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Arcone R, D’Errico A, Nasso R, Rullo R, Poli A, Di Donato P, Masullo M. Inhibition of Enzymes Involved in Neurodegenerative Disorders and A β1-40 Aggregation by Citrus limon Peel Polyphenol Extract. Molecules 2023; 28:6332. [PMID: 37687161 PMCID: PMC10489013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) are multifactorial neurogenerative disorders of the Central Nervous System causing severe cognitive and motor deficits in elderly people. Because treatment of AD and PD by synthetic drugs alleviates the symptoms often inducing side effects, many studies have aimed to find neuroprotective properties of diet polyphenols, compounds known to act on different cell signaling pathways. In this article, we analyzed the effect of polyphenols obtained from the agro-food industry waste of Citrus limon peel (LPE) on key enzymes of cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission, such as butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) and monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A/B, on Aβ1-40 aggregation and on superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1/2 that affect oxidative stress. In our in vitro assays, LPE acts as an enzyme inhibitor on BuChE (IC50 ~ 73 µM), MAO-A/B (IC50 ~ 80 µM), SOD 1/2 (IC50 ~ 10-20 µM) and interferes with Aβ1-40 peptide aggregation (IC50 ~ 170 µM). These results demonstrate that LPE behaves as a multitargeting agent against key factors of AD and PD by inhibiting to various extents BuChE, MAOs, and SODs and reducing Aβ-fibril aggregation. Therefore, LPE is a promising candidate for the prevention and management of AD and PD symptoms in combination with pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Arcone
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
| | - Antonio D’Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
| | - Rosarita Nasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
| | - Rosario Rullo
- ISPAAM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazzale Enrico Fermi, 1, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Annarita Poli
- ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.P.); (P.D.D.)
| | - Paola Di Donato
- ICB, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy; (A.P.); (P.D.D.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143 Napoli, Italy
| | - Mariorosario Masullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Parthenope”, Via Medina, 40, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (R.A.); (A.D.); (R.N.)
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2
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Chen Y, Yu Y. Tau and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: interplay mechanisms and clinical translation. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:165. [PMID: 37452321 PMCID: PMC10349496 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) contributes to most cases of dementia. Its prominent neuropathological features are the extracellular neuritic plaques and intercellular neurofibrillary tangles composed of aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, respectively. In the past few decades, disease-modifying therapy targeting Aβ has been the focus of AD drug development. Even though it is encouraging that two of these drugs have recently received accelerated US Food and Drug Administration approval for AD treatment, their efficacy or long-term safety is controversial. Tau has received increasing attention as a potential therapeutic target, since evidence indicates that tau pathology is more associated with cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, inflammation, especially neuroinflammation, accompanies AD pathological processes and is also linked to cognitive deficits. Accumulating evidence indicates that inflammation has a complex and tight interplay with tau pathology. Here, we review recent evidence on the interaction between tau pathology, focusing on tau post-translational modification and dissemination, and neuroinflammatory responses, including glial cell activation and inflammatory signaling pathways. Then, we summarize the latest clinical trials targeting tau and neuroinflammation. Sustained and increased inflammatory responses in glial cells and neurons are pivotal cellular drivers and regulators of the exacerbation of tau pathology, which further contributes to its worsening by aggravating inflammatory responses. Unraveling the precise mechanisms underlying the relationship between tau pathology and neuroinflammation will provide new insights into the discovery and clinical translation of therapeutic targets for AD and other tau-related diseases (tauopathies). Targeting multiple pathologies and precision therapy strategies will be the crucial direction for developing drugs for AD and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Drug Target Identification and Delivery, Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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3
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Tarawneh R. Microvascular Contributions to Alzheimer Disease Pathogenesis: Is Alzheimer Disease Primarily an Endotheliopathy? Biomolecules 2023; 13:830. [PMID: 37238700 PMCID: PMC10216678 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) models are based on the notion that abnormal protein aggregation is the primary event in AD, which begins a decade or longer prior to symptom onset, and culminates in neurodegeneration; however, emerging evidence from animal and clinical studies suggests that reduced blood flow due to capillary loss and endothelial dysfunction are early and primary events in AD pathogenesis, which may precede amyloid and tau aggregation, and contribute to neuronal and synaptic injury via direct and indirect mechanisms. Recent data from clinical studies suggests that endothelial dysfunction is closely associated with cognitive outcomes in AD and that therapeutic strategies which promote endothelial repair in early AD may offer a potential opportunity to prevent or slow disease progression. This review examines evidence from clinical, imaging, neuropathological, and animal studies supporting vascular contributions to the onset and progression of AD pathology. Together, these observations support the notion that the onset of AD may be primarily influenced by vascular, rather than neurodegenerative, mechanisms and emphasize the importance of further investigations into the vascular hypothesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan Tarawneh
- Department of Neurology, Center for Memory and Aging, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
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4
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Twarowski B, Herbet M. Inflammatory Processes in Alzheimer's Disease-Pathomechanism, Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:6518. [PMID: 37047492 PMCID: PMC10095343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most commonly diagnosed cases of senile dementia in the world. It is an incurable process, most often leading to death. This disease is multifactorial, and one factor of this is inflammation. Numerous mediators secreted by inflammatory cells can cause neuronal degeneration. Neuritis may coexist with other mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease, contributing to disease progression, and may also directly underlie AD. Although much has been established about the inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of AD, many aspects remain unexplained. The work is devoted in particular to the pathomechanism of inflammation and its role in diagnosis and treatment. An in-depth and detailed understanding of the pathomechanism of neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease may help in the development of diagnostic methods for early diagnosis and may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b Street, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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5
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Kakoty V, Kc S, Kumari S, Yang CH, Dubey SK, Sahebkar A, Kesharwani P, Taliyan R. Brain insulin resistance linked Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease pathology: An undying implication of epigenetic and autophagy modulation. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:699-716. [PMID: 36952096 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
In metabolic syndrome, dysregulated signalling activity of the insulin receptor pathway in the brain due to persistent insulin resistance (IR) condition in the periphery may lead to brain IR (BIR) development. BIR causes an upsurge in the activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, increased amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, hyperphosphorylation of tau, aggravated formation of Aβ oligomers and simultaneously neurofibrillary tangle formation, all of which are believed to be direct contributors in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. Likewise, for Parkinson's Disease (PD), BIR is associated with alpha-synuclein alterations, dopamine loss in brain areas which ultimately succumbs towards the appearance of classical motor symptoms corresponding to the typical PD phenotype. Modulation of the autophagy process for clearing misfolded proteins and alteration in histone proteins to alleviate disease progression in BIR-linked AD and PD have recently evolved as a research hotspot, as the majority of the autophagy-related proteins are believed to be regulated by histone posttranslational modifications. Hence, this review will provide a timely update on the possible mechanism(s) converging towards BIR induce AD and PD. Further, emphasis on the potential epigenetic regulation of autophagy that can be effectively targeted for devising a complete therapeutic cure for BIR-induced AD and PD will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violina Kakoty
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara
- Neuropsychopharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sarathlal Kc
- Neuropsychopharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
| | - Shobha Kumari
- Neuropsychopharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sunil Kumar Dubey
- Medical Research, R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, 13, BT Road, Belgharia, Kolkata, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India.
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Rajeev Taliyan
- Neuropsychopharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Pilani Campus, Pilani, Rajasthan, India.
