1
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Saraceno P, Sardar S, Caferri R, Camargo FVA, Dall'Osto L, D'Andrea C, Bassi R, Cupellini L, Cerullo G, Mennucci B. Probing the Effect of Mutations on Light Harvesting in CP29 by Transient Absorption and First-Principles Simulations. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6398-6408. [PMID: 38861672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Natural light harvesting is exceptionally efficient thanks to the local energy funnel created within light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). To understand the design principles underlying energy transport in LHCs, ultrafast spectroscopy is often complemented by mutational studies that introduce perturbations into the excitonic structure of the natural complexes. However, such studies may fall short of identifying all excitation energy transfer (EET) pathways and their changes upon mutation. Here, we show that a synergistic combination of first-principles calculations and ultrafast spectroscopy can give unprecedented insight into the EET pathways occurring within LHCs. We measured the transient absorption spectra of the minor CP29 complex of plants and of two mutants, systematically mapping the kinetic components seen in experiments to the simulated exciton dynamics. With our combined strategy, we show that EET in CP29 is surprisingly robust to the changes in the exciton states induced by mutations, explaining the versatility of plant LHCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piermarco Saraceno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Samim Sardar
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, 20134 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Caferri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Franco V A Camargo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Dall'Osto
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Cosimo D'Andrea
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Rubattino 81, 20134 Milan, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Bassi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università di Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Cerullo
- Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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2
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Zhang YZ, Li K, Qin BY, Guo JP, Zhang QB, Zhao DL, Chen XL, Gao J, Liu LN, Zhao LS. Structure of cryptophyte photosystem II-light-harvesting antennae supercomplex. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4999. [PMID: 38866834 PMCID: PMC11169493 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptophytes are ancestral photosynthetic organisms evolved from red algae through secondary endosymbiosis. They have developed alloxanthin-chlorophyll a/c2-binding proteins (ACPs) as light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). The distinctive properties of cryptophytes contribute to efficient oxygenic photosynthesis and underscore the evolutionary relationships of red-lineage plastids. Here we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the Photosystem II (PSII)-ACPII supercomplex from the cryptophyte Chroomonas placoidea. The structure includes a PSII dimer and twelve ACPII monomers forming four linear trimers. These trimers structurally resemble red algae LHCs and cryptophyte ACPI trimers that associate with Photosystem I (PSI), suggesting their close evolutionary links. We also determine a Chl a-binding subunit, Psb-γ, essential for stabilizing PSII-ACPII association. Furthermore, computational calculation provides insights into the excitation energy transfer pathways. Our study lays a solid structural foundation for understanding the light-energy capture and transfer in cryptophyte PSII-ACPII, evolutionary variations in PSII-LHCII, and the origin of red-lineage LHCIIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhong Zhang
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China.
| | - Kang Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing-Yue Qin
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jian-Ping Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Quan-Bao Zhang
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dian-Li Zhao
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lu-Ning Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System & College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Long-Sheng Zhao
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, China.
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3
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Betti E, Saraceno P, Cignoni E, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. Insights into Energy Transfer in Light-Harvesting Complex II Through Machine-Learning Assisted Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5188-5200. [PMID: 38761151 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c01494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) is the major antenna of higher plants. Energy transfer processes taking place inside its aggregate of chlorophylls have been experimentally investigated with time-resolved techniques, but a complete understanding of the most relevant energy transfer pathways and relative characteristic times remains elusive. Theoretical models to disentangle experimental data in LHCII have long been challenged by the large size and complex nature of the system. Here, we show that a fully first-principles approach combining molecular dynamics and machine learning can be successfully used to reproduce transient absorption spectra and characterize the EET pathways and the involved times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Betti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Piermarco Saraceno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Cignoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Benedetta Mennucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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4
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Gao X, Xin D, Zhao Y, Li J, Cao Y, Zhang S, Guo J. Potential molecular mechanism of photosynthesis regulation by PeMPK7 in poplar under para-hydroxybenzoic acid stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116329. [PMID: 38626604 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Due to continuous plantation of poplar, its growth and biomass accumulation may be negatively affected by the accumulation of allelochemicals such as para-hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) in soil. As photosynthesis is the most fundamental process in plants, it can be negatively impacted by pHBA stress. Therefore, it is crucial to improve photosynthetic capacity under pHBA stress to facilitate poplar plant growth. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade pathway is widely involved in environmental stress responses in plants. However, the regulation mechanisms of photosynthesis-related pathways by MAPK pathway genes under pHBA stress are still unclear. In this study, through transcriptome analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we observed that PeMPK7 overexpression in poplar can regulate the expression of photosynthesis-related genes and transcription factor genes, namely, WRKY1, WRKY33, and ERF3, during the early stage of pHBA stress. In addition, PeMPK7 can improve photosynthesis in poplar under long-term pHBA stress. Moreover, yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays confirmed the interaction between PeMPK7 and PeMKK7/10. Based on these results, a schematic diagram of the pathways involved in the regulation of photosynthesis by PeMPK7 was constructed. This study provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of regulation of pHBA stress via MAPK cascade pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Di Xin
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Junru Li
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yangfan Cao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jing Guo
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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5
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Hou Y, Zeng W, Ao C, Huang J. Integrative analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome reveals Bacillus atrophaeus WZYH01-mediated salt stress mechanism in maize (Zea mays L.). J Biotechnol 2024; 383:39-54. [PMID: 38346451 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Maize is an important food crop that is affected by salt stress during growth, which can hinder plant growth and result in a significant decrease in yield. The application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can improve this situation to a certain extent. However, the gene network of rhizosphere-promoting bacteria regulating the response of maize to salt stress remains elusive. Here, we used metabolomics and transcriptomics techniques to elucidate potential gene networks and salt-response pathways in maize. Phenotypic analysis showed that the Bacillus atrophaeus treatment improved the plant height, leaf area, biomass, ion, nutrient and stomatal indicators of maize. Metabolomic analysis identified that differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were primarily concentrated in the arginine, proline and phytohormone signaling metabolic pathways. 4-Hydroxyphenylacetylglutamic acid, L-histidinol, oxoglutaric acid, L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, and L-tyrosine were significantly increased in the Bacillus atrophaeus treatment. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) identified several hub genes associated with salt response: Zm00001eb155540 and Zm00001eb088790 (ABC transporter family), Zm00001eb419060 (extra-large GTP-binding protein family), Zm00001eb317200 (calcium-transporting ATPase), Zm00001eb384800 (aquaporin NIP1-4) and Zm00001eb339170 (cytochrome P450). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis revealed that genes related to plant hormone signal transduction and the MAPK signaling pathway were involved in the response to the effect of Bacillus atrophaeus under salt stress. In the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, 3 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) encoding EIN3/EILs protein, 3 DEGs encoding GH3, 1 DEG encoding PYR/PYL and 6 DEGs encoding PP2C were all upregulated in Bacillus atrophaeus treatment. In the MAPK signaling pathway, 2 DEGs encoding CAT1 and 2 DEGs encoding WRKY22/WRKY29 were significantly upregulated, and the expression of DEGs encoding RbohD was downregulated by the application of Bacillus atrophaeus. In conclusion, the application of Bacillus atrophaeus under salt stress regulated key physiological and molecular processes in plants, which could stimulate the expression of genes related to ion transport and nutrients in maize, alleviate salt stress and promote maize growth to some extent, deepening our understanding of the application of Bacillus atrophaeus under salt stress to improve the salt-response gene network of maize growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wenzhi Zeng
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Chang Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Jiesheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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6
