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Meyer DN, Silva I, Vo B, Paquette A, Blount JR, George SE, Gonzalez G, Cavaneau E, Khalaf A, Petriv AM, Wu CC, Haimbaugh A, Baker TR. Juvenile exposure to low-level 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) alters behavior and longitudinal morphometrics in zebrafish and F 1 offspring. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2024; 15:e22. [PMID: 39397699 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174424000229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), an environmental endocrine disruptor and model AhR agonist, is linked to skeletal abnormalities, cardiac edema, stunted growth rate, altered metabolism, and neurobehavioral deficits. We have previously reported transgenerational reproductive outcomes of developmental TCDD exposure in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), an NIH-validated model for developmental and generational toxicology. Using the same paradigm of sublethal TCDD exposure (50 pg/ml) at both 3 and 7 weeks post fertilization (wpf), we investigated several novel endpoints, including longitudinal morphometrics and anxiety-linked behavior, in fish exposed as juveniles. We also assessed developmental abnormalities and neurobehavior in their F1 larval offspring. TCDD exposure induced timepoint-dependent decreases in several craniofacial and trunk morphometrics across juvenile development. In early adulthood, however, only exposed males underwent a transient period of compensatory growth, ending between 7 and 12 months post fertilization (mpf). At 12 mpf, exposed adult fish of both sexes displayed increased exploratory behaviors in a novel tank test. The F1 offspring of parents exposed at both 3 and 7 wpf were hyperactive, but neurobehavioral outcomes diverged depending on parental exposure window. F1 exposure-lineage larvae had increased rates of edema and skeletal abnormalities, but fewer unhatched larvae compared to controls. Parent- and timepoint-specific effects of exposure on abnormality rate were also evaluated; these outcomes were considerably less severe. Our novel behavioral findings expand current knowledge of the long-term and intergenerational consequences of early-life TCDD exposure in a zebrafish model, in addition to delineating minor longitudinal morphometric changes in exposed fish and abnormalities in larval offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N Meyer
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Isabela Silva
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brianna Vo
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Amelia Paquette
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jessica R Blount
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Serena E George
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Madison-Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Gabrielle Gonzalez
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Emma Cavaneau
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Aicha Khalaf
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Anna-Maria Petriv
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Chia-Chen Wu
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alex Haimbaugh
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tracie R Baker
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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2
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Skalny AV, Aschner M, Zhang F, Guo X, Buha Djordevic A, Sotnikova TI, Korobeinikova TV, Domingo JL, Farsky SHP, Tinkov AA. Molecular mechanisms of environmental pollutant-induced cartilage damage: from developmental disorders to osteoarthritis. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:2763-2796. [PMID: 38758407 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-024-03772-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to review the molecular mechanisms of the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on chondrocytes and extracellular matrix (ECM). Existing data demonstrate that both heavy metals, including cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As), as well as organic pollutants, including polychlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), bisphenol A, phthalates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), pesticides, and certain other organic pollutants that target cartilage ontogeny and functioning. Overall, environmental pollutants reduce chondrocyte viability through the induction apoptosis, senescence, and inflammatory response, resulting in cell death and impaired ECM production. The effects of organic pollutants on chondrocyte development and viability were shown to be mediated by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling and modulation of non-coding RNA expression. Adverse effects of pollutant exposures were observed in articular and growth plate chondrocytes. These mechanisms also damage chondrocyte precursors and subsequently hinder cartilage development. In addition, pollutant exposure was shown to impair chondrogenesis by inhibiting the expression of Sox9 and other regulators. Along with altered Runx2 signaling, these effects also contribute to impaired chondrocyte hypertrophy and chondrocyte-to-osteoblast trans-differentiation, resulting in altered endochondral ossification. Several organic pollutants including PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PAHs, were shown to induce transgenerational adverse effects on cartilage development and the resulting skeletal deformities. Despite of epidemiological evidence linking human environmental pollutant exposure to osteoarthritis or other cartilage pathologies, the data on the molecular mechanisms of adverse effects of environmental pollutant exposure on cartilage tissue were obtained from studies in laboratory rodents, fish, or cell cultures and should be carefully extrapolated to humans, although they clearly demonstrate that cartilage should be considered a putative target for environmental pollutant toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly V Skalny
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Aleksandra Buha Djordevic
- Department of Toxicology "Akademik Danilo Soldatović", Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatiana I Sotnikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital N. a. S.P. Botkin of the Moscow City Health Department, 125284, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Korobeinikova
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jose L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 4320, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sandra H P Farsky
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 005508-000, Brazil
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435, Moscow, Russia.
- Laboratory of Ecobiomonitoring and Quality Control, Yaroslavl State University, 150003, Yaroslavl, Russia.
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Guerrero-Limón G, Zappia J, Muller M. A realistic mixture of ubiquitous persistent organic pollutants affects bone and cartilage development in zebrafish by interaction with nuclear receptor signaling. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298956. [PMID: 38547142 PMCID: PMC10977810 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
"Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)" have a plethora of deleterious effects on humans and the environment due to their bioaccumulative, persistent, and mimicking properties. Individually, each of these chemicals has been tested and its effects measured, however they are rather found as parts of complex mixtures of which we do not fully grasp the extent of their potential consequences. Here we studied the effects of realistic, environmentally relevant mixtures of 29 POPs on cartilage and bone development using zebrafish as a model species. We observed developmental issues in cartilage, in the form of diverse malformations such as micrognathia, reduced size of the Meckel's and other structures. Also, mineralized bone formation was disrupted, hence impacting the overall development of the larvae at later life stages. Assessment of the transcriptome revealed disruption of nuclear receptor pathways, such as androgen, vitamin D, and retinoic acid, that may explain the mechanisms of action of the compounds within the tested mixtures. In addition, clustering of the compounds using their chemical signatures revealed structural similarities with the model chemicals vitamin D and retinoic acid that can explain the effects and/or enhancing the phenotypes we witnessed. Further mechanistic studies will be required to fully understand this kind of molecular interactions and their repercussions in organisms. Our results contribute to the already existing catalogue of deleterious effects caused by exposure to POPs and help to understand the potential consequences in at risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Guerrero-Limón
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jérémie Zappia
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU-Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marc Muller
- Laboratory for Organogenesis and Regeneration, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Li S, Chen S, Meng Y, Zhang S, Cai T. Identification and pretreatment analysis of endogenous degradation products of patulin in zebrafish. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 184:114414. [PMID: 38128688 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Identification and pretreatment analysis of endogenous metabolites of patulin (PAT) in zebrafish were successfully carried out using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS. Three major metabolites, namely hydroascladiol, E-ascladiol, and Z-ascladiol, were identified. They exhibited similar fragmentation pathways to PAT, with the structurally significant ions *b' and *c' generated through the cleavage of the side chains of *b and *c, respectively. These ions were crucial for confirming the modification site and have been confirmed as characteristic fragments for the identification of PAT metabolites. Furthermore, a pretreatment method for analyzing PAT and the three metabolites in zebrafish was proposed, using solid-phase-assisted liquid/liquid extraction (SLLE) and matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) techniques. The initial purification process involved loading the aqueous phase onto a macroporous diatomaceous column, followed by elution with acetonitrile. Following this, neutral alumina powder was added to the organic phase, effectively eliminating interference from hydrophilic and lipid-soluble compounds through the optimization of this step. Due to their structural similarity, the three metabolites were semi-quantitatively analyzed using a PAT standard curve. The results demonstrated a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.001-0.02 μg/mL (r2 ≥ 0.999). The limit of detection for PAT and the three metabolites ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Ningbo No2 Hospital, Ningbo, China; Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, China
