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Shali RK, Setarehdan SK, Seifi B. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy based blood pressure variations and hemodynamic activity of brain monitoring following postural changes: A systematic review. Physiol Behav 2024; 281:114574. [PMID: 38697274 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Postural change from supine or sitting to standing up leads to displacement of 300 to 1000 mL of blood from the central parts of the body to the lower limb, which causes a decrease in venous return to the heart, hence decrease in cardiac output, causing a drop in blood pressure. This may lead to falling down, syncope, and in general reducing the quality of daily activities, especially in the elderly and anyone suffering from nervous system disorders such as Parkinson's or orthostatic hypotension (OH). Among different modalities to study brain function, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging method that optically measures the hemodynamic response in brain tissue. Concentration changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) are associated with brain neural activity. fNIRS is significantly more tolerant to motion artifacts compared to fMRI, PET, and EEG. At the same time, it is portable, has a simple structure and usage, is safer, and much more economical. In this article, we systematically reviewed the literature to examine the history of using fNIRS in monitoring brain oxygenation changes caused by sudden changes in body position and its relationship with the blood pressure changes. First, the theory behind brain hemodynamics monitoring using fNIRS and its advantages and disadvantages are presented. Then, a study of blood pressure variations as a result of postural changes using fNIRS is described. It is observed that only 58 % of the references concluded a positive correlation between brain oxygenation changes and blood pressure changes. At the same time, 3 % showed a negative correlation, and 39 % did not show any correlation between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kheyrkhah Shali
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Kamaledin Setarehdan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behjat Seifi
- Faculty of Medical Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Kang Y, Dillon KN, Martinez MA, Maharaj A, Fischer SM, Figueroa A. L-Citrulline Supplementation Improves Arterial Blood Flow and Muscle Oxygenation during Handgrip Exercise in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:1935. [PMID: 38931289 PMCID: PMC11206967 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction decreases exercise limb blood flow (BF) and muscle oxygenation. Acute L-Citrulline supplementation (CIT) improves muscle tissue oxygen saturation index (TSI) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) during exercise. Although CIT improves endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation [FMD]) in hypertensive women, the impact of CIT on exercise BF and muscle oxygenation (TSI) and extraction (HHb) are unknown. We examined the effects of CIT (10 g/day) and a placebo for 4 weeks on blood pressure (BP), arterial vasodilation (FMD, BF, and vascular conductance [VC]), and forearm muscle oxygenation (TSI and HHb) at rest and during exercise in 22 hypertensive postmenopausal women. Compared to the placebo, CIT significantly (p < 0.05) increased FMD (Δ-0.7 ± 0.6% vs. Δ1.6 ± 0.7%) and reduced aortic systolic BP (Δ3 ± 5 vs. Δ-4 ± 6 mmHg) at rest and improved exercise BF (Δ17 ± 12 vs. Δ48 ± 16 mL/min), VC (Δ-21 ± 9 vs. Δ41 ± 14 mL/mmHg/min), TSI (Δ-0.84 ± 0.58% vs. Δ1.61 ± 0.46%), and HHb (Δ1.03 ± 0.69 vs. Δ-2.76 ± 0.77 μM). Exercise BF and VC were positively correlated with improved FMD and TSI during exercise (all p < 0.05). CIT improved exercise artery vasodilation and muscle oxygenation via increased endothelial function in hypertensive postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Kang
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (Y.K.); (K.N.D.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Katherine N. Dillon
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (Y.K.); (K.N.D.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Mauricio A. Martinez
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (Y.K.); (K.N.D.); (M.A.M.)
| | - Arun Maharaj
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA;
| | - Stephen M. Fischer
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Arturo Figueroa
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (Y.K.); (K.N.D.); (M.A.M.)
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Reinpõld K, Rannama I, Port K. Comparative Bilateral Measurements of Vastus Lateralis Muscle Oxygen Desaturation Kinetics during 30 S Sprint Cycling Exercise: Effects of Age and Performance. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2024; 9:104. [PMID: 38921640 PMCID: PMC11205145 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk9020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The study assessed vastus lateralis oxygen desaturation kinetics (SmO2) in 32 male cyclists (16 Seniors, 16 Juniors) during a 30 s sprint, examining effects of age and performance. An incremental test was used to determine ventilatory thresholds (VT1, VT2) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2kg), followed by a sprint test to evaluate anaerobic performance. Cyclists' performance phenotype was determined as the ratio of power at VT2 to 5 s peak sprint power. Juniors exhibited sprinter-like traits, excelling in all functional tests except for lactate levels post-sprint. SmO2 data showed no age-related or bilateral differences across participants. The combined mean response time (MRT) revealed stronger bilateral goodness of fit (R2 = 0.64) than individual time delay (TD) and time constant (τ). Higher VO2kg at VT2, peak power, and maximal uptake were linked to longer TD, while shorter TD correlated with higher lactate production and increased fatigue. Bilaterally averaged SmO2 kinetics distinguished between sprint and endurance athletes, indicating the potential to reflect the alactic anaerobic system's capacity and depletion. Age did not affect desaturation rates, but younger cyclists showed greater response amplitude, attributed to a higher initial baseline rather than maximal desaturation at the end of the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmen Reinpõld
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, University of Tallinn, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Kristjan Port
- School of Natural Sciences and Health, University of Tallinn, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
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Yang X, Wang H, Sun J. Understanding tightened muscle in knee osteoarthritis and the impacts of Fu's subcutaneous needling: A pilot trial with shear-wave elastography and near-infrared spectroscopy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38274. [PMID: 38787967 PMCID: PMC11124628 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the scarce reports on the interplay between Fu's subcutaneous needling (FSN), tightened muscle, and therapeutic effects, we developed a clinical research protocol to synchronously collect data on clinical efficacy and muscle characteristics in patients with knee osteoarthritis, exploring the mechanism of FSN action. The primary aim was to assess the feasibility and safety of this protocol, guiding future trials and their sample size calculations. METHODS In this prospective, single-blind, self-controlled study, 19 patients with early to mid-stage unilateral knee osteoarthritis underwent FSN therapy on both knees over 1 week (4 sessions, every other day). We measured local elastic modulus, muscle thickness, blood flow volume, and oxygen consumption rate of bilateral vastus lateralis muscles using shear-wave elastography and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) before and after the first and fourth treatments. Additionally, real-time NIRS indicators (oxygenated hemoglobin [O2Hb], deoxyhemoglobin [HHb], total hemoglobin [THb], and tissue saturation index [TSI]) were recorded during these treatments. Pain intensity (visual analogue scale [VAS]), functional status (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]), and active range of motion were evaluated before these treatments. RESULTS All 19 participants completed the trial without serious adverse events. After 3 FSN treatments, significant changes were observed in VAS and WOMAC scores (VAS: P < .001; WOMAC: P < .001), and knee flexion (P < .001) and external rotation (P = .02), except for internal rotation. No meaningful significant differences were observed in muscle characteristics at baseline or between pre- and post-treatment periods. NIRS results during treatments indicated significant increases in local O2Hb and THb post-FSN therapy (First treatment: O2Hb: P = .005; THb: P = .006. Fourth treatment: O2Hb: P = .002; THb: P = .004); however, no significant increases were observed for HHb (First treatment: P = .06; Fourth treatment: P = .28). No linear correlation was found between therapeutic effects and changes in tightened muscle indices. CONCLUSION FSN reduces pain and improves joint function in knee osteoarthritis, while also enhancing blood flow and oxygenation in the vastus lateralis muscle of the affected side. Further revisions of this protocol are warranted based on our insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Acupuncture Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Rajeswari SVKR, Vijayakumar P. Development of sensor system and data analytic framework for non-invasive blood glucose prediction. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9206. [PMID: 38649731 PMCID: PMC11035575 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodic quantification of blood glucose levels is performed using painful, invasive methods. The proposed work presents the development of a noninvasive glucose-monitoring device with two sensors, i.e., finger and wrist bands. The sensor system was designed with a near-infrared (NIR) wavelength of 940 nm emitter and a 900-1700 nm detector. This study included 101 diabetic and non-diabetic volunteers. The obtained dataset was subjected to pre-processing, exploratory data analysis (EDA), data visualization, and integration methods. Ambiguities such as the effects of skin color, ambient light, and finger pressure on the sensor were overcome in the proposed 'niGLUC-2.0v'. niGLUC-2.0v was validated with performance metrics where accuracy of 99.02%, mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.15, mean square error (MSE) of 0.22 for finger, and accuracy of 99.96%, MAE of 0.06, MSE of 0.006 for wrist prototype with ridge regression (RR) were achieved. Bland-Altman analysis was performed, where 98% of the data points were within ± 1.96 standard deviation (SD), 100% were under zone A of the Clarke Error Grid (CEG), and statistical analysis showed p < 0.05 on evaluated accuracy. Thus, niGLUC-2.0v is suitable in the medical and personal care fields for continuous real-time blood glucose monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V K R Rajeswari
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, India
| | - P Vijayakumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, India.
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Vasquez-Bonilla A, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Gómez-Carmona CD, Olcina G, Olivares-Arancibia J, Rojas-Valverde D. Calculating Load and Intensity Using Muscle Oxygen Saturation Data. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:113. [PMID: 38668581 PMCID: PMC11054888 DOI: 10.3390/sports12040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to calculate training intensity and load using muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) during two differentiated physical tasks. 29 university athletes participated in a 40-m Maximal Shuttle Run Test (MST, 10 × 40-m with 30 s recovery between sprints) and a 3000-m time trial run. Distance and time were used to calculate external load (EL). Internal load indicators were calculated based on percentage of maximum heart rate (%HRMAX) and SmO2 variables: muscle oxygen extraction (∇%SmO2) and the cardio-muscle oxygen index (CMOI) was also provided by relating ∇%SmO2 ÷ %HRMAX, and the training load were calculated as the product of speed (m/min × IL) and the efficiency index [Effindex (m/min ÷ IL)]. A student t test was applied based on Bayesian factor analysis. As expected, EL differed in the 40-m MST (331 ± 22.8) vs. 3000-m trials (222 ± 56.8) [BF10 = 6.25e+6; p = <0.001]. Likewise, IL showed higher values in 40-m MST (39.20 ± 15.44) vs. 3000-m (30.51 ± 8.67) in CMOI: [BF10 = 1.70; p = 0.039]. Training load was greater in 40-m MST (85.77 ± 27.40) vs. 3000-m (15.55 ± 6.77) [(m/min × ∇%SmO2): BF10 = 12.5; p = 0.003] and 40-m MST (129.27 ± 49.44) vs. 3000-m (70.63 ± 32.98) [(m/min × CMOI): BF10 = 169.6; p = <0.001]. Also, the Effindex was higher in 40-m MST (10.19 ± 4.17) vs. 3000-m (6.06 ± 2.21) [(m/min × ∇%SmO2): BF10 = 137.03; p = <0.001] and 40-m MST (9.69 ± 4.11) vs. 3000-m (7.55 ± 1.87) [(m/min × CMOI): BF10 = 1.86; p = 0.035]. This study demonstrates calculations of training intensity and load based on SmO2 as an internal load indicator along with speed as an external load indicator during two differentiated exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Vasquez-Bonilla
- Grupo de Avances en Entrenamiento Deportivo y Acondicionamiento Físico, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (A.V.-B.); (G.O.)
