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Duan H, Xie Y, Wu S, Zhao G, Zeng Z, Hu H, Yu Y, Hu W, Yang Y, Chen Y, Xie H, Chen Z, Zhang G, Flaherty KT, Hu S, Xu H, Ma W, Mou Y. Effect of the mRNA decapping enzyme scavenger (DCPS) inhibitor RG3039 on glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2024; 22:880. [PMID: 39350123 PMCID: PMC11443721 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05658-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) have a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The mRNA decapping enzyme scavenger (DCPS) is a cap-hydrolyzing enzyme. The DCPS inhibitor RG3039 exhibited excellent central nervous system bioavailability in vivo and was safe and well tolerated in healthy volunteers in a phase 1 clinical trial. In this study, we investigated the expression of DCPS in GBM and the anti-tumor activity of RG3039 in various preclinical models of GBM. METHODS DCPS expression was examined in human GBM and paired peritumoral tissues. Its prognostic role was evaluated together with clinicopathological characteristics of patients. The anti-GBM effect of RG3039 was determined using GBM cell lines, patient-derived organoids, and orthotopic mouse models. The therapeutic mechanisms of DCPS inhibition were explored. RESULTS DCPS is overexpressed in GBM and is associated with poor survival of patients with GBM. The DCPS inhibitor RG3039 exhibited robust anti-GBM activities in GBM cell lines, patient-derived organoids and orthotopic mouse models, with drug exposure achievable in humans. Mechanistically, RG3039 downregulated STAT5B expression, thereby suppressing proliferation, survival and colony formation of GBM cells. CONCLUSIONS DCPS is a promising target for GBM. Inhibition of DCPS with RG3039 at doses achievable in humans downregulates STAT5B expression and reduces proliferation, survival and colony formation of GBM cells. Given the excellent anti-cancer activity and central nervous system bioavailability in vivo and good tolerance in humans, RG3039 warrants further study as a potential GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suwen Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangyin Zhao
- Experimental Animal Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hongrong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjiao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanming Hu
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanzhong Yang
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoqun Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zexin Chen
- Guangdong Research Center of Organoid Engineering and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gao Zhang
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keith T Flaherty
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shanshan Hu
- Department of Statistics, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Haineng Xu
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- Intensive Care Unit, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yonggao Mou
- Department of Neurosurgery/Neuro-Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
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Jayathirtha M, Jayaweera T, Whitham D, Petre BA, Neagu AN, Darie CC. Two-Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis Coupled with Nanoliquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry-Based Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins and Tumorigenic Pathways in the MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell Line Transfected for Jumping Translocation Breakpoint Protein Overexpression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14714. [PMID: 37834160 PMCID: PMC10572688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of new genes/proteins involved in breast cancer (BC) occurrence is widely used to discover novel biomarkers and understand the molecular mechanisms of BC initiation and progression. The jumping translocation breakpoint (JTB) gene may act both as a tumor suppressor or oncogene in various types of tumors, including BC. Thus, the JTB protein could have the potential to be used as a biomarker in BC, but its neoplastic mechanisms still remain unknown or controversial. We previously analyzed the interacting partners of JTBhigh protein extracted from transfected MCF7 BC cell line using SDS-PAGE complemented with in-solution digestion, respectively. The previous results suggested the JTB contributed to the development of a more aggressive phenotype and behavior for the MCF7 BC cell line through synergistic upregulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), mitotic spindle, and fatty acid metabolism-related pathways. In this work, we aim to complement the previously reported JTB proteomics-based experiments by investigating differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and tumorigenic pathways associated with JTB overexpression using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). Statistically different gel spots were picked for protein digestion, followed by nanoliquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-MS/MS) analysis. We identified six DEPs related to the JTBhigh condition vs. control that emphasize a pro-tumorigenic (PT) role. Twenty-one proteins, which are known to be usually overexpressed in cancer cells, emphasize an anti-tumorigenic (AT) role when low expression occurs. According to our previous results, proteins that have a PT role are mainly involved in the activation of the EMT process. Interestingly, JTB overexpression has been correlated here with a plethora of significant upregulated and downregulated proteins that sustain JTB tumor suppressive functions. Our present and previous results sustain the necessity of the complementary use of different proteomics-based methods (SDS-PAGE, 2D-PAGE, and in-solution digestion) followed by tandem mass spectrometry to avoid their limitations, with each method leading to the delineation of specific clusters of DEPs that may be merged for a better understanding of molecular pathways and neoplastic mechanisms related to the JTB's role in BC initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Jayathirtha
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Taniya Jayaweera
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Danielle Whitham
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Brîndușa Alina Petre
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (B.A.P.)
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I Bvd., No. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Fundamental Research and Experimental Development in Translation Medicine—TRANSCEND, Regional Institute of Oncology, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca-Narcisa Neagu
- Laboratory of Animal Histology, Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Carol I Bvd., No. 20A, 700505 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Costel C. Darie
- Biochemistry & Proteomics Laboratories, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, NY 13699, USA; (M.J.); (T.J.); (D.W.); (B.A.P.)
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Krakowiak A, Pietrasik S. New Insights into Oxidative and Reductive Stress Responses and Their Relation to the Anticancer Activity of Selenium-Containing Compounds as Hydrogen Selenide Donors. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:875. [PMID: 37372159 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Redox balance is important for the homeostasis of normal cells, but also for the proliferation, progression, and survival of cancer cells. Both oxidative and reductive stress can be harmful to cells. In contrast to oxidative stress, reductive stress and the therapeutic opportunities underlying the mechanisms of reductive stress in cancer, as well as how cancer cells respond to reductive stress, have received little attention and are not as well characterized. Therefore, there is recent interest in understanding how selective induction of reductive stress may influence therapeutic treatment and disease progression in cancer. There is also the question of how cancer cells respond to reductive stress. Selenium compounds have been shown to have chemotherapeutic effects against cancer, and their anticancer mechanism is thought to be related to the formation of their metabolites, including hydrogen selenide (H2Se), which is a highly reactive and reducing molecule. Here, we highlight recent reports on the molecular mechanism of how cells recognize and respond to oxidative and reductive stress (1) and the mechanisms through which different types of selenium compounds can generate H2Se (2) and thus selectively affect reductive stress under controlled conditions, which may be important for their anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Krakowiak
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sylwia Pietrasik
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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Yao J, Miao Y, Zhu L, Wan M, Lu Y, Tang W. Histidine trinucleotide binding protein 2: from basic science to clinical implications. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 212:115527. [PMID: 37004779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2 (HINT2) is a dimeric protein that belongs to the histidine triad protein superfamily, predominantly expressed in the liver, pancreas, and adrenal gland, and localised to the mitochondrion. HINT2 binds nucleotides and catalyses the hydrolysis of nucleotidyl substrates. Moreover, HINT2 has been identified as a key regulator of multiple biological processes, including mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, mitochondrial protein acetylation, and steroidogenesis. Genetic manipulation has provided new insights into the physiological roles of HINT2 in several processes, such as inhibition of cancer progression, regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism, and protective effects on the cardiovascular system. The current review outlines the background and functions of HINT2. In addition, it summarises research progress on the correlation between HINT2 and human malignancies, hepatic metabolic diseases, and cardiovascular diseases, with an attempt to provide new research directions emerging in this field and to unveil the therapeutic value of HINT2 as a target in the combat of human diseases.
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Krakowiak A, Czernek L, Pichlak M, Kaczmarek R. Intracellular HINT1-Assisted Hydrolysis of Nucleoside 5'- O-Selenophosphate Leads to the Release of Hydrogen Selenide That Exhibits Toxic Effects in Human Cervical Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020607. [PMID: 35054788 PMCID: PMC8775712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present a new selenium derivative, 2′-deoxyguanosine-5′-O-selenophosphate (dGMPSe), synthesized by the oxathiaphospholane method and adapted here for the synthesis of nucleoside selenophosphates. Using biochemical assays (HPLC- and fluorescence-based), we investigated the enzymatic activity of HINT1 towards dGMPSe in comparison with the corresponding thiophosphate nucleoside, i.e., dGMPS. Both substrates showed similar kcat and a small difference in Km, and during the reactions the release of reducing agents such as H2Se and H2S were expected and detected. MTT viability assay and microscopic analysis showed that dGMPSe was toxic to HeLa cancer cells, and this cytotoxicity was due to the release of H2Se. The release of H2Se or H2S in the living cells after administration of dGMPSe and/or dGMPS, both without carrier and by electroporation, was observed using a fluorescence assay, as previously for NMPS. In conclusion, our comparative experiments with dGMPSe and dGMPS indicate that the HINT1 enzyme is capable of converting (d)NMPSe to (d)NMP and H2Se, both in vitro and intracellularly. Since the anticancer activity of various selenium compounds depends on the formation of hydrogen selenide, the actual inducer of cell death, we propose that selenium-containing nucleotides represent another option as novel compounds with anticancer therapeutic potential.
