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Somers C, Kevern C, Moore EWG, Centeio EE, Kulik N, Piotter B, Garn A, McCaughtry N. Emotion-Driven Eating and Overeating Among Fourth Graders: The Roles of Body Image, Academic Achievement, and Peer and School Factors. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:317-326. [PMID: 37563487 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating patterns such as breakfast consumption and fruit and vegetable intake have been associated with academic achievement and cognitive function. METHOD The purpose of this study was to learn more about psychological (emotion-driven eating) and behavioral (over-eating) eating patterns and motives, and the roles of body image, academic achievement (reading and math), and social supports (peer acceptance and school attachment), among 378 fourth-grade students (55% boys) from 14 classrooms across 6 schools within a large Midwestern urban area. RESULTS Results were analyzed through a 2-group (male and female) path analysis. Boys' overeating (R2 = 9%) was not significantly predicted. Their emotional eating (R2 = 22.2%) was negatively, significantly predicted by peer acceptance and interaction of peer acceptance and school attachment. Girls' overeating (R2 = 13.6%) was negatively, significantly predicted by positive body image. Girls' emotional eating (R2 = 24.1%) was negatively significantly predicted by positive body image, math scores, and peer acceptance. CONCLUSIONS Boys' and girls' eating patterns are differentially affected by their school experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Somers
- Educational Psychology, Center for Health & Community Impact, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Carla Kevern
- Counseling Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | | | - Erin E Centeio
- Kinesiology & Rehabilitation Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Noel Kulik
- Community Health, Center for Health & Community Impact, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Bridget Piotter
- North Central Ohio Educational Services Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
| | - Alex Garn
- Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA
| | - Nate McCaughtry
- Kinesiology, Health, & Sports Studies, Center for Health & Community, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI
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2
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Gong WJ, Fong DYT, Wang MP, Lam TH, Chung TWH, Ho SY. Skipping Breakfast and Eating Breakfast Away From Home Were Prospectively Associated With Emotional and Behavioral Problems in 115,217 Chinese Adolescents. J Epidemiol 2022; 32:551-558. [PMID: 34148915 PMCID: PMC9643789 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20210081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breakfast is deemed the most important meal of the day. We examined the prospective associations of breakfast habits with emotional/behavioral problems in adolescents and potential effect modification. METHODS 115,217 Primary 6 students (United States Grade 6; mean age, 11.9; standard deviation [SD], 0.59 years) who attended the Student Health Service of Department of Health in Hong Kong in 2004/05, 2006/07, 2008/09 were followed till Secondary 6 (United States Grade 12). Emotional/behavioral problems were biennially examined using Youth Self-Report since Secondary 2 (United States Grade 8). Lifestyles were biennially examined using standardized questionnaires since Primary 6. Prospective associations of breakfast habit with emotional/behavioral problems and potential effect modification were examined using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Compared with eating breakfast at home, eating breakfast away from home was significantly associated with total emotional/behavioral problems and seven syndromes, including withdrawal, somatic complaints, anxiety/depression, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behaviors, and aggressive behaviors (adjusted odds ratios [AORs] 1.22-2.04), while skipping breakfast showed stronger associations with the above problems and social problems (AORs 1.34-2.29). Stronger associations were observed in younger students for total and attention problems (P < 0.03) and in those with lower weight status for delinquent behaviors (P = 0.005). CONCLUSION Eating breakfast away from home and especially skipping breakfast were prospectively associated with adolescent emotional/behavioral problems. The associations weakened with increasing age for total emotional/behavioral and attention problems, and weakened with higher weight status for delinquent behaviors, highlighting the vulnerability of younger and underweight children. If the associations are causal, increasing home breakfast may reduce adolescent emotional/behavioral problems and benefit psychosocial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jie Gong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel Yee-Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Ping Wang
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tai-Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Sai-Yin Ho
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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3
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Cyberbullying victimization and disordered eating behaviors: The mediating roles of self-compassion and self-objectification. Appetite 2022; 178:106267. [PMID: 35961475 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the correlations between cyberbullying victimization and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents, however, limited attention has been paid to the long-term effects and underlying mechanisms, and studies focused on young adults are scarce. This study explored the association between cyberbullying victimization and disordered eating behaviors and the underlying mechanisms in a sample of young adults using a longitudinal design. A total of 955 Chinese young adults completed the Cyber Victim Subscale of the Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale, the Self-surveillance Subscale of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Self-compassion Scale-Short Form, and the Dutch Eating Behaviors Questionnaire three times with a 3-months interval. The results indicated that cyberbullying victimization was positively correlated with emotional eating and external eating after six months, but not with restrained eating. Moreover, self-compassion and self-objectification mediated the associations between cyberbullying victimization and the three kinds of disordered eating behaviors, however, in different ways. In the associations of cyberbullying victimization with restrained eating and external eating, the independent mediating effect of self-objectification and the serial mediating effect were significant, while in the association between cyberbullying victimization and emotional eating, only the independent mediating effect of self-compassion was significant. The findings indicated that the relations between cyberbullying with different kinds of disordered eating behaviors might have different mediation mechanisms, which sheds light on the prevention and intervention for disordered eating behaviors associated with cyberbullying in the future.