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Fujimoto KJ, Seki T, Minoda T, Yanai T. Spectral Tuning and Excitation-Energy Transfer by Unique Carotenoids in Diatom Light-Harvesting Antenna. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3984-3991. [PMID: 38236721 PMCID: PMC10870758 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The light-harvesting antennae of diatoms and spinach are composed of similar chromophores; however, they exhibit different absorption wavelengths. Recent advances in cryoelectron microscopy have revealed that the diatom light-harvesting antenna fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding protein (FCPII) forms a tetramer and differs from the spinach antenna in terms of the number of protomers; however, the detailed molecular mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we report the physicochemical factors contributing to the characteristic light absorption of the diatom light-harvesting antenna based on spectral calculations using an exciton model. Spectral analysis reveals the significant contribution of unique fucoxanthin molecules (fucoxanthin-S) in FCPII to the diatom-specific spectrum, and further analysis determines their essential role in excitation-energy transfer to chlorophyll. It was revealed that the specificity of these fucoxanthin-S molecules is caused by the proximity between protomers associated with the tetramerization of FCPII. The findings of this study demonstrate that diatoms employ fucoxanthin-S to harvest energy under the ocean in the absence of long-wavelength sunlight and can provide significant information about the survival strategies of photosynthetic organisms to adjust to their living environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro J. Fujimoto
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takuya Seki
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takumi Minoda
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yanai
- Institute
of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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7
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Ranepura GA, Mao J, Vermaas JV, Wang J, Gisriel CJ, Wei RJ, Ortiz-Soto J, Uddin MR, Amin M, Brudvig GW, Gunner MR. Computing the Relative Affinity of Chlorophylls a and b to Light-Harvesting Complex II. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:10974-10986. [PMID: 38097367 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In plants and algae, the primary antenna protein bound to photosystem II is light-harvesting complex II (LHCII), a pigment-protein complex that binds eight chlorophyll (Chl) a molecules and six Chl b molecules. Chl a and Chl b differ only in that Chl a has a methyl group (-CH3) on one of its pyrrole rings, while Chl b has a formyl group (-CHO) at that position. This blue-shifts the Chl b absorbance relative to Chl a. It is not known how the protein selectively binds the right Chl type at each site. Knowing the selection criteria would allow the design of light-harvesting complexes that bind different Chl types, modifying an organism to utilize the light of different wavelengths. The difference in the binding affinity of Chl a and Chl b in pea and spinach LHCII was calculated using multiconformation continuum electrostatics and free energy perturbation. Both methods have identified some Chl sites where the bound Chl type (a or b) has a significantly higher affinity, especially when the protein provides a hydrogen bond for the Chl b formyl group. However, the Chl a sites often have little calculated preference for one Chl type, so they are predicted to bind a mixture of Chl a and b. The electron density of the spinach LHCII was reanalyzed, which, however, confirmed that there is negligible Chl b in the Chl a-binding sites. It is suggested that the protein chooses the correct Chl type during folding, segregating the preferred Chl to the correct binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gehan A Ranepura
- Ph.D. Program in Physics, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Junjun Mao
- Benjamin Levich Institute for Physico-Chemical Hydrodynamics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
| | - Josh V Vermaas
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Jimin Wang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Christopher J Gisriel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Rongmei Judy Wei
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Jose Ortiz-Soto
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Md Raihan Uddin
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Muhamed Amin
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood, Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - M R Gunner
- PhD Program in Physics, in Chemistry and in Biochemistry at the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department of Physics, City College of New York, New York, New York 10031, United States
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8
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Saraceno P, Sláma V, Cupellini L. First-principles simulation of excitation energy transfer and transient absorption spectroscopy in the CP29 light-harvesting complex. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:184112. [PMID: 37962444 DOI: 10.1063/5.0170295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of delocalized excitons in light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) can be investigated using different experimental techniques, and transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy is one of the most valuable methods for this purpose. A careful interpretation of TA spectra is essential for the clarification of excitation energy transfer (EET) processes occurring during light-harvesting. However, even in the simplest LHCs, a physical model is needed to interpret transient spectra as the number of EET processes occurring at the same time is very large to be disentangled from measurements alone. Physical EET models are commonly built by fittings of the microscopic exciton Hamiltonians and exciton-vibrational parameters, an approach that can lead to biases. Here, we present a first-principles strategy to simulate EET and transient absorption spectra in LHCs, combining molecular dynamics and accurate multiscale quantum chemical calculations to obtain an independent estimate of the excitonic structure of the complex. The microscopic parameters thus obtained are then used in EET simulations to obtain the population dynamics and the related spectroscopic signature. We apply this approach to the CP29 minor antenna complex of plants for which we follow the EET dynamics and transient spectra after excitation in the chlorophyll b region. Our calculations reproduce all the main features observed in the transient absorption spectra and provide independent insight on the excited-state dynamics of CP29. The approach presented here lays the groundwork for the accurate simulation of EET and unbiased interpretation of transient spectra in multichromophoric systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piermarco Saraceno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vladislav Sláma
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cupellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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9
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Salah L, Makhseed S, Ghazal B, Abdel Nazeer A, Etherington MK, Ponseca CS, Li C, Monkman AP, Danos A, Shuaib A. Covalently linked pyrene antennas for optically dense yet aggregation-resistant light-harvesting systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:24878-24882. [PMID: 37681234 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02586a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study we present a novel energy transfer material inspired by natural light-harvesting antenna arrays, zinc(II) phthalocyanine-pyrene (ZnPcPy). The ZnPcPy system facilitates energy transfer from 16 covalently linked pyrene (Py) donor chromophores to the emissive central zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) core. Nearly 98% energy transfer efficiency is determined from the changes in emission decay rates between free MePy to covalently linked Py, supported by comparisons of photoluminescence quantum yields using different excitation wavelengths. A comparative analysis of ZnPcPy and an equivalent mixture of ZnPc and MePy demonstrates the superior light-harvesting performance of the covalently linked system, with energy transfer rates 9705 times higher in the covalently bound system. This covalent strategy allows for very high loadings of absorbing Py chromophores to be achieved while also avoiding exciton quenching that would otherwise arise, with the same strategy widely applicable to other pairs of Főrster resonance energy transfer (FRET) chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Salah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Saad Makhseed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Basma Ghazal
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdel Nazeer
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Marc K Etherington
- Department of Mathematics, Physics & Electrical Engineering, Northumbria University, Ellison Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Carlito S Ponseca
- Mathematics and Natural Science Department, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
| | - Chunyong Li
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Andrew P Monkman
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Andrew Danos
- Department of Physics, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Ali Shuaib
- Biomedical Engineering Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
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10
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Elias E, Liguori N, Croce R. At the origin of the selectivity of the chlorophyll-binding sites in light harvesting complex II (LHCII). Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125069. [PMID: 37245759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) are responsible for light absorption due to their pigment-binding properties. These pigments are primarily Chlorophyll (Chl) molecules of type a and b, which ensure an excellent coverage of the visible light spectrum. To date, it is unclear which factors drive the selective binding of different Chl types in the LHC binding pockets. To gain insights into this, we employed molecular dynamics simulations on LHCII binding different Chl types. From the resulting trajectories, we have calculated the binding affinities per each Chl-binding pocket using the Molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) model. To further examine the importance of the nature of the axial ligand in tuning the Chl selectivity of the binding sites, we used Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The results indicate that some binding pockets have a clear Chl selectivity, and the factors governing these selectivities are identified. Other binding pockets are promiscuous, which is consistent with previous in vitro reconstitution studies. DFT calculations show that the nature of the axial ligand is not a major factor in determining the Chl binding pocket selectivity, which is instead probably controlled by the folding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Elias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicoletta Liguori
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute for Lasers, Life and Biophotonics, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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11
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Cazzaniga S, Ballottari M. Photosynthesis 2.0. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054355. [PMID: 36901785 PMCID: PMC10002202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosynthesis is a process that provides the continuous income of energy needed to sustain life on our planet [...].
