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Bianchini A, Fukushima LM, Grillo AC, Inagaki KY, Souza JDA, Bechara LS, Destri G, Picolotto VAP, Vidal TJ, Araújo ALD, Fonseca JDS, Calderon EN, Salvi KP, Lacerda CHF, Costa PG, Mies M. Marine mesocosm system: A reliable tool for testing bioaccumulation and effects of seawater enrichment with dissolved iron in reef organisms. MethodsX 2024; 13:102949. [PMID: 39295632 PMCID: PMC11409000 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2024.102949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2015, a marine mesocosm facility was designed and implemented by the Coral Vivo Project in its research station (Porto Seguro, Bahia State, Brazil) to initially study the effects of global impacts, especially ocean warming and acidification, on coral reefs. However, local impacts, including seawater contamination with metal(loid)s, are considered as a major threat to coral reefs. Also, in 2015, the largest disaster involving a mining dam occurred in Brazil. Iron (Fe) mining tailings originated from the dam failure affected not only freshwater ecosystems (rivers, lakes and lagoons), but also adjacent beaches, mangroves, restingas, reefs and other marine systems. Seawater, sediments and biota were contaminated with metal(loid)s, especially Fe, arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and manganese (Mn). Therefore, we aimed to adapt the marine mesocosm facility of the Coral Vivo Project to evaluate the bioaccumulation and biological impacts of increasing concentrations of dissolved Fe on a diversity of reef organisms. Results obtained indicate a great versatility and reliability of the marine mesocosm system for application in biological and ecological studies on the isolated effect of seawater dissolved Fe on reef organisms of different functional groups simultaneously.•Studies involving seawater enrichment with dissolved Fe can be performed using a marine mesocosm system.•The marine mesocosm is a reliable tool to study the isolated effects of metal(loid)s on reef organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Avenida Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96.203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros 87, 45807-000, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, Brazil
| | - Letícia May Fukushima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Grillo
- Laboratório de Ecologia Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Via Costeira Senador Dinarte Medeiros Mariz s/n, 59014-002, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Kelly Yumi Inagaki
- Laboratório de Ecologia Marinha, Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Av. Via Costeira Senador Dinarte Medeiros Mariz s/n, 59014-002, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Juliana de Andrade Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Rodovia Manoel Hypólito do Rego km 131,50, 11600-000, São Sebastião, SP, Brazil
| | - Ligia Salgado Bechara
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Conservação, Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade - NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Av. São José do Barreto 764, 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Destri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, Cidade Universitária, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor André Passos Picolotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Campus Universitário, s/n, Córrego Grande, 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Thales Jean Vidal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia, Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Lopes de Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV, 36570-900, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Emiliano Nicolas Calderon
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros 87, 45807-000, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, Brazil
- Instituto de Biodiversidade e Sustentabilidade - NUPEM, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Av. São José do Barreto, 764, 27965-045, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Kely Paula Salvi
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros 87, 45807-000, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Gomes Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Av. Itália km 8, Campus Carreiros, 96203-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Miguel Mies
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros 87, 45807-000, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, Brazil
