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Silva Brito R, Canedo A, Farias D, Rocha TL. Transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an emerging model system in ecotoxicology and toxicology: Historical review, recent advances, and trends. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157665. [PMID: 35907527 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is an alternative model system for drug screening, developing new products, and assessing ecotoxic effects of pollutants and biomonitor species in environmental risk assessment. However, the history and current use of transgenic zebrafish lines in ecotoxicology and toxicology studies remain poorly explored. Thus, the present study aimed to summarize and discuss the existing data in the literature about the applications of transgenic zebrafish lines in ecotoxicology and toxicology. The articles were analyzed according to publication year, journal, geographic distribution, and collaborations. Also, the bioassays were evaluated according to the tested chemical, transgenic lines, development stage, biomarkers, and exposure conditions (i.e., concentration, time, type, and route of exposure). Revised data showed that constitutive transgenic lines are the main type of transgenic used in the studies, besides most of uses embryos and larvae under static conditions. Tg(fli1: EGFP) was the main transgenic line, while the GFP and EGFP were the main reporter proteins. Transgenic zebrafish stands out in assessing vasotoxicity, neurotoxicity, systemic toxicity, hepatoxicity, endocrine disruption, cardiotoxicity, immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, ototoxicity, and pancreotoxicity. This review showed that transgenic zebrafish lines are emerging as a suitable in vivo model system for assessing the mechanism of action and toxicity of chemicals and new biotechnology products, and the effects of traditional and emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella Silva Brito
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Aryelle Canedo
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Davi Farias
- Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Novel Technologies (LabRisk), Center of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
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Miranda LA, Somoza GM. Effects of Anthropic Pollutants Identified in Pampas Lakes on the Development and Reproduction of Pejerrey Fish Odontesthes bonariensis. Front Physiol 2022; 13:939986. [PMID: 35899023 PMCID: PMC9310068 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.939986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropic activities can seriously affect the health of the organisms inhabiting them, and the observation of any alteration in the reproduction of fish could be associated with the presence of endocrine disruptors. In this manuscript we have collected information on the adverse effects of pollutants (heavy metals, environmental steroids, and agrochemicals), present in Chascomús lake, Argentina, either at environmentally relevant and pharmacological concentrations on reproduction, embryonic development, and larval survival of pejerrey fish Odontesthes bonariensis. During development, it has been reported that 17β-estradiol (E2) feminized and reduced larval survival, while 17α-ethinyl-estradiol (EE2) not only feminized but also affected both embryo and larval survival. In adult male fish, treatments with EE2 and E2 + EE2 were able to increase mRNA abundance of gnrh3 and cyp19a1b and decreased those of gonadotropin receptors (fshr and lhcgr). Heavy metals such as cadmium, chromium, and copper negatively affected sperm quality, diminishing the motility. Also, a decrease in the percentage of hatching rate and larval survival was also observed with the same metals, highlighting zinc as the most detrimental metal. Furthermore, all these metals altered the expression of hypothalamic and pituitary genes related to reproduction in male pejerrey (gnrh1,2,3; cyp19a1b; fshb; lhb; fshr and, lhcgr). Moreover, in all cases pyknotic cells, corresponding to the degeneration of the germ cells, were observed in the testes of exposed fish. For agrochemicals, exposure of male pejerrey to environmental concentrations of glyphosate did not cause alterations on the endocrine reproductive axis. However, male pejerrey with gonadal abnormalities such as the presence of intersex (testis-ova) gonads were found in other Pampa´s lakes with high concentrations of atrazine and glyphosate associated with soybean and corn crops near their coasts. These types of studies demonstrate that pejerrey, an endemic species with economic importance inhabiting the Pampas shallow lakes, can be used as a sentinel species. It should be noted that increased pollution of aquatic ecosystems and the effects on the reproduction of organisms can lead to a decline in fish populations worldwide. Which, added to overfishing and other external factors such as global warming, could cause an eventual extinction of an emblematic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro A. Miranda
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), San Martín, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Leandro A. Miranda,
| | - Gustavo M. Somoza
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Chascomús, Argentina
- Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías (UNSAM), San Martín, Argentina
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Robitaille J, Denslow ND, Escher BI, Kurita-Oyamada HG, Marlatt V, Martyniuk CJ, Navarro-Martín L, Prosser R, Sanderson T, Yargeau V, Langlois VS. Towards regulation of Endocrine Disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water resources using bioassays - A guide to developing a testing strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 205:112483. [PMID: 34863984 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are found in every environmental medium and are chemically diverse. Their presence in water resources can negatively impact the health of both human and wildlife. Currently, there are no mandatory screening mandates or regulations for EDC levels in complex water samples globally. Bioassays, which allow quantifying in vivo or in vitro biological effects of chemicals are used commonly to assess acute toxicity in water. The existing OECD framework to identify single-compound EDCs offers a set of bioassays that are validated for the Estrogen-, Androgen-, and Thyroid hormones, and for Steroidogenesis pathways (EATS). In this review, we discussed bioassays that could be potentially used to screen EDCs in water resources, including in vivo and in vitro bioassays using invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and/or mammalians species. Strengths and weaknesses of samples preparation for complex water samples are discussed. We also review how to calculate the Effect-Based Trigger values, which could serve as thresholds to determine if a given water sample poses a risk based on existing quality standards. This work aims to assist governments and regulatory agencies in developing a testing strategy towards regulation of EDCs in water resources worldwide. The main recommendations include 1) opting for internationally validated cell reporter in vitro bioassays to reduce animal use & cost; 2) testing for cell viability (a critical parameter) when using in vitro bioassays; and 3) evaluating the recovery of the water sample preparation method selected. This review also highlights future research avenues for the EDC screening revolution (e.g., 3D tissue culture, transgenic animals, OMICs, and Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Robitaille
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | | | - Beate I Escher
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Vicki Marlatt
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Laia Navarro-Martín
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Thomas Sanderson
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, INRS, Laval, QC, Canada
| | | | - Valerie S Langlois
- Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Institut National de La Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Quebec City, QC, Canada.
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Safety Testing of Cosmetic Products: Overview of Established Methods and New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cosmetic products need to have a proven efficacy combined with a comprehensive toxicological assessment. Before the current Cosmetic regulation N°1223/2009, the 7th Amendment to the European Cosmetics Directive has banned animal testing for cosmetic products and for cosmetic ingredients in 2004 and 2009, respectively. An increasing number of alternatives to animal testing has been developed and validated for safety and efficacy testing of cosmetic products and cosmetic ingredients. For example, 2D cell culture models derived from human skin can be used to evaluate anti-inflammatory properties, or to predict skin sensitization potential; 3D human skin equivalent models are used to evaluate skin irritation potential; and excised human skin is used as the gold standard for the evaluation of dermal absorption. The aim of this manuscript is to give an overview of the main in vitro and ex vivo alternative models used in the safety testing of cosmetic products with a focus on regulatory requirements, genotoxicity potential, skin sensitization potential, skin and eye irritation, endocrine properties, and dermal absorption. Advantages and limitations of each model in safety testing of cosmetic products are discussed and novel technologies capable of addressing these limitations are presented.
