical study to investigate the effectiveness of daily adjuvant use of Limosilactobacillus reuteri (Prodentis®-lozenges, DSM 17938, ATCC PTA 5289) versus control lozenges during the first three months of orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Following power analysis, a total of 34 adolescent patients (age 12–17) and 34 adult patients (18 years and older) undergoing orthodontic treatment at the University Hospital Erlangen will be assigned into 2 parallel groups using a randomization plan for each age group. The primary outcome measure is the change of the gingival index after 4 weeks. Secondary outcomes include the probing pocket depth, the modified plaque index, the composition of the oral microbiota, the local cytokine expression and—only for adults—serum cytokine levels and the frequencies of cells of the innate and adaptive immune system in peripheral blood. Discussion Preventive strategies in everyday orthodontic practice include oral hygiene instructions and regular dental cleaning. Innovative methods, like adjuvant use of oral probiotics, are missing. The aim of this study is to analyse, whether probiotics can improve clinical parameters, reduce inflammation and prevent dysbiosis of the oral microbiota during orthodontic treatment. If successful, this study will provide the basis for a new strategy of prophylaxis of oral dysbiosis-related diseases during treatment with fixed appliances. Trial registration This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov in two parts under the number NCT04598633 (Adolescents, registration date 10/22/2020), and NCT04606186 (Adults, registration date 10/28/2020).
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna L Seidel
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstr. 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Roman G Gerlach
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Weider
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstr. 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Theresa Wölfel
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstr. 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Vincent Schwarz
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstr. 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin Ströbel
- Center for Clinical Studies (CCS), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 12, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Helga Schmetzer
- Med III, University Hospital of Munich, Workgroup: Immune Modulation, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Bogdan
- Mikrobiologisches Institut-Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Wasserturmstraße 3/5, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lina Gölz
- Department of Orthodontics and Orofacial Orthopedics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen and Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstr. 11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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33
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Leaky Gum: The Revisited Origin of Systemic Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071079. [PMID: 35406643 PMCID: PMC8997512 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is the gateway for microorganisms into your body where they disseminate not only to the directly connected respiratory and digestive tracts but also to the many remote organs. Oral microbiota, travelling to the end of the intestine and circulating in our bodies through blood vessels, not only affect a gut microbiome profile but also lead to many systemic diseases. By gathering information accumulated from the era of focal infection theory to the age of revolution in microbiome research, we propose a pivotal role of “leaky gum”, as an analogy of “leaky gut”, to underscore the importance of the oral cavity in systemic health. The oral cavity has unique structures, the gingival sulcus (GS) and the junctional epithelium (JE) below the GS, which are rarely found anywhere else in our body. The JE is attached to the tooth enamel and cementum by hemidesmosome (HD), which is structurally weaker than desmosome and is, thus, vulnerable to microbial infiltration. In the GS, microbial biofilms can build up for life, unlike the biofilms on the skin and intestinal mucosa that fall off by the natural process. Thus, we emphasize that the GS and the JE are the weakest leaky point for microbes to invade the human body, making the leaky gum just as important as, or even more important than, the leaky gut.
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34
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Parhi L, Abed J, Shhadeh A, Alon-Maimon T, Udi S, Ben-Arye SL, Tam J, Parnas O, Padler-Karavani V, Goldman-Wohl D, Yagel S, Mandelboim O, Bachrach G. Placental colonization by Fusobacterium nucleatum is mediated by binding of the Fap2 lectin to placentally displayed Gal-GalNAc. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110537. [PMID: 35320712 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
While the existence of an indigenous placental microbiota remains controversial, several pathogens are known to be involved in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Fusobacterium nucleatum is an oral bacterium that is one of several bacteria associated with preterm birth. Oral fusobacteria translocate to the placenta hematogenously; however, the mechanisms localizing them to the placenta remain unclear. Here, using peanut agglutinin, we demonstrate that the level of Gal-GalNAc (Galβ1-3GalNAc; Thomsen Friedenreich antigen) found on trophoblasts facing entering maternal blood rises during gestation and is recognized by the fusobacterial Fap2 Gal-GalNAc lectin. F. nucleatum binding to human and mouse placenta correlates with Gal-GalNAc levels and is reduced upon O-glycanase treatment or with soluble Gal-GalNAc. Fap2-inactivated F. nucleatum shows reduced binding to Gal-GalNAc-displaying placental sections. In a mouse model, intravenously injected Fap2-expressing F. nucleatum, but not a Fap2 mutant, reduces mouse fetal survival by 70%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishay Parhi
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Jawad Abed
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Amjad Shhadeh
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Tamar Alon-Maimon
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Shiran Udi
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Shani Leviatan Ben-Arye
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Oren Parnas
- Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Vered Padler-Karavani
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Debra Goldman-Wohl
- Magda and Richard Hoffman Center for Human Placenta Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Simcha Yagel
- Magda and Richard Hoffman Center for Human Placenta Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 91240, Israel
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- Department of Immunology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
| | - Gilad Bachrach
- The Institute of Dental Sciences, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel.