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Praça do Oceanográfico 191, Cidade Universitária, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Ni Z, Liu J, Cui W, Cao L, Dou S. Interactive impacts of CO 2-induced seawater acidification and cadmium exposure on antioxidant defenses of juvenile tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 201:116284. [PMID: 38522335 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Antioxidant responses of juvenile sole exposed to seawater acidification (SA) and Cd were investigated. SA increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the fish, independent of Cd concentrations. Cd at medium and high levels inflated LPO under no or moderate SA conditions. This effect was absent under high SA levels, due to SA effect exceeding and obscuring Cd effect. SA and Cd collaborated to provoke LPO, with SOD and CAT being stimulated to defend against oxidative stress, while those related to GSH redox cycle were inhibited under SA exposure. Responses of GSH-related antioxidants to Cd impact varied contingent on their interactions with SA. This defensive strategy was insufficient to protect fish from increased LPO. Antioxidants responded more sensitively to SA than Cd exposure. GSH, GR, SOD and CAT are sensitive biomarkers for SA conditions. The findings offer insights into assessing fish's antioxidant defense strategy under Cd and SA circumstances in natural habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Ni
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jinhu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenting Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300380, China
| | - Liang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuozeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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Pereira PHF, Fernandes L, Jesus HE, Costa PG, Lacerda CHF, Mies M, Bianchini A, Santos HF. The Impact of Highly Weathered Oil from the Most Extensive Oil Spill in Tropical Oceans (Brazil) on the Microbiome of the Coral Mussismilia harttii. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1935. [PMID: 37630495 PMCID: PMC10458584 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2019, the largest oil spill ever recorded in tropical oceans in terms of extent occurred in Brazil. The oil from the spill was collected directly from the environment and used in an exposure experiment with the endangered reef-building coral Mussismilia harttii. The treatments of the experiment were control (without oil), 1% oil, 2.5% oil, and direct contact of coral with oil. The most abundant hydrocarbon in the seawater of the experiment was phenatrene, which is toxic to corals. However, overall, the concentration of PAHs was not very high. The analysis of the maximum photosynthetic capacity of Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates showed a small impact of oil on corals, mainly on the contact treatment. However, coral microbiomes were affected in all oil treatments, with the contact treatment showing the most pronounced impact. A greater number and abundance of stress-indicating and potentially pathogenic bacteria were found in all oil treatments. Finally, this highly weathered oil that had lain in the ocean for a long time was carrying potentially coral-pathogenic bacteria within the Vibrionaceae family and was able to transmit some of these bacteria to corals. Bacteria within Vibrionaceae are the main causes of disease in different species of corals and other marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Henrique F. Pereira
- Department of Marine Biology, Fluminense Federal University—UFF, St. Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, Niterói 24210-201, RJ, Brazil; (P.H.F.P.); (L.F.); (H.E.J.)
| | - Luanny Fernandes
- Department of Marine Biology, Fluminense Federal University—UFF, St. Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, Niterói 24210-201, RJ, Brazil; (P.H.F.P.); (L.F.); (H.E.J.)
| | - Hugo E. Jesus
- Department of Marine Biology, Fluminense Federal University—UFF, St. Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, Niterói 24210-201, RJ, Brazil; (P.H.F.P.); (L.F.); (H.E.J.)
| | - Patricia G. Costa
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil; (P.G.C.); (A.B.)
| | - Carlos H. F. Lacerda
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, 87, Santa Cruz Cabrália 45807-000, BA, Brazil; (C.H.F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Miguel Mies
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, 87, Santa Cruz Cabrália 45807-000, BA, Brazil; (C.H.F.L.); (M.M.)
- Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, São Paulo 05508-120, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande—FURG, Av. Itália, s/n, Carreiros, Rio Grande 96203-900, RS, Brazil; (P.G.C.); (A.B.)
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, 87, Santa Cruz Cabrália 45807-000, BA, Brazil; (C.H.F.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Henrique F. Santos
- Department of Marine Biology, Fluminense Federal University—UFF, St. Professor Marcos Waldemar de Freitas Reis, Niterói 24210-201, RJ, Brazil; (P.H.F.P.); (L.F.); (H.E.J.)
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, 87, Santa Cruz Cabrália 45807-000, BA, Brazil; (C.H.F.L.); (M.M.)
