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Narendrula A, Brinza E, Horvat Davey C, Longenecker CT, Webel AR. Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e001596. [PMID: 38292295 PMCID: PMC10826575 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The association of physical activity (PA) with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. Clarifying this relationship may inform cardiovascular prevention strategies. Methods We performed a systematic review (CRD42021226089) using Medline, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane (1 January 2000 to 1 September 2023). Studies published with adult populations exploring the relationship between objectively measured PA and subclinical CVD were included. Subclinical CVD was assessed using: ankle-brachial index (ABI); arterial stiffness; carotid artery disease; coronary artery atherosclerosis; endothelial function; and measures of cardiac structure and function. The Risk Of Bias In Non-randomised Studies - of Interventions (ROBINS-I) and Cochrane Risk of Bias tools were used for quality review. Results Of 68 included studies, most supported an inverse relationship between PA and subclinical CVD. Arterial stiffness was the most common outcome (n=40), and 33 studies suggested that less sedentary behaviour (SB), increased PA and/or higher intensity PA was associated with less arterial stiffness. Ten studies of carotid artery disease (total n=18), six of endothelial function (n=10), two of coronary artery disease (n=3) and all of ABI (n=6) suggested that PA or less SB is associated with less subclinical disease. Five studies assessing cardiac structure/function (n=6) suggested alterations in structure/function with PA. Conclusions PA reduces the risk of CVD events, and this systematic review demonstrates that some of the benefits may be mediated by an inverse association between PA and subclinical CVD. Interventions to increase PA are important for CVD prevention, so we provide a comprehensive overview of which surrogate outcome measures may be most useful to assess future CVD prevention interventions. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021226089.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Narendrula
- Internal Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ellen Brinza
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christine Horvat Davey
- Case Western Reserve University Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chris T Longenecker
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Allison R Webel
- University of Washington School of Nursing, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Ekblom-Bak E, Börjesson M, Ekblom Ö, Angerås O, Bergman F, Berntsson C, Carlhäll CJ, Engström G, Engvall J, Fagman E, Flinck A, Johansson P, Jujic A, Kero T, Lind L, Mannila M, Ostenfeld E, Persson A, Persson J, Persson M, Redfors B, Sandberg C, Wennberg P, Öhlin J, Östgren CJ, Jernberg T. Accelerometer derived physical activity and subclinical coronary and carotid atherosclerosis: cross-sectional analyses in 22 703 middle-aged men and women in the SCAPIS study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073380. [PMID: 37996228 PMCID: PMC10668326 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim included investigation of the associations between sedentary (SED), low-intensity physical activity (LIPA), moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) and the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids and the estimated difference in prevalence by theoretical reallocation of time in different PA behaviours. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Multisite study at university hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A total of 22 670 participants without cardiovascular disease (51% women, 57.4 years, SD 4.3) from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study were included. SED, LIPA and MVPA were assessed by hip-worn accelerometer. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES Any and significant subclinical coronary atherosclerosis (CA), Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS) and carotid atherosclerosis (CarA) were derived from imaging data from coronary CT angiography and carotid ultrasound. RESULTS High daily SED (>70% ≈10.5 hours/day) associated with a higher OR 1.44 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.91), for significant CA, and with lower OR 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95), for significant CarA. High LIPA (>55% ≈8 hours/day) associated with lower OR for significant CA 0.70 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.96), and CACS, 0.71 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.97), but with higher OR for CarA 1.41 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.76). MVPA above reference level, >2% ≈20 min/day, associated with lower OR for significant CA (OR range 0.61-0.67), CACS (OR range 0.71-0.75) and CarA (OR range 0.72-0.79). Theoretical replacement of 30 min of SED into an equal amount of MVPA associated with lower OR for significant CA, especially in participants with high SED 0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.96) or low MVPA 0.51 (0.36 to 0.73). CONCLUSIONS MVPA was associated with a lower risk for significant atherosclerosis in both coronaries and carotids, while the association varied in strength and direction for SED and LIPA, respectively. If causal, clinical implications include avoiding high levels of daily SED and low levels of MVPA to reduce the risk of developing significant subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Ekblom-Bak
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for Health and Performance, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
- Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences GIH, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oskar Angerås
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Frida Bergman
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Caroline Berntsson
- Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Carl-Johan Carlhäll
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences and Department of Clinical Physiology, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Engvall
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences and Department of Clinical Physiology, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Erika Fagman
- Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Agneta Flinck
- Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Goteborg, Sweden
| | - Peter Johansson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amra Jujic
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmo, Sweden
| | - Tanja Kero
- Medical Image Centre, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Mannila
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ellen Ostenfeld
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Persson
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Department of Radiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Margaretha Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Redfors
- Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Camilla Sandberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå Universitet, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Patrik Wennberg
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Jerry Öhlin
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Östgren