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6
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Konstantinidis E, Dakhel A, Beretta C, Erlandsson A. Long-term effects of amyloid-beta deposits in human iPSC-derived astrocytes. Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 125:103839. [PMID: 36907531 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that astrocytes are tightly connected to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the way in which astrocytes participate in AD initiation and progression remains to be clarified. Our previous data show that astrocytes engulf large amounts of aggregated amyloid-beta (Aβ) but are unable to successfully degrade the material. In this study, we aimed to evaluate how intracellular Aβ-accumulation affects the astrocytes over time. For this purpose, human induced pluripotent cell (hiPSC)-derived astrocytes were exposed to sonicated Aβ-fibrils and then cultured further for one week or ten weeks in Aβ-free medium. Cells from both time points were analyzed for lysosomal proteins and astrocyte reactivity markers and the media were screened for inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the overall health of cytoplasmic organelles was investigated by immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Our data demonstrate that long-term astrocytes retained frequent Aβ-inclusions that were enclosed within LAMP1-positive organelles and sustained markers associated with reactivity. Furthermore, Aβ-accumulation resulted in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial swelling, increased secretion of the cytokine CCL2/MCP-1 and formation of pathological lipid structures. Taken together, our results provide valuable information of how intracellular Aβ-deposits affect astrocytes, and thereby contribute to the understanding of the role of astrocytes in AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Konstantinidis
- Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Abdulkhalek Dakhel
- Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chiara Beretta
- Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Erlandsson
- Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Molecular Geriatrics, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Bhatt S, Dhar AK, Samanta MK, Suttee A. Effects of Current Psychotropic Drugs on Inflammation and Immune System. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1411:407-434. [PMID: 36949320 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7376-5_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The immune system and inflammation are involved in the pathological progression of various psychiatric disorders such as depression or major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) or anxiety, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Huntington's disease. It is observed that levels of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and other markers are highly increased in the abovementioned disorders. The inflammation and immune component also lead to enhance the oxidative stress. The oxidative stress and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered as important factors that are involved in pathological progression of psychiatric disorders. Increase production of ROS is associated with excessive inflammation followed by cell necrosis and death. The psychotropic drugs are mainly work through modulations of neurotransmitter system. However, it is evident that inflammation and immune modulation are also having important role in the progression of psychiatric disorders. Rationale of the use of current psychotropic drugs is modulation of immune system by them. However, the effects of psychotropic drugs on the immune system and how these might contribute to their efficacy remain largely unclear. The drugs may act through modification of inflammation and related markers. The main purpose of this book chapter is to address the role of current psychotropic drugs on inflammation and immune system. Moreover, it will also address the role of inflammation in the progression of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shvetank Bhatt
- School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, India
| | | | | | - Ashish Suttee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Xiao SY, Liu YJ, Lu W, Sha ZW, Xu C, Yu ZH, Lee SD. Possible Neuropathology of Sleep Disturbance Linking to Alzheimer's Disease: Astrocytic and Microglial Roles. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:875138. [PMID: 35755779 PMCID: PMC9218054 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.875138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances not only deteriorate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progress by affecting cognitive states but also accelerate the neuropathological changes of AD. Astrocytes and microglia are the principal players in the regulation of both sleep and AD. We proposed that possible astrocyte-mediated and microglia-mediated neuropathological changes of sleep disturbances linked to AD, such as astrocytic adenosinergic A1, A2, and A3 regulation; astrocytic dopamine and serotonin; astrocyte-mediated proinflammatory status (TNFα); sleep disturbance-attenuated microglial CX3CR1 and P2Y12; microglial Iba-1 and astrocytic glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); and microglia-mediated proinflammatory status (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα). Furthermore, astrocytic and microglial amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau in AD were reviewed, such as astrocytic Aβ interaction in AD; astrocyte-mediated proinflammation in AD; astrocytic interaction with Aβ in the central nervous system (CNS); astrocytic apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-induced Aβ clearance in AD, as well as microglial Aβ clearance and aggregation in AD; proinflammation-induced microglial Aβ aggregation in AD; microglial-accumulated tau in AD; and microglial ApoE and TREM2 in AD. We reviewed astrocytic and microglial roles in AD and sleep, such as astrocyte/microglial-mediated proinflammation in AD and sleep; astrocytic ApoE in sleep and AD; and accumulated Aβ-triggered synaptic abnormalities in sleep disturbance. This review will provide a possible astrocytic and microglial mechanism of sleep disturbance linked to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yun Xiao
- Department of Mental Diseases, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Jie Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wang Lu
- Department of Traditional Treatment, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Sha
- Department of Mental Diseases, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Che Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Mental Diseases, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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9
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Taylor X, Cisternas P, Jury N, Martinez P, Huang X, You Y, Redding-Ochoa J, Vidal R, Zhang J, Troncoso J, Lasagna-Reeves CA. Activated endothelial cells induce a distinct type of astrocytic reactivity. Commun Biol 2022; 5:282. [PMID: 35351973 PMCID: PMC8964703 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03237-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive astrogliosis is a universal response of astrocytes to abnormal events and injuries. Studies have shown that proinflammatory microglia can polarize astrocytes (designated A1 astrocytes) toward a neurotoxic phenotype characterized by increased Complement Component 3 (C3) expression. It is still unclear if inflammatory stimuli from other cell types may also be capable of inducing a subset of C3+ neurotoxic astrocytes. Here, we show that a subtype of C3+ neurotoxic astrocytes is induced by activated endothelial cells that is distinct from astrocytes activated by microglia. Furthermore, we show that endothelial-induced astrocytes have upregulated expression of A1 astrocytic genes and exhibit a distinctive extracellular matrix remodeling profile. Finally, we demonstrate that endothelial-induced astrocytes are Decorin-positive and are associated with vascular amyloid deposits but not parenchymal amyloid plaques in mouse models and AD/CAA patients. These findings demonstrate the existence of potentially extensive and subtle functional diversity of C3+-reactive astrocytes. Injured endothelial cells are shown to induce an A1 phenotype in astrocytes, characterized by a genetic signature associated with extracellular matrix remodeling factors (e.g. decorin and vascular Aß deposits).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Taylor
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Neuroscience Discovery, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Co, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46225, USA
| | - Pablo Cisternas
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Nur Jury
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Pablo Martinez
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yanwen You
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Javier Redding-Ochoa
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ruben Vidal
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Juan Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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10
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Onaolapo OJ, Olofinnade AT, Ojo FO, Onaolapo AY. Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease; Can Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Come to the Rescue? Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2022; 21:75-89. [PMID: 36043770 DOI: 10.2174/1871523021666220815151559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most prevalent form of age-related dementia, is typified by progressive memory loss and spatial awareness with personality changes. The increasing socioeconomic burden associated with AD has made it a focus of extensive research. Ample scientific evidence supports the role of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in AD pathophysiology, and there is increasing research into the possible role of anti-inflammatory and antioxidative agents as disease modifying therapies. While, the result of numerous preclinical studies has demonstrated the benefits of anti-inflammatory agents, these benefits however have not been replicated in clinical trials, necessitating a further search for more promising anti-inflammatory agents. Current understanding highlights the role of diet in the development of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, as well as the importance of dietary interventions and lifestyle modifications in mitigating them. The current narrative review examines scientific literature for evidence of the roles (if any) of dietary components, nutraceuticals and functional foods in the prevention or management of AD. It also examines how diet/ dietary components could modulate oxidative stress/inflammatory mediators and pathways that are crucial to the pathogenesis and/or progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle J Onaolapo
- Department of Pharmacology, Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neuropharmacology Subdivision, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Anthony T Olofinnade
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Folusho O Ojo
- Department of Anatomy, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Adejoke Y Onaolapo
- Department of Anatomy, Behavioural Neuroscience Unit, Neurobiology Subdivision, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
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11
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Zhao JJ, Wang ZH, Zhang YJ, Wang WJ, Cheng AF, Rong PJ, Shan CL. The mechanisms through which auricular vagus nerve stimulation protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:594-600. [PMID: 34380899 PMCID: PMC8504367 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.320992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation can improve patients' locomotor function. The stimulation of the auricular vagus nerve, which is the only superficial branch of the vagus nerve, may have similar effects to vagus nerve stimulation. However, the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, rat models of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury were established by modified Longa ligation. Twenty-four hours later, 7-day auricular vagus nerve stimulation was performed. The results showed that auricular vagus nerve stimulation promoted the secretion of acetylcholine, inhibited the secretion of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and reduced connexin 43 phosphorylation in the ischemic penumbra and motor cortex, promoting locomotor function recovery in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. These findings suggested that auricular vagus nerve stimulation promotes the recovery of locomotor function in rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by altering the secretion of acetylcholine and inflammatory factors and the phosphorylation of connexin 43. This study was approved by the Animal Use and Management Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine on November 8, 2019 (approval No. PZSHUTCM191108014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jun Zhao
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; School of Rehabilitation Science; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Hui Wang
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai-Fang Cheng
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Jing Rong
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Lei Shan
- Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; School of Rehabilitation Science; Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Wu Q, Cortez L, Kamali-Jamil R, Sim V, Wille H, Kar S. Implications of exosomes derived from cholesterol-accumulated astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease pathology. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:dmm048929. [PMID: 34524402 PMCID: PMC8560497 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides generated from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) play a critical role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Aβ-containing neuronal exosomes, which represent a novel form of intercellular communication, have been shown to influence the function/vulnerability of neurons in AD. Unlike neurons, the significance of exosomes derived from astrocytes remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the significance of exosomes derived from U18666A-induced cholesterol-accumulated astrocytes in the development of AD pathology. Our results show that cholesterol accumulation decreases exosome secretion, whereas lowering cholesterol increases exosome secretion, from cultured astrocytes. Interestingly, exosomes secreted from U18666A-treated astrocytes contain higher levels of APP, APP-C-terminal fragments, soluble APP, APP secretases and Aβ1-40 than exosomes secreted from control astrocytes. Furthermore, we show that exosomes derived from U18666A-treated astrocytes can lead to neurodegeneration, which is attenuated by decreasing Aβ production or by neutralizing exosomal Aβ peptide with an anti-Aβ antibody. These results, taken together, suggest that exosomes derived from cholesterol-accumulated astrocytes can play an important role in trafficking APP/Aβ peptides and influencing neuronal viability in the affected regions of the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Leonardo Cortez
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Razieh Kamali-Jamil
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Valerie Sim
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Holger Wille
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Satyabrata Kar
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G3, Canada
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Huo Q, Shi Y, Qi Y, Huang L, Sui H, Zhao L. Biomimetic silibinin-loaded macrophage-derived exosomes induce dual inhibition of Aβ aggregation and astrocyte activation to alleviate cognitive impairment in a model of Alzheimer's disease. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112365. [PMID: 34579884 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Due to its complex pathogenesis and the difficulty of drugs to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), no effective clinical drugs are currently available that prevent the development of the course of AD. Silibinin (Slb) is known to exert dual therapeutic effects on reducing amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and deactivating astrocytes to improve behaviour and cognitive performance in subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the poor brain targeting ability and low bioavailability limit its wide application. We aimed to encapsulate Slb in macrophage-derived exosomes (Exo-Slb) to improve its brain targeting ability. After entering the brain, exosomal Slb selectively interacted with Aβ monomers to reduce its aggregation. At the same time, Exo-Slb was internalized in astrocytes to inhibit their activation and alleviate astrocyte inflammation-mediated neuronal damage. Finally, Exo-Slb potently ameliorated cognitive deficits in AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Huo
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yijie Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Yao Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China
| | - Haijuan Sui
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
| | - Liang Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, PR China.