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Martini GDA, Montagner CC, Viveiros W, Quinaglia GA, França DD, Munin NCG, Lopes-Ferreira M, Rogero SO, Rogero JR. Emerging contaminant occurrence and toxic effects on zebrafish embryos to assess the adverse effects caused by mixtures of substances in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20313-20329. [PMID: 33405144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) have been receiving global attention due to their worldwide presence in water bodies. The CECs could be originated from synthetic or natural sources, and they are not commonly monitored, although these substances are continuously reaching the aquatic environment. The main goal of this study was to determine the occurrence of some target CECs in São Paulo state surface water, once there is practically no information on the presence and concentration range of these substances at the studied sites. In addition, the present study aimed to assess adverse effects in the non-target fish embryo of Danio rerio (zebrafish) after exposure to surface water organic extract samples during 96 h using FET test. The CECs in surface water samples were determined by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography coupled by mass spectrometry. A 2-year study was assessed in 7 rivers and 3 reservoirs at São Paulo state, where 25 of the 30 analyzed substances were quantified, being caffeine the substance with the highest concentration range (5.5 ng L-1 to 69 μg L-1) and detected in 95% of analyzed samples, followed by bisphenol A (6.5-1300 ng L-1) and carbendazim (4.7-285 ng L-1), found in 50% and 85% of the analyzed samples, respectively. The chemical analysis and biological test were not performed in order to show a direct relationship between concentrations and observed effects on embryos; however, the combined approach can provide a better understanding of the adverse effects caused by mixtures of substances at relevant environmental concentrations. Regarding the adverse effects, it was observed that in the samples from sites with higher anthropogenic activity in the surroundings, there was also a higher mortality rate in organisms. At the Ribeirão Pires River and Sapucaí-Guaçu River, the mortality rate during the 2-year study was 21.6% and 9.3%, respectively. The morphological abnormality rates were higher at Ribeirão Grande (21.4%) and Ribeirão Pires (29.5%) Rivers. The obtained results aim to show that even in low concentrations (ng-μg L-1) the CECs can cause adverse effects on non-target species, and because of that, new chemical indicators would be important to monitor the water quality and protect the aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela de Assis Martini
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Nívea Cristina Guedes Munin
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Sizue Ota Rogero
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Rogero
- Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, São Paulo, Brazil
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Beyer J, Goksøyr A, Hjermann DØ, Klungsøyr J. Environmental effects of offshore produced water discharges: A review focused on the Norwegian continental shelf. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105155. [PMID: 32992224 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Produced water (PW), a large byproduct of offshore oil and gas extraction, is reinjected to formations or discharged to the sea after treatment. The discharges contain dispersed crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylphenols (APs), metals, and many other constituents of environmental relevance. Risk-based regulation, greener offshore chemicals and improved cleaning systems have reduced environmental risks of PW discharges, but PW is still the largest operational source of oil pollution to the sea from the offshore petroleum industry. Monitoring surveys find detectable exposures in caged mussel and fish several km downstream from PW outfalls, but biomarkers indicate only mild acute effects in these sentinels. On the other hand, increased concentrations of DNA adducts are found repeatedly in benthic fish populations, especially in haddock. It is uncertain whether increased adducts could be a long-term effect of sediment contamination due to ongoing PW discharges, or earlier discharges of oil-containing drilling waste. Another concern is uncertainty regarding the possible effect of PW discharges in the sub-Arctic Southern Barents Sea. So far, research suggests that sub-arctic species are largely comparable to temperate species in their sensitivity to PW exposure. Larval deformities and cardiac toxicity in fish early life stages are among the biomarkers and adverse outcome pathways that currently receive much attention in PW effect research. Herein, we summarize the accumulated ecotoxicological knowledge of offshore PW discharges and highlight some key remaining knowledge needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonny Beyer
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Norway; Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
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Ishibashi H, Uchida M, Temma Y, Hirano M, Tominaga N, Arizono K. Choriogenin transcription in medaka embryos and larvae as an alternative model for screening estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110324. [PMID: 32088548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the transcription levels of estrogen-responsive genes, such as vitellogenins (Vtg1 and Vtg2), choriogenins (ChgL, ChgH, and ChgHm), cytochrome P450 aromatase (CYP19a1b), and ER subtypes (ERα, ERβ1, and ERβ2), in 7 days-post-fertilization (dpf) embryos and 9 and 12 dpf larvae of medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to estrogenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The <5 h-post-fertilization embryos were exposed to EDCs such as 17β-estradiol (E2), p-n-nonylphenol (NP), and bisphenol A (BPA). In E2 (0.10-222 nM)-treated 7 dpf embryos and 9 or 12 dpf larvae, ChgL, ChgH, and ChgHm expression was up-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner. By contrast, interestingly, Vtg1 and Vtg2 expression was not induced in E2-treated 7 dpf embryos but was significantly induced in 9 and 12 dpf larvae, suggesting a developmental-stage-specific regulatory mechanism underlying Vtg expression. The maximum concentrations of NP (0.09-1.5 μM) and BPA (1.8-30 μM) up-regulated Chg expression in 9 or 12 dpf larvae, and the relative estrogenic potencies (REPs) of E2, NP, and BPA were 1, 2.1 × 10-4, and 1.0 × 10-5, respectively. Chg messenger RNA (mRNA) in medaka embryos and larvae can be used as a sensitive biomarker for screening potential estrogenic EDCs. Our assay system using embryos and larvae can be used as an in vivo alternative model because independent feeding stages (e.g., embryonic and early larval stages) are suitable alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Masaya Uchida
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, 150 Higashi-Hagio, Omuta, Fukuoka, 836-8585, Japan
| | - Yuki Temma
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirano
- Department of Biological and Chemical Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Kumamoto College, 2627 Hirayama-shinmachi, Yatsushiro, Kumamoto, 866-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Tominaga
- Department of Creative Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ariake College, 150 Higashi-Hagio, Omuta, Fukuoka, 836-8585, Japan
| | - Koji Arizono
- Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences, Prefectural University of Kumamoto, 3-1-100 Tsukide, Higashi-ku, Kumamoto, 862-8502, Japan.
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Song W, Lu H, Wu K, Zhang Z, Shuk-Wa Lau E, Ge W. Genetic evidence for estrogenicity of bisphenol A in zebrafish gonadal differentiation and its signalling mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121886. [PMID: 31887561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) can induce endocrine disorders in humans and animals. In this study, we used several zebrafish mutants deficient in estrogen production and signalling, which could be valuable for evaluating estrogenic activities and mechanisms of EDCs. With low endogenous estrogens, the all-male aromatase mutant (cyp19a1a-/-) is expected to be more responsive to estrogenic exposure, and mutants of nuclear estrogen receptors (nERs; esr1-/-, esr2a-/- and esr2b-/-) alone or in combination would allow us to evaluate the action mechanisms of estrogenic EDCs. Exposure to BPA could rescue the all-male phenotype of the cyp19a1a-/- mutant, delayed gonadal development in both sexes, resulting in infertility or subfertility, and caused follicle atresia in females and impairment of spermatogenesis in males. To understand the mechanisms of these effects, we tested BPA in cyp19a1a and nER mutants of different combinations. The feminizing effect of BPA on sexual differentiation was dependent on nERs, in particular esr2a. As for males, nERs were also involved in BPA-induced impairment of spermatogenesis. Taken together, with genome editing technology our study provides the most comprehensive genetic evidence for estrogenic activities of BPA in zebrafish and its action mechanisms. This study also establishes a powerful platform for studying other EDCs with estrogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Song
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Huijie Lu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China
| | - Esther Shuk-Wa Lau
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Centre of Reproduction, Development and Aging (CRDA), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, 999078, China.