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12
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Elias E, Liguori N, Croce R. The origin of pigment-binding differences in CP29 and LHCII: the role of protein structure and dynamics. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00368-7. [PMID: 36740636 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00368-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The first step of photosynthesis in plants is performed by the light-harvesting complexes (LHC), a large family of pigment-binding proteins embedded in the photosynthetic membranes. These complexes are conserved across species, suggesting that each has a distinct role. However, they display a high degree of sequence homology and their static structures are almost identical. What are then the structural features that determine their different properties? In this work, we compared the two best-characterized LHCs of plants: LHCII and CP29. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we could rationalize the difference between them in terms of pigment-binding properties. The data also show that while the loops between the helices are very flexible, the structure of the transmembrane regions remains very similar in the crystal and the membranes. However, the small structural differences significantly affect the excitonic coupling between some pigment pairs. Finally, we analyzed in detail the structure of the long N-terminus of CP29, showing that it is structurally stable and it remains on top of the membrane even in the absence of other proteins. Although the structural changes upon phosphorylation are minor, they can explain the differences in the absorption properties of the pigments observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Elias
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicoletta Liguori
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Vetoshkina D, Balashov N, Ivanov B, Ashikhmin A, Borisova-Mubarakshina M. Light harvesting regulation: A versatile network of key components operating under various stress conditions in higher plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:576-588. [PMID: 36529008 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Light harvesting is finetuned through two main strategies controlling energy transfer to the reaction centers of photosystems: i) regulating the amount of light energy at the absorption level, ii) regulating the amount of the absorbed energy at the utilization level. The first strategy is ensured by changes in the cross-section, i.e., the size of the photosynthetic antenna. These changes can occur in a short-term (state transitions) or long-term way (changes in antenna protein biosynthesis) depending on the light conditions. The interrelation of these two ways is still underexplored. Regulating light absorption through the long-term modulation of photosystem II antenna size has been mostly considered as an acclimatory mechanism to light conditions. The present review highlights that this mechanism represents one of the most versatile mechanisms of higher plant acclimation to various conditions including drought, salinity, temperature changes, and even biotic factors. We suggest that H2O2 is the universal signaling agent providing the switch from the short-term to long-term modulation of photosystem II antenna size under these factors. The second strategy of light harvesting is represented by redirecting energy to waste mainly via thermal energy dissipation in the photosystem II antenna in high light through PsbS protein and xanthophyll cycle. In the latter case, H2O2 also plays a considerable role. This circumstance may explain the maintenance of the appropriate level of zeaxanthin not only upon high light but also upon other stress factors. Thus, the review emphasizes the significance of both strategies for ensuring plant sustainability under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Vetoshkina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 2, Pushchino, Russia.
| | - Nikolay Balashov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 2, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Boris Ivanov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 2, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Aleksandr Ashikhmin
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 2, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Maria Borisova-Mubarakshina
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya St., 2, Pushchino, Russia.
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14
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Timilsena PR, Barrett CF, Piñeyro-Nelson A, Wafula EK, Ayyampalayam S, McNeal JR, Yukawa T, Givnish TJ, Graham SW, Pires JC, Davis JI, Ané C, Stevenson DW, Leebens-Mack J, Martínez-Salas E, Álvarez-Buylla ER, dePamphilis CW. Phylotranscriptomic Analyses of Mycoheterotrophic Monocots Show a Continuum of Convergent Evolutionary Changes in Expressed Nuclear Genes From Three Independent Nonphotosynthetic Lineages. Genome Biol Evol 2022; 15:6965378. [PMID: 36582124 PMCID: PMC9887272 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evac183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycoheterotrophy is an alternative nutritional strategy whereby plants obtain sugars and other nutrients from soil fungi. Mycoheterotrophy and associated loss of photosynthesis have evolved repeatedly in plants, particularly in monocots. Although reductive evolution of plastomes in mycoheterotrophs is well documented, the dynamics of nuclear genome evolution remains largely unknown. Transcriptome datasets were generated from four mycoheterotrophs in three families (Orchidaceae, Burmanniaceae, Triuridaceae) and related green plants and used for phylogenomic analyses to resolve relationships among the mycoheterotrophs, their relatives, and representatives across the monocots. Phylogenetic trees based on 602 genes were mostly congruent with plastome phylogenies, except for an Asparagales + Liliales clade inferred in the nuclear trees. Reduction and loss of chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic gene expression and relaxation of purifying selection on retained genes were progressive, with greater loss in older nonphotosynthetic lineages. One hundred seventy-four of 1375 plant benchmark universally conserved orthologous genes were undetected in any mycoheterotroph transcriptome or the genome of the mycoheterotrophic orchid Gastrodia but were expressed in green relatives, providing evidence for massively convergent gene loss in nonphotosynthetic lineages. We designate this set of deleted or undetected genes Missing in Mycoheterotrophs (MIM). MIM genes encode not only mainly photosynthetic or plastid membrane proteins but also a diverse set of plastid processes, genes of unknown function, mitochondrial, and cellular processes. Transcription of a photosystem II gene (psb29) in all lineages implies a nonphotosynthetic function for this and other genes retained in mycoheterotrophs. Nonphotosynthetic plants enable novel insights into gene function as well as gene expression shifts, gene loss, and convergence in nuclear genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Raj Timilsena
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Craig F Barrett
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Alma Piñeyro-Nelson
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eric K Wafula
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Joel R McNeal
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Kennesaw State University, Georgia
| | - Tomohisa Yukawa
- Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, 1-1, Amakubo 4, Tsukuba, 305-0005, Japan
| | - Thomas J Givnish
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Sean W Graham
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4Canada
| | - J Chris Pires
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri–Columbia, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jerrold I Davis
- School of Integrative Plant Sciences and L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, 1485
| | - Cécile Ané
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin,Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Jim Leebens-Mack
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, 3060
| | - Esteban Martínez-Salas
- Departmento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Elena R Álvarez-Buylla
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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15
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Zepernick BN, Niknejad DJ, Stark GF, Truchon AR, Martin RM, Rossignol KL, Paerl HW, Wilhelm SW. Morphological, physiological, and transcriptional responses of the freshwater diatom Fragilaria crotonensis to elevated pH conditions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1044464. [PMID: 36504786 PMCID: PMC9732472 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1044464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by the toxin-producing cyanobacteria Microcystis spp., can increase water column pH. While the effect(s) of these basified conditions on the bloom formers are a high research priority, how these pH shifts affect other biota remains understudied. Recently, it was shown these high pH levels decrease growth and Si deposition rates in the freshwater diatom Fragilaria crotonensis and natural Lake Erie (Canada-US) diatom populations. However, the physiological mechanisms and transcriptional responses of diatoms associated with these observations remain to be documented. Here, we examined F. crotonensis with a set of morphological, physiological, and transcriptomic tools to identify cellular responses to high pH. We suggest 2 potential mechanisms that may contribute to morphological and physiological pH effects observed in F. crotonensis. Moreover, we identified a significant upregulation of mobile genetic elements in the F. crotonensis genome which appear to be an extreme transcriptional response to this abiotic stress to enhance cellular evolution rates-a process we have termed "genomic roulette." We discuss the ecological and biogeochemical effects high pH conditions impose on fresh waters and suggest a means by which freshwater diatoms such as F. crotonensis may evade high pH stress to survive in a "basified" future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J. Niknejad
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Gwendolyn F. Stark
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Alexander R. Truchon
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Robbie M. Martin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Karen L. Rossignol
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, United States
| | - Hans W. Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC, United States
| | - Steven W. Wilhelm
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
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16
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Bru P, Steen CJ, Park S, Amstutz CL, Sylak-Glassman EJ, Lam L, Fekete A, Mueller MJ, Longoni F, Fleming GR, Niyogi KK, Malnoë A. The major trimeric antenna complexes serve as a site for qH-energy dissipation in plants. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102519. [PMID: 36152752 PMCID: PMC9615032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants and algae are faced with a conundrum: harvesting sufficient light to drive their metabolic needs while dissipating light in excess to prevent photodamage, a process known as nonphotochemical quenching. A slowly relaxing form of energy dissipation, termed qH, is critical for plants’ survival under abiotic stress; however, qH location in the photosynthetic membrane is unresolved. Here, we tested whether we could isolate subcomplexes from plants in which qH was induced that would remain in an energy-dissipative state. Interestingly, we found that chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence lifetimes were decreased by qH in isolated major trimeric antenna complexes, indicating that they serve as a site for qH-energy dissipation and providing a natively quenched complex with physiological relevance to natural conditions. Next, we monitored the changes in thylakoid pigment, protein, and lipid contents of antenna with active or inactive qH but did not detect any evident differences. Finally, we investigated whether specific subunits of the major antenna complexes were required for qH but found that qH was insensitive to trimer composition. Because we previously observed that qH can occur in the absence of specific xanthophylls, and no evident changes in pigments, proteins, or lipids were detected, we tentatively propose that the energy-dissipative state reported here may stem from Chl–Chl excitonic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierrick Bru
