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Majelantle TL, Ganswindt A, Hart DW, Hagenah N, Ganswindt SB, Bennett NC. The dissection of a despotic society: exploration, dominance and hormonal traits. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20240371. [PMID: 38714210 PMCID: PMC11095815 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2024.0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber) live in large colonies with one breeding female (queen), one to three breeding males (BMs) and the remainder are non-reproductive subordinates. The animals have a linear dominance rank with the breeders at the top of the hierarchy. We investigated how dominance rank in naked mole-rats differs with exploration (the propensity to explore a novel environment) and related endocrine markers. Exploration behaviour, faecal progestagen metabolite (fPM), faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGCM), faecal androgen metabolite (fAM) and plasma prolactin concentrations were quantified in breeding, high-, middle- and low-ranked females and males from five naked mole-rat colonies. There were no significant differences between the dominance rank and exploration behaviour. Interestingly, the queens and high-ranking females had higher fGCM and fAM concentrations compared with middle- and low-ranked females. The queens had significantly higher fPM concentrations than all other ranked females, since they are responsible for procreation. In the males, the BMs had higher fGCM concentrations compared with high- and low-ranked males. In addition, BMs and middle-ranking males had overall higher prolactin levels than all other ranked males, which could be linked to cooperative care. Overall, the results suggest that physiological reproductive suppression is linked to high dominance rank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshepiso Lesedi Majelantle
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 400364, South Africa
| | - Andre Ganswindt
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 400364, South Africa
| | - Daniel William Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 400364, South Africa
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 400364, South Africa
| | - Stefanie Birgit Ganswindt
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 400364, South Africa
| | - Nigel Charles Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 400364, South Africa
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2
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Siebert J, Sünnemann M, Hautier Y, Risch AC, Bakker JD, Biederman L, Blumenthal DM, Borer ET, Bugalho MN, Broadbent AAD, Caldeira MC, Cleland E, Davies KF, Eskelinen A, Hagenah N, Knops JMH, MacDougall AS, McCulley RL, Moore JL, Power SA, Price JN, Seabloom EW, Standish R, Stevens CJ, Zimmermann S, Eisenhauer N. Drivers of soil microbial and detritivore activity across global grasslands. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1220. [PMID: 38040868 PMCID: PMC10692199 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Covering approximately 40% of land surfaces, grasslands provide critical ecosystem services that rely on soil organisms. However, the global determinants of soil biodiversity and functioning remain underexplored. In this study, we investigate the drivers of soil microbial and detritivore activity in grasslands across a wide range of climatic conditions on five continents. We apply standardized treatments of nutrient addition and herbivore reduction, allowing us to disentangle the regional and local drivers of soil organism activity. We use structural equation modeling to assess the direct and indirect effects of local and regional drivers on soil biological activities. Microbial and detritivore activities are positively correlated across global grasslands. These correlations are shaped more by global climatic factors than by local treatments, with annual precipitation and soil water content explaining the majority of the variation. Nutrient addition tends to reduce microbial activity by enhancing plant growth, while herbivore reduction typically increases microbial and detritivore activity through increased soil moisture. Our findings emphasize soil moisture as a key driver of soil biological activity, highlighting the potential impacts of climate change, altered grazing pressure, and eutrophication on nutrient cycling and decomposition within grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Siebert
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marie Sünnemann
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Community Ecology, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Lori Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - Dana M Blumenthal
- USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit, Fort Collins, CO, 80526, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior; University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Miguel N Bugalho
- Centre for Applied Ecology "Prof. Baeta Neves", School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Arthur A D Broadbent
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elsa Cleland
- Ecology, Behavior and Evolution Section, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr. #0116, La Jolla, California, 92093-0116, USA
| | - Kendi F Davies
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Anu Eskelinen
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Ecology and Genetics Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 8000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- Health & Environmental Sciences Department, Xi'an Jiatong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Andrew S MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, 123 Brown Street, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, 25 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Sally A Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Jodi N Price
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW, 2640, Australia
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior; University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Rachel Standish
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Stephan Zimmermann
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Forest Soils and Biogeochemistry, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Puschstrasse 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
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3
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Spohn M, Bagchi S, Biederman LA, Borer ET, Bråthen KA, Bugalho MN, Caldeira MC, Catford JA, Collins SL, Eisenhauer N, Hagenah N, Haider S, Hautier Y, Knops JMH, Koerner SE, Laanisto L, Lekberg Y, Martina JP, Martinson H, McCulley RL, Peri PL, Macek P, Power SA, Risch AC, Roscher C, Seabloom EW, Stevens C, Veen GFC, Virtanen R, Yahdjian L. The positive effect of plant diversity on soil carbon depends on climate. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6624. [PMID: 37857640 PMCID: PMC10587103 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42340-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is currently known about how climate modulates the relationship between plant diversity and soil organic carbon and the mechanisms involved. Yet, this knowledge is of crucial importance in times of climate change and biodiversity loss. Here, we show that plant diversity is positively correlated with soil carbon content and soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio across 84 grasslands on six continents that span wide climate gradients. The relationships between plant diversity and soil carbon as well as plant diversity and soil organic matter quality (carbon-to-nitrogen ratio) are particularly strong in warm and arid climates. While plant biomass is positively correlated with soil carbon, plant biomass is not significantly correlated with plant diversity. Our results indicate that plant diversity influences soil carbon storage not via the quantity of organic matter (plant biomass) inputs to soil, but through the quality of organic matter. The study implies that ecosystem management that restores plant diversity likely enhances soil carbon sequestration, particularly in warm and arid climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Spohn
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lennart Hjelms väg 9, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | | | - Lori A Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Kari Anne Bråthen
- Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT - Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Miguel N Bugalho
- Centre for Applied Ecology "Prof. Baeta Neves" (CEABN-InBIO), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Forest Research Centre, Associate Laboratory TERRA, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jane A Catford
- Department of Geography, King's College London, 30 Aldwych, London, WC2B 4BG, UK
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Scott L Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig University, Institute of Biology, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sylvia Haider
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Institute of Ecology, Universitätsallee 1, 21335, Lüneburg, Germany
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Biology and Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle, Germany
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- Health and Environmental Sciences, Xián Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sally E Koerner
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Lauri Laanisto
- Department of Biodiversity and Nature Tourism, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi St. 5, 51006, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ylva Lekberg
- MPG Ranch and University of Montana, Montana, USA
| | - Jason P Martina
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
| | - Holly Martinson
- Department of Biology, McDaniel College, Westminster, MD, 21157, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Pablo L Peri
- National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina
| | - Petr Macek
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Sadkach 7, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sally A Power
- Haweksbury Institute for the Environment, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstraße 4, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
- UFZ, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department Physiological Diversity, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA
| | - Carly Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - G F Ciska Veen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Risto Virtanen
- Ecology & Genetics, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laura Yahdjian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), CONICET, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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4
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Majelantle TL, Ganswindt A, Ganswindt SB, Hagenah N, Hart DW, Bennett NC. Non-Invasive Quantification of Faecal and Urine Reproductive Hormone Metabolites in the Naked Mole-Rat ( Heterocephalus glaber). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3039. [PMID: 37835644 PMCID: PMC10571929 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) occurs in colonies with a distinct dominance hierarchy, including one dominant, breeding female (the queen), 1-3 breeding males, and non-reproductive subordinates of both sexes that are reproductively suppressed while in the colony. To non-invasively evaluate reproductive capacity in the species, we first had to examine the suitability of enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for determining progestogen and androgen metabolite concentrations in the naked mole-rat, using urine and faeces. A saline control and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) were administered to twelve (six males and six females) naked mole-rats which were previously identified as dispersers and housed singly. The results revealed that urine is possibly not an ideal matrix for progestogen and androgen metabolite quantification in naked mole-rats as no signal was detected in the matrix post GnRH administration. A 5α-Progesterone EIA and an Epiandrosterone EIA were identified as suitable for quantifying faecal progesterone metabolites (fPMs) and faecal androgen metabolites (fAMs) in males and females, respectively. The results suggest that there are individual variations in baseline fPM and fAM concentrations, and only two out of six females and no males exhibited an increase in fPM concentrations greater than 100% (-20% SD) post GnRH administration. Conversely, only four out of six females and three out of six males had an increase in fAM concentrations greater than 100% (-20% SD) following GnRH administration. These results imply that some naked mole-rat individuals have a reduced reproductive capacity even when they are separated from the queen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tshepiso Lesedi Majelantle
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028, South Africa; (A.G.); (S.B.G.); (N.H.); (D.W.H.); (N.C.B.)
