1
|
Wan X, Fang Y, Jiang Y, Lu X, Zhu L, Feng J. Temperature and nutrients alter the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes in the coastal macroinvertebrates biodiversity assembly on long-time scales. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11062. [PMID: 38389996 PMCID: PMC10883258 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroinvertebrates play a vital role in coastal ecosystems and are an important indicator of ecosystem quality. Both anthropogenic activity and environmental changes may lead to significant changes in the marine macroinvertebrate community. However, the assembly process of benthic biodiversity and its mechanism driven by environmental factors at large scales remains unclear. Here, using the benthic field survey data of 15 years at large spatial and temporal scales from the Yellow Sea Large Marine Ecosystem, we investigated the relative importance of environmental selection, dispersal processes, random-deterministic processes of macroinvertebrates community diversity assembly, and the responses of this relative importance driven by temperature and nutrients. Results showed that the macroinvertebrates community diversity is mainly affected by dispersal. Nitrogen and phosphorus are the most important negative factors among environmental variables, while geographical distance is the main limiting factor of β diversity. Within the range of 0.35-0.70 mg/L of nutrients, increasing nutrient concentration can significantly facilitate the contribution of the decay effect to β diversity. Within the temperature range studied (15.0-18.0°C), both warming and cooling can lead to a greater tendency for species diversity assembly processes to be dominated by deterministic processes. The analysis contributes to a better understanding of the assembly process of the diversity of coastal marine macroinvertebrates communities and how they adapt to global biogeochemical processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuhao Wan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Yuan Fang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Xueqiang Lu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Tianjin China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tumolo BB, Collins SM, Guan Y, Krist AC. Resource quantity and quality differentially control stream invertebrate biodiversity across spatial scales. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:2077-2086. [PMID: 37787116 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Resource quantity controls biodiversity across spatial scales; however, the importance of resource quality to cross-scale patterns in species richness has seldom been explored. We evaluated the relationship between stream basal resource quantity (periphyton chlorophyll a) and invertebrate richness and compared this to the relationship of resource quality (periphyton stoichiometry) and richness at local and regional scales across 27 North American streams. At the local scale, invertebrate richness peaked at intermediate levels of chlorophyll a, but had a shallow negative relationship with periphyton C:P and N:P. However, at the regional scale, richness had a strong negative relationship with chlorophyll a and periphyton C:P and N:P. The divergent relationships of periphyton chlorophyll a and stoichiometry with invertebrate richness suggest that autochthonous resource quantity limits diversity more than quality, consistent with patterns of eutrophication. Collectively, we provide evidence that patterns in resource quantity and quality play important, yet differing roles in shaping freshwater biodiversity across spatial scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin B Tumolo
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Sarah M Collins
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
- Program in Ecology and Evolution, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| | - Yawen Guan
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Amy C Krist
- Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
- Program in Ecology and Evolution, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Terlau JF, Brose U, Eisenhauer N, Amyntas A, Boy T, Dyer A, Gebler A, Hof C, Liu T, Scherber C, Schlägel UE, Schmidt A, Hirt MR. Microhabitat conditions remedy heat stress effects on insect activity. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:3747-3758. [PMID: 37186484 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic global warming has major implications for mobile terrestrial insects, including long-term effects from constant warming, for example, on species distribution patterns, and short-term effects from heat extremes that induce immediate physiological responses. To cope with heat extremes, they either have to reduce their activity or move to preferable microhabitats. The availability of favorable microhabitat conditions is strongly promoted by the spatial heterogeneity of habitats, which is often reduced by anthropogenic land transformation. Thus, it is decisive to understand the combined effects of these global change drivers on insect activity. Here, we assessed the movement activity of six insect species (from three orders) in response to heat stress using a unique tracking approach via radio frequency identification. We tracked 465 individuals at the iDiv Ecotron across a temperature gradient up to 38.7°C. In addition, we varied microhabitat conditions by adding leaf litter from four different tree species to the experimental units, either spatially separated or well mixed. Our results show opposing effects of heat extremes on insect activity depending on the microhabitat conditions. The insect community significantly decreased its activity in the mixed litter scenario, while we found a strong positive effect on activity in the separated litter scenario. We hypothesize that the simultaneous availability of thermal refugia as well as resources provided by the mixed litter scenario allows animals to reduce their activity and save energy in response to heat stress. Contrary, the spatial separation of beneficial microclimatic conditions and resources forces animals to increase their activity to fulfill their energetic needs. Thus, our study highlights the importance of habitat heterogeneity on smaller scales, because it may buffer the consequences of extreme temperatures of insect performance and survival under global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jördis F Terlau