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Dolot R, Krakowiak A, Kaczmarek R, Włodarczyk A, Pichlak M, Nawrot B. Biochemical, crystallographic and biophysical characterization of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2 with different ligands including a non-hydrolyzable analog of Ap4A. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2021; 1865:129968. [PMID: 34329705 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human HINT2 is an important mitochondrial enzyme involved in many processes such as apoptosis and bioenergetics, but its endogenous substrates and the three-dimensional structure of the full-length protein have not been identified yet. METHODS An HPLC assay was used to test the hydrolytic activity of HINT2 against various adenosine, guanosine, and 2'-deoxyguanosine derivatives containing phosphate bonds of different types and different leaving groups. Data on binding affinity were obtained by microscale thermophoresis (MST). Crystal structures of HINT2, in its apo form and with a dGMP ligand, were resolved to atomic resolution. RESULTS HINT2 substrate specificity was similar to that of HINT1, but with the major exception of remarkable discrimination against substrates lacking the 2'-hydroxyl group. The biochemical results were consistent with binding affinity measurements. They showed a similar binding strength of AMP and GMP to HINT2, and much weaker binding of dGMP, in contrast to HINT1. A non-hydrolyzable analog of Ap4A (JB419) interacted with both proteins with similar Kd and Ap4A is the signaling molecule that can interact with hHINT1 and regulate the activity of some transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS Several forms of homo- and heterodimers of different lengths of N-terminally truncated polypeptides resulting from degradation of the full-length protein were described. Ser144 in HINT2 appeared to be functionally equivalent to Ser107 in HINT1 by supporting the protonation of the leaving group in the hydrolytic mechanism of HINT2. SIGNIFICANCE Our results should be considered in future studies on the natural function of HINT2 and its role in nucleotide prodrug processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Dolot
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Krakowiak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Renata Kaczmarek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Artur Włodarczyk
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marta Pichlak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
| | - Barbara Nawrot
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland
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Tanshinones induce tumor cell apoptosis via directly targeting FHIT. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12217. [PMID: 34108553 PMCID: PMC8190080 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91708-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The liposoluble tanshinones are bioactive components in Salvia miltiorrhiza and are widely investigated as anti-cancer agents, while the molecular mechanism is to be clarified. In the present study, we identified that the human fragile histidine triad (FHIT) protein is a direct binding protein of sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS), a water-soluble derivative of Tanshinone IIA (TSA), with a Kd value of 268.4 ± 42.59 nM. We also found that STS inhibited the diadenosine triphosphate (Ap3A) hydrolase activity of FHIT through competing for the substrate-binding site with an IC50 value of 2.2 ± 0.05 µM. Notably, near 100 times lower binding affinities were determined between STS and other HIT proteins, including GALT, DCPS, and phosphodiesterase ENPP1, while no direct binding was detected with HINT1. Moreover, TSA, Tanshinone I (TanI), and Cryptotanshinone (CST) exhibited similar inhibitory activity as STS. Finally, we demonstrated that depletion of FHIT significantly blocked TSA's pro-apoptotic function in colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Taken together, our study sheds new light on the molecular basis of the anti-cancer effects of the tanshinone compounds.
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Carrillo-Najar C, Rembao-Bojórquez D, Tena-Suck ML, Zavala-Vega S, Gelista-Herrera N, Ramos-Peek MA, Gómez-Amador JL, Cazares-Raga F, Hernández-Hernández FDLC, Ortiz-Plata A. Comparative Proteomic Study Shows the Expression of Hint-1 in Pituitary Adenomas. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020330. [PMID: 33671384 PMCID: PMC7922225 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) can be unpredictable and aggressive tumors. No reliable markers of their biological behavior have been found. Here, a proteomic analysis was applied to identify proteins in the expression profile between invasive and non-invasive PAs to search for possible biomarkers. A histopathological and immunohistochemical (adenohypophyseal hormones, Ki-67, p53, CD34, VEGF, Flk1 antibodies) analysis was done; a proteomic map was evaluated in 64 out of 128 tumors. There were 107 (84%) invasive and 21 (16%) non-invasive PAs; 80.5% belonged to III and IV grades of the Hardy–Vezina classification. Invasive PAs (n = 56) showed 105 ± 43 spots; 86 ± 32 spots in non-invasive PAs (n = 8) were observed. The 13 most prominent spots were selected and 11 proteins related to neoplastic process in different types of tumors were identified. Hint1 (Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1) high expression in invasive PA was found (11.8 ± 1.4, p = 0.005), especially at high index (>10; p = 0.0002). High Hint1 expression was found in invasive VEGF positive PA (13.8 ± 2.3, p = 0.005) and in Flk1 positive PA (14.04 ± 2.28, p = 0.006). Hint1 is related to human tumorigenesis by its interaction with signaling pathways and transcription factors. It could be related to invasive behavior in PAs. This is the first report on Hint expression in PAs. More analysis is needed to find out the possible role of Hint in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Carrillo-Najar
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Rembao-Bojórquez
- Neuropathology Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (D.R.-B.); (M.L.T.-S.); (S.Z.-V.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Martha L. Tena-Suck
- Neuropathology Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (D.R.-B.); (M.L.T.-S.); (S.Z.-V.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Sergio Zavala-Vega
- Neuropathology Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (D.R.-B.); (M.L.T.-S.); (S.Z.-V.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Noemí Gelista-Herrera
- Neuropathology Department, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (D.R.-B.); (M.L.T.-S.); (S.Z.-V.); (N.G.-H.)
| | - Miguel A. Ramos-Peek
- Neurosurgery Division, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (M.A.R.-P.); (J.L.G.-A.)
| | - Juan L. Gómez-Amador
- Neurosurgery Division, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico; (M.A.R.-P.); (J.L.G.-A.)
| | - Febe Cazares-Raga
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of National Polytechnic Institute, IPN Avenue 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (F.C.-R.); (F.d.l.C.H.-H.)
| | - Fidel de la Cruz Hernández-Hernández
- Department of Infectomics and Molecular Pathogenesis, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of National Polytechnic Institute, IPN Avenue 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico; (F.C.-R.); (F.d.l.C.H.-H.)
| | - Alma Ortiz-Plata
- Experimental Neuropathology Laboratory, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Insurgentes Sur 3877, Mexico City 14269, Mexico;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(55)5606-3822 (ext. 2008)
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Radzikowska E, Kaczmarek R, Korczyński D, Krakowiak A, Mikołajczyk B, Baraniak J, Guga P, Wheeler KA, Pawlak T, Nawrot B. P-stereocontrolled synthesis of oligo(nucleoside N3'→O5' phosphoramidothioate)s - opportunities and limitations. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35185-35197. [PMID: 35515667 PMCID: PMC9056831 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04987e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
3'-N-(2-Thio-1,3,2-oxathiaphospholane) derivatives of 5'-O-DMT-3'-amino-2',3'-dideoxy-ribonucleosides (NOTP-N), that bear a 4,4-unsubstituted, 4,4-dimethyl, or 4,4-pentamethylene substituted oxathiaphospholane ring, were synthesized. Within these three series, NOTP-N differed by canonical nucleobases (i.e., AdeBz, CytBz, GuaiBu, or Thy). The monomers were chromatographically separated into P-diastereomers, which were further used to prepare NNPSN' dinucleotides (3), as well as short P-stereodefined oligo(deoxyribonucleoside N3'→O5' phosphoramidothioate)s (NPS-) and chimeric NPS/PO- and NPS/PS-oligomers. The condensation reaction for NOTP-N monomers was found to be 5-6 times slower than the analogous OTP derivatives. When the 5'-end nucleoside of a growing oligomer adopts a C3'-endo conformation, a conformational 'clash' with the incoming NOTP-N monomer takes place, which is a main factor decreasing the repetitive yield of chain elongation. Although both isomers of NNPSN' were digested by the HINT1 phosphoramidase enzyme, the isomers hydrolyzed at a faster rate were tentatively assigned the R P absolute configuration. This assignment is supported by X-ray analysis of the protected dinucleotide DMTdGiBu NPSMeTOAc, which is P-stereoequivalent to the hydrolyzed faster P-diastereomer of dGNPST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Radzikowska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Renata Kaczmarek
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Dariusz Korczyński
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krakowiak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Barbara Mikołajczyk
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Janina Baraniak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Piotr Guga
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Kraig A Wheeler
- Whitworth University, Department of Chemistry 300 W. Hawthorne Rd. Spokane WA 99251 USA
| | - Tomasz Pawlak
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
| | - Barbara Nawrot
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90-363 Łódź Poland
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Wen J, Hall B, Shi X. A network view of microRNA and gene interactions in different pathological stages of colon cancer. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:158. [PMID: 31888617 PMCID: PMC6936140 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is one of the common cancers in human. Although the number of annual cases has decreased drastically, prognostic screening and translational methods can be improved. Hence, it is critical to understand the molecular mechanisms of disease progression and prognosis. RESULTS In this study, we develop a new strategy for integrating microRNA and gene expression profiles together with clinical information toward understanding the regulation of colon cancer. Particularly, we use this approach to identify microRNA and gene expression networks that are specific to certain pathological stages. To demonstrate the application of our method, we apply this approach to identify microRNA and gene interactions that are specific to pathological stages of colon cancer in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that there are significant differences in network connections between miRNAs and genes in different pathological stages of colon cancer. These findings point to a hypothesis that these networks signify different roles of microRNA and gene regulation in the pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, 28223, NC, USA
| | - Benika Hall
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, 28223, NC, USA
| | - Xinghua Shi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, College of Computing and Informatics, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, 28223, NC, USA.