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Collin J Steen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (formerly Physical Biosciences Division), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Soomin Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (formerly Physical Biosciences Division), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; School of Energy, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Korea University of Technology and Education, Cheonan, Chungnam 31253, Republic of Korea
| | - Cynthia L Amstutz
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Emily J Sylak-Glassman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (formerly Physical Biosciences Division), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Lam Lam
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (formerly Physical Biosciences Division), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Agnes Fekete
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Fiamma Longoni
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Graham R Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (formerly Physical Biosciences Division), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Kavli Energy Nanoscience Institute, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Krishna K Niyogi
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division (formerly Physical Biosciences Division), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Alizée Malnoë
- Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
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17
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Wang Z, Liu M, Yao M, Zhang X, Qu C, Du H, Lu K, Li J, Wei L, Liang Y. Rapeseed ( Brassica napus) Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 Enhances Shading Tolerance by Regulating the Photosynthesis Capability of Photosystem II. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:902989. [PMID: 35720537 PMCID: PMC9201689 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is the third-largest source of vegetable oil in the world with an edible, medicinal, and ornamental value. However, insufficient light or high planting density directly affects its growth, development, yield, and quality. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are serine/threonine protein kinases that play key roles in regulating the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. In this study, we found that the promoter of BnaMAPK1 contained several light-responsive elements (including the AT1-motif, G-Box, and TCT-motif), consistent with its shading stress-induced upregulation. Compared with the wild type under shading stress, BnaMAPK1-overexpressing plants showed higher light capture efficiency and carbon assimilation capacity, enhancing their shading tolerance. Using RNA sequencing, we systematically investigated the function of BnaMAPK1 in shading stress on photosynthetic structure, Calvin cycle, and light-driven electron transport. Notably, numerous genes encoding light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins (BnaLHCBs) in photosystem II-light-harvesting complex (LHC) II supercomplex were significantly downregulated in the BnaMAPK1-overexpressing lines relative to the wild type under shading stress. Combining RNA sequencing and yeast library screening, a candidate interaction partner of BnaMAPK1 regulating in shading stress, BnaLHCB3, was obtained. Moreover, yeast two-hybrid and split-luciferase complementation assays confirmed the physical interaction relationship between BnaLHCB3 and BnaMAPK1, suggesting that BnaMAPK1 may involve in stabilizing the photosystem II-LHC II supercomplex. Taken together, our results demonstrate that BnaMAPK1 positively regulates photosynthesis capability to respond to shading stress in rapeseed, possibly by controlling antenna proteins complex in photosystem II, and could provide valuable information for further breeding for rapeseed stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Miao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mengnan Yao
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cunmin Qu
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Hai Du
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Lu
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiana Li
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
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18
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Kale RS, Seep JL, Sallans L, Frankel LK, Bricker TM. Oxidative modification of LHC II associated with photosystem II and PS I-LHC I-LHC II membranes. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 152:261-274. [PMID: 35179681 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00902-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Under aerobic conditions the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) by electron transport chains is unavoidable, and occurs in both autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms. In photosynthetic organisms both Photosystem II (PS II) and Photosystem I (PS I), in addition to the cytochrome b6/f complex, are demonstrated sources of ROS. All of these membrane protein complexes exhibit oxidative damage when isolated from field-grown plant material. An additional possible source of ROS in PS I and PS II is the distal, chlorophyll-containing light-harvesting array LHC II, which is present in both photosystems. These serve as possible sources of 1O2 produced by the interaction of 3O2 with 3chl* produced by intersystem crossing. We have hypothesized that amino acid residues close to the sites of ROS generation will be more susceptible to oxidative modification than distant residues. In this study, we have identified oxidized amino acid residues in a subset of the spinach LHC II proteins (Lhcb1 and Lhcb2) that were associated with either PS II membranes (i.e. BBYs) or PS I-LHC I-LHC II membranes, both of which were isolated from field-grown spinach. We identified oxidatively modified residues by high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Interestingly, two different patterns of oxidative modification were evident for the Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 proteins from these different sources. In the LHC II associated with PS II membranes, oxidized residues were identified to be located on the stromal surface of Lhcb1 and, to a much lesser extent, Lhcb2. Relatively few oxidized residues were identified as buried in the hydrophobic core of these proteins. The LHC II associated with PS I-LHC I-LHC II membranes, however, exhibited fewer surface-oxidized residues but, rather a large number of oxidative modifications buried in the hydrophobic core regions of both Lhcb1 and Lhcb2, adjacent to the chlorophyll prosthetic groups. These results appear to indicate that ROS, specifically 1O2, can modify the Lhcb proteins associated with both photosystems and that the LHC II associated with PS II membranes represent a different population from the LHC II associated with PS I-LHC I-LHC II membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra S Kale
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Jacob L Seep
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Larry Sallans
- The Rieveschl Laboratories for Mass Spectrometry, Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Laurie K Frankel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Terry M Bricker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.
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19
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Sattari Vayghan H, Nawrocki WJ, Schiphorst C, Tolleter D, Hu C, Douet V, Glauser G, Finazzi G, Croce R, Wientjes E, Longoni F. Photosynthetic Light Harvesting and Thylakoid Organization in a CRISPR/Cas9 Arabidopsis Thaliana LHCB1 Knockout Mutant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:833032. [PMID: 35330875 PMCID: PMC8940271 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.833032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Light absorbed by chlorophylls of Photosystems II and I drives oxygenic photosynthesis. Light-harvesting complexes increase the absorption cross-section of these photosystems. Furthermore, these complexes play a central role in photoprotection by dissipating the excess of absorbed light energy in an inducible and regulated fashion. In higher plants, the main light-harvesting complex is trimeric LHCII. In this work, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knockout the five genes encoding LHCB1, which is the major component of LHCII. In absence of LHCB1, the accumulation of the other LHCII isoforms was only slightly increased, thereby resulting in chlorophyll loss, leading to a pale green phenotype and growth delay. The Photosystem II absorption cross-section was smaller, while the Photosystem I absorption cross-section was unaffected. This altered the chlorophyll repartition between the two photosystems, favoring Photosystem I excitation. The equilibrium of the photosynthetic electron transport was partially maintained by lower Photosystem I over Photosystem II reaction center ratio and by the dephosphorylation of LHCII and Photosystem II. Loss of LHCB1 altered the thylakoid structure, with less membrane layers per grana stack and reduced grana width. Stable LHCB1 knockout lines allow characterizing the role of this protein in light harvesting and acclimation and pave the way for future in vivo mutational analyses of LHCII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Sattari Vayghan
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Wojciech J. Nawrocki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christo Schiphorst
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Dimitri Tolleter
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Véronique Douet
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Gaëtan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, IRIG, LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Emilie Wientjes
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fiamma Longoni
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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Structure of the stress-related LHCSR1 complex determined by an integrated computational strategy. Commun Biol 2022; 5:145. [PMID: 35177775 PMCID: PMC8854571 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03083-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) are pigment-protein complexes whose main function is to capture sunlight and transfer the energy to reaction centers of photosystems. In response to varying light conditions, LH complexes also play photoregulation and photoprotection roles. In algae and mosses, a sub-family of LHCs, light-harvesting complex stress-related (LHCSR), is responsible for photoprotective quenching. Despite their functional and evolutionary importance, no direct structural information on LHCSRs is available that can explain their unique properties. In this work, we propose a structural model of LHCSR1 from the moss P. patens, obtained through an integrated computational strategy that combines homology modeling, molecular dynamics, and multiscale quantum chemical calculations. The model is validated by reproducing the spectral properties of LHCSR1. Our model reveals the structural specificity of LHCSR1, as compared with the CP29 LH complex, and poses the basis for understanding photoprotective quenching in mosses. The structure of the moss P. patens light-harvesting complex stress-related 1 (LHCSR1) is determined using a multi-scale computational approach for investigations of its photoprotective function.