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5
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Wallace KME, Hart DW, Hagenah N, Ganswindt A, Bennett NC. A comprehensive profile of reproductive hormones in eusocial Damaraland mole-rats (Fukomys damarensis). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 333:114194. [PMID: 36538992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In species where sociality and group cohesion are primarily determined by the maintenance of a reproductive division of labour and cooperative behaviours, the eusocial Damaraland mole-rat (Fukomys damarensis) presents a model which provides behavioural and endocrine distinctions between sex (males and females) and reproductive class (breeders and non-breeders). Although previous studies have demonstrated the endocrine aspects of reproductive suppression and behaviour in Damaraland mole-rats, they have focused on one hormone separately and on different conspecifics and samples across time. Unfortunately, this could introduce extrinsic biases when using these studies to compile complete hormonal profiles for comparisons. This study, therefore, set out to obtain a profile of the reproductive hormones from breeding and non-breeding male and female Damaraland mole-rats at a single point in time, from which circulating plasma prolactin and urinary progesterone, testosterone, and cortisol were measured. As expected, plasma prolactin and urinary cortisol did not differ between the breeders and non-breeders. However, breeders (both male and female) possessed increased urinary testosterone and progesterone concentrations compared to their non-breeding counterparts. These results, in conjunction with the variation in the expression of the respective hormonal receptors within the brains of breeders and non-breeders suggest that elevated testosterone and progesterone in breeders establish a neural dominance phenotype, which ultimately aids in controlling breeding activities. This study has emphasised the need for holistic, comprehensive profiling of reproductive endocrine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra M E Wallace
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
| | - Daniel W Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Andre Ganswindt
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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6
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Ladouceur E, Blowes SA, Chase JM, Clark AT, Garbowski M, Alberti J, Arnillas CA, Bakker JD, Barrio IC, Bharath S, Borer ET, Brudvig LA, Cadotte MW, Chen Q, Collins SL, Dickman CR, Donohue I, Du G, Ebeling A, Eisenhauer N, Fay PA, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Jentsch A, Jónsdóttir IS, Komatsu K, MacDougall A, Martina JP, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Peri PL, Power S, Ren Z, Risch AC, Roscher C, Schuchardt M, Seabloom EW, Stevens CJ, Veen G(C, Virtanen R, Wardle GM, Wilfahrt PA, Harpole WS. Linking changes in species composition and biomass in a globally distributed grassland experiment. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2699-2712. [DOI: 10.1111/ele.14126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Ladouceur
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig Germany
- Department of Biology University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Shane A. Blowes
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Jonathan M. Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Computer Science Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Adam T. Clark
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Karl‐Franzens University of Graz Styria Austria
| | - Magda Garbowski
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig Germany
| | - Juan Alberti
- Laboratorio de Ecología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC) Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Carlos Alberto Arnillas
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle Washington USA
| | - Isabel C. Barrio
- Faculty of Environmental and Forest Sciences Agricultural University of Iceland Reykjavík Iceland
| | | | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | - Lars A. Brudvig
- Department of Plant Biology and Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Marc W. Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Science Peking University Beijing China
| | - Scott L. Collins
- Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
| | - Christopher R. Dickman
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Ian Donohue
- Department of Zoology Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland
| | - Guozhen Du
- School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Gansu China
| | - Anne Ebeling
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich‐Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle—Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Philip A. Fay
- USDA‐ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab Temple Texas USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | | | - Kimberly Komatsu
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater Maryland USA
| | - Andrew MacDougall
- Dept of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada
| | - Jason P. Martina
- Department of Biology Texas State University San Marcos Texas USA
| | - Joslin L. Moore
- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research Heidelberg Victoria Australia
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - John W. Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia
| | - Pablo L. Peri
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INTA) Southern Patagonia National University (UNPA) CONICET Santa Cruz Argentina
| | - Sally A. Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Penrith New South Wales Australia
| | - Zhengwei Ren
- School of Life Sciences Lanzhou University Gansu China
| | - Anita C. Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL Community Ecology Birmensdorf Switzerland
| | - Christiane Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig Germany
| | - Max A. Schuchardt
- Disturbance Ecology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany
| | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | | | - G.F. (Ciska) Veen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology Netherlands Institute of Ecology Wageningen the Netherlands
| | | | - Glenda M. Wardle
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Peter A. Wilfahrt
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of Minnesota St. Paul Minnesota USA
| | - W. Stanley Harpole
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Leipzig‐Halle‐Jena Leipzig Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle—Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
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7
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Hart DW, van Vuuren AKJ, Erasmus A, Süess T, Hagenah N, Ganswindt A, Bennett NC. The endocrine control of reproductive suppression in an aseasonally breeding social subterranean rodent, the Mahali mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus mahali). Horm Behav 2022; 142:105155. [PMID: 35334327 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative behaviour, sociality and reproductive suppression in African mole-rats have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, endocrine correlates of some species of social mole-rats have been neglected, and these species may hold the key to understanding the behavioural and physiological complexity that allows the maintenance of social groups in African mole-rats. In this study, we investigated endocrine correlates implicated in the suppression of reproduction and cooperative behaviours, namely glucocorticoids (a stress-related indicator) through faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCMs), plasma testosterone (an indicator of aggression) and plasma prolactin in the Mahali mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus mahali) across reproductive classes (breeding females and males, non-breeding females and males) and season (wet and dry). Breeders possessed higher levels of testosterone than non-breeders. In reproductively suppressed non-breeding females, fGCMs were significantly higher than in breeders. Furthermore, an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test (ACTH challenge test) on both male and female non-breeders revealed that female non-breeders show a more significant response to the ACTH challenge than males. At the same time, plasma prolactin levels were equally elevated to similar levels in breeding and non-breeding females. Chronically high levels of prolactin and fGCM are reported to cause reproductive suppression and promote cooperative behaviours in non-breeding animals. Furthermore, there was a negative relationship between plasma prolactin and progesterone in non-breeding females. However, during the wet season, a relaxation of suppression occurs through reduced prolactin which corresponds with elevated levels of plasma progesterone in non-breeding females. Therefore, prolactin is hypothesised to be the primary hormone controlling reproductive suppression and cooperative behaviours in non-breeding females. This study provides new endocrine findings for the maintenance of social suppression in the genus Cryptomys.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.
| | - A K Janse van Vuuren
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - A Erasmus
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - T Süess
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - N Hagenah
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - A Ganswindt
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - N C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
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8
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Arnillas CA, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Alberti J, Baez S, Bakker JD, Boughton EH, Buckley YM, Bugalho MN, Donohue I, Dwyer J, Firn J, Gridzak R, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Helm A, Jentsch A, Knops JMH, Komatsu KJ, Laanisto L, Laungani R, McCulley R, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Peri PL, Power SA, Price J, Sankaran M, Schamp B, Speziale K, Standish R, Virtanen R, Cadotte MW. Opposing community assembly patterns for dominant and nondominant plant species in herbaceous ecosystems globally. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:17744-17761. [PMID: 35003636 PMCID: PMC8717298 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Biotic and abiotic factors interact with dominant plants-the locally most frequent or with the largest coverage-and nondominant plants differently, partially because dominant plants modify the environment where nondominant plants grow. For instance, if dominant plants compete strongly, they will deplete most resources, forcing nondominant plants into a narrower niche space. Conversely, if dominant plants are constrained by the environment, they might not exhaust available resources but instead may ameliorate environmental stressors that usually limit nondominants. Hence, the nature of interactions among nondominant species could be modified by dominant species. Furthermore, these differences could translate into a disparity in the phylogenetic relatedness among dominants compared to the relatedness among nondominants. By estimating phylogenetic dispersion in 78 grasslands across five continents, we found that dominant species were clustered (e.g., co-dominant grasses), suggesting dominant species are likely organized by environmental filtering, and that nondominant species were either randomly assembled or overdispersed. Traits showed similar trends for those sites (<50%) with sufficient trait data. Furthermore, several lineages scattered in the phylogeny had more nondominant species than expected at random, suggesting that traits common in nondominants are phylogenetically conserved and have evolved multiple times. We also explored environmental drivers of the dominant/nondominant disparity. We found different assembly patterns for dominants and nondominants, consistent with asymmetries in assembly mechanisms. Among the different postulated mechanisms, our results suggest two complementary hypotheses seldom explored: (1) Nondominant species include lineages adapted to thrive in the environment generated by dominant species. (2) Even when dominant species reduce resources to nondominant ones, dominant species could have a stronger positive effect on some nondominants by ameliorating environmental stressors affecting them, than by depleting resources and increasing the environmental stress to those nondominants. These results show that the dominant/nondominant asymmetry has ecological and evolutionary consequences fundamental to understand plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Alberto Arnillas
- Department of Physical and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada
| | | | | | - Juan Alberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC, UNMdP, CONICET)Mar del PlataArgentina
| | - Selene Baez
- Department of BiologyEscuela Politécnica NacionalQuitoEcuador
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | | | - Yvonne M. Buckley
- School of Natural Sciences, ZoologyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Miguel Nuno Bugalho
- Centre for Applied Ecology Prof. Baeta Neves (CEABN‐InBIO)School of AgricultureUniversity of LisbonLisbonPortugal
| | - Ian Donohue
- School of Natural Sciences, ZoologyTrinity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - John Dwyer
- University of Queensland, School of Biological SciencesST‐LuciaQldAustralia
| | - Jennifer Firn
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT) BrisbaneQldAustralia
| | | | - Nicole Hagenah
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyMammal Research InstituteUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity GroupDepartment of BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Aveliina Helm
- Institute of Ecology and Earth SciencesUniversity of TartuTartuEstonia
| | - Anke Jentsch
- Department of Disturbance EcologyBayCEERUniversity of BayreuthBayreuthGermany
| | - Johannes M. H. Knops
- Department of Health and Environmental SciencesXi'an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhouChina
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNebraskaUSA
| | | | - Lauri Laanisto
- Department of Agricutural and Environmental SciencesEstonian University of Life SciencesTartuEstonia
| | | | - Rebecca McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil SciencesUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKentuckyUSA
| | - Joslin L. Moore
- School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVicAustralia
| | | | | | - Sally A. Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithAustralia
| | - Jodi Price
- Institute for Land, Water and SocietyCharles Sturt UniversityAlburyNSWAustralia
| | - Mahesh Sankaran
- National Centre for Biological SciencesTIFRBengaluruIndia
- School of BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | | | - Karina Speziale
- Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación, Laboratorio EcotonoINIBIOMA (CONICET‐UNCOMA)San Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina
| | - Rachel Standish
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, College of Science, Health, Engineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | | | - Marc W. Cadotte
