1
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Matyjasiak P, Chacińska P, Książka P. Anthropogenic noise interacts with the predation risk assessment in a free-ranging bird. Curr Zool 2024; 70:277-283. [PMID: 39035757 PMCID: PMC11255998 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise can affect a number of behavioral, physiological, and ecological aspects of animals from major taxonomic groups, raising serious conservation concerns. For example, noise pollution impacts communicative behavior and perception of signals, movements and distribution, as well as predator-prey interactions, such as hunting success or predator detection and predation risk assessment. We have carried out an experimental playback study, in which we investigated whether exposure to anthropogenic noise (sound of a tractor) distracts free-ranging barn swallows Hirundo rustica from paying attention to an approaching human "predator" (the "cognitive distraction" hypothesis), or whether noise leads to increased responsiveness to this "predator" (the "increased threat" hypothesis). The subjects were male barn swallows attending their breeding territories during the time when the females were incubating. We found that barn swallow males initiated flight at significantly greater distances to the approaching human "predator" in the noise treatment than during the quiet control trials. These results suggest that anthropogenic noise causes increased vigilance and reactivity rather than a distraction, enabling birds to avoid the "predator" more quickly. We further discuss the mechanism behind the increased alertness in response to noise and contrast the "increased threat" mechanism, usually tested in previous studies, with an alternative "cognitive sensitization" mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Matyjasiak
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, PL-01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patrycja Chacińska
- Department of Environmental Acoustics, Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research Institute, Kolektorska 4, PL-01-692 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Książka
- Department of Environmental Acoustics, Institute of Environmental Protection—National Research Institute, Kolektorska 4, PL-01-692 Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Sobroza TV, Gordo M, Dunn JC, Pequeno PACL, Naissinger BM, Barnett APA. Pied tamarins change their vocal behavior in response to noise levels in the largest city in the Amazon. Am J Primatol 2024; 86:e23606. [PMID: 38340360 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Many animal species depend on sound to communicate with conspecifics. However, human-generated (anthropogenic) noise may mask acoustic signals and so disrupt behavior. Animals may use various strategies to circumvent this, including shifts in the timing of vocal activity and changes to the acoustic parameters of their calls. We tested whether pied tamarins (Saguinus bicolor) adjust their vocal behavior in response to city noise. We predicted that both the probability of occurrence and the number of long calls would increase in response to anthropogenic noise and that pied tamarins would temporally shift their vocal activity to avoid noisier periods. At a finer scale, we anticipated that the temporal parameters of tamarin calls (e.g., call duration and syllable repetition rate) would increase with noise amplitude. We collected information on the acoustic environment and the emission of long calls in nine wild pied tamarin groups in Manaus, Brazil. We found that the probability of long-call occurrence increased with higher levels of anthropogenic noise, though the number of long calls did not. The number of long calls was related to the time of day and the distance from home range borders-a proxy for the distance to neighboring groups. Neither long-call occurrence nor call rate was related to noise levels at different times of day. We found that pied tamarins decreased their syllable repetition rate in response to anthropogenic noise. Long calls are important for group cohesion and intergroup communication. Thus, it is possible that the tamarins emit one long call with lower syllable repetition, which might facilitate signal reception. The occurrence and quantity of pied tamarin' long calls, as well as their acoustic proprieties, seem to be governed by anthropogenic noise, time of the day, and social mechanisms such as proximity to neighboring groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tainara Venturini Sobroza
- Projeto Sauim-de-Coleira, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Centro de Estudos Integrados da Biodiversidade Amazônica- CENBAM/PPBio de Pesquisa de Mamíferos Amazônicos, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Mamíferos Amazônicos, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação e Uso de Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Boa Vista, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Gordo
- Projeto Sauim-de-Coleira, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Jacob C Dunn
- Department of Archaeology & Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Behavioural Ecology Research Group, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Adrian Paul Ashton Barnett
- Grupo de Pesquisa de Mamíferos Amazônicos, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, London, UK
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3
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Zhu B, Qu J, Cui J. Plateau pikas near roads are bold and silent when facing a potential predator. Curr Zool 2023; 69:552-558. [PMID: 37637317 PMCID: PMC10449412 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human disturbance, particularly road traffic, is one of the greatest threats to wildlife. Considering the association between alerting behavior and the survival of animals, it is important to study the effects of road traffic on alerting behavior of wildlife. Previous studies assessing the short-term impact of road traffic on alerting behavior of wildlife have focused on vigilance distances. However, studies on the use of alarm calls are scarce, and it is unclear whether such behavioral responses change after repeated exposure to road traffic. We assessed the alerting behavior of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) who were near or far from roads when facing a potential predator. We found that pikas near roads exhibited shorter vigilance and tolerance distances, and produced fewer alarm calls than those relatively far away from roads. Furthermore, both vigilance and tolerance distances of plateau pikas were significantly positively correlated with the distance from the burrow to the road. Road traffic reduced antipredator responses and shaped alerting behavior; that is, pikas near roads were bolder and more silent compared to those far away from roads. Our findings suggest that increasing urbanization will have corresponding effects on animal behavior, which may have significant fitness effects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiapeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
- Qinghai Haibei National Field Research Station of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Jianguo Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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4
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Diamant ES, MacGregor-Fors I, Blumstein DT, Yeh PJ. Urban birds become less fearful following COVID-19 reopenings. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231338. [PMID: 37608719 PMCID: PMC10445014 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, many people around the world stayed home, drastically altering human activity in cities. This exceptional moment provided researchers the opportunity to test how urban animals respond to human disturbance, in some cases testing fundamental questions on the mechanistic impact of urban behaviours on animal behaviour. However, at the end of this 'anthropause', human activity returned to cities. How might each of these strong shifts affect wildlife in the short and long term? We focused on fear response, a trait essential to tolerating urban life. We measured flight initiation distance-at both individual and population levels-for an urban bird before, during and after the anthropause to examine if birds experienced longer-term changes after a year and a half of lowered human presence. Dark-eyed juncos did not change fear levels during the anthropause, but they became drastically less fearful afterwards. These surprising and counterintuitive findings, made possible by following the behaviour of individuals over time, has led to a novel understanding that fear response can be driven by plasticity, yet not habituation-like processes. The pandemic-caused changes in human activity have shown that there is great complexity in how humans modify a behavioural trait fundamental to urban tolerance in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor S. Diamant
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ian MacGregor-Fors
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Lahti 00014, Finland
| | - Daniel T. Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pamela J. Yeh
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, USA
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5
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Spiga I. The acoustic response of snapping shrimp to synthetic impulsive acoustic stimuli between 50 and 600 Hz. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114238. [PMID: 36272322 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is growing concern that the noise from human activities in water may impact the detection and production of sound by aquatic animals. Snapping shrimp are sound producing crustaceans and their sound has biological and ecological importance. This paper investigated the effects of pulsed stimuli upon the acoustic behavior of these animals. Changes in snap frequency and duration were assessed before, during and after playbacks and at different levels. Acoustic analysis showed that the duration of the snaps increased significantly during playbacks, whereas the snap peak frequency significantly decreased compared to before and after exposure. Data also showed that when exposed to a sound pressure level equal and above to 130 re 1 μPa (computed particle motion 2.06 × 10-06 m/s), shrimp responded acoustically. The results suggested that the pulsed acoustic stimuli triggered a behavioral response that included more snapping from bigger animals and movements away from the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Spiga
- Marine Science, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, England, UK.
