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Shi N, Kong C, Yuan L, Liu L, Zhao K, Lü J, Wang X. The bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes: New prospects for stem cell-derived exosomes. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115219. [PMID: 37531782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis and diabetes have a bidirectional link, making therapeutic treatment of periodontitis and diabetes challenging. Numerous factors, including microbes, inflammatory cytokines, immune cell activity, glucose levels, and metabolic disorders, contribute to the bidirectional relationship of periodontitis and diabetes. Basic periodontal treatment, medication, surgical treatment, and combined treatment are the most widely used treatments, but their efficacy are limited. Because of their capacity to support bone remodeling and tissue regeneration and restoration, reduce blood glucose levels, restore islet function, and ameliorate local and systemic inflammation, stem cell-derived exosomes have emerged as a possible therapeutic. In this review, we summarize the utilization of stem cell-derived exosomes in periodontitis and diabetes,discuss their potential mechanisms in periodontitis and diabetes bidirectional promoters. It provides some theoretical basis for using stem cell-derived exosomes to regulate the bidirectional link between periodontitis and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixu Shi
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenfei Kong
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kelin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junfeng Lü
- Department of Radiation, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Fuentes-Lerma MG, Zamora-Pérez AL, Robles-Gómez C, Guerrero-Velázquez C, Peregrina-Sandoval J, Gutiérrez-Angulo M, Mariaud-Schmidt RP. Serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis in the Mexican population is not related to the severity of the disease. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2023; 43:61-68. [PMID: 37167463 PMCID: PMC10476647 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.6690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of teeth, the effects of excess of nitric oxide, may contribute to the symptoms of periodontitis. Objective: To determine the serum nitric oxide concentration in generalized chronic and aggressive periodontitis patients and to compare it with a healthy subject group from the Mexican population. Materials and methods: A case and control study was performed. Sixty-nine individuals were recruited from the Clínica de Posgrado de Periodoncia of the Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, México. Patients with clinical features of generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP group, n=19), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP group, n=11), and a group of healthy subjects (HS group, n=39) were included in the study. Informed consent was obtained from each subject, and serum nitric oxide concentration was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Nitric oxide concentration in the study groups was greater in the GCP group (462.57 ± 16.57 μmol/L) than in the GAP group (433.84 ± 18.61 μmol/L) and the HS group (422.46 ± 12.07 μmol/L). A comparison using Student’s t-test (one-tailed) between healthy subjects and generalized chronic periodontitis showed borderline significance (p<0.04), whereas no significant differences were observed in HS and GAP groups, with a p-value of 0.64, and the GAP vs. GCP p-value was 0.33. Conclusion: The serum nitric oxide concentration observed in the present study suggests that nitric oxide plays a major role in the inflammatory process, which cannot necessarily be linked to the severity of the disease and periodontal tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Graciela Fuentes-Lerma
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Ana Lourdes Zamora-Pérez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Cecilia Robles-Gómez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Celia Guerrero-Velázquez
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Jorge Peregrina-Sandoval
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Melva Gutiérrez-Angulo
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
| | - Rocío Patricia Mariaud-Schmidt
- Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
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Hu P, Zhu C. Betulinic Acid Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells Stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide and/or High Glucose. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:95-104. [PMID: 35538811 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666220509231119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic patients have weakened periodontal ligaments and an increased risk of periodontitis due to uncontrolled glycemia. Betulinic acid (BA), a hypoglycemic drug, has anti-inflammatory activities. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to explore the protective effect of BA on the inflammation in human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and/or high glucose (HG) status and its mechanisms of action. METHODS Human PDLCs were exposed to LPS and/or HG, with or without BA intervention. The production of nitrite oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were quantified by Griess reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Immunoblotting analyses were employed to detect the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX- 2), as well as the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa- B (NF-κB) in human PDLCs. RESULTS The increased production of iNOS/NO and COX-2/PGE2 and increased phosphorylated levels of IκBα, JNK, and p38 can be detected in human PDLCs with LPS and/or HG situations, while increased phosphorylated ERK can be seen in cells under only LPS condition. Furthermore, the non-toxic concentration of BA (10 μM) prevented NF-κB and MAPKs activation and partly but significantly reversed the induction of COX-2/ PGE2 and iNOS/NO in human PDLCs with LPS and/or HG loaded. CONCLUSION BA was proved for the first time to protect human PDLCs from the LPS-induced and/or HG-induced inflammation, which works through the mechanism involving the action of MAPKs and NF-κB. signaling pathways. Thus, BA could be used to alleviate diabetic complications of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hu
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chunxia Zhu
