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Zou X, Liang X, Dai W, Zhu T, Wang C, Zhou Y, Qian Y, Yan Z, Gao C, Gao L, Cui Y, Liu J, Meng Y. Peroxiredoxin 4 deficiency induces accelerated ovarian aging through destroyed proteostasis in granulosa cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167334. [PMID: 38971505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian aging, a complex and challenging concern within the realm of reproductive medicine, is associated with reduced fertility, menopausal symptoms and long-term health risks. Our previous investigation revealed a correlation between Peroxiredoxin 4 (PRDX4) and human ovarian aging. The purpose of this research was to substantiate the protective role of PRDX4 against ovarian aging and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism in mice. In this study, a Prdx4-/- mouse model was established and it was observed that the deficiency of PRDX4 led to only an accelerated decline of ovarian function in comparison to wild-type (WT) mice. The impaired ovarian function observed in this study can be attributed to an imbalance in protein homeostasis, an exacerbation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress), and ultimately an increase in apoptosis of granulosa cells. Furthermore, our research reveals a noteworthy decline in the expression of Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) in aging Prdx4-/- mice, especially the functional trimer, due to impaired disulfide bond formation. Contrarily, the overexpression of PRDX4 facilitated the maintenance of protein homeostasis, mitigated ER stress, and consequently elevated E2 levels in a simulated KGN cell aging model. Additionally, the overexpression of PRDX4 restored the expression of the correct spatial conformation of FSHR, the functional trimer. In summary, our research reveals the significant contribution of PRDX4 in delaying ovarian aging, presenting a novel and promising therapeutic target for ovarian aging from the perspective of endoplasmic reticulum protein homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuru Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wangjuan Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yutian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengjie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yugui Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Clinical Center of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Casas-Martinez JC, Samali A, McDonagh B. Redox regulation of UPR signalling and mitochondrial ER contact sites. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:250. [PMID: 38847861 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have a synergistic relationship and are key regulatory hubs in maintaining cell homeostasis. Communication between these organelles is mediated by mitochondria ER contact sites (MERCS), allowing the exchange of material and information, modulating calcium homeostasis, redox signalling, lipid transfer and the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. MERCS are dynamic structures that allow cells to respond to changes in the intracellular environment under normal homeostatic conditions, while their assembly/disassembly are affected by pathophysiological conditions such as ageing and disease. Disruption of protein folding in the ER lumen can activate the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), promoting the remodelling of ER membranes and MERCS formation. The UPR stress receptor kinases PERK and IRE1, are located at or close to MERCS. UPR signalling can be adaptive or maladaptive, depending on whether the disruption in protein folding or ER stress is transient or sustained. Adaptive UPR signalling via MERCS can increase mitochondrial calcium import, metabolism and dynamics, while maladaptive UPR signalling can result in excessive calcium import and activation of apoptotic pathways. Targeting UPR signalling and the assembly of MERCS is an attractive therapeutic approach for a range of age-related conditions such as neurodegeneration and sarcopenia. This review highlights the emerging evidence related to the role of redox mediated UPR activation in orchestrating inter-organelle communication between the ER and mitochondria, and ultimately the determination of cell function and fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C Casas-Martinez
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Afshin Samali
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Brian McDonagh
- Discipline of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
- Apoptosis Research Centre, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Hemagirri M, Chen Y, Gopinath SCB, Sahreen S, Adnan M, Sasidharan S. Crosstalk between protein misfolding and endoplasmic reticulum stress during ageing and their role in age-related disorders. Biochimie 2024; 221:159-181. [PMID: 37918463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining the proteome is crucial to retaining cell functionality and response to multiple intrinsic and extrinsic stressors. Protein misfolding increased the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and activated the adaptive unfolded protein response (UPR) to restore cell homeostasis. Apoptosis occurs when ER stress is prolonged or the adaptive response fails. In healthy young cells, the ratio of protein folding machinery to quantities of misfolded proteins is balanced under normal circumstances. However, the age-related deterioration of the complex systems for handling protein misfolding is accompanied by ageing-related disruption of protein homeostasis, which results in the build-up of misfolded and aggregated proteins. This ultimately results in decreased cell viability and forms the basis of common age-related diseases called protein misfolding diseases. Proteins or protein fragments convert from their ordinarily soluble forms to insoluble fibrils or plaques in many of these disorders, which build up in various organs such as the liver, brain, or spleen. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, type II diabetes, and cancer are diseases in this group commonly manifest in later life. Thus, protein misfolding and its prevention by chaperones and different degradation paths are becoming understood from molecular perspectives. Proteodynamics information will likely affect future interventional techniques to combat cellular stress and support healthy ageing by avoiding and treating protein conformational disorders. This review provides an overview of the diverse proteostasis machinery, protein misfolding, and ER stress involvement, which activates the UPR sensors. Here, we will discuss the crosstalk between protein misfolding and ER stress and their role in developing age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisekaran Hemagirri
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Yeng Chen
- Department of Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Subash C B Gopinath
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau, 02600, Malaysia
| | - Sumaira Sahreen
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, P. O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sreenivasan Sasidharan
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
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Su R, Han C, Chen G, Li H, Liu W, Wang C, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang D, Ma H. Low- and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improves the physiological acclimatization of lowlanders on the Tibetan plateau. Eur J Sport Sci 2024; 24:834-845. [PMID: 38874991 DOI: 10.1002/ejsc.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates whether exercise as a strategy for improving physical fitness at sea level also offers comparable benefits in the unique context of high altitudes (HA), considering the physiological challenges of hypoxic conditions. Overall, 121 lowlanders who had lived on the Tibetan Plateau for >2 years and were still living at HA during the measurements were randomly classified into four groups. Each individual of the low-intensity (LI), moderate-intensity (MI), and high-intensity (HI) groups performed 20 sessions of aerobic exercise at HA (3680 m) over 4 weeks, while the control group (CG) did not undergo any intervention. Physiological responses before and after the intervention were observed. The LI and MI groups experienced significant improvement in cardiopulmonary fitness (0.27 and 0.35 L/min increases in peak oxygen uptake [V ˙ $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$ O2peak], both p < 0.05) after exercise intervention, while the hematocrit (HCT) remained unchanged (p > 0.05). However, HI exercise was less efficient for cardiopulmonary fitness of lowlanders (0.02 L/min decrease inV ˙ $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$ O2peak, p > 0.05), whereas both the HCT (1.74 %, p < 0.001) and glomerular filtration rate (18.41 mL/min, p < 0.001) increased with HI intervention. Therefore, LI and MI aerobic exercise, rather than HI, can help lowlanders in Tibet become more acclimated to the HA by increasing cardiopulmonary function and counteracting erythrocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Su
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province/Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Qinghai, China
| | - Chenxiao Han
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Guiquan Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hao Li
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Wanying Liu
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Chengzhi Wang
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Yuming Zhang
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Delong Zhang
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Tibet Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of High Altitudes Brain Science and Environmental Acclimation, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
- Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province/Beijing Normal University, Beijing, Qinghai, China
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Casey AK, Stewart NM, Zaidi N, Gray HF, Cox A, Fields HA, Orth K. FicD regulates adaptation to the unfolded protein response in the murine liver. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.15.589620. [PMID: 38659954 PMCID: PMC11042336 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response that is activated when misfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The UPR elicits a signaling cascade that results in an upregulation of protein folding machinery and cell survival signals. However, prolonged UPR responses can result in elevated cellular inflammation, damage, and even cell death. Thus, regulation of the UPR response must be tuned to the needs of the cell, sensitive enough to respond to the stress but pliable enough to be stopped after the crisis has passed. Previously, we discovered that the bi-functional enzyme FicD can modulate the UPR response via post-translational modification of BiP. FicD AMPylates BiP during homeostasis and deAMPylates BiP during stress. We found this activity is important for the physiological regulation of the exocrine pancreas. Here, we explore the role of FicD in the murine liver. Like our previous studies, livers lacking FicD exhibit enhanced UPR signaling in response to short term physiologic fasting and feeding stress. However, the livers of FicD -/- did not show marked changes in UPR signaling or damage after either chronic high fat diet (HFD) feeding or acute pathological UPR induction. Intriguingly, FicD -/- mice showed changes in UPR induction and weight loss patterns following repeated pathological UPR induction. These findings show that FicD regulates UPR responses during mild physiological stress and may play a role in maintaining resiliency of tissue through adaptation to repeated ER stress.