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Wang J, Liu B, Xu Y, Luan H, Wang C, Yang M, Zhao R, Song M, Liu J, Sun L, You J, Wang W, Sun F, Yan H. Thioperamide attenuates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease via inhibiting gliosis. Exp Neurol 2021; 347:113870. [PMID: 34563511 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, which characterized by deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, neuronal loss, and accompanied by neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammatory processes are well acknowledged to contribute to the progression of AD pathology. Histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is a presynaptic autoreceptor regulating histamine release via negative feedback way. Recently, studies show that H3R are highly expressed not only in neurons but also in microglia and astrocytes. H3R antagonist has been reported to have anti-inflammatory efficacy. However, whether inhibition of H3R is responsible for the anti-neuroinflammation in glial cells and neuroprotection on APPswe, PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1 Tg) mice remain unclear. In this study, we found that inhibition of H3R by thioperamide reduced the gliosis and induced a phenotypical switch from A1 to A2 in astrocytes, and ultimately attenuated neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 Tg mice. Additionally, thioperamide rescued the decrease of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation and suppressed the phosphorylated P65 nuclear factor kappa B (p-P65 NF-κB) in APP/PS1 Tg mice. H89, an inhibitor of CREB signaling, abolished these effects of thioperamide to suppress gliosis and proinflammatory cytokine release. Lastly, thioperamide alleviated the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) and cognitive dysfunction in APP/PS1 mice, which were both reversed by administration of H89. Taken together, these results suggested the H3R antagonist thioperamide improved cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 Tg mice via modulation of the CREB-mediated gliosis and inflammation inhibiting, which contributed to Aβ clearance. This study uncovered a novel mechanism involving inflammatory regulating behind the therapeutic effect of thioperamide in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Haiyun Luan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Chaoyun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Meizi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Runming Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Mengmeng Song
- Department of Thyroid Breast Surgery, Dongying People's Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Linshan Sun
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jingjing You
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Haijing Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China; Institute for Metabolic and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China.
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Behl T, Kaur D, Sehgal A, Singh S, Sharma N, Zengin G, Andronie-Cioara FL, Toma MM, Bungau S, Bumbu AG. Role of Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Alzheimer's Disease: An Insight into the Therapeutic Potential of Inhibitors. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123724. [PMID: 34207264 PMCID: PMC8234097 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite not being utilized as considerably as other antidepressants in the therapy of depression, the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) proceed to hold a place in neurodegeneration and to have a somewhat broad spectrum in respect of the treatment of neurological and psychiatric conditions. Preclinical and clinical studies on MAOIs have been developing in recent times, especially on account of rousing discoveries manifesting that these drugs possess neuroprotective activities. The altered brain levels of monoamine neurotransmitters due to monoamine oxidase (MAO) are directly associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activated MAO induces the amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition via abnormal cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Additionally, activated MAO contributes to the generation of neurofibrillary tangles and cognitive impairment due to neuronal loss. No matter the attention of researchers on the participation of MAOIs in neuroprotection has been on monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, there is a developing frame of proof indicating that monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitors may also play a role in neuroprotection. The therapeutic potential of MAOIs alongside the complete understanding of the enzyme’s physiology may lead to the future advancement of these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (D.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Dapinder Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (D.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (D.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (D.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; (D.K.); (A.S.); (S.S.); (N.S.)
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, 42130 Konya, Turkey;
| | - Felicia Liana Andronie-Cioara
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Mirela Marioara Toma
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania;
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Adrian Gheorghe Bumbu
- Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
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Rahman MS, Uddin MS, Rahman MA, Samsuzzaman M, Behl T, Hafeez A, Perveen A, Barreto GE, Ashraf GM. Exploring the Role of Monoamine Oxidase Activity in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:4017-4029. [PMID: 34126892 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210612051713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are a family of flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent enzymes that exert a crucial role in the metabolism of neurotransmitters of the central nervous system. The impaired function of MAOs is associated with copious brain diseases. The alteration of monoamine metabolism is a characteristics feature of aging. MAO plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) - a progressive neurodegenerative disorder associated with an excessive accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Activated MAO has played a critical role in the development of amyloid plaques from Aβ, as well as the formation of the NFTs. In the brain, MAO mediated metabolism of monoamines is the foremost source of reactive oxygen species formation. The elevated level of MAO-B expression in astroglia has been reported in the AD brains adjacent to amyloid plaques. Increased MAO-B activity in the cortical and hippocampal regions is associated with AD. This review describes the pathogenic mechanism of MAOs in aging as well as the development and propagation of Alzheimer's pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sohanur Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Trust University, Ruiya, Nobogram Road, Barishal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul. Korea
| | - Md Samsuzzaman
- Department of Food and Life Science, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513. Korea
| | - Tapan Behl
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick. Ireland
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah. Saudi Arabia
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Wiȩckowska-Gacek A, Mietelska-Porowska A, Chutorański D, Wydrych M, Długosz J, Wojda U. Western Diet Induces Impairment of Liver-Brain Axis Accelerating Neuroinflammation and Amyloid Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:654509. [PMID: 33867971 PMCID: PMC8046915 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.654509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an aging-dependent, irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. The prevailing AD hypothesis points to the central role of altered cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and formation of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits in the brain. The lack of efficient AD treatments stems from incomplete knowledge on AD causes and environmental risk factors. The role of lifestyle factors, including diet, in neurological diseases is now beginning to attract considerable attention. One of them is western diet (WD), which can lead to many serious diseases that develop with age. The aim of the study was to investigate whether WD-derived systemic disturbances may accelerate the brain neuroinflammation and amyloidogenesis at the early stages of AD development. To verify this hypothesis, transgenic mice expressing human APP with AD-causing mutations (APPswe) were fed with WD from the 3rd month of age. These mice were compared to APPswe mice, in which short-term high-grade inflammation was induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to untreated APPswe mice. All experimental subgroups of animals were subsequently analyzed at 4-, 8-, and 12-months of age. APPswe mice at 4- and 8-months-old represent earlier pre-plaque stages of AD, while 12-month-old animals represent later stages of AD, with visible amyloid pathology. Already short time of WD feeding induced in 4-month-old animals such brain neuroinflammation events as enhanced astrogliosis, to a level comparable to that induced by the administration of pro-inflammatory LPS, and microglia activation in 8-month-old mice. Also, WD feeding accelerated increased Aβ production, observed already in 8-month-old animals. These brain changes corresponded to diet-induced metabolic disorders, including increased cholesterol level in 4-months of age, and advanced hypercholesterolemia and fatty liver disease in 8-month-old mice. These results indicate that the westernized pattern of nourishment is an important modifiable risk factor of AD development, and that a healthy, balanced, diet may be one of the most efficient AD prevention methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Wiȩckowska-Gacek
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Mietelska-Porowska
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominik Chutorański
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wydrych
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Długosz
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Neurobiology Center, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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Wang J, Tang W, Yang M, Yin Y, Li H, Hu F, Tang L, Ma X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. Inflammatory tumor microenvironment responsive neutrophil exosomes-based drug delivery system for targeted glioma therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 273:120784. [PMID: 33848731 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Clinical treatment of malignant glioma remains a major challenge due to high infiltrative growth and chemotherapeutic resistance of tumors and the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Advanced nanoplatforms that can efficiently cross the BBB and target to brain tumor are urgently needed. Encouraged by the intrinsic inflammatory chemotaxis and excellent BBB-crossing capability of neutrophils, a bioinspired neutrophil-exosomes (NEs-Exos) system for delivering loaded doxorubicin (DOX) drug for glioma treatment is proposed and systematically investigated. In vivo zebrafish and C6-Luc glioma-bearing mice models show that NEs-Exos carrying the drug rapidly penetrate the BBB and migrate into the brain. Additionally, a transwell BBB model and mouse brain inflammatory study show that NEs-Exos can respond chemotactically to inflammatory stimuli and target infiltrating tumor cells in inflamed brain tumors. Moreover, intravenous injection of NEs-Exos/DOX efficiently suppress tumor growth and prolong survival time in a glioma mouse model. On the basis of these results, NEs-Exos are confirmed to have neutrophil-like chemotactic function and BBB penetration. This novel NEs-Exos/DOX delivery platform represents a promising chemotherapeutic approach for clinical treatment of glioma and other solid tumor or brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Key Laboratory of Human-Machine-Intelligence Synergic Systems, Research Center for Neural Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