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35
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Abstract
The link between oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes has been suggested by numerous epidemiological studies. More recent studies indicate the relationship between severity of periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Two virulence mechanisms are proposed: direct invasion of oral microorganisms or their components into the fetal-placenta unit and inflammatory mediators produced in the oral cavity affecting the fetal-placenta unit. While interventional periodontal therapy still yielded contradictory results, animal studies suggest that maternal supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids protects the fetus by suppressing inflammation as well as bacteria proliferation in the placenta. This article reviews the recent epidemiological, mechanistic, interventional, and therapeutic studies of oral health and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biyang Xu
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yiping W Han
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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36
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Hajishengallis G, Li X, Divaris K, Chavakis T. Maladaptive trained immunity and clonal hematopoiesis as potential mechanistic links between periodontitis and inflammatory comorbidities. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:215-230. [PMID: 35244943 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is bidirectionally associated with systemic inflammatory disorders. The prevalence and severity of this oral disease and linked comorbidities increases with aging. Here, we review two newly emerged concepts, trained innate immunity (TII) and clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which together support a potential hypothesis on how periodontitis affects and is affected by comorbidities and why the susceptibility to periodontitis and comorbidities increases with aging. Given that chronic diseases are largely triggered by the action of inflammatory immune cells, modulation of their bone marrow precursors, the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), may affect multiple disorders that emerge as comorbidities. Such alterations in HSPCs can be mediated by TII and/or CHIP, two non-mutually exclusive processes sharing a bias for enhanced myelopoiesis and production of innate immune cells with heightened proinflammatory potential. TII is a state of elevated immune responsiveness based on innate immune (epigenetic) memory. Systemic inflammation can initiate TII in the bone marrow via sustained rewiring of HSPCs, which thereby display a skewing toward the myeloid lineage, resulting in generation of hyper-reactive or "trained" myeloid cells. CHIP arises from aging-related somatic mutations in HSPCs, which confer a survival and proliferation advantage to the mutant HSPCs and give rise to an outsized fraction of hyper-inflammatory mutant myeloid cells in the circulation and tissues. This review discusses emerging evidence that supports the notion that TII and CHIP may underlie a causal and age-related association between periodontitis and comorbidities. A holistic mechanistic understanding of the periodontitis-systemic disease connection may offer novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for treating inflammatory comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimon Divaris
- Division of Pediatrics and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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37
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Chen Y, Huang Z, Tang Z, Huang Y, Huang M, Liu H, Ziebolz D, Schmalz G, Jia B, Zhao J. More Than Just a Periodontal Pathogen –the Research Progress on Fusobacterium nucleatum. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:815318. [PMID: 35186795 PMCID: PMC8851061 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.815318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a common oral opportunistic bacterium that can cause different infections. In recent years, studies have shown that F. nucleatum is enriched in lesions in periodontal diseases, halitosis, dental pulp infection, oral cancer, and systemic diseases. Hence, it can promote the development and/or progression of these conditions. The current study aimed to assess research progress in the epidemiological evidence, possible pathogenic mechanisms, and treatment methods of F. nucleatum in oral and systemic diseases. Novel viewpoints obtained in recent studies can provide knowledge about the role of F. nucleatum in hosts and a basis for identifying new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of F. nucleatum-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxin Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengming Tang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yisheng Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingshu Huang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bo Jia
- Department of Oral Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Jia, ; Jianjiang Zhao,
| | - Jianjiang Zhao
- Shenzhen Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Jia, ; Jianjiang Zhao,
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38
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Influence of Maternal Microbiome and Inflammatory Response in Preterm Birth: Recent Aspects of the Prevention of Preterm Birth. MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/microbiolres13010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is a global health issue and one of the most challenging problems affecting 12.9 million births worldwide. PTB is a multi-etiological disease and remains incompletely understood. The major cause of PTB is infection or inflammation and disruption of the vaginal microbiome, which affects the maternal immunologic response leading to PTB. The vaginal microbiome composition changes by a shift in the community are typically dominated by Lactobacillus during pregnancy. There are complex interactions between the maternal microbiome in pregnancy and the development of PTB, therefore, researchers have struggled to connect the maternal microbiome with the dysregulation of the maternal immune response in cases of PTB. The host microbiome affects alterations of the microorganisms with external stimuli such as disease, nutrition, immunity, and behavior. In this review, we discuss the complex association between the maternal microbiome and the risk of PTB and also focus on recent aspects of the prevention of PTB.