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Medeiros IPM, Souza MM. Cell volume maintenance capacity of the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum: the effect of copper. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:50057-50066. [PMID: 36787068 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Cell volume regulation is an essential strategy for the maintenance of life under unfavorable osmotic conditions. Mechanisms aimed at minimizing the physiological challenges caused by environmental changes are crucial in anisosmotic environments. However, aquatic ecosystems experience multiple stressors, including variations in salinity and heavy metal pollution. The accumulation of heavy metals in aquatic ecosystems has a significant effect on the biota, leading to impaired function. The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of volume regulation in isolated cells of the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum exposed to nominal copper (Cu) concentrations of 5 and 50 µg L-1, associated or not with hypoosmotic (15‰) or hyperosmotic (45‰) shock for 15 min. In the absence of the metal, our results showed volume maintenance in all osmotic conditions. Our results showed that cell volume was maintained under all osmotic conditions in the absence of Cu. Similarly, no significant differences were observed in cell volumes under isosmotic and hyperosmotic conditions in the presence of both Cu concentrations. A similar homeostatic response was observed under the hypoosmotic condition with 5 µg L-1 Cu. Our results showed an increase in cell volume with exposure of the cells to the hypoosmotic condition and 50 µg L-1 Cu. The response could be associated with the increased bioavailability of Cu, reduced ability to resist multixenobiotics and their efflux pathways, and the impairment of water efflux in specialized transmembrane proteins. Therefore, B. cangicum pedal disk cells can tolerate osmotic variations in aquatic ecosystems. However, the capacity to regulate cell volume under hypoosmotic conditions can be affected by the presence of a metal contaminant (50 µg L-1 Cu), which could be due to the inhibition of water channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Porto Martins Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Marta Marques Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil.,Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Rio Grande, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil
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Martins I, Godinho A, Rakka M, Carreiro-Silva M. Beyond deep-sea mining sublethal effects: Delayed mortality from acute Cu exposure of the cold-water octocoral Viminella flagellum. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 183:114051. [PMID: 36058176 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential release of metals, especially copper (Cu) during mining of seafloor massive sulphides (SMS), represents a potential toxicological threat to cold-water coral (CWC) habitats. Herein, we evaluated for the first time the response of the whip coral Viminella flagellum to short-term acute Cu exposure. Nubbins of V. flagellum were exposed to Cu concentrations of 0 (control); 60; 150; 250; 450 and 600 μg/L for 96 h. After exposure, V. flagellum nubbins were transferred to a continuous flow-through aquarium and feed once a day for 3 weeks. No immediate mortality was detected during the short-term Cu exposure. However, a delayed mortality, which was concentration dependent was observed. The first signs of tissue loss occurred after 1 week of recovery in non-contaminated conditions in V. flagellum nubbins previously exposed to Cu concentrations of 60 and 150 μg/L followed by nubbins exposed to Cu concentrations of 250, 450 μg/L after 2 weeks and 600 μg/L after 3 weeks. A delayed mortality impact should be considered in future Cu tolerance experiments and scenarios of deep-sea mining exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Martins
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal.
| | - António Godinho
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Maria Rakka
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | - Marina Carreiro-Silva
- Institute of Marine Sciences - Okeanos, University of the Azores, Rua Professor Doutor Frederico Machado 4, 9901-862 Horta, Portugal; Instituto do Mar - IMAR, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
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Munari M, Chiarore A, Signorini SG, Cannavacciuolo A, Nannini M, Magni S, Binelli A, Gambi MC, Della Torre C. Surviving in a changing ocean. Tolerance to acidification might affect the susceptibility of polychaetes to chemical contamination. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 181:113857. [PMID: 35749979 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the combined effects of ocean acidification (OA) and pollution to the polychaete Syllis prolifera inhabiting the CO2 vent system of the Castello Aragonese (Ischia Island, Italy). We investigated the basal activities of antioxidant enzymes in organisms from the acidified site and from an ambient-pH control site in two different periods of the year. Results showed a limited influence of acidified conditions on the functionality of the antioxidant system. We then investigated the responsiveness of individuals living inside the CO2 vent compared to those from the control to face exposure to acetone and copper. Results highlighted a higher susceptibility of organisms from the vent to acetone and a different response of antioxidant enzymes in individuals from the two sites. Conversely, a higher tolerance to copper was observed in polychaetes from the acidified-site with respect to controls, but any significant oxidative stress was induced at sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Munari
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Antonia Chiarore