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Angelos Amyntas
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Boy
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alexander Dyer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Alban Gebler
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Hof
- Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Life Science Systems, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christoph Scherber
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity Monitoring, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike E Schlägel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anja Schmidt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Myriam R Hirt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jin H, Van de Waal DB, van Leeuwen CHA, Lamers LPM, Declerck SAJ, Amorim AL, Bakker ES. Restoring gradual land-water transitions in a shallow lake improved phytoplankton quantity and quality with cascading effects on zooplankton production. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119915. [PMID: 36996752 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Land-water transition areas play a significant role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. However, anthropogenic pressures are posing severe threats on land-water transition areas, which leads to degradation of the ecological integrity of many lakes worldwide. Enhancing habitat complexity and heterogeneity by restoring land-water transition areas in lake systems is deemed a suitable method to restore lakes bottom-up by stimulating lower trophic levels. Stimulating productivity of lower trophic levels (phytoplankton, zooplankton) generates important food sources for declining higher trophic levels (fish, birds). Here, we study ecosystem restoration project Marker Wadden in Lake Markermeer, The Netherlands. This project involved the construction of a 700-ha archipelago of five islands in a degrading shallow lake, aiming to create additional sheltered land-water transition areas to stimulate food web development from its base by improving phytoplankton quantity and quality. We found that phytoplankton quantity (chlorophyll-a concentration) and quality (inversed carbon:nutrient ratio) in the shallow waters inside the Marker Wadden archipelago were significantly improved, likely due to higher nutrient availabilities, while light availability remained sufficient, compared to the surrounding lake. Higher phytoplankton quantity and quality was positively correlated with zooplankton biomass, which was higher inside the archipelago than in the surrounding lake due to improved trophic transfer efficiency between phytoplankton and zooplankton. We conclude that creating new land-water transition areas can be used to increase light and nutrient availabilities and thereby enhancing primary productivity, which in turn can stimulate higher trophic levels in degrading aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jin
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen 6708PB, the Netherlands.
| | - Dedmer B Van de Waal
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen 6708PB, the Netherlands; Department of Freshwater and Marine Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Casper H A van Leeuwen
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen 6708PB, the Netherlands
| | - Leon P M Lamers
- Aquatic Ecology and Environmental Biology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, PO Box 9010, GL Nijmegen 6500, The Netherlands
| | - Steven A J Declerck
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen 6708PB, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Luisa Amorim
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen 6708PB, the Netherlands; AQUON- Wateronderzoek en Advies. Voorschoterweg 18h, AB Leiden 2324, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth S Bakker
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, Wageningen 6708PB, the Netherlands; Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group, Wageningen University (WUR), Droevendaalsesteeg 2, Wageningen 6708PB, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wagner ND, Osburn FS, Taylor RB, Back JA, Chambliss CK, Brooks BW, Scott JT. Diazotrophy modulates cyanobacteria stoichiometry through functional traits that determine bloom magnitude and toxin production. LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY 2023; 68:348-360. [PMID: 36819961 PMCID: PMC9937718 DOI: 10.1002/lno.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms are an increasing threat to water quality. The interactions between two eco-physiological functional traits of cyanobacteria, diazotrophy (nitrogen (N)-fixation) and N-rich cyanotoxin synthesis, have never been examined in a stoichiometric explicit manner. We explored how a gradient of resource N:phosphorus (P) affects the biomass, N, P stoichiometry, light-harvesting pigments, and cylindrospermopsin production in a N-fixing cyanobacterium, Aphanizomenon. Low N:P Aphanizomenon cultures produced the same biomass as populations grown in high N:P cultures. The biomass accumulation determined by carbon, indicated low N:P Aphanizomenon cultures did not have a N-fixation growth tradeoff, in contrast to some other diazotrophs that maintain stoichiometric N homeostasis at the expense of growth. However, N-fixing Aphanizomenon populations produced less particulate cylindrospermopsin and had undetectable dissolved cylindrospermopsin compared to non-N-fixing populations. The pattern of low to high cyanotoxin cell quotas across an N:P gradient in the diazotrophic cylindrospermopsin producer is similar to the cyanotoxin cell quota response in non-diazotrophic cyanobacteria. We suggest that diazotrophic cyanobacteria may be characterized into two broad functional groups, the N-storage-strategists and the growth-strategists, which use N-fixation differently and may determine patterns of bloom magnitude and toxin production in nature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole D Wagner
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester MI, 48326, USA
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
| | - Felicia S Osburn