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39
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Wang X, Cheng MT, Chen ZP, Jiang YL, Ge YS, Xia R, Hou WT. Structural and biochemical analyses of the tetrameric carboxypeptidase S9Cfn from Fusobacterium nucleatum. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:1554-1563. [PMID: 34866611 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798321010810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most abundant bacteria in the human oral cavity, Fusobacterium nucleatum is closely involved in various oral diseases and is also a risk factor for other diseases. The peptidases of F. nucleatum can digest exogenous peptides into amino acids to satisfy its nutrient requirements. Here, a putative F. nucleatum peptidase, termed S9Cfn, which belongs to the S9C peptidase family was identified. Enzymatic activity assays combined with mass-spectrometric analysis revealed that S9Cfn is a carboxypeptidase, but not an aminopeptidase as previously annotated. The crystal structure of the S9Cfn tetramer was solved at 2.6 Å resolution and was found to contain a pair of oligomeric pores in the center. Structural analysis, together with site-directed mutagenesis and enzymatic activity assays, revealed a substrate-entrance tunnel that extends from each oligomeric pore to the catalytic triad, adjacent to which three conserved arginine residues are responsible for substrate binding. Moreover, comparison with other S9 peptidase structures indicated drastic conformational changes of the oligomeric pores during the catalytic cycle. Together, these findings increase the knowledge of this unique type of tetrameric carboxypeptidase and provide insight into the homeostatic control of microbiota in the human oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ting Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Peng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Liang Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Shu Ge
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Tao Hou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China
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Mooney EC, Holden SE, Xia XJ, Li Y, Jiang M, Banson CN, Zhu B, Sahingur SE. Quercetin Preserves Oral Cavity Health by Mitigating Inflammation and Microbial Dysbiosis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774273. [PMID: 34899728 PMCID: PMC8663773 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Failure to attenuate inflammation coupled with consequent microbiota changes drives the development of bone-destructive periodontitis. Quercetin, a plant-derived polyphenolic flavonoid, has been linked with health benefits in both humans and animals. Using a systematic approach, we investigated the effect of orally delivered Quercetin on host inflammatory response, oral microbial composition and periodontal disease phenotype. In vivo, quercetin supplementation diminished gingival cytokine expression, inflammatory cell infiltrate and alveolar bone loss. Microbiome analyses revealed a healthier oral microbial composition in Quercetin-treated versus vehicle-treated group characterized by reduction in the number of pathogenic species including Enterococcus, Neisseria and Pseudomonas and increase in the number of non-pathogenic Streptococcus sp. and bacterial diversity. In vitro, Quercetin diminished inflammatory cytokine production through modulating NF-κB:A20 axis in human macrophages following challenge with oral bacteria and TLR agonists. Collectively, our findings reveal that Quercetin supplement instigates a balanced periodontal tissue homeostasis through limiting inflammation and fostering an oral cavity microenvironment conducive of symbiotic microbiota associated with health. This proof of concept study provides key evidence for translational studies to improve overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C. Mooney
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sara E. Holden
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Xia-Juan Xia
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yajie Li
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Camille N. Banson
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Sinem Esra Sahingur
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Shahid M, Quinlivan JA, Peek M, Castaño-Rodríguez N, Mendz GL. Is there an association between the vaginal microbiome and first trimester miscarriage? A prospective observational study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 48:119-128. [PMID: 34761471 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine whether there are differences in the vaginal microbiome of women who miscarry compared to those who have normal pregnancy outcomes. METHODS Prospective observational study conducted at the Canberra Hospital, Australia, with 24 participant women in the first trimester of pregnancy. The vaginal microbiomes of the 24 women were characterized using sequencing analysis of the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene employing an Illumina MiSeq instrument with QIAGEN reagents. Vaginal microbiome data were correlated with pregnancy clinical metadata. RESULTS Ordination plots showed differences in the composition of microbiomes of women who miscarried and controls. In nulliparous women, Lactobacillus crispatus was the dominant bacterium in 50% of women. Lactobacillus iners was the dominant bacterium in 50% of women with a history of prior miscarriage and a miscarriage in the study compared to 15% (p = 0.011) in those with no history of miscarriage and no miscarriage in the study. There were significant differences in the number of operational taxonomic units and the richness of the microbiomes of women who miscarried compared to those who delivered at term. Eight taxa were found in different relative abundances in both groups of women. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated that the composition of the vaginal microbiome varies with pregnancy history. Also, there was a significant difference in the vaginal microbiomes between women who suffered miscarriage and those who continued to term delivery both in the overall microbiome populations and in the abundances of individual taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Shahid
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Julie A Quinlivan
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.,Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Peek
- School of Medicine and Surgery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - George L Mendz
- School of Medicine, Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Despins CA, Brown SD, Robinson AV, Mungall AJ, Allen-Vercoe E, Holt RA. Modulation of the Host Cell Transcriptome and Epigenome by Fusobacterium nucleatum. mBio 2021; 12:e0206221. [PMID: 34700376 PMCID: PMC8546542 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02062-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen with an emerging role as an oncomicrobe in colorectal cancer and other cancer settings. F. nucleatum can adhere to and invade host cells in a manner that varies across F. nucleatum strains and host cell phenotypes. Here, we performed pairwise cocultures between three F. nucleatum strains and two immortalized primary host cell types (human colonic epithelial [HCE] cells and human carotid artery endothelial [HCAE] cells) followed by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to investigate transcriptional and epigenetic host cell responses. We observed that F. nucleatum-induced host cell transcriptional modulation involves strong upregulation of genes related to immune migration and inflammatory processes, such as TNF, CXCL8, CXCL1, and CCL20. Furthermore, we identified genes strongly upregulated in a cell line-specific manner. In HCE cells, overexpressed genes included UBD and DUOX2/DUOXA2, associated with p53 degradation-mediated proliferation and intestinal reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, respectively. In HCAE cells, overexpressed genes included EFNA1 and LIF, two genes commonly upregulated in colorectal cancer and associated with poor patient outcomes, and PTGS2 (COX2), a gene associated with the protective effect of aspirin in the colorectal cancer setting. Interestingly, we also observed downregulation of numerous histone modification genes upon F. nucleatum exposure. We used the ChIP-seq data to annotate chromatin states genome wide and found significant chromatin remodeling following F. nucleatum exposure in HCAE cells, with increased frequencies of active enhancer and low-signal/quiescent states. Thus, our results highlight increased inflammation and chemokine gene expression as conserved host cell responses to F. nucleatum exposure and extensive host cell epigenomic changes specific to host cell type. IMPORTANCE Fusobacterium nucleatum is a bacterium normally found in the healthy oral cavity but also has an emerging role in colorectal cancer and other cancer settings. The host-microbe interactions of F. nucleatum and its involvement in tumor initiation, progression, and treatment resistance are not fully understood. We explored host cell changes that occur in response to F. nucleatum. We identified key genes differentially expressed in response to various conditions of F. nucleatum exposure and determined that the conserved host cell response to F. nucleatum was dominated by increased inflammation and chemokine gene expression. Additionally, we found extensive host cell epigenomic changes as a novel aspect of host modulation associated with F. nucleatum exposure. These results extend our understanding of F. nucleatum as an emerging pathogen and highlight the importance of considering strain heterogeneity and host cell phenotypic variation when exploring pathogenic mechanisms of F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A. Despins
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Scott D. Brown
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Avery V. Robinson
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew J. Mungall
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emma Allen-Vercoe
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert A. Holt
- Canada’s Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Sedghi L, DiMassa V, Harrington A, Lynch SV, Kapila YL. The oral microbiome: Role of key organisms and complex networks in oral health and disease. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:107-131. [PMID: 34463991 PMCID: PMC8457218 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