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Ischia (Naples), Italy; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Antonio Cannavacciuolo
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Matteo Nannini
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Ischia Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Ischia (Naples), Italy
| | - Stefano Magni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Binelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Tang CH, Shi SH, Lin CY, Wang WH. Lipid profiling differentiates the effect of ambient microenriched copper on a coral as an advanced tool for biomonitoring. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113650. [PMID: 35447438 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper can be beneficial or harmful to coral at environmentally relevant levels, making environmental monitoring a challenging. Membrane lipids make the cell a dynamic environment according to the circumstances; thus, the lipid profile should be indicative of an environmental/physiological state. To gain more insight into the copper effect on coral health and be a basis of biomonitoring, glycerophosphocholine profiling of coral exposed to microenriched copper levels was conducted in this study. The copper microenrichments resulted in a diacritical effect of decreasing carbonic anhydrase activity, following a supplementation effect, on coral lipid metabolism. Microdifferences in copper levels are critical to determine the coral metabolic state and were therefore included in this study. In addition, an excellent quantitative model correlating the coral lipid variation with the exposed copper levels or the induced physiological effect was obtained to demonstrate its performance for biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Ho Tang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Han Shi
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsien Wang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Tang CH, Shi SH, Li HH, Lin CY, Wang WH. Lipid profiling of coral symbiosomes in response to copper-induced carbon limitation: A metabolic effect of algal symbionts on the host immune status. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133673. [PMID: 35063552 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper micropollutants are known to constrain coral's assimilation of carbonate, affecting the carbon available to algal symbionts and thus inducing a light stress. However, little is known regarding the physiological relevance of lipid metabolism in coral symbiotic algae in a carbon-limited state. Membrane lipids exhibit multiple physicochemical properties that are collectively responsible for the dynamic structure of cells depending on the physiological demands of the circumstances. To gain insight into lipid metabolism's importance in this regard, glycerophosphocholine (GPC) profiling of symbiosomes in coral (Seriatopora caliendrum) exposed to environmentally relevant copper levels (2.2-7.5 μg/L) for 4 days was performed in this study. Notably, reducing the number of 22:6-processing GPCs and increasing that of lyso-GPCs likely addressed the demands of metabolizing excess light energy, such as affecting the membrane dynamics to promote mitochondrial uncoupling. The decrease in 22:6-processing GPCs additionally protected cellular membranes from elevated oxidative stress, reducing their susceptibility to peroxidation and offsetting oxidized lipid-induced effects on membrane dynamics. The change in plasmanylcholines specifically localized within the symbiosome membrane also met the membrane requirements for responding to oxidative stress conditions. Moreover, increasing the 20:4-possessing plasmanylcholines and lysoplasmanylcholines and reducing the 22:6-possessing plasmanylcholines likely resulted in an imbalance of the immune reaction, influencing the coral-algae symbiosis given the role of such plasmanylcholines in cell signaling. In summary, carbon limitations induced by copper enrichment lead to a shift in the membrane lipid profile of coral symbiosomes, accommodating themselves to light stress conditions while compromising the symbiosis's stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Ho Tang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Han Shi
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hui Li
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsien Wang
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Cryer SE, Schlosser C, Allison N. The combined effects of ocean acidification and copper on the physiological responses of the tropical coral Stylophora pistillata. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 176:105610. [PMID: 35358910 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A decrease in ocean pH of 0.3 units will likely double the proportion of dissolved copper (Cu) present as the free metal ion, Cu2+, the most bioavailable form of Cu, and one of the most common marine pollutants. We assess the impact of ocean acidification and Cu, separately and in combination, on calcification, photosynthesis and respiration of sub-colonies of a single tropical Stylophora pistillata colony. After 15 days of treatment, total calcification rates were significantly decreased in corals exposed to high seawater pCO2 (∼1000-μatm, 2100 scenario) and at both ambient (1.6-1.9 nmols) and high (2.5-3.6 nmols) dissolved Cu concentrations compared to controls. The effect was increased when both stressors were combined. Coral respiration rates were significantly reduced by the combined stressors after 2 weeks of exposure, indicating the importance of experiment duration. It is therefore likely rising atmospheric CO2 will exacerbate the negative effects of Cu pollution to S. pistillata.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Cryer
- School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of St Andrews, Irvine Building, North Street, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UK; School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UK.