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21
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van den Berg TE, Croce R. The Loroxanthin Cycle: A New Type of Xanthophyll Cycle in Green Algae (Chlorophyta). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:797294. [PMID: 35251077 PMCID: PMC8891138 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.797294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Xanthophyll cycles (XC) have proven to be major contributors to photoacclimation for many organisms. This work describes a light-driven XC operating in the chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and involving the xanthophylls Lutein (L) and Loroxanthin (Lo). Pigments were quantified during a switch from high to low light (LL) and at different time points from cells grown in Day/Night cycle. Trimeric LHCII was purified from cells acclimated to high or LL and their pigment content and spectroscopic properties were characterized. The Lo/(L + Lo) ratio in the cells varies by a factor of 10 between cells grown in low or high light (HL) leading to a change in the Lo/(L + Lo) ratio in trimeric LHCII from .5 in low light to .07 in HL. Trimeric LhcbMs binding Loroxanthin have 5 ± 1% higher excitation energy (EE) transfer (EET) from carotenoid to Chlorophyll as well as higher thermo- and photostability than trimeric LhcbMs that only bind Lutein. The Loroxanthin cycle operates on long time scales (hours to days) and likely evolved as a shade adaptation. It has many similarities with the Lutein-epoxide - Lutein cycle (LLx) of plants.
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22
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Sheng X, Liu Z, Kim E, Minagawa J. Plant and Algal PSII-LHCII Supercomplexes: Structure, Evolution and Energy Transfer. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1108-1120. [PMID: 34038564 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the process conducted by plants and algae to capture photons and store their energy in chemical forms. The light-harvesting, excitation transfer, charge separation and electron transfer in photosystem II (PSII) are the critical initial reactions of photosynthesis and thereby largely determine its overall efficiency. In this review, we outline the rapidly accumulating knowledge about the architectures and assemblies of plant and green algal PSII-light harvesting complex II (LHCII) supercomplexes, with a particular focus on new insights provided by the recent high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy map of the supercomplexes from a green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We make pair-wise comparative analyses between the supercomplexes from plants and green algae to gain insights about the evolution of the PSII-LHCII supercomplexes involving the peripheral small PSII subunits that might have been acquired during the evolution and about the energy transfer pathways that define their light-harvesting and photoprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Sheng
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 15 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Eunchul Kim
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Jun Minagawa
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
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23
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Bag P. Light Harvesting in Fluctuating Environments: Evolution and Function of Antenna Proteins across Photosynthetic Lineage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1184. [PMID: 34200788 PMCID: PMC8230411 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the major natural process that can harvest and harness solar energy into chemical energy. Photosynthesis is performed by a vast number of organisms from single cellular bacteria to higher plants and to make the process efficient, all photosynthetic organisms possess a special type of pigment protein complex(es) that is (are) capable of trapping light energy, known as photosynthetic light-harvesting antennae. From an evolutionary point of view, simpler (unicellular) organisms typically have a simple antenna, whereas higher plants possess complex antenna systems. The higher complexity of the antenna systems provides efficient fine tuning of photosynthesis. This relationship between the complexity of the antenna and the increasing complexity of the organism is mainly related to the remarkable acclimation capability of complex organisms under fluctuating environmental conditions. These antenna complexes not only harvest light, but also provide photoprotection under fluctuating light conditions. In this review, the evolution, structure, and function of different antenna complexes, from single cellular organisms to higher plants, are discussed in the context of the ability to acclimate and adapt to cope under fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushan Bag
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, UPSC, Umeå University, 90736 Umeå, Sweden
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24
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Pivato M, Perozeni F, Licausi F, Cazzaniga S, Ballottari M. Heterologous expression of cyanobacterial Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP2) as a soluble carrier of ketocarotenoids in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. ALGAL RES 2021; 55:102255. [PMID: 33777686 PMCID: PMC7610433 DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms evolved different mechanisms to protect themselves from high irradiances and photodamage. In cyanobacteria, the photoactive Orange Carotenoid-binding Protein (OCP) acts both as a light sensor and quencher of excitation energy. It binds keto-carotenoids and, when photoactivated, interacts with phyco-bilisomes, thermally dissipating the excitation energy absorbed by the latter, and acting as efficient singlet oxygen quencher. Here, we report the heterologous expression of an OCP2 protein from the thermophilic cyanobacterium Fischerella thermalis (FtOCP2) in the model organism for green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Robust expression of FtOCP2 was obtained through a synthetic redesigning strategy for optimized expression of the transgene. FtOCP2 expression was achieved both in UV-mediated mutant 4 strain, previously selected for efficient transgene expression, and in a background strain previously engineered for constitutive expression of an endogenous β-carotene ketolase, normally poorly expressed in this species, resulting into astaxanthin and other ketocarotenoids accumulation. Recombinant FtOCP2 was successfully localized into the chloroplast. Upon purification it was possible to demonstrate the formation of holoproteins with different xanthophylls and keto-carotenoids bound, including astaxanthin. Moreover, isolated ketocarotenoid-binding FtOCP2 holoproteins conserved their photoconversion properties. Carotenoids bound to FtOCP2 were thus maintained in solution even in absence of organic solvent. The synthetic biology approach herein reported could thus be considered as a novel tool for improving the solubility of ketocarotenoids produced in green algae, by binding to water-soluble carotenoids binding proteins.