States of oral health and disease reflect the compositional and functional capacities of, as well as the interspecies interactions within, the oral microbiota. The oral cavity exists as a highly dynamic microbial environment that harbors many distinct substrata and microenvironments that house diverse microbial communities. Specific to the oral cavity, the nonshedding dental surfaces facilitate the development of highly complex polymicrobial biofilm communities, characterized not only by the distinct microbes comprising them, but cumulatively by their activities. Adding to this complexity, the oral cavity faces near-constant environmental challenges, including those from host diet, salivary flow, masticatory forces, and introduction of exogenous microbes. The composition of the oral microbiome is shaped throughout life by factors including host genetics, maternal transmission, as well as environmental factors, such as dietary habits, oral hygiene practice, medications, and systemic factors. This dynamic ecosystem presents opportunities for oral microbial dysbiosis and the development of dental and periodontal diseases. The application of both in vitro and culture-independent approaches has broadened the mechanistic understandings of complex polymicrobial communities within the oral cavity, as well as the environmental, local, and systemic underpinnings that influence the dynamics of the oral microbiome. Here, we review the present knowledge and current understanding of microbial communities within the oral cavity and the influences and challenges upon this system that encourage homeostasis or provoke microbiome perturbation, and thus contribute to states of oral health or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Sedghi
- Department of Orofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vincent DiMassa
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anthony Harrington
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Susan V. Lynch
- Department of MedicineUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Yvonne L. Kapila
- Department of Orofacial SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
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Heusler M, Einenkel R, Ehrhardt J, Muzzio DO, Zygmunt M. Low Abundance Fusobacterium Nucleatum Supports Early Pregnancy Development - An In Vitro Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698045. [PMID: 34531854 PMCID: PMC8438310 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy success depends greatly on a balanced immune homeostasis. The detection of bacterial components in the upper reproductive tract in non-pregnant and pregnant women raised questions on its possible beneficial role in reproductive health. The local conditions that allow the presence of bacteria to harmonize with the establishment of pregnancy are still unknown. Among the described bacterial species in endometrial and placental samples, Fusobacterium nucleatum was found. It has been observed that F. nucleatum can induce tumorigenesis in colon carcinoma, a process that shares several features with embryo implantation. We propose that low concentrations of F. nucleatum may improve trophoblast function without exerting destructive responses. Inactivated F. nucleatum and E. coli were incubated with the trophoblastic cell lines HTR8/SVneo, BeWo, and JEG-3. Viability, proliferation, migratory capacity, invasiveness and the secretion of chemokines, other cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were assessed. The presence of F. nucleatum significantly induced HTR8/SVneo invasion, accompanied by the secretion of soluble mediators (CXCL1, IL-6 and IL-8) and metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9). However, as concentrations of F. nucleatum increased, these did not improve invasiveness, hindered migration, reduced cell viability and induced alterations in the cell cycle. Part of the F. nucleatum effects on cytokine release were reverted with the addition of a TLR4 blocking antibody. Other effects correlated with the level of expression of E-cadherin on the different cell lines tested. Low amounts of F. nucleatum promote invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells and induce the secretion of important mediators for pregnancy establishment. Some effects were independent of LPS and correlated with the expression of E-cadherin on trophoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Heusler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rebekka Einenkel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jens Ehrhardt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Damián Oscar Muzzio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marek Zygmunt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Wang S, Liu Y, Li J, Zhao L, Yan W, Lin B, Guo X, Wei Y. Fusobacterium nucleatum Acts as a Pro-carcinogenic Bacterium in Colorectal Cancer: From Association to Causality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:710165. [PMID: 34490259 PMCID: PMC8417943 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.710165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer worldwide with complex etiology. Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), an oral symbiotic bacterium, has been linked with CRC in the past decade. A series of gut microbiota studies show that CRC patients carry a high abundance of F. nucleatum in the tumor tissue and fecal, and etiological studies have clarified the role of F. nucleatum as a pro-carcinogenic bacterium in various stages of CRC. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics of F. nucleatum and the epidemiological associations between F. nucleatum and CRC, and then highlight the mechanisms by which F. nucleatum participates in CRC progression, metastasis, and chemoresistance by affecting cancer cells or regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). We also discuss the research gap in this field and give our perspective for future studies. These findings will pave the way for manipulating gut F. nucleatum to deal with CRC in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Baiqiang Lin