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Toronto ScarboroughTorontoONCanada
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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9
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Tognetti PM, Prober SM, Báez S, Chaneton EJ, Firn J, Risch AC, Schuetz M, Simonsen AK, Yahdjian L, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Arnillas CA, Bakker JD, Brown CS, Cadotte MW, Caldeira MC, Daleo P, Dwyer JM, Fay PA, Gherardi LA, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Komatsu KJ, McCulley RL, Price JN, Standish RJ, Stevens CJ, Wragg PD, Sankaran M. Negative effects of nitrogen override positive effects of phosphorus on grassland legumes worldwide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2023718118. [PMID: 34260386 PMCID: PMC8285913 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023718118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic nutrient enrichment is driving global biodiversity decline and modifying ecosystem functions. Theory suggests that plant functional types that fix atmospheric nitrogen have a competitive advantage in nitrogen-poor soils, but lose this advantage with increasing nitrogen supply. By contrast, the addition of phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients may benefit such species in low-nutrient environments by enhancing their nitrogen-fixing capacity. We present a global-scale experiment confirming these predictions for nitrogen-fixing legumes (Fabaceae) across 45 grasslands on six continents. Nitrogen addition reduced legume cover, richness, and biomass, particularly in nitrogen-poor soils, while cover of non-nitrogen-fixing plants increased. The addition of phosphorous, potassium, and other nutrients enhanced legume abundance, but did not mitigate the negative effects of nitrogen addition. Increasing nitrogen supply thus has the potential to decrease the diversity and abundance of grassland legumes worldwide regardless of the availability of other nutrients, with consequences for biodiversity, food webs, ecosystem resilience, and genetic improvement of protein-rich agricultural plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M Tognetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina;
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia;
| | - Selene Báez
- Department of Biology, Escuela Politécnica Nacional del Ecuador, 17-01-2759 Quito, Ecuador
| | - Enrique J Chaneton
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Jennifer Firn
- Centre for the Environment, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Anita C Risch
- Community Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schuetz
- Community Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Anna K Simonsen
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199
| | - Laura Yahdjian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Carlos Alberto Arnillas
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Cynthia S Brown
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Marc W Cadotte
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Daleo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 7600 Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - John M Dwyer
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- Ecosciences Precinct, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Dutton Park, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Philip A Fay
- Grassland, Soil, and Water Research Lab, US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Temple, TX 76502
| | | | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, 0028 Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0312
| | - Jodi N Price
- Institute of Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia
| | - Rachel J Standish
- Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Wragg
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
| | - Mahesh Sankaran
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
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10
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Seabloom EW, Adler PB, Alberti J, Biederman L, Buckley YM, Cadotte MW, Collins SL, Dee L, Fay PA, Firn J, Hagenah N, Harpole WS, Hautier Y, Hector A, Hobbie SE, Isbell F, Knops JMH, Komatsu KJ, Laungani R, MacDougall A, McCulley RL, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Ohlert T, Prober SM, Risch AC, Schuetz M, Stevens CJ, Borer ET. Increasing effects of chronic nutrient enrichment on plant diversity loss and ecosystem productivity over time. Ecology 2021; 102:e03218. [PMID: 33058176 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Human activities are enriching many of Earth's ecosystems with biologically limiting mineral nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). In grasslands, this enrichment generally reduces plant diversity and increases productivity. The widely demonstrated positive effect of diversity on productivity suggests a potential negative feedback, whereby nutrient-induced declines in diversity reduce the initial gains in productivity arising from nutrient enrichment. In addition, plant productivity and diversity can be inhibited by accumulations of dead biomass, which may be altered by nutrient enrichment. Over longer time frames, nutrient addition may increase soil fertility by increasing soil organic matter and nutrient pools. We examined the effects of 5-11 yr of nutrient addition at 47 grasslands in 12 countries. Nutrient enrichment increased aboveground live biomass and reduced plant diversity at nearly all sites, and these effects became stronger over time. We did not find evidence that nutrient-induced losses of diversity reduced the positive effects of nutrients on biomass; however, nutrient effects on live biomass increased more slowly at sites where litter was also increasing, regardless of plant diversity. This work suggests that short-term experiments may underestimate the long-term nutrient enrichment effects on global grassland ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Peter B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, Utah, 84322, USA
| | - Juan Alberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), UNMdP-CONICET, FCEyN, CC1260, 7600, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Lori Biederman
- Ecology, Evolution, & Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 2200 Osborn Drive, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Yvonne M Buckley
- Zoology, School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Marc W Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Scott L Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA
| | - Laura Dee
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, 80302, USA
| | - Philip A Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil, and Water Laboratory, 808 East Blackland Road, Temple, Texas, 76502, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- Science and Engineering Faculty, School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.,Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, am Kirchtor 1, Halle (Saale), 06108, Germany
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Andy Hector
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Sarah E Hobbie
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Forest Isbell
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- Health & Environmental Sciences Department, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kimberly J Komatsu
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, Maryland, 21037, USA
| | - Ramesh Laungani
- Department of Biology, Doane University, 1014 Boswell Avenue, Crete, Nebraska, 68333, USA
| | - Andrew MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536-0312, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - John W Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - Timothy Ohlert
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87131, USA
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913, Australia
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schuetz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, Birmensdorf, 8903, Switzerland
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA
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11
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Blecher AS, Bennett NC, Medger K, Hagenah N, Ganswindt A, Oosthuizen MK. Effect of colony disruption and social isolation on naked mole-rat endocrine correlates. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 295:113520. [PMID: 32470474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The social environment of animals can have profound implications on their behaviour and physiology. Naked mole-rats (Heterocephalus glaber) are highly social with complex dominance hierarchies that influence both stress- and reproduction-related hormones. Homeostasis may be affected by aggressive interactions, colony instability and social isolation. Furthermore, naked mole-rat colonies are characterised by a marked reproductive skew; a single female and few males are reproductively active while other colony members are reproductively suppressed. Thus, there are distinct differences in related hormone concentrations between reproductively active and non-active animals; however, this changes when non-reproductive individuals are removed from the colony. We investigated the effects of social isolation and colony disruption on plasma cortisol and progesterone concentrations in non-breeding naked mole-rats. During colony disruption, we found a significant increase in cortisol concentrations in females removed from the colony for social isolation (experimental) as well as in females that remained in the colony (control). Cortisol concentrations were reduced in both groups after experimental animals were paired up. No changes in cortisol concentrations were observed in control or experimental males after removal from the colony or pairing. This suggests that the females, but not the males, found colony disruption and social isolation stressful. Upon removal from the colony, both control and experimental females showed a small increase in progesterone, which returned to basal levels again in the control animals. Experimental females showed a dramatic spike in progesterone when they were paired with males, indicating reproductive activation. The sex difference in the stress responses may be due to the stronger reproductive suppression imposed on females, or the increased likelihood of dispersal for males. It is clear that the social environment reflects on the endocrine correlates of animals living in a colony, and that the colony structure may affect the sensitivity of the animals to changes in their environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arantxa S Blecher
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Nigel C Bennett
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Katarina Medger
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - André Ganswindt
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Maria K Oosthuizen
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa; Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.
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12
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Firn J, McGree JM, Harvey E, Flores-Moreno H, Schütz M, Buckley YM, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, La Pierre KJ, MacDougall AM, Prober SM, Stevens CJ, Sullivan LL, Porter E, Ladouceur E, Allen C, Moromizato KH, Morgan JW, Harpole WS, Hautier Y, Eisenhauer N, Wright JP, Adler PB, Arnillas CA, Bakker JD, Biederman L, Broadbent AAD, Brown CS, Bugalho MN, Caldeira MC, Cleland EE, Ebeling A, Fay PA, Hagenah N, Kleinhesselink AR, Mitchell R, Moore JL, Nogueira C, Peri PL, Roscher C, Smith MD, Wragg PD, Risch AC. Author Correction: Leaf nutrients, not specific leaf area, are consistent indicators of elevated nutrient inputs. Nat Ecol Evol 2020; 4:886-891. [PMID: 32415288 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-1213-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Firn
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia.
| | - James M McGree
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eric Harvey
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Habacuc Flores-Moreno
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Martin Schütz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Yvonne M Buckley
- School of Natural Sciences, Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | | | - Andrew M MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Lauren L Sullivan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Erica Porter
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia
| | - Emma Ladouceur
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Charlotte Allen
- Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4000, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - John W Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Peter B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources/Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Carlos Alberto Arnillas
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lori Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Arthur A D Broadbent
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.,School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cynthia S Brown
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Miguel N Bugalho
- Centre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBIO), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elsa E Cleland
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anne Ebeling
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Philip A Fay
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Andrew R Kleinhesselink
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel Mitchell
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carla Nogueira
- Forest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pablo Luis Peri
- Department of Forestry, Agriculture and Water, National University-INTA-CONICET, Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina
| | - Christiane Roscher
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Melinda D Smith
- Department of Biology, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Peter D Wragg
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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13