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11
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Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 Protect Primary Cultured Astrocytes against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Injury via Improving Mitochondrial Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236086. [PMID: 31816825 PMCID: PMC6929005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate whether ginsenosides Rb1 (20-S-protopanaxadiol aglycon) and Rg1 (20-S-protopanaxatriol aglycon) have mitochondrial protective effects against oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced injury in primary mouse astrocytes and to explore the mechanisms involved. The OGD/R model was used to mimic the pathological process of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in vitro. Astrocytes were treated with normal conditions, OGD/R, OGD/R plus Rb1, or OGD/R plus Rg1. Cell viability was measured to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Rb1 and Rg1. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and catalase (CAT) were detected to evaluate oxidative stress. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were measured to evaluate mitochondrial function. The activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) complexes I–V and the level of cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured to evaluate oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) levels. Cell viability was significantly decreased in the OGD/R group compared to the control group. Rb1 or Rg1 administration significantly increased cell viability. Moreover, OGD/R caused a significant increase in ROS formation and, subsequently, it decreased the activity of CAT and the mtDNA copy number. At the same time, treatment with OGD/R depolarized the MMP in the astrocytes. Rb1 or Rg1 administration reduced ROS production, increased CAT activity, elevated the mtDNA content, and attenuated the MMP depolarization. In addition, Rb1 or Rg1 administration increased the activities of complexes I, II, III, and V and elevated the level of ATP, compared to those in the OGD/R groups. Rb1 and Rg1 have different chemical structures, but exert similar protective effects against astrocyte damage induced by OGD/R. The mechanism may be related to improved efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and the reduction in ROS production in cultured astrocytes.
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12
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Zhou DK, Qian XH, Cheng J, Chen LH, Wang WL. Clinical significance of down-regulated HINT2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17815. [PMID: 31770197 PMCID: PMC6890357 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the clinical significance of HINT2 expression in patients with HCC.We investigated HINT2 mRNA expression in tumors and adjacent non-tumor hepatic tissues from 106 HCC patients using quantitative real-time PCR. Appropriate statistical methods were then applied to assess the relationships between the HINT2 mRNA level and clinical parameters.HINT2 was significantly down-regulated in HCC (P < .0001). No significant correlation was found between HINT2 expression and clinicopathological factors in HCC patients. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that HINT2 expression is related to recurrence-free survival (P < .05). Multivariate analyses revealed that tumor size and HINT2 expression are risk factors for HCC recurrence.HINT2 is down-regulated in HCC, and low HINT2 expression predicts earlier tumor recurrence. HINT2 expression may serve as a prognostic indicator of recurrence in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Kai Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province
- Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province
| | - Xiao-Hui Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province
- Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province
| | - Jun Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province
- Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province
| | - Ling-Hui Chen
- Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Thyroid Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei-Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province
- Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province
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13
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Wulf MG, Buswell J, Chan SH, Dai N, Marks K, Martin ER, Tzertzinis G, Whipple JM, Corrêa IR, Schildkraut I. The yeast scavenger decapping enzyme DcpS and its application for in vitro RNA recapping. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8594. [PMID: 31197197 PMCID: PMC6565619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic mRNAs are modified at their 5′ end early during transcription by the addition of N7-methylguanosine (m7G), which forms the “cap” on the first 5′ nucleotide. Identification of the 5′ nucleotide on mRNA is necessary for determination of the Transcription Start Site (TSS). We explored the effect of various reaction conditions on the activity of the yeast scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme DcpS and examined decapping of 30 chemically distinct cap structures varying the state of methylation, sugar, phosphate linkage, and base composition on 25mer RNA oligonucleotides. Contrary to the generally accepted belief that DcpS enzymes only decap short oligonucleotides, we found that the yeast scavenger decapping enzyme decaps RNA transcripts as long as 1400 nucleotides. Further, we validated the application of yDcpS for enriching capped RNA using a strategy of specifically tagging the 5′ end of capped RNA by first decapping and then recapping it with an affinity-tagged guanosine nucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalee G Wulf
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - John Buswell
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Siu-Hong Chan
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Nan Dai
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Katherine Marks
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Evan R Martin
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | | | - Joseph M Whipple
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Ivan R Corrêa
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA
| | - Ira Schildkraut
- New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA, 01938, USA.
