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Eissa ESH, Khattab MS, Elbahnaswy S, Elshopakey GE, Alamoudi MO, Aljàrari RM, Munir MB, Kari ZA, Naiel MAE. The effects of dietary Spirulina platensis or curcumin nanoparticles on performance, body chemical composition, blood biochemical, digestive enzyme, antioxidant and immune activities of Oreochromis niloticus fingerlings. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:215. [PMID: 38773537 PMCID: PMC11106962 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04058-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Recently, prioritize has been given to using natural phytogenic or nano compounds as growth promoters and immunostimulants in fish diets as an alternative to antibiotics. AIMS The main propose of this trial was to determine the impact of supplementing diets with spirulina or curcumin nanoparticles on the performance and health indicators of Nile tilapia fingerlings. METHODS In a 56-day feeding trial, 180 tilapia fingerlings were assigned into three main groups, as follows: 1st, control group, 2nd, Spirulina platensis (SP; 5 g kg-1 diet) and 3rd, curcumin nanoparticles (CUR-NPs; 30 mg kg-1 diet). KEY RESULTS Incorporating tilapia diets with SP or CUR-NPs significantly improved performance, body chemical analysis, blood biochemical and hematological indices, digestive enzyme activities, and antioxidant and immunostimulant features compared to the control. CONCLUSION Fortified tilapia diets with CUR-NPs or SP efficiently boost the productivity and health of Nile tilapia fingerlings. IMPLICATIONS The research introduces new practical solutions for applying safe feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics in tilapia farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa
- Fish Research Centre, Faculty of Agricultural Environmental Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, 45511, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Khattab
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Samia Elbahnaswy
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Muna Omer Alamoudi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab Mohamed Aljàrari
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad B Munir
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Islam Sultan Sharif Ali, Sinaut Campus, Tutong, TB1741, Negara Brunei Darussalam
| | - Zulhisyam A Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro-Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, Jeli, 17600, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed A E Naiel
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
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Tian J, Wang Y, Huang J, Yan H, Duan Y, Wang J, Zhou C, Huang Z. Effects of Dietary Gracilaria lichenoides and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health of Penaeus monodon. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:252. [PMID: 38666864 PMCID: PMC11047885 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This research sought to assess the effects of dietary supplements with Gracilaria lichenoides and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, either individually or combined, on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal function of Penaeus monodon. A total of 840 shrimps were randomly assigned to 28 tanks with an average initial weight of (1.04 ± 0.03) g (30 shrimp per tank) with 7 different treatment groups and 4 replicates per treatment. The control treatment (C) consisted of a basal diet; in contrast, the experimental groups were complement with varying levels of G. lichenoides (3% or 8%), either alone (S3 and S8) or in combination with B.amyloliquefaciens at different concentrations (3% G. lichenoides and 109 CFU/g-S3B9; 8% G. lichenoides and 1011 CFU/g B. amyloliquefaciens-S8B11; 109 CFU/g B. amyloliquefaciens-S9; 1011 CFU/g B. amyloliquefaciens-B11). The results indicated that the maximum values of final body weight (FBW) (10.49 ± 0.90) g, weight gain rate (WGR) (908.94 ± 33.58) g, and specific growth rate (SGR) (4.20 ± 0.06) g were perceived in the 3% G. lichenoide diet treatment, and compared with the control group, the difference was significant (p < 0.05). The whole-body lipid content of shrimp in the B9 group was significantly higher than that in the B11 group (p < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed when compared with shrimp fed other diets (p > 0.05). The ash content of shrimp in the B9 group was found to be significantly higher than that in the S3B9 group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the lipase activity in the stomach and intestines of the experimental groups exhibited a statistically significantly increase compared to the control (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control group, the hepatopancreas of the S3 group exhibited a significant increase in the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and antioxidant genes [SOD, catalase (CAT), GSH-Px, thioredoxin (Trx), Hippo, and NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)] expression levels (p < 0.05). Additionally, the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), SOD, peroxidase (POD), and antioxidant genes (CAT, GSH-Px, Trx, and Hippo) in the S3B9 treatment of hepatopancreas showed significant improvement (p < 0.05). The inclusion of dietary G. lichenoides and B. amyloliquefaciens resulted in enhanced relative expression of intestinal lipid metabolism genes (fatty acid synthetase (FAS), lipophorin receptor (LR), fatty acid transport protein 1 (FATP1)) and suppressed the expression of the long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase 4 (LCL4) gene. Analysis of microbiota sequencing indicated improvements in composition and structure, with notable increases in Firmicutes at the phylum level and Vibrio at the genus level in the S3 group, as well as an increase in Tenericutes at the genus level in the S8B11 group. Overall, the inclusion of dietary G. lichenoides and B. amyloliquefaciens positively impacted the growth, antioxidant capacity, and microbial composition of shrimp, with particular enhancement observed in shrimp fed a supplementary 3% G. lichenoides diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Tian