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Liu BP, Fang HJ, Jia CX. The Serial Mediation of the Association between Breakfast Skipping and Suicidality by Weight Status and Depressive Symptoms: Findings from the National Youth Risk Behavior Surveys of the United States. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14050956. [PMID: 35267931 PMCID: PMC8912887 DOI: 10.3390/nu14050956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The evidence is limited for the dose–response association between breakfast skipping and suicidality. The underlying pathway from breakfast skipping to suicidality has also rarely been explored in previous studies. Methods: The data of Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBSs) of the United States from 2011 to 2019 were used with a sample size of 74,074. The male: female ratio was nearly 1:1. Binary logistic regression models with complex sampling design were adopted to show the effect of breakfast skipping on weight status, depressive symptoms, and suicidality. Serial mediation was used to explore the association between breakfast skipping and suicidality by overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms. Findings: The weighted prevalence rates (95% confidence interval) of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and medically serious suicide attempt for skipping breakfast totally (0 times/week) were 25.6% (24.4–26.8%), 21.7% (20.5–22.9%), 14.2% (13.0–15.3%), and 5.3% (4.6–5.9%). Breakfast skipping was significantly associated with increased risk of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt, and medically serious suicide attempt. There was statistical significance for the linear dose–response association between breakfast skipping and overweight/obesity, depressive symptoms, and suicidality regardless of sex and age. A serial mediation with effect sizes between 39.68% and 51.30% for the association between breakfast skipping and suicidality by overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms was found in this study. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the hazards of breakfast skipping, which could increase the risk of suicidality among adolescents. Overweight/obesity and depressive symptoms as the mediating factors for the association between breakfast skipping and suicidality should also be with more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Peng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Hui-Juan Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China;
| | - Cun-Xian Jia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- Correspondence:
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5
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Özdemir EZ, Bektaş M. The Effects of Self-Efficacy and Locus of Control on Cyberbully/Victim Status in Adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 61:e15-e21. [PMID: 33892999 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study adopted a descriptive and correlational investigation of the effect of self-efficacy and locus of control on becoming a cyberbully and victim in adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS Data were collected through the Socio-Demographic Data Collection Form, Middle School Self-Efficacy Scale, Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and Cyberbully/Victim Scale. Whether self-efficacy and locus of control levels predicted becoming a cyberbully and victim was analyzed through multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS This study found that the sub-dimensions of self-efficacy and locus of control scales significantly predicted cyberbully and victim becoming. Self-efficacy and locus of control explained 16.8% and 12.8% of the variance in becoming a cyberbully, respectively. The sub-dimension of protective healthcare and family relationships significantly predicted the becoming of both a cyberbully and a cyber victim. Furthermore, it predicted that peer relationships and interpersonal predicted cyberbully status (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study found that self-efficacy and locus of control significantly affected the becoming of a cyberbully and victim. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Interventional studies involving self-efficacy and locus of control to prevent cyberbullying are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Zahide Özdemir
- Dokuz Eylul University Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Turkey.
| | - Murat Bektaş
- Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Pediatric Nursing, Turkey.