| | - Shubing Chen
- Ningbo Customs Technology Center, Ningbo, 315040, China
| | - Yanan Meng
- Guoke Ningbo Life Science and Health Industry Research Institute, Ningbo, China
| | | | - Ting Cai
- Ningbo No2 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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5
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Beler M, Ünal İ, Cansız D, Emekli-Alturfan E. Alcian Blue Staining for Chondrocranium Development in Zebrafish. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2753:447-457. [PMID: 38285358 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3625-1_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Craniofacial abnormalities are one of the most frequent birth malformations in humans, affecting around one in every thousand live births. The zebrafish (Danio rerio), a model organism that has seen increased usage in toxicological research in recent years, is ideal for assessing the effects of various chemicals on bone and cartilage structures. Chondrogenesis developed in zebrafish embryos by embryonic day 2, and supporting cartilage components are apparent at hatching (72 h post-fertilization). Individual cartilage may be observed using Alcian Blue staining as early as 2 days post-fertilization (dpf). The preferential binding of Alcian Blue causes the staining of zebrafish cartilage to acidic glycoproteins in an acidic solution (pH 2.2). In 72-120 hpf embryos, the cranial skeleton is easily visible after cartilage staining using Alcian Blue. Various cranial lengths and structures can be determined by measuring specific distances and angles to optimize the quantitative analysis of cranial malformations in zebrafish after exposure to various toxic agents. This chapter explains the Alcian Blue staining procedure to identify craniofacial cartilaginous structures in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merih Beler
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ünal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Cansız
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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6
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Meng Q, Wang Y, Yuan T, Su Y, Ge J, Dong S, Sun S. Association between combined exposure to dioxins and arthritis among US adults: a cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:5415-5428. [PMID: 38123769 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31423-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are common pollutants hazardous to human health. We applied 12 dioxins and DLCs data of 1851 participants (including 484 arthritis patients) from National Health Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001-2004 and quadrupled them into rank variables. Multivariate logistic regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to explore the relationship between individual or mixed exposure to the pollutants and arthritis after adjusting for multiple covariates. In multivariable logistic regression with an individual dioxin or DLC, almost every chemical was significantly positively associated with arthritis, except PCB66 (polychlorinated biphenyl 66) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptachlorodibenzofuran (hpcdf). The WQS model indicated that the combined exposure to the 12 dioxins and DLCs was positively linked to arthritis (OR: 1.884, 95% CI: 1.514-2.346), with PCB156 (weighted 0.281) making the greatest contribution. A positive trend between combined exposure and arthritis was observed in the BKMR model, with a posterior inclusion probability (PIP) of 0.987 for PCB156, which was also higher than the other contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Su
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jianxun Ge
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shankun Dong
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shui Sun
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, China.
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, Shandong, China.
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7
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Cintrón-Rivera LG, Burns N, Patel R, Plavicki JS. Exposure to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist dioxin disrupts formation of the muscle, nerves, and vasculature in the developing jaw. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122499. [PMID: 37660771 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to environmental pollutants can disrupt embryonic development and impact juvenile and adult health outcomes by adversely affecting cell and organ function. Notwithstanding, environmental contamination continues to increase due to industrial development, insufficient regulations, and the mobilization of pollutants as a result of extreme weather events. Dioxins are a class of structurally related persistent organic pollutants that are highly toxic, carcinogenic, and teratogenic. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most potent dioxin compound and has been shown to induce toxic effects in developing organisms by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor targeted by multiple persistent organic pollutants. Contaminant-induced AHR activation results in malformations of the craniofacial cartilages and neurocranium; however, the mechanisms mediating these phenotypes are not well understood. In this study, we utilized the optically transparent zebrafish model to elucidate novel cellular targets and potential transcriptional targets underlying TCDD-induced craniofacial malformations. To this end, we exposed zebrafish embryos at 4 h post fertilization to TCDD and employed a mixed-methods approach utilizing immunohistochemistry staining, transgenic reporter lines, fixed and in vivo confocal imaging, and timelapse microscopy to determine the targets mediating TCDD-induced craniofacial phenotypes. Our data indicate that embryonic TCDD exposure reduced jaw and pharyngeal arch Sox10+ chondrocytes and Tcf21+ pharyngeal mesoderm progenitors. Exposure to TCDD correspondingly led to a reduction in collagen type II deposition in Sox10+ domains. Embryonic TCDD exposure impaired development of tissues derived from or guided by Tcf21+ progenitors, namely: nerves, muscle, and vasculature. Specifically, TCDD exposure disrupted development of the hyoid and mandibular arch muscles, decreased neural innervation of the jaw, resulted in compression of cranial nerves V and VII, and led to jaw vasculature malformations. Collectively, these findings reveal novel structural targets and potential transcriptional targets of TCDD-induced toxicity, showcasing how contaminant exposures lead to congenital craniofacial malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layra G Cintrón-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Nicole Burns
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Ratna Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Jessica S Plavicki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
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Li Z, Jia K, Chen X, Guo J, Zheng Z, Chen W, Peng Y, Yang Y, Lu H, Yang J. Exposure to Butylparaben Induces Craniofacial Bone Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115523. [PMID: 37776822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Butylparaben (BuP) is a common antibacterial preservative utilized extensively in food, medical supplies, cosmetics, and personal care products. The current study reports the use of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to investigate potential developmental toxicity caused by exposure to BuP. The development of Neural crest cells (NCCs) is highly active during gastrulation in Zebrafish embryos. Thus, we utilized 0.5 mg/L, 0.75 mg/L, and 1 mg/L BuP solutions, respectively, in accordance with the international safety standard dosage. We observed severe craniofacial cartilage deformities, periocular edema, cardiac dysplasia, and delayed otolith development in the Zebrafish larvae 5 days after exposure. The oxidative stress response was significantly enhanced. In addition, the biochemical analysis revealed that the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly reduced relative to the control group, whereas the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly elevated. Furthermore, ALP activity, a marker of osteoblast activity, was also reduced. Moreover, the RT-qPCR results indicated that the expression of chondrocyte marker genes sox9a, sox9b, and col2a1a was down-regulated. In addition, the morphology of maxillofacial chondrocytes was altered in Zebrafish larvae, and the proliferation of cranial NCCs was inhibited. Accordingly, our findings indicate that strong oxidative stress induced by BuP inhibits the proliferation of NCCs in larval Zebrafish, leading to craniofacial deformities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China
| | - Kun Jia
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China
| | - Zhiguo Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China
| | - Weihua Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China
| | - Yuan Peng
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuhao Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China
| | - Huiqiang Lu
- Center for Drug Screening and Research, School of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Engineering Laboratory of Zebrafish Modeling and Drug Screening for Human Diseases, Ji'an 343009, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Jiangxi Clinical Medical Research Center of Oral Diseases, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi,China.