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway AR, 72035, USA
| | - Raegyn B Taylor
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Back
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
| | - C Kevin Chambliss
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
| | - Bryan W Brooks
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
| | - J Thad Scott
- Center for Reservoir and Aquatic System Research, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco TX, 76798, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen X, Chen HYH. Plant mixture balances terrestrial ecosystem C:N:P stoichiometry. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4562. [PMID: 34315908 PMCID: PMC8316448 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant and soil C:N:P ratios are of critical importance to productivity, food-web dynamics, and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. Plant diversity continues to decline globally; however, its influence on terrestrial C:N:P ratios remains uncertain. By conducting a global meta-analysis of 2049 paired observations in plant species mixtures and monocultures from 169 sites, we show that, on average across all observations, the C:N:P ratios of plants, soils, soil microbial biomass and enzymes did not respond to species mixture nor to the species richness in mixtures. However, the mixture effect on soil microbial biomass C:N changed from positive to negative, and those on soil enzyme C:N and C:P shifted from negative to positive with increasing functional diversity in mixtures. Importantly, species mixture increased the C:N, C:P, N:P ratios of plants and soils when background soil C:N, C:P, and N:P were low, but decreased them when the respective background ratios were high. Our results demonstrate that plant mixtures can balance terrestrial plant and soil C:N:P ratios dependent on background soil C:N:P. Our findings highlight that plant diversity conservation does not only increase plant productivity, but also optimizes ecosystem stoichiometry for the diversity and productivity of today's and future vegetation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Han Y H Chen
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nessel MP, Konnovitch T, Romero GQ, González AL. Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment cause declines in invertebrate populations: a global meta-analysis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2617-2637. [PMID: 34173704 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Human-driven changes in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs are modifying biogeochemical cycles and the trophic state of many habitats worldwide. These alterations are predicted to continue to increase, with the potential for a wide range of impacts on invertebrates, key players in ecosystem-level processes. Here, we present a meta-analysis of 1679 cases from 207 studies reporting the effects of N, P, and combined N + P enrichment on the abundance, biomass, and richness of aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates. Nitrogen and phosphorus additions decreased invertebrate abundance in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, with stronger impacts under combined N + P additions. Likewise, N and N + P additions had stronger negative impacts on the abundance of tropical than temperate invertebrates. Overall, the effects of nutrient enrichment did not differ significantly among major invertebrate taxonomic groups, suggesting that changes in biogeochemical cycles are a pervasive threat to invertebrate populations across ecosystems. The effects of N and P additions differed significantly among invertebrate trophic groups but N + P addition had a consistent negative effect on invertebrates. Nutrient additions had weaker or inconclusive impacts on invertebrate biomass and richness, possibly due to the low number of case studies for these community responses. Our findings suggest that N and P enrichment affect invertebrate community structure mainly by decreasing invertebrate abundance, and these effects are dependent on the habitat and trophic identity of the invertebrates. These results highlight the important effects of human-driven nutrient enrichment on ecological systems and suggest a potential driver for the global invertebrate decline documented in recent years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Nessel
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, 201 S. Broadway, Camden, NJ, 08103, U.S.A
| | - Theresa Konnovitch
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, 201 S. Broadway, Camden, NJ, 08103, U.S.A.,Biology Department, La Salle University, 1900 W Olney Ave, Philadelphia, PA, 19141, U.S.A
| | - Gustavo Q Romero
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), CP 6109, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Angélica L González
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, 201 S. Broadway, Camden, NJ, 08103, U.S.A.,Biology Department, Rutgers University, Science Building, 315 Penn Street, Camden, NJ, 08102, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nhu Y DT, Hoang NT, Lieu PK, Harada H, Brion N, Hieu DV, Hop NV, Olde Venterink H. Effects of nutrient supply and nutrient ratio on diversity-productivity relationships of phytoplankton in the Cau Hai lagoon, Vietnam. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:5950-5962. [PMID: 31161011 PMCID: PMC6540837 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity and productivity of primary producers are known to be influenced simultaneously by resource availability and resource ratio, but the relative importance of these two factors differed among studies and so far only entire phytoplankton communities were investigated which might ignore specific nutrient requirements and stoichiometric plasticity of different functional groups. We measured nutrient availability (DIN, total N [TN], total P [TP]), nutrient imbalance (TN:TP, DIN:TP, N:Pseston), species richness, and abundance of the whole phytoplankton community, as well as those specific for cyanobacteria, diatoms, and dinoflagellates in Cau Hai lagoon in Vietnam. We determined the correlation among these variables, using structural equation modeling. The models applied to the whole phytoplankton community indicated that the nutrient availability (particularly