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6
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Ramos Salazar L. Cyberbullying Victimization as a Predictor of Cyberbullying Perpetration, Body Image Dissatisfaction, Healthy Eating and Dieting Behaviors, and Life Satisfaction. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:354-380. [PMID: 29294894 DOI: 10.1177/0886260517725737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyberbullying victimization and perpetration continues to be a serious public health, criminal justice, victimology, and educational problem in middle schools in the United States. Adolescents are at a higher risk of experiencing cyberbullying as a victim and/or as a bully given the frequency of their use of the Internet via social networking sites such as Facebook and mobile devices such as cell phones and tablets. To address this important problem, the purpose of this investigation was to examine cyberbullying victimization through communication technology as a predictor of cyberbullying perpetration, body image, healthy eating and dieting behaviors, and life satisfaction of sixth-, seventh-, and eighth-grade-level middle school students. The World Health Organization recruited participants by using a Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey. In this in-class questionnaire, 6,944 middle school students were asked about their cyberbullying experiences as a victim and as a bully via Internet, email, and mobile communication technologies to obtain their evaluations of their body image, eating and dieting habits, and perceptions of life satisfaction. After controlling for demographic factors such as sex, age, and class level, this study found that cyberbullying victimization was a predictor of cyberbullying perpetration, body image dissatisfaction, dieting behaviors, and life satisfaction. However, this study did not find a correlation between cyberbullying victimization and students' healthy eating behaviors. This study also discussed each of the findings in the context of previous research findings. In addition, the study provides the strengths, limitations, and future directions for the future examination of cyberbullying victimization in middle schools.
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7
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McCabe EM, Strauss SM. Risk Factors Associated With Bullying at School and Electronic Bullying in U.S. Adolescent Females With Asthma. J Sch Nurs 2020; 38:380-386. [PMID: 32856550 DOI: 10.1177/1059840520951635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although adolescent females with asthma are at increased risk for bullying, relationships between bullying at school and electronic bullying and demographics, mental health issues, and substance use have not specifically been studied in these young women. The purpose of this research was to examine such relationships among adolescent females with asthma. Complex sampling software was used to extrapolate frequencies and χ2 analyses to adolescent females with asthma. In this U.S. sample of adolescent females with asthma (n = 1,634), younger age, mental health issues, and substance use were significantly related to bullying at school and electronic bullying, while race/ethnicity and grade in school were significantly related only to bullying at school. In general, findings are consistent with previous research regarding relationships between bullying and risk factors among all U.S. adolescent females. Guidance by school nurses is needed to create effective supports for victimization reduction in this vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M McCabe
- Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, 5924Hunter College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shiela M Strauss
- Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, 5924Hunter College, New York, NY, USA.,New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Prevalence and associated factors of skipping breakfast among university students from 28 countries: a cross-sectional study. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 34:97-103. [PMID: 32549169 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Skipping breakfast can negatively affect one's health. Objective The study aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of skipping breakfast among university students in 28 countries. Methods Using a cross-sectional study design, 21,958 university students with a median age of 20 years from 28 mainly low - and middle-income countries, replied to self-reported measures of breakfast consumption, health risk behaviours, mental health measures and protective factors. Results Indicates that 48.0% of students skipped breakfast (never, rarely or sometimes had breakfast). In adjusted multinomial logistic regression, living away from home, perceived overweight, inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, physical inactivity, short sleep, long sleep, depression and in a physical fight were associated with infrequent and/or frequent skipping breakfast. Conclusion Almost two in five students skipped breakfast, and several factors were identified that can be targeted in intervention programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.,Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Turfloop, South Africa
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9
