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Desjardins K, Ponton DE, Bilodeau F, Rosabal M, Amyot M. Methylmercury in northern pike (Esox lucius) liver and hepatic mitochondria is linked to lipid peroxidation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172703. [PMID: 38703851 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) readily bioaccumulates and biomagnifies in aquatic food webs leading to elevated concentrations in fish and may thus induce toxicity. Oxidative stress is a suggested effect of MeHg bioaccumulation in fish. However, studies on how MeHg triggers oxidative stress in wild fish are scarce. The purpose of this study was to link the subcellular distribution of MeHg in the liver of northern pike from the St. Maurice River (Québec, Canada), affected by two run-of-river (RoR) dams, artificial wetlands, forest fires, and logging activity, to lipid peroxidation as an indicator of oxidative stress. We also evaluated the protective effects of the glutathione (GSH) system and selenium (Se), as they are known to alleviate MeHg toxicity. A customized subcellular partitioning protocol was used to separate the liver into metal-sensitive (mitochondria, microsome/lysosome and HDP - heat-denatured proteins) and metal-detoxified fractions (metal-rich granules and HSP - heat-stable proteins). We examined the relation among THg, MeHg, and Se concentration in livers and subcellular fractions, and the hepatic ratio of total GSH (GSHt) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) on lipid peroxidation levels, using the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), a product of lipid peroxidation. Results showed that hepatic MDA concentration was positively correlated with the combined MeHg and Se concentrations in northern pike liver (r2 = 0.88, p < 0.001) and that MDA concentrations were best predicted by MeHg associated with the mitochondria (r2 = 0.71, p < 0.001). This highlights the need for additional research on the MeHg influence on fish health and the interactions between Hg and Se in northern pike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Desjardins
- Groupe interuniversitaire en limnologie et en environnement aquatique (GRIL), Département de sciences biologiques, Complexe des sciences, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Dominic E Ponton
- Groupe interuniversitaire en limnologie et en environnement aquatique (GRIL), Département de sciences biologiques, Complexe des sciences, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - François Bilodeau
- Direction Environnement, Hydro-Québec, 800 Boul. De Maisonneuve Est, Montréal, Québec H2Z 1A4, Canada
| | - Maikel Rosabal
- Groupe interuniversitaire en limnologie et en environnement aquatique (GRIL), Département des sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Marc Amyot
- Groupe interuniversitaire en limnologie et en environnement aquatique (GRIL), Département de sciences biologiques, Complexe des sciences, Université de Montréal, 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada.
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Munshed M, Van Griensven Thé J, Fraser R, Matthews B, Elkamel A. Country-Wide Ecological Health Assessment Methodology for Air Toxics: Bridging Gaps in Ecosystem Impact Understanding and Policy Foundations. TOXICS 2024; 12:42. [PMID: 38250998 PMCID: PMC10820021 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Amid the growing concerns about air toxics from pollution sources, much emphasis has been placed on their impacts on human health. However, there has been limited research conducted to assess the cumulative country-wide impact of air toxics on both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as the complex interactions within food webs. Traditional approaches, including those of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), lack versatility in addressing diverse emission sources and their distinct ecological repercussions. This study addresses these gaps by introducing the Ecological Health Assessment Methodology (EHAM), a novel approach that transcends traditional methods by enabling both comprehensive country-wide and detailed regional ecological risk assessments across terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. EHAM also advances the field by developing new food-chain multipliers (magnification factors) for localized ecosystem food web models. Employing traditional ecological multimedia risk assessment of toxics' fate and transport techniques as its foundation, this study extends US EPA methodologies to a broader range of emission sources. The quantification of risk estimation employs the quotient method, which yields an ecological screening quotient (ESQ). Utilizing Kuwait as a case study for the application of this methodology, this study's findings for data from 2017 indicate a substantial ecological risk in Kuwait's coastal zone, with cumulative ESQ values reaching as high as 3.12 × 103 for carnivorous shorebirds, contrasted by negligible risks in the inland and production zones, where ESQ values for all groups are consistently below 1.0. By analyzing the toxicity reference value (TRV) against the expected daily exposure of receptors to air toxics, the proposed methodology provides valuable insights into the potential ecological risks and their subsequent impacts on ecological populations. The present contribution aims to deepen the understanding of the ecological health implications of air toxics and lay the foundation for informed, ecology-driven policymaking, underscoring the need for measures to mitigate these impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Munshed
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Lakes Environmental Software, Waterloo, ON N2L 3L3, Canada
| | - Jesse Van Griensven Thé
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Lakes Environmental Software, Waterloo, ON N2L 3L3, Canada
| | - Roydon Fraser
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Bryan Matthews
- Lakes Environmental Software, Waterloo, ON N2L 3L3, Canada
| | - Ali Elkamel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
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Ladeira C, Araújo R, Ramalhete L, Teixeira H, Calado CRC. Blood molecular profile to predict genotoxicity from exposure to antineoplastic drugs. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 891:503681. [PMID: 37770138 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Genotoxicity is an important information that should be included in human biomonitoring programmes. However, the usually applied cytogenetic assays are laborious and time-consuming, reason why it is critical to develop rapid and economic new methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate if the molecular profile of frozen whole blood, acquired by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, allows to assess genotoxicity in occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs, as obtained by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. For that purpose, 92 samples of peripheral blood were studied: 46 samples from hospital professionals occupationally exposed to antineoplastic drugs and 46 samples from workers in academia without exposure (controls). It was first evaluated the metabolome from frozen whole blood by methanol precipitation of macromolecules as haemoglobin, followed by centrifugation. The metabolome molecular profile resulted in 3 ratios of spectral bands, significantly different between the exposed and non-exposed group (p < 0.01) and a spectral principal component-linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) model enabling to predict genotoxicity from exposure with 73 % accuracy. After optimization of the dilution degree and solution used, it was possible to obtain a higher number of significant ratios of spectral bands, i.e., 10 ratios significantly different (p < 0.001), highlighting the high sensitivity and specificity of the method. Indeed, the PCA-LDA model, based on the molecular profile of whole blood, enabled to predict genotoxicity from the exposure with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 92 %, 93 % and 91 %, respectively. All these parameters were achieved based on 1 μL of frozen whole blood, in a high-throughput mode, i.e., based on the simultaneous analysis of 92 samples, in a simple and economic mode. In summary, it can be conclude that this method presents a very promising potential for high-dimension screening of exposure to genotoxic substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Ladeira