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25
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Microalgae with a truncated light-harvesting antenna to maximize photosynthetic efficiency and biomass productivity: Recent advances and current challenges. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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26
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Liu W, Yin T, Zhao Y, Wang X, Wang K, Shen Y, Ding Y, Tang S. Effects of High Temperature on Rice Grain Development and Quality Formation Based on Proteomics Comparative Analysis Under Field Warming. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:746180. [PMID: 34745178 PMCID: PMC8566943 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.746180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
With the intensification of global warming, rice production is facing new challenges. Field evidence indicates that elevated temperature during rice grain-filling leads to the further deterioration of grain quality. In order to clarify the potential regulatory mechanism of elevated temperature on the formation of rice quality, the DIA mass spectrometry method under the background of field warming was conducted to investigate the regulatory effects of high temperature on grain development and material accumulation pathways. The results showed that a total of 840 differentially expressed proteins were identified during the grain-filling process under elevated temperature. These differentially expressed proteins participated in carbon metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, signal transduction, protein synthesis, and alternately affected the material accumulation of rice grains. The significant up-regulation of PPROL 14E, PSB28, granule-bound starch synthase I, and the significant down-regulation of 26.7 kDa heat shock protein would lead to the component difference in grain starch and storage proteins, and that could be responsible for the degradation of rice quality under elevated temperature. Results suggested that proteins specifically expressed under elevated temperature could be the key candidates for elucidating the potential regulatory mechanism of warming on rice development and quality formation. In-depth study on the metabolism of storage compounds would be contributed in further proposing high-quality cultivation control measures suitable for climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Liu
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongyang Yin
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufei Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueqin Wang
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kailu Wang
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Shen
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Ding
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China
| | - She Tang
- College of Agronomy, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: She Tang
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27
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Perozeni F, Beghini G, Cazzaniga S, Ballottari M. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii LHCSR1 and LHCSR3 proteins involved in photoprotective non-photochemical quenching have different quenching efficiency and different carotenoid affinity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21957. [PMID: 33319824 PMCID: PMC7738518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78985-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic organisms considered as potential alternative sources for biomass, biofuels or high value products. However, their limited biomass productivity represents a bottleneck that needs to be overcome to meet the applicative potential of these organisms. One of the domestication targets for improving their productivity is the proper balance between photoprotection and light conversion for carbon fixation. In the model organism for green algae, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a photoprotective mechanism inducing thermal dissipation of absorbed light energy, called Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), is activated even at relatively low irradiances, resulting in reduced photosynthetic efficiency. Two pigment binding proteins, LHCSR1 and LHCSR3, were previously reported as the main actors during NPQ induction in C. reinhardtii. While previous work characterized in detail the functional properties of LHCSR3, few information is available for the LHCSR1 subunit. Here, we investigated in vitro the functional properties of LHCSR1 and LHCSR3 subunits: despite high sequence identity, the latter resulted as a stronger quencher compared to the former, explaining its predominant role observed in vivo. Pigment analysis, deconvolution of absorption spectra and structural models of LHCSR1 and LHCR3 suggest that different quenching efficiency is related to a different occupancy of L2 carotenoid binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Perozeni
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Beghini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Cazzaniga
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Ballottari
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy.
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28
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Li L, Li F, Wang Y, Yang C, Lu C, Liu C, Sun R. An innovative artificial photosystem II constructed from PSII core of Thermosynechococcus vulcanus and LHCII of Pisum sativum - A new approach for studying the function of photosynthetic antenna. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:160-170. [PMID: 32563040 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In photosynthesis, the antenna system captures solar energy and transfers the excitations to photosystem II (PSII) core complex where charge separation, water splitting and oxygen evolution occur. In the evolution of photosynthesis from aquatic to terrestrial environments, the structure of PSII core complex was highly conserved while a variety of antenna forms became differentiated. In order to study the principles for energy transport from antenna to the PSII reaction center, we have explored whether the major light harvesting complex of PSII (LHCII) of higher plants can transfer energy to the cyanobacteria PSII core complexes (CC). For this purpose, LHCII from pea and CC from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus were isolated and co-reconstituted into liposome at LHCII:CC molar ratios of 2:1, 4:1 and 6:1, respectively. Chemical-cross linking followed by LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the biochemical interaction between LHCII and CC in the liposome membrane. The analyses of 77 K fluorescence emission spectra and antenna cross section of PSII indicated that LHCII can transfer energy directly to the cyanobacterial CC. The study has laid the basis for further research on the mechanism of energy transfer from LHCII to PSII CC. This result may also open a new possibility for design and development of new artificial PSII in the application of solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China; Qingdao Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technological Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Binhai Road 50, Qingdao, 264000, China.
| | - Congming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19A, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Ruixue Sun
- Qingdao Institute, Shanghai Institute of Technological Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Binhai Road 50, Qingdao, 264000, China.
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Genes encoding light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins in papaya (Carica papaya L.) and insight into lineage-specific evolution in Brassicaceae. Gene 2020; 748:144685. [PMID: 32334024 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding (Lhc) proteins comprise a plant-specific superfamily involved in photosynthesis and stress responses. Despite their importance, little is known in papaya (Carica papaya), an economically important tree fruit crop as well as a species close to the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This study reports a first genome-wide analysis of Lhc superfamily genes in papaya, and a total of 28 members that represent four defined families or 26 orthologous groups were identified from the papaya genome. The superfamily number is comparable to 28 or 27 reported in castor (Ricinus communis) and jatropha (Jatropha curcas), respectively, two Euphorbiaceous plants also without any recent whole-genome duplication (WGD), but relatively less than 35, 34, 32, 32, 37, 30 or 32 present in cassava (Manihot esculenta), arabidopsis, A. lyrata, A. halleri, Capsella rubella, C. grandiflora, and Eutrema salsugineum, respectively, representative species having experienced one or two recent WGDs. Local duplication was shown to play a predominant role in gene expansion in papaya, castor, and jatropha, which is only confined to the Lhcb1 group. By contrast, WGD plays a relatively more important role in cassava, arabidopsis, and other Brassicaceous plants. Further comparison of Brassicaceous plants revealed that loss of the SEP6 group in arabidopsis is lineage-specific, occurring sometime after papaya-arabidopsis divergence but before the radiation of Brassicaceous plants. Transcriptional profiling revealed a leaf-preferential expression pattern of most CpLhc superfamily genes and their transcript levels were markedly regulated by three abiotic stresses, i.e., mimicking drought, cold, and high salt. These findings not only facilitate further functional studies in papaya, but also improve our knowledge on lineage-specific evolution of this special gene superfamily in Brassicaceae.
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30
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Sláma V, Cupellini L, Mennucci B. Exciton properties and optical spectra of light harvesting complex II from a fully atomistic description. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:16783-16795. [PMID: 32662461 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02492a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We present a fully atomistic simulation of linear optical spectra (absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism) of the Light Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) trimer using a hybrid approach, which couples a quantum chemical description of the chlorophylls with a classical model for the protein and the external environment (membrane and water). The classical model uses a polarizable Molecular Mechanics force field, thus allowing mutual polarization effects in the calculations of the excitonic properties. The investigation is performed both on the crystal structure and on structures generated by a μs long classical molecular dynamics simulation of the complex within a solvated membrane. The results show that this integrated approach not only provides a good description of the excitonic properties and optical spectra without the need for additional refinements of the excitonic parameters, but it also allows an atomistic investigation of the relative importance of electronic, structural and environment effects in determining the optical spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Sláma
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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31
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Che Y, Kusama S, Matsui S, Suorsa M, Nakano T, Aro EM, Ifuku K. Arabidopsis PsbP-Like Protein 1 Facilitates the Assembly of the Photosystem II Supercomplexes and Optimizes Plant Fitness under Fluctuating Light. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1168-1180. [PMID: 32277833 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In green plants, photosystem II (PSII) forms multisubunit supercomplexes (SCs) containing a dimeric core and light-harvesting complexes (LHCs). In this study, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana PsbP-like protein 1 (PPL1) is involved in the assembly of the PSII SCs and is required for adaptation to changing light intensity. PPL1 is a homolog of PsbP protein that optimizes the water-oxidizing reaction of PSII in green plants and is required for the efficient repair of photodamaged PSII; however, its exact function has been unknown. PPL1 was enriched in stroma lamellae and grana margins and associated with PSII subcomplexes including PSII monomers and PSII dimers, and several LHCII assemblies, while PPL1 was not detected in PSII-LHCII SCs. In a PPL1 null mutant (ppl1-2), assembly of CP43, PsbR and PsbW was affected, resulting in a reduced accumulation of PSII SCs even under moderate light intensity. This caused the abnormal association of LHCII in ppl1-2, as indicated by lower maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and accelerated State 1 to State 2 transitions. These differences would lower the capability of plants to adapt to changing light environments, thereby leading to reduced growth under natural fluctuating light environments. Phylogenetic and structural analyses suggest that PPL1 is closely related to its cyanobacterial homolog CyanoP, which functions as an assembly factor in the early stage of PSII biogenesis. Our results suggest that PPL1 has a similar function, but the data also indicate that it could aid the association of LHCII with PSII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Che
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shoko Kusama
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shintaro Matsui
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Marjaana Suorsa
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Takeshi Nakano
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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32
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Assembly of eukaryotic photosystem II with diverse light-harvesting antennas. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2020; 63:49-57. [PMID: 32389895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) catalyzes the light-driven oxygen-evolving reaction via its catalytic core and peripheral light-harvesting antennas. Oxyphototrophs have evolved diverse antenna systems, enabling them to adapt to different habitats. Recently, high-resolution structures of PSII-antenna supercomplexes from the green lineage (higher plants and green algae) and the red lineage (diatoms) were solved. The antenna complexes from the two lineages share similar protein folding, but differ in terms of the oligomeric states, pigment composition, and assembly patterns with the core. These differences result in distinct pigment-protein networks in PSII from different organisms. We herein summarize the similarities and differences in these structures and outline the molecular basis of the assembly, energy transfer, and regulation of the eukaryotic PSII-antenna supercomplexes.