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Zhao J, Han Z, Ding L, Wang P, He X, Lin L. The molecular mechanism of aging and the role in neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24751. [PMID: 38312598 PMCID: PMC10835255 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and inevitable biological process affected by a combination of external environmental and genetic factors. Humans are currently living longer than ever before, accompanied with aging-related alterations such as diminished autophagy, decreased immunological function, mitochondrial malfunction, stem cell failure, accumulation of somatic and mitochondrial DNA mutations, loss of telomere, and altered nutrient metabolism. Aging leads to a decline in body functions and age-related diseases, for example, Alzheimer's disease, which adversely affects human health and longevity. The quality of life of the elderly is greatly diminished by the increase in their life expectancy rather than healthy life expectancy. With the rise in the age of the global population, aging and related diseases have become the focus of attention worldwide. In this review, we discuss several major mechanisms of aging, including DNA damage and repair, free radical oxidation, telomeres and telomerase, mitochondrial damage, inflammation, and their role in neurodegenerative diseases to provide a reference for the prevention of aging and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanli Zhao
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhenjie Han
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Hubei Research Institute of Geriatrics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xiutang He
- Center for Monitoring and Evaluation of Teaching Quality, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, 448000, China
| | - Li Lin
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China
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Deng R, Wang F, Wang L, Xiong L, Shen X, Song H. Advances in Plant Polysaccharides as Antiaging Agents: Effects and Signaling Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7175-7191. [PMID: 37155561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Aging refers to the gradual physiological changes that occur in an organism after reaching adulthood, resulting in senescence and a decline in biological functions, ultimately leading to death. Epidemiological evidence shows that aging is a driving factor in the developing of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, immune system disorders, cancer, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Natural plant polysaccharides have emerged as crucial food components in delaying the aging process. Therefore, it is essential to continuously investigate plant polysaccharides as potential sources of new pharmaceuticals for aging. Modern pharmacological research indicates that plant polysaccharides can exert antiaging effects by scavenging free radicals, increasing telomerase activity, regulating apoptosis, enhancing immunity, inhibiting glycosylation, improving mitochondrial dysfunction regulating gene expression, activating autophagy, and modulating gut microbiota. Moreover, the antiaging activity of plant polysaccharides is mediated by one or more signaling pathways, including IIS, mTOR, Nrf2, NF-κB, Sirtuin, p53, MAPK, and UPR signaling pathways. This review summarizes the antiaging properties of plant polysaccharides and signaling pathways participating in the polysaccharide-regulating aging process. Finally, we discuss the structure-activity relationships of antiaging polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China
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Yang T, Zhang Y, Chen L, Thomas ER, Yu W, Cheng B, Li X. The potential roles of ATF family in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114544. [PMID: 36934558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factors, ATFs, is a family of transcription factors that activate gene expression and transcription by recognizing and combining the cAMP response element binding proteins (CREB). It is present in various viruses as a cellular gene promoter. ATFs is involved in regulating the mammalian gene expression that is associated with various cell physiological processes. Therefore, ATFs play an important role in maintaining the intracellular homeostasis. ATF2 and ATF3 is mostly involved in mediating stress responses. ATF4 regulates the oxidative metabolism, which is associated with the survival of cells. ATF5 is presumed to regulate apoptosis, and ATF6 is involved in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). ATFs is actively studied in oncology. At present, there has been an increasing amount of research on ATFs for the treatment of neurological diseases. Here, we have focused on the different types of ATFs and their association with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The level of expression of different ATFs have a significant difference in AD patients when compared to healthy control. Recent studies have suggested that ATFs are implicated in the pathogenesis of AD, such as neuronal repair, maintenance of synaptic activity, maintenance of cell survival, inhibition of apoptosis, and regulation of stress responses. In this review, the potential role of ATFs for the treatment of AD has been highlighted. In addition, we have systematically reviewed the progress of research on ATFs in AD. This review will provide a basic and innovative understanding on the pathogenesis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lixuan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | | | - Wenjing Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China; Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Nephropathy, Luzhou 646000, China.
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
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Yu S, Zhao H, Qin X, Li X, Guo J, Li W. Giardia duodenalis-induced G0/G1 intestinal epithelial cell cycle arrest and apoptosis involve activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in vitro. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1127552. [PMID: 37006313 PMCID: PMC10050679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Giardia duodenalis is a zoonotic intestinal protozoan parasite that may cause host diarrhea and chronic gastroenteritis, resulting in great economic losses annually and representing a significant public health burden across the world. However, thus far, our knowledge on the pathogenesis of Giardia and the related host cell responses is still extensively limited. The aim of this study is to assess the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in regulating G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis during in vitro infection of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) with Giardia. The results showed that the mRNA levels of ER chaperone proteins and ER-associated degradation genes were increased and the expression levels of the main unfolded protein response (UPR)-related proteins (GRP78, p-PERK, ATF4, CHOP, p-IRE1, XBP1s and ATF6) were increased upon Giardia exposure. In addition, cell cycle arrest was determined to be induced by UPR signaling pathways (IRE1, PERK and ATF6) through upregulation of p21 and p27 levels and promotion of E2F1-RB complex formation. Upregulation of p21 and p27 expression was shown to be related to Ufd1-Skp2 signaling. Therefore, the cell cycle arrest was induced by ER stress when infected with Giardia. Furthermore, the apoptosis of the host cell was also assessed after exposure to Giardia. The results indicated that apoptosis would be promoted by UPR signaling (PERK and ATF6), but would be suppressed by the hyperphosphorylation of AKT and hypophosphorylation of JNK that were modulated by IRE1 pathway. Taken together, both of the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of IECs induced by Giardia exposure involved the activation of the UPR signaling. The findings of this study will deepen our understanding of the pathogenesis of Giardia and the associated regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Li
- *Correspondence: Wei Li, ; Jiaying Guo,
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Pande S, Raisuddin S. The Underexplored Dimensions of Nutritional Hormesis. Curr Nutr Rep 2022; 11:386-394. [PMID: 35723856 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-022-00423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hormesis is biphasic response wherein low and high doses of chemical and nutrient confer beneficial and toxic effects respectively, typically in a U-shaped manner. Hormesis is intricately related to bioenergetic state of a cell, and therefore, nutrition impacts it. Excessive nutrition can halt the endogenous antioxidant synthesis leading to cytotoxic effects. While low and optimum doses of the same bring about hormetic stimulation that can exalt the antioxidant response and reduce susceptibility towards degenerative diseases. The sirtuin family of proteins is triggered by mild stress of calorie restriction and exerts hormesis. Similarly, several phytochemicals and micronutrients are known to bring about health benefits at optimum dose and deleterious effects at high doses. Despite this attribute, nutritional hormesis is not very well researched upon because the magnitude of hormetic effect observed is generally quite modest. There is no precise regulation of optimal intake of certain foods to witness hormesis and no characterization of any biomarker that reports stress responses at various doses above or below optimal intakes. There is a major gap in research between nutrition and hormesis being affected by sirtuin family of proteins, phytochemicals, and micronutrients. RECENT FINDINGS Mild stress of calorie restriction elevates sirtuin protein and effect of sirtuin protein on hormesis has been recently reported. More foods that enhance sirtuin protein, phytochemicals, and micronutrients need to be explored in relation to hormesis and associated health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Pande
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India.
| | - Sheikh Raisuddin
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Quigley M, Rieger S, Capobianco E, Wang Z, Zhao H, Hewison M, Lisse TS. Vitamin D Modulation of Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism and mTOR Enforces Stress Adaptations and Anticancer Responses. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10572. [PMID: 35079680 PMCID: PMC8771003 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the active form of vitamin D3 (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), two integral signaling molecules of the cell, is poorly understood. This is striking, given that both factors are involved in cancer cell regulation and metabolism. Mitochondria (mt) dysfunction is one of the main drivers of cancer, producing more mitochondria, higher cellular energy, and ROS that can enhance oxidative stress and stress tolerance responses. To study the effects of 1,25(OH)2D on metabolic and mt dysfunction, we used the vitamin D receptor (VDR)-sensitive MG-63 osteosarcoma cell model. Using biochemical approaches, 1,25(OH)2D decreased mt ROS levels, membrane potential (ΔΨmt), biogenesis, and translation, while enforcing endoplasmic reticulum/mitohormetic stress adaptive responses. Using a mitochondria-focused transcriptomic approach, gene set enrichment and pathway analyses show that 1,25(OH)2D lowered mt fusion/fission and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). By contrast, mitophagy, ROS defense, and epigenetic gene regulation were enhanced after 1,25(OH)2D treatment, as well as key metabolic enzymes that regulate fluxes of substrates for cellular architecture and a shift toward non-oxidative energy metabolism. ATACseq revealed putative oxi-sensitive and tumor-suppressing transcription factors that may regulate important mt functional genes such as the mTORC1 inhibitor, DDIT4/REDD1. DDIT4/REDD1 was predominantly localized to the outer mt membrane in untreated MG-63 cells yet sequestered in the cytoplasm after 1,25(OH)2D and rotenone treatments, suggesting a level of control by membrane depolarization to facilitate its cytoplasmic mTORC1 inhibitory function. The results show that 1,25(OH)2D activates distinct adaptive metabolic responses involving mitochondria to regain redox balance and control the growth of osteosarcoma cells. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikayla Quigley
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA
- Dana Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMAUSA
| | - Sandra Rieger
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA
| | - Enrico Capobianco
- Institute for Data Science and ComputingUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA
| | - Hengguang Zhao
- Department of DermatologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Martin Hewison
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems ResearchUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Thomas S Lisse
- Biology DepartmentUniversity of MiamiCoral GablesFLUSA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA
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12