- H&TRC - Health & Technology Research Center, Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa (ESTeSL), Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Avenida D. João II, lote 4.69.01, Parque das Nações, 1990-096 Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rúben Araújo
- Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal; ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emidio Navarro 1, 1959‑007 Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Ramalhete
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emidio Navarro 1, 1959‑007 Lisboa, Portugal; Blood and Transplantation Center of Lisbon, Instituto Português do Sangue e da Transplantação, Alameda das Linhas de Torres, n◦ 117, 1769-001 Lisbon, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hélder Teixeira
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emidio Navarro 1, 1959‑007 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cecília R C Calado
- ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emidio Navarro 1, 1959‑007 Lisboa, Portugal; CIMOSM - Centro de Investigação em Modelação e Otimização de Sistemas Multifuncionais, ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emidio Navarro 1, 1959‑007 Lisboa, Portugal
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Córdoba-Tovar L, Marrugo-Negrete J, Ramos Barón PA, Calao-Ramos CR, Díez S. Toxic metal(loids) levels in the aquatic environment and nuclear alterations in fish in a tropical river impacted by gold mining. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 224:115517. [PMID: 36804317 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Atrato River basin was protected by Colombian law due to anthropogenic impacts, mainly from illegal gold mining, which triggered a critical environmental health problem. In this study we quantified mercury (Hg), methylmercury (MeHg) and arsenic (As) concentrations in aquatic environmental matrices, and explored for the first-time nuclear degenerations in fish from the Atrato River. The median concentrations (μg/kg) for T-Hg, MeHg and As in fish were 195.0, 175.5, and 30.0; in sediments (μg/kg) 165.5, 13.8 and 3.1; and in water (ng/L), 154.7 for T-Hg and 2.1 for As. A 38% and 10% of the fish exceeded the WHO limit for the protection of populations at risk (200 μg Hg/kg) and for human consumption (500 μg Hg/kg); while As concentrations were below the international standard (1000 μg/kg) in all fish. The percentage of MeHg was 89.7% and the highest accumulation was observed in carnivorous fish (336.3 ± 245.6 μg/kg, p < 0.05) of high consumption, indicating risk to human health. In water, T-Hg concentrations exceeded the threshold effect value of 12 ng/L, whereas As concentrations were below the threshold of 10,000 ng/L, established by USEPA. On the contrary, 33% of the sediments exceeded the quality standard of 200 μg/kg for Hg. We found that Prochilodus magdalenae was the species with the highest susceptibility to nuclear alterations in its order, nuclear bud (CNB, 3.7 ± 5.4%), micronuclei (MN, 1.6 ± 2.5%) and binucleated cells (BC, 1.6 ± 2.3%). These results indicate that the species appears to be a good predictor of genotoxicity in the Atrato River. Fulton's condition factor (K) indicated that 31.7% of the fishes had poor growth condition, suggesting that the Atrato River basin needs to be monitored and restored in accordance with the agreements reached in the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonomir Córdoba-Tovar
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Transversal 4#42-00, Bogotá, DC, Colombia; Environmental Toxicology and Natural Resources Group, Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó, Quibdó, Choco, A.A. 292, Colombia
| | | | - Pablo Andrés Ramos Barón
- Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Transversal 4#42-00, Bogotá, DC, Colombia
| | - Clelia Rosa Calao-Ramos
- Universidad de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Programa de Bacteriología, Cra 6 # 76 - 103, Montería, 230002, Córdoba, Colombia
| | - Sergi Díez
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, E-08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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Cruz-Esquivel Á, Díez S, Marrugo-Negrete JL. Genotoxicity effects in freshwater fish species associated with gold mining activities in tropical aquatic ecosystems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 253:114670. [PMID: 36857922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to investigate total mercury (THg), methylmercury (MeHg) and arsenic (As) concentrations, and their genotoxic effects on fish species in freshwater habitats impacted by gold mining activities in the Mojana and Bajo Cauca regions (Northern Colombia). A total of 255 individuals of Prochilodus magdalenae (PM) and Hoplias malabaricus (HM) were collected in different areas of northern Colombia, 205 in the exposed groups: Mojana 1 (61), Mojana 2 (81) and Bajo Cauca (63); and 50 individuals in the control group. Dorsal muscle was analysed for pollutants and blood to perform micronucleus (MN) and erythrocytic nuclear alterations (ENA) tests. The results of the MN revealed statistically significant (p < 0.05) genetic damage in both PM (Mojana 1 = 29.7 ± 14.2; Mojana 2 = 25 ± 6.25; Bajo Cauca= 26.6 ± 10.6) and in HM (Mojana 1 = 17.7 ± 7.8; Mojana 2 = 20.4 ± 6.3; Bajo Cauca= 20.8 ± 9.8) compared to the control group (PM= 10.5 ± 3.6; HM= 9.1 ± 3.9). Likewise, the frequency of ENA was statistically higher in the exposed groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the concentrations of THg, MeHg and As found in tissue samples were significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to the control group, being the Bajo Cauca region the area of highest risk due to high concentrations of THg (651.2 ± 344.5 μg/kg for HM and 678.5 ± 983.9 μg/kg for PM) and MeHg (504.6 ± 220.9 μg/kg for HM and 606.8 ± 886.4 μg/kg for PM). Results showed that mean THg values for both species in Bajo Cauca exceeded the WHO maximum limit (set in 500 μg Hg/kg) in fish for human consumption. Results suggest that DNA damage in erythrocytes is associated with the presence of Hg, MeHg and As, coming from mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergi Díez
- Environmental Chemistry Department, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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Jovanović Marić J, Kolarević S, Đorđević J, Sunjog K, Nikolić I, Marić A, Ilić M, Simonović P, Alygizakis N, Ng K, Oswald P, Slobodnik J, Žegura B, Vuković-Gačić B, Paunović M, Kračun-Kolarević M. In situ detection of the genotoxic potential as one of the lines of evidence in the weight-of-evidence approach-the Joint Danube Survey 4 Case Study. Mutagenesis 2023; 38:21-32. [PMID: 36367406 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental studies which aim to assess the ecological impact of chemical and other types of pollution should employ a complex weight-of-evidence approach with multiple lines of evidence (LoEs). This study focused on in situ genotoxicological methods such as the comet and micronucleus assays and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis as one of the multiple LoEs (LoE3) on the fish species Alburnus alburnus (bleak) as a bioindicator. The study was carried out within the Joint Danube Survey 4 (JDS4) at nine sites in the Danube River Basin in the Republic of Serbia. Out of nine sampling sites, two were situated at the Tisa, Sava, and Velika Morava rivers, and three sites were at the Danube River. The three additionally employed LoEs were: SumTUwater calculated based on the monitoring data in the database of the Serbian Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) (LoE1); in vitro analyses of JDS4 water extracts employing genotoxicological methods (LoE2); assessment of the ecological status/potential by SEPA and indication of the ecological status for the sites performed within the JDS4 (LoE4). The analyzed biomarker responses in the bleak were integrated into the unique integrated biomarker response index which was used to rank the sites. The highest pollution pressure was recorded at JDS4 39 and JDS4 36, while the lowest was at JDS4 35. The impact of pollution was confirmed at three sites, JDS4 33, 40, and 41, by all four LoEs. At other sampling sites, a difference was observed regarding the pollution depending on the employed LoEs. This indicates the importance of implementing a comprehensive weight-of-evidence approach to ensure the impact of pollution is not overlooked when using only one LoE as is often the case in environmental studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Jovanović Marić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Stoimir Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Đorđević