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Cintrón-Rivera LG, Oulette G, Prakki A, Burns NM, Patel R, Cyr R, Plavicki J. Exposure to the persistent organic pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) disrupts development of the zebrafish inner ear. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 259:106539. [PMID: 37086653 PMCID: PMC10519160 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins are a class of highly toxic and persistent environmental pollutants that have been shown through epidemiological and laboratory-based studies to act as developmental teratogens. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most potent dioxin congener, has a high affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor. TCDD-induced AHR activation during development impairs nervous system, cardiac, and craniofacial development. Despite the robust phenotypes previously reported, the characterization of developmental malformations and our understanding of the molecular targets mediating TCDD-induced developmental toxicity remains limited. In zebrafish, TCDD-induced craniofacial malformations are produced, in part, by the downregulation of SRY-box transcription factor 9b (sox9b), a member of the SoxE gene family. sox9b, along with fellow SoxE gene family members sox9a and sox10, have important functions in the development of the otic placode, the otic vesicle, and, ultimately, the inner ear. Given that sox9b is a known target of TCDD and that transcriptional interactions exist among SoxE genes, we asked whether TCDD exposure impaired the development of the zebrafish auditory system, specifically the otic vesicle, which gives rise to the sensory components of the inner ear. Using immunohistochemistry, in vivo confocal imaging, and time-lapse microscopy, we assessed the impact of TCDD exposure on zebrafish otic vesicle development. We found exposure resulted in structural deficits, including incomplete pillar fusion and altered pillar topography, leading to defective semicircular canal development. The observed structural deficits were accompanied by reduced collagen type II expression in the ear. Together, our findings reveal the otic vesicle as a novel target of TCDD-induced toxicity, suggest that the function of multiple SoxE genes may be affected by TCDD exposure, and provide insight into how environmental contaminants contribute to congenital malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layra G Cintrón-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Gabrielle Oulette
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Aishwarya Prakki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Nicole M Burns
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Ratna Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Rachel Cyr
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jessica Plavicki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
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10
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Cintr N-Rivera LG, Oulette G, Prakki A, Burns NM, Patel R, Cyr R, Plavicki J. Exposure to the persistent organic pollutant 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD, dioxin) disrupts development of the zebrafish inner ear. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.14.532434. [PMID: 36993549 PMCID: PMC10054988 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.14.532434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Dioxins are a class of highly toxic and persistent environmental pollutants that have been shown through epidemiological and laboratory-based studies to act as developmental teratogens. 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), the most potent dioxin congener, has a high affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor. TCDD-induced AHR activation during development impairs nervous system, cardiac, and craniofacial development. Despite the robust phenotypes previously reported, the characterization of developmental malformations and our understanding of the molecular targets mediating TCDD-induced developmental toxicity remains limited. In zebrafish, TCDD-induced craniofacial malformations are produced, in part, by the downregulation of SRY-box transcription factor 9b ( sox9b ), a member of the SoxE gene family. sox9b , along with fellow SoxE gene family members sox9a and sox10 , have important functions in the development of the otic placode, the otic vesicle, and, ultimately, the inner ear. Given that sox9b in a known target of TCDD and that transcriptional interactions exist among SoxE genes, we asked whether TCDD exposure impaired the development of the zebrafish auditory system, specifically the otic vesicle, which gives rise to the sensory components of the inner ear. Using immunohistochemistry, in vivo confocal imaging, and time-lapse microscopy, we assessed the impact of TCDD exposure on zebrafish otic vesicle development. We found exposure resulted in structural deficits, including incomplete pillar fusion and altered pillar topography, leading to defective semicircular canal development. The observed structural deficits were accompanied by reduced collagen type II expression in the ear. Together, our findings reveal the otic vesicle as a novel target of TCDD-induced toxicity, suggest that the function of multiple SoxE genes may be affected by TCDD exposure, and provide insight into how environmental contaminants contribute to congenital malformations. Highlights The zebrafish ear is necessary to detect changes in motion, sound, and gravity.Embryos exposed to TCDD lack structural components of the developing ear.TCDD exposure impairs formation of the fusion plate and alters pillar topography.The semicircular canals of the ear are required to detect changes in movement.Following TCDD exposure embryos fail to establish semicircular canals.
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11
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Kossack ME, Manz KE, Martin NR, Pennell KD, Plavicki J. Environmentally relevant uptake, elimination, and metabolic changes following early embryonic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136723. [PMID: 36241106 PMCID: PMC9835613 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin and dioxin-like compounds are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that induce toxicity by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor. The zebrafish model has been used to define the developmental toxicity observed following exposure to exogenous AHR ligands such as the potent agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (dioxin, TCDD). While the model has successfully identified cellular targets of TCDD and molecular mechanisms mediating TCDD-induced phenotypes, fundamental information such as the body burden produced by standard exposure models is still unknown. We performed targeted gas chromatography (GC) high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in tandem with non-targeted liquid chromatography (LC) HRMS to quantify TCDD uptake, model the elimination dynamics of TCDD, and determine how TCDD exposure affects the zebrafish metabolome. We found that 50 ppt, 10 ppb, and 1 ppb waterborne exposures to TCDD during early embryogenesis produced environmentally relevant body burdens: 38 ± 4.34, 26.6 ± 1.2, and 8.53 ± 0.341 pg/embryo, respectively, at 24 hours post fertilization. TCDD exposure was associated with the dysregulation of metabolic pathways that are associated with the AHR signaling pathway as well as pathways shown to be affected in mammals following TCDD exposure. In addition, we discovered that TCDD exposure affected several metabolic pathways that are critical for brain development and function including glutamate metabolism, chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis, and tyrosine metabolism. Together, these data demonstrate that existing exposure methods produce environmentally relevant body burdens of TCDD in zebrafish and provide insight into the biochemical pathways impacted by toxicant-induced AHR activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle E Kossack
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Katherine E Manz
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 184 Hope St, Box D, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Nathan R Martin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Kurt D Pennell
- School of Engineering, Brown University, 184 Hope St, Box D, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Jessica Plavicki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, 70 Ship St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
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12
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From Nucleus to Organs: Insights of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Molecular Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314919. [PMID: 36499247 PMCID: PMC9738205 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a markedly established regulator of a plethora of cellular and molecular processes. Its initial role in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds has been partially overshadowed by its involvement in homeostatic and organ physiology processes. In fact, the discovery of its ability to bind specific target regulatory sequences has allowed for the understanding of how AHR modulates such processes. Thereby, AHR presents functions in transcriptional regulation, chromatin architecture modifications and participation in different key signaling pathways. Interestingly, such fields of influence end up affecting organ and tissue homeostasis, including regenerative response both to endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Therefore, from classical spheres such as canonical transcriptional regulation in embryonic development, cell migration, differentiation or tumor progression to modern approaches in epigenetics, senescence, immune system or microbiome, this review covers all aspects derived from the balance between regulation/deregulation of AHR and its physio-pathological consequences.
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13
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Martin NR, Patel R, Kossack ME, Tian L, Camarillo MA, Cintrón-Rivera LG, Gawdzik JC, Yue MS, Nwagugo FO, Elemans LMH, Plavicki JS. Proper modulation of AHR signaling is necessary for establishing neural connectivity and oligodendrocyte precursor cell development in the embryonic zebrafish brain. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1032302. [PMID: 36523606 PMCID: PMC9745199 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1032302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-[p]-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent global pollutant that exhibits a high affinity for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a ligand activated transcription factor. Epidemiological studies have associated AHR agonist exposure with multiple human neuropathologies. Consistent with the human data, research studies using laboratory models have linked pollutant-induced AHR activation to disruptions in learning and memory as well as motor impairments. Our understanding of endogenous AHR functions in brain development is limited and, correspondingly, scientists are still determining which cell types and brain regions are sensitive to AHR modulation. To identify novel phenotypes resulting from pollutant-induced AHR activation and ahr2 loss of function, we utilized the optically transparent zebrafish model. Early embryonic TCDD exposure impaired embryonic brain morphogenesis, resulted in ventriculomegaly, and disrupted neural connectivity in the optic tectum, habenula, cerebellum, and olfactory bulb. Altered neural network formation was accompanied by reduced expression of synaptic vesicle 2. Loss of ahr2 function also impaired nascent network development, but did not affect gross brain or ventricular morphology. To determine whether neural AHR activation was sufficient to disrupt connectivity, we used the Gal4/UAS system to express a constitutively active AHR specifically in differentiated neurons and observed disruptions only in the cerebellum; thus, suggesting that the phenotypes resulting from global AHR activation likely involve multiple cell types. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that TCDD exposure reduced the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and their derivatives. Together, our findings indicate that proper modulation of AHR signaling is necessary for the growth and maturation of the embryonic zebrafish brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Martin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ratna Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Michelle E. Kossack
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Lucy Tian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Manuel A. Camarillo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Layra G. Cintrón-Rivera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Joseph C. Gawdzik
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Monica S. Yue
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States,Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Favour O. Nwagugo
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Loes M. H. Elemans
- Division of Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jessica S. Plavicki
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States,*Correspondence: Jessica S. Plavicki,
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14
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Acetaminophen Disrupts the Development of Pharyngeal Arch-Derived Cartilage and Muscle in Zebrafish. J Dev Biol 2022; 10:jdb10030030. [PMID: 35893125 PMCID: PMC9326545 DOI: 10.3390/jdb10030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen is a common analgesic, but its potential effects on early embryonic development are not well understood. Previous studies using zebrafish (Danio rerio) have described the effects of acetaminophen on liver development and physiology, and a few have described gross physiological and morphological defects. Using a high but non-embryonic lethal dose of acetaminophen, we probed for defects in zebrafish craniofacial cartilage development. Strikingly, acetaminophen treatment caused severe craniofacial cartilage defects, primarily affecting both the presence and morphology of pharyngeal arch-derived cartilages of the viscerocranium. Delaying acetaminophen treatment restored developing cartilages in an order correlated with their corresponding pharyngeal arches, suggesting that acetaminophen may target pharyngeal arch development. Craniofacial cartilages are derived from cranial neural crest cells; however, many neural crest cells were still seen along their expected migration paths, and most remaining cartilage precursors expressed the neural crest markers sox9a and sox10, then eventually col2a1 (type II collagen). Therefore, the defects are not primarily due to an early breakdown of neural crest or cartilage differentiation. Instead, apoptosis is increased around the developing pharyngeal arches prior to chondrogenesis, further suggesting that acetaminophen may target pharyngeal arch development. Many craniofacial muscles, which develop in close proximity to the affected cartilages, were also absent in treated larvae. Taken together, these results suggest that high amounts of acetaminophen can disrupt multiple aspects of craniofacial development in zebrafish.