| | - Meng Yang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ying Yin
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Hui Li
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Fangfang Hu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Lin Tang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Xiaoyue Ma
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
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In vitro comparison of major memory-support dietary supplements for their effectiveness in reduction/inhibition of beta-amyloid protein fibrils and tau protein tangles: key primary targets for memory loss. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3001. [PMID: 33589649 PMCID: PMC7884837 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79275-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Memory loss is primarily caused by the accumulation of both brain plaques [(consisting of beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) 1–42)] and neurofibrillary tangles (consisting of paired helical and straight filaments containing tau protein). Neuroinflammation is the third key and important factor that leads to accelerated memory loss and eventual dementia. Brain plaques, tangles and inflammation is the trilogy mainly responsible for causing memory loss that has now been documented for over 20 years in the scientific literature. The present investigation used in vitro quantitative methods to directly compare the ability of major memory-support dietary supplements to reduce pre-formed Aβ 1–42 fibrils (21 supplements tested) and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments (13 supplements tested)—two of the three most important targets for memory loss. Additionally, 18 different manufacturers of cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa) were directly compared for their ability to inhibit/reduce Aβ 1–42 fibrils and/or tau paired helical/straight filaments based on recent findings that PTI-00703 cat’s claw is a specific and potent inhibitor/reducer of all three targets -brain plaques, tangles and inflammation (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). In the present investigation quantitative Thioflavin T fluorometry was used on a comparative weight-to-weight basis at increasing concentrations with ingredients tested from the actual capsules the consumer ingests. Major memory-support dietary supplements were directly compared for their ability to inhibit and disaggregate/reduce both Aβ 1–42 fibrils and/or tau paired helical/straight filaments. Dietary supplements touted to enhance memory comparatively tested included Prevagen, FOCUSfactor, PROCERA AVH, Alpha Brain, NAD+OVIM, BRAIN JUICE, Cebria, EXCELEROL, NOOCUBE, US Doctor’s Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED, healthycell pro, LUMONOL, Brain Awake, BRAIN ARMOR, brainMD (BRAIN & MEMORY POWER BOOST), Brain Support, Clarity (BRAIN HEALTH FORMULA), brainMD (NEUROVITE PLUS), neuriva (Original and Plus) and percepta. This is the first paper to actually comparatively test these memory-support supplements for their ability to reduce Aβ fibrils and tau protein tangles. Percepta (PTI-00703 cat’s claw and a specific oolong tea extract) was determined to be the most effective and potent memory support dietary supplement to disaggregate/disrupt Aβ 1–42 fibrils (range of 25–89%) and tau paired helical/straight filaments (range of 26–86%) at all 3–4 doses tested in comparison to other major memory-support dietary supplements tested. This was at least more than double (> 50%) for percepta reducing Aβ 1–42 fibrils and in comparison to the other 20 memory-support dietary supplements tested. The ranking order for memory-support supplement effects based on reducing Aβ 1–42 fibrils (Aβ 1–42: memory-support supplement at 1:0.1 weight-to-weight in a 3-day study) was percepta (69.6% reduction) >>> Alpha Brain (34.9% reduction) = US Doctor’s Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED (32.4%) = BRAIN JUICE (30.1%) = neuriva Plus (27%) = neuriva Original (27%) > NEUROVITE PLUS (22.9%) = NOOCUBE (19.9%) = EXCELEROL (17.3%) = healthycell pro (17.2%) > Prevagen (12.9%) > PROCERA AVH (6.5%) = FOCUSfactor (5.5%) > Cebria (0%) = Brain Awake (0%) = Brain Support (0%) = brainMD (BRAIN & MEMORY POWER BOOST) (0%) = NAD+OVIM (0%) = BRAIN ARMOR (0%) = LUMONOL (0%). The ranking order for memory support supplement effects on reducing tau paired helical/straight filaments (tau:memory supplement at 1:1 weight-to-weight at 3 days) was percepta (85.7% reduction) >>> neuriva Plus (57.9%) >> BRAIN JUICE (41.9%) = EXCELEROL (41.0%) = neuriva Original (38.4%) = US Doctor’s Clinical Brain Power ADVANCED (38.3%) = healthycell pro (37.6%) >> Alpha Brain (27.9%) >> NOOCUBE (17.6%) >> FOCUSfactor (8.7%) > Cebria (3.6%) = PROCERA AVH (0%) = Prevagen (0%). Congo red staining, Thioflavin S fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and electron microscopy confirmed the positive results observed with the supplement percepta. CD spectroscopy demonstrated that percepta caused a marked inhibition of beta-sheet secondary folding of tau protein into paired helical filaments. PTI-00703 cat’s claw (main ingredient in percepta) was also identified as the most potent cat’s claw bark powder (Uncaria tomentosa) to reduce and inhibit Aβ 1–42 fibrils and tau tangles in comparison to 17 other manufacturers of cat’s claw extracts. Although there are thousands of brain memory-support dietary supplements in the marketplace today, none of them have been directly compared and analyzed for their ability to reduce and/or inhibit two major targets of memory loss i.e. Aβ 1–42 fibrils and tau paired helical/straight filaments (major constituents of brain plaques and tangles). In our comparison studies, we show that percepta has the most potent ability to disaggregate/reduce Aβ 1–42 fibrils and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments as demonstrated by a variety of methods most likely due to the specific polyphenol content in PTI-00703 cat’s claw (i.e. polyphenols and proanthocyanidins) as we have previously shown (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). Memory-support dietary supplements tested that also contained polyphenols and/or cat’s claw in their product demonstrated some Aβ fibril and tau protein tangle reducing activity, but were much less effective than percepta. Percepta’s main ingredient, PTI-00703 cat’s claw, has previously been shown to reduce brain amyloid plaques and Aβ 1–42/40 insoluble/soluble levels in brain (in plaque-producing transgenic mice) with marked concurrent memory improvements (shown by Morris water maze testing) (Snow et al. in Sci Rep 9:561, 2019). The present investigation further confirms that percepta is one of the best dietary supplements that causes a marked reduction and inhibition of Aβ fibrils and tau tangle filaments -two important major targets for memory-support. In addition, PTI-00703 cat’s claw was the most effective cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa) ingredient for reducing /disaggregating and inhibiting Aβ 1–42 fibrils and tau protein paired helical/straight filaments in comparison to 17 other manufacturers of cat’s claw extracts tested.
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Wang Y, Xu B, Zhou J, Wang J, Wang G, Cao Y. An Aβ3-10-KLH vaccine decreases Aβ plaques and astrocytes and microglia activation in the brain of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2021. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2021-020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis and Alzheimer's Disease: Neuroinflammation Is to Blame? Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010037. [PMID: 33374235 PMCID: PMC7824474 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
For years, it has been reported that Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. Various external and internal factors may contribute to the early onset of AD. This review highlights a contribution of the disturbances in the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis to the development of AD. Alteration in the gut microbiota composition is determined by increase in the permeability of the gut barrier and immune cell activation, leading to impairment in the blood–brain barrier function that promotes neuroinflammation, neuronal loss, neural injury, and ultimately AD. Numerous studies have shown that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in brain function and changes in the behavior of individuals and the formation of bacterial amyloids. Lipopolysaccharides and bacterial amyloids synthesized by the gut microbiota can trigger the immune cells residing in the brain and can activate the immune response leading to neuroinflammation. Growing experimental and clinical data indicate the prominent role of gut dysbiosis and microbiota–host interactions in AD. Modulation of the gut microbiota with antibiotics or probiotic supplementation may create new preventive and therapeutic options in AD. Accumulating evidences affirm that research on MGB involvement in AD is necessary for new treatment targets and therapies for AD.
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22
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Cho EJ, Kim HY, Lee AY. Paeoniflorin ameliorates Aβ-stimulated neuroinflammation via regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway and Aβ degradation in C6 glial cells. Nutr Res Pract 2020; 14:593-605. [PMID: 33282122 PMCID: PMC7683209 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.6.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Alzheimer's disease is common age-related neurodegenerative condition characterized by amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation that leads cognitive impairment. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of paeoniflorin (PF) against Aβ-induced neuroinflammation and the underlying mechanism in C6 glial cells. MATERIALS/METHODS C6 glial cells were treated with PF and Aβ25–35, and cell viability, nitric oxide (NO) production, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release were measured. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the effect of PF on inflammatory responses and Aβ degradation was determined by Western blot. RESULTS Aβ25–35 significantly reduced cell viability, but this reduction was prevented by the pretreatment with PF. In addition, PF significantly inhibited Aβ25–35-induced NO production in C6 glial cells. The secretion of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha was also significantly reduced by PF. Further mechanistic studies indicated that PF suppressed the production of these pro-inflammatory cytokines by regulating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. The protein levels of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 were downregulated and phosphorylation of NF-κB was blocked by PF. However, PF elevated the protein expression of inhibitor kappa B-alpha and those of Aβ degrading enzymes, insulin degrading enzyme and neprilysin. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that PF exerts protective effects against Aβ-mediated neuroinflammation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling, and these effects were associated with the enhanced activity of Aβ degradation enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition & Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea
| | - Ah Young Lee
- Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju 52725, Korea
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23