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Faculty Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile;
| | - Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona
- Grupo de Optimización del Entrenamiento Deportivo, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Guillermo Olcina
- Grupo de Avances en Entrenamiento Deportivo y Acondicionamiento Físico, Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (A.V.-B.); (G.O.)
| | - Jorge Olivares-Arancibia
- Grupo AFySE, Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 8320000, Chile
| | - Daniel Rojas-Valverde
- Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico en Salud y Deporte (CIDISAD), Escuela Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional, Heredia 863000, Costa Rica;
- Núcleo de Estudios en Alto Rendimiento y Salud (NARS), Escuela del Movimiento Humano y Calidad deVida (CIEMHCAVI), Universidad Nacional, Heredia 863000, Costa Rica
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Hasegawa J, Azevedo R, Silveira A, Lima-Silva A, Bertuzzi R. Wearable near-infrared spectroscopy: reliability and sensitivity among different endurance cycling exercise intensities. Braz J Med Biol Res 2024; 57:e13102. [PMID: 38451607 PMCID: PMC10913389 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2024e13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the reliability and sensitivity of a wearable near-infrared spectroscopy (wNIRS) device in moderate and heavy exercise intensity domains. On three separate days, eleven males performed an incremental test to exhaustion, and in the following visits, four submaximal constant-load bouts (i.e., test and retest) were performed in the moderate-intensity domain (100 and 130 W) and heavy-intensity domain (160 and 190 W). The local tissue oxygen saturation index (SmO2) and pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2) were measured continuously. The absolute SmO2 and V̇O2 values and the change (Δ) from the 3rd to 6th min of exercise were calculated. There was good reliability for SmO2 measurements, as indicated by the high intraclass correlation coefficient analysis (ICC ≥0.84 for all) and low coefficient of variation between the two trials (CV ≤4.1% for all). Steady-state responses were observed for SmO2 and V̇O2 from the 3rd to the 6th min in the two moderate-intensity bouts (P>0.05), whereas SmO2 decreased and V̇O2 increased from the 3rd to the 6th min in the two heavy-intensity bouts (P<0.05). Together, these findings suggested that the SmO2 measured with a wNIRS device is reliable and sensitive to track local metabolic changes provoked by slight increments in exercise intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.S. Hasegawa
- Grupo de Estudos em Aptidão Aeróbia, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - R.A. Azevedo
- Grupo de Estudos em Aptidão Aeróbia, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A.C. Silveira
- Grupo de Estudos em Aptidão Aeróbia, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - A.E. Lima-Silva
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Desempenho Humano, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil
| | - R. Bertuzzi
- Grupo de Estudos em Aptidão Aeróbia, Escola de Educação Física e Esporte, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Jones B, Waterworth S, Tallent J, Rogerson M, Morton C, Moran J, Southall-Edwards R, Cooper CE, McManus C. Cold-Water Immersion and Lower Limb Muscle Oxygen Consumption as Measured by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Trained Endurance Athletes. J Athl Train 2024; 59:317-324. [PMID: 37347152 PMCID: PMC10976338 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0532.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cold-water immersion (CWI) has been reported to reduce tissue metabolism postimmersion, but physiological data are lacking regarding the muscle metabolic response to its application. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive optical technique that can inform muscle hemodynamics and tissue metabolism. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of CWI at 2 water temperatures (10°C and 15°C) on NIRS-calculated measurements of muscle oxygen consumption (mVO2). DESIGN Crossover study. SETTING University sports rehabilitation center. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 11 male National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II long-distance runners (age = 23.4 ± 3.4 years, height = 1.8 ± 0.1 m, mass = 68.8 ± 10.7 kg, mean adipose tissue thickness = 6.7 ± 2.7 mm). INTERVENTION(S) Cold-water immersion at 10°C and 15°C for 20 minutes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) We calculated mVO2 preimmersion and postimmersion at water temperatures of 10°C and 15°C. Changes in tissue oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxyhemoglobin (HHb), total hemoglobin (tHb), hemoglobin difference (Hbdiff), and tissue saturation index (TSI %) were measured during the 20-minute immersion at both temperatures. RESULTS We observed a decrease in mVO2 after immersion at both 10°C and 15°C (F1,9 = 27.7801, P = .001). During the 20-minute immersion at both temperatures, we noted a main effect of time for O2Hb (F3,27 = 14.227, P = .001), HHb (F3,27 = 5.749, P = .009), tHb (F3,27 = 24.786, P = .001), and Hbdiff (F3,27 = 3.894, P = .020), in which values decreased over the course of immersion. Post hoc pairwise comparisons showed that these changes occurred within the final 5 minutes of immersion for tHb and O2Hb. CONCLUSIONS A 20-minute CWI at 10°C and 15°C led to a reduction in mVO2. This was greater after immersion at 10°C. The reduction in mVO2 suggests a decrease in muscle metabolic activity (ie, O2 use after CWI). Calculating mVO2 via the NIRS-occlusion technique may offer further insight into muscle metabolic responses beyond what is attainable from observing the NIRS primary signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Jones
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Sally Waterworth
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Jamie Tallent
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Mike Rogerson
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Chris Morton
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Jason Moran
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | | | - Chris E. Cooper
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
| | - Chris McManus
- School of Sport, Rehabilitation and Exercise Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, UK
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Greaves LM, Zaleski KS, Matias AA, Gyampo AO, Giuriato G, Lynch M, Lora B, Tomasi T, Basso E, Finegan E, Schickler J, Venturelli M, DeBlauw JA, Shostak E, Blum OE, Ives SJ. Limb, sex, but not acute dietary capsaicin, modulate the near-infrared spectroscopy-vascular occlusion test estimate of muscle metabolism. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15988. [PMID: 38537943 PMCID: PMC10972678 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The downward slope during the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-vascular occlusion test (NIRS-VOT) is purported as a simplified estimate of metabolism. Whether or not the NIRS-VOT exhibits sex- or limb-specificity or may be acutely altered remains to be elucidated. Thus, we investigated if there is limb- or sex specificity in tissue desaturation rates (DeO2) during a NIRS-VOT, and if acute dietary capsaicin may alter this estimate of muscle metabolism. Young healthy men (n = 25, 21 ± 4 years) and women (n = 20, 20 ± 1 years) ingested either placebo or capsaicin, in a counterbalanced, single-blind, crossover design after which a simplified NIRS-VOT was conducted to determine the DeO2 (%/s), as an estimate of oxidative muscle metabolism, in both the forearm (flexors) and thigh (vastus lateralis). There was a significant limb effect with the quadriceps having a greater DeO2 than the forearm (-2.31 ± 1.34 vs. -1.78 ± 1.22%/s, p = 0.007, ηp 2 = 0.19). There was a significant effect of sex on DeO2 (p = 0.005, ηp 2 = 0.203) with men exhibiting a lesser DeO2 than women (-1.73 ± 1.03 vs. -2.36 ± 1.32%/s, respectively). This manifested in significant interactions of limb*capsaicin (p = 0.001, ηp 2 = 0.26) as well as limb*capsaicin*sex on DeO2 (p = 0.013, ηp 2 = 0.16) being observed. Capsaicin does not clearly alter O2-dependent muscle metabolism, but there was apparent limb and sex specificity, interacting with capsaicin in this NIRS-derived assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M. Greaves
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Kendall S. Zaleski
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Alexs A. Matias
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied PhysiologyUniversity of DelawareNewarkDelawareUSA
| | - Abena O. Gyampo
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Gaia Giuriato
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement SciencesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Meaghan Lynch
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Brian Lora
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Tawn Tomasi
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Emma Basso
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Emma Finegan
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Jack Schickler
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Massimo Venturelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement SciencesUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Justin A. DeBlauw
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Elena Shostak
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Oliver E. Blum
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
| | - Stephen J. Ives
- Health and Human Physiological Sciences DepartmentSkidmore CollegeSaratoga SpringsNew YorkUSA
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Koutlas A, Smilios I, Kokkinou EM, Myrkos A, Kounoupis A, Dipla K, Zafeiridis A. NIRS-Derived Muscle-Deoxygenation and Microvascular Reactivity During Occlusion-Reperfusion at Rest Are Associated With Whole-Body Aerobic Fitness. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:127-139. [PMID: 36689603 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2159309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) indices during arterial occlusion-reperfusion maneuver have been used to examine the muscle's oxidative metabolism and microvascular function-important determinants of whole-body aerobic-fitness. The association of NIRS-derived parameters with whole-body VO2max was previously examined using a method requiring exercise (or electrical stimulation) followed by multiple arterial occlusions. We examined whether NIRS-derived indices of muscle deoxygenation and microvascular reactivity assessed during a single occlusion-reperfusion at rest are (a) associated with maximal/submaximal indices of whole-body aerobic-fitness and (b) could discriminate individuals with different VO2max. We, also, investigated which NIRS-parameter during occlusion-reperfusion correlates best with whole-body aerobic-fitness. Methods: Twenty-five young individuals performed an arterial occlusion-reperfusion at rest. Changes in oxygenated- and deoxygenated-hemoglobin (O2Hb and HHb, respectively) in vastus-lateralis were monitored; adipose tissue thickness (ATT) at NIRS-application was assessed. Participants also underwent a maximal incremental exercise test for VO2max, maximal aerobic velocity (MAV), and ventilatory-thresholds (VTs) assessments. Results: The HHbslope and HHbmagnitude of increase (occlusion-phase) and O2Hbmagnitude of increase (reperfusion-phase) were strongly correlated with VO2max (r = .695-.763, p < .001) and moderately with MAV (r = .468-.530; p < .05). O2Hbmagnitude was moderately correlated with VTs (r = .399-.414; p < .05). After controlling for ATT, the correlations remained significant for VO2max (r = .672-.704; p < .001) and MAV (r = .407; p < .05). Individuals in the high percentiles after median and tritile splits for HHbslope and O2Hbmagnitude had significantly greater VO2max vs. those in low percentiles (p < .01-.05). The HHbslope during occlusion was the best predictor of VO2max. Conclusion: NIRS-derived muscle deoxygenation/reoxygenation indices during a single arterial occlusion-reperfusion maneuver are strongly associated with whole-body maximal indices of aerobic-fitness (VO2max, MAV) and may discriminate individuals with different VO2max.
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11
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Anthierens A, Thevenon A, Olivier N, Mucci P. Paraspinal muscle oxygenation and mechanical efficiency are reduced in individuals with chronic low back pain. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4943. [PMID: 38418858 PMCID: PMC10901808 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the systemic and local metabolic responses during a 5-min trunk extension exercise in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and in healthy individuals. Thirteen active participants with CLBP paired with 13 healthy participants performed a standardised 5-min trunk extension exercise on an isokinetic dynamometer set in continuous passive motion mode. During exercise, we used near-infrared spectroscopy to measure tissue oxygenation (TOI) and total haemoglobin-myoglobin (THb). We used a gas exchange analyser to measure breath-by-breath oxygen consumption (V̇O2) and carbon dioxide produced (V̇CO2). We also calculated mechanical efficiency. We assessed the intensity of low back pain sensation before and after exercise by using a visual analogue scale. In participants with CLBP, low back pain increased following exercise (+ 1.5 units; p < 0.001) and THb decreased during exercise (- 4.0 units; p = 0.043). Paraspinal muscle oxygenation (65.0 and 71.0%, respectively; p = 0.009) and mechanical efficiency (4.7 and 5.3%, respectively; p = 0.034) were both lower in participants with CLBP compared with healthy participants. The increase in pain sensation was related to the decrease in tissue oxygenation (R2 = - 0.420; p = 0.036). Decreases in total haemoglobin-myoglobin and mechanical efficiency could involve fatigability in exercise-soliciting paraspinal muscles and, therefore, exacerbate inabilities in daily life. Given the positive correlation between tissue oxygenation and exercise-induced pain exacerbation, muscle oxygenation may be related to persisting and crippling low back pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Anthierens
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - André Thevenon
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
- Service de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation Fonctionnelle, CHRU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Olivier
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Patrick Mucci
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ULR 7369 - URePSSS - Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, 59000, Lille, France
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12
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Mangone LA, Taylor BA, Schmelzer R, Noh SG, White MC, Kwon OS, Thompson PD. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity in patients with statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). Open Heart 2024; 11:e002551. [PMID: 38388189 PMCID: PMC10884190 DOI: 10.1136/openhrt-2023-002551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this article is to evaluate near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a non-invasive technique to assess tissue oxygenation and mitochondrial function, as a diagnostic tool for statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS). METHODS We verified SAMS in 39 statin-treated patients (23 women) using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over protocol. Subjects with suspected SAMS were randomised to simvastatin 20 mg/day or placebo for 8 weeks, followed by a 4-week no treatment period and then assigned to the alternative treatment, either simvastatin or placebo. Tissue oxygenation was measured before and after each statin or placebo treatment using NIRS during handgrip exercise at increasing intensities of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). RESULTS 44% (n=17) of patients were confirmed as having SAMS (11 women) because they reported discomfort only during simvastatin treatment. There were no significant differences in percent change in tissue oxygenation in placebo versus statin at all % MVCs in all subjects. The percent change in tissue oxygenation also did not differ significantly between confirmed and unconfirmed SAMS subjects on statin (-2.4% vs -2.4%, respectively) or placebo treatment (-1.1% vs -9%, respectively). The percent change in tissue oxygenation was reduced after placebo therapy in unconfirmed SAMS subjects (-10.2%) (p≤0.01) suggesting potential measurement variability. CONCLUSIONS NIRS in the forearm cannot differentiate between confirmed and unconfirmed SAMS, but further research is needed to assess the usability of NIRS as a diagnostic tool for SAMS. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03653663.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Mangone
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Beth A Taylor
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Robert Schmelzer
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sung Gi Noh
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael C White
- School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Oh Sung Kwon
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
- Center on Aging and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Paul D Thompson
- Heart and Vascular Institute, Hartford HealthCare, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
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Miyake T, Minakuchi T, Sato S, Okubo C, Yanagihara D, Tamaki E. Optical Myography-Based Sensing Methodology of Application of Random Loads to Muscles during Hand-Gripping Training. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:1108. [PMID: 38400266 PMCID: PMC10893447 DOI: 10.3390/s24041108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Hand-gripping training is important for improving the fundamental functions of human physical activity. Bernstein's idea of "repetition without repetition" suggests that motor control function should be trained under changing states. The randomness level of load should be visualized for self-administered screening when repeating various training tasks under changing states. This study aims to develop a sensing methodology of random loads applied to both the agonist and antagonist skeletal muscles when performing physical tasks. We assumed that the time-variability and periodicity of the applied load appear in the time-series feature of muscle deformation data. In the experiment, 14 participants conducted the gripping tasks with a gripper, ball, balloon, Palm clenching, and paper. Crumpling pieces of paper (paper exercise) involves randomness because the resistance force of the paper changes depending on the shape and layers of the paper. Optical myography during gripping tasks was measured, and time-series features were analyzed. As a result, our system could detect the random movement of muscles during training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamon Miyake
- H2L Inc., Tokyo 106-0032, Japan (E.T.)