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15
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Li K, Fan L, Tian Y, Lou S, Li D, Ma L, Wang L, Pan Y. Application of zebrafish in the study of craniomaxillofacial developmental anomalies. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:583-595. [PMID: 35437950 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Craniomaxillofacial developmental anomalies are one of the most prevalent congenital defects worldwide and could result from any disruption of normal development processes, which is generally influenced by interactions between genes and the environment. Currently, with the advances in genetic screening strategies, an increasing number of novel variants and their roles in orofacial diseases have been explored. Zebrafish is recognized as a powerful animal model, and its homologous genes and similar oral structure and development process provide an ideal platform for studying the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to human craniofacial malformations. Here, we reviewed zebrafish models for the study of craniomaxillofacial developmental anomalies, such as human nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without an affected palate and jaw and tooth developmental anomalies. Due to its potential for gene expression and regulation research, zebrafish may provide new perspectives for understanding craniomaxillofacial diseaseand its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liwen Fan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shu Lou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lan Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongchu Pan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Shankar P, Garcia GR, LaDu JK, Sullivan CM, Dunham CL, Goodale BC, Waters KM, Stanisheuski S, Maier CS, Thunga P, Reif DM, Tanguay RL. The Ahr2-Dependent wfikkn1 Gene Influences Zebrafish Transcriptome, Proteome, and Behavior. Toxicol Sci 2022; 187:325-344. [PMID: 35377459 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is required for vertebrate development and is also activated by exogenous chemicals, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and TCDD. AHR activation is well-understood, but roles of downstream molecular signaling events are largely unknown. From previous transcriptomics in 48-hours post fertilization (hpf) zebrafish exposed to several PAHs and TCDD, we found wfikkn1 was highly co-expressed with cyp1a (marker for AHR activation). Thus, we hypothesized wfikkn1's role in AHR signaling, and showed that wfikkn1 expression was Ahr2 (zebrafish ortholog of human AHR)-dependent in developing zebrafish exposed to TCDD. To functionally characterize wfikkn1, we made a CRISPR-Cas9 mutant line with a 16-bp deletion in wfikkn1's exon, and exposed wildtype and mutants to DMSO or TCDD. 48-hpf mRNA sequencing revealed over 700 genes that were differentially expressed (p < 0.05, log2FC > 1) between each pair of treatment combinations, suggesting an important role for wfikkn1 in altering both the 48-hpf transcriptome and TCDD-induced expression changes. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of 48-hpf wildtype and mutants revealed 325 significant differentially expressed proteins. Functional enrichment demonstrated wfikkn1 was involved in skeletal muscle development and played a role in neurological pathways after TCDD exposure. Mutant zebrafish appeared morphologically normal but had significant behavior deficiencies at all life stages, and absence of Wfikkn1 did not significantly alter TCDD-induced behavior effects at all life stages. In conclusion, wfikkn1 did not appear to be significantly involved in TCDD's overt toxicity but is likely a necessary functional member of the AHR signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarthana Shankar
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331
| | - Gloria R Garcia
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331
| | - Jane K LaDu
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331
| | - Christopher M Sullivan
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331
| | - Cheryl L Dunham
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331
| | - Britton C Goodale
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756 USA
| | - Katrina M Waters
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331.,Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, P.O. Box 999, USA WA 99352
| | | | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA
| | - Preethi Thunga
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - David M Reif
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Robyn L Tanguay
- The Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA OR 97331
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17
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Seelan RS, Pisano MM, Greene RM. MicroRNAs as epigenetic regulators of orofacial development. Differentiation 2022; 124:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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18
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Huang W, Wu T, Au WW, Wu K. Impact of environmental chemicals on craniofacial skeletal development: Insights from investigations using zebrafish embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 286:117541. [PMID: 34118758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Craniofacial skeletal anomalies are among the most common structural birth defects around the world. Various studies using human populations and experimental animals have shown that genetic and environmental factors play significant roles in the causation and progression of these anomalies. Environmental factors, such as teratogens and toxin mixtures, induce craniofacial anomalies are gaining heightened attention. Among experimental investigations, the use of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been increasing. A major reason for the increased use is that the zebrafish boast a simple craniofacial structure, and facial morphogenesis is readily observed due to external fertilization and transparent embryo, making it a valuable platform to screen and identify environmental factors involved in the etiology of craniofacial skeletal malformation. This review provides an update on harmful effects from exposure to environmental chemicals, involving metallic elements, nanoparticles, persistent organic pollutants, pesticides and pharmaceutical formulations on craniofacial skeletal development in zebrafish embryos. The collected data provide a better understanding for induction of craniofacial skeletal anomalies and for development of better prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianjie Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - William W Au
- University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Techonology, 540142, Tirgu Mures, Romania
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
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19
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Huang W, Wang X, Zheng S, Wu R, Liu C, Wu K. Effect of bisphenol A on craniofacial cartilage development in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: A morphological study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 212:111991. [PMID: 33548570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is present in everyday-used consumables and common household products. Although the side effects of BPA have been sufficiently explored, little is known the effects of environmentally relevant low levels of BPA on chondrogenesis in skeletal development. Here we used a morphological approach to investigate whether exposure to BPA (0, 0.0038, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0 μM) could affect craniofacial cartilage development of zebrafish embryo. Furthermore, we sought to determine receptor-mediated BPA induced chondrogenesis toxicity by co-exposing developing embryos to BPA and various inhibitors. Low-dose BPA affected heart rate and induced body and head elongation of larvae. Quantitative morphometric and histopathological analysis revealed that BPA exposure changed the angle and length of craniofacial cartilage elements and disrupted chondrocytes. BPA induced pharyngeal cartilage defects via multiple cellular pathways, including estrogen receptor, androgen receptor, and estrogen-related receptors. Our findings demonstrate that BPA alters the normal development of cartilage and craniofacial structures in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, in this study we find multiple cellular pathways mediating the effects of BPA-induced craniofacial chondrogenesis toxicity. Further experiments will allow for establishing a connection between BPA and increased risk of congenital malformation of the facial cranium in BPA-exposed populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
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20
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Chouryal YN, Nema S, Sharma RK, Kewat HL, Pandey A, Ghosh P, Bhargava Y. The nano-bio interactions of rare-earth doped BaF 2 nanophosphors shape the developmental processes of zebrafish. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:6730-6740. [PMID: 33111724 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01282c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles with biomedical applications should be evaluated for their biocompatibility. Rare-earth doped nanoparticles with unique spectral properties are superior in vivo optical probes in comparison with quantum dots and organic dyes, however, studies describing their nano-bio interactions are still limited. Here, we have evaluated the nano-bio interactions of green-synthesized, phase-pure BaF2 nanoparticles doped with rare-earth (RE3+ = Ce3+/Tb3+) ions using larval zebrafish. We found that zebrafish can tolerate a wide concentration range of these nanoparticles, as the maximal lethality was observed at very high concentrations (more than 200 mg L-1) upon five days of continuous exposure. At a concentration of 10 mg L-1, at which Zn2+, Ti4+ and Ag+ nanoparticles are reported to be lethal to developing zebrafish, continuous exposure to our nanoparticles for four days produced no developmental anomalies, craniofacial defects, cardiac toxicity or behavioural abnormalities in the developing zebrafish larvae. We have also found that the doping of rare-earth ions has no major effect on these biomarkers. Interestingly, the function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the cellular metabolic activity of whole zebrafish larvae remained unchanged, even during continuous exposure to these nanoparticles at 150 mg L-1 for four days; however, severe developmental toxicities were evident at this high concentration. Based on these results, we can conclude that the biocompatibility of rare-earth doped nanoparticles is concentration dependent. Not all biomarkers are sensitive to these nanoparticles. The high concentration-dependent toxicity occurs through a mechanism distinct from changes in the metabolic or AChE activity. The significance of these findings lies in using these nanoparticles for bioimaging applications and biomarker studies, especially for prolonged exposure times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogendra Nath Chouryal
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Dr. Harisingh Gour University (A Central University), Sagar-470003, M.P., India.