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Biology and Inland Waters Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Karolina Sunjog
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Biology and Inland Waters Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan Nikolić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Marić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Ilić
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Simonović
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikiforos Alygizakis
- Environmental Institute, Okružna 784/2, 97241 Koš, Slovak Republic.,Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Kelsey Ng
- Environmental Institute, Okružna 784/2, 97241 Koš, Slovak Republic
| | - Peter Oswald
- Environmental Institute, Okružna 784/2, 97241 Koš, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Bojana Žegura
- National Institute of Biology, Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Branka Vuković-Gačić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology, Chair of Microbiology, Center for Genotoxicology and Ecogenotoxicology, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Momir Paunović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Margareta Kračun-Kolarević
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Department of Hydroecology and Water Protection, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
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Rosales-Pérez KE, Elizalde-Velázquez GA, Gómez-Oliván LM, Orozco-Hernández JM, Cardoso-Vera JD, Heredia-García G, Islas-Flores H, García-Medina S, Galar-Martínez M. Response to letter to the editor about Rosales-Pérez et al., 2022 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133791)instigating reflections on methodological and analytical rigor in ecotoxicological studies based on the research by Rosales-Pérez et al. (2022) by Guilherme Malafaia. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137128. [PMID: 36370758 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Elisa Rosales-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Gustavo Axel Elizalde-Velázquez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Orozco-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Daniel Cardoso-Vera
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Heredia-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP, 50120, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Professional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Professional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México, CP, 07700, Mexico
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8
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Caliani I, Cannicci S, Pretti C, Baratti M, Contini G, Vitale M, Casini S, Fossi MC, Iannucci A, Fratini S. A multidisciplinary integrated approach using Pachygrapsus marmoratus to assess the impact of port activities on mediterranean marine protected areas. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137129. [PMID: 36356813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of marine protected areas is considered the main global strategy to halt the loss of marine biodiversity. Since most of marine areas are open systems, this form of habitat protection cannot prevent their contamination due to human activities performed outside of their borders. Innovative approaches to assess the health status of protected marine habitats are therefore needed. Here we developed a multidisciplinary approach that combines ecological characteristics, bioaccumulation of inorganic and organic pollutants, cell damage (micronuclei frequency, nuclear alterations and LPO) and enzymatic (AChE, CAT, IDH, LDH, GST and CAT) markers focused on an intertidal brachyuran crab, Pachygrapsus marmoratus, to assess the impacts of contaminant exposure on Mediterranean coastal habitats. As study sites we selected two protected areas and two sites within industrial ports of the Ligurian Sea. Our results showed that the selected crab species is an excellent bioindicator. Individuals collected in sites with the highest levels of heavy metal pollution showed the highest signals of stress responses at both cellular and enzymatic levels, coupled with a high incidence of the parasite Sacculina carcini, a signal of impairment of their standard development and reproduction cycle. We could also prove that one of the selected marine protected areas showed the same intensity of impact as its adjacent port site. Our multidisciplinary approach proved to be a valuable tool to assess the environmental quality and health of protected and disturbed Mediterranean coastal environments and to inform efficient management and protection schemes for such habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Stefano Cannicci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna Del Piano 6 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy; The Swire Institute of Marine Science and Area of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Viale N. Sauro 4, Livorno, I-57128, Italy; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale Delle Piagge 2, Pisa, I-56124, Italy.
| | - Mariella Baratti
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, IBBR-CNR, Via Madonna Del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), I-50019, Italy.
| | - Ginevra Contini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna Del Piano 6 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy.
| | - Matteo Vitale
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Fossi
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Alessio Iannucci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna Del Piano 6 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy.
| | - Sara Fratini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via Madonna Del Piano 6 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy.
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9
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Chen CZ, Li P, Liu L, Li ZH. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) larvae in response to acute waterborne cadmium or mercury stress. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 246:106134. [PMID: 35286993 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) larvae were exposed to the control group, Cd concentrations (0.5 and 2.5 mg/L), and Hg concentrations (0.1 and 0.3 mg/L) for 96 h. Transcriptome analysis showed that 816 and 1599 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in response to 2.5 mg/L Cd2+ and 0.3 mg/L Hg2+, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mostly associated with immune responses after Cd exposure, such as antigen processing and presentation, phagosome, apoptosis, and lysosome. Similarly, functional enrichment analysis showed that many pathways were mostly involved in metabolism after Hg exposure, such as glutathione metabolism and starch and sucrose metabolism. Results of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) showed that the abundance of 10 protein spots was significantly altered in the Cd2+ treatments. The proteomic analysis demonstrated that Cd toxicity might impair cytoskeletal and cell motility-related protein activity in the liver of G. rarus. Similarly, the abundance of 24 protein spots was significantly altered in the Hg2+ treatments. Hg toxicity regulates the expression of proteins belonging to several functional categories, including cytoskeleton, oxidative stress, digestive system, and energy metabolism. This study provides valuable relevant insight into the molecular mechanisms in response to Cd or Hg toxicity in aquatic organisms and will help screen for potential biomarkers to respond to Cd and Hg pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ping Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Li
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong 264209, China.