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Lee H, Hong Y, Kim M. Structural and Functional Changes and Possible Molecular Mechanisms in Aged Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212489. [PMID: 34830368 PMCID: PMC8624050 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is a complex process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Together, these factors affect the structure and function of the epidermis and dermis. Histologically, aging skin typically shows epidermal atrophy due to decreased cell numbers. The dermis of aged skin shows decreased numbers of mast cells and fibroblasts. Fibroblast senescence contributes to skin aging by secreting a senescence-associated secretory phenotype, which decreases proliferation by impairing the release of essential growth factors and enhancing degradation of the extracellular matrix through activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Several molecular mechanisms affect skin aging including telomere shortening, oxidative stress and MMP, cytokines, autophagic control, microRNAs, and the microbiome. Accumulating evidence on the molecular mechanisms of skin aging has provided clinicians with a wide range of therapeutic targets for treating aging skin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miri Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-3779-1056
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13
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess the ability to regenerate over a lifetime in the face of extreme cellular proliferation and environmental stress. Yet, mechanisms that control the regenerative properties of HSCs remain elusive. ER stress has emerged as an important signaling event that supports HSC self-renewal and multipotency. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathways implicating ER stress as cytoprotective in HSCs. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have shown multiple signaling cascades of the unfolded protein response (UPR) are persistently activated in healthy HSCs, suggesting that low-dose ER stress is a feature HSCs. Stress adaptation is a feature ascribed to cytoprotection and longevity of cells as well as organisms, in what is known as hormesis. However, assembling this information into useful knowledge to improve the therapeutic application of HSCs remains challenging and the upstream activators and downstream transcriptional programs induced by ER stress that are required in HSCs remain to be discovered. SUMMARY The maintenance of HSCs requires a dose-dependent simulation of ER stress responses that involves persistent, low-dose UPR. Unraveling the complexity of this signaling node may elucidate mechanisms related to regeneration of HSCs that can be harnessed to expand HSCs for cellular therapeutics ex vivo and transplantation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry L Luchsinger
- Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York City, New York, USA
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14
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Du G, Liu Z, Yu Z, Zhuo Z, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Li Y, Chen H. Taurine represses age-associated gut hyperplasia in Drosophila via counteracting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13319. [PMID: 33559276 PMCID: PMC7963329 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As they age, adult stem cells become more prone to functional decline, which is responsible for aging‐associated tissue degeneration and diseases. One goal of aging research is to identify drugs that can repair age‐associated tissue degeneration. Multiple organ development‐related signaling pathways have recently been demonstrated to have functions in tissue homeostasis and aging process. Therefore, in this study, we tested several chemicals that are essential for organ development to assess their ability to delay intestinal stem cell (ISC) aging and promote gut function in adult Drosophila. We found that taurine, a free amino acid that supports neurological development and tissue metabolism in humans, represses ISC hyperproliferation and restrains the intestinal functional decline seen in aged animals. We found that taurine represses age‐associated ISC hyperproliferation through a mechanism that eliminated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by upregulation of the target genes of unfolded protein response in the ER (UPRER) and inhibiting the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) signaling. Our findings show that taurine plays a critical role in delaying the aging process in stem cells and suggest that it may be used as a natural compound for the treatment of age‐associated, or damage‐induced intestinal dysfunction in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Du
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and anti‐Aging Research National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China HospitalSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and anti‐Aging Research National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China HospitalSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Zihua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Zhangpeng Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuedan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Juanyu Zhou
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and anti‐Aging Research National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China HospitalSichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Gene Engineering of the Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and anti‐Aging Research National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics West China HospitalSichuan University Chengdu China
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15
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Taylor SKB, Minhas MH, Tong J, Selvaganapathy PR, Mishra RK, Gupta BP. C. elegans electrotaxis behavior is modulated by heat shock response and unfolded protein response signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3115. [PMID: 33542359 PMCID: PMC7862228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The nematode C. elegans is a leading model to investigate the mechanisms of stress-induced behavioral changes coupled with biochemical mechanisms. Our group has previously characterized C. elegans behavior using a microfluidic-based electrotaxis device, and showed that worms display directional motion in the presence of a mild electric field. In this study, we describe the effects of various forms of genetic and environmental stress on the electrotactic movement of animals. Using exposure to chemicals, such as paraquat and tunicamycin, as well as mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPR) mutants, we demonstrate that chronic stress causes abnormal movement. Additionally, we report that pqe-1 (human RNA exonuclease 1 homolog) is necessary for the maintenance of multiple stress response signaling and electrotaxis behavior of animals. Further, exposure of C. elegans to several environmental stress-inducing conditions revealed that while chronic heat and dietary restriction caused electrotaxis speed deficits due to prolonged stress, daily exercise had a beneficial effect on the animals, likely due to improved muscle health and transient activation of UPR. Overall, these data demonstrate that the electrotaxis behavior of worms is susceptible to cytosolic, mitochondrial, and ER stress, and that multiple stress response pathways contribute to its preservation in the face of stressful stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane K. B. Taylor
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Muhammad H. Minhas
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Justin Tong
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - P. Ravi Selvaganapathy
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Ram K. Mishra
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Bhagwati P. Gupta
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
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16
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Dastghaib S, Kumar PS, Aftabi S, Damera G, Dalvand A, Sepanjnia A, Kiumarsi M, Aghanoori MR, Sohal SS, Ande SR, Alizadeh J, Mokarram P, Ghavami S, Sharma P, Zeki AA. Mechanisms Targeting the Unfolded Protein Response in Asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 64:29-38. [PMID: 32915643 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2019-0235tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cells are constantly exposed to various internal and external stressors that disrupt protein homeostasis. To cope with these stimuli, cells evoke a highly conserved adaptive mechanism called the unfolded protein response (UPR). UPR stressors can impose greater protein secretory demands on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in the development, differentiation, and survival of these cell types to meet these increasing functional needs. Dysregulation of the UPR leads to the development of the disease. The UPR and ER stress are involved in several human conditions, such as chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, metabolic syndrome, and cancer. Furthermore, potent and specific compounds that target the UPR pathway are under development as future therapies. The focus of this review is to thoroughly describe the effects of both internal and external stressors on the ER in asthma. Furthermore, we discuss how the UPR signaling pathway is activated in the lungs to overcome cellular damage. We also present an overview of the pathogenic mechanisms, with a brief focus on potential strategies for pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Dastghaib
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and
- Autophagy Research Center, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - P Sravan Kumar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sajjad Aftabi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine
- Medical Physics Department and
| | - Gautam Damera
- Personalized and Predictive Medicine (Respiratory), Global Research and Development, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Malvern, Pennsylvania
| | - Azadeh Dalvand
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine
| | - Adel Sepanjnia
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Science, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kiumarsi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine
| | - Mohamad-Reza Aghanoori
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, and
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Albrechtsen Research Centre, St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and
- Autophagy Research Center, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Autophagy Research Center, Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine
- Department of Internal Medicine, and
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amir A Zeki
- Lung Center, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California; and
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mather, California
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17
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Belyi AA, Alekseev AA, Fedintsev AY, Balybin SN, Proshkina EN, Shaposhnikov MV, Moskalev AA. The Resistance of Drosophila melanogaster to Oxidative, Genotoxic, Proteotoxic, Osmotic Stress, Infection, and Starvation Depends on Age According to the Stress Factor. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121239. [PMID: 33297320 PMCID: PMC7762242 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied how aging affects the ability of Drosophila melanogaster to tolerate various types of stress factors. Data were obtained on the resistance of D. melanogaster to oxidative and genotoxic (separately paraquat, Fe3+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ ions), proteotoxic (hyperthermia, Cd2+ ions), and osmotic (NaCl) stresses, starvation, and infection with the pathological Beauveria bassiana fungus at different ages. In all cases, we observed a strong negative correlation between age and stress tolerance. The largest change in the age-dependent decline in survival occurred under oxidative and osmotic stress. In most experiments, we observed that young Drosophila females have higher stress resistance than males. We checked whether it is possible to accurately assess the biological age of D. melanogaster based on an assessment of stress tolerance. We have proposed a new approach for assessing a biological age of D. melanogaster using a two-parameter survival curve model. For the model, we used an algorithm that evaluated the quality of age prediction for different age and gender groups. The best predictions were obtained for females who were exposed to CdCl2 and ZnCl2 with an average error of 0.32 days and 0.36 days, respectively. For males, the best results were observed for paraquat and NaCl with an average error of 0.61 and 0.68 days, respectively. The average accuracy for all stresses in our model was 1.73 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei A. Belyi
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.A.B.); (A.Y.F.); (E.N.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Alexey A. Alekseev
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.A.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Alexander Y. Fedintsev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.A.B.); (A.Y.F.); (E.N.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Stepan N. Balybin
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.A.); (S.N.B.)
| | - Ekaterina N. Proshkina
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.A.B.); (A.Y.F.); (E.N.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Mikhail V. Shaposhnikov
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.A.B.); (A.Y.F.); (E.N.P.); (M.V.S.)
