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Müller VI, Cieslik EC, Ficco L, Tyralla S, Sepehry AA, Aziz-Safaie T, Feng C, Eickhoff SB, Langner R. Not All Stroop-Type Tasks Are Alike: Assessing the Impact of Stimulus Material, Task Design, and Cognitive Demand via Meta-analyses Across Neuroimaging Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2024:10.1007/s11065-024-09647-1. [PMID: 39264479 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-024-09647-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The Stroop effect is one of the most often studied examples of cognitive conflict processing. Over time, many variants of the classic Stroop task were used, including versions with different stimulus material, control conditions, presentation design, and combinations with additional cognitive demands. The neural and behavioral impact of this experimental variety, however, has never been systematically assessed. We used activation likelihood meta-analysis to summarize neuroimaging findings with Stroop-type tasks and to investigate whether involvement of the multiple-demand network (anterior insula, lateral frontal cortex, intraparietal sulcus, superior/inferior parietal lobules, midcingulate cortex, and pre-supplementary motor area) can be attributed to resolving some higher-order conflict that all of the tasks have in common, or if aspects that vary between task versions lead to specialization within this network. Across 133 neuroimaging experiments, incongruence processing in the color-word Stroop variant consistently recruited regions of the multiple-demand network, with modulation of spatial convergence by task variants. In addition, the neural patterns related to solving Stroop-like interference differed between versions of the task that use different stimulus material, with the only overlap between color-word, emotional picture-word, and other types of stimulus material in the posterior medial frontal cortex and right anterior insula. Follow-up analyses on behavior reported in these studies (in total 164 effect sizes) revealed only little impact of task variations on the mean effect size of reaction time. These results suggest qualitative processing differences among the family of Stroop variants, despite similar task difficulty levels, and should carefully be considered when planning or interpreting Stroop-type neuroimaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika I Müller
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-7, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Edna C Cieslik
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-7, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Linda Ficco
- Department of General Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
- Department of Linguistics and Cultural Evolution, International Max Planck Research School for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany
| | - Sandra Tyralla
- Institute for Experimental Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Amir Ali Sepehry
- Clinical Psychology Program, Adler University (Vancouver Campus), Vancouver, Canada
| | - Taraneh Aziz-Safaie
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-7, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Chunliang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-7, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, INM-7, Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Lewis AG, Schoffelen JM, Bastiaansen M, Schriefers H. Is beta in agreement with the relatives? Using relative clause sentences to investigate MEG beta power dynamics during sentence comprehension. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14332. [PMID: 37203219 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There remains some debate about whether beta power effects observed during sentence comprehension reflect ongoing syntactic unification operations (beta-syntax hypothesis), or instead reflect maintenance or updating of the sentence-level representation (beta-maintenance hypothesis). In this study, we used magnetoencephalography to investigate beta power neural dynamics while participants read relative clause sentences that were initially ambiguous between a subject- or an object-relative reading. An additional condition included a grammatical violation at the disambiguation point in the relative clause sentences. The beta-maintenance hypothesis predicts a decrease in beta power at the disambiguation point for unexpected (and less preferred) object-relative clause sentences and grammatical violations, as both signal a need to update the sentence-level representation. While the beta-syntax hypothesis also predicts a beta power decrease for grammatical violations due to a disruption of syntactic unification operations, it instead predicts an increase in beta power for the object-relative clause condition because syntactic unification at the point of disambiguation becomes more demanding. We observed decreased beta power for both the agreement violation and object-relative clause conditions in typical left hemisphere language regions, which provides compelling support for the beta-maintenance hypothesis. Mid-frontal theta power effects were also present for grammatical violations and object-relative clause sentences, suggesting that violations and unexpected sentence interpretations are registered as conflicts by the brain's domain-general error detection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Glen Lewis
- Neurobiology of Language Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Bastiaansen
- Academy for Leisure and Events, Breda University of Applied Sciences, Breda, the Netherlands
- Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Herbert Schriefers