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Pan Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Tian H, Wang W, Ru S. Distribution of vitellogenin in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) for biomarker analysis of marine environmental estrogens. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 216:105321. [PMID: 31586886 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen pollution in marine environments has become a research hotspot due to its adverse effects on the reproduction of wild organisms. To early detection of estrogen pollution, this study developed two methods for detecting Japanese flounder vitellogenin (Vtg), a sensitive biomarker for environmental estrogens. Firstly, monoclonal antibodies (mAb) specific to Vtg were prepared using purified lipovitellin (Lv), a main Vtg-derived yolk protein. Anti-Lv mAb (C1F1) had the highest titer (1:256,000) and was labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate to establish a direct immunofluorescence (DIF) method for histological detection of Vtg in tissues. Additionally, using the purified Lv and mAb, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed and this assay had a detection limit of 0.75 ng/mL and a working range of 1.95-250 ng/mL. Furthermore, Vtg induction in the plasma of Japanese flounder exposed to 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), and bisphenol A (BPA) were quantified by ELISA, and Vtg induction in the liver of EE2-exposed Japanese flounder were measured by DIF. Finally, the distribution of Vtg in Japanese flounder was detected using these two methods. The results revealed that Vtg mainly appeared in the terminal tail fin, liver, kidney, intestine, and spleen. Considering the high concentration of Vtg and easy sample collection, the terminal tail fin could be a new alternative to plasma for Vtg quantification, while kidney and liver are suitable for histological detection of Vtg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Zongbao Pan
- Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics & Estuary, Hangzhou, 310020, China
| | - Yabin Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaona Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Hua Tian
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shaoguo Ru
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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Brion F, De Gussem V, Buchinger S, Hollert H, Carere M, Porcher JM, Piccini B, Féray C, Dulio V, Könemann S, Simon E, Werner I, Kase R, Aït-Aïssa S. Monitoring estrogenic activities of waste and surface waters using a novel in vivo zebrafish embryonic (EASZY) assay: Comparison with in vitro cell-based assays and determination of effect-based trigger values. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 130:104896. [PMID: 31195222 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the use of the recently developed EASZY assay that uses transgenic cyp19a1b-GFP zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to assess in vivo estrogenic activity of 33 surface (SW) and waste water (WW) samples collected across Europe that were previously well-characterized for estrogen hormones and in vitro estrogenic activity. We showed that 18 out of the 33 SW and WW samples induced estrogenic responses in the EASZY assay leading to a significant and concentration-dependent up-regulation of the ER-regulated cyp19a1b gene expression in the developing brain. The in vivo 17β-estradiol-equivalents (EEQs) were highly correlated with, both, the chemical analytical risk quotient (RQ) based on steroidal estrogen concentrations and EEQs reported from five different in vitro reporter gene assays. Regression analyses between the vitro and in vivo effect concentrations allowed us to determine an optimal cut-off value for each in vitro assay, above which in vivo responses were observed. These in vitro assay-specific effect-based trigger values (EBTs), ranging from 0.28 to 0.58 ng EEQ/L define the sensitivity and specificity of the individual in vitro assays for predicting a risk associated with substances acting through the same mode of action in water samples. Altogether, this study demonstrates the toxicological relevance of in vitro-based assessment of estrogenic activity and recommends the use of such in vitro/in vivo comparative approach to refine and validate EBTs for mechanism-based bioassays.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Valentin De Gussem
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Sebastian Buchinger
- Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Am Mainzer Tor 1, 56068 Koblenz, DE, Germany
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, DE, Germany
| | - Mario Carere
- National Institute of Health, Department Environment and Health, Roma, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Benjamin Piccini
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Christine Féray
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Chronic Risk Division, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; National Reference Laboratory for Monitoring Aquatic Environments (AQUAREF), 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Valeria Dulio
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Chronic Risk Division, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Sarah Könemann
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Überlandstrasse 131, Dübendorf, CH, Switzerland; Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, DE, Germany
| | - Eszter Simon
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Überlandstrasse 131, Dübendorf, CH, Switzerland
| | - Inge Werner
- Swiss Centre for Applied Ecotoxicology Eawag-EPFL, Überlandstrasse 131, Dübendorf, CH, Switzerland
| | - Robert Kase
- FHNW University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern, Switzerland
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité d'Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
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Promoting zebrafish embryo tool to identify the effects of chemicals in the context of Water Framework Directive monitoring and assessment. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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12
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Salbu B, Teien HC, Lind OC, Tollefsen KE. Why is the multiple stressor concept of relevance to radioecology? Int J Radiat Biol 2019; 95:1015-1024. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1605463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Salbu
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- CERAD Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - H. C. Teien
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- CERAD Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - O. C. Lind
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- CERAD Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - K. E. Tollefsen
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- CERAD Centre for Environmental Radioactivity, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Norwegian Institute of Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
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13
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Multiplex Analysis Platform for Endocrine Disruption Prediction Using Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071739. [PMID: 30965663 PMCID: PMC6479714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Small fish are an excellent experimental model to screen endocrine-disrupting compounds, but current fish-based assays to detect endocrine disruption have not been standardized yet, meaning that there is not consensus on endpoints and biomarkers to be measured. Moreover, exposure conditions may vary depending on the species used as the experimental model and the endocrine pathway evaluated. At present, a battery of a wide range of assays is usually needed for the complete assessment of endocrine activities. With the aim of providing a simple, robust, and fast assay to assess endocrine-disrupting potencies for the three major endocrine axes, i.e., estrogens, androgens, and thyroid, we propose the use of a panel of eight gene expression biomarkers in zebrafish larvae. This includes brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) and vitellogenin 1 (vtg1) for estrogens, cytosolic sulfotransferase 2 family 2 (sult2st3) and cytochrome P450 2k22 (cyp2k22) for androgens, and thyroid peroxidase (tpo), transthyretin (ttr), thyroid receptor α (trα), and iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (dio2) for thyroid metabolism. All of them were selected according to their responses after exposure to the natural ligands 17β-estradiol, testosterone, and 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3), respectively, and subsequently validated using compounds reported as endocrine disruptors in previous studies. Cross-talk effects were also evaluated for all compounds.