TP and DIN) drove variation in phytoplankton abundance and richness, and that abundance also depended on species richness. The models applied to different functional groups differed considerably from the entire community and among each other, and only a part of the models was significant. The relationship between nutrient availability (mainly TP) and abundance was driven by cyanobacteria, and the relationship between nutrient imbalance (only with N:Pseston) and species richness was driven by diatoms. Remarkably, the positive relationship between species richness and abundance, as consistently observed for the whole phytoplankton community, was only observed for one of the three functional groups (diatoms), indicating that resource complementarity occurs particularly among species of different functional groups. Our results emphasized that nutrient availability (TP and to a lesser extent DIN) as well as nutrient imbalance (albeit only with N:Pseston as proxy) were driving factors for the phytoplankton community in the Cau Hai lagoon and hence alterations in both of these factors leading to a shift in phytoplankton species composition and productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dang Thi Nhu Y
- Department of BiologyVrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
- Department of Environmental Science, Hue College of SciencesHue UniversityHueVietnam
| | - Nguyen Tien Hoang
- Department of Environmental Science, Hue College of SciencesHue UniversityHueVietnam
- Laboratory of Environmental Geosphere Engineering, Department of Urban Management, Graduate School of EngineeringKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Pham Khac Lieu
- Department of Environmental Science, Hue College of SciencesHue UniversityHueVietnam
- Department of Science, Technology and EnvironmentHue UniversityHueVietnam
| | - Hidenori Harada
- Graduate School of Global Environmental StudiesKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Natacha Brion
- Analytical, Environmental and GeochemistryVrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Duong Van Hieu
- Department of Environmental Science, Hue College of SciencesHue UniversityHueVietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Hop
- Department of Chemistry, Hue College of SciencesHue UniversityHueVietnam
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Demi LM, Benstead JP, Rosemond AD, Maerz JC. Experimental N and P additions alter stream macroinvertebrate community composition via taxon‐level responses to shifts in detrital resource stoichiometry. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee M. Demi
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Alabama
| | | | | | - John C. Maerz
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia Athens Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang T, Han G, Yang Q, Friman VP, Gu S, Wei Z, Kowalchuk GA, Xu Y, Shen Q, Jousset A. Resource stoichiometry shapes community invasion resistance via productivity-mediated species identity effects. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20182035. [PMID: 30963908 PMCID: PMC6304049 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diversity-invasion resistance relationships are often variable and sensitive to environmental conditions such as resource availability. Resource stoichiometry, the relative concentration of different elements in the environment, has been shown to have strong effects on the physiology and interactions between different species. Yet, its role for diversity-invasion resistance relationships is still poorly understood. Here, we explored how the ratio of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus affects the productivity and invasion resistance of constructed microbial communities by a plant pathogenic bacterium, Ralstonia solanacearum. We found that resource stoichiometry and species identity effects affected the invasion resistance of communities. Both high N concentration and resident community diversity constrained invasions, and two resident species, in particular, had strong negative effects on the relative density of the invader and the resident community productivity. While resource stoichiometry did not affect the mean productivity of the resident community, it favoured the growth of two species that strongly constrained invasions turning the slope of productivity-invasion resistance relationship more negative. Together our findings suggest that alterations in resource stoichiometry can change the community resistance to invasions by having disproportionate effects on species growth, potentially explaining changes in microbial community composition under eutrophication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianjie Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Environmental Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gang Han
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjun Yang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ville-Petri Friman
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, YO10 5DD, York, UK
| | - Shaohua Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong Wei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - George A. Kowalchuk
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Environmental Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Yangchun Xu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Alexandre Jousset
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Environmental Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