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Tsai CG, Fu YF, Li CW. Prediction errors arising from switches between major and minor modes in music: An fMRI study. Brain Cogn 2023; 169:105987. [PMID: 37126951 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2023.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The major and minor modes in Western music have positive and negative connotations, respectively. The present fMRI study examined listeners' neural responses to switches between major and minor modes. We manipulated the final chords of J. S. Bach's keyboard pieces so that each major-mode passage ended with either the major (Major-Major) or minor (Major-Minor) tonic chord, and each minor-mode passage ended with either the minor (Minor-Minor) or major (Minor-Major) tonic chord. If the final major and minor chords have positive and negative reward values respectively, the Major-Minor and Minor-Major stimuli would cause negative and positive reward prediction errors (RPEs) respectively in a listener's brain. We found that activity in a frontoparietal network was significantly higher for Major-Minor than for Major-Major. Based on previous research, these results support the idea that a major-to-minor switch causes negative RPE. The contrast of Minor-Major minus Minor-Minor yielded activation in the ventral insula and visual cortex, speaking against the idea that a minor-to-major switch causes positive RPE. We discuss our results in relation to executive functions and the emotional connotations of major versus minor modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Gia Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Musicology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Fu
- Department of Bio-Industry Communication and Development, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Li
- Department of Radiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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El Bouzaïdi Tiali S, Spinelli E, Meunier F, Palluel-Germain R, Perrone-Bertolotti M. Influence of homophone processing during auditory language comprehension on executive control processes: A dual-task paradigm. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254237. [PMID: 34264980 PMCID: PMC8282032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present preregistered study, we evaluated the possibility of a shared cognitive mechanism during verbal and non-verbal tasks and therefore the implication of domain-general cognitive control during language comprehension. We hypothesized that a behavioral cost will be observed during a dual-task including both verbal and non-verbal difficult processing. Specifically, to test this claim, we designed a dual-task paradigm involving: an auditory language comprehension task (sentence comprehension) and a non-verbal Flanker task (including congruent and incongruent trials). We manipulated sentence ambiguity and evaluated if the ambiguity effect modified behavioral performances in the non-verbal Flanker task. Under the assumption that ambiguous sentences induce a more difficult process than unambiguous sentences, we expected non-verbal flanker task performances to be impaired only when a simultaneous difficult language processing is performed. This would be specifically reflected by a performance cost during incongruent Flanker items only during ambiguous sentence presentation. Conversely, we observed a facilitatory effect for the incongruent Flanker items during ambiguous sentence suggesting better non-verbal inhibitory performances when an ambiguous sentence was simultaneously processed. Exploratory data analysis suggests that this effect is not only related to a more difficult language processing but also to the previous (n-1) Flanker item. Indeed, results showed that incongruent n-1 Flanker items led to a facilitation of the incongruent synchronized Flanker items only when ambiguous sentences were conjointly presented. This result, even if it needs to be corroborated in future studies, suggests that the recruitment of executive control mechanisms facilitates subsequent executive control implication during difficult language processing. The present study suggests a common executive control mechanism during difficult verbal and non-verbal tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elsa Spinelli
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | - Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC UMR 5105, Grenoble, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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Sharer K, Thothathiri M. Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Dynamic Updating of Native Language. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2020; 1:492-522. [PMID: 37215586 PMCID: PMC10158591 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Language users encounter different sentence structures from different people in different contexts. Although syntactic variability and adults' ability to adapt to it are both widely acknowledged, the relevant mechanisms and neural substrates are unknown. We hypothesized that syntactic updating might rely on cognitive control, which can help detect and resolve mismatch between prior linguistic expectations and new language experiences that countervail those expectations and thereby assist in accurately encoding new input. Using functional neuroimaging (fMRI), we investigated updating in garden-path sentence comprehension to test the prediction that regions within the left inferior frontal cortex might be relevant neural substrates, and additionally, explored the role of regions within the multiple demand network. Participants read ambiguous and unambiguous main-verb and relative-clause sentences. Ambiguous relative-clause sentences led to a garden-path effect in the left pars opercularis within the lateral frontal cortex and the left anterior insula/frontal operculum within the multiple demand network. This effect decreased upon repeated exposure to relative-clause sentences, consistent with updating. The two regions showed several contrastive patterns, including different activation relative to baseline, correlation with performance in a cognitive control task (the Stroop task), and verb-specificity versus generality in adaptation. Together, these results offer new insight into how the brain updates native language. They demonstrate the involvement of left frontal brain regions in helping the language system adjust to new experiences, with different areas playing distinct functional roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Sharer
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Malathi Thothathiri