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.T.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Hainan Engineering Research Center of Deep-Sea Aquaculture and Processing, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Hailiang Yan
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.T.); (H.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Yafei Duan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Hainan Engineering Research Center of Deep-Sea Aquaculture and Processing, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Chuangpeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; (J.H.); (Y.D.); (J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, Hainan Engineering Research Center of Deep-Sea Aquaculture and Processing, Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Zhong Huang
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen 518121, China;
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Siddik MAB, Francis P, Rohani MF, Azam MS, Mock TS, Francis DS. Seaweed and Seaweed-Based Functional Metabolites as Potential Modulators of Growth, Immune and Antioxidant Responses, and Gut Microbiota in Fish. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2066. [PMID: 38136186 PMCID: PMC10740464 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweed, also known as macroalgae, represents a vast resource that can be categorized into three taxonomic groups: Rhodophyta (red), Chlorophyta (green), and Phaeophyceae (brown). They are a good source of essential nutrients such as proteins, minerals, vitamins, and omega-3 fatty acids. Seaweed also contains a wide range of functional metabolites, including polyphenols, polysaccharides, and pigments. This study comprehensively discusses seaweed and seaweed-derived metabolites and their potential as a functional feed ingredient in aquafeed for aquaculture production. Past research has discussed the nutritional role of seaweed in promoting the growth performance of fish, but their effects on immune response and gut health in fish have received considerably less attention in the published literature. Existing research, however, has demonstrated that dietary seaweed and seaweed-based metabolite supplementation positively impact the antioxidant status, disease resistance, and stress response in fish. Additionally, seaweed supplementation can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria, thereby improving gut health and nutrient absorption in fish. Nevertheless, an important balance remains between dietary seaweed inclusion level and the resultant metabolic alteration in fish. This review highlights the current state of knowledge and the associated importance of continued research endeavors regarding seaweed and seaweed-based functional metabolites as potential modulators of growth, immune and antioxidant response, and gut microbiota composition in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A. B. Siddik
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
| | - Prue Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
| | - Md Fazle Rohani
- Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Thomas S. Mock
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
| | - David S. Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia; (P.F.); (T.S.M.); (D.S.F.)
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Wang B, Mao H, Zhao J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Du X. Influences of oxygen and temperature interaction on the antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, serum biochemical indices, blood indices and growth performance of crucian carp. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14530. [PMID: 36620750 PMCID: PMC9817939 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-being of fish used in aquaculture is of great interest. Oxygen and temperature are the main factors affecting the welfare of the crucian carp (carassius); however, there are few studies on the combined effects of these on the species. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of different temperatures (18 °C, 24 °C, 30 °C) and oxygen concentrations (2.1 mgL-1, 5.4 mgL-1, 9.3 mgL-1) on serum antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, hematological parameters and growth performance of the crucian carp. The results showed that there were greater antibacterial properties under conditions of hypoxia at 18 °C (L18) and hyperoxia at 24 °C (H24). The activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and total superoxide dismutase were the highest at 24 °C under hypoxia and hyperoxia. In addition, the contents of glucose and total protein first increased and then decreased with the change of temperature; triglycerides were the lowest at 30 °C. The blood parameters of the carp were within a normal range at 24 °C; however, the growth rate was at its lowest under hypoxia treatment at 30 °C (L30). This study showed that high temperature impairs the antibacterial ability, antioxidant capacity and growth performance of the crucian carp, and high oxygen levels can alleviate these adverse reactions. This research provides a theoretical basis for subsequent aquaculture studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hanping Mao
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaoxue Du