De Laender F. Community- and ecosystem-level effects of multiple environmental change drivers: Beyond null model testing. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:5021-5030. [PMID: 29959825 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the joint effect of multiple drivers of environmental change is a key scientific challenge. The dominant approach today is to compare observed joint effects with predictions from various types of null models. Drivers are said to combine synergistically (antagonistically) when their observed joint effect is larger (smaller) than that predicted by the null model. Here, I argue that this approach does not promote understanding of effects on important community- and ecosystem-level variables such as biodiversity and ecosystem function. I use ecological theory to show that different mechanisms can lead to the same deviation from a null model's prediction. Inversely, I show that the same mechanism can lead to different deviations from a null model's prediction. These examples illustrate that it is not possible to make strong mechanistic inferences from null models. Next, I present an alternative framework to study such effects. This framework makes a clear distinction between two different kinds of drivers (resource ratio shifts and multiple stressors) and integrates both by incorporating stressor effects into resource uptake theory. I show that this framework can advance understanding because of three reasons. First, it forces formalization of "multiple stressors," using factors that describe the number and kind of stressors, their selectivity and dynamic behaviour, and the initial trait diversity and tolerance among species. Second, it produces testable predictions on how these factors affect biodiversity and ecosystem function, alone and in combination with resource ratio shifts. Third, it can fail in informative ways. That is, its assumptions are clear, so that different kinds of deviations between predictions and observed effects can guide new experiments and theory improvement. I conclude that this framework will more effectively progress understanding of global change effects on communities and ecosystems than does the current practice of null model testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederik De Laender
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Namur Institute of Complex Systems, and the Institute of Life, Earth, and Environment, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jabiol J, Cornut J, Tlili A, Gessner MO. Interactive effects of dissolved nitrogen, phosphorus and litter chemistry on stream fungal decomposers. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2018; 94:5068169. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Jabiol
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Alte Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 118 route de Narbonne, Bât. 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Julien Cornut
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Alte Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LIEC, 57000 Metz, France
| | - Ahmed Tlili
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Alte Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
| | - Mark O Gessner
- Department of Experimental Limnology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Alte Fischerhütte 2, 16775 Stechlin, Germany
- Department of Ecology, Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin), Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, 10587 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mandal S, Shurin JB, Efroymson RA, Mathews TJ. Functional divergence in nitrogen uptake rates explains diversity–productivity relationship in microalgal communities. Ecosphere 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shovon Mandal
- Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | | | - Rebecca A. Efroymson
- Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| | - Teresa J. Mathews
- Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Karasiewicz S, Breton E, Lefebvre A, Hernández Fariñas T, Lefebvre S. Realized niche analysis of phytoplankton communities involving HAB: Phaeocystis spp. as a case study. HARMFUL ALGAE 2018; 72:1-13. [PMID: 29413380 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The link between harmful algal blooms, phytoplankton community dynamics and global environmental change is not well understood. To tackle this challenging question, a new method was used to reveal how phytoplankton communities responded to environmental change with the occurrence of an harmful algae, using the coastal waters of the eastern English Channel as a case study. The great interannual variability in the magnitude and intensity of Phaeocystis spp. blooms, along with diatoms, compared to the ongoing gradual decrease in anthropogenic nutrient concentration and rebalancing of nutrient ratios; suggests that other factors, such as competition for resources, may also play an important role. A realized niche approach was used with the Outlying Mean Index analysis and the dynamics of the species' realized subniches were estimated using the Within Outlying Mean Indexes calculations under low (L) and high (H) contrasting Phaeocystis spp. abundance. The Within Outlying Mean Indexes allows the decomposition of the realized niche into realized subniches, found within the subset of habitat conditions and constrained by a subset of a biotic factor. The two contrasting scenarios were characterized by significantly different subsets of environmental conditions and diatom species (BV-step analysis), and different seasonality in salinity, turbidity, and nutrients. The subset L environmental conditions were potentially favorable for Phaeocystis spp. but it suffered from competitive exclusion by key diatom species such as Skeletonema spp., Thalassiosira gravida, Thalassionema nitzschioides and the Pseudo-nitzchia seriata complex. Accordingly, these diatoms species occupied 81% of Phaeocystis spp.'s existing fundamental subniche. In contrast, the greater number of diatoms, correlated with the community trend, within subset H exerted a weaker biological constraint and favored Phaeocystis spp. realized subniche expansion. In conclusion, the results strongly suggest that both abiotic and biotic interactions should be considered to understand Phaeocystis spp. blooms with greater consideration of the preceeding diatoms. HABs needs must therefore be studied as part of the total phytoplankton community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Karasiewicz
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG Laboratoire d'Océanologie et Géosciences, F 62930 Wimereux, France.
| | - Elsa Breton
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG Laboratoire d'Océanologie et Géosciences, F 62930 Wimereux, France
| | - Alain Lefebvre
- Ifremer, laboratoire Environnement et ressources du centre Manche Mer du Nord, 150 quai Gambetta, BP 699, 62321 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Tania Hernández Fariñas
- Ifremer, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Normandie, Avenue du Général de Gaulle, BP 32, 14520 Port en Bessin, France