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Sitters J, Wubs ERJ, Bakker ES, Crowther TW, Adler PB, Bagchi S, Bakker JD, Biederman L, Borer ET, Cleland EE, Eisenhauer N, Firn J, Gherardi L, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Hobbie SE, Knops JMH, MacDougall AS, McCulley RL, Moore JL, Mortensen B, Peri PL, Prober SM, Riggs C, Risch AC, Schütz M, Seabloom EW, Siebert J, Stevens CJ, Veen GF(C. Nutrient availability controls the impact of mammalian herbivores on soil carbon and nitrogen pools in grasslands. Glob Chang Biol 2020; 26:2060-2071. [PMID: 32012421 PMCID: PMC7155038 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Grasslands are subject to considerable alteration due to human activities globally, including widespread changes in populations and composition of large mammalian herbivores and elevated supply of nutrients. Grassland soils remain important reservoirs of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Herbivores may affect both C and N pools and these changes likely interact with increases in soil nutrient availability. Given the scale of grassland soil fluxes, such changes can have striking consequences for atmospheric C concentrations and the climate. Here, we use the Nutrient Network experiment to examine the responses of soil C and N pools to mammalian herbivore exclusion across 22 grasslands, under ambient and elevated nutrient availabilities (fertilized with NPK + micronutrients). We show that the impact of herbivore exclusion on soil C and N pools depends on fertilization. Under ambient nutrient conditions, we observed no effect of herbivore exclusion, but under elevated nutrient supply, pools are smaller upon herbivore exclusion. The highest mean soil C and N pools were found in grazed and fertilized plots. The decrease in soil C and N upon herbivore exclusion in combination with fertilization correlated with a decrease in aboveground plant biomass and microbial activity, indicating a reduced storage of organic matter and microbial residues as soil C and N. The response of soil C and N pools to herbivore exclusion was contingent on temperature - herbivores likely cause losses of C and N in colder sites and increases in warmer sites. Additionally, grasslands that contain mammalian herbivores have the potential to sequester more N under increased temperature variability and nutrient enrichment than ungrazed grasslands. Our study highlights the importance of conserving mammalian herbivore populations in grasslands worldwide. We need to incorporate local-scale herbivory, and its interaction with nutrient enrichment and climate, within global-scale models to better predict land-atmosphere interactions under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Sitters
- Department of Aquatic EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Ecology and BiodiversityDepartment BiologyVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - E. R. Jasper Wubs
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Sustainable Agroecosystems GroupInstitute of Agricultural SciencesDepartment of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Elisabeth S. Bakker
- Department of Aquatic EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas W. Crowther
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
- Institute of Integrative BiologyDepartment of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Peter B. Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology CenterUtah State UniversityLoganUTUSA
| | - Sumanta Bagchi
- Centre for Ecological SciencesIndian Institute of ScienceBangaloreIndia
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Lori Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIAUSA
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Eology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Elsa E. Cleland
- Ecology, Behavior & Evolution SectionUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Jennifer Firn
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)BrisbaneQldAustralia
| | - Laureano Gherardi
- School of Life Sciences and Global Drylands CenterArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Mammal Research InstituteDepartment of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity GroupDepartment of BiologyUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Sarah E. Hobbie
- Department of Eology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Johannes M. H. Knops
- Department of Health & Environmental ScienceXi’an Jiaotong Liverpool UniversitySuzhouChina
| | | | | | - Joslin L. Moore
- School of Biological SciencesMonash UniversityClaytonVic.Australia
| | | | - Pablo L. Peri
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA)Rio GallegosArgentina
- Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral (UNPA)‐CONICETRio GallegosArgentina
| | | | - Charlotte Riggs
- Department of Soil, Water, and ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Anita C. Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape ResearchBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Martin Schütz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape ResearchBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Department of Eology, Evolution, and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMNUSA
| | - Julia Siebert
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv)Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | | | - G. F. (Ciska) Veen
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)WageningenThe Netherlands
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14
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Risch AC, Zimmermann S, Ochoa-Hueso R, Schütz M, Frey B, Firn JL, Fay PA, Hagedorn F, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Harpole WS, Knops JMH, McCulley RL, Broadbent AAD, Stevens CJ, Silveira ML, Adler PB, Báez S, Biederman LA, Blair JM, Brown CS, Caldeira MC, Collins SL, Daleo P, di Virgilio A, Ebeling A, Eisenhauer N, Esch E, Eskelinen A, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Kirkman KP, MacDougall AS, Moore JL, Power SA, Prober SM, Roscher C, Sankaran M, Siebert J, Speziale KL, Tognetti PM, Virtanen R, Yahdjian L, Moser B. Soil net nitrogen mineralisation across global grasslands. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4981. [PMID: 31672992 PMCID: PMC6823350 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12948-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil nitrogen mineralisation (Nmin), the conversion of organic into inorganic N, is important for productivity and nutrient cycling. The balance between mineralisation and immobilisation (net Nmin) varies with soil properties and climate. However, because most global-scale assessments of net Nmin are laboratory-based, its regulation under field-conditions and implications for real-world soil functioning remain uncertain. Here, we explore the drivers of realised (field) and potential (laboratory) soil net Nmin across 30 grasslands worldwide. We find that realised Nmin is largely explained by temperature of the wettest quarter, microbial biomass, clay content and bulk density. Potential Nmin only weakly correlates with realised Nmin, but contributes to explain realised net Nmin when combined with soil and climatic variables. We provide novel insights of global realised soil net Nmin and show that potential soil net Nmin data available in the literature could be parameterised with soil and climate data to better predict realised Nmin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.
| | - S Zimmermann
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - R Ochoa-Hueso
- Department of Biology, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario (ceiA3), Campus Rio San Pedro, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - M Schütz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - B Frey
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - J L Firn
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - P A Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland Soil, and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - F Hagedorn
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - E T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - E W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - W S Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, Halle (Saale), 06108, Germany
| | - J M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, 211A Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
- Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215213, China
| | - R L McCulley
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546-0312, USA
| | - A A D Broadbent
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Michael Smith Building, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - C J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - M L Silveira
- University of Florida, Range Cattle Research and Education Center, Ona, FL, 33865, USA
| | - P B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT, 84103, USA
| | - S Báez
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional del Ecuador, Ladrón de Guevera E11-253 y Andalucía, Quito, Ecuador
| | - L A Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - J M Blair
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - C S Brown
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - M C Caldeira
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S L Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - P Daleo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - A di Virgilio
- INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación (GrInBiC) Laboratorio Ecotono, Quintral, 1250, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - A Ebeling
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - N Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - E Esch
- University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - A Eskelinen
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - N Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Y Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K P Kirkman
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, South Africa
| | - A S MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, N1G 2W1, ON, Canada
| | - J L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Claytion, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - S A Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - S M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
| | - C Roscher
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - M Sankaran
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bangalore, 560065, India
- School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - J Siebert
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K L Speziale
- INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCOMA), Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Grupo de Investigaciones en Biología de la Conservación (GrInBiC) Laboratorio Ecotono, Quintral, 1250, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - P M Tognetti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Virtanen
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - L Yahdjian
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Agronomía, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - B Moser
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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15
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Crowther TW, Riggs C, Lind EM, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Hobbie SE, Wubs J, Adler PB, Firn J, Gherardi L, Hagenah N, Hofmockel KS, Knops JMH, McCulley RL, MacDougall AS, Peri PL, Prober SM, Stevens CJ, Routh D. Sensitivity of global soil carbon stocks to combined nutrient enrichment. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:936-945. [PMID: 30884085 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Soil stores approximately twice as much carbon as the atmosphere and fluctuations in the size of the soil carbon pool directly influence climate conditions. We used the Nutrient Network global change experiment to examine how anthropogenic nutrient enrichment might influence grassland soil carbon storage at a global scale. In isolation, enrichment of nitrogen and phosphorous had minimal impacts on soil carbon storage. However, when these nutrients were added in combination with potassium and micronutrients, soil carbon stocks changed considerably, with an average increase of 0.04 KgCm-2 year-1 (standard deviation 0.18 KgCm-2 year-1 ). These effects did not correlate with changes in primary productivity, suggesting that soil carbon decomposition may have been restricted. Although nutrient enrichment caused soil carbon gains most dry, sandy regions, considerable absolute losses of soil carbon may occur in high-latitude regions that store the majority of the world's soil carbon. These mechanistic insights into the sensitivity of grassland carbon stocks to nutrient enrichment can facilitate biochemical modelling efforts to project carbon cycling under future climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Crowther
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Univeritätstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Riggs
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave. St, Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - E M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave. St, Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - E T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave. St, Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - E W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave. St, Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - S E Hobbie
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave. St, Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - J Wubs
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - P B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - J Firn
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane Queensland, 40000, Australia
| | - L Gherardi
- School of Life Sciences and Global Drylands Center, Arizona State University, Temple, USA
| | - N Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - K S Hofmockel
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA.,Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA
| | - J M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - R L McCulley
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - A S MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - P L Peri
- Department of Forestry, Agriculture and Water, National University-INTA-CONICET, Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina
| | - S M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913
| | - C J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - D Routh
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Univeritätstrasse 16, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Hodapp D, Borer ET, Harpole WS, Lind EM, Seabloom EW, Adler PB, Alberti J, Arnillas CA, Bakker JD, Biederman L, Cadotte M, Cleland EE, Collins S, Fay PA, Firn J, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Iribarne O, Knops JMH, McCulley RL, MacDougall A, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Mortensen B, La Pierre KJ, Risch AC, Schütz M, Peri P, Stevens CJ, Wright J, Hillebrand H. Spatial heterogeneity in species composition constrains plant community responses to herbivory and fertilisation. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1364-1371. [PMID: 29952114 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Environmental change can result in substantial shifts in community composition. The associated immigration and extinction events are likely constrained by the spatial distribution of species. Still, studies on environmental change typically quantify biotic responses at single spatial (time series within a single plot) or temporal (spatial beta diversity at single time points) scales, ignoring their potential interdependence. Here, we use data from a global network of grassland experiments to determine how turnover responses to two major forms of environmental change - fertilisation and herbivore loss - are affected by species pool size and spatial compositional heterogeneity. Fertilisation led to higher rates of local extinction, whereas turnover in herbivore exclusion plots was driven by species replacement. Overall, sites with more spatially heterogeneous composition showed significantly higher rates of annual turnover, independent of species pool size and treatment. Taking into account spatial biodiversity aspects will therefore improve our understanding of consequences of global and anthropogenic change on community dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Hodapp