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10
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Kontaş S. In vivo assessment of genotoxic effects in Cyprinus carpio L., 1758 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) exposed to selected metal(oid)s. Toxicol Ind Health 2022; 38:277-286. [PMID: 35473491 DOI: 10.1177/07482337221092319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metals and metalloids originating from industrial, agricultural, and urban wastes and increasing in aquatic ecosystems cause genotoxic damage to fish species. This study aimed to determine the potential genotoxic effects of mixtures of aluminum, arsenic, and manganese in Cyprinus carpio. The effects of the mixtures on erythrocyte cells of C. carpio were examined using the comet assay, micronucleus test, and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities in two groups after exposure to three doses of the mixtures (Group A; Dose 1: 0.3 + 0.1 + 0.02 mg/L, Dose 2: 0.6 + 0.2 + 0.04 mg/L, Dose 3: 0.9 + 0.3 + 0.06 mg/L and Group B; Dose 1: 1 + 3 +0.1 mg/L, Dose 2: 2 + 6 + 0.2 mg/L, Dose 3: 3 + 9 + 0.3 mg/L). Experimental groups were formed according to the permissible limits specified in the Turkish Surface Water Quality Regulation (TSWQR). The results of comet assay parameters such as tail DNA %, tail moment, and olive tail moment confirmed the genotoxic effect of metal(oid)s mixtures on erythrocyte cells compared with control groups and showed that DNA damage increased with increasing the concentrations. The micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities such as blebbed nuclei, notched nuclei, eightshaped nuclei, lobed nuclei, and binucleated cells were detected in the erythrocyte cells exposed to the mixtures. Consequently, it was found that the frequency of micronucleus and erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities significantly increased in the erythrocyte cells exposed to metal(oid) concentrations compared to control groups. These results show the existence of potential genotoxicity in C. carpio even at the minimum values specified in the TSWQR after exposure to the mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Kontaş
- Fatsa Faculty of Marine Sciences, Fisheries Technology Engineering, 187474Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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11
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Sanajou S, Şahin G. Mechanistic Biomarkers in Toxicology. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:376-384. [PMID: 34157829 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.10270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers are important parameters that are reliable, applicable, reproducible, and generally inexpensive. All biomarkers have a significant role in human health, especially mechanistic biomarkers, which are the most important for the prevention of toxic effects and diseases. They demonstrate the possibility of diagnosis, prognosis, recurrence, and spread of disease. Furthermore, they show the exposure levels to numerous chemical, biological, and physical agents. To date, the development and application of biomarkers require the knowledge of mechanisms underlying their production. Therefore, the present study focused on the possible mechanistic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sanajou
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, 99628, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Gönül Şahin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, 99628, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey
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12
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Renu K, Chakraborty R, Myakala H, Koti R, Famurewa AC, Madhyastha H, Vellingiri B, George A, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Molecular mechanism of heavy metals (Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel and Cadmium) - induced hepatotoxicity - A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 271:129735. [PMID: 33736223 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals pose a serious threat if they go beyond permissible limits in our bodies. Much heavy metal's viz. Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel, and Cadmium pose a serious threat when they go beyond permissible limits and cause hepatotoxicity. They cause the generation of ROS which in turn causes numerous injuries and undesirable changes in the liver. Epidemiological studies have shown an increase in the levels of such heavy metals in the environment posing a serious threat to human health. Epigenetic alterations have been seen in the event of exposure to such heavy metals. Apoptosis, caspase activation as well as ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes have also been seen due to heavy metals. Inflammation involving TNF-alpha, pro-inflammatory cytokines, MAPK, ERK pathways have been seen in the event of heavy metal hepatotoxicity. All these have shown that these heavy metals pose a serious threat to human health in particular and the environment as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rituraj Chakraborty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Haritha Myakala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rajeshwari Koti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike lkwo, Nigeria
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889 1692, Japan
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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13
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Pillet M, Castaldo G, Rodgers EM, Poleksić V, Rašković B, Bervoets L, Blust R, De Boeck G. Physiological performance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) exposed to a sublethal copper/zinc/cadmium mixture. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 242:108954. [PMID: 33333321 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In a natural ecosystem, fish are subjected to a multitude of variable environmental factors. It is important to analyze the impact of combined factors to obtain a realistic understanding of the mixed stress occurring in nature. In this study, the physiological performance of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed for one week to an environmentally relevant metal mixture (4.8 μg/L of copper; 2.9 μg/L of cadmium and 206.8 μg/L of zinc) and to two temperatures (10 °C and 20 °C), were evaluated. After 1, 3 and 7 days, standard (SMR) and maximum metabolic rate (MMR) were measured and aerobic scope (AS) was calculated. In addition, hematocrit, muscle lactate, histology of the gills and metal accumulation in gills were measured. While SMR, MMR and AS were elevated at the higher temperature, the metal mixture did not have a strong effect on these parameters. At 20 °C, SMR transiently increased, but no significant changes were observed for MMR and AS. During metal exposure, hematocrit levels were elevated in the 20 °C group. The bioaccumulation of Cd in the gills reflected the increased metabolic rate at the higher temperature, with more accumulation at 20 °C than at 10 °C. Anaerobic metabolism was not increased, which corresponds with the lack of significant histopathological damage in the gill tissue. These results show that common carp handled these metal exposures well, although increased temperature led to higher Cd accumulation and necessitated increased hematocrit levels to maintain aerobic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pillet
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - G Castaldo
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - E M Rodgers
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - V Poleksić
- Institute of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - B Rašković