| | - Alexey A. Moskalev
- Laboratory of Geroprotective and Radioprotective Technologies, Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Kommunisticheskaya st., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (A.A.B.); (A.Y.F.); (E.N.P.); (M.V.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +78-21-231-2894
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18
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Kim DH, Ha S, Choi YJ, Dong HH, Yu BP, Chung HY. Altered FoxO1 and PPARγ interaction in age-related ER stress-induced hepatic steatosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:4125-4144. [PMID: 31246177 PMCID: PMC6628996 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most powerful predictors of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD), with heightened susceptibility to vascular intimal and medial calcification associated with a high cardiovascular mortality. Abnormal mineral metabolism of calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) and underlying (dys)regulated hormonal control in CKD-mineral and bone disorder (MBD) is often accompanied by bone loss and increased vascular calcification (VC). While VC is known to be a multifactorial process and a major risk factor for CVD, the view of primary triggers and molecular mechanisms complexity has been shifting with novel scientific knowledge over the last years. In this review we highlight the importance of calcium-phosphate (CaP) mineral crystals in VC with an integrated view over the complexity of CKD, while discuss past and recent literature aiming to highlight novel horizons on this major health burden. Exacerbated VC in CKD patients might result from several interconnected mechanisms involving abnormal mineral metabolism, dysregulation of endogenous calcification inhibitors and inflammatory pathways, which function in a feedback loop driving disease progression and cardiovascular outcomes. We propose that novel approaches targeting simultaneously VC and inflammation might represent valuable new prognostic tools and targets for therapeutics and management of cardiovascular risk in the CKD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sugyeong Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Yeon Ja Choi
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Engineering, Division of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
| | - H Henry Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Byung Pal Yu
- Department of Physiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
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19
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Baliou S, Kyriakopoulos AM, Goulielmaki M, Panayiotidis MI, Spandidos DA, Zoumpourlis V. Significance of taurine transporter (TauT) in homeostasis and its layers of regulation (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2163-2173. [PMID: 32705197 PMCID: PMC7411481 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Taurine (2‑aminoethanesulfonic acid) contributes to homeostasis, mainly through its antioxidant and osmoregulatory properties. Taurine's influx and efflux are mainly mediated through the ubiquitous expression of the sodium/chloride‑dependent taurine transporter, located on the plasma membrane. The significance of the taurine transporter has been shown in various organ malfunctions in taurine‑transporter‑null mice. The taurine transporter differentially responds to various cellular stimuli including ionic environment, electrochemical charge, and pH changes. The renal system has been used as a model to evaluate the factors that significantly determine the regulation of taurine transporter regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Baliou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Michalis I Panayiotidis
- Department of Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, 2371 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Greece
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20
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Mou Z, Yuan YH, Zhang Z, Song LK, Chen NH. Endoplasmic reticulum stress, an important factor in the development of Parkinson’s disease. Toxicol Lett 2020; 324:20-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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21
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Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. ER stress activates immunosuppressive network: implications for aging and Alzheimer's disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:633-650. [PMID: 32279085 PMCID: PMC7220864 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contains stress sensors which recognize the accumulation of unfolded proteins within the lumen of ER, and subsequently these transducers stimulate the unfolded protein response (UPR). The ER sensors include the IRE1, PERK, and ATF6 transducers which activate the UPR in an attempt to restore the quality of protein folding and thus maintain cellular homeostasis. If there is excessive stress, UPR signaling generates alarmins, e.g., chemokines and cytokines, which activate not only tissue-resident immune cells but also recruit myeloid and lymphoid cells into the affected tissues. ER stress is a crucial inducer of inflammation in many pathological conditions. A chronic low-grade inflammation and cellular senescence have been associated with the aging process and many age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Currently, it is known that immune cells can exhibit great plasticity, i.e., they are able to display both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenotypes in a context-dependent manner. The microenvironment encountered in chronic inflammatory conditions triggers a compensatory immunosuppression which defends tissues from excessive inflammation. Recent studies have revealed that chronic ER stress augments the suppressive phenotypes of immune cells, e.g., in tumors and other inflammatory disorders. The activation of immunosuppressive network, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells (Treg), has been involved in the aging process and Alzheimer’s disease. We will examine in detail whether the ER stress-related changes found in aging tissues and Alzheimer’s disease are associated with the activation of immunosuppressive network, as has been observed in tumors and many chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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22
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Kültz D. Evolution of cellular stress response mechanisms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART 2020; 333:359-378. [PMID: 31970941 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The cellular stress response (CSR) is pervasive to all domains of life. It has shaped the interaction between organisms and their environment since the origin of the first cell. Although the CSR has been subject to a myriad of nuanced modifications in the various branches of life present today, its core features remain preserved. The scientific literature covering the CSR is enormous and the broad scope of this brief overview was challenging. However, it is critical to conceptually understand how cells respond to stress in a holistic sense and to point out how fundamental aspects of the CSR framework are integrated. It was necessary to be extremely selective and not feasible to even mention many interesting and important developments in this expansive field. The purpose of this overview is to sketch out general and emerging CSR concepts with an emphasis on the initial cellular strain resulting from stress (macromolecular damage) and the evolutionarily most highly conserved elements of the CSR. Examples emphasize fish and aquatic invertebrates to highlight what is known in organisms beyond mammals, yeast, and other common models. Nonetheless, select pioneering studies using canonical models are also considered and the concepts discussed are applicable to all cells. More detail on important aspects of the CSR in aquatic animals is provided in the accompanying articles of this special issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Kültz
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California
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23
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Manera M, Sayyaf Dezfuli B, Castaldelli G, DePasquale JA, Fano EA, Martino C, Giari L. Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposure Assessment on Common Carp Liver through Image and Ultrastructural Investigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4923. [PMID: 31817419 PMCID: PMC6950721 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) poses particular concern as an emerging pollutant in both surface and ground waters. Fish, as a natural inhabitant of these waters and being highly representative of vertebrates, represents an ideal animal model to assess the toxic effects of PFOA. Hereby, liver microscopic texture was comparatively evaluated in individuals of common carp subchronically exposed to PFOA using grayscale differential box counting, a fractal analysis method. Furthermore, liver cytoplasmic glycogen areas and ultrastructure were also evaluated and compared to the image analysis findings. Redundancy Analysis was performed to assess, in summary, how much the variation of fractal dimension and lacunarity was explained by the concentration of PFOA in liver, the mass of liver and the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-immunoreactive nuclei. Treatment group ordination was better determined by fractal dimension than lacunarity. Interestingly, a significant complexity increase was associated with the modification of liver microscopic texture due to PFOA exposure. This complexity increase was related to "cloudy swelling", possibly representing a primarily adaptive strategy against PFOA challenge, rather than a slight, reversible form of degeneration as traditionally proposed. The occurrence of endoplasmic reticulum stress, unfolded protein reaction and hormetic response was proposed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Manera
- Faculty of Biosciences, Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, St. R. Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Bahram Sayyaf Dezfuli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, St. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (B.S.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.F.); (L.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Castaldelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, St. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (B.S.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.F.); (L.G.)
| | | | - Elisa Anna Fano
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, St. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (B.S.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.F.); (L.G.)
| | - Camillo Martino
- Department of Veterinary, University of Perugia, St. San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Luisa Giari
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, St. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (B.S.D.); (G.C.); (E.A.F.); (L.G.)
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Song J, Chen M, Li Z, Zhang J, Hu H, Tong X, Dai F. Astragalus Polysaccharide Extends Lifespan via Mitigating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1187-1198. [PMID: 31788331 PMCID: PMC6844597 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been widely used to improve glucose homeostasis and immunoregulator properties. In recent years, it has also been shown to extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, our study shows that APS could significantly extend adult stage, mean, and maximum lifespan of the silkworm, Bombyx mori and increase body weight without affecting food intake and fecundity. Meanwhile, the activities of glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase are significantly enhanced, and the reaction oxygen species content is reduced concomitantly. Moreover, the activity of lysozyme is increased dramatically. In addition, APS rescues the shortened lifespan by Bacillus thuringiensis infection in silkworm. Furthermore, the transcription of the crucial genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress is upregulated upon the endoplasmic reticulum stress stimulation. APS also significantly ameliorates endoplasmic reticulum stress in silkworm cell line and in vivo. Together, the results of this study indicate that APS can prolong the silkworm lifespan by mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of APS-induced lifespan extension and highlights the importance of the silkworm as an experimental animal for evaluating the effects and revealing the mechanisms in lifespan extension of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhiquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Jianfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaoling Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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25
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Kundu P, Lee HU, Garcia-Perez I, Tay EXY, Kim H, Faylon LE, Martin KA, Purbojati R, Drautz-Moses DI, Ghosh S, Nicholson JK, Schuster S, Holmes E, Pettersson S. Neurogenesis and prolongevity signaling in young germ-free mice transplanted with the gut microbiota of old mice. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:11/518/eaau4760. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau4760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota evolves as the host ages, yet the effects of these microbial changes on host physiology and energy homeostasis are poorly understood. To investigate these potential effects, we transplanted the gut microbiota of old or young mice into young germ-free recipient mice. Both groups showed similar weight gain and skeletal muscle mass, but germ-free mice receiving a gut microbiota transplant from old donor mice unexpectedly showed increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus of the brain and increased intestinal growth. Metagenomic analysis revealed age-sensitive enrichment in butyrate-producing microbes in young germ-free mice transplanted with the gut microbiota of old donor mice. The higher concentration of gut microbiota–derived butyrate in these young transplanted mice was associated with an increase in the pleiotropic and prolongevity hormone fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). An increase in FGF21 correlated with increased AMPK and SIRT-1 activation and reduced mTOR signaling. Young germ-free mice treated with exogenous sodium butyrate recapitulated the prolongevity phenotype observed in young germ-free mice receiving a gut microbiota transplant from old donor mice. These results suggest that gut microbiota transplants from aged hosts conferred beneficial effects in responsive young recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Kundu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health, Key Laboratory for Microbiota-Host Interactions, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Hae Ung Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Isabel Garcia-Perez
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, SW72AZ London, UK
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Llanto Elma Faylon
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Katherine A. Martin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Rikky Purbojati
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | | | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- Penningtion Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Jeremy K. Nicholson
- Australian National Phenome Center, Murdoch University Perth, Perth, Western Australia, WA6150 Australia