- Center of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zhu L, Zhou C, Chen S, Huang D, Jiang Y, Lan Y, Zou S, Li Y. Osteoporosis and Alveolar Bone Health in Periodontitis Niche: A Predisposing Factors-Centered Review. Cells 2022; 11:3380. [PMID: 36359775 PMCID: PMC9657655 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a periodontal inflammatory condition that results from disrupted periodontal host-microbe homeostasis, manifested by the destruction of tooth-supporting structures, especially inflammatory alveolar bone loss. Osteoporosis is characterized by systemic deterioration of bone mass and microarchitecture. The roles of many systemic factors have been identified in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, including endocrine change, metabolic disorders, health-impaired behaviors and mental stress. The prevalence rate of osteoporotic fracture is in sustained elevation in the past decades. Recent studies suggest that individuals with concomitant osteoporosis are more vulnerable to periodontal impairment. Current reviews of worse periodontal status in the context of osteoporosis are limited, mainly centering on the impacts of menopausal and diabetic osteoporosis on periodontitis. Herein, this review article makes an effort to provide a comprehensive view of the relationship between osteoporosis and periodontitis, with a focus on clarifying how those risk factors in osteoporotic populations modify the alveolar bone homeostasis in the periodontitis niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Ekici Ö, Aslan E, Aladağ T, Güzel H, Korkmaz ÖA, Bostancı A, Sadi G, Pektaş MB. Masseter muscle and gingival tissue inflammatory response following treatment with high-fructose corn syrup in rats: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of kefir. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e13732. [PMID: 33864286 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) intake (20% beverages) impacts antioxidative structures and inflammation in the gingival tissue and masseter muscle of rats. Kefir was tested for its potential utility on changes induced by HFCS. Animals were randomly divided into four groups as control, kefir, HFCS, and HFCS plus kefir. HFCS was given as 20% solutions in drinking water while kefir supplementations were given by gastric gavage for 8 weeks. It has been clearly determined that the HFCS diet increased expressions of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α proinflammatory structures via lymphocyte infiltration by suppressing antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in both tissues. Kefir improved these undesirable changes in rats fed with HFCS. The results of this current study, the first investigation to examine the effects of kefir on masseter muscle and gingival tissue, may provide new access to the restorative effects of kefir consumption on oral health disorders caused by high fructose in the diet. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In this study, at an early age, the effects of kefir on improving inflammation via antioxidation in the masseter muscle and gingival tissue were investigated for the first time. We showed that kefir feeding ameliorates lymphocyte infiltration on the high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS)-induced masseter muscle and gingival tissue inflammation in rats. The mRNA expressions of inflammatory parameters measured in the study were supported by protein measurements via ELISA or immunohistochemistry. In the present study, kefir may play an important role in the antioxidation and inflammation process on the masseter muscle and gingival tissue against HFCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Ekici
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Esra Aslan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Aladağ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hilal Güzel
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ömer Adil Korkmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aykut Bostancı
- Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Sadi
- Department of Biology, K.Ö. Science Faculty, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Bilgehan Pektaş
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Pirih FQ, Monajemzadeh S, Singh N, Sinacola RS, Shin JM, Chen T, Fenno JC, Kamarajan P, Rickard AH, Travan S, Paster BJ, Kapila Y. Association between metabolic syndrome and periodontitis: The role of lipids, inflammatory cytokines, altered host response, and the microbiome. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:50-75. [PMID: 34463996 PMCID: PMC8457155 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis has been associated with many systemic diseases and conditions, including metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur concomitantly and together they increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and double the risk of type 2 diabetes. In this review, we focus on the association between metabolic syndrome and periodontitis; however, we also include information on diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, since these two conditions are significantly intertwined with metabolic syndrome. With regard to periodontitis and metabolic syndrome, to date, the vast majority of studies point to an association between these two conditions and also demonstrate that periodontitis can contribute to the development of, or can worsen, metabolic syndrome. Evaluating the effect of metabolic syndrome on the salivary microbiome, data presented herein support the hypothesis that the salivary bacterial profile is altered in metabolic syndrome patients compared with healthy patients. Considering periodontitis and these three conditions, the vast majority of human and animal studies point to an association between periodontitis and metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that metabolic syndrome and diabetes can alter the oral microbiome. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the influence these conditions have on each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Q Pirih
- Section of Periodontics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Neelima Singh
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Jae Min Shin
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tsute Chen
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection & Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J Christopher Fenno
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Pachiyappan Kamarajan
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Alexander H Rickard
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Suncica Travan
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Bruce J Paster
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection & Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yvonne Kapila
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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