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Tanaka M, Hashimoto K. Impact of consuming green and yellow vegetables on the depressive symptoms of junior and senior high school students in Japan. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211323. [PMID: 30730901 PMCID: PMC6366731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescent depression is a significant public health concern. Although skipping breakfast is associated with depressive symptoms in adolescents, the effects of dietary patterns on their depressive symptoms remain unknown. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether dietary patterns are associated with depressive symptoms among junior and senior high school students in Japan. A total of 441 junior high school students and 417 senior high school students participated in this study. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) was used to measure the participants' depressive symptoms. We surveyed the participants' breakfast consumption pattern, as well as their general dietary patterns (meat, fish, green and yellow vegetables, milk and dairy products, and fruits), using a self-report questionnaire. The results indicated that the senior high school students had a significantly higher CES-D score than the junior high school students. We found negative and significant partial correlations between regular consumption of breakfast and depressive symptoms, and between regular consumption of green and yellow vegetables and depressive symptoms in both junior and senior high school students, after controlling for age, sex, and sleep duration. Furthermore, a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that adolescents who consumed green and yellow vegetables every day (one or more times per day) had significantly lower depressive symptoms than those from the "Never/1-2 times a week" group. The findings of this study reveal that the regular consumption of green and yellow vegetables is associated with lower depressive symptoms in adolescents, that is, the consumption of green and yellow vegetables may be vital in the context of adolescents' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Tanaka
- Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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10
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Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Chaput JP, Hamilton HA, Colman I. Bullying involvement, psychological distress, and short sleep duration among adolescents. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2018; 53:1371-1380. [PMID: 30167732 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-018-1590-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has found links between involvement in bullying and sleep duration in adolescents. However, little is known about the factors that might mediate these relationships. This study examined the associations between cyberbullying victimization and school bullying involvement (bully, victim, bully-victim) with short sleep duration in a large sample of middle and high school students and tested whether psychological distress mediates these relationships. METHODS Data on 5061 students (49% females; mean age = 15.1 years) from the 2015 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey were used. Participants self-reported their sleep duration and their levels of bullying involvement over the past year. Psychological distress was assessed using the Kessler 6 (K6) scale. Covariates in multiple linear regression analyses included age, sex, racial background, socioeconomic status, and substance use. RESULTS Being a victim of cyberbullying (β = - 1.179; 95% CI - 0.238; - 0.120) or school bullying (β = - 0.119; 95% CI - 0.190; - 0.049) was associated with short sleep duration. Mediation analyses suggested that psychological distress fully mediates the relationships between being cyberbullied, a school bullying victim or bully-victim with short sleep duration. There was a complementary mediation by psychological distress on the relationship between being a bully at school and short sleep duration. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that higher levels of bullying involvement place adolescents at risk of developing higher psychological distress which, in turn, can lead to short sleep duration. Longitudinal research is necessary to confirm the mediating role of psychological distress on the relationship between bullying involvement and short sleep duration among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Sampasa-Kanyinga
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada. .,Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hayley A Hamilton
- Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Crescent, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
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11
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Marco JH, Tormo-Irun MP, Galán-Escalante A, Gonzalez-García C. Is Cybervictimization Associated with Body Dissatisfaction, Depression, and Eating Disorder Psychopathology? CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2018; 21:611-617. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2018.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José H. Marco
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Poor Dietary Habits in Bullied Adolescents: The Moderating Effects of Diet on Depression. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15081569. [PMID: 30042364 PMCID: PMC6121603 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15081569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of bullying has increased dramatically during recent years, with numerous negative consequences for the health and quality of life of bullied adolescents. Although negative psychological consequences of this type of situation have been widely investigated, no previous research has evaluated the effects of bullying victimization on dietary habits, and its relationship with psychological outcomes, such as depression. For this reason, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between bullying, dietary habits, and depression in a sample of 527 Spanish adolescents. The results obtained showed that being bullied was correlated negatively with healthy dietary habits and positively with depression. Moderation analysis revealed dietary habits as moderator of the association between bullying and depression. These results underline the relevance of diet in the phenomenon of bullying, especially in victims, as could be related to the high levels of depression characteristic of this population. The inclusion of nutritional education in intervention programs oriented to victims of bullying might significantly improve their efficacy, reducing depression levels.