| | - Sébastien Lefebvre
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMR 8187, LOG Laboratoire d'Océanologie et Géosciences, F 62930 Wimereux, France; Ifremer, Laboratoire Ressources Halieutiques, 150 Quai Gambetta BP 699, F-62321 Boulogne sur mer, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Barnes AD, Jochum M, Lefcheck JS, Eisenhauer N, Scherber C, O'Connor MI, de Ruiter P, Brose U. Energy Flux: The Link between Multitrophic Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning. Trends Ecol Evol 2018; 33:186-197. [PMID: 29325921 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Relating biodiversity to ecosystem functioning in natural communities has become a paramount challenge as links between trophic complexity and multiple ecosystem functions become increasingly apparent. Yet, there is still no generalised approach to address such complexity in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) studies. Energy flux dynamics in ecological networks provide the theoretical underpinning of multitrophic BEF relationships. Accordingly, we propose the quantification of energy fluxes in food webs as a powerful, universal tool for understanding ecosystem functioning in multitrophic systems spanning different ecological scales. Although the concept of energy flux in food webs is not novel, its application to BEF research remains virtually untapped, providing a framework to foster new discoveries into the determinants of ecosystem functioning in complex systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Barnes
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstrasse 2, 48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Malte Jochum
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Scherber
- Institute of Landscape Ecology, University of Münster, Heisenbergstrasse 2, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Mary I O'Connor
- Department of Zoology and Biodiversity Research Centre, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Peter de Ruiter
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Biometris, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Brose
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Glibert PM. Eutrophication, harmful algae and biodiversity - Challenging paradigms in a world of complex nutrient changes. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:591-606. [PMID: 28434665 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Eutrophication is a complex process and often associated with not only a change in overall algal biomass but also with a change in biodiversity. Common metrics of eutrophication (e.g., chlorophyll a), total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) are not adequate for understanding biodiversity changes, especially those associated with harmful algal bloom (HAB) proliferations. Harmful algae can increase disproportionately with eutrophication, depending on which nutrients change and in what proportion. This paper challenges several classic paradigms in our understanding of eutrophication and associated biodiversity changes. The underlying message is that nutrient proportions and forms can alter biodiversity, even when nutrients are at concentrations in excess of those considered limiting. The global HAB problem is on a trajectory for more blooms, more toxins, more often, in more places. Our approach to management of HABs and eutrophication must consider the broader complexity of nutrient effects at scales ranging from physiological to ecological.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Glibert
- University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Laboratory, PO Box 6775, Cambridge, MD 21613, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lacroix C, Seabloom EW, Borer ET. Environmental Nutrient Supply Directly Alters Plant Traits but Indirectly Determines Virus Growth Rate. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2116. [PMID: 29163408 PMCID: PMC5681519 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological stoichiometry and resource competition theory both predict that nutrient rates and ratios can alter infectious disease dynamics. Pathogens such as viruses hijack nutrient rich host metabolites to complete multiple steps of their epidemiological cycle. As the synthesis of these molecules requires nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), environmental supply rates, and ratios of N and P to hosts can directly limit disease dynamics. Environmental nutrient supplies also may alter virus epidemiology indirectly by changing host phenotype or the dynamics of coinfecting pathogens. We tested whether host nutrient supplies and coinfection control pathogen growth within hosts and transmission to new hosts, either directly or through modifications of plant tissue chemistry (i.e., content and stoichiometric ratios of nutrients), host phenotypic traits, or among-pathogen interactions. We examined two widespread plant viruses (BYDV-PAV and CYDV-RPV) in cultivated oats (Avena sativa) grown along a range of N and of P supply rates. N and P supply rates altered plant tissue chemistry and phenotypic traits; however, environmental nutrient supplies and plant tissue content and ratios of nutrients did not directly alter virus titer. Infection with CYDV-RPV altered plant traits and resulted in thicker plant leaves (i.e., higher leaf mass per area) and there was a positive correlation between CYDV-RPV titer and leaf mass per area. CYDV-RPV titer was reduced by the presence of a competitor, BYDV-PAV, and higher CYDV-RPV titer led to more severe chlorotic symptoms. In our experimental conditions, virus transmission was unaffected by nutrient supply rates, co-infection, plant stoichiometry, or plant traits, although nutrient supply rates have been shown to increase infection and coinfection rates. This work provides a robust test of the role of plant nutrient content and ratios in the dynamics of globally important pathogens and reveals a more complex relationship between within-host virus growth and alterations of plant traits. A deeper understanding of the differential effects of environmental nutrient supplies on virus epidemiology and ecology is particularly relevant given the rapid increase of nutrients flowing into Earth's ecosystems as a result of human activities.