- Institute of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Zemun, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - L Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - G De Boeck
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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14
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Fernández-Trujillo S, López-Perea JJ, Jiménez-Moreno M, Martín-Doimeadios RCR, Mateo R. Metals and metalloids in freshwater fish from the floodplain of Tablas de Daimiel National Park, Spain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111602. [PMID: 33396122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Tablas de Daimiel National Park (TDNP) is a floodplain ecosystem in central Spain with a potential risk of heavy metal and metalloid pollution. The objective of this study was to know the accumulation of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and selenium (Se) in muscle of six species of freshwater fish from the floodplain of TDNP. We obtained muscle samples of Cyprinus carpio (n = 89); Squalius pyrenaicus (n = 16); Ameiurus melas (n = 9); Lepomis gibbosus (n = 8); Micropterus salmoides (n = 6) and Carassius auratus (n = 5). A. melas, which is a predatory species, had significantly higher Hg concentrations than omnivorous or herbivorous species (i.e. C. carpio). On the contrary, A. melas showed lower concentrations of As, Pb and Se than omnivorous species (i.e. S. pyrenaicus and L. gibbosus ). The concentration of Hg was positively associated with fish size in C. carpio and A. melas. Some individuals of C. carpio (5.7%) and S. pyrenaicus (12.5%) showed Pb muscle concentrations above the maximum residue levels established by the European legislation for human consumers. The observed muscle Se concentrations can be associated with adverse effects on fish such as blood changes, reduced growth, mortality of juveniles and reproductive failure. The accumulation of Se in this floodplain located in a seleniferous area and the contamination produced by spent Pb shot pellets used for hunting in the past are discussed as potential sources of the elevated levels of these two elements in fish from this floodplain wetland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Fernández-Trujillo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Jhon J López-Perea
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain; Faculty of Engineering, Technological University of Choco "Diego Luis Cordoba", A.A 292, cra 22 No.18B-10, Quibdó, Colombia
| | - María Jiménez-Moreno
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Rosa C Rodríguez Martín-Doimeadios
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Rafael Mateo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos (IREC), CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, Ronda de Toledo 12, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
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15
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Liao Y, Peng S, He L, Wang Y, Li Y, Ma D, Wang Y, Sun L, Zheng H, Yang W, Dai F, Zhao J. Methylmercury cytotoxicity and possible mechanisms in human trophoblastic HTR-8/SVneo cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111520. [PMID: 33254395 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) exposure during pregnancy can lead to adverse outcomes, including miscarriage and intrauterine growth retardation. In this study, MeHg cytotoxicity and its mechanisms in HTR-8/SVneo cells were investigated. MeHg inhibited HTR-8/SVneo cell viability and severely disrupted the cellular submicrostructure, showing a time-dose effect relationship. After MeHg treatment, the reactive oxygen species levels, malondialdehyde content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities in the HTR-8/SVneo cells increased significantly with increased MeHg concentration (P<0.05). Similarly, MeHg also induced HTR-8/SVneo cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The proportion of cells in G1 phase decreased with increasing MeHg concentration, while that in the S and G2/M phases gradually increased. Moreover, cell migration and invasion capacities gradually decreased with increasing MeHg concentration, showing a significant difference between the MeHg-treated and control groups. Genes related to oxidative stress (HSPA6, HSPA1A, Nrf2, SOD1, HO-1, NQO1, OSGIN1, and gPX1), cell cycle (P21 and CDC25A), apoptosis (CYCS and AIFM2), and migration and invasion (CXCL8, CXCL3, CLU, IL24, COL3A1, MAPT, and ITGA7) were differentially expressed in the MeHg-treated group, indicating MeHg toxicity and mechanism of action. This study will provide insights into the prevention and treatment of pregnancy-related diseases caused by MeHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shiqin Peng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lei He
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Danwei Ma
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong Zheng
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wenke Yang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fengyan Dai
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Zhao
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610101 Sichuan, PR China.
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16
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Waheed R, El Asely AM, Bakery H, El-Shawarby R, Abuo-Salem M, Abdel-Aleem N, Malhat F, Khafaga A, Abdeen A. Thermal stress accelerates mercury chloride toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus via up-regulation of mercury bioaccumulation and HSP70 mRNA expression. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 718:137326. [PMID: 32092518 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is an environmental pollutant that threatens aquatic life. Many environmental factors, including water temperature, are reported to influence the toxicity of dissolved chemicals in the aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, we investigated the impact of thermal stress on Hg-induced subchronic toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were randomly allocated into five groups. Group I served as the control and kept at 25 °C. Groups II, III, IV, and V were reared at 25, 28, 31, and 34 °C, respectively, and co-exposed to HgCl2 (1/10 LC50) for 42 days. Blood and tissue samples were collected after 21 and 42 days. All HgCl2-exposed groups exhibited significant elevations in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, and creatinine, along with decreases in the serum total protein and albumin. In addition, marked reductions in antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSPx), were observed. Remarkable increases in Hg tissue concentrations were detected along with increases in heat shock protein (HSP) 70 mRNA expression. Interestingly, the patterns data that were recorded were more coincident with the water temperature than the period of exposure. In conclusion, water temperature and exposure period are two crucial factors modulating HgCl2-induced toxicity and bioaccumulation in Nile tilapia. Our findings provide new insights concerning the impact of thermal stress as an environmental factor on Hg toxicity and bioaccumulation in Nile tilapia and, in turn, on fish and fish consumer health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Waheed
- Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Amel M El Asely
- Department of Aquatic Animals Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Hatem Bakery
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Ragab El-Shawarby
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abuo-Salem
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Nabila Abdel-Aleem
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt
| | - Farag Malhat
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina 22758, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh 13736, Egypt.