- Future Robotics Organization, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan
| | | | - Suguru Sato
- H2L Inc., Tokyo 106-0032, Japan (E.T.)
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0129, Japan
| | | | - Dai Yanagihara
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8902,
Japan;
| | - Emi Tamaki
- H2L Inc., Tokyo 106-0032, Japan (E.T.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa 903-0129, Japan
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14
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Jamieson A, Al Saikhan L, Alghamdi L, Hamill Howes L, Purcell H, Hillman T, Heightman M, Treibel T, Orini M, Bell R, Scully M, Hamer M, Chaturvedi N, Montgomery H, Hughes AD, Astin R, Jones S. Mechanisms underlying exercise intolerance in long COVID: An accumulation of multisystem dysfunction. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15940. [PMID: 38346773 PMCID: PMC10861355 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of exercise intolerance and persistent fatigue which can follow an infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus ("long COVID") is not fully understood. Cases were recruited from a long COVID clinic (N = 32; 44 ± 12 years; 10 (31%) men), and age-/sex-matched healthy controls (HC) (N = 19; 40 ± 13 years; 6 (32%) men) from University College London staff and students. We assessed exercise performance, lung and cardiac function, vascular health, skeletal muscle oxidative capacity, and autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. Key outcome measures for each physiological system were compared between groups using potential outcome means (95% confidence intervals) adjusted for potential confounders. Long COVID participant outcomes were compared to normative values. When compared to HC, cases exhibited reduced oxygen uptake efficiency slope (1847 (1679, 2016) vs. 2176 (1978, 2373) mL/min, p = 0.002) and anaerobic threshold (13.2 (12.2, 14.3) vs. 15.6 (14.4, 17.2) mL/kg/min, p < 0.001), and lower oxidative capacity, measured using near infrared spectroscopy (τ: 38.7 (31.9, 45.6) vs. 24.6 (19.1, 30.1) s, p = 0.001). In cases, ANS measures fell below normal limits in 39%. Long COVID is associated with reduced measures of exercise performance and skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in the absence of evidence of microvascular dysfunction, suggesting mitochondrial pathology. There was evidence of attendant ANS dysregulation in a significant proportion. These multisystem factors might contribute to impaired exercise tolerance in long COVID sufferers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Jamieson
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lamia Al Saikhan
- Department of Cardiac Technology, College of Applied Medial SciencesImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia
| | - Lamis Alghamdi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Cardiac Technology, College of Applied Medial SciencesImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammamSaudi Arabia
| | - Lee Hamill Howes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Helen Purcell
- Department of Respiratory MedicineUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Toby Hillman
- Department of Respiratory MedicineUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Respiratory MedicineUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Melissa Heightman
- Department of Respiratory MedicineUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Thomas Treibel
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's HospitalLondonUK
| | - Michele Orini
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Robert Bell
- Hatter Cardiovascular InstituteUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Marie Scully
- Department of HaematologyUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Mark Hamer
- Division of Surgery and Interventional ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nishi Chaturvedi
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Hugh Montgomery
- Centre for Human Health and PerformanceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)LondonUK
| | - Alun D. Hughes
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Ronan Astin
- Department of Respiratory MedicineUniversity College London Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
- Centre for Human Health and PerformanceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Siana Jones
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCLUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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15
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Shoemaker ME, Smith CM, Gillen ZM, Cramer JT. Sex Differences in Test-Retest Reliability of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy During Postocclusive Reactive Hyperemia of the Vastus Lateralis. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:e40-e48. [PMID: 37815266 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Shoemaker, ME, Smith, CM, Gillen, ZM, and Cramer, JT. Sex differences in test-retest reliability of near-infrared spectroscopy during postocclusive reactive hyperemia of the vastus lateralis. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): e40-e48, 2024-The purpose of this study was to determine test-retest reliability for vascular reactivity measures and ranges for normalization of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) variables from the vastus lateralis using postocclusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) procedure in male subjects, female subjects, and combined. Concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (Hb) + myoglobin (Mb) (O 2 Hb) and deoxygenated Hb + Mb (HHb) to derive total Hb + Mb (THb), difference in Hb + Mb signal (Hbdiff), and muscle tissue oxygen saturation (StO 2 ) from the vastus lateralis were measured during the PORH in 12 male subjects (age: 23.17 ± 1.77 years; stature: 180.88 ± 4.59 cm; and mass: 81.47 ± 9.68 kg) and 10 female subjects (age: 23.80 ± 2.07 years; stature: 165.95 ± 4.92 cm; and mass: 70.93 ± 10.55 kg) on 2 separate days. Adipose tissue thickness at the NIRS site was measured with ultrasonography. There were no significant differences between the mean values from visit 1 to visit 2 ( p > 0.076-0.985). In the composite sample, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 0.35 to 0.91 and 4.74 to 39.18%, respectively. In male subjects, ICC and CV values ranged from 0.57 to 0.89 and 2.44 to 28.55%, respectively. In female subjects, ICC and CV values ranged from -0.05 to 0.75 and 7.83 to 61.19%, respectively. Although NIRS variables were overall reliable during PORH, when separated by sex, reliability in male subjects generally increased, whereas female subjects were not reliable, suggesting adipose tissue thickness may be a contributing factor. Understanding sex differences in reliability is important when using this technique for normalization or examining vascular reactivity during athletic performance. With greater utilization of NIRS monitoring in athletes to examine training adaptations, it is important for practitioners to understand the capabilities and potential limitations of the tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni E Shoemaker
- College of Education and Human Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota
| | - Cory M Smith
- Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, Texas
| | - Zachary M Gillen
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi
| | - Joel T Cramer
- College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
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16
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Chatlaong MA, Stanford DM, Miller WM, Davidson CJ, Jessee MB. Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in habituated caffeine users: Effects of abstaining versus consuming typical doses. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024; 87:101-113. [PMID: 38250766 DOI: 10.3233/ch-232036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia (PORH) typically requires caffeine abstinence. For habitual users, it is unknown if abstinence affects PORH. OBJECTIVE Compare PORH after habitual users consume or abstain from caffeine. METHODS On separate visits (within-subject), PORH was measured in 30 participants without abstinence from typical caffeine doses (CAFF) and with abstinence (ABS). Measurements included baseline and peak hyperemic velocity, tissue saturation index slopes during ischemia (Slope 1) and following cuff deflation (Slope 2), resting arterial occlusion pressure (AOP), heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP), and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure. All variables were compared using Bayesian paired t-tests. BF10 = likelihood of alternative vs null. Results are mean±SD. RESULTS Comparing baseline velocity (cm/s) between CAFF (9.3±4.8) and ABS (7.5±4.9) yielded anecdotal evidence (BF10 = 1.0). Peak hyperemic velocity (cm/s) was similar (CAFF = 77.3±16.7; ABS = 77.6±19.0, BF10 = 0.20). For slopes (TSI% /s), CAFF Slope 1 = -0.11±0.04 and Slope 2 = 1.9±0.46 were similar (both BF10≤0.20) to ABS Slope 1 = -0.12±0.03 and Slope 2 = 1.8±0.42. SBP and DBP (mmHg) were both similar (CAFF SBP = 116.0±9.8, DBP = 69.6±5.8; ABS SBP = 115.5±10.7, DBP = 69.5±5.4; both BF10≤0.22). Comparing AOP (mmHg) (CAFF = 146.6±15.0; ABS = 143.0±16.4) yielded anecdotal evidence (BF10 = 0.46). HR (bpm) was similar (CAFF = 66.5±12.3; ABS = 66.9±13.0; BF10 = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS In habitual users, consuming or abstaining from typical caffeine doses does not appear to affect post-occlusive reactive hyperemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Chatlaong
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Applied Human Health and Physical Function Laboratory, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Daphney M Stanford
- Department of Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, USA
| | - William M Miller
- University of Evansville, School of Health Sciences, Evansville, IN, USA
| | - Chance J Davidson
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Applied Human Health and Physical Function Laboratory, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Matthew B Jessee
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Applied Human Health and Physical Function Laboratory, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
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17
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Crouzet C, Dunn CE, Choi B. Quantifying tissue properties and absolute hemodynamics using coherent spatial imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:127001. [PMID: 38116026 PMCID: PMC10730023 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.12.127001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Significance Measuring hemodynamic function is crucial for health assessment. Optical signals provide relative hemoglobin concentration changes, but absolute measurements require costly, bulky technology. Speckleplethysmography (SPG) uses coherent light to detect speckle fluctuations. Combining SPG with multispectral measurements may provide important physiological information on blood flow and absolute hemoglobin concentration. Aim To develop an affordable optical technology to measure tissue absorption, scattering, hemoglobin concentrations, tissue oxygen saturation (StO 2 ), and blood flow. Approach We integrated reflectance spectroscopy and laser speckle imaging to create coherent spatial imaging (CSI). CSI was validated against spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) using phantom-based measurements. In vivo arterial and venous occlusion experiments compared CSI with diffuse optical spectroscopy/diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DOS/DCS) measurements. Results CSI and SFDI agreed on tissue absorption and scattering in phantom tests. CSI and DOS/DCS showed similar trends and agreement in arterial occlusion results. During venous occlusion, both uncorrected and corrected blood flow decreased with increasing pressure, with an ∼ 200 % difference in overall blood flow decrease between the methods. CSI and DOS/DCS data showed expected hemoglobin concentrations, StO 2 , and blood flow trends. Conclusions CSI provides affordable and comprehensive hemodynamic information. It can potentially detect dysfunction and improve measurements, such as blood pressure, S p O 2 , and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Crouzet
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Cody E. Dunn
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Bernard Choi
- University of California, Irvine, Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Department of Surgery, Irvine, California, United States
- University of California, Irvine, Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation Research Center, California, United States
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18
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Fernandez C, Blaney G, Frias J, Tavakoli F, Sassaroli A, Fantini S. Single-distance and dual-slope frequency-domain near-infrared spectroscopy to assess skeletal muscle hemodynamics. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2023; 28:125004. [PMID: 38098980 PMCID: PMC10720738 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.28.12.125004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Significance Non-invasive optical measurements of deep tissue (e.g., muscle) need to take into account confounding contributions from baseline and dynamic optical properties of superficial tissue (adipose tissue). Aim Discriminate superficial and deep tissue hemodynamics using data collected with frequency-domain (FD) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in a dual-slope (DS) configuration. Approach Experimental data were collected in vivo on the forearm of three human subjects during a 3-min arterial occlusion or 1-min venous occlusion. Theoretical data were generated using diffusion theory for two-layered media with varying values of the reduced scattering coefficient (μ s ' ) (range: 0.5 to 1.1 mm - 1 ) and absorption coefficient (μ a ) (range: 0.005 - 0.015 mm - 1 ) of the two layers, and top layer thickness (range: 2 to 8 mm). Data were analyzed using diffusion theory for a homogeneous semi-infinite medium. Results Experimental data in vivo were consistent with simulated data for a two-layered medium with a larger μ s ' in the top layer, comparable absorption changes in the top and bottom layers during venous occlusion, and smaller absorption changes in the top vs. bottom layers during arterial occlusion. Conclusions The dataset generated by DS FD-NIRS may allow for discrimination of superficial and deep absorption changes in two-layered media, thus lending itself to individual measurements of hemodynamics in adipose and muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristianne Fernandez
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Giles Blaney
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Jodee Frias
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Fatemeh Tavakoli
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Angelo Sassaroli
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, Massachusetts, United States
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19
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Košir M, Možina H, Podbregar M. Skeletal muscle oxygenation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation as a predictor of return of spontaneous circulation: a pilot study. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:418. [PMID: 37821950 PMCID: PMC10566100 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides regional tissue oxygenation (rSO2) even in pulseless states, such as out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Brain rSO2 seems to be important predictor of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Aim of our study was to explore feasibility for monitoring and detecting changes of skeletal muscle rSO2 during resuscitation. METHODS Skeletal muscle and brain rSO2 were measured by NIRS (SenSmart Model X-100, Nonin, USA) during CPR in adult patient with OHCA. Start (basal) rSO2, maximal during CPR (maximal) and difference between maximal-minimal rSO2 (delta-rSO2), were recorded. Patients were divided into ROSC and NO-ROSC group. RESULTS 20 patients [age: 66.0ys (60.5-79.5), 65% male] with OHCA [50% witnessed, 70% BLS, time to ALS 13.5 min (11.0-19.0)] were finally analyzed. ROSC was confirmed in 5 (25%) patients. Basal and maximal skeletal muscle rSO2 were higher in ROSC compared to NO-ROSC group [49.0% (39.7-53.7) vs. 15.0% (12.0-25.2), P = 0.006; 76.0% (52.7-80.5) vs. 34.0% (18.0-49.5), P = 0.005, respectively]. There was non-linear cubic relationship between time of collapse and basal skeletal muscle rSO2 in witnessed OHCA and without BLS (F-ratio = 9.7713, P = 0.0261). There was correlation between maximal skeletal muscle and brain rSO2 (n = 18, rho: 0.578, P = 0.0121). CONCLUSIONS Recording of skeletal muscle rSO2 during CPR in patients with OHCA is feasible. Basal and maximal skeletal muscle rSO2 were higher in ROSC compared to NO-ROSC group. Clinical trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04058925, registered on: 16th August 2019. URL of trial registry record: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT04058925?titles=Tissue+Oxygenation+During+Cardiopulmonary+Resuscitation+as+a+Predictor+of+Return+of+Spontaneous+Circulation&draw=2&rank=1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Miha Košir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Unit SNMP, Community Health Centre Ljubljana, Bohoričeva Ulica 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hugon Možina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Emergency Department, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Zaloška Cesta 4, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matej Podbregar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov Trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
- Department for Internal Intensive Care, General Hospital Celje, Oblakova Ulica 5, 3000, Celje, Slovenia.