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Tomas Jernberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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de Sousa MKF, Silva RDM, Freire YA, Souto GC, Câmara M, Cabral LLP, Macêdo GAD, Costa EC, Oliveira RS. Associations between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness with vascular health phenotypes in older adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1096139. [PMID: 37256064 PMCID: PMC10225566 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1096139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: We investigated the associations between physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with vascular health phenotypes in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 82 participants (66.8 ± 5.2 years; 81% females). Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using accelerometers, and CRF was measured using the distance covered in the 6-min walk test (6MWT). The vascular health markers were as follows: i) arterial function measured as aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) estimated using an automatic blood pressure device; and ii) arterial structure measured as the common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Using a combination of normal cIMT and aPWV values, four groups of vascular health phenotypes were created: normal aPWV and cIMT, abnormal aPWV only, abnormal cIMT only, and abnormal aPWV and cIMT. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the beta coefficients (β) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) adjusting for BMI, and medication for diabetes, lipid, and hypertension, sex, age, and blood pressure. Results: Participants with abnormal aPWV and normal cIMT (β = -53.76; 95% CI = -97.73--9.78 m; p = 0.017), and participants with both abnormal aPWV and cIMT (β = -71.89; 95% CI = -125.46--18.31 m; p = 0.009) covered less distance in the 6MWT, although adjusting for age, sex and blood pressure decreased the strength of the association with only groups of abnormal aPWV and cIMT covering a lower 6MWT distance compared to participants with both normal aPWV and cIMT (β = -55.68 95% CI = -111.95-0.59; p = 0.052). No associations were observed between MVPA and the vascular health phenotypes. Conslusion: In summary, poor CRF, but not MVPA, is associated with the unhealthiest vascular health phenotype (abnormal aPWV/cIMT) in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raíssa de Melo Silva
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Yuri Alberto Freire
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Costa Souto
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Marcyo Câmara
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Lucena Pereira Cabral
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Geovani Araújo Dantas Macêdo
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Caldas Costa
- Department of Physical Education, ExCE Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santos Oliveira
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- INTEGRA—Integrative Physiology, Health, and Performance Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Daniele A, Lucas SJE, Rendeiro C. Detrimental effects of physical inactivity on peripheral and brain vasculature in humans: Insights into mechanisms, long-term health consequences and protective strategies. Front Physiol 2022; 13:998380. [PMID: 36237532 PMCID: PMC9553009 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.998380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of physical inactivity in the population highlights the urgent need for a more comprehensive understanding of how sedentary behaviour affects health, the mechanisms involved and what strategies are effective in counteracting its negative effects. Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for different pathologies including atherosclerosis, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. It is known to progressively lead to reduced life expectancy and quality of life, and it is the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. Recent evidence indicates that uninterrupted prolonged sitting and short-term inactivity periods impair endothelial function (measured by flow-mediated dilation) and induce arterial structural alterations, predominantly in the lower body vasculature. Similar effects may occur in the cerebral vasculature, with recent evidence showing impairments in cerebral blood flow following prolonged sitting. The precise molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying inactivity-induced vascular dysfunction in humans are yet to be fully established, although evidence to date indicates that it may involve modulation of shear stress, inflammatory and vascular biomarkers. Despite the steady increase in sedentarism in our societies, only a few intervention strategies have been investigated for their efficacy in counteracting the associated vascular impairments. The current review provides a comprehensive overview of the evidence linking acute and short-term physical inactivity to detrimental effects on peripheral, central and cerebral vascular health in humans. We further examine the underlying molecular and physiological mechanisms and attempt to link these to long-term consequences for cardiovascular health. Finally, we summarize and discuss the efficacy of lifestyle interventions in offsetting the negative consequences of physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Daniele
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel J. E. Lucas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catarina Rendeiro
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Catarina Rendeiro,
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Du L, Li G, Ren P, He Q, Pan Y, Chen S, Zhang X. Associations between Objectively Measured Patterns of Sedentary Behavior and Arterial Stiffness in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Women. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022; 22:374-381. [PMID: 36059202 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Arterial stiffness is an important risk factor of arteriosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with increased risk for chronic cardiovascular diseases and poor health outcomes. This study aims to investigate the associations of objectively measured patterns of SB with arterial stiffness in Chinese community-dwelling older women. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional data were derived from the baseline survey of the Physical Activity and Health in Older Women Study (PAHIOWS). Arterial stiffness was evaluated through cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), CAVI ≥ 9 was defined as cutoff point. SB patterns including sedentary time in SB bouts of ≥10, 30 and 60 min, number of SB bouts ≥ 10, 30 and 60 min, were measured via tri-axial accelerometers. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate associations of different SB patterns with arterial stiffness. Of the total 1125 women aged 60-70, the prevalence of CAVI ≥ 9 was 25.8%. After adjustment for confounding factors, only sedentary time in SB bout ≥ 30 min and 60 min, number of SB bouts ≥ 60 min were associated with arterial stiffness, with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.06 (1.00-1.12) and 1.11 (1.03-1.20) per 30 min increase per day, 1.35 (1.05-1.74) per bout per day, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Longer duration of prolonged SB periods was associated with higher level of arterial stiffness. Shortening and interrupting accumulated periods of SB may be an achievable strategy to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease in self-care and cardiovascular nursing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litao Du
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, China
| | - Guangkai Li
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, China
| | - Pengfei Ren
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, China
| | - Qiang He
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, China
| | - Yang Pan
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, China
| | - Si Chen
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, China