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB), Ammerländer Heerstr. 231, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.,Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Eric M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Peter B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Juan Alberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC; UNMDP-CONICET), CC 1260, B7600WAG, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos A Arnillas
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto at Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Scarborough, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 354115, Seattle, WA, 98195-4115, USA
| | - Lori Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Marc Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Elsa E Cleland
- Ecology Behavior & Evolution Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Scott Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Philip A Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil, and Water Lab, 808 E. Blackland Road, Temple, TX, 76502, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT), School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Mammal Research Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar Iribarne
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 354115, Seattle, WA, 98195-4115, USA
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546-0091, USA
| | - Andrew MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - John W Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, 3083, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brent Mortensen
- Department of Biology, Benedictine College, 1020 North 2nd Street, Atchison, KS, 66002, USA
| | - Kimberly J La Pierre
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD, 21307, USA
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schütz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Pablo Peri
- Department of Forestry, Agriculture and Water, Southern Patagonia National University-INTA-CONICET, CC 332 (CP 9400), Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Justin Wright
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB), Ammerländer Heerstr. 231, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.,Plankton Ecology Lab, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Schleusenstr. 1, 26382, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
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17
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Anderson TM, Griffith DM, Grace JB, Lind EM, Adler PB, Biederman LA, Blumenthal DM, Daleo P, Firn J, Hagenah N, Harpole WS, MacDougall AS, McCulley RL, Prober SM, Risch AC, Sankaran M, Schütz M, Seabloom EW, Stevens CJ, Sullivan LL, Wragg PD, Borer ET. Herbivory and eutrophication mediate grassland plant nutrient responses across a global climatic gradient. Ecology 2018; 99:822-831. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Michael Anderson
- Department of Biology Wake Forest University Winston‐Salem North Carolina 27109 USA
| | - Daniel M. Griffith
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon 97333 USA
| | - James B. Grace
- US Geological Survey Wetland and Aquatic Research Center 700 Cajundome Blvd Lafayette Louisiana 70506 USA
| | - Eric M. Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Peter B. Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center Utah State University Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - Lori A. Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames Iowa 50011 USA
| | - Dana M. Blumenthal
- USDA‐ARS Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit Fort Collins Colorado 80526 USA
| | - Pedro Daleo
- Instituto de Investigaciónes Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), UNMdP, CONICET Mar del Plata Argentina
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environment and Biological Sciences Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Queensland 4001 Australia
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Scottsville South Africa
| | - W. Stanley Harpole
- Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Department of Physiological Diversity Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Deutscher Platz 5e Leipzig 04103 Germany
- Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg am Kirchtor 1 Halle (Saale) 06108 Germany
| | - Andrew S. MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology University of Guelph Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Rebecca L. McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky 40546 USA
| | - Suzanne M. Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water Private Bag 5 Wembley Western Australia 6913 Australia
| | - Anita C. Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Community Ecology Birmensdorf 8903 Switzerland
| | - Mahesh Sankaran
- Centre for Biological Sciences TIFR Bangalore 560065 India
- School of Biology University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | - Martin Schütz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Community Ecology Birmensdorf 8903 Switzerland
| | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Carly J. Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YQ UK
| | - Lauren L. Sullivan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Peter D. Wragg
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul Minnesota 55108 USA
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18
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Hautier Y, Isbell F, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Harpole WS, Lind EM, MacDougall AS, Stevens CJ, Adler PB, Alberti J, Bakker JD, Brudvig LA, Buckley YM, Cadotte M, Caldeira MC, Chaneton EJ, Chu C, Daleo P, Dickman CR, Dwyer JM, Eskelinen A, Fay PA, Firn J, Hagenah N, Hillebrand H, Iribarne O, Kirkman KP, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, McCulley RL, Morgan JW, Pärtel M, Pascual J, Price JN, Prober SM, Risch AC, Sankaran M, Schuetz M, Standish RJ, Virtanen R, Wardle GM, Yahdjian L, Hector A. Local loss and spatial homogenization of plant diversity reduce ecosystem multifunctionality. Nat Ecol Evol 2017; 2:50-56. [DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0395-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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19
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Lewandowska AM, Biermann A, Borer ET, Cebrián-Piqueras MA, Declerck SAJ, De Meester L, Van Donk E, Gamfeldt L, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Harpole WS, Kirkman KP, Klausmeier CA, Kleyer M, Knops JMH, Lemmens P, Lind EM, Litchman E, Mantilla-Contreras J, Martens K, Meier S, Minden V, Moore JL, Venterink HO, Seabloom EW, Sommer U, Striebel M, Trenkamp A, Trinogga J, Urabe J, Vyverman W, Van de Waal DB, Widdicombe CE, Hillebrand H. The influence of balanced and imbalanced resource supply on biodiversity-functioning relationship across ecosystems. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0283. [PMID: 27114584 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies show that increasing species richness leads to higher ecosystem productivity. This effect is often attributed to more efficient portioning of multiple resources in communities with higher numbers of competing species, indicating the role of resource supply and stoichiometry for biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships. Here, we merged theory on ecological stoichiometry with a framework of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning to understand how resource use transfers into primary production. We applied a structural equation model to define patterns of diversity-productivity relationships with respect to available resources. Meta-analysis was used to summarize the findings across ecosystem types ranging from aquatic ecosystems to grasslands and forests. As hypothesized, resource supply increased realized productivity and richness, but we found significant differences between ecosystems and study types. Increased richness was associated with increased productivity, although this effect was not seen in experiments. More even communities had lower productivity, indicating that biomass production is often maintained by a few dominant species, and reduced dominance generally reduced ecosystem productivity. This synthesis, which integrates observational and experimental studies in a variety of ecosystems and geographical regions, exposes common patterns and differences in biodiversity-functioning relationships, and increases the mechanistic understanding of changes in ecosystems productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Lewandowska
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Antje Biermann
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Miguel A Cebrián-Piqueras
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Steven A J Declerck
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Luc De Meester
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32 bus 2439, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Van Donk
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands Department of Ecology and Biodiversity, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584 Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Gamfeldt
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22B, 41319 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Daniel S Gruner
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Carbis Road, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 3, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kevin P Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Carbis Road, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Christopher A Klausmeier
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Michael Kleyer
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, 211 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Pieter Lemmens
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Charles Deberiotstraat 32 bus 2439, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eric M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Elena Litchman
- W. K. Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan State University, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jasmin Mantilla-Contreras
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Koen Martens
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (RBINSc), Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Meier
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Vanessa Minden
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Harry Olde Venterink
- Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Ulrich Sommer
- GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Maren Striebel
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Anastasia Trenkamp
- Institute of Biology and Chemistry, University of Hildesheim, Universitätsplatz 1, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Juliane Trinogga
- Institute for Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl von Ossietzky Straße 9-11, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jotaro Urabe
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 982-0011, Japan
| | - Wim Vyverman
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dedmer B Van de Waal
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstraße 1, 26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany
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20
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Flores-Moreno H, Reich PB, Lind EM, Sullivan LL, Seabloom EW, Yahdjian L, MacDougall AS, Reichmann LG, Alberti J, Báez S, Bakker JD, Cadotte MW, Caldeira MC, Chaneton EJ, D'Antonio CM, Fay PA, Firn J, Hagenah N, Harpole WS, Iribarne O, Kirkman KP, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, Laungani R, Leakey ADB, McCulley RL, Moore JL, Pascual J, Borer ET. Climate modifies response of non-native and native species richness to nutrient enrichment. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 371:rstb.2015.0273. [PMID: 27114575 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2015.0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecosystem eutrophication often increases domination by non-natives and causes displacement of native taxa. However, variation in environmental conditions may affect the outcome of interactions between native and non-native taxa in environments where nutrient supply is elevated. We examined the interactive effects of eutrophication, climate variability and climate average conditions on the success of native and non-native plant species using experimental nutrient manipulations replicated at 32 grassland sites on four continents. We hypothesized that effects of nutrient addition would be greatest where climate was stable and benign, owing to reduced niche partitioning. We found that the abundance of non-native species increased with nutrient addition independent of climate; however, nutrient addition increased non-native species richness and decreased native species richness, with these effects dampened in warmer or wetter sites. Eutrophication also altered the time scale in which grassland invasion responded to climate, decreasing the importance of long-term climate and increasing that of annual climate. Thus, climatic conditions mediate the responses of native and non-native flora to nutrient enrichment. Our results suggest that the negative effect of nutrient addition on native abundance is decoupled from its effect on richness, and reduces the time scale of the links between climate and compositional change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habacuc Flores-Moreno
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Eric M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Lauren L Sullivan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Laura Yahdjian
- IFEVA-CONICET and Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrew S MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Lara G Reichmann
- USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, TX 76502, USA
| | - Juan Alberti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Selene Báez
- Consorcio para el Desarrollo Sostenible de la Ecoregión Andina (CONDESAN), Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marc W Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto-Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 2M2
| | - Maria C Caldeira
- Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Enrique J Chaneton
- IFEVA-CONICET and Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carla M D'Antonio
- Environmental Studies Program, University of CA, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Philip A Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland, Soil and Water Research Laboratory, Temple, TX, TX 76502, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Oscar Iribarne
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Kevin P Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Kimberly J La Pierre
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Andrew D B Leakey