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6
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7
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Giordano A, Hunninck L, Sheriff MJ. Prey responses to predation risk under chronic road noise. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Giordano
- Biology Department University of Massachusetts Dartmouth North Dartmouth MA USA
| | - L. Hunninck
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana‐Champaign Urbana IL USA
| | - M. J. Sheriff
- Biology Department University of Massachusetts Dartmouth North Dartmouth MA USA
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8
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Chahouri A, Elouahmani N, Ouchene H. Recent progress in marine noise pollution: A thorough review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132983. [PMID: 34801565 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increase in urbanization and the progressive development of marine industries have led to the appearance of a new kind of pollution called "noise pollution". This pollution exerts an increasing pressure on marine mammals, fish species, and invertebrates, which constitutes a new debate that must be controlled in a sustainable way by environmental and noise approaches with the objective of preserving marine and human life. Despite, noise pollution can travel long distances underwater, cover large areas, and have secondary effects on marine animals; by masking their ability to hear their prey or predators, finding their way, or connecting group members. During the COVID-19 pandemic, except for the transportation of essential goods and emergency services, all the public transport services were suspended including aircraft and ships. This lockdown has impacted positively on the marine environment through reduction of the noise sources. In this article, we are interested in noise pollution in general, its sources, impacts, and the management and future actions to follow. And since this pollution is not studied in Morocco, we focused on the different sources that can generate it on the Moroccan coasts. This is the first review article, which focuses on the impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on this type of pollution in the marine environment; which we aim to identify the impact of this pandemic on underwater noise and marine species. Finally, and given the increase in noise levels, preventive management, both at the national and international level, is required before irreversible damage is caused to biodiversity and the marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Chahouri
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Nadia Elouahmani
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Hanan Ouchene
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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9
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Ortiz-Jiménez L, Iglesias-Merchan C, Martínez-Salazar AI, Barja I. Effect of intensity and duration of anthropic noises on European mink locomotor activity and fecal cortisol metabolite levels. Curr Zool 2022; 68:688-699. [PMID: 36743224 PMCID: PMC9892796 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human activities involving noise emission can affect wild animals. European mink was exposed to road noise and human voice playbacks to analyze how sound intensity level and duration of both noises altered the time that individuals were active and if their fecal cortisol metabolite (FCM) levels varied. A Hierarchical Analysis Cluster was performed to establish 2 mink groups with respect to both noise source type: short duration/low intensity (SL) and long duration/high intensity (LH). We performed general linear mixed models to evaluate the variation in locomotor activity duration (s) and FCM (nanogram per gram) levels, respectively. The results showed both road noise and human voices decreased locomotor activity duration in SL more sharply compared with LH, and human voices were the triggers that induced the most pronounced response to both exposure conditions. FCM (ng/g) levels increased in SL compared with LH during road noise while the opposite happened during human voices. Differences based on sex and age of individuals were observed. In conclusion, noise characteristics given by the sound type determined the variations in locomotor activity duration while noise exposure level determined the variations in FCM (ng/g) levels. Attention should be paid to noisy activities (e.g., recreational activities for visitors in protected natural areas) and loud groups of people to conserve wildlife, especially noise sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Iglesias-Merchan
- Department of Forest and Environmental Engineering and Management, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Itzel Martínez-Salazar
- Geographic Information Systems Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Isabel Barja
- Department of Biology, Zoology Unit, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28049, Spain,Biodiversity and Global Change Research Centre (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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10
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Dynamic visual noise promotes social attraction, but does not affect group size preference, in a shoaling fish. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Elmer LK, Madliger CL, Blumstein DT, Elvidge CK, Fernández-Juricic E, Horodysky AZ, Johnson NS, McGuire LP, Swaisgood RR, Cooke SJ. Exploiting common senses: sensory ecology meets wildlife conservation and management. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 9:coab002. [PMID: 33815799 PMCID: PMC8009554 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Multidisciplinary approaches to conservation and wildlife management are often effective in addressing complex, multi-factor problems. Emerging fields such as conservation physiology and conservation behaviour can provide innovative solutions and management strategies for target species and systems. Sensory ecology combines the study of 'how animals acquire' and process sensory stimuli from their environments, and the ecological and evolutionary significance of 'how animals respond' to this information. We review the benefits that sensory ecology can bring to wildlife conservation and management by discussing case studies across major taxa and sensory modalities. Conservation practices informed by a sensory ecology approach include the amelioration of sensory traps, control of invasive species, reduction of human-wildlife conflicts and relocation and establishment of new populations of endangered species. We illustrate that sensory ecology can facilitate the understanding of mechanistic ecological and physiological explanations underlying particular conservation issues and also can help develop innovative solutions to ameliorate conservation problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura K Elmer
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Christine L Madliger
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Daniel T Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, USA
| | - Chris K Elvidge
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | | | - Andrij Z Horodysky
- Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Hampton University, Hampton, VA 23668, USA
| | - Nicholas S Johnson
- USGS, Great Lakes Science Center, Hammond Bay Biological Station, Millersburg, MI 49759, USA
| | - Liam P McGuire
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ronald R Swaisgood
- Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, San Diego, CA 92027-7000, USA
| | - Steven J Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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12
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Jones IT, Peyla JF, Clark H, Song Z, Stanley JA, Mooney TA. Changes in feeding behavior of longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii) during laboratory exposure to pile driving noise. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 165:105250. [PMID: 33461106 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise can cause diverse changes in animals' behaviors, but effects on feeding behaviors are understudied, especially for key invertebrate taxa. With the offshore wind industry expanding, concern exists regarding potential impacts of pile driving noise on squid and other commercially and ecologically vital taxa. We investigated changes in feeding and alarm (defense) behaviors of squid, Doryteuthis pealeii, predating on killifish, Fundulus heteroclitus, during playbacks of pile driving noise recorded from wind farm construction within squids' habitat. Fewer squid captured killifish during noise exposure compared to controls. Squid had more failed predation attempts when noise was started during predation sequences. Alarm responses to noise were similar whether or not squid were hunting killifish, indicating similar vigilance to threat stimuli in these contexts. Additionally, novel hearing measurements on F. heteroclitus confirmed they could detect the noise. These results indicate noise can disrupt feeding behaviors of a key invertebrate species, and will leverage future studies on how noise may disrupt squids' vital ecological interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian T Jones
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology-Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, United States; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States.