| | - C Schlosser
- Department of Chemical Oceanography, GEOMAR-Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Germany
| | - N Allison
- School of Earth and Environmental Science, University of St Andrews, Irvine Building, North Street, St Andrews, KY16 9AL, UK
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Rodríguez-Romero A, Viguri JR, Calosi P. Acquiring an evolutionary perspective in marine ecotoxicology to tackle emerging concerns in a rapidly changing ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:142816. [PMID: 33092841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tens of thousands of anthropogenic chemicals and wastes enter the marine environment each year as a consequence of the ever-increasing anthropogenic activities and demographic growth of the human population, which is majorly concentrated along coastal areas. Marine ecotoxicology has had a crucial role in helping shed light on the fate of chemicals in the environment, and improving our understanding of how they can affect natural ecosystems. However, chemical contamination is not occurring in isolation, but rather against a rapidly changing environmental horizon. Most environmental studies have been focusing on short-term within-generation responses of single life stages of single species to single stressors. As a consequence, one-dimensional ecotoxicology cannot enable us to appreciate the degree and magnitude of future impacts of chemicals on marine ecosystems. Current approaches that lack an evolutionary perspective within the context of ongoing and future local and global stressors will likely lead us to under or over estimations of the impacts that chemicals will exert on marine organisms. It is therefore urgent to define whether marine organisms can acclimate, i.e. adjust their phenotypes through transgenerational plasticity, or rapidly adapt, i.e. realign the population phenotypic performances to maximize fitness, to the new chemical environment within a selective horizon defined by global changes. To foster a significant advancement in this research area, we review briefly the history of ecotoxicology, synthesis our current understanding of the fate and impact of contaminants under global changes, and critically discuss the benefits and challenges of integrative approaches toward developing an evolutionary perspective in marine ecotoxicology: particularly through a multigenerational approach. The inclusion of multigenerational studies in Ecological Risk Assessment framework (ERA) would provide significant and more accurately information to help predict the risks of pollution in a rapidly changing ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Rodríguez-Romero
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11510 Cádiz, Spain; Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Costera, Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC), Campus Universitario Río San Pedro, 11519 Puerto Real, Spain.
| | - Javier R Viguri
- Green Engineering & Resources Research Group (GER), Departamento de Química e Ingeniería de Procesos y Recursos, ETSIIT, Universidad de Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Piero Calosi
- Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 3A1, Canada
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11
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Marangoni LFDB, Rottier C, Ferrier-Pagès C. Symbiont regulation in Stylophora pistillata during cold stress: an acclimation mechanism against oxidative stress and severe bleaching. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:jeb.235275. [PMID: 33431596 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.235275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Widespread coral bleaching and mortality, leading to coral reef decline, have been mainly associated with climate-change-driven increases in sea surface temperature. However, bleaching and mortality events have also been related to decreases in sea surface temperature, with cold stress events (e.g. La Niña events) being expected to increase in frequency or intensity as a result of a changing climate. Cold stress creates physiological symptoms in symbiotic reef-building corals similar to those observed when they are heat stressed, and the biochemical mechanisms underpinning cold stress in corals have been suggested to be related to an oxidative stress condition. However, up to now, this hypothesis had not been tested. This study assessed how short and long cold excursions in seawater temperature affect the physiology and biochemical processes related to oxidative stress in the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata We provide, for the first time, direct evidence that the mechanisms underpinning cold stress and bleaching are related to the production of reactive oxygen species, and that rapid expulsion of a significant proportion of the symbiont population by the host during cooling conditions is an acclimation mechanism to avoid oxidative stress and, ultimately, severe bleaching. Furthermore, this study is one of the first to show that upwelling conditions (short-term cold stress+nutrient enrichment) can provoke a more severe oxidative stress condition in corals than cold stress alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecile Rottier
- Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco MC-98000, Principality of Monaco
| | - Christine Ferrier-Pagès
- Marine Department, Centre Scientifique de Monaco, 8 Quai Antoine 1er, Monaco MC-98000, Principality of Monaco
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da Silva Fonseca J, Zebral YD, Bianchini A. Metabolic status of the coral Mussismilia harttii in field conditions and the effects of copper exposure in vitro. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108924. [PMID: 33122134 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is widely known that metals can alter enzyme functioning, however, little is known about the mechanisms of metal toxicity in energy metabolism enzymes of corals. Thus, the present study had two objectives: firstly, we evaluated the activity of eight metabolic enzymes of the coral Mussismilia harttii to clarify metabolic functioning under field conditions. After that, we investigated the in vitro effect of copper (Cu) exposure in the activity of an enzyme representative of each metabolism stage. We evaluated enzymes involved in glycolysis (hexokinase, HK; phosphofructokinase, PFK; pyruvate kinase, PK and lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), Krebs cycle (citrate synthase, CS and isocitrate dehydrogenase, IDH), electron transport chain (electron transport system activity, ETS) and pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH). The in vitro tests were performed through contamination of the reaction medium using Cu concentrations of 0, 1.4, 3.7 and 14.2 μg L-1. The results showed that M. harttii has elevated activity of HK, PK and CS in field conditions compared to the activity of other energy metabolism enzymes evaluated. Moreover, lower activities of LDH and ETS in exposed samples were observed. In conclusion, in field conditions this species has elevated aerobic metabolism and glucose may be an important energetic fuel. Also, exposure to Cu in vitro caused inhibition of LDH and ETS by direct binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS 96203-900, Brazil.