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21
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Meta-Analysis of Transcriptome Data Detected New Potential Players in Response to Dioxin Exposure in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217858. [PMID: 33113971 PMCID: PMC7672605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioxins are one of the most potent anthropogenic poisons, causing systemic disorders in embryonic development and pathologies in adults. The mechanism of dioxin action requires an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but the downstream mechanisms are not yet precisely clear. Here, we performed a meta-analysis of all available transcriptome datasets taken from human cell cultures exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Differentially expressed genes from different experiments overlapped partially, but there were a number of those genes that were systematically affected by TCDD. Some of them have been linked to toxic dioxin effects, but we also identified other attractive targets. Among the genes that were affected by TCDD, there are functionally related gene groups that suggest an interplay between retinoic acid, AhR, and Wnt signaling pathways. Next, we analyzed the upstream regions of differentially expressed genes and identified potential transcription factor (TF) binding sites overrepresented in the genes responding to TCDD. Intriguingly, the dioxin-responsive element (DRE), the binding site of AhR, was not overrepresented as much as other cis-elements were. Bioinformatics analysis of the AhR binding profile unveils potential cooperation of AhR with E2F2, CTCFL, and ZBT14 TFs in the dioxin response. We discuss the potential implication of these predictions for further dioxin studies.
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Prada D, López G, Solleiro-Villavicencio H, Garcia-Cuellar C, Baccarelli AA. Molecular and cellular mechanisms linking air pollution and bone damage. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 185:109465. [PMID: 32305664 PMCID: PMC7430176 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the second most important risk factor associated with noncommunicable diseases after smoking. The effects of pollution on health are commonly attributable to particulate matter (PM), a complex mixture of particles suspended in the air. PM can penetrate the lower respiratory tract and has harmful direct and indirect effects on different organs and tissues. Direct effects are caused by the ability of PM components to cross the respiratory membrane and enter the bloodstream; indirect effects are systemic consequences of the local airway response. Recent work suggests that PM is an independent risk factor for low bone mineral density and osteoporosis-related fractures. Osteoporosis is a common age-related disease closely linked to bone fractures, with severe clinical consequences affecting quality of life, morbidity, and mortality. In this review, we discuss potential mechanisms behind the association between outdoor air pollution, especially PM, and bone damage. The discussion features four main mechanisms: 1) several different atmospheric pollutants can induce low-grade systemic inflammation, which affects bone metabolism through a specific effect of cytokines such as TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 on osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function; 2) some pollutants, particularly certain gas and metal compounds, can cause oxidative damage in the airway and bone cells; 3) different groups of pollutants can act as endocrine disruptors when binding to the receptors in bone cells, changing their functioning; and 4) air pollution can directly and indirectly cause vitamin D deficiency. Characterizing these mechanisms will better define the physiopathology of bone damage, and recognizing air pollution as a modifiable risk factor for osteoporosis will inform environmental policies. Such knowledge will also guide the prevention of fractures due to fragility and help reduce health-related costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diddier Prada
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA; Unit for Biomedical Research in Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Gerard López
- Program of Support and Promotion of Research (AFINES), School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico; Department of Physiology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Helena Solleiro-Villavicencio
- Program of Support and Promotion of Research (AFINES), School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510, Mexico.
| | - Claudia Garcia-Cuellar
- Unit for Biomedical Research in Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA.
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Jiang Y, Lu Y, Jiang X, Hu J, Li R, Liu Y, Zhu G, Rong X. Glucocorticoids induce osteoporosis mediated by glucocorticoid receptor-dependent and -independent pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109979. [PMID: 32044718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinically, glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used to treat inflammation-related diseases; however, their long-term use causes side effects, such as osteoporosis and predisposition to bone fractures, known as glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Nr3c1 is the major glucocorticoid receptor, and its downstream signaling pathway is involved in regulating various intracellular physiological processes, including those related to bone cells; however, its mechanism in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) remains unclear. In this study, a zebrafish nr3c1-mutant was successfully generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology to investigate the role of nr3c1 in GIOP. Mutations in nr3c1 altered cartilage development and significantly decreased bone mineralization area. Additionally, qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of extracellular matrix-, osteoblast-, and osteoclast-related genes was altered in the nr3c1-mutant. The GC-Nr3c1 pathway regulates the expression of extracellular matrix-, osteoblast-, and osteoclast-related genes via Nr3c1-dependent and Nr3c1-independent pathways. A dual-luciferase reporter assay further revealed that GCs and Nr3c1 transcriptionally regulate matrix metalloproteinase 9 (mmp9), alkaline phosphatase (alp), and acid phosphatase 5a (acp5a). This study reveals that GCs/Nr3c1 affect the expression of genes involved in bone metabolism and provides a basis to determine the role of GIOP and Nr3c1 in bone metabolism and development. We also identified a new effector target for the clinical treatment of GIOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Yajun Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Yixin Shanjuan Orthopaedic Hospital, YiXing, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Jiawei Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Guoxing Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Rong
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China.