- Department of Plant Biology and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jesus Pascual
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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21
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Harpole WS, Sullivan LL, Lind EM, Firn J, Adler PB, Borer ET, Chase J, Fay PA, Hautier Y, Hillebrand H, MacDougall AS, Seabloom EW, Bakker JD, Cadotte MW, Chaneton EJ, Chu C, Hagenah N, Kirkman K, La Pierre KJ, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Prober SM, Risch AC, Schuetz M, Stevens CJ. Out of the shadows: multiple nutrient limitations drive relationships among biomass, light and plant diversity. Funct Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Stanley Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ Permoserstrasse 15 Leipzig 04318 Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e Leipzig 04103 Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Am Kirchtor 1 Halle (Saale) 06108 Germany
| | - Lauren L. Sullivan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Eric M. Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environmental and Bio‐logical Sciences, Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology (QUT) Brisbane Qld 4001 Australia
| | - Peter B. Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center Utah State University Logan UT 84322 USA
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Jonathan Chase
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e Leipzig 04103 Germany
- Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Am Kirchtor 1 Halle (Saale) 06108 Germany
| | - Philip A. Fay
- USDA‐ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab Temple TX 76502 USA
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group Department of Biology Utrecht University Padualaan 8 Utrecht CH 3584 The Netherlands
| | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment University of Oldenburg Schleusenstrasse 1 Wilhelmshaven D‐26381 Germany
| | | | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior University of MN St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Marc W. Cadotte
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto – Scarborough 1265 Military trail Toronto ON M1C 1A4 Canada
| | - Enrique J. Chaneton
- IFEVA/CONICET – Departamento de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente. Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de Buenos Aires Av. San Martín 4453 (C1417DSE) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Chengjin Chu
- SYSU‐Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Conservation State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Kevin Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences University of KwaZulu‐Natal Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Kimberly J. La Pierre
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Rd Edgewater MD 21037 USA
| | - Joslin L. Moore
- School of Biological Sciences Monash University Vic. 3800 Australia
| | - John W. Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution La Trobe University Bundoora Vic. 3086 Australia
| | | | - Anita C. Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Community Ecology Birmensdorf 8903 Switzerland
| | - Martin Schuetz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Community Ecology Birmensdorf 8903 Switzerland
| | - Carly J. Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YQ UK
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22
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Biederman L, Mortensen B, Fay P, Hagenah N, Knops J, La Pierre K, Laungani R, Lind E, McCulley R, Power S, Seabloom E, Tognetti P. Nutrient addition shifts plant community composition towards earlier flowering species in some prairie ecoregions in the U.S. Central Plains. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178440. [PMID: 28552986 PMCID: PMC5446158 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of flowering across the growing season is governed by each species’ evolutionary history and climatic variability. However, global change factors, such as eutrophication and invasion, can alter plant community composition and thus change the distribution of flowering across the growing season. We examined three ecoregions (tall-, mixed, and short-grass prairie) across the U.S. Central Plains to determine how nutrient (nitrogen (N), phosphorus, and potassium (+micronutrient)) addition alters the temporal patterns of plant flowering traits. We calculated total community flowering potential (FP) by distributing peak-season plant cover values across the growing season, allocating each species’ cover to only those months in which it typically flowers. We also generated separate FP profiles for exotic and native species and functional group. We compared the ability of the added nutrients to shift the distribution of these FP profiles (total and sub-groups) across the growing season. In all ecoregions, N increased the relative cover of both exotic species and C3 graminoids that flower in May through August. The cover of C4 graminoids decreased with added N, but the response varied by ecoregion and month. However, these functional changes only aggregated to shift the entire community’s FP profile in the tall-grass prairie, where the relative cover of plants expected to flower in May and June increased and those that flower in September and October decreased with added N. The relatively low native cover in May and June may leave this ecoregion vulnerable to disturbance-induced invasion by exotic species that occupy this temporal niche. There was no change in the FP profile of the mixed and short-grass prairies with N addition as increased abundance of exotic species and C3 graminoids replaced other species that flower at the same time. In these communities a disturbance other than nutrient addition may be required to disrupt phenological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Brent Mortensen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Philip Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Temple, Texas, United States of America
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
| | - Johannes Knops
- School of Biological Science, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Kimberly La Pierre
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Ramesh Laungani
- Department of Biology, Doane University, Crete, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Eric Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Rebecca McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Sally Power
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eric Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Pedro Tognetti
- IFEVA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Smith MD, Knapp AK, Collins SL, Burkepile DE, Kirkman KP, Koerner SE, Thompson DI, Blair JM, Burns CE, Eby S, Forrestel EJ, Fynn RW, Govender N, Hagenah N, Hoover DL, Wilcox KR. Shared Drivers but Divergent Ecological Responses: Insights from Long-Term Experiments in Mesic Savanna Grasslands. Bioscience 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biw077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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24
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Burkepile DE, Thompson DI, Fynn RWS, Koerner SE, Eby S, Govender N, Hagenah N, Lemoine NP, Matchett KJ, Wilcox KR, Collins SL, Kirkman KP, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Fire frequency drives habitat selection by a diverse herbivore guild impacting top-down control of plant communities in an African savanna. OIKOS 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deron E. Burkepile
- Dept of Biology; Florida International University; North Miami FL USA
- Dept of Ecology; Evolution and Marine Biology, Univ. of California - Santa Barbara; Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Dave I. Thompson
- South African Environmental Observation Network, Ndlovu Node, Scientific Services, Kruger National Park; Private Bag X1021 Phalaborwa 1389 South Africa
- School of Geography; Archaeology, and Environmental Studies, Univ. of the Witwatersrand; Private Bag 3 WITS 2050 South Africa
| | | | - Sally E. Koerner
- Dept of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Stephanie Eby
- Dept of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Navashni Govender
- Scientific Services, Kruger National Park; Private Bag X402 Skukuza 1350 South Africa
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences; Univ. of KwaZulu-Natal; Private Bag X01 Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Nathan P. Lemoine
- Dept of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Katherine J. Matchett
- School of Life Sciences; Univ. of KwaZulu-Natal; Private Bag X01 Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Kevin R. Wilcox
- Dept of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | | | - Kevin P. Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences; Univ. of KwaZulu-Natal; Private Bag X01 Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 South Africa
| | - Alan K. Knapp
- Dept of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
| | - Melinda D. Smith
- Dept of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology; Colorado State University; Fort Collins CO 80523 USA
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25
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Tredennick AT, Adler PB, Grace JB, Harpole WS, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, Anderson TM, Bakker JD, Biederman LA, Brown CS, Buckley YM, Chu C, Collins SL, Crawley MJ, Fay PA, Firn J, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Hector A, Hillebrand H, Kirkman K, Knops JMH, Laungani R, Lind EM, MacDougall AS, McCulley RL, Mitchell CE, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Orrock JL, Peri PL, Prober SM, Risch AC, Schütz M, Speziale KL, Standish RJ, Sullivan LL, Wardle GM, Williams RJ, Yang LH. Comment on “Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness”. Science 2016; 351:457. [PMID: 26823418 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad6236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Tredennick
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Peter B. Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - James B. Grace
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, 700 Cajundome Boulevard, Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - W. Stanley Harpole
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research – UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - T. Michael Anderson
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Box 7325 Reynolda Station, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, 3501 NE 41st Street, Box 354115, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lori A. Biederman
- Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Cynthia S. Brown
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, 307 University Avenue, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Yvonne M. Buckley
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Zoology, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Chengjin Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Xingang Xi Road 135, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Scott L. Collins
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Michael J. Crawley
- Department of Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Philip A. Fay
- Grassland, Soil, and Water Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 808 East Blackland Road, Temple, TX 76502, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological 42 Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Gardens Point, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4001
| | - Daniel S. Gruner
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 1 Carbis Road, Pietermaritzburg, 3201, South Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Biodiversity group, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Andy Hector
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382 Wihlhemshaven, Germany
| | - Kevin Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 1 Carbis Road, Pietermaritzburg, 3201, South Africa
| | - Johannes M. H. Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, 211 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Ramesh Laungani
- Biology Department, Doane College, 1014 Boswell Avenue, Crete, NE 68333, USA
| | - Eric M. Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Andrew S. MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Rebecca L. McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Kentucky, N-222D Ag Science North, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA
| | - Charles E. Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Wellington Road, Clayton 3800, Victoria, Australia
| | - John W. Morgan
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora 3086, Victoria, Australia
| | - John L. Orrock
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Pablo L. Peri
- Department of Forestry, Agriculture and Water, Southern Patagonia National University-INTA-CONICET, CC 332 (CP 9400), Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina
| | - Suzanne M. Prober
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia
| | - Anita C. Risch
- Community Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schütz
- Community Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Zuercherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Karina L. Speziale
- Department of Ecology, INIBIOMA (CONICET-UNCO), Quintral 1250, Bariloche (8400), Rio Negro, Argentina
| | - Rachel J. Standish
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, 90 South Street, Murdoch, Western Australia 6150
| | - Lauren L. Sullivan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Glenda M. Wardle
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Sydney, Heydon-Laurence Building, A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ryan J. Williams
- Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Louie H. Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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26
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Seabloom EW, Borer ET, Buckley YM, Cleland EE, Davies KF, Firn J, Harpole WS, Hautier Y, Lind EM, MacDougall AS, Orrock JL, Prober SM, Adler PB, Anderson TM, Bakker JD, Biederman LA, Blumenthal DM, Brown CS, Brudvig LA, Cadotte M, Chu C, Cottingham KL, Crawley MJ, Damschen EI, Dantonio CM, DeCrappeo NM, Du G, Fay PA, Frater P, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Hector A, Hillebrand H, Hofmockel KS, Humphries HC, Jin VL, Kay A, Kirkman KP, Klein JA, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, Ladwig L, Lambrinos JG, Li Q, Li W, Marushia R, McCulley RL, Melbourne BA, Mitchell CE, Moore JL, Morgan J, Mortensen B, O'Halloran LR, Pyke DA, Risch AC, Sankaran M, Schuetz M, Simonsen A, Smith MD, Stevens CJ, Sullivan L, Wolkovich E, Wragg PD, Wright J, Yang L. Plant species' origin predicts dominance and response to nutrient enrichment and herbivores in global grasslands. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7710. [PMID: 26173623 PMCID: PMC4518311 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic species dominate many communities; however the functional significance of species' biogeographic origin remains highly contentious. This debate is fuelled in part by the lack of globally replicated, systematic data assessing the relationship between species provenance, function and response to perturbations. We examined the abundance of native and exotic plant species at 64 grasslands in 13 countries, and at a subset of the sites we experimentally tested native and exotic species responses to two fundamental drivers of invasion, mineral nutrient supplies and vertebrate herbivory. Exotic species are six times more likely to dominate communities than native species. Furthermore, while experimental nutrient addition increases the cover and richness of exotic species, nutrients decrease native diversity and cover. Native and exotic species also differ in their response to vertebrate consumer exclusion. These results suggest that species origin has functional significance, and that eutrophication will lead to increased exotic dominance in grasslands. It remains unclear whether exotic and native species are functionally different. Using a global grassland experiment, Seabloom et al. show that native and exotic species respond differently to two globally pervasive environmental changes, addition of mineral nutrients and alteration of herbivore density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Yvonne M Buckley