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20
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Vasquez-Bonilla AA, Brazo-Sayavera J, Timón R, Olcina G. Monitoring Muscle Oxygen Asymmetry as a Strategy to Prevent Injuries in Footballers. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2023; 94:609-617. [PMID: 35442862 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2026865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: It has been hypothesized that sports injury risk is explained by muscle metabolism. The objective was to evaluate the muscle oxygen saturation slopes (ΔSmO2 slopes) and muscle oxygenation asymmetry (MO2Asy) at rest and to study their associations with injuries during the pre-season. Methods: A total of 16 male and 10 female footballers participated in this study. Injuries were diagnosed and classified by level of severity during the pre-season. The workload was also evaluated using the rate of perceived exertion × training time, from which the accumulated loads. The SmO2 was measured at rest in the gastrocnemius muscle using the arterial occlusion method in the dominant and non-dominant legs. The repeated measures ANOVA, relative risk, and binary logistic regression were applied to assess the probability of injury with SmO2 and workload. Results: Higher MO2Asy and ΔSmO2 Slope 2 were found among footballer who suffered high-severity injuries and those who presented no injuries. In addition, an MO2Asy greater than 15% and an increase in accumulated load were variables that explained a greater probability of injury. Conclusion: This study presents the new concept of muscle oxygenation asymmetry in sports science and its possible application in injury prevention through the measurement of SmO2 at rest.
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21
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Stephens S, Jaffri A, Saliba S. Local microvascular tissue oxygenation of the intrinsic foot muscles in patients with diabetes: A cross-sectional case-comparison study. Foot (Edinb) 2023; 56:102035. [PMID: 37167703 DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2023.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot-related complications including impaired peripheral circulation and lower limb ulceration are severe consequences for those with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to assess differences in tissue oxygenation and oxygen utilization of the plantar surface intrinsic foot muscles between diabetic participants and healthy comparisons following short foot exercise and a standard walking protocol. METHODS Eighteen participants, 9 with diabetes and 9 healthy age- and sex-matched comparisons, completed two interventions in a randomized order. For the short foot exercise intervention, participants completed 5 sets of 15 intrinsic foot muscle contractions. For the walking intervention, participants completed a modified six-minute walk test. Tissue oxygenation variables including oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and tissue saturation index were measured using near-infrared spectroscopy in quiet stance and during intrinsic foot muscle contraction cycles following each intervention. Means, standard deviations, 95 % confidence intervals, mean differences, and Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated for each tissue oxygenation variable. RESULTS The results of this study indicated no significant group differences in quiet standing tissue oxygenation measures at baseline and following each intervention. Participants in the diabetic group had significantly less change in tissue saturation index during intrinsic foot muscle contractions compared to healthy participants after the short foot exercise intervention (ES= 4.00, P = .0002) and walking intervention (ES= 1.33, P = .015). CONCLUSIONS By utilizing wireless NIRS and novel research methodology, this study was able to explore changes in plantar surface tissue oxygenation of the intrinsic foot muscles following a targeted short foot exercise intervention as well as a standard walking protocol in patients diagnosed with diabetes compared to age- and sex- matched individuals without diabetes. We identified that diabetic participants presented with less oxygen utilization during intrinsic foot muscle contractions performed following both exercise interventions compared to their healthy age- and sex- matched comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Stephens
- University of Virginia, Department of Kinesiology, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
| | - Abbis Jaffri
- Creighton University, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Susan Saliba
- University of Virginia, Department of Kinesiology, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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22
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Zhao F, Tomita M, Dutta A. Operational Modal Analysis of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Measure of 2-Month Exercise Intervention Effects in Sedentary Older Adults with Diabetes and Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1099. [PMID: 37509027 PMCID: PMC10377417 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13071099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators) found that diabetes significantly increases the overall burden of disease, leading to a 24.4% increase in disability-adjusted life years. Persistently high glucose levels in diabetes can cause structural and functional changes in proteins throughout the body, and the accumulation of protein aggregates in the brain that can be associated with the progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). To address this burden in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a combined aerobic and resistance exercise program was developed based on the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine. The prospectively registered clinical trials (NCT04626453, NCT04812288) involved two groups: an Intervention group of older sedentary adults with T2DM and a Control group of healthy older adults who could be either active or sedentary. The completion rate for the 2-month exercise program was high, with participants completing on an average of 89.14% of the exercise sessions. This indicated that the program was practical, feasible, and well tolerated, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was also safe, requiring minimal equipment and no supervision. Our paper presents portable near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based measures that showed muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2), i.e., the balance between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption in muscle, drop during bilateral heel rise task (BHR) and the 6 min walk task (6MWT) significantly (p < 0.05) changed at the post-intervention follow-up from the pre-intervention baseline in the T2DM Intervention group participants. Moreover, post-intervention changes from pre-intervention baseline for the prefrontal activation (both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) showed statistically significant (p < 0.05, q < 0.05) effect at the right superior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral, during the Mini-Cog task. Here, operational modal analysis provided further insights into the 2-month exercise intervention effects on the very-low-frequency oscillations (<0.05 Hz) during the Mini-Cog task that improved post-intervention in the sedentary T2DM Intervention group from their pre-intervention baseline when compared to active healthy Control group. Then, the 6MWT distance significantly (p < 0.01) improved in the T2DM Intervention group at post-intervention follow-up from pre-intervention baseline that showed improved aerobic capacity and endurance. Our portable NIRS based measures have practical implications at the point of care for the therapists as they can monitor muscle and brain oxygenation changes during physical and cognitive tests to prescribe personalized physical exercise doses without triggering individual stress response, thereby, enhancing vascular health in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Machiko Tomita
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Anirban Dutta
- School of Engineering, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN67TS, UK
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23
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McGranahan MJ, Kibildis SW, McCully KK, O'Connor PJ. Evaluation of inter-rater and test-retest reliability for near-infrared spectroscopy reactive hyperemia measures. Microvasc Res 2023; 148:104532. [PMID: 36963482 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive tool used to measure blood flow in peripheral tissues. More information on inter-rater agreement and test-retest reliability of NIRS-based reperfusion assessments is needed. PURPOSE To assess inter-rater agreement for NIRS based data analysis, and evaluate the measurement's reliability across days. METHODS On three separate days (average days between visits 1 and 3: 19.4 ± 6.9 days), participants' (N = 15 males, 22 ± 2 yr.) post-occlusion reactive hyperemia (PORH) was measured in the left gastrocnemius muscle using Continuous-Wave NIRS (CW-NIRS). A blood pressure cuff was placed proximal to the knee and inflated to occlude lower leg blood flow for 5 min. The following CW-NIRS parameters were selected: (1) percent saturation in HbO2 (StO2%) at baseline; (2) the O2Hb range used to normalize the NIRS signal; (3) the time for the O2Hb signal to reach 50 % peak post-occlusion hyperemia (T1/2), and (4) the post peak hyperemic O2Hb recovery slope (O2REC-SLP). Absolute agreement between the two analysts was calculated using two-way random effects Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC2,1). Consistency between analysts and across days was calculated using two-way mixed models (ICC3,1). Mean and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of ICCs are reported. Coefficient of variation (CV) and standard error of the measurement (SEM) are reported. RESULTS The ICC2,1 data indicated "adequate" to "excellent" absolute agreement between the two NIRS analysts. ICC2,3 data indicated "adequate" to "good" reliability across visits. The CV and SEM for rater 1 and rater 2 across visit were StO2 (CV: 3.79 % ± 2.71 % and 4.50 % ± 2.37 %; SEM: 3.42 and 3.82), O2Hb range (CV: 10.50 ± 5.93 and 12.79 ± 12.41; SEM: 3.26 and 4.71), T1/2 (CV: 11.15 % ± 5.52 % and 10.96 % ± 4.50; SEM: 1.22 and 1.11), and O2REC-SLP (CV: 19.49 % ± 9.99 % and 18.45 % ± 9.48 %; SEM: 0.04 and 0.04). CONCLUSION It is concluded that NIRS parameters assessed show adequate reliability between analysts and across three visits. It is recommended, when feasible and because of the absence of 100 % reliability, that investigators employ more than one rater for scoring at least a portion of the data across each trial in a study's control condition in order to have the ability to estimate the magnitude of error attributable to imperfect reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa J McGranahan
- University of Georgia, Department of Kinesiology, Athens, GA 30602-6554, United States of America.
| | - Samuel W Kibildis
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Department of Kinesiology, Greensboro, NC, United States of America
| | - Kevin K McCully
- University of Georgia, Department of Kinesiology, Athens, GA 30602-6554, United States of America
| | - Patrick J O'Connor
- University of Georgia, Department of Kinesiology, Athens, GA 30602-6554, United States of America
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Cogan B, Pearson RC, Paton CM, Jenkins NT, Cooper JA. Pecan-enriched diet improves cholesterol profiles and enhances postprandial microvascular reactivity in older adults. Nutr Res 2023; 111:44-58. [PMID: 36822079 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pecan-enriched diets have been linked to improved lipid metabolism; however, the impact of pecans on vascular health has yet to be examined. We hypothesized that 4 weeks of a pecan-enriched diet would improve fasting and postprandial blood lipids and vascular function compared with a nut-free diet. In this randomized control study, 44 older adults (59 ± 6 years) consumed 68 g of pecans/d (pecan; n = 21) or avoided all nuts (control; n = 23) for 4 weeks. At pre- and post-diet visits, fasting and postprandial blood lipids, macrovascular (by flow-mediated dilation), and microvascular (tissue saturation index reactive hyperemia [RH] kinetics by continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy) function were assessed. From the pre- to post-diet visit, there were greater reductions in fasting total cholesterol (pecan: -14 ± 4.0 vs control: -0.2 ± 5.4 mg/dL; P = .04), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (pecan: -15 ± 3.7 vs control: +1.9 ± 4.4 mg/dL; P = .01), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (pecan: -15 ± 3.6 vs control: -0.5 ± 4.8 mg/dL; P = .02), LDL particle number (pecan: -126 ± 51 vs control: +43 ± 42 nmol/L; P = .01), and LDL medium (pecan: -34 ± 13 vs control: +16 ± 11 nmol/L; P < .01), for pecan vs control. Further, postprandial triglyceride was suppressed for pecan (P = .01) compared with control (P = .78). Postprandial RH slope (P = .04) and RH time to half (P = .004) was different by group, driven by improvements in pecan vs control. However, fasting macro- and microvascular function was unaffected. Daily pecan consumption for 4 weeks improved fasting and postprandial blood lipids and microvascular reactivity in older adults. Because changes in microvascular function typically precipitate macrovascular changes, long-term pecan consumption may improve vascular health and reduce risk for cardiovascular events. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04385537).