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14
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Jung A, Yun JS, Kim S, Kim SR, Shin M, Cho DH, Choi KS, Chang JH. Crystal Structure of Histidine Triad Nucleotide-Binding Protein from the Pathogenic Fungus Candida albicans. Mol Cells 2019; 42:56-66. [PMID: 30622225 PMCID: PMC6354057 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein (HINT) is a member of the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily, which has hydrolase activity owing to a histidine triad motif. The HIT superfamily can be divided to five classes with functions in galactose metabolism, DNA repair, and tumor suppression. HINTs are highly conserved from archaea to humans and function as tumor suppressors, translation regulators, and neuropathy inhibitors. Although the structures of HINT proteins from various species have been reported, limited structural information is available for fungal species. Here, to elucidate the structural features and functional diversity of HINTs, we determined the crystal structure of HINT from the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans (CaHINT) in complex with zinc ions at a resolution of 2.5 Å. Based on structural comparisons, the monomer of CaHINT overlaid best with HINT protein from the protozoal species Leishmania major. Additionally, structural comparisons with human HINT revealed an additional helix at the C-terminus of CaHINT. Interestingly, the extended C-terminal helix interacted with the N-terminal loop (α1-β1) and with the α3 helix, which appeared to stabilize the dimerization of CaHINT. In the C-terminal region, structural and sequence comparisons showed strong relationships among 19 diverse species from archea to humans, suggesting early separation in the course of evolution. Further studies are required to address the functional significance of variations in the C-terminal region. This structural analysis of CaHINT provided important insights into the molecular aspects of evolution within the HIT superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahjin Jung
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Ji-Sook Yun
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Shinae Kim
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Sang Ryong Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Minsang Shin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Dong Hyung Cho
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Kwang Shik Choi
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
- Research Institute for Dokdo and Ulleungdo Island, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
- Research Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Chang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
- Research Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566,
Korea
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15
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Kramer S, McLennan AG. The complex enzymology of mRNA decapping: Enzymes of four classes cleave pyrophosphate bonds. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2019; 10:e1511. [PMID: 30345629 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The 5' ends of most RNAs are chemically modified to enable protection from nucleases. In bacteria, this is often achieved by keeping the triphosphate terminus originating from transcriptional initiation, while most eukaryotic mRNAs and small nuclear RNAs have a 5'→5' linked N7 -methyl guanosine (m7 G) cap added. Several other chemical modifications have been described at RNA 5' ends. Common to all modifications is the presence of at least one pyrophosphate bond. To enable RNA turnover, these chemical modifications at the RNA 5' end need to be reversible. Dependent on the direction of the RNA decay pathway (5'→3' or 3'→5'), some enzymes cleave the 5'→5' cap linkage of intact RNAs to initiate decay, while others act as scavengers and hydrolyse the cap element of the remnants of the 3'→5' decay pathway. In eukaryotes, there is also a cap quality control pathway. Most enzymes involved in the cleavage of the RNA 5' ends are pyrophosphohydrolases, with only a few having (additional) 5' triphosphonucleotide hydrolase activities. Despite the identity of their enzyme activities, the enzymes belong to four different enzyme classes. Nudix hydrolases decap intact RNAs as part of the 5'→3' decay pathway, DXO family members mainly degrade faulty RNAs, members of the histidine triad (HIT) family are scavenger proteins, while an ApaH-like phosphatase is the major mRNA decay enzyme of trypanosomes, whose RNAs have a unique cap structure. Many novel cap structures and decapping enzymes have only recently been discovered, indicating that we are only beginning to understand the mechanisms of RNA decapping. This article is categorized under: RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Turnover/Surveillance Mechanisms RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA Processing > Capping and 5' End Modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Kramer
- Cell and Developmental Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander G McLennan
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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16
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Baranowski MR, Nowicka A, Jemielity J, Kowalska J. A fluorescent HTS assay for phosphohydrolases based on nucleoside 5'-fluorophosphates: its application in screening for inhibitors of mRNA decapping scavenger and PDE-I. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 14:4595-604. [PMID: 27031609 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00492j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Several nucleotide-specific phosphohydrolases can cleave P-F bonds in substrate analogues containing a fluorophosphate moiety to release fluoride ions. In this work, by employing a fluoride-sensitive molecular sensor, we harnessed this cleavage reaction to develop a fluorescence assay to screen for phosphohydrolase inhibitors. The assay is rapid, sensitive, and based on simple and synthetically available reagents. The assay was adapted to the high-throughput screening (HTS) format and its utility was demonstrated by screening an 'in-house' library of small nucleotides against two enzymes: DcpS, a metal-independent mRNA decapping pyrophosphatase of the histidine triad (HIT) family; and PDE-I, a divalent cation-dependent nuclease. Our screening results agreed with the known specificities of DcpS and PDE-I, and led to the selection of several inhibitors featuring low-micromolar IC50 values. For DcpS, we also verified the results by using an alternative method with the natural substrate. Notably, the assay presented here is the first fluorescence-based HTS-adaptable assay for DcpS, an established therapeutic target for spinal muscular atrophy. The assay should be useful for phosphohydrolase specificity profiling and inhibitor discovery, particularly in the context of DcpS and other HIT-family enzymes, which play key roles in maintaining cellular functions and have been linked to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Baranowski
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - A Nowicka
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland. and Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Jemielity
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2c, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Kowalska
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
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17
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Yang X, Gao L, Zhang S. Comparative pan-cancer DNA methylation analysis reveals cancer common and specific patterns. Brief Bioinform 2017; 18:761-773. [PMID: 27436122 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbw063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal DNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulator involving tumorigenesis. Deciphering cancer common and specific DNA methylation patterns is essential for us to understand the mechanisms of tumor development. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project provides a large number of samples of different cancers that enable a pan-cancer study of DNA methylation possible. Here we investigate cancer common and specific DNA methylation patterns among 5480 DNA methylation profiles of 15 cancer types from TCGA. We first define differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) in each cancer and then identify 5450 hyper- and 4433 hypomethylated pan-cancer DMCs (PDMCs). Intriguingly, three adjacent hypermethylated PDMC constitute an enhancer region, which potentially regulates two tumor suppressor genes BVES and PRDM1 negatively. Moreover, we identify six distinct motif clusters, which are enriched in hyper- or hypomethylated PDMCs and are associated with several well-known cancer hallmarks. We also observe that PDMCs relate to distinct transcriptional groups. Additionally, 55 hypermethylated and 7 hypomethylated PDMCs are significantly associated with patient survival. Lastly, we find that cancer-specific DMCs are enriched in known cancer genes and cell-type-specific super-enhancers. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive investigation and reveals meaningful cancer common and specific DNA methylation patterns.
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18
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HINT1 in Neuropsychiatric Diseases: A Potential Neuroplastic Mediator. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5181925. [PMID: 29214080 PMCID: PMC5682914 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5181925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although many studies have investigated the functions of histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), its roles in neurobiological processes remain to be fully elucidated. As a member of the histidine triad (HIT) enzyme superfamily, HINT1 is distributed in almost every organ and has both enzymatic and nonenzymatic activity. Accumulating clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that HINT1 may play an important role as a neuroplastic mediator in neuropsychiatric diseases, such as schizophrenia, inherited peripheral neuropathies, mood disorders, and drug addiction. Though our knowledge of HINT1 is limited, it is believed that further research on the neuropathological functions of HINT1 would eventually benefit patients with neuropsychiatric and even psychosomatic diseases.
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19
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Li W, Cai S, Wang L, Yang C, Zhou B, Wang H. HINT2 downregulation promotes colorectal carcinoma migration and metastasis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13521-13531. [PMID: 28088787 PMCID: PMC5355117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Histidine triad nucleotide-binding 2 (HINT2), a member of the histidine triad proteins family, sensitizes cells to apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we showed that HINT2 expression is lower in primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and metastasis tissues than in normal colorectal tissues, and that HINT2 abundance is inversely correlated with CRC tumor stage. Treating CRC cells with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine, a demethylating agent, upregulated HINT2, suggesting HINT2 downregulation is caused by methylation of the gene promoter. HINT2 downregulation increased tumor migration and invasion in vitro, promoted CRC cell metastasis in vivo, and increased expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers. Furthermore, HINT2 downregulation depended on hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-2α-mediated transcriptional activation of zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1). These results suggest that HINT2 downregulation promotes HIF-2α expression, which induces EMT and enhances CRC cell migration and invasion. HINT2 may thus a useful clinical indicator of CRC progression and metastasis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Li