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Kim S, Singh H. Sex-specific associations among total bone-specific physical activity score, aortic parameters, and body composition in healthy young adults. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:27-31. [PMID: 34976077 PMCID: PMC8683586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Physical inactivity is one of the major cardiovascular disease risk factors; however, not much is known regarding lifetime bone-specific physical activity and arterial stiffness. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether total bone-specific physical activity score (tBPAQ) was related to arterial stiffness and body composition in healthy young adults. Methods Healthy young women (n = 56, 20.3 ± 1.3 years) and men (n = 52, 21.0 ± 1.2 years) between 18 and 25 years were recruited for this study. The tBPAQ was used to obtain a comprehensive account of lifetime bone-loading physical activity. We measured the carotid to femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) to evaluate arterial stiffness using the novel oscillometric device (SphygmoCor XCEL). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone free lean body mass (BFLBM, kg) and % total body fat. Results Partial correlations analyses showed a significant inverse relationship between tBPAQ and cfPWV (r = - 0.371, p = 0.007) in young women; however, this relationship was not found in young men (p > 0.05). There were significant negative correlations between tBPAQ and % total body fat in both young women (r = - 0.265, p = 0.048) and men (r = - 0.327, p = 0.018). No significant relationships were found between tBPAQ and BFLBM (p > 0.05). Conclusion Our study provides preliminary evidence of sex-specificity of negative relationships of tBPAQ with i) cfPWV (women only) and ii) % total body fat (men and women). Whether bone-loading physical activity can lead to better cardiometabolic outcomes needs to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoJung Kim
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, School of Nursing & Health Professions, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ, 08028, USA
| | - Harshvardhan Singh
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama, 1716 9th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
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Peçanha T, Bannell DJ, Sieczkowska SM, Goodson N, Roschel H, Sprung VS, Low DA. Effects of physical activity on vascular function in autoimmune rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:3107-3120. [PMID: 33521818 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize existing evidence and quantify the effects of physical activity on vascular function and structure in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs). METHODS Databases were searched (through March 2020) for clinical trials evaluating the effects of physical activity interventions on markers of micro- and macrovascular function and macrovascular structure in ARDs. Studies were combined using random effects meta-analysis, which was conducted using Hedges' g. Meta-analyses were performed on each of the following outcomes: microvascular function [i.e. skin blood flow or vascular conductance responses to acetylcholine (ACh) or sodium nitropusside (SNP) administration]; macrovascular function [i.e. brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD%) or brachial responses to glyceryl trinitrate (GTN%); and macrovascular structure [i.e. aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV)]. RESULTS Ten studies (11 trials) with a total of 355 participants were included in this review. Physical activity promoted significant improvements in microvascular [skin blood flow responses to ACh, g = 0.92 (95% CI 0.42, 1.42)] and macrovascular function [FMD%, g = 0.94 (95% CI 0.56, 1.02); GTN%, g = 0.53 (95% CI 0.09, 0.98)]. Conversely, there was no evidence for beneficial effects of physical activity on macrovascular structure [PWV, g = -0.41 (95% CI -1.13, 0.32)]. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the available clinical trials demonstrated a beneficial effect of physical activity on markers of micro- and macrovascular function but not on macrovascular structure in patients with ARDs. The broad beneficial impact of physical activity across the vasculature identified in this review support its role as an effective non-pharmacological management strategy for patients with ARDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Peçanha
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel J Bannell
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
| | - Sofia Mendes Sieczkowska
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicola Goodson
- Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Rheumatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victoria S Sprung
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
| | - David A Low
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University
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Lopes S, Mesquita-Bastos J, Garcia C, Leitão C, Bertoquini S, Ribau V, Carvalho P, Oliveira J, Viana J, Figueiredo D, Guimarães GV, Polonia J, Alves AJ, Ribeiro F. Physical Activity is Associated With Lower Arterial Stiffness in Patients With Resistant Hypertension. Heart Lung Circ 2021; 30:1762-1768. [PMID: 34417116 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is associated with reduced arterial stiffness, although such a relationship has not been reported in those with resistant hypertension. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between daily physical activity and arterial stiffness in patients with resistant hypertension. METHODS Fifty-seven (57) patients with resistant hypertension (50.9% men), aged 58.8±9.4 years, were consecutively recruited. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). Daily physical activity was objectively assessed with accelerometers during 7 consecutive days. RESULTS Patients had a body mass index of 29.0±4.0 kg/m2 (84.3% overweight/obese) and were taking an average 4.5 antihypertensive medications. Overall, the cf-PWV was 9.2±2.4 m/s and the majority of participants (n=41, 71.9%) presented a cf-PWV <10 m/s. The cf-PWV showed an inverse correlation with light-intensity physical activity (r = -0.290, p=0.029) and total daily physical activity (r = -0.287, p=0.030). The correlation between light physical activity and cf-PWV remained significant after adjustment for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but lost significance when further adjusted for age. CONCLUSIONS Higher daily levels of light-intensity and total physical activity were associated with lower arterial stiffness. Nonetheless, this association is weak and attenuated or abolished when adjusted for blood pressure and age. These results suggest that physical activity may play an important role as a lifestyle intervention for patients with resistant hypertension. Future studies with larger samples sizes are necessary to confirm this preliminary data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Lopes
- Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Mesquita-Bastos
- Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Cardiology Department, Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Catarina Garcia
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development - CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Cátia Leitão
- I3N, Department of Physics, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Bertoquini
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, & Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Unit, ULS Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Verónica Ribau
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Carvalho
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Infante D. Pedro, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Oliveira
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Viana
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development - CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Daniela Figueiredo
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS.UA), School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Guilherme V Guimarães
- University of São Paulo (USP), School of Medicine, Heart Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Polonia
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, & Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Unit, ULS Matosinhos, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Alberto J Alves
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health and Human Development - CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Fernando Ribeiro
- Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Nosrati-Oskouie M, Arefinia S, Eslami Hasan Abadi S, Norouzy A, Khedmatgozar H, Aghili-Moghaddam NS, Alinezhad-Namaghi M, Shadmand Foumani Moghadam MR, Rezvani R. Evaluation of non-invasive arterial stiffness parameters and their relationship with physical activity, anthropometric indices and lipid profiles in healthy middle-aged adults: Results of the PERSIAN cohort study. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14275. [PMID: 33914387 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness (AS) indicates the initial stage of cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is associated with modifiable and lifestyle risk factors. We aimed to examine the association of AS with anthropometric indices, lipid profiles and physical activity (PA). METHODS Six hundred and fifty-eight healthy middle-aged adults were selected and anthropometric indices [body mass index, waist circumferences (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), neck circumferences, a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), body fat mass (BFM), visceral fat area, fat-free mass (FFM), lipid profiles and PA] were measured. AS is measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and central augmentation index (cAIx). RESULTS Our results show that cf-PWV was positively associated with TGs (β = 0.10, P = .01) and anthropometric indices correlated with WC (β = 0.11, P = .02), WHR (β = 0.09, P = .03), WHtR (β = 0.1, P = .02) and BRI (β = 0.09, P = .04). cAIx was independently positively associated with cholesterol (β = 0.08, P = .03), WC (β = 0.1, P = .03), WHR (β = 0.09, P = .02), ABSI (β = 0.09, P = .01), BRI (β = 0.08, P = .05), visceral fat area (β = 0.09, P = .03) and BFM (β = 0.08, P = .04) and negatively associated with PA (β = -0.08, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS WC, WHR and BRI were associated with both cf-PWV and cAIx. TGs and WHtR were associated with cf-PWV, while cAIx was associated with ABSI, improving these indices may be helpful to prevent CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nosrati-Oskouie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajjad Arefinia
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Department of nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Eslami Hasan Abadi
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Norouzy
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Khedmatgozar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nazanin Sadat Aghili-Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Department of nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Alinezhad-Namaghi
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Reza Rezvani
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Gupta N, Dumuid D, Korshøj M, Jørgensen MB, Søgaard K, Holtermann A. Is Daily Composition of Movement Behaviors Related to Blood Pressure in Working Adults? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 50:2150-2155. [PMID: 30222689 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To investigate the association of the daily composition of time spent sedentary, in light physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and time in bed (movement behaviors) with blood pressure (BP) among white- and blue-collar workers. METHODS Systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) and body mass index of 827 workers were objectively measured. Daily composition of movement behaviors was derived from an Actigraph placed on the thigh for 1 to 5 d using the Acti4 software (2012-2013). The composition was expressed as isometric log-ratios. The cross-sectional associations between daily movement behavior composition and BP were investigated using the Compositional Data Analysis approach. The associations were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, lift/carry duration, medication intake, and job sector. RESULTS Daily composition of time spent in movement behaviors was significantly associated with SBP (F = 2.84, P = 0.04), but not DBP (F = 0.48, P = 0.69). Specifically, time reallocation to sedentary time and light physical activity from the remaining behaviors was deleteriously associated with SBP, whereas time reallocation to time in bed and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity from the remaining behaviors was beneficially associated with SBP. However, the results were only significant for time spent sedentary (P = 0.01) and in bed (P = 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Daily composition of movement behaviors is associated with SBP among workers. Spending more time sedentary compared with other behaviors was deleteriously associated with SBP, whereas spending more time in bed was beneficially associated with SBP. How time is spent in different movement behaviors throughout the day is important for BP and needs to be further investigated to be included in future clinical practice guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Gupta
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | - Dorothea Dumuid
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, AUSTRALIA
| | - Mette Korshøj
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | | | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DENMARK.,Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics and Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, DENMARK
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11
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Physical Activity is Inversely Associated With Arterial Stiffness in Adult Males: A Brief Communication. Heart Lung Circ 2019; 28:e29-e32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Lazaros G, Oikonomou E, Vogiatzi G, Christoforatou E, Tsalamandris S, Goliopoulou A, Tousouli M, Mystakidou V, Chasikidis C, Tousoulis D. The impact of sedentary behavior patterns on carotid atherosclerotic burden: Implications from the Corinthia epidemiological study. Atherosclerosis 2019; 282:154-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Walker TJ, Heredia NI, Lee M, Laing ST, Fisher-Hoch SP, McCormick JB, Reininger BM. The combined effect of physical activity and sedentary behavior on subclinical atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional study among Mexican Americans. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:161. [PMID: 30727990 PMCID: PMC6366018 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6439-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity and sedentary behavior are considered independent risk factors for chronic disease. However, we do not fully understand their interrelation with key health outcomes such as subclinical atherosclerosis. This study examines the combined effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and presence of carotid plaque in a Mexican American population on the Texas-Mexico border. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using retrospective data from a sample (n = 612) of participants from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort. Carotid ultrasound was used to measure cIMT and presence of carotid plaque. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess leisure time physical activity and sedentary behavior (TV/movie sitting and total sitting). A series of multivariable regression models were used to assess study aims. An interaction term between physical activity and sedentary behavior was included in models for each respective outcome. Models were controlled for demographic and health-related variables. RESULTS There were no significant associations found between physical activity, sedentary behavior and mean cIMT, or cIMT thickness ≥ 75th percentile for age and gender. However, there was a significant interaction between physical activity and TV/movie sitting with presence of carotid plaque. Participants who reported moderate levels of physical activity had significantly lower odds for presence of plaque compared to participants with no activity when TV/movie sitting time was ≤3 h per day. However, there was no significant difference in odds for presence of plaque between physical activity groups when TV/movie sitting exceeded 3 h/day. These results were consistent with models examining total sitting time. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that for Mexican Americans, there is a combined effect of sedentary behavior and physical activity on presence of carotid plaque. Participating in moderate physical activity is optimal for having lower levels of carotid plaque in addition to avoiding excessive levels of TV/movie sitting (≥3 h/day) and/or total sitting (≥8.5 h/day).