| | - James F Peyla
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
| | - Hadley Clark
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
| | - Zhongchang Song
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
| | - Jenni A Stanley
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
| | - T Aran Mooney
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 266 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA, 02543, United States
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13
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Bent AM, Ings TC, Mowles SL. Anthropogenic noise disrupts mate choice behaviors in female Gryllus bimaculatus. Behav Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araa124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
By assessing the sexual signals produced by conspecifics, individuals can make informed decisions on the best choice of mate, which can lead to reproductive fitness benefits. However, these communication systems are often vulnerable to disruption by conflicting with stimuli present in the environment. Anthropogenic noise may act as one such disruptive stimulus, leading to inefficient mate choice decisions and, thus, reductions to an animal’s fitness. In this study, the mate choice behaviors of female Gryllus bimaculatus were tested when presented with artificial male courtship songs of differing “quality” under different acoustic conditions. In ambient noise conditions, females significantly preferred mates paired with higher-quality songs, indicated by increased mating rates and reduced latency to mate. However, this mate selection pattern was disrupted in both traffic and white noise conditions. Additionally, “high-quality” courtship songs had an increased mounting latency in traffic and white noise conditions, when compared to ambient noise conditions. Making nonoptimal mating decisions, such as the ones seen here, can lead to deleterious fitness consequences, alter population dynamics, and weaken sexual selection, unless individuals adapt to cope with anthropogenic interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M Bent
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas C Ings
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
| | - Sophie L Mowles
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, UK
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14
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Bednarz PA. Do Decibels Matter? A Review of Effects of Traffic Noise on Terrestrial Small Mammals and Bats. POLISH JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3161/15052249pje2020.68.4.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Antonina Bednarz
- Department of Systematic Zoology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego str. 6, 61–614 Poznań, Poland, e-mail:
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15
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Kok AC, van Hulten D, Timmerman KH, Lankhorst J, Visser F, Slabbekoorn H. Interacting effects of short-term and long-term noise exposure on antipredator behaviour in sand gobies. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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16
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Adverse effects of noise pollution on foraging and drinking behaviour of insectivorous desert bats. Mamm Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-021-00101-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Higham V, Deal NDS, Chan YK, Chanin C, Davine E, Gibbings G, Keating R, Kennedy M, Reilly N, Symons T, Vran K, Chapple DG. Traffic noise drives an immediate increase in call pitch in an urban frog. J Zool (1987) 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Higham
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - N. D. S. Deal
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Y. K. Chan
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - C. Chanin
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - E. Davine
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - G. Gibbings
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - R. Keating
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - M. Kennedy
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - N. Reilly
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - T. Symons
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - K. Vran
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
| | - D. G. Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton VIC Australia
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18
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Greggor AL, Berger-Tal O, Blumstein DT. The Rules of Attraction: The Necessary Role of Animal Cognition in Explaining Conservation Failures and Successes. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-011720-103212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Integrating knowledge and principles of animal behavior into wildlife conservation and management has led to some concrete successes but has failed to improve conservation outcomes in other cases. Many conservation interventions involve attempts to either attract or repel animals, which we refer to as approach/avoidance issues. These attempts can be reframed as issues of manipulating the decisions animals make, which are driven by their perceptual abilities and attentional biases, as well as the value animals attribute to current stimuli and past learned experiences. These processes all fall under the umbrella of animal cognition. Here, we highlight rules that emerge when considering approach/avoidance conservation issues through the lens of cognitive-based management. For each rule, we review relevant conservation successes and failures to better predict the conditions in which behavior can be manipulated, and we suggest how to avoid future failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L. Greggor
- Department of Recovery Ecology, Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego Zoo Global, Escondido, California 92027, USA
| | - Oded Berger-Tal
- Mitrani Department of Desert Ecology, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
| | - Daniel T. Blumstein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
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19
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Chassagneux A, Calenge C, Marchand P, Richard E, Guillaumat E, Baubet E, Saïd S. Should I stay or should I go? Determinants of immediate and delayed movement responses of female red deer (Cervus elaphus) to drive hunts. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228865. [PMID: 32150545 PMCID: PMC7062277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hunting can be used as a tool for wildlife management, through limitation of population densities and dissuading game from using sensitive areas. The success of these approaches requires in depth knowledge of prey movement. Indeed, movement decisions of game during hunting may affect the killing success of hunters as well as the subsequent location of surviving animals. We thus investigated red deer movement responses to drive hunts and their causal factors. We studied 34 hunting events in the National Estate of Chambord (France) and thereby provided a fine-scale characterization of the immediate and delayed movement responses of red deer to drive hunts. Red deer responded to drive hunts either by immediately fleeing the hunted area, or by initially remaining before ultimately fleeing after the hunters had departed. A few hours after the hunt, all individuals were located in distant areas (> 2 kilometres) from the hunted area. Immediate flight responses were less common when drive hunts occurred in areas with dense understorey. However, neither beater/dog densities nor site familiarity influenced the immediate flight decision. Following a drive hunt, red deer remained outside the hunted areas for periods twice as long compared to periods when no hunting occurred (34 hours vs. 17 hours). Such knowledge of game movement rates in response to drive hunts may help the development of informed management policy for hunted red deer populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Chassagneux
- Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique-Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Birieux, France
- Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique-Unité Flore et Végétation, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Birieux, France
| | - Clément Calenge
- Direction surveillance, évaluation, données-Unité données et appui méthodologique, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Le Perray en Yvelines, France
| | - Pascal Marchand
- Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique-Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Birieux, France
| | | | - Etienne Guillaumat
- Direction de la chasse et de la forêt, Domaine National de Chambord, Chambord, France
| | - Eric Baubet
- Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique-Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Birieux, France
| | - Sonia Saïd
- Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique-Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Birieux, France
- Direction de la Recherche et de l’Appui Scientifique-Unité Flore et Végétation, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Birieux, France
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20
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Shonfield J, Bayne E. Effects of industrial disturbance on abundance and activity of small mammals. CAN J ZOOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2019-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anthropogenic disturbance can negatively impact animal populations and alter the behaviour of individuals. Disturbance associated with the energy sector has been increasing in the boreal forest of northern Alberta. Disturbances associated with the oil and gas industry vary in the infrastructure present and sensory stimuli generated. Two common types are compressor stations and roads. It is important to assess population consequences of disturbance on small mammals because they serve as prey, predators, and seed–spore dispersers in the terrestrial ecosystems that they inhabit. To test the effects of disturbance from the energy sector on the abundance and activity of small mammals, we used mark–recapture methods and live-trapped in forested areas with one side adjacent to a clearing with industrial infrastructure present (road or compressor station) or absent (control sites). We found no difference in abundance or activity of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus (Wagner, 1845)) and southern red-backed voles (Myodes gapperi (Vigors, 1830)) between sites and did not detect an edge effect on abundance within sites, regardless of the presence of industrial infrastructure. Our results suggest minimal effects of industrial disturbance on the abundance and activity of these species, and the infrastructure and sensory stimuli generated are unlikely to be key drivers of their population dynamics or behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Shonfield
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - E.M. Bayne
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
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21
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Phillips JN, Ruef SK, Garvin CM, Le MLT, Francis CD. Background noise disrupts host-parasitoid interactions. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2019; 6:190867. [PMID: 31598311 PMCID: PMC6774985 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.190867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The soundscape serves as a backdrop for acoustic signals dispatched within and among species, spanning mate attraction to parasite host detection. Elevated background sound levels from human-made and natural sources may interfere with the reception of acoustic signals and alter species interactions and whole ecological communities. We investigated whether background noise influences the ability of the obligate parasitoid Ormia ochracea to locate its host, the variable field cricket (Gryllus lineaticeps). As O. ochracea use auditory cues to locate their hosts, we hypothesized that higher background noise levels would mask or distract flies from cricket calls and result in a decreased ability to detect and navigate to hosts. We used a field manipulation where fly traps baited with playback of male cricket advertisement calls were exposed to a gradient of experimental traffic and ocean surf noise. We found that increases in noise amplitude caused a significant decline in O. ochracea caught, suggesting that background noise can influence parasitoid-host interactions and potentially benefit hosts. As human-caused sensory pollution increases globally, soundscapes may influence the evolution of tightly co-evolved host-parasitoid relationships. Future work should investigate whether female cricket phonotaxis towards males is similarly affected by noise levels.
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22
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Zhou Y, Radford AN, Magrath RD. Why does noise reduce response to alarm calls? Experimental assessment of masking, distraction and greater vigilance in wild birds. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You Zhou
- Division of Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | | | - Robert D. Magrath
- Division of Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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23
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Sheehan RL, Papworth S. Human speech reduces pygmy marmoset (Cebuella pygmaea) feeding and resting at a Peruvian tourist site, with louder volumes decreasing visibility. Am J Primatol 2019; 81:e22967. [PMID: 30924189 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Although potentially beneficial in terms of raising awareness and conservation funding, tourist visitation of wild primates can have negative impacts on visited groups. Tourism-generated noise is a relatively understudied facet of ecotourism research, and the effects of tourist-generated speech on free-ranging, wild primates has never been explored previously. This study investigates the behavioral responses of 10 groups of pygmy marmosets (Cebuella pygmaea) to human speech. Through the use of an experimental playback study using recorded human speech, we show that pygmy marmosets within the Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo Reserve, Peru, are significantly less visible, and often move completely out of sight after louder playbacks. Although no consistent differences were found in other behaviors with playback duration and volume, playbacks of human speech tended to increase the amount of time individuals were alert and decrease feeding and resting behaviors. Our results demonstrate that human speech can alter the behavior of visited primates, and identifies a decrease in primate visibility within the increasing volume. As all trials in this study took place near a marmoset group's feeding tree, moving out of sight from the visible study area is a particularly energetically costly behavior, and also has a negative effect on visitor enjoyment as it limits the time that they are able to view the target species. This response was not observed (nor was any other consistent behavior change) in control trials where the marmosets were exposed to human presence but not to speech, suggesting that negative tourist impacts can be reduced by encouraging tourists to refrain from speaking in the presence of visited primate groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Sheehan
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, England
| | - Sarah Papworth
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, England
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24