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17
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Yang L, Zhang Y, Wang F, Luo Z, Guo S, Strähle U. Toxicity of mercury: Molecular evidence. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 245:125586. [PMID: 31881386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Minamata disease in Japan and the large-scale poisoning by methylmercury (MeHg) in Iraq caused wide public concerns about the risk emanating from mercury for human health. Nowadays, it is widely known that all forms of mercury induce toxic effects in mammals, and increasing evidence supports the concern that environmentally relevant levels of MeHg could impact normal biological functions in wildlife. The information of mechanism involved in mercurial toxicity is growing but knowledge gaps still exist between the adverse effects and mechanisms of action, especially at the molecular level. A body of data obtained from experimental studies on mechanisms of mercurial toxicity in vivo and in vitro points to that disruption of the antioxidant system may play an important role in the mercurial toxic effects. Moreover, the accumulating evidence indicates that signaling transduction, protein or/and enzyme activity, and gene regulation are involving in mediating toxic and adaptive response to mercury exposure. We conducted here a comprehensive review of mercurial toxic effects on wildlife and human, in particular synthesized key findings of molecular pathways involved in mercurial toxicity from the cells to human. We discuss the molecular evidence related mercurial toxicity to the adverse effects, with particular emphasis on the gene regulation. The further studies relying on Omic analysis connected to adverse effects and modes of action of mercury will aid in the evaluation and validation of causative relationship between health outcomes and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012, Beijing, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012, Beijing, China
| | - Zidie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012, Beijing, China
| | - Shaojuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012, Beijing, China
| | - Uwe Strähle
- Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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18
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Baldissera MD, Souza CF, da Silva AS, Henn AS, Flores EMM, Baldisserotto B. Diphenyl diselenide dietary supplementation alleviates behavior impairment and brain damage in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) exposed to methylmercury chloride. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 229:108674. [PMID: 31760078 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) induces neurobehavioral disorders through reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation and impairment of brain key enzyme activities. Nevertheless, the therapeutic and toxic selenium concentrations for fish are very close; diphenyl diselenide (Ph2Se2), an organoselenium compound with neuroprotective effects, may be an alternative to elemental Se. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether dietary supplementation with Ph2Se2 prevented or reduced the neurobehavioral alterations and oxidative damage elicited by CH3HgCl in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Fish exposed to CH3HgCl exhibited significantly reduced distance travelled and swimming speed compared to the control group, as well as augmented cortisol and ROS levels and xanthine oxidase (XO) activities. CH3HgCl exposure significantly increased lipid peroxidation (LOOH) and protein carbonylation (PC) levels compared to those of the control group, while acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and sodium-potassium pump (Na+, K+-ATPase) activities were inhibited. Dietary supplementation with 3 mg/kg Ph2Se2 ameliorated locomotor activity impairment and prevented the augmented brain cortisol and ROS levels as well as XO activity. The supplement reduced lipid and protein damage elicited by CH3HgCl and exerted protective effects on brain AChE and Na+, K+-ATPase activities. Exposure to an environmental concentration of CH3HgCl elicited neurobehavioral alterations linked to reduced locomotor activity, a finding that can be explained by oxidative damage and reduced activity of AChE and Na+, K+-ATPase in telencephalon and mesencephalon structures. Dietary supplementation with Ph2Se2 prevented CH3HgCl-induced locomotor impairment. This effect appeared to be mediated by antioxidant action. Ph2Se2 may be a viable approach to prevention or reduction CH3HgCl-mediated neurotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus D Baldissera
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
| | - Carine F Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Aleksandro S da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Alessandra S Henn
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Erico M M Flores
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Bernardo Baldisserotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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19
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Heredia-García G, Gómez-Oliván LM, Orozco-Hernández JM, Luja-Mondragón M, Islas-Flores H, SanJuan-Reyes N, Galar-Martínez M, García-Medina S, Dublán-García O. Alterations to DNA, apoptosis and oxidative damage induced by sucralose in blood cells of Cyprinus carpio. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:411-421. [PMID: 31351285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sucralose (SUC) is an organochlorine that is used as a common sweetener in different dietary products around the world. Its extended use and production have led to this product is released into the environment in concentrations ranging from ng L-1 to μg L-1 in surface waters, groundwaters, wastewater treatment plants and ocean waters. A previous study carried out by our research team demonstrated that SUC is capable of inducing oxidative stress in Cyprinus carpio at environmentally-relevant concentrations. The aim of this study was to evaluate if SUC was capable of inducing alterations to DNA, apoptosis, and oxidative damage in the blood cells of C. carpio. Carps were exposed to two environmentally-relevant concentrations (0.05 and 155 μg L-1) of SUC, and the following biomarkers were determined: comet assay, micronucleus test (MN), caspase-3 activity, TUNEL assay, hydroperoxide content, lipid peroxidation level, protein carbonyl content and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Results obtained showed that SUC is capable of inducing DNA damage. A maximum increase of 35% and 23% were observed for c1 and c2, respectively in the comet assay; increases of 586% and 507.7% for c1 and c2, respectively, were found at 72 h through the MN test. The activity of caspase-3 showed a greater response for c1 and c2 at 96 h, with 271% and 493.5%, respectively. TUNEL assay also showed the highest response at 96 h, with 51.8 for c1 and 72.9 for c2; c1 y c2 were able to induce oxidative stress with the highest expression at 72 h. A correlation between DNA damage biomarkers, apoptosis and plasma levels of SUC in both concentrations were observed. With the data obtained, we can conclude that SUC, at environmentally-relevant concentrations, was capable of generating DNA alterations, apoptosis and oxidative stress in blood cells in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Heredia-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - José Manuel Orozco-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Marlenee Luja-Mondragón
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Nely SanJuan-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Sandra García-Medina
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n y cerrada Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Ciudad de México CP 07700, Mexico
| | - Octavio Dublán-García
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón intersección Paseo Tollocan, Colonia Residencial Colón, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
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20
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Corredor-Santamaría W, Torres-Tabares A, Velasco-Santamaría YM. Biochemical and histological alterations in Aequidens metae (Pisces, Cichlidae) and Astyanax gr. bimaculatus (Pisces, Characidae) as indicators of river pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 692:1234-1241. [PMID: 31539954 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The water quality from rivers near to cities has decreased drastically over the decades due to the environmental pollution. The Ocoa River on its way through the Villavicencio city, Colombia, receives large volumes of domestic and industrial wastewater. In order to establish the effect of the contamination, biochemical and histopathology biomarkers were evaluated in the gills and the liver of two native fish species. Astyanax gr. bimaculatus and Aequidens metae were caught in three sites of the Ocoa River (S1, S2 and S3) and in a reference River during the rainy and dry season. A. metae showed to be more sensitive to water pollution. In general, the rainy season induced a greater negative impact in the fish monitored. At site S3 (after crossing the city where urban runoff and industrial effluents are discharge and close to a landfill), increased inhibition of the antioxidant response and lipid membranes damage were observed; in addition, in this site the histopathological alterations were greater in both fish species. The impact observed in this study on fish health provoked for the Ocoa River contamination demands the need to begin strategies to solve the problem of discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater in aquatic environments in Colombia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Corredor-Santamaría
- Grupo de investigación en Biotecnología y Toxicología Acuática y Ambiental - BioTox, Escuela de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, km 12 vía Puerto López, vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
| | - Alexander Torres-Tabares
- Grupo de investigación en Biotecnología y Toxicología Acuática y Ambiental - BioTox, Escuela de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, km 12 vía Puerto López, vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
| | - Yohana M Velasco-Santamaría
- Grupo de investigación en Biotecnología y Toxicología Acuática y Ambiental - BioTox, Escuela de Ciencias Animales, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de los Llanos, km 12 vía Puerto López, vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia.