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J. Walker
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Natalia I. Heredia
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1400 Pressler, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - MinJae Lee
- Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School; Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS), The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6410 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Susan T. Laing
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030 USA
| | - Susan P. Fisher-Hoch
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville Regional Campus, 1 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA
| | - Joseph B. McCormick
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville Regional Campus, 1 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA
| | - Belinda M. Reininger
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville Regional Campus, 1 W University Blvd, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA
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García-Hermoso A, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Gomez-Marcos MÁ, Cavero-Redondo I, Recio-Rodriguez JI, García-Ortiz L. Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Arterial Stiffness in Spanish Adults—The EVIDENT Study. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2018; 27:1386-1394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Segregating the Distinct Effects of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Older Adults' Cardiovascular Structure and Function: Part 1-Linear Regression Analysis Approach. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:499-509. [PMID: 29485928 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical behavior [PB, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB)] can adjust cardiovascular mortality risk in older adults. The aim of this study was to predict cardiovascular parameters (CVPs) using 21 parameters of PB. METHODS Participants [n = 93, 73.8 (6.23) y] wore a thigh-mounted accelerometer for 7 days. Phenotype of the carotid, brachial, and popliteal arteries was conducted using ultrasound. RESULTS Sedentary behavior was associated with one of the 19 CVPs. Standing and light-intensity PA was associated with 3 and 1 CVP, respectively. Our prediction model suggested that an hourly increase in light-intensity PA would be negatively associated with popliteal intima-media thickness [0.09 mm (95% confidence interval, 0.15 to 0.03)]. sMVPA [moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA), accumulated in bouts <10 min] was associated with 1 CVP. 10MVPA (MVPA accumulated in bouts ≥10 min) had no associations. W50% had associations with 3 CVP. SB%, alpha, true mean PA bout, daily sum of PA bout time, and total week 10MVPA each were associated with 2 CVP. CONCLUSIONS Patterns of PB are more robust predictors of CVP than PB (hours per day). The prediction that popliteal intima-media thickness would be negatively associated with increased standing and light-intensity PA engagement suggests that older adults could obtain health benefits without MVPA engagement.
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Association of time spent in physical activities and sedentary behaviors with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Atherosclerosis 2018; 269:211-218. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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External validation of a collar-mounted triaxial accelerometer for second-by-second monitoring of eight behavioural states in dogs. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188481. [PMID: 29186154 PMCID: PMC5706712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of disease by an animal owner may motivate them to seek early veterinary advice. Presentation before a more advanced clinical manifestation is evident could lead to more effective treatment and thus benefit the animal’s health and welfare. Accelerometers are able to detect changes in specific activities or behaviours, thus indicating early signs of possible adverse health events. The objective of this validation study was to determine whether the detection of eight behavioural states: walk, trot, canter/gallop, sleep, static/inactive, eat, drink, and headshake, by an accelerometer device was sufficiently accurate to be useful in a clinical setting. This fully independent external validation estimated the accuracy of a specific triaxial, collar-mounted accelerometer on a second-by second basis in 51 healthy dogs of different breeds, aged between 6 months and 13 years, weighing >10 kg. The overall diagnostic effectiveness was estimated as: % record correctly classified of > 95% in walk, trot, canter/gallop, eat, drink and headshake and >90% in sleep and static/inactive. The positive predictive values ranged from 93–100%, while the negative predictive values ranged from 96–100%, with exception of static/inactive (86%).This was probably because dogs were placed in unfamiliar kennels where they did not exhibit their typical resting behaviour. The device is worn on a collar, making its use feasible for anyone wanting to monitor their dog’s behaviour. The high accuracy in detecting various kinds of behaviour appears promising in assessing canine health and welfare states.
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Association of Habitual Physical Activity With Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Target Organ Damage in Adolescents and Young Adults. J Phys Act Health 2017; 15:176-182. [PMID: 29172989 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to (1) compare a subjective and objective measure of habitual physical activity (PA), (2) determine the association of PA and cardiovascular risk factors, and (3) test the hypothesis that PA is an independent determinant of target organ damage in youth. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of youth with and without type 2 diabetes [mean age = 22 (3.9) y]. PA was measured with International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Actical accelerometer. Target organ damage was assessed with echocardiography and peripheral arterial testing. Subjects were stratified into tertiles of total PA, and differences were tested by analysis of variance and χ2 tests. General linear models tested for independent associations. RESULTS The correlation between International Physical Activity Questionnaire and accelerometry was weak (r = .23, P = .0003). Less active subjects had worse cardiovascular risk profiles and target organ damage, including stiffer arteries (P < .01). These outcome differences did not reach statistical significance when adjusted for covariates, such as lipid levels and glycemic control. CONCLUSION Survey assessment of PA is complicated by inaccurate reporting. There is a strong association of habitual PA with cardiovascular risk factor clustering. PA may exert its beneficial effect on arterial stiffness in obese youth through improved glycemic control.