| | - Stephan Schuster
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Division of Computational and Systems Medicine, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, SW72AZ London, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Hammersmith Hospital, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Sven Pettersson
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute, SE 17 177 Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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Medkour Y, Mohammad K, Arlia-Ciommo A, Svistkova V, Dakik P, Mitrofanova D, Rodriguez MEL, Junio JAB, Taifour T, Escudero P, Goltsios FF, Soodbakhsh S, Maalaoui H, Simard É, Titorenko VI. Mechanisms by which PE21, an extract from the white willow Salix alba, delays chronological aging in budding yeast. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5780-5816. [PMID: 31645900 PMCID: PMC6791382 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently found that PE21, an extract from the white willow Salix alba, slows chronological aging and prolongs longevity of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae more efficiently than any of the previously known pharmacological interventions. Here, we investigated mechanisms through which PE21 delays yeast chronological aging and extends yeast longevity. We show that PE21 causes a remodeling of lipid metabolism in chronologically aging yeast, thereby instigating changes in the concentrations of several lipid classes. We demonstrate that such changes in the cellular lipidome initiate three mechanisms of aging delay and longevity extension. The first mechanism through which PE21 slows aging and prolongs longevity consists in its ability to decrease the intracellular concentration of free fatty acids. This postpones an age-related onset of liponecrotic cell death promoted by excessive concentrations of free fatty acids. The second mechanism of aging delay and longevity extension by PE21 consists in its ability to decrease the concentrations of triacylglycerols and to increase the concentrations of glycerophospholipids within the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This activates the unfolded protein response system in the endoplasmic reticulum, which then decelerates an age-related decline in protein and lipid homeostasis and slows down an aging-associated deterioration of cell resistance to stress. The third mechanisms underlying aging delay and longevity extension by PE21 consists in its ability to change lipid concentrations in the mitochondrial membranes. This alters certain catabolic and anabolic processes in mitochondria, thus amending the pattern of aging-associated changes in several key aspects of mitochondrial functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Medkour
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Karamat Mohammad
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | | | - Veronika Svistkova
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Pamela Dakik
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Darya Mitrofanova
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | | | | | - Tarek Taifour
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Paola Escudero
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Fani-Fay Goltsios
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Sahar Soodbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Hana Maalaoui
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Éric Simard
- Idunn Technologies Inc., Rosemere, Quebec J7A 4A5, Canada
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27
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Chadwick SR, Fazio EN, Etedali-Zadeh P, Genereaux J, Duennwald ML, Lajoie P. A functional unfolded protein response is required for chronological aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet 2019; 66:263-277. [PMID: 31346745 DOI: 10.1007/s00294-019-01019-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Progressive impairment of proteostasis and accumulation of toxic misfolded proteins are associated with the cellular aging process. Here, we employed chronologically aged yeast cells to investigate how activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) upon accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) affects lifespan. We found that cells lacking a functional UPR display a significantly reduced chronological lifespan, which contrasts previous findings in models of replicative aging. We find exacerbated UPR activation in aged cells, indicating an increase in misfolded protein burden in the ER during the course of aging. We also observed that caloric restriction, which promotes longevity in various model organisms, extends lifespan of UPR-deficient strains. Similarly, aging in pH-buffered media extends lifespan, albeit independently of the UPR. Thus, our data support a role for caloric restriction and reduced acid stress in improving ER homeostasis during aging. Finally, we show that UPR-mediated upregulation of the ER chaperone Kar2 and functional ER-associated degradation (ERAD) are essential for proper aging. Our work documents the central role of secretory protein homeostasis in chronological aging in yeast and highlights that the requirement for a functional UPR can differ between post-mitotic and actively dividing eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah R Chadwick
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Elena N Fazio
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Parnian Etedali-Zadeh
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Julie Genereaux
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Martin L Duennwald
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Patrick Lajoie
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5C1, Canada.
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28
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GAS1 Deficient Enhances UPR Activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1238581. [PMID: 31275960 PMCID: PMC6582843 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1238581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Beta-1,3-glucanosyltransferase (Gas1p) plays important roles in cell wall biosynthesis and morphogenesis and has been implicated in DNA damage responses and cell cycle regulation in fungi. Yeast Gas1p has also been reported to participate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses. However, the precise roles and molecular mechanisms through which Gas1p affects these responses have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we constructed GAS1-deficient (gas1Δ) and GAS1-overexpressing (GAS1 OE) yeast strains and observed that the gas1Δ strain exhibited a decreased proliferation ability and a shorter replicative lifespan (RLS), as well as enhanced activity of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the absence of stress. However, under the high-tunicamycin-concentration (an ER stress-inducing agent; 1.0 μg/mL) stress, the gas1Δ yeast cells exhibited an increased proliferation ability compared with the wild-type yeast strain. In addition, our findings demonstrated that IRE1 and HAC1 (two upstream modulators of the UPR) are required for the survival of gas1Δ yeast cells under the tunicamycin stress. On the other hand, we provided evidence that the GAS1 overexpression caused an obvious sensitivity to the low-tunicamycin-concentration (0.25 μg/mL). Collectively, our results indicate that Gas1p plays an important role in the ageing and ER stress responses in yeast.
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29
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Hu SJ, Jiang SS, Zhang J, Luo D, Yu B, Yang LY, Zhong HH, Yang MW, Liu LY, Hong FF, Yang SL. Effects of apoptosis on liver aging. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:691-704. [PMID: 30968034 PMCID: PMC6448073 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i6.691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As an irreversible and perennial process, aging is accompanied by functional and morphological declines in organs. Generally, aging liver exhibits a decline in volume and hepatic blood flow. Even with a preeminent regenerative capacity to restore its functions after liver cell loss, its biosynthesis and metabolism abilities decline, and these are difficult to restore to previous standards. Apoptosis is a programmed death process via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, in which Bcl-2 family proteins and apoptosis-related genes, such as p21 and p53, are involved. Apoptosis inflicts both favorable and adverse influences on liver aging. Apoptosis eliminates transformed abnormal cells but promotes age-related liver diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. We summarize the roles of apoptosis in liver aging and age-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Jie Hu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Sha-Sha Jiang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Liang-Yan Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hua-Hua Zhong
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Wen Yang
- Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Department of Nurse, Nanchang University Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Teaching Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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30
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Involvement of natriuretic peptide system in C2C12 myocytes. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 456:15-27. [PMID: 30519782 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3486-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The natriuretic peptide system, a key regulator of cGMP signaling, comprises three types of natriuretic peptides, osteocrin/musclin (OSTN), and their natriuretic peptide receptors. Although this system plays important roles in many organs, its physiological roles in skeletal muscle have not been clearly described. In the present study, we investigated the role of the natriuretic peptide system in C2C12 myocytes. All three natriuretic peptide receptors were expressed by cells differentiating from myoblasts to myotubes, and natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) transcripts were detected at the highest levels. Further, higher levels of cGMP were generated in response to stimulation with C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) versus atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), which reflected receptor expression levels. A cGMP analog downregulated the expression of a few ER stress-related genes. Furthermore, OSTN gene expression was strongly upregulated after 20 days of differentiation. Augmented gene expression was found to correlate closely with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and C/EBP [CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein] homologous protein (CHOP), which is known to be activated by ER stress, affected the expression of OSTN. Together, these results suggest a role for natriuretic peptide signaling in the ER stress response of myocytes.
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31
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Di Rocco G, Baldari S, Gentile A, Capogrossi M, Toietta G. Protein disulfide isomerase as a prosurvival factor in cell therapy for muscular and vascular diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:250. [PMID: 30257707 PMCID: PMC6158916 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0986-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell therapy for degenerative diseases aims at rescuing tissue damage by delivery of precursor cells. Thus far, this strategy has been mostly unsuccessful due to massive loss of donor cells shortly after transplantation. Several strategies have been applied to increase transplanted cell survival but only with limited success. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle involved in protein folding, calcium homeostasis, and lipid biosynthesis. Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a molecular chaperone induced and activated by ER stress. PDI is induced by hypoxia in neuronal, cardiac, and endothelial cells, supporting increased cell survival to hypoxic stress and protection from apoptosis in response to ischemia. Methods We achieved ex vivo PDI gene transfer into luciferase-expressing myoblasts and endothelial cells. We assessed cell engraftment upon intramuscular transplantation into a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (mdx mouse) and into a mouse model of ischemic disease. Results We observed that loss of full-length dystrophin expression in mdx mice muscle leads to an increase of PDI expression, possibly in response to augmented ER protein folding load. Moreover, we determined that overexpression of PDI confers a survival advantage for muscle cells in vitro and in vivo to human myoblasts injected into murine dystrophic muscle and to endothelial cells administered upon hindlimb ischemia damage, improving the therapeutic outcome of the cell therapy treatment. Conclusions Collectively, these results suggest that overexpression of PDI may protect transplanted cells from hypoxia and other possibly occurring ER stresses, and consequently enhance their regenerative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Di Rocco
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Baldari
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonietta Gentile
- Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy.,Present address: Department of Systems Medicine, Synaptic Immunopathology Laboratory, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Capogrossi
- Vascular Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostic and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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32
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Mechanism of Action of Magnesium Lithospermate B against Aging and Obesity-Induced ER Stress, Insulin Resistance, and Inflammsome Formation in the Liver. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092098. [PMID: 30134566 PMCID: PMC6225288 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium lithospermate B (MLB) is the biologically active compound of the water-soluble fraction of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Magnesium lithospermate B exhibits various biological functions, including antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and antioxidant effects. However, its beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity and related signaling pathways in the liver need to be elucidated. Our previous study reported that MLB is a PPARβ/δ agonist in fibroblasts. Because insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory effects of PPARβ/δ has been reported in the liver, we investigated whether MLB has a beneficial effect on insulin-, ER stress- and inflammasome-related signaling in the livers of aging and obese animal models. Western blotting and protein-ligand docking simulation showed that MLB activated PPARβ/δ and improved glucose tolerance in the livers of aging and obese animal models. MLB supplementation ameliorated aging or obesity-induced disruption of insulin signaling in the liver. Consistently, aging and obesity-induced increase in the protein levels of a gluconeogenic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was decreased by MLB. When molecular signaling pathways related to insulin signaling were examined in the liver, MLB supplementation suppressed ER stress- and inflammasome-related signaling molecules induced by aging and obesity. These results suggest that MLB may improve insulin resistance in the liver at least partially by suppressing ER stress and inflammasome formation in aging and obese animal models.