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21
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de Almeida Rodrigues P, Ferrari RG, Dos Santos LN, Conte Junior CA. Mercury in aquatic fauna contamination: A systematic review on its dynamics and potential health risks. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:205-218. [PMID: 31284912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is an important pollutant, released into aquatic ecosystems both naturally and by anthropogenic action. This element is transferred to aquatic organisms in different ways, causing potential health risks. In addition, mercury can be accumulated by humans, especially through the consumption of contaminated food. This systematic review aims to present mercury pathways, the major routes through which this element reaches the aquatic environment and its transformations until becoming available to living animals, leading to bioaccumulation and biomagnification phenomena. The key biotic and abiotic factors affecting such processes, the impact of mercury on animal and human health and the issue of seafood consumption as a source of chronic mercury contamination are also addressed. A total of 101 articles were retrieved from a standardized search on three databases (PubMed, Emabse, and Web of Science), in addition to 28 other studies not found on these databases but considered fundamental to this review (totaling 129 articles). Both biotic and abiotic factors display fundamental importance in mediating mercurial dynamics, i.e., muscle tropism, and salinity, respectively. Consequently, mercurial contamination in aquatic environments affects animal health, especially the risk of extinction species and also on human health, with methylmercury the main mercury species responsible for acute and chronic symptomatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma de Almeida Rodrigues
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Gomes Ferrari
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciano Neves Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Applied Ichthyology, Department of Ecology and Marine Resources, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte Junior
- Molecular and Analytical Laboratory Center, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil; Chemistry Institute, Food Science Program, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; National Institute of Health Quality Control, Fundaçãeo Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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22
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Reyes-Becerril M, Angulo C, Sanchez V, Cuesta A, Cruz A. Methylmercury, cadmium and arsenic(III)-induced toxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in Pacific red snapper leukocytes. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 213:105223. [PMID: 31207538 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As(III)) are among the most toxic metals in aquatic systems that have been associated with multiple animal and human health problems. This study investigated cytotoxic, oxidative stress, and apoptosis effects on fish leukocytes following their exposure to metals. A preliminary study indicated that leukocytes exposed to MeHg at a concentration of 0.01 mM, Cd at 0.05 mM, and As(III) at 2 mM showed a time-dependent cell viability reduction (around 40%), so they were selected for further experiments. To evaluate the effect of MeHg, Cd and As(III) on Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru, we measured cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT)), nitric oxide production, apoptosis-related and immune-related genes on head-kidney and spleen leukocytes following exposure to MeHg (0.01 mM), Cd (0.05 mM) and As(III) (2 mM) for 30 min and 2 h. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation highly increased in time-dependent doses in head-kidney leukocytes compared with the control group. Regarding antioxidant activity, SOD increased significantly in leukocytes exposed to any heavy metals after two h. Expressly, CAT activity decreased in those leukocytes exposed to Cd and As(III). Apoptotic function genes (Casp-2, Casp-3, and Casp-7) strongly up-regulated after heavy metal exposure, but Cd was more toxic. Finally, granzyme A and perforin 1 strongly up-regulated in leukocytes exposed to MeHg and As(III) compared with the control group. Our data showed that MeHg, Cd, and As(III) might have been cytotoxic and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis with possible biological consequences in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Reyes-Becerril
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico.
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Veronica Sanchez
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology & Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Spain
| | - Ariel Cruz
- Immunology & Vaccinology Group. Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, B.C.S., 23096, Mexico
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23
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Luja-Mondragón M, Gómez-Oliván LM, SanJuan-Reyes N, Islas-Flores H, Orozco-Hernández JM, Heredia-García G, Galar-Martínez M, Dublán-García O. Alterations to embryonic development and teratogenic effects induced by a hospital effluent on Cyprinus carpio oocytes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 660:751-764. [PMID: 30743961 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hospital functioning generates a great quantity of contaminants, among which organic materials, heavy metals, and diverse pharmaceuticals are noteworthy that can affect organisms if they are not properly removed from the effluents. The hospital effluent evaluated in the present study came from IMSS (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social) Clinic 221 in downtown Toluca, State of Mexico, a secondary care facility. The contaminants identified in hospitals have been associated with deleterious effects on aquatic organisms; however, it is necessary to continue with more studies in order to be able to regulate the production of said contaminants which are generally dumped into the city sewage system. The present study had the purpose of evaluating the alterations to embryonic development and teratogenic effects on oocytes Cyprinus carpio after exposure to different proportions of hospital effluent. For said purpose, the physicochemical properties of the effluent were determined. Concentrations of the main microcontaminants were also determined. An embryolethality study out and the determination of the main alterations to embryonic development and teratogenic effects produced, due to exposure of C. carpio at different proportions of the effluent, were carried out. The results showed that the physicochemical properties were within the values permitted by Mexican regulation; however, the presence of contaminants such as NaClO, metals, anti-biotics, anti-diabetics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormones and beta-blockers, was detected. Lethal concentration 50 was 5.65% and the effective concentration for malformations was 3.85%, with a teratogenic index of 1.46. The main teratogenic alterations were yolk deformation, scoliosis, modified chorda structure, tail malformation, fin deformity and mouth hyperplasia. A high rate of hatching delay was observed. The results suggest that the hospital effluent under study is capable of inducing embryotoxicity and teratogenicity in oocytes of C. carpio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlenne Luja-Mondragón
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Intersection of Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan, Residencial Colón neighborhood, 50120 Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Leobardo Manuel Gómez-Oliván
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Intersection of Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan, Residencial Colón neighborhood, 50120 Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Nely SanJuan-Reyes
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, National Institute of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Adolfo López Mateos Professional Unit, Wilfrido Massieu Ave., Gustavo A. Madero District, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Hariz Islas-Flores
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Intersection of Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan, Residencial Colón neighborhood, 50120 Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Orozco-Hernández