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13
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Hicks White AA, Pratt KJ, Cottrill C. The relationship between trauma and weight status among adolescents in eating disorder treatment. Appetite 2018; 129:62-69. [PMID: 29969660 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A relationship between trauma and eating disorders in adolescence is well established, though less is known about how different types of trauma, apart from childhood sexual abuse, associate with eating disorders. The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of various trauma types in a clinical sample of adolescents presenting at an outpatient eating disorder treatment facility (N = 182). Thirty-five percent of the sample reported experiencing one or more traumatic events during their lifetime. Bullying was the most prevalent type of trauma (10%), followed by significant death/loss (9%), and sexual abuse (8%). Adolescents with any trauma exposure had higher body mass index (BMI), BMI percentile, and percent expected body weight (%EBW) compared to those without any trauma exposure. Specifically, patients who were exposed to bullying and domestic violence reported a significantly higher %EBW than those who were not exposed. On average, adolescents exposed to bullying had a %EBW that was 7 percentage points higher than their non-exposed peers. Patients with bulimia nervosa were more likely to report trauma exposure than those with other eating disorder diagnosis. Providers working with adolescents diagnosed with eating disorders of all weight statuses should consider assessing for past and current trauma, including bullying and exposure to domestic violence. Trauma informed approaches to eating disorder treatment are needed to avoid potentially activating or exacerbating trauma related distress for adolescents in eating disorder treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Hicks White
- The Ohio State University, Department of Human Sciences, 1787 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 40210, USA.
| | - Keeley J Pratt
- Human Development and Family Science, The Ohio State University, Department of Human Sciences, 1787 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH, 40210, USA
| | - Casey Cottrill
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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14
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Bowser J, Larson JD, Bellmore A, Olson C, Resnik F. Bullying Victimization Type and Feeling Unsafe in Middle School. J Sch Nurs 2018; 34:256-262. [PMID: 29482426 DOI: 10.1177/1059840518760983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given their significance to school violence, this study quantifies the association between bullying victimization and perceptions of safety separately for victimization where the type is not specified versus victimization that is physical in nature. Generalized liner mixed modeling was employed with 5,138 sixth- to eighth-grade students in 24 schools who self-reported on their bullying victimization and perceptions of school safety on an anonymous survey in fall 2015. Results indicate a multiplicative interaction exists with regard to the odds of feeling unsafe at school among those who were bullied at all (odds ratio [ OR] = 3.1) compared to those who were bullied physically ( OR = 9.12). For school nurses who work with students with a variety of concerns and health issues, this research indicates that the use of bullying victimization as an outcome, proxy and/or predictor, requires inquiry into the type of bullying experienced to aid in the care and support received.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bowser
- 1 Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, Madison, WI, USA
| | - James D Larson
- 2 University of Wisconsin-Whitewater, Whitewater, WI, USA
| | - Amy Bellmore
- 3 University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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15
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Godin KM, Patte KA, Leatherdale ST. Examining Predictors of Breakfast Skipping and Breakfast Program Use Among Secondary School Students in the COMPASS Study. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2018; 88:150-158. [PMID: 29333646 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many Canadian schools offer breakfast programs; however, students' engagement in these programs is low, while breakfast skipping is highly prevalent among youth. This study examined whether the availability of breakfast programs supports adolescents' regular breakfast eating, and identified characteristics of breakfast skippers who are not using these programs. METHODS Data from 30,771 secondary school students from Ontario and Alberta, Canada, participating in Year 3 (2014-2015) of the COMPASS study were used for descriptive and logistic regression analyses. Participants were categorized by self-reported breakfast eating and school breakfast program use. RESULTS Sixteen percent of participants reported using school breakfast programs. Breakfast skipping was highly prevalent among participants, regardless of their breakfast program use. Characteristics significantly associated with program use included traveling to school via public transit or a school bus, being a bullying victim, and having a high school connectedness score. A desire to lose weight and non-involvement in school sports were significantly associated with being a "breakfast skipper/nonprogram user." CONCLUSIONS School breakfast programs do not consistently support regular breakfast eating, even among adolescents actively engaged in these programs. Future research should identify and evaluate practices to bolster participation in breakfast programs and promote regular breakfast eating among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn M Godin