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24
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Crawford KA, Clark BW, Heiger-Bernays WJ, Karchner SI, Hahn ME, Nacci DE, Schlezinger JJ. Tributyltin disrupts fin development in Fundulus heteroclitus from both PCB-sensitive and resistant populations: Investigations of potential interactions between AHR and PPARγ. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 218:105334. [PMID: 31743820 PMCID: PMC6935467 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental contaminants that are highly toxic to fish and co-occur in New Bedford Harbor (NBH), an estuarine Superfund site located in Massachusetts, USA. Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) that reside in NBH (and other highly contaminated sites along the east coast of the United States) have developed resistance to activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway and the toxicity of dioxin-like chemicals, such as 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl, PCB126. In many biological systems, TBT disregulates adipose and bone development via the PPARγ-RXR pathway; AHR activation also disrupts adipose and bone homeostasis, potentially through molecular crosstalk between AHR and PPARγ. However, little is known about how co-exposure and the interaction of these pathways modulate the toxicological effects of these contaminants. Here, we tested the hypotheses that TBT would induce teratogenesis in killifish via activation of PPARγ and that PCB126 co-exposure would suppress PPARγ pathway activation in PCB-sensitive killifish from a reference site (Scorton Creek, SC, PCB-sensitive) but not in PCB-tolerant NBH killifish. Killifish embryos from both populations exposed to TBT (50 and 100 nM) displayed caudal fin deformities. TBT did not change the expression of pparg or its target genes related to adipogenesis (fabp11a and fabp1b) in either population. However, expression of osx/sp7, an osteoblast marker gene, and col2a1b, a chondroblast marker gene, was significantly suppressed by TBT only in SC killifish. An RXR-specific agonist, but not a PPARγ-specific agonist, induced caudal fin deformities like those observed in TBT-treated embryos. PCB126 did not induce caudal fin deformities and did not exacerbate TBT-induced fin deformities. Further, PCB126 increased expression of pparg in SC embryos and not NBH embryos, but did not change the expression of fabp1b. Taken together, these results suggest that in killifish embryos the PPARγ pathway is regulated in part by AHR, but is minimally active at least in this early life stage. In killifish, RXR activation, rather than PPARγ activation, appears to be the mechanism by which TBT induces caudal fin teratogenicity, which is not modulated by AHR responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Crawford
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - B W Clark
- Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - W J Heiger-Bernays
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - S I Karchner
- Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - M E Hahn
- Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - D E Nacci
- Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - J J Schlezinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Boston University Superfund Research Program, Boston, MA, USA; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education at Atlantic Ecology Division, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI, USA.
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Liu X, Li X, Tao Y, Li N, Ji M, Zhang X, Chen Y, He Z, Yu K, Yu Z. TCDD inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of human fetal palatal mesenchymal cells through AhR and BMP-2/TGF-β/Smad signaling. Toxicology 2019; 431:152353. [PMID: 31887333 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes cleft palate at high rates, but little is known about the underlying biological mechanisms. In the present study, we cultured osteoblasts from human fetal palate mesenchymal cells (hFPMCs) to explore the effects of TCDD on osteogenic differentiation. The results showed that TCDD significantly decreased cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition. RNA analyses and protein detection demonstrated that TCDD downregulated a wide array of pro-osteogenic biomarkers. Further investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that exposure to TCDD activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling and inhibited BMP-2/TGF-β1/Smad pathway molecules. The inactivation of AhR signaling using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated AhR deletion or by genetic siRNA knockdown significantly blocked the effects induced by TCDD, suggesting a critical role of AhR activation in the TCDD-mediated inhibition of hFPMC osteogenic differentiation. The cotreatment with TGF-β1 or BMP-2 and TCDD significantly relieved the activation of AhR and rescued the impairment of osteogenesis caused by TCDD. Taken together, our findings indicated that TCDD inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of hFPMCs via crosstalk between AhR and BMP-2/TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhuan Liu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xue Li
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuchang Tao
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, China
| | - Mengmeng Ji
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Division of Blood Vessel Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yao Chen
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhidong He
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kailun Yu
- School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zengli Yu
- Center for Clinical Single-Cell Biomedicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; School of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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26
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Jiang H, Yuan X, Fu Y. [Down-regulation of miR-381-3p inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal cells in 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-induced cleft palate of fetal mice]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2019; 33:1174-1180. [PMID: 31512462 PMCID: PMC8355864 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201901028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between down-regulation of miR-381-3p and inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells in 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced cleft palate of fetal mice. METHODS Thirty-two pregnant mice were randomly divided into TCDD group and control group, 16 in each group. On embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5), the pregnant mice in TCDD group were orally administrated with TCDD at dosage of 28 μg/kg, while the pregnant mice in control group received equivalent corn oil. The pregnant mice in each group were sacrificed on E13.5 and E14.5, fetal palates were collected for analysis. The expression of miR-381-3p was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and the protein expressions of runt- related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and osteopontin (OPN) were detected by Western blot. MEPM cells were extracted from fetal palates on E14.5 in control group and passaged. The 3rd passage cells were cultured with TCDD at dosage of 10 nmol/L for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 days. The expression of miR-381-3p was detected after 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 days and the protein expressions of RUNX2 and OPN were detected after 0, 1, 2, and 3 days. Then, the 3rd passage cells were divided into 4 groups. The MEPM cells were transfected with miR-381-3p inhibitor (inhibitor group), NC inhibitor (NC inhibitor group) and miR-381-3p mimics (mimics group), NC mimics (NC mimics group) for 48 hours, respectively. And the expressions of miR-381-3p and the protein expressions of RUNX2 and OPN were detected. RESULTS On E13.5 and E14.5, 96 fetal mice in control group and 92 in TCDD group were obtained. The bilateral palates contacted in control group on E14.5, and a gap between the bilateral palates existed in TCDD group. On E13.5 and E14.5, the relative expressions of miR-381-3p and RUNX2 and OPN proteins were significant lower in TCDD group than in control group ( P<0.05). The relative expression of miR-381-3p at 0.5 and 1 day after TCDD treatment of MEPM cells were significantly lower than that at 0 day ( P<0.05); then, the relative expressions at 2 and 3 days significantly increased, showing no significant difference when compared with that at 0 day ( P>0.05). The relative expressions of RUNX2 and OPN proteins at 1, 2, and 3 days were significantly lower than that at 0 day ( P<0.05). The relative expressions of miR-381-3p and RUNX2 and OPN proteins significantly lower in inhibitor group than in NC inhibitor group ( P<0.05) and higher in mimics group than in NC mimics group ( P<0.05). CONCLUSION Down-regulation of miR-381-3p expression may be associated with inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of MEPM cells in TCDD-induced cleft palate of fetal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, P.R.China
| | - Xingang Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014, P.R.China
| | - Yuexian Fu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, 400014,
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Gao L, Xu J, Li X, Wang T, Wu W, Cao J. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and TGFβ3-Mediated Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal Cells. Dose Response 2019; 17:1559325818786822. [PMID: 30853873 PMCID: PMC6399763 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818786822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a well-known environmental teratogenic effector for cleft palate. Transforming growth factor 3 (TGF-β3) is an essential growth factor for palatogenesis. The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of TCDD and TGF-β3 in mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. The effects of 10 nM TCDD, 10 ng/mL TGF-β3, or a combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 on MEPM cells were revealed by cell and biological methods. With the increase in TCDD (0.5-10 nM), the expression of TGF-β3 increased, but at TCDD concentrations greater than 10 nM, the expression of TGF-β3 reduced. The viabilities of MEPM cells decreased in the 10 nM TCDD-treated group. But the viabilities increased in the 10 ng/mL TGF-β3-treated group, and the viabilities were intermediate in the group treated with a combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3. This phenomenon was the same as that of the motilities. In addition, we found that the expression of p-Smad2, p-Smad3,and Smad7 were increased by TCDD, TGF-β3, combination of TCDD and TGF-β3, but the expression of Smad4 were decreased by TCDD, TGF-β3, combination of TCDD and TGF-β3. These data revealed that TCDD and TGF-β3 interacted and affected MEPM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Cao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People's Republic of China
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28