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Intersection of Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan, Residencial Colón neighborhood, 50120 Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Heredia-García
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Intersection of Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan, Residencial Colón neighborhood, 50120 Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Marcela Galar-Martínez
- Aquatic Toxicology Laboratory, Pharmacy Department, National Institute of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, Adolfo López Mateos Professional Unit, Wilfrido Massieu Ave., Gustavo A. Madero District, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Octavio Dublán-García
- Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Intersection of Paseo Colón and Paseo Tollocan, Residencial Colón neighborhood, 50120 Toluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
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24
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Pillet M, Castaldo G, De Weggheleire S, Bervoets L, Blust R, De Boeck G. Limited oxidative stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L., 1758) exposed to a sublethal tertiary (Cu, Cd and Zn) metal mixture. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 218:70-80. [PMID: 30658133 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Analyzing effects of metal mixtures is important to obtain a realistic understanding of the impact of mixed stress in natural ecosystems. The impact of a one-week exposure to a sublethal metal mixture containing copper (4.8 μg/L), cadmium (2.9 μg/L) and zinc (206.8 μg/L) was evaluated in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio). To explore whether this exposure induced oxidative stress or whether defense mechanisms were sufficiently fitting to prevent oxidative stress, indicators of apoptosis (expression of caspase 9 [CASP] gene) and of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA] level and xanthine oxidase [XO] activity) were measured in liver and gills, as well as activities and gene expression of enzymes involved in antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx], glutathione reductase [GR] and glutathione-S-transferase [GST]). The total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) was also quantified. No proof of oxidative stress was found in either tissue but there was indication of apoptosis in the liver. CAT, GPx, GR and GST total activities were reduced after 7 days, suggesting a potential decrease of glutathione levels and risk of increased free radicals if the exposure would have lasted longer. There were no major changes in the total activities of antioxidant enzymes in the gills, but the relative expression of the genes coding for CAT and GR were triggered, suggesting a response at the transcription level. These results indicate that C. carpio is well equipped to handle these levels of metal pollution, at least during short term exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pillet
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - G Castaldo
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - S De Weggheleire
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - L Bervoets
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R Blust
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - G De Boeck
- Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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25
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Gobi N, Vaseeharan B, Rekha R, Vijayakumar S, Faggio C. Bioaccumulation, cytotoxicity and oxidative stress of the acute exposure selenium in Oreochromis mossambicus. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:147-159. [PMID: 29990726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace-element that becomes toxic when present at high concentrations for aquatic organisms. The knowledge about the mechanism of Se toxicity in freshwater ecosystem is still poorly studied. Thus the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of environmentally relevant concentrations of Se toxicity: 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 µg/L or water only (control) for periods of 96 hour (h) to test for Se accumulation (gill, liver and brain), its effects on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (gill and liver), oxidative stress effects on lipid, protein (gill and liver), DNA (liver) and inhibition of AchE (brain) activity were measured in Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Our result showed that Se accumulation was observed in the gill, liver and brain tissues of fish exposed to different concentrations and accumulation varied upon different tissues. Enzymatic (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST) and non-enzymatic (GSH and MT) antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-s-transferase (GST) were significantly increased after 96 h exposure of higher concentrations Se in the gill and liver tissue with the exception of GST activity was significantly inhibited in liver after 96 h exposure of higher concentrations of Se. In contrast, catalase (CAT) activities were inhibited for both tissues of Se exposure at 96 h. Reduced glutathione (GSH) and Metallothionein (MT) levels were increased in the gill and liver tissues after exposure to Se for 96 h. We also observed that Se affected antioxidant defense, increasing oxidative stress indicator of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl (PCO) in gill and liver tissues of fish exposed to Se for 96 h at the concentration dependent manner. Increased DNA damage scores observed in liver tissue of fish exposed to Se for concentrations dependent manner, indicating potential of Se on fish. We also observed inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AchE) activity in brain tissue of fish exposed to Se for higher concentrations. The changes in these parameters can be used as suitable biomarkers for monitoring the toxicity of Se in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Gobi
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Campus 6(th) Floor, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Campus 6(th) Floor, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ravichandran Rekha
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Campus 6(th) Floor, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sekar Vijayakumar
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Campus 6(th) Floor, Karaikudi 630004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina-Viale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres, 31 98166 S.Agata-Messina, Italy
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26
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Patel TA, Rao MV. Antigenotoxic effect of melatonin against mercuric chloride in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:778-786. [PMID: 30278831 DOI: 10.1177/0748233718795747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MLT) is an extraordinary antioxidant, which plays an important role in reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) by scavenging them directly or indirectly. Mercury (Hg) is a heavy metal, which induces cytogenetic alterations via various mechanisms, leading to genotoxicity. It induces genotoxicity by enhancing the ROS chiefly. In the present study, the antigenotoxic effect of MLT was evaluated against mercuric chloride (HgCl2). All experiments were conducted in vitro in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Blood cultures were exposed to various concentrations of HgCl2 (2.63, 6.57, and 10.52 microM) for 24 h to study a range of genotoxic parameters. MLT (0.2 mM) supplementation, alone and in combination with the high concentration of Hg, was administered to blood cultures for 24 h. Genotoxic parameters, such as chromosomal aberrations (CAs; structural aberrations (chromatid gaps and breaks, chromosomal gaps and breaks) and numerical aberrations), micronuclei (MNs), and comet assay, were evaluated and analyzed using suitable statistical analysis. Hg treatment revealed a significant increase in CAs, MNs, and comet length. Co-supplementation of MLT along with Hg showed marked protection of these genotoxic end points in treated cultures. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MLT protects against Hg-induced augmentation in genotoxic indices because of its antioxidant property.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan A Patel
- 1 Department of Biology, Center of Education, Indian Institute of Teacher Education (IITE), Gandhinagar 382016, Gujarat, India
| | - Mandava V Rao
- 2 Department of Zoology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad 380009, Gujarat, India
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