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14
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Bakos K, Kovacs R, Balogh E, Sipos DK, Reining M, Gyomorei-Neuberger O, Balazs A, Kriszt B, Bencsik D, Csepeli A, Gazsi G, Hadzhiev Y, Urbanyi B, Mueller F, Kovacs B, Csenki Z. Estrogen sensitive liver transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) line (Tg(vtg1:mCherry)) suitable for the direct detection of estrogenicity in environmental samples. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 208:157-167. [PMID: 30677711 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Environmental estrogens are a serious concern worldwide due to their ubiquity and adverse ecotoxicological and health effects. Chemical structure of these substances is highly diverse, therefore estrogenicity cannot be predicted on the basis of molecular structure. Furthermore, estimation of estrogenicity of environmental samples based on chemical analytics of suspects is difficult given the complex interaction of chemicals and the impact on estrogenicity. The full estrogenic impact of an environmental sample can thus only be revealed by a series of sensitive in vitro and in vivo ecotoxicological tests. Herein we describe a vitellogenin reporter transgenic zebrafish line (Tg(vtg1:mCherry)) that enables the detection of estrogenicity in the environmentally relevant, low concentration ranges in embryonic tests that are in accordance with 3Rs and relevant animal welfare regulations. The transgene construct used for the development of Tg(vtg1:mCherry) carried a long (3.4 kbp) natural vitellogenin-1 promoter sequence with a high number of ERE sites. A test protocol was developed based on our finding that the endogenous vitellogenin and the reporter show similar spatial expression pattern and both endogenous and vitellogenin reporter is only produced in the left hepatic lobe of 5 dpf zebrafish embryos. Seven generations of Tg(vtg1:mCherry) have been established, and the estrogen responsiveness was tested with different estrogenic substances and wastewater samples. Embryos were exposed from 3 to 5 days post fertilization (dpf). Fluorescence in embryos could be detected upon treatment with 17-ß-estradiol from a concentration of 100 ng/L, 17-α-ethynilestradiol from 1 ng/L, zearalenone from 100 ng/L and bisphenol-A from 1 mg/L. In the adult stage transgene activity appeared to be more sensitive to estrogen treatment, with detectable transgene activity from 5 ng/L 17-ß-estradiol concentration. The transgenic line Tg(vtg1:mCherry) was also suitable for the direct measurement of estrogenicity in wastewater samples without sample extraction. The detection of estrogenic activity using the reporter line was confirmed by the bioluminescent yeast estrogen screen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Bakos
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Robert Kovacs
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Erna Balogh
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Dora Kanaine Sipos
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Marta Reining
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Gyomorei-Neuberger
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Adrienn Balazs
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Balazs Kriszt
- Department of Environmental Safety and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Dora Bencsik
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Andrea Csepeli
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Gyongyi Gazsi
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Yavor Hadzhiev
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bela Urbanyi
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Mueller
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Balazs Kovacs
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Csenki
- Department of Aquaculture, Institute of Aquaculture and Environmental Safety, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, 1. Páter Károly St., H-2100 Gödöllő, Hungary.
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15
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Michiels EDG, Vergauwen L, Lai FY, Town RM, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN, Van Cruchten SJ, Knapen D. Advancing the Zebrafish embryo test for endocrine disruptor screening using micro-injection: Ethinyl estradiol as a case study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:533-547. [PMID: 30569562 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fish (embryo) toxicity test guidelines are mostly based on aquatic exposures. However, in some cases, other exposure routes can be more practical and relevant. Micro-injection into the yolk of fish embryos could offer a particular advantage for administering hydrophobic compounds, such as many endocrine disruptors. Single-dose micro-injection was compared with continuous aquatic exposure in terms of compound accumulation and biological responses. 17α-Ethinyl estradiol (EE2) was used as a model compound. First, the optimal solvent and droplet size were optimized, and needle variation was assessed. Next, biological endpoints were evaluated. The accumulated internal dose of EE2 decreased over time in both exposure scenarios. Estrogen receptor activation was concentration/injected dose dependent, increased daily, and was related to esr2b transcription. Transcription of vitellogenin 1 (vtg1) and brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) was induced in both scenarios, but the cyp19a1b transcription pattern differed between routes. Injection caused an increase in cyp19a1b transcripts from 48 hours post fertilization (hpf) onward, whereas after aquatic exposure the main increase occurred between 96 and 120 hpf. Some malformations only occurred after injection, whereas others were present for both scenarios. We conclude that responses can differ between exposure routes and therefore micro-injection is not a direct substitute for, but can be complementary to aquatic exposure. Nevertheless, vtg1and cyp19a1b transcription and estrogen receptor activation are suitable biomarkers for endocrine disruptor screening in both scenarios. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:533-547. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen D G Michiels
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucia Vergauwen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Foon Yin Lai
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Raewyn M Town
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alexander L N van Nuijs
- Toxicological Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Steven J Van Cruchten
- Applied Veterinary Morphology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Dries Knapen
- Zebrafishlab, Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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16
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Martínez R, Esteve-Codina A, Herrero-Nogareda L, Ortiz-Villanueva E, Barata C, Tauler R, Raldúa D, Piña B, Navarro-Martín L. Dose-dependent transcriptomic responses of zebrafish eleutheroembryos to Bisphenol A. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:988-997. [PMID: 30248606 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the abundant literature on the adverse effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) as endocrine disruptor, its toxicity mechanisms are still poorly understood. We present here a study of its effects on the zebrafish eleutheroembryo transcriptome at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 4 mg L-1, this latter representing the lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) found in our study at three different macroscopical endpoints (survival, hatching and swim bladder inflation). Multivariate data analysis methods identified both monotonic and bi-phasic patterns of dose-dependent responses. Functional analyses of genes affected by BPA exposure suggest an interaction of BPA with different signaling pathways, being the estrogenic and retinoid receptors two likely targets. In addition, we identified an apparently unrelated inhibitory effect on, among others, visual function genes. We interpret our data as the result of a sum of underlying, independent molecular mechanisms occurring simultaneously at the exposed animals, well below the macroscopic LOEC, but related to at least some of the observed morphological alterations, particularly in eye size and yolk sac resorption. Our data supports the idea that the physiological effects of BPA cannot be only explained by its rather weak interaction with the estrogen receptor, and that multivariate analyses are required to analyze the effects of toxicants like BPA, which interact with different cellular targets producing complex phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Martínez
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain; Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Catalunya, 08007, Spain.
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalunya, 08028, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalunya, 08003, Spain.
| | - Laia Herrero-Nogareda
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Elena Ortiz-Villanueva
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Carlos Barata
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Romà Tauler
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Demetrio Raldúa
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Benjamin Piña
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
| | - Laia Navarro-Martín
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Barcelona, Catalunya, 08034, Spain.