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunwei Wei
- Department of Oncological and Endoscopic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Guz M, Jeleniewicz W, Malm A, Korona-Glowniak I. A Crosstalk between Diet, Microbiome and microRNA in Epigenetic Regulation of Colorectal Cancer. Nutrients 2021; 13:2428. [PMID: 34371938 PMCID: PMC8308570 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A still growing interest between human nutrition in relation to health and disease states can be observed. Dietary components shape the composition of microbiota colonizing our gastrointestinal tract which play a vital role in maintaining human health. There is a strong evidence that diet, gut microbiota and their metabolites significantly influence our epigenome, particularly through the modulation of microRNAs. These group of small non-coding RNAs maintain cellular homeostasis, however any changes leading to impaired expression of miRNAs contribute to the development of different pathologies, including neoplastic diseases. Imbalance of intestinal microbiota due to diet is primary associated with the development of colorectal cancer as well as other types of cancers. In the present work we summarize current knowledge with particular emphasis on diet-microbiota-miRNAs axis and its relation to the development of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Guz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Witold Jeleniewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Malm
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (I.K.-G.)
| | - Izabela Korona-Glowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (A.M.); (I.K.-G.)
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47
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Ishihara T, Yanagi H, Oki M, Ozawa H. Fusobacterium necrophorum pelvic peritonitis and bacteremia mimicking intestinal necrosis. IDCases 2021; 24:e01134. [PMID: 34012772 PMCID: PMC8113991 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2021.e01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium necrophorum infection is known to cause Lemierre's syndrome, not pelvic peritonitis. Herein, we report a case of Fusobacterium necrophorum pelvic peritonitis and bacteremia, without Lemierre's syndrome, mimicking intestinal necrosis. A 28-year-old woman with peritoneal irritation and shock was suspected of having intestinal necrosis due to the presence of hepatoportal venous gas and pneumatosis intestinalis. Intestinal necrosis was ruled out by emergency laparotomy. However, massive opaque ascites and inflammatory changes in the uterus and fallopian tubes were observed. Fusobacterium necrophorum and Gardnerella vaginalis were found in ascetic fluid cultures. Moreover, Fusobacterium necrophorum was also found in blood culture. Systemic management of septic shock and antibiotic treatment improved the patient's general condition and abnormal gas on imaging. The patient had untreated bacterial vaginosis prior to admission. Pelvic peritonitis caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum is extremely rare. However, it must be recognized to avoid its rapid development into severe onset mimicking intestinal necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Ishihara
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yanagi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masayuki Oki
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hideki Ozawa
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
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Jing X, Min C, Qi Yun L, Shun Qin H, Li Rui L, Jia L, Run Mei M. Toll-like receptor 2/4 inhibitors can reduce preterm birth in mice. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520933795. [PMID: 33100071 PMCID: PMC7604950 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520933795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Preterm birth (PTB) occurs in 5% to 18% of newborns. However, the underlying inflammatory mechanisms have not been elucidated. Methods We established a mouse model of infection-associated PTB. Physical signs in pregnant mice with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment were observed, and the frequencies of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2- and TLR4-positive CD11b+ cells were analyzed. Cytokine levels in plasma and pathological changes were assessed following LPS treatment. A rescue experiment was used to probe potential immunologic mechanisms underlying PTB. Results Lymphocyte infiltration could be observed in the placentas of mice following intrauterine injection with LPS. The percentage of inflammatory cells decreased 12 hours after treatment. Moreover, TLR2 and TLR4 expression in peripheral blood cells was significantly increased 4 hours after intraperitoneal injection of LPS. Peak TLR2 and TLR4 expression in peripheral blood cells occurred 8 hours post-treatment. TLR4 and TLR-2/4 inhibitors reduced levels of interleukin-10, interferon-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-α in peripheral blood and delayed PTB. Conclusions TLR2 and TLR4 inhibition could play important roles in PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jing