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Evans JC, Dall SRX, Kight CR. Effects of ambient noise on zebra finch vigilance and foraging efficiency. PLoS One 2019; 13:e0209471. [PMID: 30596692 PMCID: PMC6312262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambient noise can affect the availability of acoustic information to animals, altering both foraging and vigilance behaviour. Using captive zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata, we examined the effect of ambient broadband noise on foraging decisions. Birds were given a choice between foraging in a quiet area where conspecific calls could be heard or a noisy area where these calls would be masked. Birds foraging in noisy areas spent a significantly more time vigilant than those in quiet areas, resulting in less efficient foraging. Despite this there was no significant difference in the amount of time spent in the two noise regimes. However there did appear a preference for initially choosing quiet patches during individuals’ second trial. These results emphasise how masking noise can influence the foraging and anti-predation behaviour of animals, which is particularly relevant as anthropogenic noise becomes increasingly prevalent in the natural world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian C. Evans
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Sasha R. X. Dall
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, United Kingdom
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25
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Rosa P, Koper N. Integrating multiple disciplines to understand effects of anthropogenic noise on animal communication. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rosa
- Natural Resources Institute; University of Manitoba; 70 Dysart Road Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2M6 Canada
| | - Nicola Koper
- Natural Resources Institute; University of Manitoba; 70 Dysart Road Winnipeg Manitoba R3T 2M6 Canada
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26
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Nedelec SL, Radford AN, Pearl L, Nedelec B, McCormick MI, Meekan MG, Simpson SD. Motorboat noise impacts parental behaviour and offspring survival in a reef fish. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 284:rspb.2017.0143. [PMID: 28592667 PMCID: PMC5474065 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is a pollutant of international concern, with mounting evidence of disturbance and impacts on animal behaviour and physiology. However, empirical studies measuring survival consequences are rare. We use a field experiment to investigate how repeated motorboat-noise playback affects parental behaviour and offspring survival in the spiny chromis (Acanthochromis polyacanthus), a brooding coral reef fish. Repeated observations were made for 12 days at 38 natural nests with broods of young. Exposure to motorboat-noise playback compared to ambient-sound playback increased defensive acts, and reduced both feeding and offspring interactions by brood-guarding males. Anthropogenic noise did not affect the growth of developing offspring, but reduced the likelihood of offspring survival; while offspring survived at all 19 nests exposed to ambient-sound playback, six of the 19 nests exposed to motorboat-noise playback suffered complete brood mortality. Our study, providing field-based experimental evidence of the consequences of anthropogenic noise, suggests potential fitness consequences of this global pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie L Nedelec
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Andrew N Radford
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Leanne Pearl
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, 1900 Pleasant Drive, 334 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0334, USA
| | - Brendan Nedelec
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Mark I McCormick
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Mark G Meekan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, The University of Western Australia (MO96), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley WA 6009
| | - Stephen D Simpson
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
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27
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Kunc HP, McLaughlin KE, Schmidt R. Aquatic noise pollution: implications for individuals, populations, and ecosystems. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 283:rspb.2016.0839. [PMID: 27534952 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2016.0839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenically driven environmental changes affect our planet at an unprecedented scale and are considered to be a key threat to biodiversity. According to the World Health Organization, anthropogenic noise is one of the most hazardous forms of anthropogenically driven environmental change and is recognized as a major global pollutant. However, crucial advances in the rapidly emerging research on noise pollution focus exclusively on single aspects of noise pollution, e.g. on behaviour, physiology, terrestrial ecosystems, or on certain taxa. Given that more than two-thirds of our planet is covered with water, there is a pressing need to get a holistic understanding of the effects of anthropogenic noise in aquatic ecosystems. We found experimental evidence for negative effects of anthropogenic noise on an individual's development, physiology, and/or behaviour in both invertebrates and vertebrates. We also found that species differ in their response to noise, and highlight the potential underlying mechanisms for these differences. Finally, we point out challenges in the study of aquatic noise pollution and provide directions for future research, which will enhance our understanding of this globally present pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansjoerg P Kunc
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Kirsty Elizabeth McLaughlin
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Rouven Schmidt
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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28
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Gill SA, Grabarczyk EE, Baker KM, Naghshineh K, Vonhof MJ. Decomposing an urban soundscape to reveal patterns and drivers of variation in anthropogenic noise. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 599-600:1191-1201. [PMID: 28514837 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Continuous and intermittent noise may have different effects on humans and wildlife, therefore distinguishing temporal patterns of noise and their drivers is important for policy regarding both public health and wildlife management. We visualized patterns and explored land-use drivers of continuous and high-amplitude intermittent sound pressure levels (SPLs) on an urban campus in Michigan, U.S.A. To visualize patterns of SPLs, we introduce decibel duration curves (DDCs), which show the cumulative frequency distribution of SPLs and aid in the interpretation of statistical SPLs (Ln values) that reflect continuous versus intermittent sounds. DDCs and Ln values reveal that our 24 recording locations varied in the intensity of both continuous and intermittent noise, with intermittent high-amplitude sound events in particular contributing to variability in SPLs over the study site. Time of day influenced both continuous and intermittent SPLs, as locations relatively close to manmade structures (buildings, roads and parking lots) experienced higher SPLs as the day progressed. Continuous SPLs increased with decreasing distance to manmade structures, whereas intermittent SPLs increased with decreasing distance to roads and increasing distance to buildings. Thus, different land-use factors influenced patterns of continuous and intermittent noise, which suggests that different policy and strategies may be needed to ameliorate their effects on the public and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon A Gill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5410, United States.