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33
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Cassuriaga APA, Moraes L, Morais MG, Costa JAV. Polyhydroxybutyrate production and increased macromolecule content in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultivated with xylose and reduced nitrogen levels. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:875-883. [PMID: 32387355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the production of macromolecules such as polyhydroxybutyrate under pentose supplementation and reduced nitrogen levels in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Two batches of experiments were carried out: (1) reduction in the nitrogen (NH4Cl) concentration to 6 and 4 g L-1 and (2) supplementation of 10, 20 and 30 mg L-1 D-xylose together with a reduction in the NH4Cl concentration (6 and 4 g L-1). The addition of 20 mg L-1 D-xylose together with 6 g L-1 NH4Cl resulted in polyhydroxybutyrate production (206.0 mg L-1). The reduction of 8 to 6 g L-1 NH4Cl did not trigger a reduction in the production of either proteins (68.3% w w-1) or carbohydrates (23.3% w w-1) in the cells. The current study demonstrated that nutritional modifications, which until now have been unexplored in C. reinhardtii, triggered the production of macromolecules (polymers, carbohydrates and proteins) with high biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Aguiar Cassuriaga
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiza Moraes
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Michele Greque Morais
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biochemistry, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa
- Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
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Bielczynski LW, Schansker G, Croce R. Consequences of the reduction of the Photosystem II antenna size on the light acclimation capacity of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:866-879. [PMID: 31834625 PMCID: PMC7154682 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In several systems, from plant's canopy to algal bioreactors, the decrease of the antenna size has been proposed as a strategy to increase the photosynthetic efficiency. However, still little is known about possible secondary effects of such modifications. This is particularly relevant because the modulation of the antenna size is one of the most important light acclimation responses in photosynthetic organisms. In our study, we used an Arabidopsis thaliana mutant (dLhcb2), which has a 60% decrease of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2, the two main components of the major Photosystem II antenna complex. We show that the mutant maintains the photosynthetic and photoprotective capacity of the Wild Type (WT) and adapts to different light conditions by remodelling its photosynthetic apparatus, but the regulatory mechanism differs from that of the WT. Surprisingly, it does not compensate for the decreased light-harvesting capacity by increasing other pigment-protein complexes. Instead, it lowers the ratio of the cytochrome b6 f and ATP synthase to the photosystems, regulating linear electron flow and maintaining the photosynthetic control at the level of these complexes as in the WT. We show that targeting the reduction of two specific antenna proteins, Lhcb1 and Lhcb2, represents a viable solution to obtain plants with a truncated antenna size, which still maintain the capacity to acclimate to different light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludwik W. Bielczynski
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis/Energy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics and AstronomyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gert Schansker
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis/Energy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics and AstronomyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Roberta Croce
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis/Energy, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics and AstronomyVU University AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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How paired PSII-LHCII supercomplexes mediate the stacking of plant thylakoid membranes unveiled by structural mass-spectrometry. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1361. [PMID: 32170184 PMCID: PMC7069969 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15184-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Grana are a characteristic feature of higher plants’ thylakoid membranes, consisting of stacks of appressed membranes enriched in Photosystem II (PSII) and associated light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) proteins, together forming the PSII-LHCII supercomplex. Grana stacks undergo light-dependent structural changes, mainly by reorganizing the supramolecular structure of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes. LHCII is vital for grana formation, in which also PSII-LHCII supercomplexes are involved. By combining top-down and crosslinking mass spectrometry we uncover the spatial organization of paired PSII-LHCII supercomplexes within thylakoid membranes. The resulting model highlights a basic molecular mechanism whereby plants maintain grana stacking at changing light conditions. This mechanism relies on interactions between stroma-exposed N-terminal loops of LHCII trimers and Lhcb4 subunits facing each other in adjacent membranes. The combination of light-dependent LHCII N-terminal trimming and extensive N-terminal α-acetylation likely affects interactions between pairs of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes across the stromal gap, ultimately mediating membrane folding in grana stacks. The supramolecular organization of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes determines the plant thylakoid structure. Here, via structural mass spectrometry, Albanese et al. show how stroma-exposed N-termini of LHCII subunits, interacting with each other in adjacent membranes, can mediate membrane folding in grana stacks.
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Mascoli V, Novoderezhkin V, Liguori N, Xu P, Croce R. Design principles of solar light harvesting in plants: Functional architecture of the monomeric antenna CP29. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cazzaniga S, Kim M, Bellamoli F, Jeong J, Lee S, Perozeni F, Pompa A, Jin E, Ballottari M. Photosystem II antenna complexes CP26 and CP29 are essential for nonphotochemical quenching in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:496-509. [PMID: 31724187 PMCID: PMC7004014 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Photosystems must balance between light harvesting to fuel the photosynthetic process for CO2 fixation and mitigating the risk of photodamage due to absorption of light energy in excess. Eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms evolved an array of pigment-binding proteins called light harvesting complexes constituting the external antenna system in the photosystems, where both light harvesting and activation of photoprotective mechanisms occur. In this work, the balancing role of CP29 and CP26 photosystem II antenna subunits was investigated in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii using CRISPR-Cas9 technology to obtain single and double mutants depleted of monomeric antennas. Absence of CP26 and CP29 impaired both photosynthetic efficiency and photoprotection: Excitation energy transfer from external antenna to reaction centre was reduced, and state transitions were completely impaired. Moreover, differently from higher plants, photosystem II monomeric antenna proteins resulted to be essential for photoprotective thermal dissipation of excitation energy by nonphotochemical quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minjae Kim
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | | | - Jooyoen Jeong
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sangmuk Lee
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
| | | | - Andrea Pompa
- Dipartimento di Scienze BiomolecolariUniversità degli Studi di UrbinoUrbinoItaly
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BiorisorseConsiglio Nazionale delle RicerchePerugiaItaly
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life ScienceHanyang UniversitySeoulSouth Korea
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Do Ru A, Çak Rlar H. Is leaf age a predictor for cold tolerance in winter oilseed rape plants? FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:250-262. [PMID: 32024581 DOI: 10.1071/fp19200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, low temperature-dependent physiological changes were investigated through photosynthetic activity and some endogenous mechanisms in two winter oilseed rape cultivars (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera cvv. Eurol and Hansen) on the basis of leaf age. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements demonstrated that low temperature caused decreased photosynthetic activity in both cultivars. However, photosynthetic apparatus in the young leaves of Hansen is more tolerant to low temperature as demonstrated by lower F0 (minimum fluorescence yield) and 1-qp (excitation pressure of photosystem II), higher Fm (maximum fluorescence yield), Fv/Fm and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) compared with Eurol. In addition, young leaves of Hansen represented marked increase in some antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR)) during cold exposure. In the young leaves of Eurol, however, APX and GR activity was decreased by low temperature, indicating lower efficiency of ascorbate-glutathione cycle. Lower antioxidant activity in the young leaves of Eurol may be responsible for increased malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 and membrane damage and decreased chlorophyll content as a result of oxidative damage during cold exposure. In the cold-stressed mature leaves, both cultivars represented similar antioxidant capacities and photosynthetic efficiency. As a consequence, coordinated increase in SOD, APX and GR activities, increased capacity to keep quinone A (QA) in an oxidised state (as indicated by lower 1-qp) and accumulation of soluble sugar and proline could be mainly attributed to higher level of tolerance of the young leaves of Hansen to low temperature when compared with Eurol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Do Ru
- Sakarya University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Esentepe, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey; and Corresponding author.