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33
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Zhu B, Dacso CC, O’Malley BW. Unveiling "Musica Universalis" of the Cell: A Brief History of Biological 12-Hour Rhythms. J Endocr Soc 2018; 2:727-752. [PMID: 29978151 PMCID: PMC6025213 DOI: 10.1210/js.2018-00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
"Musica universalis" is an ancient philosophical concept claiming the movements of celestial bodies follow mathematical equations and resonate to produce an inaudible harmony of music, and the harmonious sounds that humans make were an approximation of this larger harmony of the universe. Besides music, electromagnetic waves such as light and electric signals also are presented as harmonic resonances. Despite the seemingly universal theme of harmonic resonance in various disciplines, it was not until recently that the same harmonic resonance was discovered also to exist in biological systems. Contrary to traditional belief that a biological system is either at stead-state or cycles with a single frequency, it is now appreciated that most biological systems have no homeostatic "set point," but rather oscillate as composite rhythms consisting of superimposed oscillations. These oscillations often cycle at different harmonics of the circadian rhythm, and among these, the ~12-hour oscillation is most prevalent. In this review, we focus on these 12-hour oscillations, with special attention to their evolutionary origin, regulation, and functions in mammals, as well as their relationship to the circadian rhythm. We further discuss the potential roles of the 12-hour clock in regulating hepatic steatosis, aging, and the possibility of 12-hour clock-based chronotherapy. Finally, we posit that biological rhythms are also musica universalis: whereas the circadian rhythm is synchronized to the 24-hour light/dark cycle coinciding with the Earth's rotation, the mammalian 12-hour clock may have evolved from the circatidal clock, which is entrained by the 12-hour tidal cues orchestrated by the moon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bokai Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Clifford C Dacso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bert W O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Harkness TAA. Activating the Anaphase Promoting Complex to Enhance Genomic Stability and Prolong Lifespan. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071888. [PMID: 29954095 PMCID: PMC6073722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In aging cells, genomic instability is now recognized as a hallmark event. Throughout life, cells encounter multiple endogenous and exogenous DNA damaging events that are mostly repaired, but inevitably DNA mutations, chromosome rearrangements, and epigenetic deregulation begins to mount. Now that people are living longer, more and more late life time is spent suffering from age-related disease, in which genomic instability plays a critical role. However, several major questions remain heavily debated, such as the following: When does aging start? How long can we live? In order to minimize the impact of genomic instability on longevity, it is important to understand when aging starts, and to ensure repair mechanisms remain optimal from the very start to the very end. In this review, the interplay between the stress and nutrient response networks, and the regulation of homeostasis and genomic stability, is discussed. Mechanisms that link these two networks are predicted to be key lifespan determinants. The Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC), a large evolutionarily conserved ubiquitin ligase, can potentially serve this need. Recent work demonstrates that the APC maintains genomic stability, mounts a stress response, and increases longevity in yeast. Furthermore, inhibition of APC activity by glucose and nutrient response factors indicates a tight link between the APC and the stress/nutrient response networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy A A Harkness
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Nakahata Y, Yasukawa S, Khaidizar FD, Shimba S, Matsui T, Bessho Y. Bmal1-deficient mouse fibroblast cells do not provide premature cellular senescence in vitro. Chronobiol Int 2018; 35:730-738. [PMID: 29372841 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1430038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Bmal1 is a core circadian clock gene. Bmal1-/- mice show disruption of the clock and premature aging phenotypes with a short lifespan. However, little is known whether disruption of Bmal1 leads to premature aging at cellular level. Here, we established primary mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells derived from Bmal1-/- mice and investigated its effects on cellular senescence. Unexpectedly, Bmal1-/- primary MEFs that showed disrupted circadian oscillation underwent neither premature replicative nor stress-induced cellular senescence. Our results therefore uncover that Bmal1 is not required for in vitro cellular senescence, suggesting that circadian clock does not control in vitro cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasukazu Nakahata
- a Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma, Nara , Japan
| | - Shiori Yasukawa
- a Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma, Nara , Japan
| | - Fiqri Dizar Khaidizar
- a Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma, Nara , Japan
| | - Shigeki Shimba
- b Department of Health Science, School of Pharmacy , Nihon University , Funabashi , Chiba , Japan
| | - Takaaki Matsui
- a Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma, Nara , Japan
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- a Laboratory of Gene Regulation Research, Graduate School of Biological Sciences , Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma, Nara , Japan
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Lee F, Lawrence DA. From Infections to Anthropogenic Inflicted Pathologies: Involvement of Immune Balance. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 21:24-46. [PMID: 29252129 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1412212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A temporal trend can be seen in recent human history where the dominant causes of death have shifted from infectious to chronic diseases in industrialized societies. Human influences in the current "Anthropocene" epoch are exponentially impacting the environment and consequentially health. Changing ecological niches are suggested to have created health transitions expressed as modifications of immune balance from infections inflicting pathologies in the Holocene epoch (12,000 years ago) to human behaviors inflicting pathologies beginning in the Anthropocene epoch (300 years ago). A review of human immune health and adaptations responding to environmental (biological, chemical, physical, and psychological) stresses, which are influenced by social conditions, emphasize the involvement of fluctuations in immune cell subsets affecting influential gene-environment interactions. The literature from a variety of fields (anthropological, immunological, and environmental) is incorporated to present an expanded perspective on shifts in diseases within the context of immune balance and function and environmental immunology. The influences between historical and contemporary human ecology are examined in relation to human immunity. Several examples of shifts in human physiology and immunity support the premise that increased incidences of chronic diseases are a consequence of human modification of environment and lifestyle. Although the development of better health care and a broader understanding of human health have helped with better life quality and expectancy, the transition of morbidity and mortality rates from infections to chronic diseases is a cause for concern. Combinations of environmental stressors/pollutants and human behaviors and conditions are modulating the immune-neuroendocrine network, which compromises health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Lee
- a Department of Anthropology , University at Albany , Albany , NY , USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- b Wadsworth Center/New York State Department of Health , Albany , NY , USA
- c Biomedical Sciences and Environmental Health Sciences , University at Albany, School of Public Health , Albany , NY , USA
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Neuroinflammation alters cellular proteostasis by producing endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy activation and disrupting ERAD activation. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8100. [PMID: 28808322 PMCID: PMC5556015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteostasis alteration and neuroinflammation are typical features of normal aging. We have previously shown that neuroinflammation alters cellular proteostasis through immunoproteasome induction, leading to a transient decrease of proteasome activity. Here, we further investigated the role of acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hippocampal neuroinflammation in cellular proteostasis. In particular, we focused on macroautophagy (hereinafter called autophagy) and endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD). We demonstrate that LPS injection induced autophagy activation that was dependent, at least in part, on glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β activity but independent of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition. Neuroinflammation also produced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress leading to canonical unfolded protein response (UPR) activation with a rapid activating transcription factor (ATF) 6α attenuation that resulted in a time-dependent down-regulation of ERAD markers. In this regard, the time-dependent accumulation of unspliced X-box binding protein (XBP) 1, likely because of decreased inositol-requiring enzyme (IRE) 1α-mediated splicing activity, might underlie in vivo ATF6α attenuation. Importantly, lactacystin-induced activation of ERAD was abolished in both the acute neuroinflammation model and in aged rats. Therefore, we provide a cellular pathway through which neuroinflammation might sensitize cells to neurodegeneration under stress situations, being relevant in normal aging and other disorders where neuroinflammation is a characteristic feature.