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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6
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Hsu NS, Kuchinsky SE, Novick JM. Direct impact of cognitive control on sentence processing and comprehension. LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE 2020; 36:211-239. [PMID: 39035844 PMCID: PMC11258758 DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2020.1836379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Incremental language processing means that listeners confront temporary ambiguity about how to structure the input, which can generate misinterpretations. In four "visual-world" experiments, we tested whether engaging cognitive control - which detects and resolves conflict - assists revision during comprehension. We recorded listeners' eye-movements and actions while following instructions that were ripe for misanalysis. In Experiments 1 and 3, sentences followed trials from a nonverbal conflict task that manipulated cognitive-control engagement, to test its impact on the ability to revise. To isolate conflict-driven effects of cognitive-control on comprehension, we manipulated attention in a non-conflict task in Experiments 2 and 4. We observed fewer comprehension errors, and earlier revision, when cognitive control (more than attention) was elicited on an immediately preceding trial. These results extend previous correlations between cognitive control and language processing by revealing the influence of domain-general cognitive-control engagement on the temporal unfolding of error-revision processes during language comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina S. Hsu
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Stefanie E. Kuchinsky
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Audiology and Speech Pathology Center, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jared M. Novick
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Navarro-Torres CA, Garcia DL, Chidambaram V, Kroll JF. Cognitive Control Facilitates Attentional Disengagement during Second Language Comprehension. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9050095. [PMID: 31035554 PMCID: PMC6562798 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9050095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bilinguals learn to resolve conflict between their two languages and that skill has been hypothesized to create long-term adaptive changes in cognitive functioning. Yet, little is known about how bilinguals recruit cognitive control to enable efficient use of one of their languages, especially in the less skilled and more effortful second language (L2). Here we examined how real-time cognitive control engagement influences L2 sentence comprehension (i.e., conflict adaptation). We tested a group of English monolinguals and a group of L2 English speakers using a recently-developed cross-task adaptation paradigm. Stroop sequences were pseudo-randomly interleaved with a visual-world paradigm in which participants were asked to carry out spoken instructions that were either syntactically ambiguous or unambiguous. Consistent with previous research, eye-movement results showed that Stroop-related conflict improved the ability to engage correct-goal interpretations, and disengage incorrect-goal interpretations, during ambiguous instructions. Such cognitive-to-language modulations were similar in both groups, but only in the engagement piece. In the disengagement portion, the modulation emerged earlier in bilinguals than in monolinguals, suggesting group differences in attentional disengagement following cognitive control recruitment. Additionally, incorrect-goal eye-movements were modulated by individual differences in working memory, although differently for each group, suggesting an involvement of both language-specific and domain-general resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Navarro-Torres
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Dalia L Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Vrinda Chidambaram
- Department of Comparative Literature and Languages, University of California, Riverside, 2401 HMNSS Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Judith F Kroll
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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8
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Tarai S, Mukherjee R, Qurratul QA, Singh BK, Bit A. Use of Prosocial Word Enhances the Processing of Language: Frequency Domain Analysis of Human EEG. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLINGUISTIC RESEARCH 2019; 48:145-161. [PMID: 30043323 DOI: 10.1007/s10936-018-9595-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Use of prosocial language enhances human cooperation and harmony. Previous research has shown that talking about helping, sharing and giving to others creates positive impression on others, by which individuals and governments gain public approval. So far, the value judgement of approval and disapproval in terms of prosocial or antisocial has not been investigated in the domain of neuroscience of language. Here, the influence of prosocial words towards neural adaptability for greater acceptance is examined using behavioural response mapping with electroencephalography activities of human brain. The prosocial and antisocial words employing correct and incorrect set of sentences in English are presented to participants for performing grammatical judgement task. Our results show that processing of antisocial word requires larger neurocognitive resources as compared to prosocial one, which is corroborated with our behavioural response time suggesting higher response time for antisocial than prosocial words.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashikanta Tarai
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, India
| | - Rupsha Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, 492010, India
| | - Quais Ain Qurratul
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, 492010, India
| | - Bikesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, 492010, India
| | - Arindam Bit
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Raipur, 492010, India.