| | - Erin E Grabarczyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5410, United States
| | - Kathleen M Baker
- Department of Geography, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5424, United States; W.E. Upjohn Center for the Study of Geographical Change, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5424, United States
| | - Koorosh Naghshineh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5343, United States
| | - Maarten J Vonhof
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5410, United States; Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5419, United States
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29
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Herbert-Read JE, Kremer L, Bruintjes R, Radford AN, Ioannou CC. Anthropogenic noise pollution from pile-driving disrupts the structure and dynamics of fish shoals. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:20171627. [PMID: 28954915 PMCID: PMC5627215 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise produced from a variety of human activities can affect the physiology and behaviour of individual animals, but whether noise disrupts the social behaviour of animals is largely unknown. Animal groups such as flocks of birds or shoals of fish use simple interaction rules to coordinate their movements with near neighbours. In turn, this coordination allows individuals to gain the benefits of group living such as reduced predation risk and social information exchange. Noise could change how individuals interact in groups if noise is perceived as a threat, or if it masked, distracted or stressed individuals, and this could have impacts on the benefits of grouping. Here, we recorded trajectories of individual juvenile seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in groups under controlled laboratory conditions. Groups were exposed to playbacks of either ambient background sound recorded in their natural habitat, or playbacks of pile-driving, commonly used in marine construction. The pile-driving playback affected the structure and dynamics of the fish shoals significantly more than the ambient-sound playback. Compared to the ambient-sound playback, groups experiencing the pile-driving playback became less cohesive, less directionally ordered, and were less correlated in speed and directional changes. In effect, the additional-noise treatment disrupted the abilities of individuals to coordinate their movements with one another. Our work highlights the potential for noise pollution from pile-driving to disrupt the collective dynamics of fish shoals, which could have implications for the functional benefits of a group's collective behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Louise Kremer
- Department of Agronomy, Agroequipments, Farming and Environment, AgroSup Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Rick Bruintjes
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Andrew N Radford
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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30
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Farr CM, Pejchar L, Reed SE. Subdivision design and stewardship affect bird and mammal use of conservation developments. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 27:1236-1252. [PMID: 28171704 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Developing effective tools for conservation on private lands is increasingly important for global biodiversity conservation; private lands are located in more productive and biologically diverse areas, and they face accelerated rates of land conversion. One strategy is conservation development (CD) subdivisions, which cluster houses in a small portion of a property and preserve the remaining land as protected open space. Despite widespread use, the characteristics that make CD more or less effective at achieving biodiversity conservation are not well understood. We investigated CD's ability to successfully protect animal populations by examining bird and mammal occurrences in 14 CD subdivisions and four undeveloped areas (range: 14-432 ha) in northern Colorado, USA. Using point count and camera trap data in an occupancy modeling framework, we evaluated the relative importance of nine subdivision design factors (e.g., housing density, proportion of CD protected) and 14 stewardship factors (e.g., presence of livestock, percent native vegetation cover) in influencing the overall community composition and the probability of use by 16 birds and six mammals. We found that habitat use by 75% of birds and 83% of mammals was associated with design characteristics that maximized the natural or undisturbed land area both within and near the development (e.g., proportion of CD protected, total area of protected open space, proportion of natural land cover in the surrounding landscape). These factors were also associated with an increasing dominance of human-sensitive bird species, larger-bodied mammals, and mammals with larger home ranges. Habitat use by birds was also influenced by local land use composition and quality, and use by several bird and mammal species decreased with increased localized disturbances. We found few differences in habitat use between sampling sites in undeveloped areas and in CD subdivisions. These similarities indicate that, if CDs are large enough or located within a matrix of undeveloped land, they can provide habitat that supports similar use patterns as protected areas without housing development. By incorporating characteristics that promote the persistence of sensitive birds and mammals on private lands, CDs have potential to preserve native biodiversity in areas threatened by expanding residential development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cooper M Farr
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA
| | - Liba Pejchar
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA
| | - Sarah E Reed
- Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523, USA
- Wildlife Conservation Society North America Program, Bozeman, Montana, 59715, USA
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31
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Birnie-Gauvin K, Peiman KS, Raubenheimer D, Cooke SJ. Nutritional physiology and ecology of wildlife in a changing world. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 5:cox030. [PMID: 28740638 PMCID: PMC5516125 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/cox030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Over the last century, humans have modified landscapes, generated pollution and provided opportunities for exotic species to invade areas where they did not evolve. In addition, humans now interact with animals in a growing number of ways (e.g. ecotourism). As a result, the quality (i.e. nutrient composition) and quantity (i.e. food abundance) of dietary items consumed by wildlife have, in many cases, changed. We present representative examples of the extent to which vertebrate foraging behaviour, food availability (quantity and quality) and digestive physiology have been modified due to human-induced environmental changes and human activities. We find that these effects can be quite extensive, especially as a result of pollution and human-provisioned food sources (despite good intentions). We also discuss the role of nutrition in conservation practices, from the perspective of both in situ and ex situ conservation. Though we find that the changes in the nutritional ecology and physiology of wildlife due to human alterations are typically negative and largely involve impacts on foraging behaviour and food availability, the extent to which these will affect the fitness of organisms and result in evolutionary changes is not clearly understood, and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Birnie-Gauvin
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada ON K1S 5B6
- DTU AQUA, National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Freshwater Fisheries Ecology, Technical University of Denmark, Vejlsøvej 39, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Kathryn S. Peiman
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada ON K1S 5B6
| | - David Raubenheimer
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Regimental Drive, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Canada ON K1S 5B6
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32
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Walsh EP, Arnott G, Kunc HP. Noise affects resource assessment in an invertebrate. Biol Lett 2017; 13:rsbl.2017.0098. [PMID: 28404823 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2017.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is a global pollutant, affecting animals across taxa. However, how noise pollution affects resource acquisition is unknown. Hermit crabs (Pagurus bernhardus) engage in detailed assessment and decision-making when selecting a critical resource, their shell; this is crucial as individuals in poor shells suffer lower reproductive success and higher mortality. We experimentally exposed hermit crabs to anthropogenic noise during shell selection. When exposed to noise, crabs approached the shell faster, spent less time investigating it, and entered it faster. Our results demonstrate that changes in the acoustic environment affect the behaviour of hermit crabs by modifying the selection process of a vital resource. This is all the more remarkable given that the known cues used in shell selection involve chemical, visual and tactile sensory channels. Thus, our study provides rare evidence for a cross-modal impact of noise pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin P Walsh
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Gareth Arnott
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Hansjoerg P Kunc
- School of Biological Sciences, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
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33
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Morris-Drake A, Bracken AM, Kern JM, Radford AN. Anthropogenic noise alters dwarf mongoose responses to heterospecific alarm calls. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 223:476-483. [PMID: 28153414 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is an evolutionarily novel and widespread pollutant in both terrestrial and aquatic habitats. Despite increasing evidence that the additional noise generated by human activities can affect vocal communication, the majority of research has focused on the use of conspecific acoustic information, especially sexual signals. Many animals are known to eavesdrop on the alarm calls produced by other species, enhancing their likelihood of avoiding predation, but how this use of heterospecific information is affected by anthropogenic noise has received little empirical attention. Here, we use two field-based playback experiments on a habituated wild population of dwarf mongooses (Helogale parvula) to determine how anthropogenic noise influences the response of foragers to heterospecific alarm calls. We begin by demonstrating that dwarf mongooses respond appropriately to the alarm calls of sympatric chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) and tree squirrels (Paraxerus cepapi); fleeing only to the latter. We then show that mongoose foragers are less likely to exhibit this flee response to tree squirrel alarm calls during road-noise playback compared to ambient-sound playback. One explanation for the change in response is that noise-induced distraction or stress result in maladaptive behaviour. However, further analysis revealed that road-noise playback results in increased vigilance and that mongooses showing the greatest vigilance increase are those that do not subsequently exhibit a flee response to the alarm call. These individuals may therefore be acting appropriately: if the greater gathering of personal information indicates the absence of an actual predator despite an alarm call, the need to undertake costly fleeing behaviour can be avoided. Either way, our study indicates the potential for anthropogenic noise to interfere with the use of acoustic information from other species, and suggests the importance of considering how heterospecific networks are affected by this global pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Morris-Drake