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Shaoxin Cai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Changshun Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Biaohuan Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Fujian Provincial Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
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20
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Shah R, Chou TF, Maize KM, Strom A, Finzel BC, Wagner CR. Inhibition by divalent metal ions of human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein1 (hHint1), a regulator of opioid analgesia and neuropathic pain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:760-766. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Lange S, Hacker SM, Schmid P, Scheffner M, Marx A. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Tumor Suppressor Fhit. Chembiochem 2017. [PMID: 28643453 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor Fhit and its substrate diadenosine triphosphate (Ap3 A) are important factors in cancer development and progression. Fhit has Ap3 A hydrolase activity and cleaves Ap3 A into adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP); this is believed to terminate Fhit-mediated signaling. How the catalytic activity of Fhit is regulated and how the Fhit⋅Ap3 A complex might exert its growth-suppressive function remain to be discovered. Small-molecule inhibitors of the enzymatic activity of Fhit would provide valuable tools for the elucidation of its tumor-suppressive functions. Here we describe the development of a high-throughput screen for the identification of such small-molecule inhibitors of Fhit. Two clusters of inhibitors that decreased the activity of Fhit by at least 90 % were identified. Several derivatives were synthesized and exhibited in vitro IC50 values in the nanomolar range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Lange
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz Research School-Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stephan M Hacker
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz Research School-Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Chemical Physiology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Philipp Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz Research School-Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Martin Scheffner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Andreas Marx
- Department of Chemistry, Konstanz Research School-Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
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22
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Shah R, Maize KM, Zhou X, Finzel BC, Wagner CR. Caught before Released: Structural Mapping of the Reaction Trajectory for the Sofosbuvir Activating Enzyme, Human Histidine Triad Nucleotide Binding Protein 1 (hHint1). Biochemistry 2017; 56:3559-3570. [PMID: 28691797 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (hHint1) is classified as an efficient nucleoside phosphoramidase and acyl-adenosine monophosphate hydrolase. Human Hint1 has been shown to be essential for the metabolic activation of nucleotide antiviral pronucleotides (i.e., proTides), such as the FDA approved hepatitis C drug, sofosbuvir. The active site of hHint1 comprises an ensemble of strictly conserved histidines, including nucleophilic His112. To structurally investigate the mechanism of hHint1 catalysis, we have designed and prepared nucleoside thiophosphoramidate substrates that are able to capture the transiently formed nucleotidylated-His112 intermediate (E*) using time-dependent crystallography. Utilizing a catalytically inactive hHint1 His112Asn enzyme variant and wild-type enzyme, the enzyme-substrate (ES1) and product (EP2) complexes were also cocrystallized, respectively, thus providing a structural map of the reaction trajectory. On the basis of these observations and the mechanistic necessity of proton transfers, proton inventory studies were carried out. Although we cannot completely exclude the possibility of more than one proton in flight, the results of these studies were consistent with the transfer of a single proton during the formation of the intermediate. Interestingly, structural analysis revealed that the critical proton transfers required for intermediate formation and hydrolysis may be mediated by a conserved active site water channel. Taken together, our results provide mechanistic insights underpinning histidine nucleophilic catalysis in general and hHint1 catalysis, in particular, thus aiding the design of future proTides and the elucidation of the natural function of the Hint family of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachit Shah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kimberly M Maize
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Barry C Finzel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Carston R Wagner
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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23
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Yadavalli S, Jayaram S, Manda SS, Madugundu AK, Nayakanti DS, Tan TZ, Bhat R, Rangarajan A, Chatterjee A, Gowda H, Thiery JP, Kumar P. Data-Driven Discovery of Extravasation Pathway in Circulating Tumor Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43710. [PMID: 28262832 PMCID: PMC5337960 DOI: 10.1038/srep43710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a crucial role in cancer dissemination and provide a promising source of blood-based markers. Understanding the spectrum of transcriptional profiles of CTCs and their corresponding regulatory mechanisms will allow for a more robust analysis of CTC phenotypes. The current challenge in CTC research is the acquisition of useful clinical information from the multitude of high-throughput studies. To gain a deeper understanding of CTC heterogeneity and identify genes, pathways and processes that are consistently affected across tumors, we mined the literature for gene expression profiles in CTCs. Through in silico analysis and the integration of CTC-specific genes, we found highly significant biological mechanisms and regulatory processes acting in CTCs across various cancers, with a particular enrichment of the leukocyte extravasation pathway. This pathway appears to play a pivotal role in the migration of CTCs to distant metastatic sites. We find that CTCs from multiple cancers express both epithelial and mesenchymal markers in varying amounts, which is suggestive of dynamic and hybrid states along the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) spectrum. Targeting the specific molecular nodes to monitor disease and therapeutic control of CTCs in real time will likely improve the clinical management of cancer progression and metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Yadavalli
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
| | - S. Jayaram
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
- Manipal University, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - S. S. Manda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
- Center for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - A. K. Madugundu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
- Center for Bioinformatics, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
| | - D. S. Nayakanti
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
| | - T. Z. Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - R. Bhat
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - A. Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - A. Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - H. Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
- YU-IOB Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - J. P. Thiery
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Centre for Translational Medicine NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Institut Gustave Roussy, 114 Rue Edouard Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif, France
- CNRS UMR 7057, Matter and Complex Systems, Université Paris Diderot, 10 rue Alice Domon et Léonie Duquet 75013 Paris, France
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - P. Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560 066, India
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24
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Liang G, Webster CE. Phosphoramidate hydrolysis catalyzed by human histidine triad nucleotide binding protein 1 (hHint1): a cluster-model DFT computational study. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8661-8668. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02098h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The histidine triad of hHint1 serves as a proton shuttle in the DFT proposed mechanism of the hydrolysis of phosphoramidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchao Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Computational Sciences
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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25
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Yang L, Lee MMK, Leung MMH, Wong YH. Regulator of G protein signaling 20 enhances cancer cell aggregation, migration, invasion and adhesion. Cell Signal 2016; 28:1663-72. [PMID: 27495875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2016.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Several RGS (regulator of G protein signaling) proteins are known to be upregulated in a variety of tumors but their roles in modulating tumorigenesis remain undefined. Since the expression of RGS20 is elevated in metastatic melanoma and breast tumors, we examined the effects of RGS20 overexpression and knockdown on the cell mobility and adhesive properties of different human cancer cell lines, including cervical cancer HeLa, breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231, and non-small cell lung carcinoma H1299 and A549 cells. Expression of RGS20 enhanced cell aggregation, migration, invasion and adhesion as determined by hanging drop aggregation, wound healing, transwell chamber migration and invasion assays. Conversely, shRNA-mediated knockdown of endogenous RGS20 impaired these responses. In addition, RGS20 elevated the expression of vimentin (a mesenchymal cell marker) but down-regulated the expression of E-cadherin, two indicators commonly associated with metastasis. These results suggest that the expression of RGS20 may promote metastasis of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Division of Life Science, Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maggie M K Lee
- Division of Life Science, Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Manton M H Leung
- Division of Life Science, Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yung H Wong
- Division of Life Science, Biotechnology Research Institute, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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26
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Paisie CA, Schrock MS, Karras JR, Zhang J, Miuma S, Ouda IM, Waters CE, Saldivar JC, Druck T, Huebner K. Exome-wide single-base substitutions in tissues and derived cell lines of the constitutive Fhit knockout mouse. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:528-35. [PMID: 26782170 PMCID: PMC4832848 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of expression of Fhit, a tumor suppressor and genome caretaker, occurs in preneoplastic lesions during development of many human cancers. Furthermore, Fhit-deficient mouse models are exquisitely susceptible to carcinogen induction of cancers of the lung and forestomach. Due to absence of Fhit genome caretaker function, cultured cells and tissues of the constitutive Fhit knockout strain develop chromosome aneuploidy and allele copy number gains and losses and we hypothesized that Fhit-deficient cells would also develop point mutations. On analysis of whole exome sequences of Fhit-deficient tissues and cultured cells, we found 300 to >1000 single-base substitutions associated with Fhit loss in the 2% of the genome included in exomes, relative to the C57Bl6 reference genome. The mutation signature is characterized by increased C>T and T>C mutations, similar to the "age at diagnosis" signature identified in human cancers. The Fhit-deficiency mutation signature also resembles a C>T and T>C mutation signature reported for human papillary kidney cancers and a similar signature recently reported for esophageal and bladder cancers, cancers that are frequently Fhit deficient. The increase in T>C mutations in -/- exomes may be due to dNTP imbalance, particularly in thymidine triphosphate, resulting from decreased expression of thymidine kinase 1 in Fhit-deficient cells. Fhit-deficient kidney cells that survived in vitro dimethylbenz(a)anthracene treatment additionally showed increased T>A mutations, a signature generated by treatment with this carcinogen, suggesting that these T>A transversions may be evidence of carcinogen-induced preneoplastic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A. Paisie