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy Cogan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Regis C Pearson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Chad M Paton
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA; Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Nathan T Jenkins
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jamie A Cooper
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
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Effect of Lower Limb Venous Dilation on the Autonomic Cardiac Response among Healthy Young Men. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040548. [PMID: 36833082 PMCID: PMC9957185 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Venous occlusion of the lower limbs, which simulates edema, can alter heart rate variability (HRV) by increasing feedback information from group III/IV sensory fibers. Our aim was to quantify this effect among healthy young men. The study group included 13 men (mean age, 20.4 years). Venous occlusion of the lower limbs was induced using a pressure cuff around both thighs. The effect of occlusion on autonomic cardiac response was quantified under occlusion pressures of 20, 60, and 100 mmHg. Compression was applied for 5 min. HRV was evaluated from changes in the low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) power of the electrocardiogram and the resulting LF/HF balance. Near-infrared spectroscopy of the leg was used to quantify the effects of occlusion on deoxyhemoglobin, measured as the area under the curve (HHb-AUC). The occlusion pressure of 100 mmHg induced a significant increase in the LF/HF ratio, compared to the baseline (p < 0.05). HHb-AUC was highest for the 100 mmHg occlusion pressure compared with the 20 and 60 mmHg pressures (p < 0.01). These findings indicate that venous dilation may elicit a shift towards sympathetic dominance in the autonomic balance.
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26
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Biddulph B, Morris JG, Lewis M, Hunter K, Sunderland C. Reliability of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with and without Compression Tights during Exercise and Recovery Activities. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:sports11020023. [PMID: 36828308 PMCID: PMC9965473 DOI: 10.3390/sports11020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is widely used in sports science research, despite the limited reliability of available data. The aim of the present study was to assess the reliability of NIRS with and without compression tights. Thirteen healthy active males, (age 21.5 ± 2.7 years, body mass 82.1 ± 11.2 kg, BMI 24.6 ± 3.2 kg·m-2) completed four trials (two control trials and two trials using compression tights) over a 28-day period. During each trial, participants completed 20 min each of laying supine, sitting, walking (4 km·h-1), jogging, and sitting following the jogging. An NIRS device was attached to the muscle belly of the vastus lateralis and gastrocnemius and recorded tissue saturation index (TSI), muscle oxygenation, and muscle deoxygenation. Systematic bias and 95% limits of agreement (LOA) and coefficient of variation (CV) were used to report reliability measures for each activity type. For TSI, systematic bias (LOA) at the gastrocnemius during the control and tights trial ranged from -0.4 to 1.7% (4.4 to 10.3%) and -1.9 to 3.5% (8.1 to 12.0%), respectively. For the vastus lateralis, the systematic bias (LOA) for the control trial ranged from -2.4 to 1.0% (5.1 to 6.9%) and for the tights trial was -0.8 to 0.6% (7.0 to 9.5%). For TSI, the CV during the control trial ranged from 1.7 to 4.0% for the gastrocnemius and 1.9 to 2.6% for the vastus lateralis. During the tights trials, the CV ranged from 3.0 to 4.5% for the gastrocnemius and 2.6 to 3.5% for the vastus lateralis. The CV for muscle oxygenation during the control and tights trials for the gastrocnemius was 2.7 to 6.2% and 1.0 to 8.8% and for the vastus lateralis was 0.6 to 4.0% and 4.0 to 4.5%, respectively. The relative reliability was poorer in the tights trials, but if the aim was to detect a 5% difference in TSI, NIRS would be sufficiently reliable. However, the reliability of muscle oxygenation and deoxygenation varies considerably with activity type, and this should be considered when determining whether to employ NIRS in research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Biddulph
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - John G Morris
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | | | - Kirsty Hunter
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Caroline Sunderland
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement (SHAPE) Research Centre, Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1158486379
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27
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Aviram R, Kima I, Parmet Y, Bassan H, Willigenburg T, Riemer R, Bar-Haim S. Haemodynamics and oxygenation in the lower-limb muscles of young ambulatory adults with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023. [PMID: 36646638 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate muscle haemodynamics and oxygen metabolism in adults with cerebral palsy (CP) at rest and during exercise. METHOD This cross-sectional study included 12 adults with spastic CP (four females, eight males; mean age [SD] 29 years 6 months [7 years 10.8 months]) and 13 typically developing individuals (seven females, six males; mean age [SD] 26 years 6 months [1 year 1.9 months]). Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess changes in muscle blood flow (mBF), muscle oxygen consumption (mVO2 ), and muscle oxygen saturation in the vastus lateralis and rectus femoris muscles during three conditions: rest, low load at 20% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), and high load at 80% MVC. RESULTS MBF was lower in participants with CP than in typically developing participants at rest (p < 0.001) and at 20% MVC (p = 0.007) in both muscles. Increased load caused a reduction in mBF in typically developing participants and an increase in CP. MVO2 in typically developing participants increased from rest to 20% MVC and was reduced at 80% MVC compared with 20% MVC. In participants with CP, there was no change with load in the rectus femoris muscle; however, there was an increase in the vastus lateralis muscle from rest to 20% MVC, and 80% MVC had a similar value. Muscle saturation was higher in participants with CP across all conditions (vastus lateralis, p < 0.001; rectus femoris, p = 0.0518). INTERPRETATION Oxidative metabolism in CP is not limited by oxygen delivery (mBF), because high muscle saturation suggests oxygen availability. Adults with CP demonstrate muscular responses to exercise that are inconsistent with typical high-workload activation, probably because of inefficient fibre recruitment and secondary anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronit Aviram
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Inbar Kima
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Yisrael Parmet
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Haim Bassan
- Child Neurology & Development Center, Shamir Medical Center (Assaf Harofe), Be'er Ya'akov, Israel
| | | | - Raziel Riemer
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
| | - Simona Bar-Haim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel
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Hyngstrom AS, Nguyen JN, Uhrich TD, Wright MT, Gutterman DD, Schmit BD, Durand MJ. Quantification of Tissue Oxygen Saturation in the Vastus Lateralis Muscle of Chronic Stroke Survivors during a Graded Exercise Test. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2023; 34:39-50. [PMID: 36816465 PMCID: PMC9937433 DOI: 10.1097/cpt.0000000000000208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study examined tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) of the vastus lateralis (VL) muscles of chronic stroke survivors during a graded exercise test (GXT). We hypothesized the reduction in StO2 will be blunted in the paretic vs. non-paretic VL during a maximum-effort GXT. Methods Chronic stroke survivors performed a GXT and StO2 of the VL in each leg was measured using near infrared spectroscopy. Twenty-six stroke survivors performed a GXT. Results At rest, there was no difference in StO2 between the paretic and non-paretic VL (65±9% vs. 68±7%, respectively, p=0.32). The maximum change in StO2 from rest during the GXT was greater in the non-paretic vs. the paretic VL (-16±14% vs. -9±10%, respectively, p<0.001). The magnitude of the oxygen resaturation response was also greater in the non-paretic vs. the paretic VL (29±23% vs. 18±15%, respectively, p<0.001). VO2 Peak was associated with the magnitude of the VL StO2 change during (r2=0.54, p<0.0001) and after (r2=0.56, p<0.001) the GXT. Conclusions During a GXT there is a blunted oxygen desaturation response in the paretic vs. the non-paretic VL of chronic stroke survivors. In the paretic VL there was a positive correlation between the oxygen desaturation response during the GXT and VO2 Peak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer N. Nguyen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Toni D. Uhrich
- Department of Physical Therapy, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Michael T. Wright
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - David D. Gutterman
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Brian D. Schmit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Matthew J. Durand
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Yogev A, Arnold J, Nelson H, Clarke DC, Guenette JA, Sporer BC, Koehle MS. The effect of severe intensity bouts on muscle oxygen saturation responses in trained cyclists. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1086227. [PMID: 36909360 PMCID: PMC9995910 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1086227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) quantifies muscle oxygenation (SmO2) during exercise. Muscle oxygenation response to self-paced, severe-intensity cycling remains unclear. Observing SmO2 can provide cycling professionals with the ability to assess muscular response, helping optimize decision-making. We aimed to describe the effect of self-paced severe intensity bouts on SmO2, measured noninvasively by a wearable NIRS sensor on the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle, and examine its reliability. We hypothesized a greater desaturation response with each bout, whereas, between trials, good reliability would be observed. Fourteen recreationally trained, and trained cyclists completed a ramp test to determine the power output (PO) at the respiratory compensation point (RCP). Athletes completed two subsequent visits of 50-minute sessions that included four severe-intensity bouts done at 5% above RCP PO. Muscle oxygenation in the VL was monitored using a wearable NIRS device. Measures included mean PO, heart-rate (HR), cadence, and SmO2 at bout onset, during work (work SmO2), and ΔSmO2. The bouts were compared using a one-way repeated measures ANOVA. For significant differences, a Fisher's least square difference post-hoc analysis was used. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used using trial and bout as main factors. Intraclass correlations (ICC) were used to quantify relative reliability for mean work, and standard error of the measurement (SEM) was used to quantify absolute agreement of mean work SmO2. Both PO and cadence showed no effect of bout or trial. Heart-rate at bout 2 (168 ± 8 bpm) and 4 (170 ± 7 bpm) were higher than bout 1 (160 ± 6 bpm). Onset SmO2 (%) response significantly increased in the final two bouts of the session. Mean work SmO2 increased across bouts, with the highest value displayed in bout 4 (36 ± 22%). ΔSmO2 showed a smaller desaturation response during bout 4 (27 ± 10%) compared to bout 3 (31 ± 10%). Mean work SmO2 ICC showed good reliability (ICC = 0.87), and SEM was 12% (CI 9-15%). We concluded that a non-invasive, affordable, wearable NIRS sensor demonstrated the heterogeneous muscle oxygenation response during severe intensity cycling bouts with good reliability in trained cyclists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assaf Yogev
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, The University of British Columbia, School of Kinesiology, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jem Arnold
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, The University of British Columbia, School of Kinesiology, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hannah Nelson
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, The University of British Columbia, School of Kinesiology, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - David C Clarke
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Sports Analytics Group, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Jordan A Guenette
- Deptartment of Physical Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Research, The University of British Columbia and St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ben C Sporer
- Department of Family Practice, Vancouver Whitecaps FC, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Sports Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michael S Koehle
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, The University of British Columbia, School of Kinesiology, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Sports Analytics Group, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada.,Division of Sports Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Hun Kim S, Beom Shin Y, Shin MJ, Hui Hong C, Huh S, Yoo W, Lee K. Effects of walking with a portable oxygen concentrator on muscle oxygenation while performing normal or pursed-lip breathing in patients with interstitial lung disease: a randomized crossover trial. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2023; 17:17534666231186732. [PMID: 37462163 DOI: 10.1177/17534666231186732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), decreased oxygen saturation (SpO2) reduces physical performance and causes exertional dyspnea. Portable oxygen concentrator (POC) and pursed-lip breathing (PLB) have the potential to improve these parameters in ILD patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of PLB while using a POC during walking in ILD patients. DESIGN Prospective, randomized crossover trial. METHODS We compared two breathing techniques. Participants not trained in PLB received a familiarization session before the first 6-min walking test (6MWT). During the first visit, patients performed the 6MWT under natural breathing (NB1) without oxygen (O2); during the second visit, they performed the 6MWT twice, once each with PLB (PLB1) and natural breathing (NB2) under O2 supplementation, to compare the effectiveness of NB and PLB. RESULTS Twenty participants were recruited; half had exercise-induced desaturation (EID) and half normal SpO2. In the normoxemia group (NG), the difference in the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) between NB1 and PLB1 was 28.8 ± 24.0 m, indicating reduced exercise capacity in PLB1. There were no significant differences in the quadriceps tissue saturation index (TSI), SpO2, and 6MWD between the PLB1 and NB2 in any patient or subgroup. All participants showed a significant increase in the SpO2 at rest, nadir SpO2, and mean SpO2 during the 6MWT with PLB and NB2 using a POC than with NB1. TSI showed a significant improvement at the beginning of 6MWT in ILD patients with EID in the PLB and NB2 condition. CONCLUSION Acute exposure to PLB did not improve symptoms, muscle oxygenation, or SpO2; however, it decreased the walking distance in the normoxemia group. POC improved leg muscle oxygenation in ILD patients with EID. The use of PLB and POC should be prescribed according to disease characteristics and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hun Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jun Shin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital and Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Hui Hong
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate School, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungchul Huh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wanho Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangha Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, 179, Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea. Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Does sex influence near-infrared spectroscopy-derived indicators of microvascular reactivity and the response to acute dietary capsaicin. Microvasc Res 2023; 145:104436. [PMID: 36113667 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2022.104436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with cardiovascular disease development, nitric oxide (NO) deficiencies, and may be limb or sex-specific. Prior in vitro work indicated that the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel-1 (TRPV1) is expressed in human arteries and the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin alters vasodilation in an endothelium-dependent manner; however, it is unknown if this translates in vivo or is limb or sex-dependent. Therefore, we sought to determine if there was limb or sex-specificity in the effect of capsaicin on microvascular function using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) reperfusion slope. In a blinded placebo-controlled crossover design, 45 young males (M: n = 25) and females (F: n = 20), the reperfusion slopes of the forearm and quadriceps were assessed, and a urine sample obtained to assay for nitrate/nitrite (NOx) concentrations and antioxidant capacity after acutely ingesting placebo or capsaicin. Under placebo, females had greater reperfusion rates in both the forearm (M: 0.44 ± 0.24 vs. F: 0.98 ± 0.46 %/sec; p = 0.002, d = -1.50) and quadricep (M: 0.86 ± 0.31 vs. F: 1.17 ± 0.43 %/sec; p = 0.010, d = -0.85). Capsaicin decreased microvascular responsiveness in the forearm of females (placebo: 0.98 ± 0.45 vs. capsaicin: 0.84 ± 0.45 %/sec) as compared to males (placebo: 0.45 ± 0.24 vs. capsaicin: 0.38 ± 0.16 %/sec, interaction p < 0.001, η2 = 0.475). There was a sex*treatment interaction for NOx concentrations, where males increased (placebo: 21.13 ± 12.83 vs. capsaicin: 23.82 ± 13.34 μM), while females decreased (placebo: 22.78 ± 14.40 vs. capsaicin: 14.43 ± 10.01 μM; p = 0.037, η2 = 0.042). Using NIRS to assess microvascular function, there is apparent limb and sex-specificity, and, for the first-time, document that acute oral capsaicin alters reperfusion slope in a sexually divergent manner.