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Banc-Prandi G, Cerutti JMB, Fine M. Recovery assessment of the branching coral Stylophora pistillata following copper contamination and depuration. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 162:111830. [PMID: 33234258 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Most contemporary coral reefs live under both global (e.g. warming and acidification) and local (e.g. overfishing, pollution) stressors, which may synergistically undermine their resilience to thermal bleaching and diseases. While heavy metal toxicity in reefs has been well characterized, information on corals recovery from acute contamination is lacking. We studied for 42 days the ability of the coral Stylophora pistillata from the Gulf of Aqaba (northern Red Sea) to recover from a short (3 days) and prolonged (14 days) copper (Cu) contamination (1 μg L-1), after 11 ('Exp3/D11') and 28 ('Exp14/D28') days of depuration, respectively. Cu caused a decrease in chlorophyll content after 3 days, and in net photosynthesis (Pn) after 14 and 42 days. 'Exp14/D28' showed successful recovery based on Pn and relative electron transport rate, as opposed to 'Exp3/D11'. Results suggest the depuration time may be of greater importance than the exposure period to recover from such contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilhem Banc-Prandi
- The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel; The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, Eilat 88103, Israel.
| | - Julia M B Cerutti
- The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel; The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, Eilat 88103, Israel
| | - Maoz Fine
- The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel; The Interuniversity Institute for Marine Sciences, Eilat 88103, Israel
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da Silva Fonseca J, Mies M, Paranhos A, Taniguchi S, Güth AZ, Bícego MC, Marques JA, Fernandes de Barros Marangoni L, Bianchini A. Isolated and combined effects of thermal stress and copper exposure on the trophic behavior and oxidative status of the reef-building coral Mussismilia harttii. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 268:115892. [PMID: 33120157 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global warming and local disturbances such as pollution cause several impacts on coral reefs. Among them is the breakdown of the symbiosis between host corals and photosynthetic symbionts, which is often a consequence of oxidative stress. Therefore, we investigated if the combined effects of thermal stress and copper (Cu) exposure change the trophic behavior and oxidative status of the reef-building coral Mussismilia harttii. Coral fragments were exposed in a mesocosm system to three temperatures (25.0, 26.6 and 27.3 °C) and three Cu concentrations (2.9, 5.4 and 8.6 μg L-1). Samples were collected after 4 and 12 days of exposure. We then (i) performed fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to quantify changes in stearidonic acid and docosapentaenoic acid (autotrophy markers) and cis-gondoic acid (heterotrophy marker), and (ii) assessed the oxidative status of both host and symbiont through analyses of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Our findings show that trophic behavior was predominantly autotrophic and remained unchanged under individual and combined stressors for both 4- and 12-day experiments; for the latter, however, there was an increase in the heterotrophy marker. Results also show that 4 days was not enough to trigger changes in LPO or TAC for both coral and symbiont. However, the 12-day experiment showed a reduction in symbiont LPO associated with thermal stress alone, and the combination of stressors increased their TAC. For the coral, the isolated effects of increase in Cu and temperature led to an increase in LPO. The effects of combined stressors on trophic behavior and oxidative status were not much different than those from the isolated effects of each stressor. These findings highlight that host and symbionts respond differently to stress and are relevant as they show the physiological response of individual holobiont compartments to both global and local stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Miguel Mies
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Alana Paranhos
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Arthur Z Güth
- Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Departamento de Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Praça Do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua Dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande. Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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Chaves Lopes F, Rosa de Castro M, Caldas Barbosa S, Primel EG, de Martinez Gaspar Martins C. Effect of the UV filter, Benzophenone-3, on biomarkers of the yellow clam (Amarilladesma mactroides) under different pH conditions. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111401. [PMID: 32753186 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate effects of the ocean contamination by the sunscreen Benzophenone-3 (BP3) and acidification, caused by CO2 enrichment, to the yellow clam, Amarilladesma mactroides. Biochemical biomarkers were analyzed in tissues (gills, digestive gland, and mantle) of clams exposed to the environmental concentration of 1 μg/L BP3, at seawater natural pH (pH 8.1) and at lower pH (pH 7.6). The tissues responded in different ways considering their physiological roles. In general, BP3 altered activity of the enzymes, glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione cysteine ligase (GCL); but mostly increased the level of glutathione (GSH). These effects were enhanced by acidification, without augmenting lipid peroxidation (LPO). Carbonic anhydrase activity (CA) increased after BP3 exposure in the digestive gland and decreased in the gills at pH 7.6, while Ca2+-ATPase activity was affected by acidification only. Changing levels of these enzymes can alter shell formation and affect the bivalve maintenance in impacted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Chaves Lopes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Av. Itália km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Micheli Rosa de Castro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Av. Itália km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Sergiane Caldas Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Av. Itália km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | - Ednei Gilberto Primel
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Av. Itália km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Av. Itália km 8, 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Marques JA, Abrantes DP, Marangoni LF, Bianchini A. Ecotoxicological responses of a reef calcifier exposed to copper, acidification and warming: A multiple biomarker approach. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113572. [PMID: 31753625 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multiple global and local stressors threat coral reefs worldwide, and symbiont-bearing foraminifera are bioindicators of reef health. The aim of this study was to investigate single and combined effects of copper (Cu) and climate change related stressors (ocean acidification and warming) on a symbiont-bearing foraminifer by means of an integrated biomarker analysis. Using a mesocosm approach, Amphistegina gibbosa were exposed for 25 days to acidification, warming and/or Cu contamination on a full orthogonal design (two levels each factor). Cu was the main factor increasing bleaching and respiration rates. Warming was the main cause of mortality and reduced growth. Calcification related enzymes were inhibited in response to Cu exposure and, in general, the inhibition was stronger under climate change. Multiple biological endpoints responded to realistic exposure scenarios in different ways, but evidenced general stress posed by climate change combined with Cu. These biological responses drove the high values found for the 'stress index' IBR (Integrated Biomarker Response) - indicating general organismal health impairment under the multiple stressor scenario. Our results provide insights for coral reef management by detecting potential monitoring tools. The ecotoxicological responses indicated that Cu reduces the tolerance of foraminifera to climate change (acidification + warming). Once the endpoints analysed have a high ecological relevance, and that responses were evaluated on a classical reef bioindicator species, these results highlight the high risk of climate change and metal pollution co-exposure to coral reefs. Integrated responses allowed a better effects comprehension and are pointed as a promising tool to monitor pollution effects on a changing ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseane A Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO/FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Santa Cruz Cabralia, BA, Brazil.