Collapse
|
18
|
Brosed M, Jabiol J, Gessner MO. Nutrient stoichiometry of aquatic hyphomycetes: Interstrain variation and ergosterol conversion factors. FUNGAL ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
19
|
Lewandowska AM, Biermann A, Borer ET, Cebrián-Piqueras MA, Declerck SAJ, De Meester L, Van Donk E, Gamfeldt L, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Harpole WS, Kirkman KP, Klausmeier CA, Kleyer M, Knops JMH, Lemmens P, Lind EM, Litchman E, Mantilla-Contreras J, Martens K, Meier S, Minden V, Moore JL, Venterink HO, Seabloom EW, Sommer U, Striebel M, Trenkamp A, Trinogga J, Urabe J, Vyverman W, Van de Waal DB, Widdicombe CE, Hillebrand H. The influence of balanced and imbalanced resource supply on biodiversity-functioning relationship across ecosystems. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0283. [PMID: 27114584 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies show that increasing species richness leads to higher ecosystem productivity. This effect is often attributed to more efficient portioning of multiple resources in communities with higher numbers of competing species, indicating the role of resource supply and stoichiometry for biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. Here, we merged theory on ecological stoichiometry with a framework of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning to understand how resource use transfers into primary production. We applied a structural equation model to define patterns of diversity-productivity relationships with respect to available resources. Meta-analysis was used to summarize the findings across ecosystem types ranging from aquatic ecosystems to grasslands and forests. As hypothesized, resource supply increased realized productivity and richness, but we found significant differences between ecosystems and study types. Increased richness was associated with increased productivity, although this effect was not seen in experiments. More even communities had lower productivity, indicating that biomass production is often maintained by a few dominant species, and reduced dominance generally reduced ecosystem productivity. This synthesis, which integrates observational and experimental studies in a variety of ecosystems and geographical regions, exposes common patterns and differences in biodiversity-functioning relationships, and increases the mechanistic understanding of changes in ecosystems productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Lewandowska
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Antje Biermann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Miguel A Cebrián-Piqueras
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Steven A J Declerck
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32 bus 2439, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Van Donk
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Gamfeldt
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, 41319 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel S Gruner
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Carbis Road, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kevin P Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Carbis Road, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Christopher A Klausmeier
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Michael Kleyer
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, 211 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Pieter Lemmens
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32 bus 2439, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Elena Litchman
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jasmin Mantilla-Contreras
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Koen Martens
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINSc), Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Meier
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Vanessa Minden
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Harry Olde Venterink
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren Striebel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Anastasia Trenkamp
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Juliane Trinogga
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jotaro Urabe
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 982-0011, Japan
| | - Wim Vyverman
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dedmer B Van de Waal
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Moorthi SD, Schmitt JA, Ryabov A, Tsakalakis I, Blasius B, Prelle L, Tiedemann M, Hodapp D. Unifying ecological stoichiometry and metabolic theory to predict production and trophic transfer in a marine planktonic food web. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0270. [PMID: 27114573 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Two ecological frameworks have been used to explain multitrophic interactions, but rarely in combination: (i) ecological stoichiometry (ES), explaining consumption rates in response to consumers' demand and prey's nutrient content; and (ii) metabolic theory of ecology (MTE), proposing that temperature and body mass affect metabolic rates, growth and consumption rates. Here we combined both, ES and MTE to investigate interactive effects of phytoplankton prey stoichiometry, temperature and zooplankton consumer body mass on consumer grazing rates and production in a microcosm experiment. A simple model integrating parameters from both frameworks was used to predict interactive effects of temperature and nutrient conditions on consumer performance. Overall, model predictions reflected experimental patterns well: consumer grazing rates and production increased with temperature, as could be expected based on MTE. With decreasing algal food quality, grazing rates increased due to compensatory feeding, while consumer growth rates and final biovolume decreased. Nutrient effects on consumer biovolume increased with increasing temperature, while nutrient effects on grazing rates decreased. Highly interactive effects of temperature and nutrient supply indicate that combining the frameworks of ES and MTE is highly important to enhance our ability to predict ecosystem functioning in the context of global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie D Moorthi
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Jennifer A Schmitt
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Alexey Ryabov
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ioannis Tsakalakis
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Bernd Blasius
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Lara Prelle
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Marc Tiedemann
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Dorothee Hodapp
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Weisser WW, Roscher C, Meyer ST, Ebeling A, Luo G, Allan E, Beßler H, Barnard RL, Buchmann N, Buscot F, Engels C, Fischer C, Fischer M, Gessler A, Gleixner G, Halle S, Hildebrandt A, Hillebrand H, de Kroon H, Lange M, Leimer S, Le Roux X, Milcu A, Mommer L, Niklaus PA, Oelmann Y, Proulx R, Roy J, Scherber C, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Scheu S, Tscharntke T, Wachendorf M, Wagg C, Weigelt A, Wilcke W, Wirth C, Schulze ED, Schmid B, Eisenhauer N. Biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning in a 15-year grassland experiment: Patterns, mechanisms, and open questions. Basic Appl Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