- 1] ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia. [2] School of Natural Sciences &Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Zoology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Elsa E Cleland
- Ecology, Behavior &Evolution Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Kendi F Davies
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- 1] Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany. [2] German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [3] Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yann Hautier
- 1] Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA. [2] Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, Netherlands
| | - Eric M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Andrew S MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - John L Orrock
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Wembley, Western Australia 6913, Australia
| | - Peter B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, USA
| | - T Michael Anderson
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Lori A Biederman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Dana M Blumenthal
- Rangeland Resources Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA
| | - Cynthia S Brown
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Lars A Brudvig
- Michigan State University, Department of Plant Biology, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Marc Cadotte
- University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Chengjin Chu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kathryn L Cottingham
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA
| | - Michael J Crawley
- Department Biology, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Ellen I Damschen
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Carla M Dantonio
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Nicole M DeCrappeo
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Guozhen Du
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Philip A Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab, Temple, Texas 76502, USA
| | - Paul Frater
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Daniel S Gruner
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- 1] School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa. [2] Department of Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Andy Hector
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Carl-von-Ossietzky University, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Wilhelmshaven 26382, Germany
| | - Kirsten S Hofmockel
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | | | - Virginia L Jin
- USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583, USA
| | - Adam Kay
- Biology Department, University of St Thomas, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55105, USA
| | - Kevin P Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Julia A Klein
- Department of Ecosystem Science &Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Kimberly J La Pierre
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Laura Ladwig
- Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - John G Lambrinos
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Wei Li
- 1] Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA. [2] Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | | | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant &Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Brett A Melbourne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Charles E Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- 1] Australian Research Centre for Urban Ecology, Melbourne, c/o School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. [2] School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - John Morgan
- Department of Botany, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Brent Mortensen
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Lydia R O'Halloran
- Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - David A Pyke
- U.S. Geological Survey Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Mahesh Sankaran
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bellary Road, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Martin Schuetz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Anna Simonsen
- University of Toronto St George, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 2J7
| | - Melinda D Smith
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Center, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Lauren Sullivan
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Elizabeth Wolkovich
- Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Peter D Wragg
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Justin Wright
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Box 90338, Durham North Carolina, USA
| | - Louie Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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27
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Fay PA, Prober SM, Harpole WS, Knops JMH, Bakker JD, Borer ET, Lind EM, MacDougall AS, Seabloom EW, Wragg PD, Adler PB, Blumenthal DM, Buckley YM, Chu C, Cleland EE, Collins SL, Davies KF, Du G, Feng X, Firn J, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Heckman RW, Jin VL, Kirkman KP, Klein J, Ladwig LM, Li Q, McCulley RL, Melbourne BA, Mitchell CE, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Risch AC, Schütz M, Stevens CJ, Wedin DA, Yang LH. Grassland productivity limited by multiple nutrients. Nat Plants 2015; 1:15080. [PMID: 27250253 DOI: 10.1038/nplants.2015.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial ecosystem productivity is widely accepted to be nutrient limited(1). Although nitrogen (N) is deemed a key determinant of aboveground net primary production (ANPP)(2,3), the prevalence of co-limitation by N and phosphorus (P) is increasingly recognized(4-8). However, the extent to which terrestrial productivity is co-limited by nutrients other than N and P has remained unclear. Here, we report results from a standardized factorial nutrient addition experiment, in which we added N, P and potassium (K) combined with a selection of micronutrients (K+μ), alone or in concert, to 42 grassland sites spanning five continents, and monitored ANPP. Nutrient availability limited productivity at 31 of the 42 grassland sites. And pairwise combinations of N, P, and K+μ co-limited ANPP at 29 of the sites. Nitrogen limitation peaked in cool, high latitude sites. Our findings highlight the importance of less studied nutrients, such as K and micronutrients, for grassland productivity, and point to significant variations in the type and degree of nutrient limitation. We suggest that multiple-nutrient constraints must be considered when assessing the ecosystem-scale consequences of nutrient enrichment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A Fay
- USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab, Temple, Texas 76502, USA
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia 6913, Australia
| | - W Stanley Harpole
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
- Department of Physiological Diversity, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr. 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, Halle (Saale) 06108, Germany
| | - Johannes M H Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Jonathan D Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Elizabeth T Borer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Eric M Lind
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Andrew S MacDougall
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Peter D Wragg
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Peter B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, USA
| | - Dana M Blumenthal
- USDA-ARS Rangeland Resources Research Unit, Fort Collins, Colorado 80526, USA
| | - Yvonne M Buckley
- School of Natural Sciences, Zoology, Trinity Centre for Biodiversity Research, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Chengjin Chu
- Research Station of Alpine Meadow and Wetland Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Elsa E Cleland
- Ecology, Behavior &Evolution Section, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Scott L Collins
- Department of Biology, MSC03-2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - Kendi F Davies
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Guozhen Du
- Research Station of Alpine Meadow and Wetland Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaohui Feng
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- School of Earth, Environment and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia
| | - Daniel S Gruner
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Yann Hautier
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht, CH 3584, Netherlands
| | - Robert W Heckman
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Virginia L Jin
- USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, Lincoln, Nebraska 68538, USA
| | - Kevin P Kirkman
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg 3209, South Africa
| | - Julia Klein
- Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Watershed Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Laura M Ladwig
- Department of Biology, MSC03-2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| | - Rebecca L McCulley
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
| | - Brett A Melbourne
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Charles E Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Joslin L Moore
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - John W Morgan
- Department of Botany, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3083, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anita C Risch
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Community Ecology, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schütz
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, Community Ecology, Birmensdorf 8903, Switzerland
| | - Carly J Stevens
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - David A Wedin
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583, USA
| | - Louie H Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Shrader AM, Post JF, Hagenah N, Bateman PW. Is a reduction in the individual vigilance of mothers a key evolutionary driver of group formation in white rhinos? African Zoology 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15627020.2013.11407573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Prober SM, Leff JW, Bates ST, Borer ET, Firn J, Harpole WS, Lind EM, Seabloom EW, Adler PB, Bakker JD, Cleland EE, DeCrappeo NM, DeLorenze E, Hagenah N, Hautier Y, Hofmockel KS, Kirkman KP, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, MacDougall AS, McCulley RL, Mitchell CE, Risch AC, Schuetz M, Stevens CJ, Williams RJ, Fierer N. Plant diversity predicts beta but not alpha diversity of soil microbes across grasslands worldwide. Ecol Lett 2014; 18:85-95. [PMID: 25430889 DOI: 10.1111/ele.12381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aboveground-belowground interactions exert critical controls on the composition and function of terrestrial ecosystems, yet the fundamental relationships between plant diversity and soil microbial diversity remain elusive. Theory predicts predominantly positive associations but tests within single sites have shown variable relationships, and associations between plant and microbial diversity across broad spatial scales remain largely unexplored. We compared the diversity of plant, bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities in one hundred and forty-five 1 m(2) plots across 25 temperate grassland sites from four continents. Across sites, the plant alpha diversity patterns were poorly related to those observed for any soil microbial group. However, plant beta diversity (compositional dissimilarity between sites) was significantly correlated with the beta diversity of bacterial and fungal communities, even after controlling for environmental factors. Thus, across a global range of temperate grasslands, plant diversity can predict patterns in the composition of soil microbial communities, but not patterns in alpha diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA, 6913, Australia
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Koerner SE, Burkepile DE, Fynn RWS, Burns CE, Eby S, Govender N, Hagenah N, Matchett KJ, Thompson DI, Wilcox KR, Collins SL, Kirkman KP, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Plant community response to loss of large herbivores differs between North American and South African savanna grasslands. Ecology 2014; 95:808-16. [PMID: 24933802 DOI: 10.1890/13-1828.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Herbivory and fire shape plant community structure in grass-dominated ecosystems, but these disturbance regimes are being altered around the world. To assess the consequences of such alterations, we excluded large herbivores for seven years from mesic savanna grasslands sites burned at different frequencies in North America (Konza Prairie Biological Station, Kansas, USA) and South Africa (Kruger National Park). We hypothesized that the removal of a single grass-feeding herbivore from Konza would decrease plant community richness and shift community composition due to increased dominance by grasses. Similarly, we expected grass dominance to increase at Kruger when removing large herbivores, but because large herbivores are more diverse, targeting both grasses and forbs, at this study site, the changes due to herbivore removal would be muted. After seven years of large-herbivore exclusion, richness strongly decreased and community composition changed at Konza, whereas little change was evident at Kruger. We found that this divergence in response was largely due to differences in the traits and numbers of dominant grasses between the study sites rather than the predicted differences in herbivore assemblages. Thus, the diversity of large herbivores lost may be less important in determining plant community dynamics than the functional traits of the grasses that dominate mesic, disturbance-maintained savanna grasslands.