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, Zhenjiang, China
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Mota CSC, Pinto O, Sá T, Ferreira M, Delerue-Matos C, Cabrita ARJ, Almeida A, Abreu H, Silva J, Fonseca AJM, Valente LMP, Maia MRG. A commercial blend of macroalgae and microalgae promotes digestibility, growth performance, and muscle nutritional value of European seabass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.) juveniles. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1165343. [PMID: 37139456 PMCID: PMC10150028 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1165343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Algae can leverage aquaculture sustainability and improve the nutritional and functional value of fish for human consumption, but may pose challenges to carnivorous fish. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a commercial blend of macroalgae (Ulva sp. and Gracilaria gracilis) and microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris and Nannochloropsis oceanica) in a plant-based diet up to 6% (dry matter basis) on digestibility, gut integrity, nutrient utilization, growth performance, and muscle nutritional value of European seabass juveniles. Fish (11.3 ± 2.70 g) were fed with isoproteic, isolipidic, and isoenergetic diets: (i) a commercial-type plant-based diet with moderate fishmeal (125 g kg-1 DM basis) and without algae blend (control diet; Algae0), (ii) the control diet with 2% algae blend (Algae2), (iii) the control diet with 4% algae blend (Algae4), and (iv) the control diet with 6% algae blend (Algae6) for 12 weeks. The digestibility of experimental diets was assessed in a parallel study after 20 days. Results showed that most nutrients and energy apparent digestibility coefficients were promoted by algae blend supplementation, with a concomitant increase in lipid and energy retention efficiencies. Growth performance was significantly promoted by the algae blend, the final body weight of fish fed Algae6 being 70% higher than that of fish fed Algae0 after 12 weeks, reflecting up to 20% higher feed intake of algae-fed fish and the enhanced anterior intestinal absorption area (up to 45%). Whole-body and muscle lipid contents were increased with dietary algae supplementation levels by up to 1.79 and 1.74 folds in Algae 6 compared to Algae0, respectively. Even though the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids was reduced, the content of EPA and DHA in the muscle of algae-fed fish increased by nearly 43% compared to Algae0. The skin and filet color of juvenile European seabass were significantly affected by the dietary inclusion of the algae blend, but changes were small in the case of muscle, meeting the preference of consumers. Overall results highlight the beneficial effects of the commercial algae blend (Algaessence®) supplementation in plant-based diets for European seabass juveniles, but feeding trials up to commercial-size fish are needed to fully assess its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia S. C. Mota
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Olívia Pinto
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Sá
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Mariana Ferreira
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R. J. Cabrita
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Almeida
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Laboratório de Química Aplicada, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Abreu
- ALGAplus-Produção e Comercialização de Algas e seus Derivados, Lda, PCI, Ílhavo, Portugal
| | - Joana Silva
- ALLMICROALGAE—Natural Products, Pataias, Portugal
| | - António J. M. Fonseca
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa M. P. Valente
- CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
- ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida R. G. Maia
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Margarida R. G. Maia
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Chen Z, Zhang J, Ming Z, Tong H, Wu J, Chen Q, Wang Y, Luo F, Wang Y, Feng T. As-Cathelicidin4 enhances the immune response and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in caridean shrimp. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:743-754. [PMID: 35100453 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Ming
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Tong
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Wu
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Chen
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yintao Wang
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Luo
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tingting Feng
- Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Hoseinifar SH, Fazelan Z, Bayani M, Yousefi M, Van Doan H, Yazici M. Dietary red macroalgae (Halopithys incurva) improved systemic an mucosal immune and antioxidant parameters and modulated related gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:164-171. [PMID: 35218971 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of dietary Halopithys incurva, a red macroalgae species, (0.25, 0.50, 1%) on whole-body serum and skin mucus immune system, antioxidant system and expression of various genes in zebrafish were investigated. At the end of the 8-week study, total protein, total immunoglobulin and lysozyme activities in whole-body serum and skin mucus increased in fish fed H. incurva (P < 0.05). While an increase was observed in superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) which are antioxidant enzyme activities in whole-body serum and skin mucus, a decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was detected (P < 0.05). All of the immune-related genes examined, such as Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interferon-gamma (INF- γ), were upregulated by the addition of 0.5% H. incurva (P < 0.05). While SOD and GPx, which are antioxidant enzyme-related genes, were remarkably upregulated in macroalgae fed fish (P < 0.05), no change was observed in CAT gene expression (P > 0.05). Based on the results of this study, it is considered that the addition of 0.5% H. incurva to the diets of commercially farmed fish will increase their immune and antioxidant defences and may contribute to the aquaculture sector for more sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Zohreh Fazelan
- Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia B2N 5E3, Canada
| | - Mahsan Bayani
- Radin Makian Azma Mehr Ltd, Radinmehr Veterinary Laboratory, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Morteza Yousefi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Metin Yazici
- Iskenderun Technical University, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
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Effects of dietary Gracilaria persica on the intestinal microflora, thyroid hormones, and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Persian sturgeon ( Acipenser persicus). ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2022-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Red seaweeds have several biomedical derivatives making them healthy additives for the aquaculture industry. Previously we reported enhanced growth performance, feed utilization, and immunity of Persian sturgeon treated with Gracilaria gracilis. Herein, we investigated the effects of G. gracilis on the intestinal microflora, thyroid hormones, and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in Persian sturgeon. Fish fed G. gracilis at 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 g/kg for eight weeks, then challenged with A. hydrophila for ten days. The results showed that the total bacterial count in the fish intestines had no meaningful differences among the groups of fish fed varying levels of G. persica (P˃0.05). Fish fed 10 g/kg of G. persica had a higher lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count than fish fed 0, 2.5, and 5 g/kg (P<0.05). Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) showed higher levels in fish treated with 2.5 and 5 g/kg of G. persica than the other groups (P<0.05). Besides, fish fed 2.5 g/kg G. persica had higher thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels than the other groups (P<0.05). At the end of the challenge test, the highest mortality was seen in the fish fed the G. persica free diet. In summary, Persian sturgeon treated G. gracilis had improved intestinal microflora, thyroid hormones, and resistance against A. hydrophila.
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Passos R, Correia AP, Pires D, Pires P, Ferreira I, Simões M, do Carmo B, Santos P, Pombo A, Afonso C, Baptista T. Potential use of macroalgae Gracilaria gracilis in diets for European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax): Health benefits from a sustainable source. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:105-113. [PMID: 34600116 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds still possess a large undisclosed potential, mainly due to their constituent's richness, which may have several uses for society. In aquaculture, they may play a role as an ecological sustainable aquafeed supplement to increase overall health and fight pathogenic outbreaks. This study aimed to evaluate the general health modulation that the inclusion of Gracilaria gracilis could accomplish in the diet of Dicentrarchus labrax. Dried algae at 2.5% and 5% and algal extract at 0.35% inclusion levels were supplemented to seabass diet to evaluate possible growth, haematological, immunological, antioxidant, metabolic, and intestinal morphological modulations. The supplementations did not impact growth or feed utilization, and barely affected the haematological profile and some metabolic parameters. Nevertheless, it caused a marked outcome on lysozyme, some oxidative stress biomarkers, and intestine morphology, suggesting beneficial consequences from the algal inclusion. Dried algae powder, with a 2.5% inclusion, boosted immune response, with higher plasmatic lysozyme and intestinal acid goblet cells and protected against oxidative damages by improved enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses. Thus, we provide evidence that dietary seaweed application may be a path towards a more sustainable aquaculture industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Passos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Ana Patrícia Correia
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Damiana Pires
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Pedro Pires
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Inês Ferreira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Marco Simões
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Beatriz do Carmo
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Santos
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ana Pombo
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Campus 4 - Rua do Conhecimento nº 4 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Clélia Afonso
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Campus 4 - Rua do Conhecimento nº 4 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal.
| | - Teresa Baptista
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Polytechnic of Leiria, Edifício CETEMARES, Av. Porto de Pesca, 2520-620 Peniche, Portugal; School of Tourism and Maritime Technology, Polytechnic of Leiria, Campus 4 - Rua do Conhecimento nº 4 2520-641 Peniche, Portugal.