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Li X, Lyu P, Ren Y, An J, Dong Y. Arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. J Neurol Sci 2017; 380:1-10. [PMID: 28870545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffness is one of the earliest indicators of changes in vascular wall structure and function and may be assessed using various indicators, such as pulse-wave velocity (PWV), the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), the ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse pressure (PP), the augmentation index (AI), flow-mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness index-β. Arterial stiffness is generally considered an independent predictor of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. To date, a significant number of studies have focused on the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS To investigate the relationships between specific arterial stiffness parameters and cognitive impairment, elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment and determine how to interfere with arterial stiffness to prevent cognitive impairment, we searched PUBMED for studies regarding the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment that were published from 2000 to 2017. We used the following key words in our search: "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment" and "arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment mechanism". Studies involving human subjects older than 30years were included in the review, while irrelevant studies (i.e., studies involving subjects with comorbid kidney disease, diabetes and cardiac disease) were excluded from the review. RESULTS We determined that arterial stiffness severity was positively correlated with cognitive impairment. Of the markers used to assess arterial stiffness, a higher PWV, CAVI, AI, IMT and index-β and a lower ABI and FMD were related to cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between PP and cognitive impairment remained controversial. The potential mechanisms linking arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may be associated with arterial pulsatility, as greater arterial pulsatility damages the cerebral microcirculation, which causes various phenomena associated with cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVDs), such as white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and lacunar infarctions (LIs). The mechanisms underlying the relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive impairment may also be associated with reductions in white matter and gray matter integrity, medial temporal lobe atrophy and Aβ protein deposition. Engaging in more frequent physical exercise; increasing flavonoid and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption; increasing tea, nitrite, dietary calcium and vitamin D intake; losing weight and taking medications intended to improve insulin sensitivity; quitting smoking; and using antihypertensive drugs and statins are early interventions and lifestyle changes that may be effective in preventing arterial stiffness and thus preventing cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION Arterial stiffness is a sensitive predictor of cognitive impairment, and arterial stiffness severity has the potential to serve as an indicator used to facilitate treatments designed to prevent or delay the onset and progression of dementia in elderly individuals. Early treatment of arterial stiffness is beneficial and recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Peiyuan Lyu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
| | - Yanyan Ren
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China; Graduate School, HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Jin An
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Yanhong Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Keller J, Kahlhöfer J, Peter A, Bosy-Westphal A. Effects of Low versus High Glycemic Index Sugar-Sweetened Beverages on Postprandial Vasodilatation and Inactivity-Induced Impairment of Glucose Metabolism in Healthy Men. Nutrients 2016; 8:E802. [PMID: 27973411 PMCID: PMC5188457 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) may contribute to cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to investigate whether functional sugars with low compared to high glycemic index (GI) have beneficial effects on arterial stiffness during a period of low-physical activity. In a controlled cross-over dietary intervention (55% CHO, 30% fat, 15% protein), 13 healthy men (age: 23.7 ± 2.2 years, body mass index: 23.6 ± 1.9 kg/m²) completed 2 × 1 week of low physical activity following 1 week of normal physical activity (2363 ± 900 vs. 11,375 ± 3124 steps/day). During inactive phases participants consumed either low-GI (isomaltulose) or high-GI SSB (maltodextrin-sucrose), providing 20% of energy requirements. Postprandial vasodilatation (augmentation index, AIx), insulin sensitivity (IS) and Glucagon-like-peptide 1 (GLP-1) responses were measured during a meal test before and after SSB-intervention. Compared to maltodextrin-sucrose-SSB, postprandial vasodilatation was prolonged (AIx after 120 min: 9.9% ± 4.3% vs. 11.4% ± 3.7%, p < 0.05) and GLP-1 secretion was higher with isomaltulose-SSB (total area under the GLP-1 curve (tAUCGLP)-1: 8.0 ± 4.4 vs. 5.4 ± 3.4 pM × 3 h; p < 0.05). One week of low-physical activity led to impaired IS that was attenuated with low-GI SSB consumption, but did not affect arterial stiffness (p > 0.05). Higher postprandial GLP-1 secretion after intake of low compared to high-GI beverages may contribute to improved postprandial vasodilatation. Although one week of low-physical activity led to marked impairment in IS, it had no effect on arterial stiffness in healthy men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Keller
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Julia Kahlhöfer
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Andreas Peter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Angiology, Nephrology and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Centre Munich, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Anja Bosy-Westphal
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Parsons TJ, Sartini C, Ellins EA, Halcox JPJ, Smith KE, Ash S, Lennon LT, Wannamethee SG, Lee IM, Whincup PH, Jefferis BJ. Objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and subclinical vascular disease: Cross-sectional study in older British men. Prev Med 2016; 89:194-199. [PMID: 27261410 PMCID: PMC4976831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Low physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary time (ST) are associated with higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among older people. However, their independent contribution and importance of duration of PA and ST bouts remain unclear. We investigated associations between objectively measured PA, ST and non-invasive vascular measures, markers of CVD risk. Cross-sectional study of 1216 men from the British Regional Heart Study, mean age 78.5years, measured in 2010-2012. Carotid intima thickness (CIMT), distensibility coefficient (DC) and plaque presence were measured using ultrasound; pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and augmentation index (AIx) using a Vicorder. PA and ST were measured using hip-worn ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers. After adjusting for covariates, each additional 1000 steps per day was associated with a 0.038m/s lower cfPWV (95% CI=-0.076, 0.0003), 0.095 10(-3) kPa(-1) higher DC (95% CI=0.006, 0.185), 0.26% lower AIx (95% CI=-0.40, -0.12) and a 0.005mm lower CIMT (95% CI=-0.008, -0.001). Moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA) was associated with lower AIx and CIMT, light PA (LPA) with lower cfPWV and CIMT and ST with higher cfPWV, AIx and CIMT and lower DC. LPA and ST were highly correlated (r=-0.62). The independence of MVPA and ST or MVPA and LPA was inconsistent across vascular measures. Bout lengths for both PA and ST were not associated with vascular measures. In our cross-sectional study of older men, all PA regardless of intensity or bout duration was beneficially associated with vascular measures, as was lower ST. LPA was particularly relevant for cfPWV and CIMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tessa J Parsons