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17
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Weger M, Weger BD, Görling B, Poschet G, Yildiz M, Hell R, Luy B, Akcay T, Güran T, Dickmeis T, Müller F, Krone N. Glucocorticoid deficiency causes transcriptional and post-transcriptional reprogramming of glutamine metabolism. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:376-389. [PMID: 30266295 PMCID: PMC6197330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deficient glucocorticoid biosynthesis leading to adrenal insufficiency is life-threatening and is associated with significant co-morbidities. The affected pathways underlying the pathophysiology of co-morbidities due to glucocorticoid deficiency remain poorly understood and require further investigation. Methods To explore the pathophysiological processes related to glucocorticoid deficiency, we have performed global transcriptional, post-transcriptional and metabolic profiling of a cortisol-deficient zebrafish mutant with a disrupted ferredoxin (fdx1b) system. Findings fdx1b−/− mutants show pervasive reprogramming of metabolism, in particular of glutamine-dependent pathways such as glutathione metabolism, and exhibit changes of oxidative stress markers. The glucocorticoid-dependent post-transcriptional regulation of key enzymes involved in de novo purine synthesis was also affected in this mutant. Moreover, fdx1b−/− mutants exhibit crucial features of primary adrenal insufficiency, and mirror metabolic changes detected in primary adrenal insufficiency patients. Interpretation Our study provides a detailed map of metabolic changes induced by glucocorticoid deficiency as a consequence of a disrupted ferredoxin system in an animal model of adrenal insufficiency. This improved pathophysiological understanding of global glucocorticoid deficiency informs on more targeted translational studies in humans suffering from conditions associated with glucocorticoid deficiency. Fund Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowships for Career Development, HGF-programme BIFTM, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, BBSRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Weger
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Benjamin D Weger
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Benjamin Görling
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Institute for Biological Interfaces 4 - Magnetic Resonance, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Gernot Poschet
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melek Yildiz
- Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, Küçükçekmece, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rüdiger Hell
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Luy
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Institute for Biological Interfaces 4 - Magnetic Resonance, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Teoman Akcay
- Istinye University Gaziosmanpasa Medical Park Hospital Gaziosmanpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tülay Güran
- Marmara University, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pendik, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Thomas Dickmeis
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ferenc Müller
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nils Krone
- Department of Oncology & Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TH, UK; Department of Biomedical Science, The Bateson Centre, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK..
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18
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Altenburger R, Scholze M, Busch W, Escher BI, Jakobs G, Krauss M, Krüger J, Neale PA, Ait-Aissa S, Almeida AC, Seiler TB, Brion F, Hilscherová K, Hollert H, Novák J, Schlichting R, Serra H, Shao Y, Tindall A, Tollefsen KE, Umbuzeiro G, Williams TD, Kortenkamp A. Mixture effects in samples of multiple contaminants - An inter-laboratory study with manifold bioassays. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 114:95-106. [PMID: 29499452 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemicals in the environment occur in mixtures rather than as individual entities. Environmental quality monitoring thus faces the challenge to comprehensively assess a multitude of contaminants and potential adverse effects. Effect-based methods have been suggested as complements to chemical analytical characterisation of complex pollution patterns. The regularly observed discrepancy between chemical and biological assessments of adverse effects due to contaminants in the field may be either due to unidentified contaminants or result from interactions of compounds in mixtures. Here, we present an interlaboratory study where individual compounds and their mixtures were investigated by extensive concentration-effect analysis using 19 different bioassays. The assay panel consisted of 5 whole organism assays measuring apical effects and 14 cell- and organism-based bioassays with more specific effect observations. Twelve organic water pollutants of diverse structure and unique known modes of action were studied individually and as mixtures mirroring exposure scenarios in freshwaters. We compared the observed mixture effects against component-based mixture effect predictions derived from additivity expectations (assumption of non-interaction). Most of the assays detected the mixture response of the active components as predicted even against a background of other inactive contaminants. When none of the mixture components showed any activity by themselves then the mixture also was without effects. The mixture effects observed using apical endpoints fell in the middle of a prediction window defined by the additivity predictions for concentration addition and independent action, reflecting well the diversity of the anticipated modes of action. In one case, an unexpectedly reduced solubility of one of the mixture components led to mixture responses that fell short of the predictions of both additivity mixture models. The majority of the specific cell- and organism-based endpoints produced mixture responses in agreement with the additivity expectation of concentration addition. Exceptionally, expected (additive) mixture response did not occur due to masking effects such as general toxicity from other compounds. Generally, deviations from an additivity expectation could be explained due to experimental factors, specific limitations of the effect endpoint or masking side effects such as cytotoxicity in in vitro assays. The majority of bioassays were able to quantitatively detect the predicted non-interactive, additive combined effect of the specifically bioactive compounds against a background of complex mixture of other chemicals in the sample. This supports the use of a combination of chemical and bioanalytical monitoring tools for the identification of chemicals that drive a specific mixture effect. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a panel of bioassays can provide a diverse profile of effect responses to a complex contaminated sample. This could be extended towards representing mixture adverse outcome pathways. Our findings support the ongoing development of bioanalytical tools for (i) compiling comprehensive effect-based batteries for water quality assessment, (ii) designing tailored surveillance methods to safeguard specific water uses, and (iii) devising strategies for effect-based diagnosis of complex contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Altenburger
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Martin Scholze
- Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
| | - Wibke Busch
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Beate I Escher
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Environmental Toxicology, Center for Applied Geoscience, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gianina Jakobs
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin Krauss
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Janet Krüger
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peta A Neale
- Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith School of Environment, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Selim Ait-Aissa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Ana Catarina Almeida
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research NIVA, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jiří Novák
- Masaryk University, Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Kamenice 753/5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rita Schlichting
- UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hélène Serra
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques INERIS, Unité d'Ecotoxicologie, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Ying Shao
- Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrew Tindall
- WatchFrog, Bâtiment Genavenir 3, 1 rue Pierre Fontaine, 91000 Evry, France
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research NIVA, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gisela Umbuzeiro
- Faculdade de Tecnologia, FT-UNICAMP, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484-332, Brazil
| | - Tim D Williams
- School of Biosciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- Institute for the Environment, Brunel University, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB8 3PH, United Kingdom
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19
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Mixture Concentration-Response Modeling Reveals Antagonistic Effects of Estradiol and Genistein in Combination on Brain Aromatase Gene (cyp19a1b) in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041047. [PMID: 29614754 PMCID: PMC5979603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehension of compound interactions in mixtures is of increasing interest to scientists, especially from a perspective of mixture risk assessment. However, most of conducted studies have been dedicated to the effects on gonads, while only few of them were. interested in the effects on the central nervous system which is a known target for estrogenic compounds. In the present study, the effects of estradiol (E2), a natural estrogen, and genistein (GEN), a phyto-estrogen, on the brain ER-regulated cyp19a1b gene in radial glial cells were investigated alone and in mixtures. For that, zebrafish-specific in vitro and in vivo bioassays were used. In U251-MG transactivation assays, E2 and GEN produced antagonistic effects at low mixture concentrations. In the cyp19a1b-GFP transgenic zebrafish, this antagonism was observed at all ratios and all concentrations of mixtures, confirming the in vitro effects. In the present study, we confirm (i) that our in vitro and in vivo biological models are valuable complementary tools to assess the estrogenic potency of chemicals both alone and in mixtures; (ii) the usefulness of the ray design approach combined with the concentration-addition modeling to highlight interactions between mixture components.