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Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Verdugo-Marchese H, Duclos-Bastías D, Tuesta M, Alvear-Ordenes I. Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Muscle Oxygenation during Vascular Occlusion Testing in Trained Healthy Adult Males. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16766. [PMID: 36554646 PMCID: PMC9779707 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may have an additional effect on cardiovascular autonomic modulation, which could improve the metabolism and vascular function of the muscles. AIM To determine the effects of IMT on vascular and metabolic muscle changes and their relationship to changes in physical performance. METHODS Physically active men were randomly placed into an experimental (IMTG; n = 8) or IMT placebo group (IMTPG; n = 6). For IMT, resistance load was set at 50% and 15% of the maximum dynamic inspiratory strength (S-Index), respectively. Only the IMTG's weekly load was increased by 5%. In addition, both groups carried out the same concurrent training. Besides the S-Index, a 1.5-mile running test, spirometry, and deoxyhemoglobin (HHbAUC during occlusion) and reperfusion tissue saturation index (TSIMB and TSIMP: time from minimum to baseline and to peak, respectively) in a vascular occlusion test were measured before and after the 4-week training program. In addition, resting heart rate and blood pressure were registered. RESULTS IMTG improved compared to IMTPG in the S-Index (Δ = 28.23 ± 26.6 cmH2O), maximal inspiratory flow (MIF: Δ = 0.91 ± 0.6 L/s), maximum oxygen uptake (Δ = 4.48 ± 1.1 mL/kg/min), 1.5-mile run time (Δ = -0.81 ± 0.2 s), TSIMB (Δ = -3.38 ± 3.1 s) and TSIMP (Δ = -5.88 ± 3.7 s) with p < 0.05. ΔVO2max correlated with S-Index (r = 0.619) and MIF (r = 0.583) with p < 0.05. Both ΔTSIMB and TSIMP correlated with ΔHHbAUC (r = 0.516 and 0.596, respectively) and with Δ1.5-mile run time (r = 0.669 and 0.686, respectively) with p < 0.05. CONCLUSION IMT improves vascular function, which is related to additional improvements in physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- School of Education, Pedagogy in Physical Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
| | | | - Daniel Duclos-Bastías
- School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2374631, Chile
| | - Marcelo Tuesta
- Laboratory of Sports Sciences, Centro de Medicina Deportiva Sports MD, Viña del Mar 2521156, Chile
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Ildefonso Alvear-Ordenes
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
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The Value of Infrared Thermography to Assess Foot and Limb Perfusion in Relation to Medical, Surgical, Exercise or Pharmacological Interventions in Peripheral Artery Disease: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123007. [PMID: 36553014 PMCID: PMC9777328 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared thermography (IRT) is a promising imaging method in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD). This systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date overview of the employment of IRT as both a diagnostic method and an outcome measure in PAD patients in relation to any kind of intervention. On September 2022, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and gray literature were screened. Eligible articles employing IRT in PAD were screened for possible inclusion. The RoB 2.0 tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Twenty-one eligible articles were finally included, recruiting a total of 1078 patients. The IRT was used for PAD diagnosis/monitoring in 11 studies or to assess the effect of interventions (revascularization, pharmacological therapy, or exercise rehabilitation) in 10 studies. The analysis of the included papers raised high concerns about the overall quality of the studies. In conclusion, IRT as a noninvasive technique showed promising results in detecting foot perfusion in PAD patients. However, limits related to devices, points of reference, and measurement conditions need to be overcome by properly designed trials before recommending its implementation in current vascular practice.
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Yeh TS, Lei TH, Barnes MJ, Zhang L. Astragalosides Supplementation Enhances Intrinsic Muscle Repair Capacity Following Eccentric Exercise-Induced Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14:4339. [PMID: 36297022 PMCID: PMC9608496 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Astragalosides have been shown to enhance endurance exercise capacity in vivo and promote muscular hypertrophy in vitro. However, it remains unknown whether astragalosides supplementation can alter inflammatory response and enhance muscle recovery after damage in humans. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effect of astragalosides supplementation on muscle's intrinsic capacity to regenerate and repair itself after exercise-induced damage. Using a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design, eleven male participants underwent 7 days of astragalosides supplementation (in total containing 4 mg of astragalosides per day) or a placebo control, following an eccentric exercise protocol. Serum blood samples and variables related to muscle function were collected prior to and immediately following the muscle damage protocol and also at 2 h, and 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 days of the recovery period, to assess the pro-inflammatory cytokine response, the secretion of muscle regenerative factors, and muscular strength. Astragalosides supplementation reduced biomarkers of skeletal muscle damage (serum CK, LDH, and Mb), when compared to the placebo, at 1, 2, and 3 days following the muscle damage protocol. Astragalosides supplementation suppressed the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α, whilst increasing the release of IGF-1 during the initial stages of muscle recovery. Furthermore, following astragaloside supplementation, muscular strength returned to baseline 2 days earlier than the placebo. Astragalosides supplementation shortens the duration of inflammation, enhances the regeneration process and restores muscle strength following eccentric exercise-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Shao Yeh
- School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Tze-Huan Lei
- College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi 435002, China
| | - Matthew J. Barnes
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Tuesta M, Yáñez-Sepúlveda R, Verdugo-Marchese H, Mateluna C, Alvear-Ordenes I. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Used to Assess Physiological Muscle Adaptations in Exercise Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11071073. [PMID: 36101451 PMCID: PMC9312707 DOI: 10.3390/biology11071073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, physical exercise has been used as a therapeutic strategy in various clinical conditions, with pleiotropic benefits. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been positioned as a tool to analyze effects on muscle oxygenation, also allowing knowledge of adaptations on microvascular levels and muscle metabolism in subjects with central and peripheral vascular alterations, as well as cardiovascular, metabolic, and/or musculoskeletal diseases. This knowledge can help to guide therapeutic exercise specialists in decision making regarding the prescription and follow up of physical exercise as a therapeutic tool in the observation of acute or chronic adaptations to improve efficiency in the treatment and recovery of these patients. This review presents an overview of the effects of exercise clinical trials on muscle oxygenation in different pathologies and the technical characteristics related to the equipment used. Abstract Using muscle oxygenation to evaluate the therapeutic effects of physical exercise in pathologies through near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is of great interest. The aim of this review was to highlight the use of muscle oxygenation in exercise interventions in clinical trials and to present the technological characteristics related to the equipment used in these studies. PubMed, WOS, and Scopus databases were reviewed up to December 2021. Scientific articles that evaluated muscle oxygenation after exercise interventions in the sick adult population were selected. The PEDro scale was used to analyze the risk of bias (internal validity). The results were presented grouped in tables considering the risk of bias scores, characteristics of the devices, and the effects of exercise on muscle oxygenation. All the stages were carried out using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The search strategy yielded 820 clinical studies, of which 18 met the eligibility criteria. This review detailed the characteristics of 11 NIRS devices used in clinical trials that used physical exercise as an intervention. The use of this technology made it possible to observe changes in muscle oxygenation/deoxygenation parameters such as tissue saturation, oxyhemoglobin, total hemoglobin, and deoxyhemoglobin in clinical trials of patients with chronic disease. It was concluded that NIRS is a non-invasive method that can be used in clinical studies to detect the effects of physical exercise training on muscle oxygenation, hemodynamics, and metabolism. It will be necessary to unify criteria such as the measurement site, frequency, wavelength, and variables for analysis. This will make it possible to compare different models of exercise/training in terms of time, intensity, frequency, and type to obtain more precise conclusions about their benefits for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Tuesta
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile;
- Laboratory of Sport Sciences, Centro de Medicina Deportiva Sports MD, Viña del Mar 2521156, Chile;
| | - Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
- School of Education, Pedagogy in Physical Education, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
| | | | - Cristián Mateluna
- Physical Education School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2530388, Chile;
| | - Ildefonso Alvear-Ordenes
- Applied Physiology Laboratory (FISAP), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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Jones S, Tillin T, Williams S, Rapala A, Chaturvedi N, Hughes AD. Skeletal Muscle Tissue Saturation Changes Measured Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy During Exercise Are Associated With Post-Occlusive Reactive Hyperaemia. Front Physiol 2022; 13:919754. [PMID: 35874520 PMCID: PMC9304617 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.919754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring local haemodynamics in skeletal muscle has the potential to provide valuable insight into the oxygen delivery to tissue, especially during high demand situations such as exercise. The aim of this study was to compare the skeletal muscle microvascular response during post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) with the response to exercise, each measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and to establish if associations exist between muscle measures and exercise capacity or sex. Participants were from a population-based cohort study, the Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study. Skeletal muscle measures included changes in tissue saturation index at the onset of exercise (∆TSIBL-INC) and across the whole of exercise (∆TSIBL-EE), time to 50%, 95% and 100% PORH, rate of PORH recovery, area under the curve (AUC) and total oxygenated Haemoglobin (oxy-Hb) change during PORH. Exercise capacity was measured using a 6-min stepper test (6MST). Analysis was by multiple linear regression. In total, 558 participants completed the 6MST with NIRS measures of TSI (mean age±SD: 73 ± 7years, 59% male). A sub-set of 149 participants also undertook the arterial occlusion. Time to 100% PORH, recovery rate, AUC and ∆oxy-Hb were all associated with ∆TSIBL-EE (β-coefficient (95%CI): 0.05 (0.01, 0.09), p = 0.012; -47 (-85, -9.9), p = 0.014; 1.7 (0.62, 2.8), p = 0.002; 0.04 (0.002.0.108), p = 0.041, respectively). Time to 95% & 100% PORH, AUC and ∆oxy-Hb were all associated with ∆TSIBL-INC (β-coefficient (95%CI): -0.07 (-0.12,-0.02), p = 0.02; -0.03 (-0.05, -0.003), p = 0.028; 0.85 (0.18, 1.5), p = 0.013 & 0.05 (0.02, 0.09), p = 0.001, respectively). AUC and ∆Oxy-Hb were associated with steps achieved (β-coefficient (95%CI): 18.0 (2.3, 33.7), p = 0.025; 0.86 (0.10, 1.6), p = 0.027). ∆TSIBL-EE was associated with steps and highest VO2 (1.7 (0.49, 2.9), p = 0.006; 7.7 (3.2, 12.3), p = 0.001). ∆TSIBL-INC was associated with steps and VO2 but this difference was attenuated towards the null after adjustment for age, sex and ethnicity. ∆TSIBL-EE was greater in women (3.4 (0.4, 8.9) versus 2.1 (0.3, 7.4), p = 0.017) and ∆TSIBL-INC was lower in women versus men (2.4 (0.2, 10.2) versus 3.2 (0.2, 18.2), p = 0.016). These Local microvascular NIRS-measures are associated with exercise capacity in older adults and several measures can detect differences in microvascular reactivity between a community-based sample of men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siana Jones
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health & Ageing at UCL, Department of Population Science and Experimental Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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[Monitoring of gastrointestinal dysfunction by near-infrared spectroscopy in children with sepsis: a prospective study]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:620-625. [PMID: 35762426 PMCID: PMC9250409 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2202099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the incidence and mortality of gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with sepsis, the application of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in monitoring mesenteric regional tissue oxygen saturation (rSO2), and the association between rSO2 and gastrointestinal dysfunction. METHODS In this prospective study, 79 children with sepsis in the pediatric intensive care unit (sepsis group) and 40 children who underwent physical examination in the Department of Child Healthcare (healthy control group) from January to December, 2021 were enrolled as subjects. The related medical data were collected, including general information on admission and at discharge, treatment during hospitalization, and laboratory examination results. NIRS was used to measure mesenteric rSO2. Clinical characteristics were compared between the patients with and without gastrointestinal dysfunction. RESULTS For the 79 children with sepsis, the incidence rate of gastrointestinal dysfunction was 49% (39/79), and the mortality rate of the children with gastrointestinal dysfunction was 26% (10/39). The children with gastrointestinal dysfunction had a longer duration of mechanical ventilation and a higher 28-day mortality rate (P<0.05). The children with gastrointestinal dysfunction had a significantly lower median rSO2 (64%) than the children without gastrointestinal dysfunction (72%) and the healthy control group (78%) (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There are high incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal dysfunction in children with sepsis, and the reduction in rSO2 may be associated with the development of gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Methods to evaluate vascular function: a crucial approach towards predictive, preventive, and personalised medicine. EPMA J 2022; 13:209-235. [PMID: 35611340 PMCID: PMC9120812 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Endothelium, the gatekeeper of our blood vessels, is highly heterogeneous and a crucial physical barrier with the ability to produce vasoactive and protective mediators under physiological conditions. It regulates vascular tone, haemostasis, vascular inflammation, remodelling, and angiogenesis. Several cardio-, reno-, and cerebrovascular diseases begin with the dysfunction of endothelial cells, and more recently, COVID-19 was also associated with endothelial disease highlighting the need to monitor its function towards prevention and reduction of vascular dysfunction. Endothelial cells are an important therapeutic target in predictive, preventive, and personalised (3P) medicine with upmost importance in vascular diseases. The development of novel non-invasive techniques to access endothelial dysfunction for use in combination with existing clinical imaging modalities provides a feasible opportunity to reduce the burden of vascular disease. This review summarises recent advances in the principles of endothelial function measurements. This article presents an overview of invasive and non-invasive techniques to determine vascular function and their major advantages and disadvantages. In addition, the article describes mechanisms underlying the regulation of vascular function and dysfunction and potential new biomarkers of endothelial damage. Recognising these biomarkers is fundamental towards a shift from reactive to 3P medicine in the vascular field. Identifying vascular dysfunction earlier with non-invasive or minimally invasive techniques adds value to predictive diagnostics and targeted prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary care). In addition, vascular dysfunction is a potential target for treatments tailored to the person.