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Raymont V, Thayanandan T. What do we know about the risks of developing dementia after traumatic brain injury? Minerva Med 2020; 112:288-297. [PMID: 33164474 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.20.07084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a risk factor for the later development of dementia, but although the evidence dates back to the early 20th century, the nature of any association and its mechanistic pathways remain unclear. There has been greater focus on this subject over recent years, in part because of increasing reports around sports related TBIs, especially in the USA. Differences in research methods and clinical sampling remain the primary reason for the variable findings, although there is clearly increased prevalence of neurodegenerative disorders in general. Duration of follow up, definition of both TBI and dementia, and differences in the extent to which other dementia risk factors are controlled, as well as concerns about medical record accuracy are all issues yet to be resolved in TBI research, as is an absence pathological evidence. In addition, TBI has been reported to initiate a cascade of pathological processes related to several neurodegenerative disorders, and as such, it is likely that the risks vary between individuals. Given the evidence that dementia risk may increase with injury severity and frequency, a detailed account of age and type of injury, as well as lifetime TBI exposure is essential to document in future studies, and further longitudinal research with biomarker assessments are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Raymont
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK -
| | - Tony Thayanandan
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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24
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Berlanga-Acosta J, Guillén-Nieto G, Rodríguez-Rodríguez N, Bringas-Vega ML, García-del-Barco-Herrera D, Berlanga-Saez JO, García-Ojalvo A, Valdés-Sosa MJ, Valdés-Sosa PA. Insulin Resistance at the Crossroad of Alzheimer Disease Pathology: A Review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:560375. [PMID: 33224105 PMCID: PMC7674493 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.560375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin plays a major neuroprotective and trophic function for cerebral cell population, thus countering apoptosis, beta-amyloid toxicity, and oxidative stress; favoring neuronal survival; and enhancing memory and learning processes. Insulin resistance and impaired cerebral glucose metabolism are invariantly reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative processes. AD is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder in which progressive glucose hypometabolism parallels to cognitive impairment. Although AD may appear and progress in virtue of multifactorial nosogenic ingredients, multiple interperpetuative and interconnected vicious circles appear to drive disease pathophysiology. The disease is primarily a metabolic/energetic disorder in which amyloid accumulation may appear as a by-product of more proximal events, especially in the late-onset form. As a bridge between AD and type 2 diabetes, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway with the ensued serine phosphorylation of the insulin response substrate (IRS)-1/2 may be at the crossroads of insulin resistance and its subsequent dysmetabolic consequences. Central insulin axis bankruptcy translates in neuronal vulnerability and demise. As a link in the chain of pathogenic vicious circles, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and peripheral/central immune-inflammation are increasingly advocated as major pathology drivers. Pharmacological interventions addressed to preserve insulin axis physiology, mitochondrial biogenesis-integral functionality, and mitophagy of diseased organelles may attenuate the adjacent spillover of free radicals that further perpetuate mitochondrial damages and catalyze inflammation. Central and/or peripheral inflammation may account for a local flood of proinflammatory cytokines that along with astrogliosis amplify insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. All these elements are endogenous stressor, pro-senescent factors that contribute to JNK activation. Taken together, these evidences incite to identify novel multi-mechanistic approaches to succeed in ameliorating this pandemic affliction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Berlanga-Acosta
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Tissue Repair and Cytoprotection Research Group, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Gerardo Guillén-Nieto
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Tissue Repair and Cytoprotection Research Group, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Nadia Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Tissue Repair and Cytoprotection Research Group, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Maria Luisa Bringas-Vega
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neurosciences Center, Cubanacan, Havana, Cuba
| | | | - Jorge O. Berlanga-Saez
- Applied Mathematics Department, Institute of Mathematics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ariana García-Ojalvo
- Tissue Repair and Cytoprotection Research Group, Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Havana, Cuba
| | - Mitchell Joseph Valdés-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neurosciences Center, Cubanacan, Havana, Cuba
| | - Pedro A. Valdés-Sosa
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Cuban Neurosciences Center, Cubanacan, Havana, Cuba
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25
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Stephen R, Solomon A, Ngandu T, Levälahti E, Rinne JO, Kemppainen N, Parkkola R, Antikainen R, Strandberg T, Kivipelto M, Soininen H, Liu Y. White Matter Changes on Diffusion Tensor Imaging in the FINGER Randomized Controlled Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 78:75-86. [PMID: 32925045 PMCID: PMC7683078 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background: Early pathological changes in white matter microstructure can be studied using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). It is not only important to study these subtle pathological changes leading to cognitive decline, but also to ascertain how an intervention would impact the white matter microstructure and cognition in persons at-risk of dementia. Objectives: To study the impact of a multidomain lifestyle intervention on white matter and cognitive changes during the 2-year Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER), a randomized controlled trial in at-risk older individuals (age 60–77 years) from the general population. Methods: This exploratory study consisted of a subsample of 60 FINGER participants. Participants were randomized to either a multidomain intervention (diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk management, n = 34) or control group (general health advice, n = 26). All underwent baseline and 2-year brain DTI. Changes in fractional anisotropy (FA), diffusivity along domain (F1) and non-domain (F2) diffusion orientations, mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AxD), radial diffusivity (RD), and their correlations with cognitive changes during the 2-year multidomain intervention were analyzed. Results: FA decreased, and cognition improved more in the intervention group compared to the control group (p < 0.05), with no significant intergroup differences for changes in F1, F2, MD, AxD, or RD. The cognitive changes were significantly positively related to FA change, and negatively related to RD change in the control group, but not in the intervention group. Conclusion: The 2-year multidomain FINGER intervention may modulate white matter microstructural alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Stephen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alina Solomon
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tiia Ngandu
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Levälahti
- Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Juha O Rinne
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Nina Kemppainen
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Parkkola
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Antikainen
- Center for Life Course Health Research/Geriatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and Oulu City Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Timo Strandberg
- Center for Life Course Health Research/Geriatrics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Medicine, Geriatric Clinic, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miia Kivipelto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, NVS, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Ageing Epidemiology (AGE) Research Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurocenter, Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Yawu Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Clinical Radiology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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26
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Beckmann ND, Lin WJ, Wang M, Cohain AT, Charney AW, Wang P, Ma W, Wang YC, Jiang C, Audrain M, Comella PH, Fakira AK, Hariharan SP, Belbin GM, Girdhar K, Levey AI, Seyfried NT, Dammer EB, Duong D, Lah JJ, Haure-Mirande JV, Shackleton B, Fanutza T, Blitzer R, Kenny E, Zhu J, Haroutunian V, Katsel P, Gandy S, Tu Z, Ehrlich ME, Zhang B, Salton SR, Schadt EE. Multiscale causal networks identify VGF as a key regulator of Alzheimer's disease. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3942. [PMID: 32770063 PMCID: PMC7414858 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17405-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Though discovered over 100 years ago, the molecular foundation of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. To better characterize the complex nature of AD, we constructed multiscale causal networks on a large human AD multi-omics dataset, integrating clinical features of AD, DNA variation, and gene- and protein-expression. These probabilistic causal models enabled detection, prioritization and replication of high-confidence master regulators of AD-associated networks, including the top predicted regulator, VGF. Overexpression of neuropeptide precursor VGF in 5xFAD mice partially rescued beta-amyloid-mediated memory impairment and neuropathology. Molecular validation of network predictions downstream of VGF was also achieved in this AD model, with significant enrichment for homologous genes identified as differentially expressed in 5xFAD brains overexpressing VGF. Our findings support a causal role for VGF in protecting against AD pathogenesis and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam D Beckmann
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wei-Jye Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510120, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Minghui Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ariella T Cohain
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander W Charney
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Weiping Ma
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ying-Chih Wang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mickael Audrain
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Phillip H Comella
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amanda K Fakira
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Siddharth P Hariharan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Gillian M Belbin
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kiran Girdhar
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric B Dammer
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Duc Duong
- Department of Neurology and Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jean-Vianney Haure-Mirande
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ben Shackleton
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Tomas Fanutza
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Robert Blitzer
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Eimear Kenny
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Charles Bronfman Institute of Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Sam Gandy
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, JJ Peters VA Medical Center, 130 West Kingsbridge Road, Bronx, NY, 10468, USA
| | - Zhidong Tu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Michelle E Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Stephen R Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Eric E Schadt
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Sema4, Stamford, CT, 06902, USA.