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Yoshioka W, Tohyama C. Mechanisms of Developmental Toxicity of Dioxins and Related Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E617. [PMID: 30708991 PMCID: PMC6387164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dioxins and related compounds induce morphological abnormalities in developing animals in an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent manner. Here we review the studies in which 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is used as a prototypical compound to elucidate the pathogenesis of morphological abnormalities. TCDD-induced cleft palate in fetal mice involves a delay in palatogenesis and dissociation of fused palate shelves. TCDD-induced hydronephrosis, once considered to be caused by the anatomical obstruction of the ureter, is now separated into TCDD-induced obstructive and non-obstructive hydronephrosis, which develops during fetal and neonatal periods, respectively. In the latter, a prostaglandin E₂ synthesis pathway and urine concentration system are involved. TCDD-induced abnormal development of prostate involves agenesis of the ventral lobe. A suggested mechanism is that AhR activation in the urogenital sinus mesenchyme by TCDD modulates the wingless-type MMTV integration site family (WNT)/β-catenin signaling cascade to interfere with budding from urogenital sinus epithelium. TCDD exposure to zebrafish embryos induces loss of epicardium progenitor cells and heart malformation. AHR2-dependent downregulation of Sox9b expression in cardiomyocytes is a suggested underlying mechanism. TCDD-induced craniofacial malformation in zebrafish is considered to result from the AHR2-dependent reduction in SRY-box 9b (SOX9b), probably partly via the noncoding RNA slincR, resulting in the underdevelopment of chondrocytes and cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Chiharu Tohyama
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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29
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Shen C, Zhou Y, Ruan J, Chuang YJ, Wang C, Zuo Z. Generation of a Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:EGFP) transgenic zebrafish line as a rapid in vivo model for detecting dioxin-like compounds. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 205:174-181. [PMID: 30391726 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are extremely stable toxic organic compounds and can cause serious health risks. To develop a convenient biomonitoring tool for the detection of DLCs in the environment, we generated a transgenic line-Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:EGFP)-with a zebrafish cyp1a promoter recombined with multiple dioxin-responsive elements (DREs) that drive EGFP expression. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced EGFP expression was observed in the head cartilage (most sensitive), gut, otic vesicle, pectoral fin bud and eye of larvae. The lowest observed effect concentration of TCDD was estimated to be approximately 1 ng/L. Compared with existing zebrafish lines, our transgenic fish displayed comparable or even higher detection sensitivity to DLCs and could serve as an improved and rapid assay in an in vivo context. The Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:EGFP) transgenic zebrafish line also had higher stability for inducing EGFP expression (nearly 100% of our zebrafish induced EGFP at approximately 1 ng/L TCDD) than other lines. In addition, Tg(cyp1a-12DRE:EGFP) zebrafish could serve as a convenient and straightforward tool to assess potential cranial malformations and related health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yixi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Jinpeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yung-Jen Chuang
- Department of Medical Science, Institute of Bioinformatics and Structural Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chonggang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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30
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Liyun G, Xu J, Li X, Wang T, Wu W, Cao J. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin and TGF-β3 Mediated-Mouse Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal Cells. Dose Response 2018; 16:1559325818810637. [PMID: 30479586 PMCID: PMC6247497 DOI: 10.1177/1559325818810637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a well-known environmental teratogenic agent for cleft palate. But transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3) is an essential growth factor for palatogenesis. This study is to clarify effects of TCDD and TGF-β3 in mouse embryonic palatal mesenchymal (MEPM) cells. The result showed that with increase of TCDD (0.5 nM-10 nM), the expression of TGF-β3 increased, but after 10 nM TCDD, the expression of TGF-β3 reduced. The viabilities of MEPM cells decreased in 10 nM TCDD-treated group. But the viabilities increased in 10 ng/mL TGF-β3-treated group, or the viabilities were between that of them in combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3-treated group. This phenomenon was the same as the motilities. In addition, we found that the expression of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and Smad7 was increased by 10 nM TCDD, 10 ng/mL TGF-β3, or combination of 10 nM TCDD and 10 ng/mL TGF-β3 induced, but the expression of Smad4 was decreased. These data revealed that the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway affected TCDD and TGF-β3 in MEPM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Liyun
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,Cooperative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Medical Inspection Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Stomatology, Zhengzhou People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Weidong Wu
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jia Cao
- School of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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31
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Fan X, Wu L, Hou T, He J, Wang C, Liu Y, Wang Z. Maternal Bisphenol A exposure impaired endochondral ossification in craniofacial cartilage of rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) offspring. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 163:514-520. [PMID: 30075455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting compound, is present in the aquatic environment. BPA can mimic estrogen and cause adverse effects on development and reproduction in different organisms. As epigenetic modifications due to BPA exposure have been reported, the interest on the effects of this chemical has increased. To assess the potential effects of maternal BPA exposure on offspring bone development, adult Gobiocypris rarus (G. rarus) females were exposed to 15 μg L-1 and 225 μg L-1 BPA for 21 days. Eggs were collected after artificial spawning and fertilized with the fresh milt of non-exposed male fish. The offspring were raised in clean water and randomly selected for examination at different development stages. Our results showed that specific effects including poor quality of the embryos, increased malformation (bent spine and tail), and delayed craniofacial cartilage ossification of the larvae. Additionally, the transcripts of ossification related genes were significantly downregulated in offspring, and the lysyloxidase activity decreased. The present study demonstrated the maternal-mediated skeleton toxicity of BPA and its adverse effects on G. rarus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lang Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Tingting Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiafa He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zaizhao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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32
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Garcia GR, Shankar P, Dunham CL, Garcia A, La Du JK, Truong L, Tilton SC, Tanguay RL. Signaling Events Downstream of AHR Activation That Contribute to Toxic Responses: The Functional Role of an AHR-Dependent Long Noncoding RNA ( slincR) Using the Zebrafish Model. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2018; 126:117002. [PMID: 30398377 PMCID: PMC6371766 DOI: 10.1289/ehp3281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A structurally diverse group of chemicals, including dioxins [e.g., 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)] and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), can xenobiotically activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and contribute to adverse health effects in humans and wildlife. In the zebrafish model, repression of sox9b has a causal role in several AHR-mediated toxic responses, including craniofacial cartilage malformations; however, the mechanism of sox9b repression remains unknown. We previously identified a long noncoding RNA, sox9b long intergenic noncoding RNA (slincR), which is increased (in an AHR-dependent manner) by multiple AHR ligands and is required for the AHR-activated repression of sox9b. OBJECTIVE Using the zebrafish model, we aimed to enhance our understanding of the signaling events downstream of AHR activation that contribute to toxic responses by identifying: a) whether slincR is enriched on the sox9b locus, b) slincR's functional contributions to TCDD-induced toxicity, c) PAHs that increase slincR expression, and d) mammalian orthologs of slincR. METHODS We used capture hybridization analysis of RNA targets (CHART), qRT-PCR, RNA sequencing, morphometric analysis of cartilage structures, and hemorrhaging screens. RESULTS The slincR transcript was enriched at the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the sox9b locus. Transcriptome profiling and human ortholog analyses identified processes related to skeletal and cartilage development unique to TCDD-exposed controls, and angiogenesis and vasculature development unique to TCDD-exposed zebrafish that were injected with a splice-blocking morpholino targeting slincR. In comparison to TCDD exposed control morphants, slincR morphants exposed to TCDD resulted in abnormal cartilage structures and a smaller percentage of animals displaying the hemorrhaging phenotype. In addition, slincR expression was significantly increased in six out of the sixteen PAHs we screened. CONCLUSION Our study establishes that in zebrafish, slincR is recruited to the sox9b 5' UTR to repress transcription, can regulate cartilage development, has a causal role in the TCDD-induced hemorrhaging phenotype, and is up-regulated by multiple environmentally relevant PAHs. These findings have important implications for understanding the ligand-specific mechanisms of AHR-mediated toxicity. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP3281.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria R Garcia
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Prarthana Shankar
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Cheryl L Dunham
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Abraham Garcia
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jane K La Du
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Lisa Truong
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Susan C Tilton
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Robert L Tanguay