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Ghidini F, Parolin M, De Corti F, Amigoni A, Fascetti Leon F, Benetti E, Gamba P. Can real-time near-infrared spectroscopy monitoring detect graft venous thrombosis after pediatric kidney transplantation? Pediatr Transplant 2022; 26:e14211. [PMID: 34918432 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A prompt detection of graft venous thrombosis might preserve the transplanted organ. A real-time near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring of the allograft perfusion could fulfill this goal. The aim of this work was to report the trend of allograft perfusion (rSO2) after pediatric kidney transplantation (KT) complicated by graft venous thrombosis. CASE PRESENTATION An infant, affected by end-stage kidney disease due to posterior urethral valves, underwent non-living donor KT. The allograft presented both arterial and venous variants and required a complex bench surgery reconstruction. The perfusion of the allograft was monitored by real-time transcutaneous NIRS. The early post-operative was conditioned by worsening clinical conditions, and a graft venous thrombosis was detected after four hours since the transplantation. NIRS monitoring lasted for 348 minutes. Median lower pole rSO2-value was 65% (IQR 62-66%), while the median upper pole rSO2-value was 70% (IQR 70-71%). These data reflected the congestion of the lower pole, observed at the end of the transplantation. The lower pole showed inferior rSO2 values (p<0.0001). At the end of the monitoring, the decrease in peripheral rSO2, measured in left lower limb as a benchmark, was consistent with the ongoing hypovolemic shock and severe acute anemia. CONCLUSION Transcutaneous NIRS might be a reliable device for monitoring allograft and peripheric perfusion after pediatric KT. The modifications of rSO2 values helped the clinicians manage the patients in the post-operative and early detect acute complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ghidini
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Parolin
- Pediatric Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica De Corti
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Angela Amigoni
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Fascetti Leon
- Pediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Benetti
- Pediatric Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Gamba
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Park SY, Pekas EJ, Anderson CP, Kambis TN, Mishra PK, Schieber MN, Wooden TK, Thompson JR, Kim KS, Pipinos II. Impaired microcirculatory function, mitochondrial respiration, and oxygen utilization in skeletal muscle of claudicating patients with peripheral artery disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 322:H867-H879. [PMID: 35333113 PMCID: PMC9018007 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00690.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease that impairs blood flow and muscle function in the lower limbs. A skeletal muscle myopathy characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage is present in PAD; however, the underlying mechanisms are not well established. We investigated the impact of chronic ischemia on skeletal muscle microcirculatory function and its association with leg skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and oxygen delivery and utilization capacity in PAD. Gastrocnemius samples and arterioles were harvested from patients with PAD (n = 10) and age-matched controls (Con, n = 11). Endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation was assessed in response to flow (30 μL·min-1), acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration was quantified by high-resolution respirometry, microvascular oxygen delivery, and utilization capacity (tissue oxygenation index, TOI) were assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Vasodilation was attenuated in PAD (P < 0.05) in response to acetylcholine (Con: 71.1 ± 11.1%, PAD: 45.7 ± 18.1%) and flow (Con: 46.6 ± 20.1%, PAD: 29.3 ± 10.5%) but not SNP (P = 0.30). Complex I + II state 3 respiration (P < 0.01) and TOI recovery rate were impaired in PAD (P < 0.05). Both flow and acetylcholine-mediated vasodilation were positively associated with complex I + II state 3 respiration (r = 0.5 and r = 0.5, respectively, P < 0.05). Flow-mediated vasodilation and complex I + II state 3 respiration were positively associated with TOI recovery rate (r = 0.8 and r = 0.7, respectively, P < 0.05). These findings suggest that chronic ischemia attenuates skeletal muscle arteriole endothelial function, which may be a key mediator for mitochondrial and microcirculatory dysfunction in the PAD leg skeletal muscle. Targeting microvascular dysfunction may be an effective strategy to prevent and/or reverse disease progression in PAD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ex vivo skeletal muscle arteriole endothelial function is impaired in claudicating patients with PAD, and this is associated with attenuated skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. In vivo skeletal muscle oxygen delivery and utilization capacity is compromised in PAD, and this may be due to microcirculatory and mitochondrial dysfunction. These results suggest that targeting skeletal muscle arteriole function may lead to improvements in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration and oxygen delivery and utilization capacity in claudicating patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Young Park
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Elizabeth J Pekas
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Cody P Anderson
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Tyler N Kambis
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Molly N Schieber
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - TeSean K Wooden
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Jonathan R Thompson
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Surgery and Veterans Affairs Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Iraklis I Pipinos
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
- Department of Surgery and Veterans Affairs Research Service, Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska
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Kilgas MA, Yoon T, McDaniel J, Phillips KC, Elmer SJ. Physiological Responses to Acute Cycling With Blood Flow Restriction. Front Physiol 2022; 13:800155. [PMID: 35360241 PMCID: PMC8963487 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.800155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) can improve muscular function and aerobic capacity. However, the extent to which cuff pressure influences acute physiological responses to aerobic exercise with BFR is not well documented. We compared blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and neuromuscular responses to acute cycling with and without BFR. Ten participants completed four intermittent cycling (6 × 2 min) conditions: low-load cycling (LL), low-load cycling with BFR at 60% of limb occlusion pressure (BFR60), low-load cycling with BFR at 80% of limb occlusion pressure (BFR80), and high-load cycling (HL). Tissue oxygenation, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses were assessed during cycling and blood flow was measured during recovery periods. Pre- to post-exercise changes in knee extensor function were also assessed. BFR60 and BFR80 reduced blood flow (~33 and ~ 50%, respectively) and tissue saturation index (~5 and ~15%, respectively) when compared to LL (all p < 0.05). BFR60 resulted in lower VO2, heart rate, ventilation, and perceived exertion compared to HL (all p < 0.05), whereas BFR80 resulted in similar heart rates and exertion to HL (both p > 0.05). BFR60 and BFR80 elicited greater pain compared to LL and HL (all p < 0.05). After exercise, knee extensor torque decreased by ~18 and 40% for BFR60 and BFR80, respectively (both p < 0.05), and was compromised mostly through peripheral mechanisms. Cycling with BFR increased metabolic stress, decreased blood flow, and impaired neuromuscular function. However, only BFR60 did so without causing very severe pain (>8 on pain intensity scale). Cycling with BFR at moderate pressure may serve as a potential alternative to traditional high-intensity aerobic exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Kilgas
- School of Health and Human Performance, Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, United States
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Tejin Yoon
- Department of Physical Education, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - John McDaniel
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Kevin C Phillips
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
| | - Steven J Elmer
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, United States
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Weston EB, Alizadeh M, Hani H, Knapik GG, Souchereau RA, Marras WS. A physiological and biomechanical investigation of three passive upper-extremity exoskeletons during simulated overhead work. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:105-117. [PMID: 34338595 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1963490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate three passive upper-extremity exoskeletons relative to a control condition. Twelve subjects performed an hour-long, simulated occupational task in a laboratory setting. Independent measures of exoskeleton, exertion height (overhead, head height), time, and their interactions were assessed. Dependent measures included changes in tissue oxygenation (ΔTSI) in the anterior deltoid and middle trapezius, peak resultant lumbar spine loading, and subjective discomfort in various body regions. A statistically significant reduction in ΔTSI between exoskeleton and control was only observed in one instance. Additionally, neither increases in spinal loading nor increases in subjective discomfort ratings were observed for any of the exoskeletons. Ultimately, the exoskeletons offered little to no physiological benefit for the conditions tested. However, the experimental task was not highly fatiguing to the subjects, denoted by low ΔTSI values across conditions. Results may vary for tasks requiring constant arm elevation or higher force demands. Practitioner summary This study quantified the benefits of upper-extremity exoskeletons using NIRS, complementary to prior studies using EMG. The exoskeletons offered little to no physiological benefit for the conditions tested. However, the experimental task was not highly fatiguing, and results may vary for an experimental task with greater demand on the shoulders. Abbreviations: WMSD: work-related musculoskeletal disorder; EMG: electromyography; NIRS: near-infrared spectroscopy; NIR: near-infrared; Hb: haemoglobin; Mb: myoglobin; TSI: tissue saturation index; ATT: adipose tissue thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Weston
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mina Alizadeh
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Hamed Hani
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gregory G Knapik
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Reid A Souchereau
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William S Marras
- Spine Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Paulino Geisel P, Pantuso Monteiro D, de Oliveira Nascimento I, Gomes Pereira DA. Evaluation of functional capacity and muscle metabolism in individuals with peripheral arterial disease with and without diabetes. J Vasc Surg 2021; 75:671-679. [PMID: 34921971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2021.08.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is characterized by intermittent claudication, which interferes with walking and leads to worsening of functional capacity. This mechanism has not been clearly defined in PAD. Thus, the aim of our study was to identify the muscular metabolism and vascular function variables using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and their possible associations with functional capacity in individuals with PAD and secondly to verify the differences in these variables between persons with PAD and diabetes mellitus (DM) and those with PAD without DM. METHODS A total of 39 participants with intermittent claudication were enrolled, 14 of whom had DM. They were assessed for functional capacity by the total distance covered in the treadmill test with the speed and grade constant and for muscle function and metabolism using near-infrared spectroscopy at rest and during the treadmill test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to assess the presence of an association between the variables, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed, considering the total test distance as the dependent variable. The assessment between groups was performed using the independent t test or Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The near-infrared spectroscopy variables related to tissue oxygen saturation in the test recovery phase were correlated with the functional performance during the treadmill test. Thus, those with a longer or slower recovery time and those with greater tissue deoxygenation had walked a shorter distance. A significant difference (P = .049) was noted between those with PAD stratified by DM in the reoxygenation time required for an occlusion. CONCLUSIONS These findings reinforce the hypothesis that peripheral factors related to vascular function and muscular metabolism can affect the walking capacity of persons with PAD and that microvascular dysfunction is more prevalent among those with PAD and DM.