22
|
Jochum M, Barnes AD, Ott D, Lang B, Klarner B, Farajallah A, Scheu S, Brose U. Decreasing Stoichiometric Resource Quality Drives Compensatory Feeding across Trophic Levels in Tropical Litter Invertebrate Communities. Am Nat 2017; 190:131-143. [DOI: 10.1086/691790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
23
|
Lee ZMP, Poret-Peterson AT, Siefert JL, Kaul D, Moustafa A, Allen AE, Dupont CL, Eguiarte LE, Souza V, Elser JJ. Nutrient Stoichiometry Shapes Microbial Community Structure in an Evaporitic Shallow Pond. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:949. [PMID: 28611750 PMCID: PMC5447685 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient availability and ratios can play an important role in shaping microbial communities of freshwater ecosystems. The Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB) in Mexico is a desert oasis where, perhaps paradoxically, high microbial diversity coincides with extreme oligotrophy. To better understand the effects of nutrients on microbial communities in CCB, a mesocosm experiment was implemented in a stoichiometrically imbalanced pond, Lagunita, which has an average TN:TP ratio of 122 (atomic). The experiment had four treatments, each with five spatial replicates – unamended controls and three fertilization treatments with different nitrogen:phosphorus (N:P) regimes (P only, N:P = 16 and N:P = 75 by atoms). In the water column, quantitative PCR of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that P enrichment alone favored proliferation of bacterial taxa with high rRNA gene copy number, consistent with a previously hypothesized but untested connection between rRNA gene copy number and P requirement. Bacterial and microbial eukaryotic community structure was investigated by pyrosequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes from the planktonic and surficial sediment samples. Nutrient enrichment shifted the composition of the planktonic community in a treatment-specific manner and promoted the growth of previously rare bacterial taxa at the expense of the more abundant, potentially endemic, taxa. The eukaryotic community was highly enriched with phototrophic populations in the fertilized treatment. The sediment microbial community exhibited high beta diversity among replicates within treatments, which obscured any changes due to fertilization. Overall, these results showed that nutrient stoichiometry can be an important factor in shaping microbial community structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zarraz M-P Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, TempeAZ, United States
| | | | - Janet L Siefert
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, HoustonTX, United States
| | - Drishti Kaul
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La JollaCA, United States
| | - Ahmed Moustafa
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Graduate Program, American University in CairoNew Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andrew E Allen
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La JollaCA, United States.,Integrative Oceanography Division, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La JollaCA, United States
| | | | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México, Mexico
| | - Valeria Souza
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCiudad de México, Mexico
| | - James J Elser
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, TempeAZ, United States.,Flathead Lake Biological Station, University of Montana, PolsonMT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hodapp D, Hillebrand H, Blasius B, Ryabov AB. Environmental and trait variability constrain community structure and the biodiversity-productivity relationship. Ecology 2016; 97:1463-74. [DOI: 10.1890/15-0730.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Hodapp
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM); University of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 26129 Germany
| | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM); University of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 26129 Germany
| | - Bernd Blasius
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM); University of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 26129 Germany
| | - Alexey B. Ryabov
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM); University of Oldenburg; Oldenburg 26129 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Plum C, Hüsener M, Hillebrand H. Multiple vs. single phytoplankton species alter stoichiometry of trophic interaction with zooplankton. Ecology 2016; 96:3075-89. [PMID: 27070025 DOI: 10.1890/15-0393.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the progress made in explaining trophic interactions through the stoichiometric interplay between consumers and resources, it remains unclear how the number of species in a trophic group influences the effects of elemental imbalances in food webs. Therefore, we conducted a laboratory experiment to test the hypothesis that multispecies producer assemblages alter the nutrient dynamics in a pelagic community. Four algal species were reared in mono- and polycultures under a 2 x 2 factorial combination of light and nutrient supply, thereby contrasting the stoichiometry of trophic interactions involving single vs. multiple producer species. After 9 d, these cultures were fed to the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa, and we monitored biomass, resource use, and C:N:P stoichiometry in both phyto- and zooplankton. According to our expectations, light and N supply resulted in gradients of phytoplankton biomass and nutrient composition (C:N:P). Significant net diversity effects for algal biomass and C:N:P ratios reflected the greater responsiveness of the phytoplankton polyculture to altered resource supply compared to monocultures. These alterations of elemental ratios were common, and were partly triggered by changes in species frequency in the mixtures and partly by diversity-related changes in resource use. Copepod individual biomass increased under high light (HL) and N-reduced (-N) conditions, when food was high in C:N but low in C:P and N:P, whereas copepod growth was obviously P limited, and copepod stoichiometry was not affected by phytoplankton elemental composition. Correspondingly, copepod individual biomass reflected significant net diversity effects: compared to expectations- derived from monocultures, copepod individuals feeding on algal polycultures remained smaller than predicted under HL and N-sufficient (+N) conditions but grew larger than predicted under HL, -N and low light +N conditions. In conclusion, multiple producer species altered the stoichiometry of trophic interactions between phyto- and zooplankton, with divergent effects under high and low resource supply.
Collapse
|
26
|
Hines J, van der Putten WH, De Deyn GB, Wagg C, Voigt W, Mulder C, Weisser WW, Engel J, Melian C, Scheu S, Birkhofer K, Ebeling A, Scherber C, Eisenhauer N. Towards an Integration of Biodiversity–Ecosystem Functioning and Food Web Theory to Evaluate Relationships between Multiple Ecosystem Services. ADV ECOL RES 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aecr.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|