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chen Min
- Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu Qi Yun
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hu Shun Qin
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Li Rui
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Jia
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ma Run Mei
- First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Dahlstrand Rudin A, Khamzeh A, Venkatakrishnan V, Basic A, Christenson K, Bylund J. Short chain fatty acids released by Fusobacterium nucleatum are neutrophil chemoattractants acting via free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2). Cell Microbiol 2021; 23:e13348. [PMID: 33913592 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative and anaerobic oral commensal that is implicated in inflammatory conditions of the tooth-supporting structures, that is, periodontal diseases. One of the main characteristics of these conditions is an accumulation of neutrophil granulocytes in the gingival pockets where bacteria reside. Neutrophils are recruited to tissue-residing microbes by gradients of bacteria derived chemoattractants, and the cellular migration over the pocket epithelium into the gingival pocket is likely governed by chemoattractants released by the amino acid fermenting anaerobes typically colonising this site. However, the chemoattractants released by F. nucleatum and other oral anaerobes have long been unidentified. In the present study, we show that the major chemoattractants released during the growth of F. nucleatum are short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily acetate and butyrate. These SCFAs, that are released at high levels as end-products of the metabolism of F. nucleatum, trigger chemotaxis of human neutrophils, as well as cytosolic Ca2+ signals, via free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2). This finding establishes the SCFA-FFAR2 interaction as an important mechanism in the recruitment of neutrophils to the periodontal pocket, but could also be of importance in the pathogenesis of other medical conditions involving colonisation/infection of F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Dahlstrand Rudin
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Arsham Khamzeh
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vignesh Venkatakrishnan
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amina Basic
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Christenson
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Bylund
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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50
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Park JY, Lee TS, Noh EJ, Jang AR, Ahn JH, Kim DY, Jung DH, Song EJ, Lee YJ, Lee YJ, Lee SK, Park JH. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 contributes to host innate immune responses against Fusobacterium nucleatum in macrophages and decidual stromal cells. Am J Reprod Immunol 2021; 86:e13403. [PMID: 33580557 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Chorioamnionitis is caused by a bacterial infection that ascends from the vagina and can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is a periodontal pathogen associated with the occurrence of APOs. In this study, we evaluated whether receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (Ripk2), an adaptor protein of the cytosolic receptors nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)1 and NOD2, in macrophages and human decidual stromal cells (hDSCs) contributes to immune responses against F. nucleatum. METHOD OF STUDY Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) isolated from wild-type (WT) and Ripk2-deficient mice and hDSCs were cultured with F. nucleatum (MOI 1, 10, 100). BMDMs and hDSCs were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot analysis, real-time PCR, and nitrite assay. RESULTS Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced production of IL-6, but not of TNF-α and IL-10, was lower in Ripk2-deficient BMDMs than in WT cells. Western blotting revealed a decrease in F. nucleatum-induced p65 phosphorylation in Ripk2-deficient macrophages, whereas mitogen-activated protein kinases activation was comparable between WT and Ripk2-deficient cells. The production of nitric oxide (NO) in response to F. nucleatum and the gene and protein expression of inducible NO synthase was impaired in Ripk2-deficient BMDMs. In hDSCs, F. nucleatum upregulated the gene and protein expression of NOD1, NOD2, and Ripk2 in a time-dependent manner. F. nucleatum also increased the production of IL-6, CXCL8, and CCL2, whereas this production was decreased by the Ripk2 inhibitors SB203580 and PP2. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, Ripk2 signaling appears to contribute to the F. nucleatum-induced immune response and can be a preventive and therapeutic target against APOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Jeong Noh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Ra Jang
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hun Ahn
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyeon Jung
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Song
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Ki Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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