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20
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Crago J, Klaper R. Place-based screening of mixtures of dominant emerging contaminants measured in Lake Michigan using zebrafish embryo gene expression assay. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 193:1226-1234. [PMID: 29874752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Determining impacts of emerging contaminants is difficult due to the different concentrations of mixtures of these chemicals over a landscape. Assessment approaches need to account for absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the chemicals in an organism, and potential crosstalk between molecular pathways. The goal of this study was to assess the utility of employing a modified zebrafish embryo toxicity (ZFET) assay that assesses morphological alterations and measurements of estrogen-associated mRNA transcripts, to exposure of a mixtures of chemicals at concentrations measured in several locations in Lake Michigan. The 5 pharmaceuticals in this study were carbamazepine, diltiazem, fluoxetine, gemfibrozil and metformin. Exposures consisted of 4 concentrations of each individual chemical, mixture concentrations measured at seven locations in Lake Michigan, or 17β-estradiol. The relative expression of Estrogen Receptor-alpha, brain aromatase (CYP19A2), and gonadotropin releasing hormone 3 mRNA were measured at the end the 6-d exposure to determine estrogenicity of the individual chemical or mixture. In this study, there was significant induction of CYP19A2 in individual exposures of diltiazem, fluoxetine, gemfibrozil and metformin at concentrations measured in Lake Michigan. Exposure to 5 of the 7 chemical mixtures altered the expression of one of the three biomarkers. Transcripts varied across mixtures, indicating that biological screening of whole water samples for potential estrogenicity may need to include alternative molecular pathways other than just steroid receptor binding. This research demonstrates that pairing chemical measurements with a modified ZFET assay, twhich incorporates molecular biomarkers and morphological endpoints, could provide location and mixture specific toxic profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Crago
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA
| | - Rebecca Klaper
- School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53204, USA.
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Huang W, Yang P, Lv Z, Wu C, Gui J, Lou B. Cloning, expression pattern and promoter functional analysis of cyp19a1a gene in miiuy croaker. Gene 2017; 627:271-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Noyes PD, Garcia GR, Tanguay RL. ZEBRAFISH AS AN IN VIVO MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE CHEMICAL DESIGN. GREEN CHEMISTRY : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL AND GREEN CHEMISTRY RESOURCE : GC 2016; 18:6410-6430. [PMID: 28461781 PMCID: PMC5408959 DOI: 10.1039/c6gc02061e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Heightened public awareness about the many thousands of chemicals in use and present as persistent contaminants in the environment has increased the demand for safer chemicals and more rigorous toxicity testing. There is a growing recognition that the use of traditional test models and empirical approaches is impractical for screening for toxicity the many thousands of chemicals in the environment and the hundreds of new chemistries introduced each year. These realities coupled with the green chemistry movement have prompted efforts to implement more predictive-based approaches to evaluate chemical toxicity early in product development. While used for many years in environmental toxicology and biomedicine, zebrafish use has accelerated more recently in genetic toxicology, high throughput screening (HTS), and behavioral testing. This review describes major advances in these testing methods that have positioned the zebrafish as a highly applicable model in chemical safety evaluations and sustainable chemistry efforts. Many toxic responses have been shown to be shared among fish and mammals owing to their generally well-conserved development, cellular networks, and organ systems. These shared responses have been observed for chemicals that impair endocrine functioning, development, and reproduction, as well as those that elicit cardiotoxicity and carcinogenicity, among other diseases. HTS technologies with zebrafish enable screening large chemical libraries for bioactivity that provide opportunities for testing early in product development. A compelling attribute of the zebrafish centers on being able to characterize toxicity mechanisms across multiple levels of biological organization from the genome to receptor interactions and cellular processes leading to phenotypic changes such as developmental malformations. Finally, there is a growing recognition of the links between human and wildlife health and the need for approaches that allow for assessment of real world multi-chemical exposures. The zebrafish is poised to be an important model in bridging these two conventionally separate areas of toxicology and characterizing the biological effects of chemical mixtures that could augment its role in sustainable chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela D. Noyes
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Gloria R. Garcia
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Robert L. Tanguay
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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Blavier J, Songulashvili G, Simon C, Penninckx M, Flahaut S, Scippo ML, Debaste F. Assessment of methods of detection of water estrogenicity for their use as monitoring tools in a process of estrogenicity removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:3104-19. [PMID: 27144327 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1177119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Methods of monitoring of estrogenicity in water were gathered, compared, and tested within the context of their practical use as measurement and design tools, in the development of a process of degradation of estrogenic endocrine disruptors. In this work, the focus was put on in vitro assays, with the use of analytical techniques as additional analysis when possible. Practically, from a literature review, four methods that seemed most suitable to practical use required in a process development were tested: the Yeast Estrogen Screen assay, the Lyticase-assisted Yeast Estrogen Screen assay (LYES), the MMV-LUC assay and the HPLC-UV analytical method. Dose-response curves in response to estrogenic standard 17β-estradiol were compared. Bisphenol A estrogenicity was measured by the methods as well. The model for the calculation of estradiol equivalents as measurements units was adapted. The methods were assessed in terms of ranges of detection, time of experiment, cost, ease of the experiment, reproducibility, etc. Based on that assessment, the LYES assay was selected and successfully applied to the monitoring of estrogenicity removal from 17β-estradiol and bisphenol A. More precisely, the bioassay allowed the acquisition of kinetic curves for a laboratory-scaled process of estrogenicity removal by immobilized enzymes in a continuous packed-bed reactor. The LYES assay was found to have a real methodological potential for scale-up and design of a treatment process. The HPLC-UV method showed good complementarity with the LYES assay for the monitoring of bisphenol A concentrations in parallel with estrogenicity, reporting no significant estrogenicity from degradation byproducts, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Blavier
- a Department Transfers, Interfaces & Processes , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - G Songulashvili
- b Department of Applied Microbiology , Université Libre de Bruxelles c/o Institut de Recherches Microbiologiques Jean-Marie Wiame , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - C Simon
- c Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, Université de Liège , Liege , Belgium
| | - M Penninckx
- a Department Transfers, Interfaces & Processes , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - S Flahaut
- b Department of Applied Microbiology , Université Libre de Bruxelles c/o Institut de Recherches Microbiologiques Jean-Marie Wiame , Bruxelles , Belgium
| | - M L Scippo
- c Department of Food Sciences, Laboratory of Food Analysis , FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, Université de Liège , Liege , Belgium
| | - F Debaste
- a Department Transfers, Interfaces & Processes , Université Libre de Bruxelles , Bruxelles , Belgium