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
- Present address: The Center for Infectious Disease ResearchSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Morgan S. Schrock
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jenna R. Karras
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Satoshi Miuma
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyGraduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki UniversityNagasakiJapan
| | - Iman M. Ouda
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Catherine E. Waters
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
- Present address: Department of BiochemistryMolecular Biology and Biophysics Institute for Molecular VirologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Joshua C. Saldivar
- Department of Chemical and Systems BiologyStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Teresa Druck
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Kay Huebner
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical GeneticsColumbusOhioUSA
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27
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Kanwar JR, Kamalapuram SK, Krishnakumar S, Kanwar RK. Multimodal iron oxide (Fe3O4)-saturated lactoferrin nanocapsules as nanotheranostics for real-time imaging and breast cancer therapy of claudin-low, triple-negative (ER-/PR-/HER2-). Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:249-68. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To unravel the multimodal nanotheranostic ability of Fe3O4-saturated bovine lactoferrin nanocapsules (FebLf NCs) in claudin-low, triple-negative breast cancer model. Materials & methods: Xenograft study was performed to examine biocompatibility, antitumor efficacy and multimodal nanotheranostic action in combination with near-infrared live mice imaging. Results: FebLf NCs exhibited a size range of 80 nm ± 5 nm with observed superparamagnetism. FebLf NCs successfully internalized into breast cancer cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis and induced apoptosis through the downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis survivin and livin proteins. Investigations revealed a remarkable biocompatibility, anticancer efficacy of the FebLf NCs. Near-infrared imaging observations confirmed selective localization of multimodal FebLf NCs at the tumor site and lead to time-dependent reduction of tumor growth. Conclusion: FebLf NCs can be safe, biocompatible nanotheranostic approach for real-time imaging and monitoring the effect of drugs in real time and have potentials in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), Centre Molecular & Medical Research (C-MMR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Sishir K Kamalapuram
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), Centre Molecular & Medical Research (C-MMR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- L&T Ophthalmic Pathology Department, In charge Stem Cell Laboratory & Nano-biotechnology Laboratory Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rupinder K Kanwar
- Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (LIMBR), Centre Molecular & Medical Research (C-MMR), School of Medicine (SoM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3217, Australia
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28
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Zhang X, Zhai C, Hua C, Qiu M, Hao Y, Nie P, Ye W, Wang Y. PsHint1, associated with the G-protein α subunit PsGPA1, is required for the chemotaxis and pathogenicity of Phytophthora sojae. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:272-85. [PMID: 25976113 PMCID: PMC6638540 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Zoospore chemotaxis to soybean isoflavones is essential in the early stages of infection by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae. Previously, we have identified a G-protein α subunit encoded by PsGPA1 which regulates the chemotaxis and pathogenicity of P. sojae. In the present study, we used affinity purification to identify PsGPA1-interacting proteins, including PsHint1, a histidine triad (HIT) domain-containing protein orthologous to human HIT nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1). PsHint1 interacted with both the guanosine triphosphate (GTP)- and guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound forms of PsGPA1. An analysis of the gene-silenced transformants revealed that PsHint1 was involved in the chemotropic response of zoospores to the isoflavone daidzein. During interaction with a susceptible soybean cultivar, PsHint1-silenced transformants displayed significantly reduced infectious hyphal extension and caused a strong cell death in plants. In addition, the transformants displayed defective cyst germination, forming abnormal germ tubes that were highly branched and exhibited apical swelling. These results suggest that PsHint1 not only regulates chemotaxis by interacting with PsGPA1, but also participates in a Gα-independent pathway involved in the pathogenicity of P. sojae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunhua Zhai
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chenlei Hua
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Min Qiu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yujuan Hao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Pingping Nie
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wenwu Ye
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuanchao Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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29
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The Effect of Weight Loss on the Muscle Proteome in the Damara, Dorper and Australian Merino Ovine Breeds. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146367. [PMID: 26828937 PMCID: PMC4734549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal Weight Loss (SWL) is an important constraint, limiting animal production in the Tropics and the Mediterranean. As a result, the study of physiological and biochemical mechanisms by which domestic animal breeds respond to SWL is important to those interested in animal breeding and the improvement thereof. To that end, the study of the proteome has been instrumental in gathering important information on physiological mechanisms, including those underlying SWL. In spite of that, little information is available concerning physiological mechanisms of SWL in production animals. The objective of this study was to determine differential protein expression in the muscle of three different breeds of sheep, the Australian Merino, the Dorper and the Damara, each showing different levels of tolerance to weight loss (low, medium and high, respectively). Per breed, two experimental groups were established, one labeled “Growth” and the other labeled “Restricted.” After forty-two days of dietary treatment, all animals were euthanized. Muscle samples were then taken. Total protein was extracted from the muscle, then quantified and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were conducted using 24 cm pH 3–10 immobiline dry strips and colloidal coomassie staining. Gels were analyzed using Samespots® software and spots of interest were in-gel digested with trypsin. The isolated proteins were identified using MALDI-TOF/TOF. Results indicated relevant differences between breeds; several proteins are suggested as putative biomarkers of tolerance to weight loss: Desmin, Troponin T, Phosphoglucomutase and the Histidine Triad nucleotide-binding protein 1. This information is of relevance to and of possible use in selection programs aiming towards ruminant animal production in regions prone to droughts and weight loss.
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30
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Tarique KF, Devi S, Abdul Rehman SA, Gourinath S. Crystal structure of HINT from Helicobacter pylori. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun 2016; 72:42-8. [PMID: 26750483 PMCID: PMC4708049 DOI: 10.1107/s2053230x15023316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins belonging to the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily bind nucleotides and use the histidine triad motif to carry out dinucleotidyl hydrolase, nucleotidyltransferase and phosphoramidite hydrolase activities. Five different branches of this superfamily are known to exist. Defects in these proteins in humans are linked to many diseases such as ataxia, diseases of RNA metabolism and cell-cycle regulation, and various types of cancer. The histidine triad nucleotide protein (HINT) is nearly identical to proteins that have been classified as protein kinase C-interacting proteins (PKCIs), which also have the ability to bind and inhibit protein kinase C. The structure of HINT, which exists as a homodimer, is highly conserved from humans to bacteria and shares homology with the product of fragile histidine triad protein (FHit), a tumour suppressor gene of this superfamily. Here, the structure of HINT from Helicobacter pylori (HpHINT) in complex with AMP is reported at a resolution of 3 Å. The final model has R and Rfree values of 26 and 28%, respectively, with good electron density. Structural comparison with previously reported homologues and phylogenetic analysis shows H. pylori HINT to be the smallest among them, and suggests that it branched out separately during the course of evolution. Overall, this structure has contributed to a better understanding of this protein across the animal kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. F. Tarique
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi 110 067, India
| | - S. Devi
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi 110 067, India
| | - S. A. Abdul Rehman
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi 110 067, India
| | - S. Gourinath
- School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi 110 067, India
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31
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Ng CKL, Shboul M, Taverniti V, Bonnard C, Lee H, Eskin A, Nelson SF, Al-Raqad M, Altawalbeh S, Séraphin B, Reversade B. Loss of the scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme DCPS causes syndromic intellectual disability with neuromuscular defects. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:3163-71. [PMID: 25712129 PMCID: PMC4424953 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
mRNA decay is an essential and active process that allows cells to continuously adapt gene expression to internal and environmental cues. There are two mRNA degradation pathways: 3′ to 5′ and 5′ to 3′. The DCPS protein is the scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme which functions in the last step of the 3′ end mRNA decay pathway. We have identified a DCPS pathogenic mutation in a large family with three affected individuals presenting with a novel recessive syndrome consisting of craniofacial anomalies, intellectual disability and neuromuscular defects. Using patient's primary cells, we show that this homozygous splice mutation results in a DCPS loss-of-function allele. Diagnostic biochemical analyses using various m7G cap derivatives as substrates reveal no DCPS enzymatic activity in patient's cells. Our results implicate DCPS and more generally RNA catabolism, as a critical cellular process for neurological development, normal cognition and organismal homeostasis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calista K L Ng