| | - Douglas P Abrantes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ/UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Laura Fb Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (IO/FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Santa Cruz Cabralia, BA, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Santa Cruz Cabralia, BA, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (ICB/FURG), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
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da Silva Fonseca J, de Barros Marangoni LF, Marques JA, Bianchini A. Energy metabolism enzymes inhibition by the combined effects of increasing temperature and copper exposure in the coral Mussismilia harttii. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 236:124420. [PMID: 31545208 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The combined effects of exposure to increasing temperature and copper (Cu) concentrations were evaluated in the zooxanthellate scleractinian coral Mussismilia harttii. Endpoints analyzed included activity of enzymes involved in glycolysis (pyruvate kinase, PK; lactate dehydrogenase, LDH), Krebs cycle (citrate synthase, CS; isocitrate dehydrogenase; IDH), electron transport chain (electron transport system, ETS) and pentose phosphate pathway (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PDH). Coral polyps were kept under control conditions (25.0 ± 0.1 °C; 2.9 ± 0.7 μg/L Cu) or exposed to combined treatments of increasing temperature (26.6 ± 0.1 °C and 27.3 ± 0.1 °C) and concentrations of dissolved Cu (5.4 ± 0.9 and 8.6 ± 0.3 μg/L) for 4 and 12 days using a mesocosm system. PK activity was not affected by stressors. LDH, CS, IDH, ETS and G6PDH activities were temporally inhibited by stressors alone. CS, ETS and G6PDH activities remained inhibited by the combination of stressors after 12 days. Furthermore, all combinations between increasing temperature and exposure Cu were synergistic after prolonged exposure. Taken together, stressors applied alone led to temporary inhibitory effects on energy metabolism enzymes of the coral M. harttii, however, prolonged exposure reveals strong deleterious effects over the metabolism of corals due to the combination of stressors. The present study is the first one to give insights into the combined effects of increasing temperature and Cu exposure in the energy metabolism enzymes of a scleractinian coral. Findings suggest that moderate Cu contamination in future increasing temperature scenarios can be worrying for aerobic and oxidative metabolism of M. harttii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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Fonseca JDS, Marangoni LFDB, Marques JA, Bianchini A. Carbonic anhydrase activity as a potential biomarker for acute exposure to copper in corals. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:598-605. [PMID: 31009866 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Coral reefs are subjected to climate change and are severely impacted by human activities, with copper (Cu) being a relevant physiological stressor for corals at local scale. The ecological relevance of parameters measured at biochemical or cellular level is now considered an extremely important feature in environmental studies, and can be used as early warning signs of environmental degradation. In this context, the effects of acute exposure (96 h) to Cu were assessed on the maximum photochemical efficiency of zooxanthellae (Fv/Fm) and on the activity of key enzymes [carbonic anhydrase (CA) and Ca-ATPase] involved in coral physiology using the scleractinian coral Mussismilia harttii as a biological model. Corals were exposed to different concentrations of dissolved Cu (4.6-19.4 μg/L) using two different experimental approaches: a laboratory closed system and a marine mesocosm system. Fv/Fm values and Ca - ATPase activity were not affect by exposure to Cu in any of the exposure systems. However, a significant reduction in CA activity was observed in corals exposed to 11.9 and 19.4 μg Cu/L in the laboratory and at all concentrations of Cu tested in the mesocosm system (4.6, 6.0 and 8.5 μg/L). Based on the sensitivity of this enzyme to the short period of exposure to sublethal concentrations of Cu in both experimental approaches, the present study suggests the use of CA activity as a potential biomarker to be used in biomarker-based environmental monitoring programs in coral reefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Laura Fernandes de Barros Marangoni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil; Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália, BA, 45807-000, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
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Zebral YD, da Silva Fonseca J, Marques JA, Bianchini A. Carbonic Anhydrase as a Biomarker of Global and Local Impacts: Insights from Calcifying Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123092. [PMID: 31242558 PMCID: PMC6627289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emission of greenhouse gases has grown in unprecedented levels since the beginning of the industrial era. As a result, global climate changes, such as heightened global temperature and ocean acidification, are expected to negatively impact populations. Similarly, industrial and urban unsustainable development are also expected to impose local impacts of their own, such as environmental pollution with organic and inorganic chemicals. As an answer, biomarkers can be used in environmental programs to assess these impacts. These tools are based in the quantification of biochemical and cellular responses of target species that are known to respond in a sensitive and specific way to such stresses. In this context, carbonic anhydrase has shown to be a promising biomarker candidate for the assessment of global and local impacts in biomonitoring programs, especially in marine zones, such as coral reefs, considering the pivotal role of this enzyme in the calcification process. Therefore, the aim of this review is to show the recent advances in the carbonic anhydrase research and the reasons why it can be considered as a promising biomarker to be used for calcifying organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Dornelles Zebral
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande 96203-900 RS, Brazil.
| | - Juliana da Silva Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande 96203-900 RS, Brazil.
| | - Joseane Aparecida Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande 96203-900 RS, Brazil.
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália 45807-000 BA, Brazil.
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande 96203-900 RS, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Biológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Avenida Itália km 8, Rio Grande 96203-900 RS, Brazil.
- Instituto Coral Vivo, Rua dos Coqueiros, Parque Yaya, Santa Cruz Cabrália 45807-000 BA, Brazil.
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