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Mihailidou C, Chatzistamou I, Papavassiliou AG, Kiaris H. Modulation of Pancreatic Islets' Function and Survival During Aging Involves the Differential Regulation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by p21 and CHOP. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:185-200. [PMID: 27931122 PMCID: PMC5512329 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is recognized as a major mechanism causing pancreatic dysfunction in diabetes, little is known on how aging modulates the process. Here, we compared the response with ER stress, viability, and insulin release from pancreatic islets of young (6 weeks) or aged (14 months) mice. RESULTS Islets from aged mice were more sensitive to ER stress than their younger counterparts; they exhibited more pronounced unfolded protein response (UPR) and caspase activation and displayed compromised insulin release after high-glucose stimulation. Genetic ablation of p21 sensitized the islets to ER stress, especially in the aged group, whereas CHOP ablation was protective for islets from both aged and younger animals. Ciclopirox (CPX), an iron chelator that stimulates p21 expression, protected islets from glucotoxicity and mice from diet-induced diabetes, especially in the aged group in a manner that was both p21 and CHOP dependent. INNOVATION For the first time, the study shows that age-dependent susceptibility to diet-induced diabetes is associated with the activity of p21 and CHOP in pancreatic islets and that CPX protects islets from glucotoxicity and mice from diabetes in an age-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our results identify ER stress as an age-dependent modifier of islet survival and function by mechanisms implicating enhancement of CHOP activity and inhibition of the protective activity of p21. These findings suggest that interventions restoring the homeostatic activity of ER stress, by agents such as CPX, may be particularly beneficial for the management of diabetes in the elderly. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 185-200.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysovalantou Mihailidou
- 1 Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioulia Chatzistamou
- 2 Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine , Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- 1 Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Hippokratis Kiaris
- 1 Department of Biological Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Medical School, Athens, Greece .,3 Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina , Columbia, South Carolina
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Salminen A, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Regulation of longevity by FGF21: Interaction between energy metabolism and stress responses. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 37:79-93. [PMID: 28552719 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a hormone-like member of FGF family which controls metabolic multiorgan crosstalk enhancing energy expenditure through glucose and lipid metabolism. In addition, FGF21 acts as a stress hormone induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress and dysfunctions of mitochondria and autophagy in several tissues. FGF21 also controls stress responses and metabolism by modulating the functions of somatotropic axis and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) pathway. FGF21 is a potent longevity factor coordinating interactions between energy metabolism and stress responses. Recent studies have revealed that FGF21 treatment can alleviate many age-related metabolic disorders, e.g. atherosclerosis, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and some cardiovascular diseases. In addition, transgenic mice overexpressing FGF21 have an extended lifespan. However, chronic metabolic and stress-related disorders involving inflammatory responses can provoke FGF21 resistance and thus disturb healthy aging process. First, we will describe the role of FGF21 in interorgan energy metabolism and explain how its functions as a stress hormone can improve healthspan. Next, we will examine both the induction of FGF21 expression via the integrated stress response and the molecular mechanism through which FGF21 enhances healthy aging. Finally, we postulate that FGF21 resistance, similarly to insulin resistance, jeopardizes human healthspan and accelerates the aging process.
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Kooman JP, Dekker MJ, Usvyat LA, Kotanko P, van der Sande FM, Schalkwijk CG, Shiels PG, Stenvinkel P. Inflammation and premature aging in advanced chronic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 313:F938-F950. [PMID: 28701312 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00256.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation in end-stage renal disease is an established risk factor for mortality and a catalyst for other complications, which are related to a premature aging phenotype, including muscle wasting, vascular calcification, and other forms of premature vascular disease, depression, osteoporosis, and frailty. Uremic inflammation is also mechanistically related to mechanisms involved in the aging process, such as telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered nutrient sensing, which can have a direct effect on cellular and tissue function. In addition to uremia-specific causes, such as abnormalities in the phosphate-Klotho axis, there are remarkable similarities between the pathophysiology of uremic inflammation and so-called "inflammaging" in the general population. Potentially relevant, but still somewhat unexplored in this respect, are abnormal or misplaced protein structures, as well as abnormalities in tissue homeostasis, which evoke danger signals through damage-associated molecular patterns, as well as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Systemic inflammation, in combination with the loss of kidney function, can impair the resilience of the body to external and internal stressors by reduced functional and structural tissue reserves, and by impairing normal organ crosstalk, thus providing an explanation for the greatly increased risk of homeostatic breakdown in this population. In this review, the relationship between uremic inflammation and a premature aging phenotype, as well as potential causes and consequences, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen P Kooman
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands;
| | | | - Len A Usvyat
- Fresenius Medical Care North America, Waltham, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Kotanko
- Renal Research Institute, New York, New York.,Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Paul G Shiels
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; and
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Divsion of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Matsumoto T, Watanabe S, Ando M, Yamada K, Iguchi M, Taguchi K, Kobayashi T. Diabetes and Age-Related Differences in Vascular Function of Renal Artery: Possible Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Rejuvenation Res 2016; 19:41-52. [PMID: 26234558 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2015.1662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the time-course relationship between vascular functions and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in type 2 diabetes, we investigated vascular function and associated protein expression, including cyclo-oxygenase (COX), ER stress, and apoptotic markers, in renal arteries (RA) from type 2 diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats at the young adult (4 months old) and aged (18 months old) stages. In the RA of aged OLETF (vs. young OLETF), we found: (1) Increased contractions induced by uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) and phenylephrine, (2) decreased relaxation and increased contraction induced by acetylcholine (ACh) at lower and higher concentrations, respectively, and (3) increased expression of COX-1 and C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP, a pro-apoptotic protein). In aged rats, the expression of COX-1, COX-2, PDI (an ER protein disulfide isomerase), Bax (a proapoptotic marker), and CHOP were increased in RA from OLETF rats (vs. age-matched control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka [LETO] rats). Up-regulation of PDI and Bax were seen in the RA from young OLETF (vs. young LETO) rats. No age-related alterations were apparent in the above changes in RA from LETO rats, excluding ACh-induced contraction. Short-term treatment with the ER stress inhibitor tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA, 100 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneally for 1 week) to OLETF rats at the chronic stage of the disease (12 months old) could suppress renal arterial contractions induced by Up4A and ACh. These results suggest that a long-term duration of disease may be important for the development of vascular dysfunction rather than aging per se. The early regulation of ER stress may be important against the development of diabetes-associated vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Matsumoto
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Ando
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yamada
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maika Iguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kumiko Taguchi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Kobayashi
- Department of Physiology and Morphology, Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University , Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Teixeira V, Costa V. Unraveling the role of the Target of Rapamycin signaling in sphingolipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2015; 61:109-33. [PMID: 26703187 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are important bioactive molecules that regulate basic aspects of cellular metabolism and physiology, including cell growth, adhesion, migration, senescence, apoptosis, endocytosis, and autophagy in yeast and higher eukaryotes. Since they have the ability to modulate the activation of several proteins and signaling pathways, variations in the relative levels of different sphingolipid species result in important changes in overall cellular functions and fate. Sphingolipid metabolism and their route of synthesis are highly conserved from yeast to mammalian cells. Studies using the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have served in many ways to foster our understanding of sphingolipid dynamics and their role in the regulation of cellular processes. In the past decade, studies in S. cerevisiae have unraveled a functional association between the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) pathway and sphingolipids, showing that both TOR Complex 1 (TORC1) and TOR Complex 2 (TORC2) branches control temporal and spatial aspects of sphingolipid metabolism in response to physiological and environmental cues. In this review, we report recent findings in this emerging and exciting link between the TOR pathway and sphingolipids and implications in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Teixeira V, Medeiros TC, Vilaça R, Ferreira J, Moradas-Ferreira P, Costa V. Ceramide signaling targets the PP2A-like protein phosphatase Sit4p to impair vacuolar function, vesicular trafficking and autophagy in Isc1p deficient cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1861:21-33. [PMID: 26477382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The vacuoles play important roles in cellular homeostasis and their functions include the digestion of cytoplasmic material and organelles derived from autophagy. Conserved nutrient signaling pathways regulate vacuolar function and autophagy, ensuring normal cell and organismal development and aging. Recent evidence implicates sphingolipids in the modulation of these processes, but the impact of ceramide signaling on vacuolar dynamics and autophagy remains largely unknown. Here, we show that yeast cells lacking Isc1p, an orthologue of mammalian neutral sphingomyelinase type 2, exhibit vacuolar fragmentation and dysfunctions, namely decreased Pep4p-mediated proteolysis and V-ATPase activity, which impairs vacuolar acidification. Moreover, these phenotypes are suppressed by downregulation of the ceramide-activated protein phosphatase Sit4p. The isc1Δ cells also exhibit defective Cvt and vesicular trafficking in a Sit4p-dependent manner, ultimately contributing to a reduced autophagic flux. Importantly, these phenotypes are also suppressed by downregulation of the nutrient signaling kinase TORC1, which is known to inhibit Sit4p and autophagy, or Sch9p. These results support a model in which Sit4p functions downstream of Isc1p in a TORC1-independent, ceramide-dependent signaling branch that impairs vacuolar function and vesicular trafficking, leading to autophagic defects in yeast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Teixeira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen s/n, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tânia C Medeiros
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Vilaça
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen s/n, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Ferreira
- IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moradas-Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen s/n, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vítor Costa
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen s/n, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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What is hormesis and its relevance to healthy aging and longevity? Biogerontology 2015; 16:693-707. [PMID: 26349923 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-015-9601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper provides a broad overview of hormesis, a specific type of biphasic dose response, its historical and scientific foundations as well as its biomedical applications, especially with respect to aging. Hormesis is a fundamental component of adaptability, neutralizing many endogenous and environmental challenges by toxic agents, thereby enhancing survival. Hormesis is highly conserved, broadly generalizable, and pleiotrophic, being independent of biological model, endpoint measured, inducing agent, level of biological organization and mechanism. The low dose stimulatory hormetic response has specific characteristics which defines both the quantitative features of biological plasticity and the potential for maximum biological performance, thereby estimating the limits to which numerous medical and pharmacological interventions may affect humans. The substantial degrading of some hormetic processes in the aged may profoundly reduce the capacity to respond effectively to numerous environmental/ischemic and other stressors leading to compromised health, disease and, ultimately, defining the bounds of longevity.