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Mohammad Shboul
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Valerio Taverniti
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 1704/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Carine Bonnard
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Hane Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
| | - Ascia Eskin
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mohammed Al-Raqad
- Queen Rania Paediatric Hospital, King Hussein Medical Centre, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samah Altawalbeh
- Queen Rania Paediatric Hospital, King Hussein Medical Centre, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Bertrand Séraphin
- IGBMC, CNRS UMR 1704/INSERM U964/Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Bruno Reversade
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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32
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Taverniti V, Séraphin B. Elimination of cap structures generated by mRNA decay involves the new scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme Aph1/FHIT together with DcpS. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 43:482-92. [PMID: 25432955 PMCID: PMC4288156 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic 5' mRNA cap structures participate to the post-transcriptional control of gene expression before being released by the two main mRNA decay pathways. In the 3'-5' pathway, the exosome generates free cap dinucleotides (m7GpppN) or capped oligoribonucleotides that are hydrolyzed by the Scavenger Decapping Enzyme (DcpS) forming m7GMP. In the 5'-3' pathway, the decapping enzyme Dcp2 generates m7GDP. We investigated the fate of m7GDP and m7GpppN produced by RNA decay in extracts and cells. This defined a pathway involving DcpS, NTPs and the nucleoside diphosphate kinase for m7GDP elimination. Interestingly, we identified and characterized in vitro and in vivo a new scavenger decapping enzyme involved in m7GpppN degradation. We show that activities mediating cap elimination identified in yeast are essentially conserved in human. Their alteration may contribute to pathologies, possibly through the interference of cap (di)nucleotide with cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Taverniti
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104/Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964/Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Bertrand Séraphin
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre National de Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UMR 7104/Institut National de Santé et de Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U964/Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
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33
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Milac AL, Bojarska E, Wypijewska del Nogal A. Decapping Scavenger (DcpS) enzyme: advances in its structure, activity and roles in the cap-dependent mRNA metabolism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1839:452-62. [PMID: 24742626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Decapping Scavenger (DcpS) enzyme rids eukaryotic cells of short mRNA fragments containing the 5' mRNA cap structure, which appear in the 3'→5' mRNA decay pathway, following deadenylation and exosome-mediated turnover. The unique structural properties of the cap, which consists of 7-methylguanosine attached to the first transcribed nucleoside by a triphosphate chain (m(7)GpppN), guarantee its resistance to non-specific exonucleases. DcpS enzymes are dimers belonging to the Histidine Triad (HIT) superfamily of pyrophosphatases. The specific hydrolysis of m(7)GpppN by DcpS yields m(7)GMP and NDP. By precluding inhibition of other cap-binding proteins by short m(7)GpppN-containing mRNA fragments, DcpS plays an important role in the cap-dependent mRNA metabolism. Over the past decade, lots of new structural, biochemical and biophysical data on DcpS has accumulated. We attempt to integrate these results, referring to DcpS enzymes from different species. Such a synergistic characteristic of the DcpS structure and activity might be useful for better understanding of the DcpS catalytic mechanism, its regulatory role in gene expression, as well as for designing DcpS inhibitors of potential therapeutic application, e.g. in spinal muscular atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina L Milac
- Department of Bioinformatics and Structural Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy (IBAR), Splaiul Independentei 296, 060031, Bucharest 17, Romania
| | - Elzbieta Bojarska
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Zwirki & Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Wypijewska del Nogal
- Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Zwirki & Wigury 93, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
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Paul AG, Chandran B, Sharma-Walia N. Cyclooxygenase-2-prostaglandin E2-eicosanoid receptor inflammatory axis: a key player in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus associated malignancies. Transl Res 2013; 162:77-92. [PMID: 23567332 PMCID: PMC7185490 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), its lipid metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and Eicosanoid (EP) receptors (EP; 1-4) underlying the proinflammatory mechanistic aspects of Burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cervical cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, and Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an active area of investigation. The tumorigenic potential of COX-2 and PGE2 through EP receptors forms the mechanistic context underlying the chemotherapeutic potential of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Although role of the COX-2 is described in several viral associated malignancies, the biological significance of the COX-2/PGE2/EP receptor inflammatory axis is extensively studied only in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV/HHV-8) associated malignancies such as KS, a multifocal endothelial cell tumor and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), a B cell-proliferative disorder. The purpose of this review is to summarize the salient findings delineating the molecular mechanisms downstream of COX-2 involving PGE2 secretion and its autocrine and paracrine interactions with EP receptors (EP1-4), COX-2/PGE2/EP receptor signaling regulating KSHV pathogenesis and latency. KSHV infection induces COX-2, PGE2 secretion, and EP receptor activation. The resulting signal cascades modulate the expression of KSHV latency genes (latency associated nuclear antigen-1 [LANA-1] and viral-Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domain like interferon converting enzyme-like- inhibitory protein [vFLIP]). vFLIP was also shown to be crucial for the maintenance of COX-2 activation. The mutually interdependent interactions between viral proteins (LANA-1/vFLIP) and COX-2/PGE2/EP receptors was shown to play key roles in the biological mechanisms involved in KS and PEL pathogenesis such as blockage of apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, transformation, proliferation, angiogenesis, adhesion, invasion, and immune-suppression. Understanding the COX-2/PGE2/EP axis is very important to develop new safer and specific therapeutic modalities for KS and PEL. In addition to COX-2 being a therapeutic target, EP receptors represent ideal targets for pharmacologic agents as PGE2 analogues and their blockers/antagonists possess antineoplastic activity, without the reported gastrointestinal and cardiovascular toxicity observed with few a NSAIDs.
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MESH Headings
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Cyclooxygenase 2/metabolism
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
- Herpesvirus 8, Human/genetics
- Herpesvirus 8, Human/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Primary Effusion/metabolism
- Receptors, Eicosanoid/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/drug therapy
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Kaposi/virology
- Signal Transduction
- Virus Latency/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun George Paul
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Ill
| | - Bala Chandran
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Ill
| | - Neelam Sharma-Walia
- H. M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Ill
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35
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Maize KM, Wagner CR, Finzel BC. Structural characterization of human histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 2, a member of the histidine triad superfamily. FEBS J 2013; 280:3389-98. [PMID: 23659632 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The histidine triad proteins (HITs) constitute a large and ubiquitous superfamily of nucleotide hydrolases. The human histidine triad nucleotide-binding proteins (hHints) are a distinct class of HITs noted for their acyl-AMP hydrolase and phosphoramidase activity. The first high-resolution crystal structures of hHint2 with and without bound AMP are described. The differences between hHint2 and previously known HIT family protein structures are discussed. HIT family enzymes have historically been divided into five classes based on their catalytic specificity: Hint, fragile HIT protein, galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase, DcpS and aprataxin. However, although several structures exist for the enzymes in these classes, the endogenous substrates of many of these enzymes have not been identified or biochemically characterized. To better understand the structural relationships of the HIT enzymes, a structure-based phylogeny was constructed that resulted in the identification of several new putative HIT clades with potential acyl-AMP hydrolase and phosphoramidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Maize
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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36
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Concurrent targeting of eicosanoid receptor 1/eicosanoid receptor 4 receptors and COX-2 induces synergistic apoptosis in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines. Transl Res 2013; 161:447-68. [PMID: 23523954 PMCID: PMC4672642 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The effective antitumorigenic potential of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and eicosonoid (EP; EP1-4) receptor antagonists prompted us to test their efficacy in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) related lymphomas. Our study demonstrated that (1) EP1-4 receptor protein levels vary among the various non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) cell lines tested (BCBL-1:KSHV+/EBV-;BC-3: KSHV+/EBV-; Akata/EBV+: KSHV-/EBV+; and JSC-1 cells: KSHV+/EBV + cells); (2) 5.0 μM of EP1 antagonist (SC-51322) had a significant antiproliferative effect on BCBL-1, BC-3, Akata/EBV+, and JSC-1 cells; (3) 50.0 μM of EP2 antagonist (AH6809) was required to induce a significant antiproliferative effect on BCBL-1, Akata/EBV+, and JSC-1 cells; (4) 5.0 μM of EP4 antagonist (GW 627368X) had a significant antiproliferative effect on BC-3, Akata/EBV+, and JSC-1 cells; (5) COX-2 selective inhibitor celecoxib (5.0 μM) had significant antiproliferative effects on BCBL-1, BC-3, Akata/EBV+, and JSC-1 cells; and (6) a combination of 1.0 μM each of celecoxib, SC-51322 and GW 627368X could potentiate the proapoptotic properties of celecoxib or vice-versa. Overall, our studies identified the synergistic antiproliferative effect of NSAIDs and EP receptor blockers on KSHV and EBV related B cell malignancies.