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Eby S, Burkepile DE, Fynn RWS, Burns CE, Govender N, Hagenah N, Koerner SE, Matchett KJ, Thompson DI, Wilcox KR, Collins SL, Kirkman KP, Knapp AK, Smith MD. Loss of a large grazer impacts savanna grassland plant communities similarly in North America and South Africa. Oecologia 2014; 175:293-303. [PMID: 24554031 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-2895-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Eby
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA,
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Seabloom EW, Borer ET, Buckley Y, Cleland EE, Davies K, Firn J, Harpole WS, Hautier Y, Lind E, MacDougall A, Orrock JL, Prober SM, Adler P, Alberti J, Anderson TM, Bakker JD, Biederman LA, Blumenthal D, Brown CS, Brudvig LA, Caldeira M, Chu C, Crawley MJ, Daleo P, Damschen EI, D'Antonio CM, DeCrappeo NM, Dickman CR, Du G, Fay PA, Frater P, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Hector A, Helm A, Hillebrand H, Hofmockel KS, Humphries HC, Iribarne O, Jin VL, Kay A, Kirkman KP, Klein JA, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, Ladwig LM, Lambrinos JG, Leakey ADB, Li Q, Li W, McCulley R, Melbourne B, Mitchell CE, Moore JL, Morgan J, Mortensen B, O'Halloran LR, Pärtel M, Pascual J, Pyke DA, Risch AC, Salguero-Gómez R, Sankaran M, Schuetz M, Simonsen A, Smith M, Stevens C, Sullivan L, Wardle GM, Wolkovich EM, Wragg PD, Wright J, Yang L. Predicting invasion in grassland ecosystems: is exotic dominance the real embarrassment of richness? Glob Chang Biol 2013; 19:3677-3687. [PMID: 24038796 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Invasions have increased the size of regional species pools, but are typically assumed to reduce native diversity. However, global-scale tests of this assumption have been elusive because of the focus on exotic species richness, rather than relative abundance. This is problematic because low invader richness can indicate invasion resistance by the native community or, alternatively, dominance by a single exotic species. Here, we used a globally replicated study to quantify relationships between exotic richness and abundance in grass-dominated ecosystems in 13 countries on six continents, ranging from salt marshes to alpine tundra. We tested effects of human land use, native community diversity, herbivore pressure, and nutrient limitation on exotic plant dominance. Despite its widespread use, exotic richness was a poor proxy for exotic dominance at low exotic richness, because sites that contained few exotic species ranged from relatively pristine (low exotic richness and cover) to almost completely exotic-dominated ones (low exotic richness but high exotic cover). Both exotic cover and richness were predicted by native plant diversity (native grass richness) and land use (distance to cultivation). Although climate was important for predicting both exotic cover and richness, climatic factors predicting cover (precipitation variability) differed from those predicting richness (maximum temperature and mean temperature in the wettest quarter). Herbivory and nutrient limitation did not predict exotic richness or cover. Exotic dominance was greatest in areas with low native grass richness at the site- or regional-scale. Although this could reflect native grass displacement, a lack of biotic resistance is a more likely explanation, given that grasses comprise the most aggressive invaders. These findings underscore the need to move beyond richness as a surrogate for the extent of invasion, because this metric confounds monodominance with invasion resistance. Monitoring species' relative abundance will more rapidly advance our understanding of invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Seabloom
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of MN, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
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O'Halloran LR, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, MacDougall AS, Cleland EE, McCulley RL, Hobbie S, Harpole WS, DeCrappeo NM, Chu C, Bakker JD, Davies KF, Du G, Firn J, Hagenah N, Hofmockel KS, Knops JMH, Li W, Melbourne BA, Morgan JW, Orrock JL, Prober SM, Stevens CJ. Regional contingencies in the relationship between aboveground biomass and litter in the world's grasslands. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54988. [PMID: 23405103 PMCID: PMC3566150 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on regional-scale studies, aboveground production and litter decomposition are thought to positively covary, because they are driven by shared biotic and climatic factors. Until now we have been unable to test whether production and decomposition are generally coupled across climatically dissimilar regions, because we lacked replicated data collected within a single vegetation type across multiple regions, obfuscating the drivers and generality of the association between production and decomposition. Furthermore, our understanding of the relationships between production and decomposition rests heavily on separate meta-analyses of each response, because no studies have simultaneously measured production and the accumulation or decomposition of litter using consistent methods at globally relevant scales. Here, we use a multi-country grassland dataset collected using a standardized protocol to show that live plant biomass (an estimate of aboveground net primary production) and litter disappearance (represented by mass loss of aboveground litter) do not strongly covary. Live biomass and litter disappearance varied at different spatial scales. There was substantial variation in live biomass among continents, sites and plots whereas among continent differences accounted for most of the variation in litter disappearance rates. Although there were strong associations among aboveground biomass, litter disappearance and climatic factors in some regions (e.g. U.S. Great Plains), these relationships were inconsistent within and among the regions represented by this study. These results highlight the importance of replication among regions and continents when characterizing the correlations between ecosystem processes and interpreting their global-scale implications for carbon flux. We must exercise caution in parameterizing litter decomposition and aboveground production in future regional and global carbon models as their relationship is complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Hagenah
- Mammal Research Institute (MRI); Department of Zoology & Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria; South Africa
| | - N. C. Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute (MRI); Department of Zoology & Entomology; University of Pretoria; Pretoria; South Africa
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Grace JB, Adler PB, Seabloom EW, Borer ET, Hillebrand H, Hautier Y, Hector A, Harpole WS, O'Halloran LR, Anderson TM, Bakker JD, Brown CS, Buckley YM, Collins SL, Cottingham KL, Crawley MJ, Damschen EI, Davies KF, DeCrappeo NM, Fay PA, Firn J, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Jin VL, Kirkman KP, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, Lambrinos JG, Melbourne BA, Mitchell CE, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Orrock JL, Prober SM, Stevens CJ, Wragg PD, Yang LH. Response to Comments on “Productivity Is a Poor Predictor of Plant Species Richness”. Science 2012. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1214939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James B. Grace
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajundome Boulevard, Lafayette, LA 70506, USA
| | - Peter B. Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Eric W. Seabloom
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Elizabeth T. Borer
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Helmut Hillebrand
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Schleusenstrasse 1, Wilhelmshaven, D-26381, Germany
| | - Yann Hautier
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
| | - Andy Hector
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
- Microsoft Research, 7 J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FB, UK
| | - W. Stanley Harpole
- Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, 133 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Lydia R. O'Halloran
- Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, 3029 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - T. Michael Anderson
- Department of Biology, 206 Winston Hall, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109, USA
| | - Jonathan D. Bakker
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Box 354115, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–4115, USA
| | - Cynthia S. Brown
- Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, 1177 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523–1177, USA
| | - Yvonne M. Buckley
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Scott L. Collins
- Department of Biology, MSC03-2020, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Crawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berks, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Ellen I. Damschen
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Kendi F. Davies
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCB 334, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Nicole M. DeCrappeo
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, 3200 Southwest Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Philip A. Fay
- Grassland Soil and Water Research Lab, USDA ARS, 808 East Blackland Road, Temple, TX 76502, USA
| | - Jennifer Firn
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biogeosciences, Brisbane QLD, 4001 Australia
| | - Daniel S. Gruner
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, 4112 Plant Sciences, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Nicole Hagenah
- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, 3209, South Africa
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Virginia L. Jin
- Agroecosystem Management Research Unit, 137 Keim Hall, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583–0937, USA
| | - Kevin P. Kirkman
- School of Biological and Conservation Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, 3209, South Africa
| | - Johannes M. H. Knops
- School of Biological Sciences, 348 Manter Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Kimberly J. La Pierre
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - John G. Lambrinos
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, 4017 Agricultural and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Brett A. Melbourne
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCB 334, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Charles E. Mitchell
- Department of Biology, 411 Coker Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–3280, USA
| | - Joslin L. Moore
- School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - John W. Morgan
- Department of Botany, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - John L. Orrock
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Suzanne M. Prober
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Ecosystem Sciences, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913, Australia
| | - Carly J. Stevens
- Department of Life Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, MK7 6AA, UK
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Peter D. Wragg
- Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Louie H. Yang
- Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Adler PB, Seabloom EW, Borer ET, Hillebrand H, Hautier Y, Hector A, Harpole WS, O'Halloran LR, Grace JB, Anderson TM, Bakker JD, Biederman LA, Brown CS, Buckley YM, Calabrese LB, Chu CJ, Cleland EE, Collins SL, Cottingham KL, Crawley MJ, Damschen EI, Davies KF, DeCrappeo NM, Fay PA, Firn J, Frater P, Gasarch EI, Gruner DS, Hagenah N, Hille Ris Lambers J, Humphries H, Jin VL, Kay AD, Kirkman KP, Klein JA, Knops JMH, La Pierre KJ, Lambrinos JG, Li W, MacDougall AS, McCulley RL, Melbourne BA, Mitchell CE, Moore JL, Morgan JW, Mortensen B, Orrock JL, Prober SM, Pyke DA, Risch AC, Schuetz M, Smith MD, Stevens CJ, Sullivan LL, Wang G, Wragg PD, Wright JP, Yang LH. Productivity is a poor predictor of plant species richness. Science 2011; 333:1750-3. [PMID: 21940895 DOI: 10.1126/science.1204498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
For more than 30 years, the relationship between net primary productivity and species richness has generated intense debate in ecology about the processes regulating local diversity. The original view, which is still widely accepted, holds that the relationship is hump-shaped, with richness first rising and then declining with increasing productivity. Although recent meta-analyses questioned the generality of hump-shaped patterns, these syntheses have been criticized for failing to account for methodological differences among studies. We addressed such concerns by conducting standardized sampling in 48 herbaceous-dominated plant communities on five continents. We found no clear relationship between productivity and fine-scale (meters(-2)) richness within sites, within regions, or across the globe. Ecologists should focus on fresh, mechanistic approaches to understanding the multivariate links between productivity and richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Adler
- Department of Wildland Resources and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322, USA.
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37
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Firn J, Moore JL, MacDougall AS, Borer ET, Seabloom EW, HilleRisLambers J, Harpole WS, Cleland EE, Brown CS, Knops JMH, Prober SM, Pyke DA, Farrell KA, Bakker JD, O'Halloran LR, Adler PB, Collins SL, D'Antonio CM, Crawley MJ, Wolkovich EM, La Pierre KJ, Melbourne BA, Hautier Y, Morgan JW, Leakey ADB, Kay A, McCulley R, Davies KF, Stevens CJ, Chu CJ, Holl KD, Klein JA, Fay PA, Hagenah N, Kirkman KP, Buckley YM. Abundance of introduced species at home predicts abundance away in herbaceous communities. Ecol Lett 2011; 14:274-81. [PMID: 21281419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01584.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many ecosystems worldwide are dominated by introduced plant species, leading to loss of biodiversity and ecosystem function. A common but rarely tested assumption is that these plants are more abundant in introduced vs. native communities, because ecological or evolutionary-based shifts in populations underlie invasion success. Here, data for 26 herbaceous species at 39 sites, within eight countries, revealed that species abundances were similar at native (home) and introduced (away) sites - grass species were generally abundant home and away, while forbs were low in abundance, but more abundant at home. Sites with six or more of these species had similar community abundance hierarchies, suggesting that suites of introduced species are assembling similarly on different continents. Overall, we found that substantial changes to populations are not necessarily a pre-condition for invasion success and that increases in species abundance are unusual. Instead, abundance at home predicts abundance away, a potentially useful additional criterion for biosecurity programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Firn
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, St. Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia.
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Weidt A, Hagenah N, Randrianambinina B, Radespiel U, Zimmermann E. Social organization of the golden brown mouse lemur (Microcebus ravelobensis). Am J Phys Anthropol 2003; 123:40-51. [PMID: 14669235 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.10296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Our study provides the first data on the social organization of the golden brown mouse lemur, a nocturnal primate discovered in northwestern Madagascar in 1994. The study was carried out in two 6-month field periods during the dry season, covering time before and during the mating season. The spatial and temporal distributions of the sexes in the population were investigated by mark/recapture and radiotelemetry. Focal observations and the determination of sleeping associations provided further insights into the sociality of this solitary forager. High intra- and intersexual home-range overlaps occurred throughout the study. In general, individuals of both sexes had spatial access to more than one conspecific of the same and the opposite sex. We found no indication for spatial monopolization of females by certain males. These results suggest a dispersed multimale/multifemale system with a promiscuous mating pattern. Individuals showed temporal stability in their home range locations and interacted regularly with conspecifics. Five sleeping groups were identified during the study period: one female group and four mixed-sex groups. Even though sleeping sites were changed frequently, sleeping-group compositions remained stable over time. Thermoregulatory constraints are the most likely explanation for sleeping-group composition with members of both sexes in this species. Mixed-sex sleeping groups can be described as the basic social unit within this dispersed multimale/multifemale society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Weidt
- Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, University of Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
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