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Smith CM, Salmon OF, Jenkins JR. Effect of moderate and Severe Hypoxic exposure coupled with fatigue on psychomotor vigilance testing, muscle tissue oxygenation, and muscular performance. Curr Res Physiol 2021; 4:243-251. [PMID: 34806034 PMCID: PMC8581267 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of fatigue on muscular performance, oxygenation saturation, and cognition following acute hypoxic exposure at Normoxia, Moderate Hypoxia (MH), and Severe Hypoxia (SH). Methods Twelve males performed 3 sets of leg extensions to failure under Normoxia (FiO2: 21%), MH (Fi02: 15.4%), and SH (Fi02: 12.9%). Heart rate, peripheral oxygenation saturation, total saturation index, psychomotor vigilance testing reaction time, psychomotor vigilance error rate, maximum strength, and repetitions to failure were measured throughout each visit. Results The primary findings indicated that MH and SH resulted in significant decreases in psychomotor vigilance test performance (MH: 388.25–427.17 ms, 0.41–0.33 error rate; SH: 398.17–445.42 ms reaction time, 0.25–1.00 error rate), absolute muscle tissue oxygen saturation (Abs-StO2) (MH:67.22% compared to SH:57.56%), but similar muscular strength, heart rate, and patterns of muscle tissue oxygen saturation responses (StO2%) during fatigue when compared to Normoxia. There was an acute decrease in the ability to remain vigilant and/or respond correctly to visual stimuli as indicated by the worsened reaction time (PVTRT) during MH (FiO2: 15.4%) and increased PVTRT and error rate (PVTE) during SH (FiO2: 12.9%) conditions. Conclusions Acute hypoxic exposure in the current study was not a sufficient stimuli to elicit hypoxic-related changes in HR, muscular strength (1-RM), or repetitions to failure. The SpO2 responses were hypoxic-level dependent with increasing levels of hypoxia resulting in greater and more sustained reductions in SpO2. The combined SpO2 and StO2 responses at MH and SH suggested a balance between the muscles metabolic demand remaining lower than the muscle oxygen diffusion capacity. During the SH condition, Abs-StO2 suggested greater metabolic stress than Normoxia and MH conditions during the fatiguing leg extensions. The patterns of responses for StO2% during the three sets of leg press to failure indicated that exercise is a more potent influencer to muscle oxygenation status than hypoxic conditions (FiO2: 15.4 and 12.9%). Moderate Hypoxia (FiO2: 15.4%) coupled with fatigue resulted in a decrease in reaction time. Severe Hypoxia (FiO2: 12.9%) coupled with fatigue resulted in increased error rate and a decrease in reaction time. Fatigue was the primary influencer on heart rate, muscular strength, and muscular endurance and not hypoxic exposure. Severe Hypoxia (FiO2: 12.9%) resulted in greatly reduced muscle tissue oxygenation saturation before and after fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory M Smith
- Human & Environmental Physiology Laboratory, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Owen F Salmon
- Human & Environmental Physiology Laboratory, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Jasmin R Jenkins
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences PhD Program, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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Acute physiological and perceptual responses to moderate intensity cycling with different levels of blood flow restriction. Biol Sport 2021; 38:437-443. [PMID: 34475624 PMCID: PMC8329982 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2021.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare: i) the physiological and perceptual responses of low-load exercise [(moderate intensity exercise (MI)] with different levels of blood flow restriction (BFR), and ii) MI with BFR on the bike with high intensity (HI) exercise without BFR. The protocol involved large muscle mass exercise at different levels of BFR, and this differentiates our study from others. Twenty-one moderately trained males (age: 24.6 ± 2.4 years; VO2peak: 47.2 ± 7.0 ml.kg-1.min-1, mean ± sd) performed one maximal graded exercise test and seven 5-min constant-load cycling bouts. Six bouts were at MI [40% peak power (Ppeak), 60%VO2peak], one without BFR and five with different levels of BFR (40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% of estimated arterial occlusion pressure). The HI bout (70%Ppeak, 90%VO2peak) was without BFR. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLa), rate of perceived exertion (RPE), and tissue oxygen saturation (TSI) were recorded. Regardless of pressure, HR, BLa and RPE during MI-BFR were higher compared to MI (p < 0.05, ES: moderate to very large), and TSI reduction was greater in MI-BFR than MI (p < 0.05, ES: moderate to large). The responses of VO2, HR, BLa, RPE and TSI induced by the different levels of BFR in MI-BFR were similar. Regardless of pressure, the responses of VO2, HR, BLa and RPE induced by MI-BFR were lower than HI (p < 0.05), except for TSI. TSI change was similar between MI-BFR and HI. It appears that BFR equal to 40% of arterial occlusion pressure is sufficient to reduce TSI when exercising with a large muscle mass.
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Theodorakopoulou MP, Dipla K, Zafeiridis A, Sarafidis P. Εndothelial and microvascular function in CKD: Evaluation methods and associations with outcomes. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13557. [PMID: 33774823 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Endothelial dysfunction, the hallmark of atherosclerosis, is suggested to be involved pathogenetically in cardiovascular and renal disease progression in these patients. METHODS This is a narrative review presenting the techniques and markers used for assessment of microvascular and endothelial function in patients with CKD and discussing findings of the relevant studies on the associations of endothelial dysfunction with co-morbid conditions and outcomes in this population. RESULTS Venous Occlusion Plethysmography was the first method to evaluate microvascular function; subsequently, several relevant techniques have been developed and used in patients with CKD, including brachial Flow-Mediated Dilatation, and more recently, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis. Furthermore, several circulating biomarkers are commonly used in clinical research. Studies assessing endothelial function using the above techniques and biomarkers suggest that endothelial dysfunction occurs early in CKD and contributes to the target organ damage, cardiovascular events, death and progression towards end-stage kidney disease. CONCLUSIONS Older and newer functional methods and several biomarkers have assessed endothelial dysfunction in CKD; accumulated evidence supports an association of endothelial dysfunction with outcomes. Future research with new, non-invasive and easily applicable methods could further delineate the role of endothelial dysfunction on cardiovascular and renal disease progression in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieta P Theodorakopoulou
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Dipla
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Andreas Zafeiridis
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Greece
| | - Pantelis Sarafidis
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Jeong H, Lee HS, Seong M, Baek J, Park K, Kim JG. Changes of Apomorphine-Induced Vaginal Hemodynamics in an Ovariectomized Rat Model Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Probe. J Sex Med 2021; 18:1328-1336. [PMID: 37057459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD) can be caused by the change in vaginal structure due to the decline of estrogen and one of the main symptoms is vaginal dryness. FSAD is a prevalent problem afflicting women all over the world and thus the interest is growing on the matter, but related studies of monitoring FSAD using a non-invasive optical method barely have been carried out. AIM This study aims to investigate the longitudinal changes in female sexual arousal response induced by apomorphine (APO) administration in the ovariectomized rat using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) probe. METHODS To elicit sexual arousal, APO was administered subcutaneously to animals (n = 6) before and after ovariectomy, and the changes in oxyhemoglobin (OHb), deoxyhemoglobin (RHb), total hemoglobin (THb) concentration, and temperature on the vaginal wall after APO administration were monitored bi-weekly for 8 weeks. Furthermore, estradiol hormone, vaginal secretion, and body weight have been measured for comparison with the results from vaginal hemodynamics. RESULTS APO administration caused the increase of vaginal OHb and RHb concentration but a decrease in temperature. The amplitude of OHb, RHb, and THb increase induced by APO gradually decreased over 8 weeks after ovariectomy while the decrease in vaginal temperature became profound. The level of estradiol and vaginal secretions also decreased over 8 weeks after ovariectomy, but bodyweight showed an increasing trend. CONCLUSIONS A comparison between the parameters measured from the NIRS probe and the others (estradiol level, amount of vaginal secretion, and body weight) proved that the NIRS has the potential as a monitoring tool to evaluate female sexual arousal response. Jeong H, Lee HS, Seong M, et al. Changes of Apomorphine-Induced Vaginal Hemodynamics in an Ovariectomized Rat Model Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Probe. J Sex Med 2021;18:1328-1336.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryun Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singpaore
| | - Hyun-Suk Lee
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Myeongsu Seong
- Research center for Intelligent Information Technology, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jaewoo Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kwangsung Park
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae Gwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.
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Attia ABE, Moothanchery M, Li X, Yew YW, Thng STG, Dinish U, Olivo M. Microvascular imaging and monitoring of hemodynamic changes in the skin during arterial-venous occlusion using multispectral raster-scanning optoacoustic mesoscopy. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2021; 22:100268. [PMID: 34026491 PMCID: PMC8122174 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2021.100268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The ability to monitor oxygen delivery in microvasculature plays a vital role in measuring the viability of skin tissue and the probability of recovery. Using currently available clinical imaging tools, it is difficult to observe non-invasive hemodynamic regulation in the peripheral vessels. Here we propose the use of a novel multispectral raster-scanning optoacoustic mesoscopy (RSOM) system for noninvasive clinical monitoring of hemodynamic changes in the skin microvasculature's oxy- (HbO2) and deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb), total hemoglobin (HbT) and oxygen saturation (rsO2). High resolution images of hemoglobin distribution in the skin microvasculature from six healthy volunteers during venous and arterial occlusion, simulating systemic vascular diseases are presented. During venous occlusion, Hb and HbO2 optoacoustic signals showed an increasing trend with time, followed by a drop in the values after cuff deflation. During arterial occlusion, an increase in Hb value and decrease in HbO2 values was observed, followed by a drop in Hb and jump in HbO2 values after the cuff deflation. A decrease in rsO2 values during both venous and arterial occlusion was observed with an increase in value after occlusion release. Using this proof of concept study, hereby we propose multispectral RSOM as a novel tool to measure high resolution hemodynamic changes in microvasculature for investigating systemic vascular diseases on peripheral tissues and also for monitoring inflammatory skin diseases, and its therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalina Binte Ebrahim Attia
- Laboratory of Bio Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Mohesh Moothanchery
- Laboratory of Bio Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Xiuting Li
- Laboratory of Bio Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | | | | | - U.S. Dinish
- Laboratory of Bio Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Malini Olivo
- Laboratory of Bio Optical Imaging, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
- Corresponding authors.
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Kelsch E, Diana JC, Burnet K, Hanson ED, Fryer SF, Credeur DP, Stone KJ, Stoner L. Arterial stiffness responses to prolonged sitting combined with a high-glycemic-index meal: a double-blind, randomized crossover trial. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:229-237. [PMID: 34043475 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00030.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regular exposure to uninterrupted prolonged sitting and the consumption of high-glycemic-index (HGI) meals is independently associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk. Sitting for as little as 1 h can impair the health of both peripheral and central arteries. However, it is currently unknown whether combined acute exposure to uninterrupted prolonged sitting and an HGI meal is more detrimental to global (peripheral and central) vascular health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged sitting (3 h), following the consumption of an HGI or a low-glycemic-index (LGI) meal, on global pulse wave velocity (G-PWV). Eighteen healthy participants [70% female, mean (standard deviation, SD) age = 22.6 (3.1) yr, body mass index (BMI) = 25.5 (6.1) kg/m2] sat for 3 h after consuming an HGI or LGI meal. G-PWV was assessed by incorporating three PWV measures (carotid-femoral, brachial-femoral, and femoral-ankle). The effects of time (PRE vs. POST) and condition (LGI vs. HGI) were analyzed using linear mixed models. Following prolonged sitting, G-PWV increased by 0.29 m/s (i.e., PRE vs. POST). However, the condition (P = 0.987) and time × condition (P = 0.954) effects were nonsignificant. The current findings support previous research showing an increase in arterial stiffness with prolonged sitting. However, in young and healthy adults, the arterial stiffness response was not worsened through HGI meal consumption.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We used novel statistical techniques and study design characteristics to examine how the cardiovascular disruptions due to prolonged sitting are changed after the consumption of low- and high-glycemic-index meals. The current study indicates that changes in arterial stiffness due to prolonged sitting are not worsened in young, healthy adults after the consumption of a high-glycemic-index meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kelsch
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jake C Diana
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kathryn Burnet
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Erik D Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Simon F Fryer
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel P Credeur
- School of Kinesiology and Nutrition, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
| | - Keeron J Stone
- School of Sport and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Gloucester, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Theodorakopoulou MP, Bakaloudi DR, Dipla K, Zafeiridis A, Boutou AK. Vascular endothelial damage in COPD: current functional assessment methods and future perspectives. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:1121-1133. [PMID: 33874819 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1919089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of death in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the relationship between these two entities is not fully understood; smoking, inflammation, arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are significant determinants. Endothelial dysfunction is not only associated with cardiovascular disease, but also with COPD severity.Areas covered: Several functional methods have been developed to evaluate endothelial function in healthy and diseased individuals; from the invasive angiography of epicardial coronary arteries and Venous-Occlusion-Plethysmography, to more modern, noninvasive approaches such as Flow-Mediated-Dilatation, Peripheral-Arterial-Tonometry and Near-Infrared-Spectroscopy, all these methods have boosted clinical research in this field. In this context, this narrative review, which included articles published in PubMed and Scopus up to 25-November-2020, summarizes available functional methods for endothelial damage assessment in COPD and discusses existing evidence on their associations with comorbidities and outcomes in this population.Expert opinion: Accumulated evidence suggests that endothelial dysfunction occurs in early stages of CΟPD and worsens with pulmonary obstruction severity and during acute exacerbations. Novel methods evaluating endothelial function offer a detailed, real-time assessment of different parameters related to vascular function and should be increasingly used to shed more light on the role of endothelial damage on cardiovascular and COPD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieta P Theodorakopoulou
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi
- Department of Nephrology, Hippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantina Dipla
- Exercise Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas Zafeiridis
- Exercise Physiology & Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Sport Sciences at Serres, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afroditi K Boutou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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