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Mathew A. The P5 disulfide switch: taming the aging unfolded protein response. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:743-51. [PMID: 26045202 PMCID: PMC4529870 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0606-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging cells are characterized by a loss of proteostasis and a decreased ability to survive under environmental stress. Regulation of the UPR in aging cells has been under much scrutiny, and studies have shown that the UPR in these cells differs considerably from younger cells with regard to the induction of apoptosis and chaperone activity. The role of IRE-1 and PERK in UPR-associated apoptosis makes the regulation of these signaling cascades an important target of study. The seemingly contradictory findings regarding the role of P5 in activating and deactivating these responses warrant further investigation and may hold the key to unlocking the role of this protein in various pathological conditions. Another important target for study with regard to P5 is the effects of the localization of this protein in the mitochondria and the consequences, if any, of these effects on the activation of the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Mathew
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15-Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, China,
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46
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Wang Y, Yamada E, Zong H, Pessin JE. Fyn Activation of mTORC1 Stimulates the IRE1α-JNK Pathway, Leading to Cell Death. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:24772-83. [PMID: 26306048 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.687020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the skeletal muscle-specific overexpression of Fyn in mice resulted in a severe muscle wasting phenotype despite the activation of mTORC1 signaling. To investigate the bases for the loss of muscle fiber mass, we examined the relationship between Fyn activation of mTORC1, JNK, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Overexpression of Fyn in skeletal muscle in vivo and in HEK293T cells in culture resulted in the activation of IRE1α and JNK, leading to increased cell death. Fyn synergized with the general endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer thapsigargin, resulting in the activation of IRE1α and further accelerated cell death. Moreover, inhibition of mTORC1 with rapamycin suppressed IRE1α activation and JNK phosphorylation, resulting in protecting cells against Fyn- and thapsigargin-induced cell death. Moreover, rapamycin treatment in vivo reduced the skeletal muscle IRE1α activation in the Fyn-overexpressing transgenic mice. Together, these data demonstrate the presence of a Fyn-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress that occurred, at least in part, through the activation of mTORC1, as well as subsequent activation of the IRE1α-JNK pathway driving cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wang
- From the Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and
| | - Eijiro Yamada
- the Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan
| | - Haihong Zong
- Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 and
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- From the Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461 and
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Wang W, Sun Y, Chen S, Zhou X, Wu X, Kong W, Kong W. Impaired unfolded protein response in the degeneration of cochlea cells in a mouse model of age-related hearing loss. Exp Gerontol 2015; 70:61-70. [PMID: 26173054 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) to prevent the accumulation of proteins in an aberrant conformation. The UPR can restore homeostasis by upregulating ER chaperones, such as glucose-regulated protein 78kD (GRP78), to refold the incorrectly handled protein, and by degrading the misfolded proteins via the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome system. ER stress was recently demonstrated to be involved in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases. In this study, we measured the expression levels of GRP78 and ubiquitinated proteins in the cochleae of young C57BL/6 mice and aged mice to assess the capacity of the UPR. The lower expression of GRP78 and the increased number of ubiquitinated proteins observed in the cochleae of aged mice suggested that the capacity of the UPR was impaired and that the cell death pathway was activated. We found a markedly increased expression of the ER-related pro-apoptotic factor C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) in the cochleae of aged mice, whereas the level of cleaved caspase-12 did not differ between the two groups. In addition, the cleavage of caspase-9, caspase-3 and poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 was significantly increased in the aged cochleae, suggesting the activation of apoptosis in the cochleae resulting from the cross-talk between the ER and mitochondria through CHOP. These results indicated that impaired UPR in the cochleae of aged C57BL/6 mice resulting in ER stress may lead to apoptosis that is dependent on the mitochondrial pathway and that ER stress induced apoptosis may not be mediated by caspase-12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Xingxing Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Xia Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China
| | - Wen Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China.
| | - Weijia Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China; Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, PR China.
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48
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Tower J. Mitochondrial maintenance failure in aging and role of sexual dimorphism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 576:17-31. [PMID: 25447815 PMCID: PMC4409928 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gene expression changes during aging are partly conserved across species, and suggest that oxidative stress, inflammation and proteotoxicity result from mitochondrial malfunction and abnormal mitochondrial-nuclear signaling. Mitochondrial maintenance failure may result from trade-offs between mitochondrial turnover versus growth and reproduction, sexual antagonistic pleiotropy and genetic conflicts resulting from uni-parental mitochondrial transmission, as well as mitochondrial and nuclear mutations and loss of epigenetic regulation. Aging phenotypes and interventions are often sex-specific, indicating that both male and female sexual differentiation promote mitochondrial failure and aging. Studies in mammals and invertebrates implicate autophagy, apoptosis, AKT, PARP, p53 and FOXO in mediating sex-specific differences in stress resistance and aging. The data support a model where the genes Sxl in Drosophila, sdc-2 in Caenorhabditis elegans, and Xist in mammals regulate mitochondrial maintenance across generations and in aging. Several interventions that increase life span cause a mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), and UPRmt is also observed during normal aging, indicating hormesis. The UPRmt may increase life span by stimulating mitochondrial turnover through autophagy, and/or by inhibiting the production of hormones and toxic metabolites. The data suggest that metazoan life span interventions may act through a common hormesis mechanism involving liver UPRmt, mitochondrial maintenance and sexual differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Tower
- Molecular and Computational Biology Program, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2910, United States.
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Cui HJ, Liu XG, McCormick M, Wasko BM, Zhao W, He X, Yuan Y, Fang BX, Sun XR, Kennedy BK, Suh Y, Zhou ZJ, Kaeberlein M, Feng WL. PMT1 deficiency enhances basal UPR activity and extends replicative lifespan of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:9788. [PMID: 25936926 PMCID: PMC4417673 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9788-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Pmt1p is an important member of the protein O-mannosyltransferase (PMT) family of enzymes, which participates in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) unfolded protein response (UPR), an important pathway for alleviating ER stress. ER stress and the UPR have been implicated in aging and age-related diseases in several organisms; however, a possible role for PMT1 in determining lifespan has not been previously described. In this study, we report that deletion of PMT1 increases replicative lifespan (RLS) in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while overexpression of PMT1 (PMT1-OX) reduces RLS. Relative to wild-type and PMT1-OX strains, the pmt1Δ strain had enhanced HAC1 mRNA splicing and elevated expression levels of UPR target genes. Furthermore, the increased RLS of the pmt1Δ strain could be completely abolished by deletion of either IRE1 or HAC1, two upstream modulators of the UPR. The double deletion strains pmt1Δhac1Δ and pmt1Δire1Δ also displayed generally reduced transcription of UPR target genes. Collectively, our results suggest that PMT1 deficiency enhances basal activity of the ER UPR and extends the RLS of yeast mother cells through a mechanism that requires both IRE1 and HAC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Jing Cui
- />Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Guang Liu
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mark McCormick
- />Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 98945 USA
| | - Brian M. Wasko
- />Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98159 USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing-Xiong Fang
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Rong Sun
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
| | - Brian K. Kennedy
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 98945 USA
| | - Yousin Suh
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Zhong-Jun Zhou
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- />Institute of Aging Research, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, 523808 People’s Republic of China
- />Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98159 USA
| | - Wen-Li Feng
- />Department of Clinical Hematology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics Designated by the Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Yixueyuan Road, Chongqing, 400016 People’s Republic of China
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50
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Liu J, Yang JR, Chen XM, Cai GY, Lin LR, He YN. Impact of ER stress-regulated ATF4/p16 signaling on the premature senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells in diabetic nephropathy. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2015; 308:C621-30. [PMID: 25567807 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00096.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Premature senescence is an important event during diabetic nephropathy (DN) progression. Here, we investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-regulated activation of transcription factor 4 (ATF4)/p16 signaling in the premature senescence of renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) during DN development. In the renal tissues of Type 2 DN patients, we detected an increased number of senescent cells; elevated deposition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs); upregulated expression of ER stress marker, glucose-regulated protein 78; as well as overexpression of ATF4 and p16. Similarly, these phenomena were also observed in cultured mouse RTECs following AGE treatment. Interestingly, AGE-induced p16 expression and premature senescence were successfully attenuated by ER stress inhibitor and ATF4 gene silencing. Moreover, AGE-induced premature senescence was mimicked by ER stress inducers and ATF4 overexpression, while suppressed by p16 gene silencing. In addition, ER stress inducers can augment ATF4 expression. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the ER stress-regulated ATF4/p16 pathway is involved in the premature senescence of RTECs during DN progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Kidney Center of the People's Liberation Army, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Military Medical Postgraduate College, Beijing, China
| | - Ju-Rong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Xiang-Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Kidney Center of the People's Liberation Army, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Military Medical Postgraduate College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Kidney Center of the People's Liberation Army, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Military Medical Postgraduate College, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Rong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
| | - Ya-Ni He
- Department of Nephrology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and
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