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Hinfray N, Tebby C, Garoche C, Piccini B, Bourgine G, Aït-Aïssa S, Kah O, Pakdel F, Brion F. Additive effects of levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol on brain aromatase ( cyp19a1b ) in zebrafish specific in vitro and in vivo bioassays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 307:108-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Pellegrini E, Diotel N, Vaillant-Capitaine C, Pérez Maria R, Gueguen MM, Nasri A, Cano Nicolau J, Kah O. Steroid modulation of neurogenesis: Focus on radial glial cells in zebrafish. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 160:27-36. [PMID: 26151741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens are known as steroid hormones affecting the brain in many different ways and a wealth of data now document effects on neurogenesis. Estrogens are provided by the periphery but can also be locally produced within the brain itself due to local aromatization of circulating androgens. Adult neurogenesis is described in all vertebrate species examined so far, but comparative investigations have brought to light differences between vertebrate groups. In teleost fishes, the neurogenic activity is spectacular and adult stem cells maintain their mitogenic activity in many proliferative areas within the brain. Fish are also quite unique because brain aromatase expression is limited to radial glia cells, the progenitor cells of adult fish brain. The zebrafish has emerged as an interesting vertebrate model to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adult neurogenesis, and notably its modulation by steroids. The main objective of this review is to summarize data related to the functional link between estrogens production in the brain and neurogenesis in fish. First, we will demonstrate that the brain of zebrafish is an endogenous source of steroids and is directly targeted by local and/or peripheral steroids. Then, we will present data demonstrating the progenitor nature of radial glial cells in the brain of adult fish. Next, we will emphasize the role of estrogens in constitutive neurogenesis and its potential contribution to the regenerative neurogenesis. Finally, the negative impacts on neurogenesis of synthetic hormones used in contraceptive pills production and released in the aquatic environment will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Pellegrini
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Nicolas Diotel
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France; Inserm UMR 1188, Diabète athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), plateforme CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde F-97490, France; Université de La Réunion, UMR 1188, Sainte-Clotilde F-97490, France
| | - Colette Vaillant-Capitaine
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Rita Pérez Maria
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France; Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI. CONICET-UNL), Paraje El Pozo, Ciudad Universitaria UNL, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marie-Madeleine Gueguen
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Ahmed Nasri
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France; Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement, Unité d'Ecologie côtière et d'Ecotoxicologie, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Joel Cano Nicolau
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Kah
- Inserm U1085, Université de Rennes 1, Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, 35000 Rennes, France
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Cano-Nicolau J, Vaillant C, Pellegrini E, Charlier TD, Kah O, Coumailleau P. Estrogenic Effects of Several BPA Analogs in the Developing Zebrafish Brain. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:112. [PMID: 27047331 PMCID: PMC4805609 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Important set of studies have demonstrated the endocrine disrupting activity of Bisphenol A (BPA). The present work aimed at defining estrogenic-like activity of several BPA structural analogs, including BPS, BPF, BPAF, and BPAP, on 4- or 7-day post-fertilization (dpf) zebrafish larva as an in vivo model. We measured the induction level of the estrogen-sensitive marker cyp19a1b gene (Aromatase B), expressed in the brain, using three different in situ/in vivo strategies: (1) Quantification of cyp19a1b transcripts using RT-qPCR in wild type 7-dpf larva brains exposed to bisphenols; (2) Detection and distribution of cyp19a1b transcripts using in situ hybridization on 7-dpf brain sections (hypothalamus); and (3) Quantification of the cyp19a1b promoter activity in live cyp19a1b-GFP transgenic zebrafish (EASZY assay) at 4-dpf larval stage. These three different experimental approaches demonstrated that BPS, BPF, or BPAF exposure, similarly to BPA, significantly activates the expression of the estrogenic marker in the brain of developing zebrafish. In vitro experiments using both reporter gene assay in a glial cell context and competitive ligand binding assays strongly suggested that up-regulation of cyp19a1b is largely mediated by the zebrafish estrogen nuclear receptor alpha (zfERα). Importantly, and in contrast to other tested bisphenol A analogs, the bisphenol AP (BPAP) did not show estrogenic activity in our model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Cano-Nicolau
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1085, SFR Biosite, Université de Rennes 1 Rennes, France
| | - Colette Vaillant
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1085, SFR Biosite, Université de Rennes 1 Rennes, France
| | - Elisabeth Pellegrini
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1085, SFR Biosite, Université de Rennes 1 Rennes, France
| | - Thierry D Charlier
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1085, SFR Biosite, Université de Rennes 1 Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Kah
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1085, SFR Biosite, Université de Rennes 1 Rennes, France
| | - Pascal Coumailleau
- Research Institute in Health, Environment and Occupation, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1085, SFR Biosite, Université de Rennes 1 Rennes, France
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Liu H, Gooneratne R, Huang X, Lai R, Wei J, Wang W. A rapid in vivo zebrafish model to elucidate oxidative stress-mediated PCB126-induced apoptosis and developmental toxicity. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 84:91-102. [PMID: 25770664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin-like 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) is one of the most potent and widespread environmental pollutants. Although PCB126-induced toxicity is related to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway, there is still no study that has constructed an in vivo visual model to clarify the role of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in the oxidative stress mechanism of PCB126-induced toxicity. In the present study, an in vivo zebrafish model of nrf2a fused to enhanced green fluorescent protein (nrf2a-eGFP) was constructed. The zebrafish embryos microinjected with nrf2a-eGFP (72h postfertilization) were exposed to various concentrations of PCB126 (0, 25, 50, 100, 200μg/L) or 30mMN-acetylcysteine (NAC)+200μg/L PCB126. After 72h exposure, PCB126 significantly increased the malformation rates and induced eGFP expression in a dose-dependent manner in several zebrafish tissue types. The distribution of eGFP fluorescence coincided with developmental deformity sites. NAC pretreatment effectively counteracted PCB126-induced developmental toxicity including heart rate, pericardial edema, and body length. The highest PCB126 dose, 200μg/L, produced marked apoptosis in the eye, gill, and trunk detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay. At 48 and 72h exposure, 200μg/L PCB126 affected glutathione metabolism as evidenced by decreased glutathione and increased glutathione disulfide concentrations, indicative of oxidative stress. These effects were also counteracted by NAC pretreatment. Furthermore, the Nrf2-regulated genes gclc, gpx, gstp1, and hmox1 were significantly induced at 24, 48, and 72h at the highest PCB126 exposures but not in the NAC-pretreated group. In addition, a significant increase in ROS generation was detected in zebrafish larvae at 72h PCB126 exposure, which might offer a link for future mechanistic studies. Collectively, these data suggest that PCB126-induced developmental toxicity and apoptosis in the nrf2a-eGFP-injected zebrafish model are due to oxidative stress mediated by disruption to glutathione metabolism and changes in Nrf2-regulated gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Lai
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Jin Wei
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People׳s Republic of China
| | - Weimin Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People׳s Republic of China.