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Claudio Sartini
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, University College London, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Ellins
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Julian P J Halcox
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Kirsten E Smith
- Institute of Life Sciences, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Sarah Ash
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - Lucy T Lennon
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - S Goya Wannamethee
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
| | - I-Min Lee
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Peter H Whincup
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK
| | - Barbara J Jefferis
- UCL Department of Primary Care and Population Health, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK; UCL Physical Activity Research Group, University College London, London, UK
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Funck KL, Laugesen E, Høyem P, Fleischer J, Cichosz SL, Christiansen JS, Hansen TK, Poulsen PL. Low Physical Activity Is Associated With Increased Arterial Stiffness in Patients Recently Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes. Am J Hypertens 2016; 29:882-8. [PMID: 26714500 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpv197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Several studies have indicated that low physical activity is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality among patients with diabetes. The association between physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular changes preceding clinical events remains to be elucidated. We investigated the relationship between physical activity and arterial stiffness, an independent predictor of CVD, in patients with type 2 diabetes and controls. METHODS We included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes and 100 sex- and age-matched controls in a cross-sectional study. Arterial stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, cfPWV) was measured using the SphygmoCor device (AtCor Medical, Sydney, Australia). Physical activity was assessed by an accelerometer (counts per minute (cpm), Actiheart (CamNtech, Cambridge, UK)) worn by the participants for up to 6 days. High vs. low levels of physical activity was defined according to the median level of activity (cpm = 31). RESULTS Sixty-five patients and 65 controls were included in the final analysis (median age 59 years, 55% men, median diabetes duration 1.9 years). Participants with low physical activity had higher cfPWV compared to participants with high physical activity: (i) Patients and controls combined: 9.3±1.7 m/s vs. 7.8±1.5 m/s, P < 0.001; (ii) Patients with diabetes: 9.5±1.8 m/s vs. 8.3±1.6 m/s, P = 0.02 and C) Controls: 9.0±1.4 m/s vs. 7.7±1.4 m/s, P < 0.01). The difference remained significant after adjustment for other determinants of cfPWV including whole body fat percentage (P < 0.01). No significant interaction between diabetes and the effect of low activity was seen. CONCLUSIONS Low physical activity is associated with increased arterial stiffness in patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and in healthy controls. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION Trial Number NCT00674271.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian L Funck
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Esben Laugesen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pernille Høyem
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper Fleischer
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simon L Cichosz
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jens S Christiansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Troels K Hansen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Per L Poulsen
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Dieu O, Mikulovic J, Fardy PS, Bui-Xuan G, Béghin L, Vanhelst J. Physical activity using wrist-worn accelerometers: comparison of dominant and non-dominant wrist. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2016; 37:525-529. [PMID: 26749436 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in physical activity assessment between a wrist-worn accelerometer at the dominant or non-dominant arm. The secondary purpose was to assess the concurrent validity of measures of physical activity from the wrist-worn accelerometer and the waist-worn accelerometer. Forty adults wore three accelerometers simultaneously, one on the waist and one each on the non-dominant wrist and dominant wrist, respectively, for 24 consecutive hours of free-living conditions. Data were uploaded from the monitor to a computer following a 1-day test period. There were no significant differences in physical activity when comparing the dominant versus the non-dominant wrist, regardless of axis (P>0·05). Mean daily accelerometer output data from both wrists were strongly correlated with average counts per minute from the ActiGraph worn around the waist (r = 0·88, P<0·001). Findings suggest that the choice to wear the accelerometer on the non-dominant or dominant wrist has no impact on results. Data from this study contribute to the knowledge of how to best assess physical activity habits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul S Fardy
- Department of Family, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences (FNES), Queens College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Laurent Béghin
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, University of Lille.,Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403 - Centre d'investigation clinique, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérémy Vanhelst
- Laboratoire LACES, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Inserm, CHU Lille, U995 - LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, University of Lille.,Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC 1403 - Centre d'investigation clinique, University of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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24
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Sedentary Behavior and Light Physical Activity Are Associated with Brachial and Central Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0146078. [PMID: 26717310 PMCID: PMC4696789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity is recommended as a part of a comprehensive lifestyle approach in the treatment of hypertension, but there is a lack of data about the relationship between different intensities of physical activity and cardiovascular parameters in hypertensive patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the time spent in physical activities of different intensities and blood pressure levels, arterial stiffness and autonomic modulation in hypertensive patients. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 87 hypertensive patients (57.5 ± 9.9 years of age) had their physical activity assessed over a 7 day period using an accelerometer and the time spent in sedentary activities, light physical activities, moderate physical activities and moderate-to-vigorous physical activities was obtained. The primary outcomes were brachial and central blood pressure. Arterial stiffness parameters (augmentation index and pulse wave velocity) and cardiac autonomic modulation (sympathetic and parasympathetic modulation in the heart) were also obtained as secondary outcomes. Results Sedentary activities and light physical activities were positively and inversely associated, respectively, with brachial systolic (r = 0.56; P < 0.01), central systolic (r = 0.51; P < 0.05), brachial diastolic (r = 0.45; P < 0.01) and central diastolic (r = 0.42; P < 0.05) blood pressures, after adjustment for sex, age, trunk fat, number of antihypertensive drugs, accelerometer wear time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activities. Arterial stiffness parameters and cardiac autonomic modulation were not associated with the time spent in sedentary activities and in light physical activities (P > 0.05). Conclusion Lower time spent in sedentary activities and higher time spent in light physical activities are associated with lower blood pressure, without affecting arterial stiffness and cardiac autonomic modulation in hypertensive patients.