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27
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Liang Z, Wang X, Hao Y, Qiu L, Lou Y, Zhang Y, Ma D, Feng J. The Multifaceted Role of Astrocyte Connexin 43 in Ischemic Stroke Through Forming Hemichannels and Gap Junctions. Front Neurol 2020; 11:703. [PMID: 32849190 PMCID: PMC7411525 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a multi-factorial cerebrovascular disease with high worldwide morbidity and mortality. In the past few years, multiple studies have revealed the underlying mechanism of ischemia/reperfusion injury, including calcium overload, amino acid toxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Connexin 43 (Cx43), the predominant connexin protein in astrocytes, has been recently proven to display non-substitutable roles in the pathology of ischemic stroke development and progression through forming gap junctions and hemichannels. Under normal conditions, astrocytic Cx43 could be found in hemichannels or in the coupling with other hemichannels on astrocytes, neurons, or oligodendrocytes to form the neuro-glial syncytium, which is involved in metabolites exchange between communicated cells, thus maintaining the homeostasis of the CNS environment. In ischemic stroke, the phosphorylation of Cx43 might cause the degradation of gap junctions and the opening of hemichannels, contributing to the release of inflammatory mediators. However, the remaining gap junctions could facilitate the exchange of protective and harmful metabolites between healthy and injured cells, protecting the injured cells to some extent or damaging the healthy cells depending on the balance of the exchange of protective and harmful metabolites. In this study, we review the changes in astrocytic Cx43 expression and distribution as well as the influence of these changes on the function of astrocytes and other cells in the CNS, providing new insight into the pathology of ischemic stroke injury; we also discuss the potential of astrocytic Cx43 as a target for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yulei Hao
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingyue Lou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaoting Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachun Feng
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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28
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Taylor X, Cisternas P, You Y, You Y, Xiang S, Marambio Y, Zhang J, Vidal R, Lasagna-Reeves CA. A1 reactive astrocytes and a loss of TREM2 are associated with an early stage of pathology in a mouse model of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:223. [PMID: 32711525 PMCID: PMC7382050 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01900-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is typified by the cerebrovascular deposition of amyloid. The mechanisms underlying the contribution of CAA to neurodegeneration are not currently understood. Although CAA is highly associated with the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ), other amyloids are known to associate with the vasculature. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by parenchymal Aβ deposition, intracellular accumulation of tau, and significant neuroinflammation. CAA increases with age and is present in 85–95% of individuals with AD. A substantial amount of research has focused on understanding the connection between parenchymal amyloid and glial activation and neuroinflammation, while associations between vascular amyloid pathology and glial reactivity remain understudied. Methods Here, we dissect the glial and immune responses associated with early-stage CAA with histological, biochemical, and gene expression analyses in a mouse model of familial Danish dementia (FDD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the vascular accumulation of Danish amyloid (ADan). Findings observed in this CAA mouse model were complemented with primary culture assays. Results We demonstrate that early-stage CAA is associated with dysregulation in immune response networks and lipid processing, severe astrogliosis with an A1 astrocytic phenotype, and decreased levels of TREM2 with no reactive microgliosis. Our results also indicate how cholesterol accumulation and ApoE are associated with vascular amyloid deposits at the early stages of pathology. We also demonstrate A1 astrocytic mediation of TREM2 and microglia homeostasis. Conclusion The initial glial response associated with early-stage CAA is characterized by the upregulation of A1 astrocytes without significant microglial reactivity. Gene expression analysis revealed that several AD risk factors involved in immune response and lipid processing may also play a preponderant role in CAA. This study contributes to the increasing evidence that brain cholesterol metabolism, ApoE, and TREM2 signaling are major players in the pathogenesis of AD-related dementias, including CAA. Understanding the basis for possible differential effects of glial response, ApoE, and TREM2 signaling on parenchymal plaques versus vascular amyloid deposits provides important insight for developing future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Taylor
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Pablo Cisternas
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yanwen You
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yingjian You
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Shunian Xiang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yamil Marambio
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Ruben Vidal
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Cristian A Lasagna-Reeves
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Neurosciences Research Building 214G, 320 West 15th Street, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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29
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Uddin MS, Kabir MT, Mamun AA, Barreto GE, Rashid M, Perveen A, Ashraf GM. Pharmacological approaches to mitigate neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106479. [PMID: 32353686 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the formation of extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). Growing evidence suggested that there is an association between neuronal dysfunction and neuroinflammation (NI) in AD, coordinated by the chronic activation of astrocytes and microglial cells along with the subsequent excessive generation of the proinflammatory molecule. Therefore, a better understanding of the relationship between the nervous and immune systems is important in order to delay or avert the neurodegenerative events of AD. The inflammatory/immune pathways and the mechanisms to control these pathways may provide a novel arena to develop new drugs in order to target NI in AD. In this review, we represent the influence of cellular mediators which are involved in the NI process, with regards to the progression of AD. We also discuss the processes and the current status of multiple anti-inflammatory agents which are used in AD and have gone through or going through clinical trials. Moreover, new prospects for targeting NI in the development of AD drugs have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | | | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Pharmakon Neuroscience Research Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Asma Perveen
- School of Life Sciences, The Glocal University, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh 247121, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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30
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Ferguson SA, Varma V, Sloper D, Panos JJ, Sarkar S. Increased inflammation in BA21 brain tissue from African Americans with Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:121-133. [PMID: 31823110 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic neuroinflammation is strongly associated with AD and altered peripheral and central levels of chemokines and cytokines have been frequently described in those with AD. Given the increasing evidence of ethnicity-related differences in AD, it was of interest to determine if those altered chemokine and cytokine levels are ethnicity-related. Because African Americans exhibit a higher incidence of AD and increased symptom severity, we explored chemokine and cytokine concentrations in post-mortem brain tissue from the BA21 region of African Americans and Caucasians with AD using multiplex assays. IL-1β, MIG, TRAIL, and FADD levels were significantly increased in African Americans while levels of IL-3 and IL-8 were significantly decreased. Those effects did not interact with gender; however, overall levels of CCL25, CCL26 and CX3CL1 were significantly decreased in women. The NLRP3 inflammasome is thought to be critically involved in AD. Increased activation of this inflammasome in African Americans is consistent with the current results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry A Ferguson
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA.
| | - Vijayalakshmi Varma
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Daniel Sloper
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - John J Panos
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
| | - Sumit Sarkar
- Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research/Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA
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31
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Katsouri L, Birch AM, Renziehausen AWJ, Zach C, Aman Y, Steeds H, Bonsu A, Palmer EOC, Mirzaei N, Ries M, Sastre M. Ablation of reactive astrocytes exacerbates disease pathology in a model of Alzheimer's disease. Glia 2019; 68:1017-1030. [PMID: 31799735 PMCID: PMC7383629 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of astrocytes in the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains poorly understood. We assessed the consequences of ablating astrocytic proliferation in 9 months old double transgenic APP23/GFAP-TK mice. Treatment of these mice with the antiviral agent ganciclovir conditionally ablates proliferating reactive astrocytes. The loss of proliferating astrocytes resulted in significantly increased levels of monomeric amyloid-β (Aβ) in brain homogenates, associated with reduced enzymatic degradation and clearance mechanisms. In addition, our data revealed exacerbated memory deficits in mice lacking proliferating astrocytes concomitant with decreased levels of synaptic markers and higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our data suggest that loss of reactive astrocytes in AD aggravates amyloid pathology and memory loss, possibly via disruption of amyloid clearance and enhanced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loukia Katsouri
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Amy M Birch
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Carolin Zach
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yahyah Aman
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Hannah Steeds
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Angela Bonsu
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Emily O C Palmer
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Nazanin Mirzaei
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Miriam Ries
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Magdalena Sastre
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
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32
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Megalencephalic Leukoencephalopathy with Subcortical Cysts Protein-1 (MLC1) Counteracts Astrocyte Activation in Response to Inflammatory Signals. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8237-8254. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01657-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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33
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Guo H, Cao H, Cui X, Zheng W, Wang S, Yu J, Chen Z. Silymarin's Inhibition and Treatment Effects for Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2019; 24:E1748. [PMID: 31064071 PMCID: PMC6539875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As a longstanding problem, Alzheimer's disease (AD) has stymied researchers in the medical field with its increasing incidence and enormous treatment difficulty. Silymarin has always been valued by researchers for its good efficacy and safety in treating liver disease. Recent studies have shown that silymarin also has good pharmacological activity in the nervous system, especially for the treatment of AD. Silymarin can control the production of Aβ by inhibiting the precursor substance of Aβ (β-amyloid precursor protein), and it can inhibit the polymerization of Aβ. Silymarin can also increase the acetylcholine content in the nervous system by inhibiting cholinesterase activity. At the same time, it also has the effect of resisting oxidative stress and the inflammatory response of the nervous system. These pharmacological activities contribute to the inhibition of the onset of AD. The good efficacy of silymarin on AD and its high safety and availability give it huge potential for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Hui Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Xiaowei Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Wenxiu Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Jiyang Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhi Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
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34
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Munger EL, Edler MK, Hopkins WD, Ely JJ, Erwin JM, Perl DP, Mufson EJ, Hof PR, Sherwood CC, Raghanti MA. Astrocytic changes with aging and Alzheimer's disease-type pathology in chimpanzees. J Comp Neurol 2019; 527:1179-1195. [PMID: 30578640 PMCID: PMC6401278 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes are the main homeostatic cell of the central nervous system. In addition, astrocytes mediate an inflammatory response when reactive to injury or disease known as astrogliosis. Astrogliosis is marked by an increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and cellular hypertrophy. Some degree of astrogliosis is associated with normal aging and degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementing illnesses in humans. The recent observation of pathological markers of AD (amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles) in aged chimpanzee brains provided an opportunity to examine the relationships among aging, AD-type pathology, and astrocyte activation in our closest living relatives. Stereologic methods were used to quantify GFAP-immunoreactive astrocyte density and soma volume in layers I, III, and V of the prefrontal and middle temporal cortex, as well as in hippocampal fields CA1 and CA3. We found that the patterns of astrocyte activation in the aged chimpanzee brain are distinct from humans. GFAP expression does not increase with age in chimpanzees, possibly indicative of lower oxidative stress loads. Similar to humans, chimpanzee layer I astrocytes in the prefrontal cortex are susceptible to AD-like changes. Both prefrontal cortex layer I and hippocampal astrocytes exhibit a high degree of astrogliosis that is positively correlated with accumulation of amyloid beta and tau proteins. However, unlike humans, chimpanzees do not display astrogliosis in other cortical layers. These results demonstrate a unique pattern of cortical aging in chimpanzees and suggest that inflammatory processes may differ between humans and chimpanzees in response to pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L. Munger
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
| | - Melissa K. Edler
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, Ohio
| | - William D. Hopkins
- Division of Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | - Joseph M. Erwin
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Daniel P. Perl
- Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elliott J. Mufson
- Departments of Neurobiology and Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Patrick R. Hof
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, New York
| | - Chet C. Sherwood
- Department of Anthropology and Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Mary Ann Raghanti
- Department of Anthropology and School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio
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35
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Kaur D, Sharma V, Deshmukh R. Activation of microglia and astrocytes: a roadway to neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:663-677. [PMID: 30874945 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that is of high importance to the neuroscience world, yet the complex pathogenicity is not fully understood. Inflammation is usually observed in AD and could implicate both beneficial or detrimental effects depending on the severity of the disease. During initial AD pathology, microglia and astrocyte activation is beneficial since they are involved in amyloid-beta clearance. However, with the progression of the disease, activated microglia elicit detrimental effects by the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) bringing forth neurodegeneration in the surrounding brain regions. This results in decline in Aβ clearance by microglia; Aβ accumulation thus increases in the brain resulting in neuroinflammation. Thus, Aβ accumulation is the effect of increased release of pro-inflammatory molecules. Reactive astrocytes acquire gain of toxic function and exhibits neurotoxic effects with loss of neurotrophic functions. Astrocyte dysfunctioning results in increased release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, neurodegeneration, decreased glutamate uptake, loss of neuronal synapses, and ultimately cognitive deficits in AD. We discuss the role of intracellular signaling pathways in the inflammatory responses produced by astrocytes and microglial activation, including the glycogen synthase kinase-3β, nuclear factor kappa B cascade, mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. In this review, we describe the role of neuroinflammation in the chronicity of AD pathogenesis and an overview of the recent research towards the development of new therapies to treat this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Government College of Pharmacy, Rohru, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171207, India
| | - Rahul Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India.