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Anna M Bracken
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Julie M Kern
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N Radford
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Female song is an ancestral trait in songbirds, yet extant females generally sing less than males. Here, we examine sex differences in the predation cost of singing behaviour. The superb fairy-wren (Malurus cyaneus) is a Southern Hemisphere songbird; males and females provision the brood and produce solo song year-round. Both sexes had higher song rate during the fertile period and lower song rate during incubation and chick feeding. Females were more likely than males to sing close to or inside the nest. For this reason, female but not male song rate predicted egg and nestling predation. This study identifies a high fitness cost of song when a parent bird attends offspring inside a nest and explains gender differences in singing when there are gender differences in parental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Kleindorfer
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Christine Evans
- School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia
| | - Katharina Mahr
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine, Savoyenstrasse 1a, Vienna 1160, Austria
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Kern JM, Radford AN. Anthropogenic noise disrupts use of vocal information about predation risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 218:988-995. [PMID: 27595178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic noise is rapidly becoming a universal environmental feature. While the impacts of such additional noise on avian sexual signals are well documented, our understanding of its effect in other terrestrial taxa, on other vocalisations, and on receivers is more limited. Little is known, for example, about the influence of anthropogenic noise on responses to vocalisations relating to predation risk, despite the potential fitness consequences. We use playback experiments to investigate the impact of traffic noise on the responses of foraging dwarf mongooses (Helogale parvula) to surveillance calls produced by sentinels, individuals scanning for danger from a raised position whose presence usually results in reduced vigilance by foragers. Foragers exhibited a lessened response to surveillance calls in traffic-noise compared to ambient-sound playback, increasing personal vigilance. A second playback experiment, using noise playbacks without surveillance calls, suggests that the increased vigilance could arise in part from the direct influence of additional noise as there was an increase in response to traffic-noise playback alone. Acoustic masking could also play a role. Foragers maintained the ability to distinguish between sentinels of different dominance class, increasing personal vigilance when presented with subordinate surveillance calls compared to calls of a dominant groupmate in both noise treatments, suggesting complete masking was not occurring. However, an acoustic-transmission experiment showed that while surveillance calls were potentially audible during approaching traffic noise, they were probably inaudible during peak traffic intensity noise. While recent work has demonstrated detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise on defensive responses to actual predatory attacks, which are relatively rare, our results provide evidence of a potentially more widespread influence since animals should constantly assess background risk to optimise the foraging-vigilance trade-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Kern
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew N Radford
- School of Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, 24 Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, BS8 1TQ, United Kingdom.
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36
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Halfwerk W, Both C, Slabbekoorn H. Noise affects nest-box choice of 2 competing songbird species, but not their reproduction. Behav Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arw095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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37
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Klett-Mingo JI, Pavón I, Gil D. Great tits, Parus major, increase vigilance time and reduce feeding effort during peaks of aircraft noise. Anim Behav 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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38
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Shannon G, Crooks KR, Wittemyer G, Fristrup KM, Angeloni LM. Road noise causes earlier predator detection and flight response in a free-ranging mammal. Behav Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arw058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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39
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Simpson SD, Radford AN, Nedelec SL, Ferrari MCO, Chivers DP, McCormick MI, Meekan MG. Anthropogenic noise increases fish mortality by predation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10544. [PMID: 26847493 PMCID: PMC4748250 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise-generating human activities affect hearing, communication and movement in terrestrial and aquatic animals, but direct evidence for impacts on survival is rare. We examined effects of motorboat noise on post-settlement survival and physiology of a prey fish species and its performance when exposed to predators. Both playback of motorboat noise and direct disturbance by motorboats elevated metabolic rate in Ambon damselfish (Pomacentrus amboinensis), which when stressed by motorboat noise responded less often and less rapidly to simulated predatory strikes. Prey were captured more readily by their natural predator (dusky dottyback, Pseudochromis fuscus) during exposure to motorboat noise compared with ambient conditions, and more than twice as many prey were consumed by the predator in field experiments when motorboats were passing. Our study suggests that a common source of noise in the marine environment has the potential to impact fish demography, highlighting the need to include anthropogenic noise in management plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Simpson
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Andrew N Radford
- School of Biological Sciences &Cabot Institute, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Sophie L Nedelec
- School of Biological Sciences &Cabot Institute, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Maud C O Ferrari
- Department of Biomedical Science, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5B4
| | - Douglas P Chivers
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5E2
| | - Mark I McCormick
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies and School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Mark G Meekan
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
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Halfwerk W, Slabbekoorn H. Pollution going multimodal: the complex impact of the human-altered sensory environment on animal perception and performance. Biol Lett 2016; 11:20141051. [PMID: 25904319 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic sensory pollution is affecting ecosystems worldwide. Human actions generate acoustic noise, emanate artificial light and emit chemical substances. All of these pollutants are known to affect animals. Most studies on anthropogenic pollution address the impact of pollutants in unimodal sensory domains. High levels of anthropogenic noise, for example, have been shown to interfere with acoustic signals and cues. However, animals rely on multiple senses, and pollutants often co-occur. Thus, a full ecological assessment of the impact of anthropogenic activities requires a multimodal approach. We describe how sensory pollutants can co-occur and how covariance among pollutants may differ from natural situations. We review how animals combine information that arrives at their sensory systems through different modalities and outline how sensory conditions can interfere with multimodal perception. Finally, we describe how sensory pollutants can affect the perception, behaviour and endocrinology of animals within and across sensory modalities. We conclude that sensory pollution can affect animals in complex ways due to interactions among sensory stimuli, neural processing and behavioural and endocrinal feedback. We call for more empirical data on covariance among sensory conditions, for instance, data on correlated levels in noise and light pollution. Furthermore, we encourage researchers to test animal responses to a full-factorial set of sensory pollutants in the presence or the absence of ecologically important signals and cues. We realize that such approach is often time and energy consuming, but we think this is the only way to fully understand the multimodal impact of sensory pollution on animal performance and perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter Halfwerk
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092 Balboa, Ancón, Panama Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Slabbekoorn
- Institute of Biology, Leiden University, 2300 Leiden, The Netherlands
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Pile-Driving Noise Impairs Antipredator Behavior of the European Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 875:273-9. [PMID: 26610969 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In an increasingly industrialized world, man-made noise is changing the underwater acoustic environment. The effects of anthropogenic noise on marine ecosystems are not yet fully understood despite important implications for science and policy, in particular with respect to investment in offshore renewable energy. In this study, a traditional looming-stimulus experimental setup was used to investigate the acute effects of pile-driving noise on the antipredator response of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Playback of pile-driving noise was found to impair significantly the startle response of individuals, which potentially translates to an increased likelihood of being captured by predators in natural conditions.