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Chen P, Li S, Liu L, Xu N. Long-term effects of binary mixtures of 17α-ethinyl estradiol and dibutyl phthalate in a partial life-cycle test with zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:518-526. [PMID: 25385324 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Using 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) and dibutyl phthalate (DBP) as a typical estrogen and phthalate ester, respectively, their combined in vivo effects on zebrafish (Danio rerio) were investigated from the juvenile state to the adult stage. The authors spiked EE2 (5 ng/L and 20 ng/L) and DBP (0.1 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L) either individually or in mixture. At 45 d postfertilization (dpf), the survival rate of zebrafish was comparable in all treatments. Dibutyl phthalate did not induce vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis, and no interaction was found between EE2 and DBP on VTG induction. At 90 dpf, both liver and gill were subject to more severe damage (lipid vacuoles of hepatocytes, amalgamation of gill lamellae, and clubbing at the tips of the secondary lamellae) when coexposed to these 2 chemicals, compared with single exposure. At 115 dpf, generally none of the binary mixture groups showed significantly different growth and sex ratios compared with the corresponding EE2 alone groups. In conclusion, no obvious interactions were detected between EE2 and DBP on the growth, VTG induction, or sex ratio of zebrafish, and they may act independently. However, the influence on morphology of gonad, liver, and gill induced by exposure to the mixture of EE2 and DBP was generally more potent than that by single exposure to EE2 or DBP, indicating the combined long-term harmful effects of EE2 and DBP on the development of zebrafish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:518-526. © 2014 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Urban Habitat Environmental Science and Technology, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
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Abstract
The use of transgenics in fish is a relatively recent development for advancing understanding of genetic mechanisms and developmental processes, improving aquaculture, and for pharmaceutical discovery. Transgenic fish have also been applied in ecotoxicology where they have the potential to provide more advanced and integrated systems for assessing health impacts of chemicals. The zebrafish (Daniorerio) is the most popular fish for transgenic models, for reasons including their high fecundity, transparency of their embryos, rapid organogenesis and availability of extensive genetic resources. The most commonly used technique for producing transgenic zebrafish is via microinjection of transgenes into fertilized eggs. Transposon and meganuclease have become the most reliable methods for insertion of the genetic construct in the production of stable transgenic fish lines. The GAL4-UAS system, where GAL4 is placed under the control of a desired promoter and UAS is fused with a fluorescent marker, has greatly enhanced model development for studies in ecotoxicology. Transgenic fish have been developed to study for the effects of heavy metal toxicity (via heat-shock protein genes), oxidative stress (via an electrophile-responsive element), for various organic chemicals acting through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, thyroid and glucocorticoid response pathways, and estrogenicity. These models vary in their sensitivity with only very few able to detect responses for environmentally relevant exposures. Nevertheless, the potential of these systems for analyses of chemical effects in real time and across multiple targets in intact organisms is considerable. Here we illustrate the techniques used for generating transgenic zebrafish and assess progress in the development and application of transgenic fish (principally zebrafish) for studies in environmental toxicology. We further provide a viewpoint on future development opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okhyun Lee
- Biosciences, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter , Exeter, Devon , UK
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Vandenberg LN, Ehrlich S, Belcher SM, Ben-Jonathan N, Dolinoy DC, Hugo ER, Hunt PA, Newbold RR, Rubin BS, Saili KS, Soto AM, Wang HS, vom Saal FS. Low dose effects of bisphenol A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4161/endo.26490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bugel SM, Tanguay RL, Planchart A. Zebrafish: A marvel of high-throughput biology for 21 st century toxicology. Curr Environ Health Rep 2014; 1:341-352. [PMID: 25678986 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-014-0029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionary conservation of genomic, biochemical and developmental features between zebrafish and humans is gradually coming into focus with the end result that the zebrafish embryo model has emerged as a powerful tool for uncovering the effects of environmental exposures on a multitude of biological processes with direct relevance to human health. In this review, we highlight advances in automation, high-throughput (HT) screening, and analysis that leverage the power of the zebrafish embryo model for unparalleled advances in our understanding of how chemicals in our environment affect our health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Bugel
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333
| | - Antonio Planchart
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
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Fetter E, Krauss M, Brion F, Kah O, Scholz S, Brack W. Effect-directed analysis for estrogenic compounds in a fluvial sediment sample using transgenic cyp19a1b-GFP zebrafish embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 154:221-229. [PMID: 24927039 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Xenoestrogens may persist in the environment by binding to sediments or suspended particulate matter serving as long-term reservoir and source of exposure, particularly for organisms living in or in contact with sediments. In this study, we present for the first time an effect-directed analysis (EDA) for identifying estrogenic compounds in a sediment sample using embryos of a transgenic reporter fish strain. In the tg(cyp19a1b-GFP) transgenic zebrafish strain, the expression of GFP (green fluorescent protein) in the brain is driven by an oestrogen responsive element in the promoter of the cyp19a1b (aromatase) gene. The selected sediment sample of the Czech river Bilina had already been analysed in a previous EDA using the yeast oestrogen screening assay and had revealed fractions containing estrogenic compounds. When normal phase HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) fractionation was used for the separation of the sediment sample, the biotest with transgenic fish embryos revealed two estrogenic fractions. Chemical analysis of candidate compounds in these sediment fractions suggested alkylphenols and estrone as candidate compounds responsible for the observed estrogenic effect. Alkylphenol concentrations could partially explain the estrogenicity of the fractions. However, xenoestrogens below the analytical detection limit or non-targeted estrogenic compounds have probably also contributed to the sample's estrogenic potency. The results indicated the suitability of the tg(cyp19a1b-GFP) fish embryo for an integrated chemical-biological analysis of estrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Fetter
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - François Brion
- Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Olivier Kah
- Research Institute for Environment, Health and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Almeida DV, Vaz B, Azevedo Figueiredo M, Junior ASV, Marins LF. Fluorescent transgenic zebrafish as a biosensor for growth-related effects of methyl parathion. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 152:147-151. [PMID: 24768855 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic fish models are potential alternative subjects in toxicological studies, since they can provide in vivo information on the deleterious effects of different substances. Here, we used a transgenic zebrafish (Danio rerio) lineage, which expresses a destabilized fluorescent protein (DsRED) driven by the myosin light chain promoter (Mylz2), in order to propose a new research tool for environmental biomonitoring. For validating the MYO-RED lineage, we exposed fish to the organophosphorated pesticide methyl parathion (MP). The effect of MP on fish growth was assessed by evaluating weight, length, condition factor and muscle fiber diameter. All factors suffered reduction at both tested concentrations (0.13μM and 13μM of MP). Similarly, fluorescence intensity decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, suggesting muscle protein catabolism. However, DsRED gene expression lowered only at the higher MP concentration. Results indicate that the MYO-RED transgenic zebrafish is an interesting model for detecting the growth-related effects of pollutants. Destabilized proteins such as reporter genes are apparently sensitive biomarkers, since effects were observed even at the lower, environmentally acceptable concentration. Therefore, this transgenic fish is a promising candidate model for sensitive, fast, and easy environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Volcan Almeida
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Vaz
- Instituto Federal Sul-Riograndense, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Azevedo Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Luis Fernando Marins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Aquicultura, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Zhao Y, Wang C, Xia S, Jiang J, Hu R, Yuan G, Hu J. Biosensor medaka for monitoring intersex caused by estrogenic chemicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:2413-2420. [PMID: 24450822 DOI: 10.1021/es4052796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic chemicals can induce intersex in fish species leading to disturbance of spermatogenesis and impairment of reproductive success. To overcome the shortcomings of conventional histopathological observation on intersex (low sensitivity, relatively poor accuracy, long experimental periods, as well as laborious and time-consuming), we generated a pMOSP1-EGFP transgenic medaka fish model. In this transgenic fish, the green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter gene was derived by the regulatory elements of the OSP1 gene, which is a specific and sensitive molecular biomarker for indicating intersex occurrence in male medaka fish exposed to estrogenic chemicals. The transgenic GFP was faithfully expressed in ovaries and in testes with intersex, perfectly mimicking the expression pattern of endogenous OSP1. In intersex testis, the diameters of primary oocytes which could be distinguished by GFP fluorescence observation were as small as 10 μm, lower than that (more than 20 μm) which is observable by histopathology. Using the novel transgenic medaka fish, intersex was observed after 90-day exposure to 0.75 ng/L 17α-ethinyloestradiol (EE2) (0-90 dph), but only at concentrations of at least 1.38 ng/L EE2 by histopathology. An effectiveness of a short-term in vivo assay for screening estrogenic chemicals that can monitor intersex appearance at early sex developmental stage (about 30 dph) in male medaka fish was also demonstrated by assessing the intersex induction of EE2, 17β-estradiol and 4-nonylphenol. This newly developed assay provides an enhanced ability for screening and testing estrogenic chemicals with the potential to induce intersex and studying their biological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbin Zhao
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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