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36
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Eid A, Mhatre I, Richardson JR. Gene-environment interactions in Alzheimer's disease: A potential path to precision medicine. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 199:173-187. [PMID: 30877021 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in the United States and afflicts >5.7 million Americans in 2018. Therapeutic options remain extremely limited to those that are symptom targeting, while no drugs have been approved for the modification or reversal of the disease itself. Risk factors for AD including aging, the female sex, as well as carrying an APOE4 genotype. These risk factors have been extensively examined in the literature, while less attention has been paid to modifiable risk factors, including lifestyle, and environmental risk factors such as exposures to air pollution and pesticides. This review highlights the most recent data on risk factors in AD and identifies gene by environment interactions that have been investigated. It also provides a suggested framework for a personalized therapeutic approach to AD, by combining genetic, environmental and lifestyle risk factors. Understanding modifiable risk factors and their interaction with non-modifiable factors (age, susceptibility alleles, and sex) is paramount for designing personalized therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseel Eid
- Department of Environmental Health, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Isha Mhatre
- Department of Environmental Health, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America; Department of Neurosciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH
| | - Jason R Richardson
- Department of Environmental Health, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States of America.
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37
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Influence of microglia and astrocyte activation in the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease: Rational insights for the therapeutic approaches. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 59:6-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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38
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Chu JMT, Xiong W, Linghu KG, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhao GD, Irwin MG, Wong GTC, Yu H. Siegesbeckia Orientalis L. Extract Attenuates Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction, Systemic Inflammation, and Neuroinflammation. Exp Neurobiol 2018; 27:564-573. [PMID: 30636906 PMCID: PMC6318555 DOI: 10.5607/en.2018.27.6.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A proportion of patients experience acute or even prolonged cognitive impairment after surgery, a condition known as postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). It is characterized by impairment in different cognitive domains and neuroinflammation has been implicated as one of the inciting factors as strategies targeting inflammation tend to improve cognitive performance. Siegesbeckia Orientails L. (S. Orientails) is a common Chinese medicinal herb used for managing chronic inflammatory diseases. We investigated if pretreatment with S. Orientails before surgery confers any neuroprotective effects in postoperative animals in terms of reducing inflammation and mitigating cognitive impairment. Three-month-old male C57BL/6N mice were fed different doses of S. Orientails extract for 14 days before they underwent a laparotomy. After cognitive testing they were sacrificed on postoperative day (POD) 3. Our results showed that animals with extract pretreatment demonstrated memory improvement in a dose-dependent manner compared with control. Further, evidence for the attenuation of systemic and neuroinflammation was found in the pretreated animals, along with the inhibition of inflammatory pathways and significantly reduced tau phosphorylation in the hippocampus. Taken together, these results demonstrated a neuroprotective effect of S. Orientails in postoperative animals, indicating a therapeutic potential of S. Orientails in minimizing POCD and the possibility of utilizing this traditional Chinese medicine perioperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Man Tak Chu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.,Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ke Gang Linghu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guan Ding Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China
| | - Michael G Irwin
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gordon Tin Chun Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China.,HKBU Shenzhen Research Center, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China.,School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong 999077, Hong Kong, China
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39
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Patel BB, Sharifi F, Stroud DP, Montazami R, Hashemi NN, Sakaguchi DS. 3D Microfibrous Scaffolds Selectively Promotes Proliferation and Glial Differentiation of Adult Neural Stem Cells: A Platform to Tune Cellular Behavior in Neural Tissue Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2018; 19:e1800236. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhavika B. Patel
- Department of Genetics Development, and Cell Biology and Neuroscience Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Farrokh Sharifi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Daniel P. Stroud
- Department of Genetics Development, and Cell Biology, Biology Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Nicole N. Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Donald S. Sakaguchi
- Department of Genetics Development, and Cell Biology and Neuroscience Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
- Department of Genetics Development, and Cell Biology, Biology Program Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
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40
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Sánchez-Alegría K, Flores-León M, Avila-Muñoz E, Rodríguez-Corona N, Arias C. PI3K Signaling in Neurons: A Central Node for the Control of Multiple Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123725. [PMID: 30477115 PMCID: PMC6321294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) signaling contributes to a variety of processes, mediating many aspects of cellular function, including nutrient uptake, anabolic reactions, cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Less is known regarding its critical role in neuronal physiology, neuronal metabolism, tissue homeostasis, and the control of gene expression in the central nervous system in healthy and diseased states. The aim of the present work is to review cumulative evidence regarding the participation of PI3K pathways in neuronal function, focusing on their role in neuronal metabolism and transcriptional regulation of genes involved in neuronal maintenance and plasticity or on the expression of pathological hallmarks associated with neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Sánchez-Alegría
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
| | - Manuel Flores-León
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
| | - Evangelina Avila-Muñoz
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
| | - Nelly Rodríguez-Corona
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
| | - Clorinda Arias
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-228, 04510 México, DF, Mexico.
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41
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Joshi AU, Mochly-Rosen D. Mortal engines: Mitochondrial bioenergetics and dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacol Res 2018; 138:2-15. [PMID: 30144530 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are best known for their role in ATP generation. However, studies over the past two decades have shown that mitochondria do much more than that. Mitochondria regulate both necrotic and apoptotic cell death pathways, they store and therefore coordinate cellular Ca2+ signaling, they generate and metabolize important building blocks, by-products and signaling molecules, and they also generate and are targets of free radical species that modulate many aspects of cell physiology and pathology. Most estimates suggest that although the brain makes up only 2 percent of body weight, utilizes about 20 percent of the body's total ATP. Thus, mitochondrial dysfunction greatly impacts brain functions and is indeed associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, a number of abnormal disease-associated proteins have been shown to interact directly with mitochondria, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequent neuronal cell death. Here, we discuss the role of mitochondrial dynamics impairment in the pathological processes associated with neurodegeneration and suggest that a therapy targeting mitochondrialdysfunction holds a great promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit U Joshi
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, 94305-5174, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, 94305-5174, USA.
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42
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Beggiato S, Borelli AC, Ferraro L, Tanganelli S, Antonelli T, Tomasini MC. Palmitoylethanolamide Blunts Amyloid-β42-Induced Astrocyte Activation and Improves Neuronal Survival in Primary Mouse Cortical Astrocyte-Neuron Co-Cultures. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:389-399. [PMID: 29154284 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on the pivotal role of astrocytes in brain homeostasis and the strong metabolic cooperation existing between neurons and astrocytes, it has been suggested that astrocytic dysfunctions might cause and/or contribute to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative processes. Therapeutic approaches aimed at both neuroprotection and neuroinflammation reduction may prove particularly effective in slowing the progression of these diseases. The endogenous lipid mediator palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) displayed neuroprotective and anti(neuro)inflammatory properties, and demonstrated interesting potential as a novel treatment for Alzheimer's disease. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We firstly evaluated whether astrocytes could participate in regulating the Aβ42-induced neuronal damage, by using primary mouse astrocytes cell cultures and mixed astrocytes-neurons cultures. Furthermore, the possible protective effects of PEA against Aβ42-induced neuronal toxicity have also been investigated by evaluating neuronal viability, apoptosis, and morphometric parameters. RESULTS The presence of astrocytes pre-exposed to Aβ42 (0.5μM; 24 h) induced a reduction of neuronal viability in primary mouse astrocytes-neurons co-cultures. Furthermore, under these experimental conditions, an increase in the number of neuronal apoptotic nuclei and a decrease in the number of MAP-2 positive neurons were observed. Finally, astrocytic Aβ42 pre-exposure induced an increase in the number of neurite aggregations/100μm as compared to control (i.e., untreated) astrocytes-neurons co-cultures. These effects were not observed in neurons cultured in the presence of astrocytes pre-exposed to PEA (0.1μM), applied 1 h before and maintained during Aβ42 treatment. CONCLUSION Astrocytes contribute to Aβ42-induced neurotoxicity and PEA, by blunting Aβ42-induced astrocyte activation, improved neuronal survival in mouse astrocyte-neuron co-cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Beggiato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.,IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.,IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sergio Tanganelli
- IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tiziana Antonelli
- IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Italy
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43
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Mayorquin LC, Rodriguez AV, Sutachan JJ, Albarracín SL. Connexin-Mediated Functional and Metabolic Coupling Between Astrocytes and Neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:118. [PMID: 29695954 PMCID: PMC5905222 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) requires sophisticated regulation of neuronal activity. This modulation is partly accomplished by non-neuronal cells, characterized by the presence of transmembrane gap junctions (GJs) and hemichannels (HCs). This allows small molecule diffusion to guarantee neuronal synaptic activity and plasticity. Astrocytes are metabolically and functionally coupled to neurons by the uptake, binding and recycling of neurotransmitters. In addition, astrocytes release metabolites, such as glutamate, glutamine, D-serine, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lactate, regulating synaptic activity and plasticity by pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms. Uncoupling neuroglial communication leads to alterations in synaptic transmission that can be detrimental to neuronal circuit function and behavior. Therefore, understanding the pathways and mechanisms involved in this intercellular communication is fundamental for the search of new targets that can be used for several neurological disease treatments. This review will focus on molecular mechanisms mediating physiological and pathological coupling between astrocytes and neurons through GJs and HCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lady C Mayorquin