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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Fernández I, Gavaia PJ, Laizé V, Cancela ML. Fish as a model to assess chemical toxicity in bone. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 194:208-226. [PMID: 29202272 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental toxicology has been expanding as growing concerns on the impact of produced and released chemical compounds over the environment and human health are being demonstrated. Among the toxic effects observed in organisms exposed to pollutants, those affecting skeletal tissues (osteotoxicity) have been somehow overlooked in comparison to hepato-, immune-, neuro- and/or reproductive toxicities. Nevertheless, sub-lethal effects of toxicants on skeletal development and/or bone maintenance may result in impaired growth, reduced survival rate, increased disease susceptibility and diminished welfare. Osteotoxicity may occur by acute or chronic exposure to different environmental insults. Because of biologically and technically advantagous features - easy to breed and inexpensive to maintain, external and rapid rate of development, translucent larvae and the availability of molecular and genetic tools - the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged in the last decade as a vertebrate model system of choice to evaluate osteotoxicity. Different experimental approaches in fish species and analytical tools have been applied, from in vitro to in vivo systems, from specific to high throughput methodologies. Current knowledge on osteotoxicity and underlying mechanisms gained using fish, with a special emphasis on zebrafish systems, is reviewed here. Osteotoxicants have been classified into four categories according to the pathway involved in the transduction of the osteotoxic effects: activation/inhibition of membrane and/or nuclear receptors, alteration of redox condition, mimicking of bone constituents and unknown pathways. Knowledge on these pathways is also reported here as it may provide critical insights into the development, production and release of future chemical compounds with none or low osteotoxicity, thus promoting the green/environmental friendly chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Fernández
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Paulo J Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal; Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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Chen J, Jacox LA, Saldanha F, Sive H. Mouth development. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2017; 6. [PMID: 28514120 PMCID: PMC5574021 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A mouth is present in all animals, and comprises an opening from the outside into the oral cavity and the beginnings of the digestive tract to allow eating. This review focuses on the earliest steps in mouth formation. In the first half, we conclude that the mouth arose once during evolution. In all animals, the mouth forms from ectoderm and endoderm. A direct association of oral ectoderm and digestive endoderm is present even in triploblastic animals, and in chordates, this region is known as the extreme anterior domain (EAD). Further support for a single origin of the mouth is a conserved set of genes that form a 'mouth gene program' including foxA and otx2. In the second half of this review, we discuss steps involved in vertebrate mouth formation, using the frog Xenopus as a model. The vertebrate mouth derives from oral ectoderm from the anterior neural ridge, pharyngeal endoderm and cranial neural crest (NC). Vertebrates form a mouth by breaking through the body covering in a precise sequence including specification of EAD ectoderm and endoderm as well as NC, formation of a 'pre-mouth array,' basement membrane dissolution, stomodeum formation, and buccopharyngeal membrane perforation. In Xenopus, the EAD is also a craniofacial organizer that guides NC, while reciprocally, the NC signals to the EAD to elicit its morphogenesis into a pre-mouth array. Human mouth anomalies are prevalent and are affected by genetic and environmental factors, with understanding guided in part by use of animal models. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e275. doi: 10.1002/wdev.275 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Chen
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Laura A Jacox
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology Program, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Hazel Sive
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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35
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Abstract
As manufacturing processes and development of new synthetic compounds increase to keep pace with the expanding global demand, environmental health, and the effects of toxicant exposure are emerging as critical public health concerns. Additionally, chemicals that naturally occur in the environment, such as metals, have profound effects on human and animal health. Many of these compounds are in the news: lead, arsenic, and endocrine disruptors such as bisphenol A have all been widely publicized as causing disease or damage to humans and wildlife in recent years. Despite the widespread appreciation that environmental toxins can be harmful, there is limited understanding of how many toxins cause disease. Zebrafish are at the forefront of toxicology research; this system has been widely used as a tool to detect toxins in water samples and to investigate the mechanisms of action of environmental toxins and their related diseases. The benefits of zebrafish for studying vertebrate development are equally useful for studying teratogens. Here, we review how zebrafish are being used both to detect the presence of some toxins as well as to identify how environmental exposures affect human health and disease. We focus on areas where zebrafish have been most effectively used in ecotoxicology and in environmental health, including investigation of exposures to endocrine disruptors, industrial waste byproducts, and arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Bambino
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Jaime Chu
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.
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36
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Watson ATD, Planchart A, Mattingly CJ, Winkler C, Reif DM, Kullman SW. From the Cover: Embryonic Exposure to TCDD Impacts Osteogenesis of the Axial Skeleton in Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes. Toxicol Sci 2016; 155:485-496. [PMID: 28077779 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies from mammalian, fish, and in vitro models have identified bone and cartilage development as sensitive targets for dioxins and other aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands. In this study, we assess how embryonic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorochlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure impacts axial osteogenesis in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), a vertebrate model of human bone development. Embryos from inbred wild-type Orange-red Hd-dR and 3 transgenic medaka lines (twist:EGFP, osx/sp7:mCherry, col10a1:nlGFP) were exposed to 0.15 nM and 0.3 nM TCDD and reared until 20 dpf. Individuals were stained for mineralized bone and imaged using confocal microscopy to assess skeletal alterations in medial vertebrae in combination with a qualitative spatial analysis of osteoblast and osteoblast progenitor cell populations. Exposure to TCDD resulted in an overall attenuation of vertebral ossification characterized by truncated centra, and reduced neural and hemal arch lengths. Effects on mineralization were consistent with modifications in cell number and cell localization of transgene-labeled osteoblast and osteoblast progenitor cells. Endogenous expression of osteogenic regulators runt-related transcription factor 2 (runx2) and osterix (osx/sp7), and extracellular matrix genes osteopontin (spp1), collagen type I alpha I (col1), collagen type X alpha I (col10a1), and osteocalcin (bglap/osc) was significantly diminished at 20 dpf following TCDD exposure as compared with controls. Through global transcriptomic analysis more than 590 differentially expressed genes were identified and mapped to select pathological states including inflammatory disease, connective tissue disorders, and skeletal and muscular disorders. Taken together, results from this study suggest that TCDD exposure inhibits axial bone formation through dysregulation of osteoblast differentiation. This approach highlights the advantages and sensitivity of using small fish models to investigate how xenobiotic exposure may impact skeletal development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Planchart
- Department of Biological Sciences.,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Carolyn J Mattingly
- Department of Biological Sciences.,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Christoph Winkler
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - David M Reif
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695.,Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695.,Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Department of Biological Sciences; .,Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695
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37
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Burns FR, Lanham KA, Xiong KM, Gooding AJ, Peterson RE, Heideman W. Analysis of the zebrafish sox9b promoter: Identification of elements that recapitulate organ-specific expression of sox9b. Gene 2015; 578:281-9. [PMID: 26721460 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The SRY-related high-mobility box 9 (SOX9) gene is expressed in many different tissues. To better understand the DNA elements that control tissue-specific expression, we cloned and sequenced a 2.5 kb fragment lying 5' to the zebrafish sox9b gene transcriptional start site. Three regions of this clone contained stable secondary structures that hindered cloning, sequencing, and amplification. This segment and smaller fragmentswere inserted 5' of an EGFP reporter and transgenic fish were raised with the different reporters. Reporter expression was also observed in embryos directly injected with the constructs to transiently express the reporter. Heart expression required only a very short 5' sequence, as a 0.6 kb sox9b fragment produced reporter expression in heart in transgenic zebrafish, and transient experiments showed heart expression from a minimal sox9b promoter region containing a conserved TATA box and an EGR2 element (-74/+29 bp). Reporter expression in transgenic skeletal muscle was consistently lower than in other tissues. Jaw, brain, and notochord expression was strong with the full-length clone, but was dramatically reduced as the size of the fragment driving the reporter decreased from approximately 1.8 to 0.9 kb. The 2.5 kb region 5' of the sox9b contained 7 conserved non-coding elements (CNEs) that included putative hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α), CAAT box (CCAAT), early growth response protein 2 (EGR2), and core promoter elements. While a synthetic fragment containing all 7 CNEs produced some degree of reporter expression in muscle, jaw, heart and brain, the degree of reporter expression was considerably lower than that produced by the full length clone. These results can account for the tissue-specific expression of sox9b in the developing zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe R Burns
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
| | - Kevin A Lanham
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kong M Xiong
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53705, USA; Immunoassay Research and Development, Beckman Coulter Inc., 1000 Lake Hazeltine Dr., Chaska, MN 55318, USA
| | - Alex J Gooding
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Richard E Peterson
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Warren Heideman
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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