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Hung Y, Gaillard SL, Yarmak P, Arsalidou M. Dissociations of cognitive inhibition, response inhibition, and emotional interference: Voxelwise ALE meta-analyses of fMRI studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4065-4082. [PMID: 29923271 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory control is the stopping of a mental process with or without intention, conceptualized as mental suppression of competing information because of limited cognitive capacity. Inhibitory control dysfunction is a core characteristic of many major psychiatric disorders. Inhibition is generally thought to involve the prefrontal cortex; however, a single inhibitory mechanism is insufficient for interpreting the heterogeneous nature of human cognition. It remains unclear whether different dimensions of inhibitory processes-specifically cognitive inhibition, response inhibition, and emotional interference-rely on dissociated neural systems. We conducted systematic meta-analyses of fMRI studies in the BrainMap database supplemented by PubMed using whole-brain activation likelihood estimation. A total of 66 study experiments including 1,447 participants and 987 foci revealed that while the left anterior insula was concordant in all inhibitory dimensions, cognitive inhibition reliably activated specific dorsal frontal inhibitory system, engaging dorsal anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and parietal areas, whereas emotional interference reliably implicated a ventral inhibitory system, involving the ventral surface of the inferior frontal gyrus and the amygdala. Response inhibition showed concordant clusters in the fronto-striatal system, including the dorsal anterior cingulate region and extended supplementary motor areas, the dorsal and ventral lateral prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, midbrain regions, and parietal regions. We provide an empirically derived dimensional model of inhibition characterizing neural systems underlying different aspects of inhibitory mechanisms. This study offers a fundamental framework to advance current understanding of inhibition and provides new insights for future clinical research into disorders with different types of inhibition-related dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Hung
- McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139.,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139
| | - Schuyler L Gaillard
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139
| | - Pavel Yarmak
- Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie Arsalidou
- Department of Psychology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Thothathiri M, Asaro CT, Hsu NS, Novick JM. Who did what? A causal role for cognitive control in thematic role assignment during sentence comprehension. Cognition 2018; 178:162-177. [PMID: 29860176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Thematic role assignment - generally, figuring out who did what to whom - is a critical component of sentence comprehension, which is influenced by both syntactic and semantic cues. Conflict between these cues can result in temporary consideration of multiple incompatible interpretations during real-time sentence processing. We tested whether the resolution of syntax-semantics conflict can be expedited by the online engagement of cognitive control processes that are routinely used to regulate behavior across domains. In this study, cognitive control deployment from a previous Stroop trial influenced eye movements during subsequent sentence comprehension. Specifically, when syntactic and semantic cues competed for influence on interpretation, dynamic cognitive control engagement led to (a) fewer overall looks to a picture illustrating the competing but incorrect interpretation (Experiment 1), or (b) steeper growth in looks to a picture illustrating the correct interpretation (Experiment 2). Thus, prior cognitive control engagement facilitated the resolution of syntax-semantics conflict by biasing processing towards the intended analysis. This conflict adaptation effect demonstrates a causal connection between cognitive control and real-time thematic role assignment. Broader patterns demonstrated that prior cognitive control engagement also modulated sentence processing irrespective of the presence of conflict, reflecting increased integration of newly arriving cues with prior sentential content. Together, the results suggest that cognitive control helps listeners determine correct event roles during real-time comprehension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malathi Thothathiri
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, United States.