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García-Hermoso A, Notario-Pacheco B, Recio-Rodríguez J, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Rodrigo de Pablo E, Magdalena Belio J, Gómez-Marcos M, García-Ortiz L. Sedentary behaviour patterns and arterial stiffness in a Spanish adult population – The EVIDENT trial. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:516-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Horta BL, Schaan BD, Bielemann RM, Vianna CÁ, Gigante DP, Barros FC, Ekelund U, Hallal PC. Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary-time are associated with arterial stiffness in Brazilian young adults. Atherosclerosis 2015; 243:148-54. [PMID: 26386211 PMCID: PMC4678284 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with pulse wave velocity (PWV) in Brazilian young adults. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis with participants of the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort who were followed-up from birth to 30 years of age. Overall physical activity (PA) assessed as the average acceleration (mg), time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA - min/day) and sedentary time (min/day) were calculated from acceleration data. Carotid-femoral PWV (m/s) was assessed using a portable ultrasound. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed as possible mediators. Multiple linear regression and g-computation formula were used in the analyses. RESULTS Complete data were available for 1241 individuals. PWV was significantly lower in the two highest quartiles of overall PA (0.26 m/s) compared with the lowest quartile. Participants in the highest quartile of sedentary time had 0.39 m/s higher PWV (95%CI: 0.20; 0.57) than those in the lowest quartile. Individuals achieving ≥30 min/day in MVPA had lower PWV (β = -0.35; 95%CI: -0.56; -0.14). Mutually adjusted analyses between MVPA and sedentary time and PWV changed the coefficients, although results from sedentary time remained more consistent. WC captured 44% of the association between MVPA and PWV. DBP explained 46% of the association between acceleration and PWV. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity was inversely related to PWV in young adults, whereas sedentary time was positively associated. Such associations were only partially mediated by WC and DBP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- EndocrineDivision, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Internal Medicine, Facultyof Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Renata Moraes Bielemann
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Fernando C Barros
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Medical Research Council, Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pedro Curi Hallal
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
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García-Hermoso A, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, Recio-Rodríguez JI, Sánchez-López M, Gómez-Marcos MÁ, García-Ortiz L. Sedentary behaviour patterns and carotid intima-media thickness in Spanish healthy adult population. Atherosclerosis 2015; 239:571-6. [PMID: 25733329 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the association between sedentary behaviour, as assessed by an accelerometer, and mean carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). METHODS The study included 263 healthy subjects belonging to the EVIDENT study (59.3% women). Carotid IMT was measured by carotid ultrasonography. Sedentary behaviour was measured objectively over 7 days using ActiGraph accelerometers. Thresholds of 10 consecutive minutes were used to establish sedentary bouts, and assess the number (n/day), and length ≥10 min (min/day). RESULTS Total sedentary time and sedentary time in bouts ≥10 min was higher in participants with a larger mean carotid IMT (>P75). Otherwise, this sedentary time in bouts ≥10 min parameter was weakly associated with augmented carotid IMT injury in the logistic regression model. CONCLUSION Total sedentary time and sedentary time in bouts ≥10 min, as assessed by accelerometer, was positively but weakly associated with carotid IMT. Equally, this sedentary time in bouts ≥10 min was associated with carotid injury, but disappears after adjusting for potential confounders. These findings support that reducing sedentary time and increasing breaks in bouts of sedentary time might represent a useful additional strategy in the cardiovascular disease prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT01083082.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Chile
| | | | | | - Mairena Sánchez-López
- Social and Health Care Research Center, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
| | | | - Luis García-Ortiz
- The Alamedilla Health Center, Castilla y León Health Service-SACYL, USAL, IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
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Bursztyn M. What is the Ambulatory Stiffness Index and What Is Its Role in Patients With Lacunar Infarcts? J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2015; 17:357-8. [PMID: 25689351 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bursztyn
- Department of Medicine, Hypertension Unit, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Mount-Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel
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