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37
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Abstract
DNA damage created by endogenous or exogenous genotoxic agents can exist in multiple forms, and if allowed to persist, can promote genome instability and directly lead to various human diseases, particularly cancer, neurological abnormalities, immunodeficiency and premature aging. To avoid such deleterious outcomes, cells have evolved an array of DNA repair pathways, which carry out what is typically a multiple-step process to resolve specific DNA lesions and maintain genome integrity. To fully appreciate the biological contributions of the different DNA repair systems, one must keep in mind the cellular context within which they operate. For example, the human body is composed of non-dividing and dividing cell types, including, in the brain, neurons and glial cells. We describe herein the molecular mechanisms of the different DNA repair pathways, and review their roles in non-dividing and dividing cells, with an eye toward how these pathways may regulate the development of neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Iyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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38
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Nitric Oxide and Zinc-Mediated Protein Assemblies Involved in Mu Opioid Receptor Signaling. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:769-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Anderson KA, Wang D, Hirschey MD. HINT2 and fatty liver disease: mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation gives a hint? Hepatology 2013; 57:1681-3. [PMID: 22991239 PMCID: PMC4019374 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Revised: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A. Anderson
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Dongning Wang
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | - Matthew D. Hirschey
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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40
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Linde CI, Feng B, Wang JB, Golovina VA. Histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) regulates Ca(2+) signaling in mouse fibroblasts and neuronal cells via store-operated Ca(2+) entry pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C1098-104. [PMID: 23576580 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00073.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings indicate that histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1) is implicated in the pathophysiology of certain psychiatric disorders and also exhibits tumor suppressor properties. However, the authentic functions of HINT1 in cellular physiology and especially its role in Ca(2+) signaling remain unclear. Here, we studied Ca(2+) signaling in cultured embryonic fibroblasts derived from wild-type control and HINT1 knockout (KO) mice. The resting cytosolic Ca(2+) level (measured with fura-2) was not altered in fibroblasts lacking HINT1. The stored Ca(2+) evaluated by measuring peak amplitude of ATP (10 μM)-induced Ca(2+) transients in Ca(2+)-free medium was significantly larger in HINT1 KO fibroblasts than in wild-type cells. Ca(2+) influx after external Ca(2+) restoration, likely via store- and receptor-operated channels (SOCs and ROCs, respectively), was greatly (by 2-fold) reduced in HINT1 KO fibroblasts. This correlated with a downregulated expression of Orai1 and stromal interacting molecule 1 (STIM1), essential components of store-operated Ca(2+) entry pathway. Expression of canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC)3 and TRPC6, which function as ROCs, was not altered in HINT1 KO fibroblasts. Immunoblots also revealed that Orai1 was downregulated by twofold in brain lysates of HINT1 KO mice compared with the wild-type littermates. Importantly, silencer RNA knockdown of HINT1 in Neuro-2A cells markedly downregulated Orai1 and STIM1 protein expression and significantly (by 2.5-fold) reduced ATP-induced Ca(2+) influx, while ATP-evoked Ca(2+) release was not changed. Thus the study demonstrates a novel function of HINT1 that involves the regulation of SOC-mediated Ca(2+) entry pathway (Orai1 and STIM1), essential for regulation of cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina I Linde
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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41
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The molecular mechanisms of antimetastatic ruthenium compounds explored through DIGE proteomics. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 118:94-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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42
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Identification of proteins containing redox-sensitive thiols after PRDX1, PRDX3 and GCLC silencing and/or glucose oxidase treatment in Hepa 1–6 cells. J Proteomics 2012; 77:262-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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43
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Saldivar JC, Bene J, Hosseini SA, Miuma S, Horton S, Heerema NA, Huebner K. Characterization of the role of Fhit in suppression of DNA damage. Adv Biol Regul 2012; 53:77-85. [PMID: 23102829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fragile histidine triad protein, Fhit, has a number of reported tumor suppressive functions which include signaling of apoptosis in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, modulation of the DNA damage response, down-regulation of target oncogene expression, suppression of tumor growth in vivo, and suppression of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Most of these functions of Fhit have been observed on exogenous re-expression of Fhit in Fhit-negative cancer cells. However, little is known about the tumorigenic changes that occur in normal or precancerous cells following loss of Fhit expression. Recently, we have shown that shortly after loss of Fhit expression, cells exhibit signs of DNA replication stress-induced DNA damage and develop genomic instability. Here, we extend these findings through investigation of different factors that affect Fhit function to prevent DNA damage. We found that Fhit activity is dependent upon a functional HIT domain and the tyrosine-114 residue, previously shown to be required for tumor suppression by Fhit. Furthermore, Fhit function was shown to be independent of exogenous and endogenous sources of oxidative stress. Finally, Fhit function was shown to be dependent upon Chk1 kinase activity, but independent of Atr or Atm kinases. Evidence suggests that Fhit and Chk1 kinase cooperate to prevent replication stress-induced DNA damage. These findings provide important and unexpected insights into the mechanism whereby loss of Fhit expression contributes to cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Saldivar
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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44
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Abstract
The current status of peptides that target the mitochondria in the context of cancer is the focus of this review. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy used to kill tumor cells are principally mediated by the process of apoptosis that is governed by the mitochondria. The failure of anticancer therapy often resides at the level of the mitochondria. Therefore, the mitochondrion is a key pharmacological target in cancer due to many of the differences that arise between malignant and healthy cells at the level of this ubiquitous organelle. Additionally, targeting the characteristics of malignant mitochondira often rely on disruption of protein--protein interactions that are not generally amenable to small molecules. We discuss anticancer peptides that intersect with pathological changes in the mitochondrion.
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45
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Kameyama T, Suzuki H, Mayeda A. Re-splicing of mature mRNA in cancer cells promotes activation of distant weak alternative splice sites. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:7896-906. [PMID: 22675076 PMCID: PMC3439910 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcripts of the human tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) are aberrantly spliced in many cancers. A major aberrant splicing event on the TSG101 pre-mRNA involves joining of distant alternative 5′ and 3′ splice sites within exon 2 and exon 9, respectively, resulting in the extensive elimination of the mRNA. The estimated strengths of the alternative splice sites are much lower than those of authentic splice sites. We observed that the equivalent aberrant mRNA could be generated from an intron-less TSG101 gene expressed ectopically in breast cancer cells. Remarkably, we identified a pathway-specific endogenous lariat RNA consisting solely of exonic sequences, predicted to be generated by a re-splicing between exon 2 and exon 9 on the spliced mRNA. Our results provide evidence for a two-step splicing pathway in which the initial constitutive splicing removes all 14 authentic splice sites, thereby bringing the weak alternative splice sites into close proximity. We also demonstrate that aberrant multiple-exon skipping of the fragile histidine triad (FHIT) pre-mRNA in cancer cells occurs via re-splicing of spliced FHIT mRNA. The re-splicing of mature mRNA can potentially generate mutation-independent diversity in cancer transcriptomes. Conversely, a mechanism may exist in normal cells to prevent potentially deleterious mRNA re-splicing events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Kameyama
- Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
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46
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Hadj-Hamou NS, Laé M, Almeida A, Grange PDL, Kirova Y, Sastre-Garau X, Malfoy B. A transcriptome signature of endothelial lymphatic cells coexists with the chronic oxidative stress signature in radiation-induced post-radiotherapy breast angiosarcomas. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1399-405. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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47
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Wang J, Fang P, Schimmel P, Guo M. Side chain independent recognition of aminoacyl adenylates by the Hint1 transcription suppressor. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:6798-805. [PMID: 22329685 PMCID: PMC3375047 DOI: 10.1021/jp212457w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Human Hint1 suppresses specific gene transcription by
interacting with the transcription factor MITF in mast cells. Hint1
activity is connected to lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS), a member of
the universal aminoacyl tRNA synthetase family that catalyzes specific
aminoacylation of their cognate tRNAs, through an aminoacyl adenylate
(aa-AMP) intermediate. During immune activation, LysRS produces a
side-product diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap4A) from the
condensation of Lys-AMP with ATP. The pleiotropic signaling molecule
Ap4A then binds Hint1 to promote activation of MITF-target
gene transcription. Earlier work showed that Hint1 can also bind and
hydrolyze Lys-AMP, possibly to constrain Ap4A production.
Because Ap4A can result from condensation of other aa-AMP's
with ATP, the specificity of the Hint1 aa-AMP–hydrolysis activity
is of interest. Here we show that Hint1 has broad specificity for
adenylate hydrolysis, whose structural basis we revealed through high-resolution
structures of Hint1 in complex with three different aa-AMP analogues.
Hint1 recognizes only the common main chain of the aminoacyl moiety,
and has no contact with the aa side chain. The α-amino group
is anchored by a cation-pi interaction with Trp123 at the C-terminus
of Hint1. These results reveal the structural basis for the remarkable
adenylate surveillance activity of Hint1, to potentially control Ap4A levels in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, USA
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48
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Kaur N, Hu J. Defining the plant peroxisomal proteome: from Arabidopsis to rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2011; 2:103. [PMID: 22645559 PMCID: PMC3355810 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2011.00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/08/2011] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are small subcellular organelles mediating a multitude of processes in plants. Proteomics studies over the last several years have yielded much needed information on the composition of plant peroxisomes. In this review, the status of peroxisome proteomics studies in Arabidopsis and other plant species and the cumulative advances made through these studies are summarized. A reference Arabidopsis peroxisome proteome is generated, and some unique aspects of Arabidopsis peroxisomes that were uncovered through proteomics studies and hint at unanticipated peroxisomal functions are also highlighted. Knowledge gained from Arabidopsis was utilized to compile a tentative list of peroxisome proteins for the model monocot plant, rice. Differences in the peroxisomal proteome between these two model plants were drawn, and novel facets in rice were expounded upon. Finally, we discuss about the current limitations of experimental proteomics in decoding the complete and dynamic makeup of peroxisomes, and complementary and integrated approaches that would be beneficial to defining the peroxisomal metabolic and regulatory roadmaps. The synteny of genomes in the grass family makes rice an ideal model to study peroxisomes in cereal crops, in which these organelles have received much less attention, with the ultimate goal to improve crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jianping Hu
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- Plant Biology Department, Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, MI, USA
- *Correspondence: Jianping Hu, MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. e-mail:
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