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McDonnell MJ, Hahs AK. Adaptation and Adaptedness of Organisms to Urban Environments. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS 2015. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-112414-054258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. McDonnell
- Australian Research Center for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria and University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;
| | - Amy K. Hahs
- Australian Research Center for Urban Ecology, Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria and University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia;
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43
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Blumstein DT, Berger-Tal O. Understanding sensory mechanisms to develop effective conservation and management tools. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Luo J, Siemers BM, Koselj K. How anthropogenic noise affects foraging. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2015; 21:3278-89. [PMID: 26046451 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The influence of human activity on the biosphere is increasing. While direct damage (e.g. habitat destruction) is relatively well understood, many activities affect wildlife in less apparent ways. Here, we investigate how anthropogenic noise impairs foraging, which has direct consequences for animal survival and reproductive success. Noise can disturb foraging via several mechanisms that may operate simultaneously, and thus, their effects could not be disentangled hitherto. We developed a diagnostic framework that can be applied to identify the potential mechanisms of disturbance in any species capable of detecting the noise. We tested this framework using Daubenton's bats, which find prey by echolocation. We found that traffic noise reduced foraging efficiency in most bats. Unexpectedly, this effect was present even if the playback noise did not overlap in frequency with the prey echoes. Neither overlapping noise nor nonoverlapping noise influenced the search effort required for a successful prey capture. Hence, noise did not mask prey echoes or reduce the attention of bats. Instead, noise acted as an aversive stimulus that caused avoidance response, thereby reducing foraging efficiency. We conclude that conservation policies may seriously underestimate numbers of species affected and the multilevel effects on animal fitness, if the mechanisms of disturbance are not considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Luo
- Sensory Ecology Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany
- Jilin Key Laboratory of Animal Resource Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Normal University, 130024, Changchun, China
| | - Björn M Siemers
- Sensory Ecology Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Klemen Koselj
- Sensory Ecology Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Straße, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany
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45
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McKinney T. A classification system for describing anthropogenic influence on nonhuman primate populations. Am J Primatol 2015; 77:715-26. [PMID: 25809676 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Many nonhuman primates live in proximity to humans, and all studied primate populations are influenced in some ways by human interaction. While the effects of human interference on primate behavior and ecology are an important area of research in contemporary primatology, to date there is no systematic way to report the types or level of anthropogenic influence for a primate study population. In this paper, I introduce a diagnostic classification system that will allow primate field researchers to clearly and consistently report anthropogenic conditions at their study sites. This system provides a way to identify population conditions for four major variables: landscape, human-nonhuman primate interface, diet, and predation risk. The incredible diversity of the Order Primates necessitates a descriptive system that is applicable across a wide range of habitat types, social groupings, and ecological roles, so the proposed classification system has been specifically designed to avoid quantitative ranking. Instead, the system is intended to provide a standardized way to report a wealth of population and site information in a simple format. This will allow for meta-analysis of specific conditions across study sites, leading to a greater understanding of the effects of different forms of anthropogenic influence on primate behavior and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracie McKinney
- Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, United Kingdom
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46
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Hubbard L, King W, Vu A, Blumstein DT. Heterospecific nonalarm vocalizations enhance risk assessment in common mynas. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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47
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Simpson SD, Purser J, Radford AN. Anthropogenic noise compromises antipredator behaviour in European eels. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2015; 21:586-93. [PMID: 25098970 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Increases in noise-generating human activities since the Industrial Revolution have changed the acoustic landscape of many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Anthropogenic noise is now recognized as a major pollutant of international concern, and recent studies have demonstrated impacts on, for instance, hearing thresholds, communication, movement and foraging in a range of species. However, consequences for survival and reproductive success are difficult to ascertain. Using a series of laboratory-based experiments and an open-water test with the same methodology, we show that acoustic disturbance can compromise antipredator behaviour--which directly affects survival likelihood--and explore potential underlying mechanisms. Juvenile European eels (Anguilla anguilla) exposed to additional noise (playback of recordings of ships passing through harbours), rather than control conditions (playback of recordings from the same harbours without ships), performed less well in two simulated predation paradigms. Eels were 50% less likely and 25% slower to startle to an 'ambush predator' and were caught more than twice as quickly by a 'pursuit predator'. Furthermore, eels experiencing additional noise had diminished spatial performance and elevated ventilation and metabolic rates (indicators of stress) compared with control individuals. Our results suggest that acoustic disturbance could have important physiological and behavioural impacts on animals, compromising life-or-death responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Simpson
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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48
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Meillere A, Brischoux F, Angelier F. Impact of chronic noise exposure on antipredator behavior: an experiment in breeding house sparrows. Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/aru232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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49
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Shannon G, Angeloni LM, Wittemyer G, Fristrup KM, Crooks KR. Road traffic noise modifies behaviour of a keystone species. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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50
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Schmidt R, Morrison A, Kunc HP. Sexy voices – no choices: male song in noise fails to attract females. Anim Behav 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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