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrea V Rodriguez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jhon-Jairo Sutachan
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sonia L Albarracín
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Choe S, Cai M, Jerng UM, Lee JH. The Efficacy and Underlying Mechanism of Moxibustion in Preventing Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies. Exp Neurobiol 2018. [PMID: 29535565 PMCID: PMC5840457 DOI: 10.5607/en.2018.27.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is age-related and manageable only with early diagnosis and prevention. Moxibustion is widely accepted in East Asia as useful for preventing cognitive impairment. This systematic review of animal studies was conducted to verify the efficacy of moxibustion in preventing cognitive impairment and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Randomized controlled animal trials that established the efficacy of moxibustion in preventing cognitive impairment were included in the analysis. Results of behavioral tests and the signaling pathways elucidated were extracted and a meta-analysis was conducted with the behavioral test results. The risk of bias was evaluated using 9 items, and reporting quality was evaluated using the ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments) Guidelines Checklist. Ten trials involving 410 animals met the inclusion criteria. All studies reported the benefit of moxibustion in preventing cognitive deficits caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among five studies using the Morris water maze test, a significant effect of moxibustion in decreasing the escape time was reported in three studies, increasing the crossing times in four studies, and prolonging the dwelling time in two studies. The effects of moxibustion were demonstrated to be mediated by an increase in the activity of neurotrophins and heat shock protein, modulation of the cell cycle, and suppression of apoptosis and inflammation. However, considering the small number of included studies, the lack of studies investigating entire signaling pathways, and a high risk of bias and low reporting quality, our results need to be confirmed through more detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon Choe
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Mudan Cai
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
| | - Ui Min Jerng
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Lee
- Clinical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea.,Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science & Technology (UST), Campus of Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Korea
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45
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Tanshinone IIA decreases the levels of inflammation induced by Aβ1-42 in brain tissues of Alzheimer's disease model rats. Neuroreport 2018; 27:883-93. [PMID: 27348015 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To study the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and explore the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism of tanshinone IIA (TanIIA), we evaluated the quantity of neurons and the expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, glial fibrillary acidic protein, CD11b, C1q, C3c, and C3d in brain tissues of AD rats treated with TanIIA. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: sham group, TanIIA treatment group, and Aβ1-42 group. Aβ1-42 treatment was performed by injecting Aβ into the hippocampus of rats and then tagged position. Brain tissue morphological structure has been observed with HE staining and the staining of exogenously injected Aβ1-42 was observed by immunohistochemistry, which confirms the success of the Aβ1-42 group. After TanIIA treatment, levels of IL-1β, IL-6, glial fibrillary acidic protein, CD11b, C1q, C3c, and C3d were measured in paraffinized brain tissue sections from all groups by immunohistochemistry staining. The results showed that no 6E10 was detected in the control group, and the difference in the expression levels of 6E10 between the Aβ1-42 group and the TanIIA treatment group was not significant (P>0.05), suggesting that both the Aβ1-42 group and the TanIIA treatment group received the same amount of Aβ. The Aβ1-42 group showed a significant increase in the expression levels of inflammatory markers compared with the sham group (P<0.05) and the TanIIA treatment group showed a partial improvement in reducing inflammation. Therefore, Aβ triggered brain inflammation and activated the complement system. TanIIA treatment reduced the number of astrocytes and microglial cells, and induced a partial decrease in complement molecules in the brain of AD rats. These findings suggested that TanIIA may represent a potential therapeutic treatment in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD to support the survival of neurons by reducing expression levels of inflammatory factors.
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46
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Wong SY, Tang BL. SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2018; 27:813-825. [PMID: 27497424 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia in the aging population worldwide. SIRT1 deacetylation of histones and transcription factors impinge on multiple neuronal and non-neuronal targets, and modulates stress response, energy metabolism and cellular senescence/death pathways. Collectively, SIRT1 activity could potentially affect multiple aspects of hippocampal and cortical neuron function and survival, thus modifying disease onset and progression. In this review, the known and potential mechanisms of action of SIRT1 with regard to AD, and its potential as a therapeutic target, are discussed.
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47
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Seifar F, Khalili M, Khaledyan H, Amiri Moghadam S, Izadi A, Azimi A, Shakouri SK. α-Lipoic acid, functional fatty acid, as a novel therapeutic alternative for central nervous system diseases: A review. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:306-316. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1386755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Seifar
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khalili
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Habib Khaledyan
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Amiri Moghadam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Seied Kazem Shakouri
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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48
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Bianchi VE, Locatelli V, Rizzi L. Neurotrophic and Neuroregenerative Effects of GH/IGF1. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112441. [PMID: 29149058 PMCID: PMC5713408 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Human neurodegenerative diseases increase progressively with age and present a high social and economic burden. Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are both growth factors exerting trophic effects on neuronal regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). GH and IGF-1 stimulate protein synthesis in neurons, glia, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells, and favor neuronal survival, inhibiting apoptosis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GH and IGF-1 on neurons, and their possible therapeutic clinical applications on neuron regeneration in human subjects. Methods. In the literature, we searched the clinical trials and followed up studies in humans, which have evaluated the effect of GH/IGF-1 on CNS and PNS. The following keywords have been used: “GH/IGF-1” associated with “neuroregeneration”, “amyotrophic lateral sclerosis”, “Alzheimer disease”, “Parkinson’s disease”, “brain”, and “neuron”. Results. Of the retrieved articles, we found nine articles about the effect of GH in healthy patients who suffered from traumatic brain injury (TBI), and six studies (four using IGF-1 and two GH therapy) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The administration of GH in patients after TBI showed a significantly positive recovery of brain and mental function. Treatment with GH and IGF-1 therapy in ALS produced contradictory results. Conclusions. Although strong findings have shown the positive effects of GH/IGF-1 administration on neuroregeneration in animal models, a very limited number of clinical studies have been conducted in humans. GH/IGF-1 therapy had different effects in patients with TBI, evidencing a high recovery of neurons and clinical outcome, while in ALS patients, the results are contradictory. More complex clinical protocols are necessary to evaluate the effect of GH/IGF-1 efficacy in neurodegenerative diseases. It seems evident that GH and IGF-1 therapy favors the optimal recovery of neurons when a consistent residual activity is still present. Furthermore, the effect of GH/IGF-1 could be mediated by, or be overlapped with that of other hormones, such as estradiol and testosterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Emanuele Bianchi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Clinical Center Stella Maris, Strada Rovereta, 42-47891 Falciano, San Marino.
| | - Vittorio Locatelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca via Cadore, 48-20900 Monza Brianza, Italy.
| | - Laura Rizzi
- Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore, 48-20900 Monza Brianza, Italy.
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49
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Borroni E, Bohrmann B, Grueninger F, Prinssen E, Nave S, Loetscher H, Chinta SJ, Rajagopalan S, Rane A, Siddiqui A, Ellenbroek B, Messer J, Pähler A, Andersen JK, Wyler R, Cesura AM. Sembragiline: A Novel, Selective Monoamine Oxidase Type B Inhibitor for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017. [PMID: 28642233 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.241653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Increased MAO-B expression in astroglia has been observed adjacent to amyloid plaques in AD patient brains. This phenomenon is hypothesized to lead to increased production of hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby contributing to AD pathology. Therefore, reduction of ROS-induced oxidative stress via inhibition of MAO-B activity may delay the progression of the disease. In the present study we report the pharmacological properties of sembragiline, a novel selective MAO-B inhibitor specifically developed for the treatment of AD, and on its effect on ROS-mediated neuronal injury and astrogliosis in MAO-B transgenic animals. Sembragiline showed potent and long-lasting MAO-B-selective inhibition and did not inhibit MAO-A at doses where full inhibition of MAO-B was observed. Such selectivity should translate into a favorable clinical safety profile. Indeed, sembragiline neither induced the serotonin syndrome when administered together with the serotonin precursor l-5-hydroxytryptophan in combination with antidepressants such as fluoxetine, nor potentiated the pressor effect of tyramine. Additionally, in experiments using a transgenic animal model conditionally overexpressing MAO-B in astroglia, sembragiline protected against neuronal loss and reduced both ROS formation and reactive astrogliosis. Taken together, these findings warrant further investigation of the potential therapeutic benefit of MAO-B inhibitors in patients with AD and other neurologic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edilio Borroni
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Bernd Bohrmann
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Fiona Grueninger
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Eric Prinssen
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Stephane Nave
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Hansruedi Loetscher
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Shankar J Chinta
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Subramanian Rajagopalan
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Anand Rane
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Almas Siddiqui
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Bart Ellenbroek
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Juerg Messer
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Axel Pähler
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Julie K Andersen
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Rene Wyler
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
| | - Andrea M Cesura
- Roche Innovation Center Basel, Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland (E.B., B.B., F.G., E.P., S.N., H.L., J.M., A.P., and R.W.); Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, California (S.C., S.R., A.R., A.S., and J.A.); and Evotec International GmbH, Hamburg, Germany (A.M.C. and B.E.)
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50
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Ding L, Meng Y, Zhang HY, Yin WC, Yan Y, Cao YP. Prophylactic active immunization with a novel epitope vaccine improves cognitive ability by decreasing amyloid plaques and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Neurosci Res 2017; 119:7-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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