| | - Christine T Asaro
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, United States
| | - Nina S Hsu
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, United States; Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, United States
| | - Jared M Novick
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, United States; Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, United States.
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Hsu NS, Jaeggi SM, Novick JM. A common neural hub resolves syntactic and non-syntactic conflict through cooperation with task-specific networks. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2017; 166:63-77. [PMID: 28110105 PMCID: PMC5293615 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Regions within the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) have simultaneously been implicated in syntactic processing and cognitive control. Accounts attempting to unify LIFG's function hypothesize that, during comprehension, cognitive control resolves conflict between incompatible representations of sentence meaning. Some studies demonstrate co-localized activity within LIFG for syntactic and non-syntactic conflict resolution, suggesting domain-generality, but others show non-overlapping activity, suggesting domain-specific cognitive control and/or regions that respond uniquely to syntax. We propose however that examining exclusive activation sites for certain contrasts creates a false dichotomy: both domain-general and domain-specific neural machinery must coordinate to facilitate conflict resolution across domains. Here, subjects completed four diverse tasks involving conflict -one syntactic, three non-syntactic- while undergoing fMRI. Though LIFG consistently activated within individuals during conflict processing, functional connectivity analyses revealed task-specific coordination with distinct brain networks. Thus, LIFG may function as a conflict-resolution "hub" that cooperates with specialized neural systems according to information content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina S Hsu
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, USA; Center for Advanced Study of Language, University of Maryland, College Park, USA; Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, USA; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, USA.
| | - Susanne M Jaeggi
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, USA; Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA.
| | - Jared M Novick
- Center for Advanced Study of Language, University of Maryland, College Park, USA; Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, College Park, USA; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, USA.
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12
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Wallentin M, Gravholt CH, Skakkebæk A. Broca's region and Visual Word Form Area activation differ during a predictive Stroop task. Cortex 2015; 73:257-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2015.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Wallentin M, Michaelsen JLD, Rynne I, Nielsen RH. Lateralized task shift effects in Broca's and Wernicke's regions and in visual word form area are selective for conceptual content and reflect trial history. Neuroimage 2014; 101:276-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Sassenhagen J, Schlesewsky M, Bornkessel-Schlesewsky I. The P600-as-P3 hypothesis revisited: single-trial analyses reveal that the late EEG positivity following linguistically deviant material is reaction time aligned. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2014; 137:29-39. [PMID: 25151545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The P600, a late positive ERP component following linguistically deviant stimuli, is commonly seen as indexing structural, high-level processes, e.g. of linguistic (re)analysis. It has also been identified with the P3 (P600-as-P3 hypothesis), which is thought to reflect a systemic neuromodulator release facilitating behavioural shifts and is usually response time aligned. We investigated single-trial alignment of the P600 to response, a critical prediction of the P600-as-P3 hypothesis. Participants heard sentences containing morphosyntactic and semantic violations and responded via a button press. The elicited P600 was perfectly response aligned, while an N400 following semantic deviations was stimulus aligned. This is, to our knowledge, the first single-trial analysis of language processing data using within-sentence behavioural responses as temporal covariates. Results support the P600-as-P3 perspective and thus constitute a step towards a neurophysiological grounding of language-related ERPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jona Sassenhagen
- Department of Germanic Linguistics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Schlesewsky
- Department of English and Linguistics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ina Bornkessel-Schlesewsky
- Department of Germanic Linguistics, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany; School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
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