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Karen A Patte
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Ahadi Z, Kelishadi R, Qorbani M, Zahedi H, Aram M, Motlagh ME, Ardalan G, Shafiee G, Arzaghi SM, Asayesh H, Heshmat R. Association of Breakfast Intake with Psychiatric Distress and Violent Behaviors in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The CASPIAN- IV Study. Indian J Pediatr 2016; 83:922-9. [PMID: 26935200 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-016-2049-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship of breakfast intake with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors among Iranian children and adolescents. METHODS This national survey was conducted among 14,880 students, aged 6-18 y. They were selected by stratified multistage sampling method from urban and rural areas of 30 provinces of Iran. Breakfast intake, psychiatric distress, and violent behaviors were assessed by a questionnaire prepared based on the Global school-based student health survey of the World Health Organization. The data were analyzed by the STATA package. RESULTS The participation rate was 90.6 %. The percentage of psychiatric distress among breakfast skippers, semi-skippers and non-skippers was 13.4-50.4, 10.1-41.9, and 7.0-33.3 % respectively. The prevalence of psychiatric distress was significantly higher among breakfast skippers than semi-skippers and non-skippers (P value < 0.001). The frequency of psychiatric distress had a significant decreasing trend from breakfast skippers to non-skippers. The prevalence of violent behaviors was significantly higher among breakfast skippers than non-skippers. Students who skipped breakfast reported to be more victimized (29.2 % vs. 26.7 %, respectively, P = 0.04), bullied (21.0 % vs. 16.2 %, respectively, P < 0.001), and had more physical fight (42.6 % vs. 38.5 %, respectively, P = 0.0001) than their other counterparts. CONCLUSIONS Students who regularly consumed breakfast were less likely to experience mental health disorders and violent behavior. Adhering to a regular and balanced diet, besides the awareness of parents on the importance of breakfast eating, may be an appropriate approach for preventing mental health problems and violent behavior in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Ahadi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, # 111, 19th St, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Department of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hoda Zahedi
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahtab Aram
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Gelayol Ardalan
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gita Shafiee
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Masoud Arzaghi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asayesh
- Department of Medical Emergencies, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Ramin Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, # 111, 19th St, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran.
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Leatherdale ST, Stefanczyk JM, Kirkpatrick SI. School Breakfast-Club Program Changes and Youth Eating Breakfast During the School Week in the COMPASS Study. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2016; 86:568-577. [PMID: 27374346 DOI: 10.1111/josh.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the importance of breakfast consumption, breakfast skipping is common among Canadian youth. This study examines how changes to school-based breakfast programs are associated with breakfast-skipping behavior. METHODS Using school-level longitudinal data from Year 1 (Y1 : 2012-2013) and Year 2 (Y2 : 2013-2014) of the COMPASS study, quasi-experimental methods evaluated the impact over time that changes to school-based breakfast programs had on breakfast skipping or participating in school-based breakfast program. RESULTS Between Y1 and Y2 , the school-level prevalence of breakfast skipping (54.5%-54.9%) and breakfast program participation (12.3%-13.6%) increased. Of the 43 participating schools, 5 implemented a new school breakfast program. Among the intervention schools, 1 school (School 4) observed a significant, and 1 school (School 3) observed a significant increase in the school-level prevalence of skipping breakfast; there was no significant change in the other 3 intervention schools. CONCLUSIONS Despite the availability of free school breakfast programs, the majority of youth skipped breakfast at least once a school week. Owing to the variation in the types of programs implemented, additional evaluation evidence is necessary to determine which students benefited the most from these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott T Leatherdale
- CIHR-PHAC Chair in Applied Public Health Research, School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, BMH 2321, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Jennifer M Stefanczyk
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, BMH 2321, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
| | - Sharon I Kirkpatrick
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave West, BMH 2321, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Relationships between bullying victimization psychological distress and breakfast skipping among boys and girls. Appetite 2015; 89:41-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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O'Neil CE, Byrd-Bredbenner C, Hayes D, Jana L, Klinger SE, Stephenson-Martin S. The role of breakfast in health: definition and criteria for a quality breakfast. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014; 114:S8-S26. [PMID: 25458994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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