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Ashry AM, Hassan AM, Habiba MM, El-Zayat A, El-Sharnouby ME, Sewilam H, Dawood MA. The Impact of Dietary Curcumin on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Antibacterial Capacity, and Haemato-Biochemical Parameters of Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061779. [PMID: 34203579 PMCID: PMC8232219 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In aquaculture, dietary curcumin has been shown to enhance the growth rate, antioxidative status, immunity, and disease resistance of several finfish species. Nevertheless, the potential role of curcumin has not been evaluated in Gilthead seabream as yet. Herein, we tested the effect of dietary curcumin on the growth performance, intestinal antibacterial capacity, and haemato-biochemical parameters of Gilthead seabream. Curcumin was mixed with the basal diet at rates of 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3%, then fed to the fish for 150 days. The results indicated marked improvements in the growth performance, feed efficiency, and antibacterial capacity of the fish. Further, curcumin enhanced the hematological indices and regulated the biochemical blood metabolites of Gilthead seabream. Dietary curcumin is recommended at a rate of 2–3% to improve the performance of Gilthead seabream. Abstract The need to replace antibiotics in aquafeed is increasing, and alternative safe substances are now encouraged for sustainable aquaculture activity. Curcumin is regarded as a multifunctional feed additive with growth-promoting and immunostimulant potential. Thus, this study evaluated dietary inclusion of curcumin at rates of 0, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3% in the diets of Gilthead seabream for 150 days. The results showed an improved final body weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio in fish treated with curcumin, in a dose-dependent manner. The highest growth performance was observed in fish fed a diet supplemented with 3% curcumin. The results also showed lowered activity of pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio spp. and Faecal coliform) in the intestines of Gilthead seabream fed a diet with curcumin inclusion, in a dose-dependent manner. The hematological indices were within the normal range for healthy fish, without meaningful effects except for hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells (RBCs), and white blood cells (WBCs), which were markedly increased by dietary curcumin. Phagocytic activity was obviously enhanced by dietary curcumin, compared with the control. The biochemical blood metabolites related to liver function (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)), renal tissue (urea), and total cholesterol were within the normal values, without significant differences. Overall, the inclusion of curcumin at a rate of 2–3% improved the growth performance and well-being of Gilthead seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Ashry
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Aziza M. Hassan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.H.); (M.E.E.-S.)
| | - Mahmoud M. Habiba
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo 11865, Egypt; (A.M.A.); (M.M.H.)
| | - Ahmed El-Zayat
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed E. El-Sharnouby
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; (A.M.H.); (M.E.E.-S.)
| | - Hani Sewilam
- The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Engineering Hydrology, RWTH Aachen University, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mahmoud A.O. Dawood
- The Center for Applied Research on the Environment and Sustainability, The American University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33512, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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11
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Yucca schidigera Usage for Healthy Aquatic Animals: Potential Roles for Sustainability. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010093. [PMID: 33419069 PMCID: PMC7825398 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review presents an updated and exclusive collection of results about yucca’s beneficial effects as phytogenic additives for clean aquaculture activity. The overall performances of aquatic organisms treated with yucca as dietary additives of water cleaners encourage performing further studies to prove its mode of action based on biochemical and biological techniques. Abstract In modern aquaculture systems, farmers are increasing the stocking capacity of aquatic organisms to develop the yield and maximize water resources utilization. However, the accumulation of ammonia in fishponds regularly occurs in intensive aquaculture systems, resulting in reduced growth rates and poor health conditions. The inclusion of yucca extract is recognized as a practical solution for adsorbing the waterborne ammonia. Yucca has abundant amounts of polyphenolics, steroidal saponins, and resveratrol and can be used as a solution or as a powder. In this context, this review aimed to investigate the possible regulatory roles of yucca extract on aquatic animals’ performances. Concurrently, the feed utilization, growth performance, and physiological status of aquatic species can be improved. Additionally, the yucca application resulted in enhancing the antioxidative, immunological, and anti-inflammatory responses in several aquatic animals. Exclusively, the present review proposed a protective solution through the application of yucca extract in the aquafeed and rearing water of aquatic animals suffering from ammonia accumulation. Furthermore, it shows how yucca could enhance the growth, survival rates, blood biochemical quality, immunological indices, and the antioxidative capacity of aquatic animals in light of the relevant published data.
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