| | - Hüsnü Çak Rlar
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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Vecchi V, Barera S, Bassi R, Dall’Osto L. Potential and Challenges of Improving Photosynthesis in Algae. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9010067. [PMID: 31947868 PMCID: PMC7020468 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sunlight energy largely exceeds the energy required by anthropic activities, and therefore its exploitation represents a major target in the field of renewable energies. The interest in the mass cultivation of green microalgae has grown in the last decades, as algal biomass could be employed to cover a significant portion of global energy demand. Advantages of microalgal vs. plant biomass production include higher light-use efficiency, efficient carbon capture and the valorization of marginal lands and wastewaters. Realization of this potential requires a decrease of the current production costs, which can be obtained by increasing the productivity of the most common industrial strains, by the identification of factors limiting biomass yield, and by removing bottlenecks, namely through domestication strategies aimed to fill the gap between the theoretical and real productivity of algal cultures. In particular, the light-to-biomass conversion efficiency represents one of the major constraints for achieving a significant improvement of algal cell lines. This review outlines the molecular events of photosynthesis, which regulate the conversion of light into biomass, and discusses how these can be targeted to enhance productivity through mutagenesis, strain selection or genetic engineering. This review highlights the most recent results in the manipulation of the fundamental mechanisms of algal photosynthesis, which revealed that a significant yield enhancement is feasible. Moreover, metabolic engineering of microalgae, focused upon the development of renewable fuel biorefineries, has also drawn attention and resulted in efforts for enhancing productivity of oil or isoprenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luca Dall’Osto
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-8027806; Fax: +39-045-8027929
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Green BR. What Happened to the Phycobilisome? Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110748. [PMID: 31752285 PMCID: PMC6921069 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The phycobilisome (PBS) is the major light-harvesting complex of photosynthesis in cyanobacteria, red algae, and glaucophyte algae. In spite of the fact that it is very well structured to absorb light and transfer it efficiently to photosynthetic reaction centers, it has been completely lost in the green algae and plants. It is difficult to see how selection alone could account for such a major loss. An alternative scenario takes into account the role of chance, enabled by (contingent on) the evolution of an alternative antenna system early in the diversification of the three lineages from the first photosynthetic eukaryote.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverley R Green
- Botany Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6N 3T7, Canada
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41
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Wessendorf RL, Lu Y. Introducing an Arabidopsis thaliana Thylakoid Thiol/Disulfide-Modulating Protein Into Synechocystis Increases the Efficiency of Photosystem II Photochemistry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1284. [PMID: 31681379 PMCID: PMC6805722 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic species are subjected to a variety of environmental stresses, including suboptimal irradiance. In oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, a major effect of high light exposure is damage to the Photosystem II (PSII) reaction-center protein D1. This process even happens under low or moderate light. To cope with photodamage to D1, photosynthetic organisms evolved an intricate PSII repair and reassembly cycle, which requires the participation of different auxiliary proteins, including thiol/disulfide-modulating proteins. Most of these auxiliary proteins exist ubiquitously in oxygenic photosynthetic organisms. Due to differences in mobility and environmental conditions, land plants are subject to more extensive high light stress than algae and cyanobacteria. Therefore, land plants evolved additional thiol/disulfide-modulating proteins, such as Low Quantum Yield of PSII 1 (LQY1), to aid in the repair and reassembly cycle of PSII. In this study, we introduced an Arabidopsis thaliana homolog of LQY1 (AtLQY1) into the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 and performed a series of biochemical and physiological assays on AtLQY1-expressing Synechocystis. At a moderate growth light intensity (50 µmol photons m-2 s-1), AtLQY1-expressing Synechocystis was found to have significantly higher F v /F m , and lower nonphotochemical quenching and reactive oxygen species levels than the empty-vector control, which is opposite from the loss-of-function Atlqy1 mutant phenotype. Light response curve analysis of PSII operating efficiency and electron transport rate showed that AtLQY1-expressing Synechocystis also outperform the empty-vector control under higher light intensities. The increases in F v /F m , PSII operating efficiency, and PSII electron transport rate in AtLQY1-expressing Synechocystis under such growth conditions most likely come from an increased amount of PSII, because the level of D1 protein was found to be higher in AtLQY1-expressing Synechocystis. These results suggest that introducing AtLQY1 is beneficial to Synechocystis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, United States
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42
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On the interface of light-harvesting antenna complexes and reaction centers in oxygenic photosynthesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:148079. [PMID: 31518567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.148079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes (PPCs) accomplish light-energy capture and photochemistry in natural photosynthesis. In this review, we examine three pigment protein complexes in oxygenic photosynthesis: light-harvesting antenna complexes and two reaction centers: Photosystem II (PSII), and Photosystem I (PSI). Recent technological developments promise unprecedented insights into how these multi-component protein complexes are assembled into higher order structures and thereby execute their function. Furthermore, the interfacial domain between light-harvesting antenna complexes and PSII, especially the potential roles of the structural loops from CP29 and the PB-loop of ApcE in higher plant and cyanobacteria, respectively, are discussed. It is emphasized that the structural nuances are required for the structural dynamics and consequently for functional regulation in response to an ever-changing and challenging environment.
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43
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A streamlined and predominantly diploid genome in the tiny marine green alga Chloropicon primus. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4061. [PMID: 31492891 PMCID: PMC6731263 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiny marine green algae issued from two deep branches of the Chlorophyta, the Mamiellophyceae and Chloropicophyceae, dominate different regions of the oceans and play key roles in planktonic communities. Considering that the Mamiellophyceae is the sole lineage of prasinophyte algae that has been intensively investigated, the extent to which these two algal groups differ in their metabolic capacities and cellular processes is currently unknown. To address this gap of knowledge, we investigate here the nuclear genome sequence of a member of the Chloropicophyceae, Chloropicon primus. Among the main biological insights that emerge from this 17.4 Mb genome, we find an unexpected diploid structure for most chromosomes and a propionate detoxification pathway in green algae. Our results support the notion that separate events of genome minimization, which entailed differential losses of genes/pathways, have occurred in the Chloropicophyceae and Mamiellophyceae, suggesting different strategies of adaptation to oceanic environments.
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Nagao R, Kato K, Suzuki T, Ifuku K, Uchiyama I, Kashino Y, Dohmae N, Akimoto S, Shen JR, Miyazaki N, Akita F. Structural basis for energy harvesting and dissipation in a diatom PSII-FCPII supercomplex. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:890-901. [PMID: 31358960 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-harvesting antenna systems in photosynthetic organisms harvest solar energy and transfer it to the photosynthetic reaction centres to initiate charge-separation and electron-transfer reactions. Diatoms are one of the important groups of oxyphototrophs and possess fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (FCPs) as light harvesters. The organization and association pattern of FCP with the photosystem II (PSII) core are unknown. Here we solved the structure of PSII-FCPII supercomplexes isolated from a diatom, Chaetoceros gracilis, by single-particle cryoelectron microscopy. The PSII-FCPII forms a homodimer. In each monomer, two FCP homotetramers and three FCP monomers are associated with one PSII core. The structure reveals a highly complicated protein-pigment network that is different from the green-type light-harvesting apparatus. Comparing these two systems allows the identification of energy transfer and quenching pathways. These findings provide structural insights into not only excitation-energy transfer mechanisms in the diatom PSII-FCPII, but also changes of light harvesters between the red- and green-lineage oxyphototrophs during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nagao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ikuo Uchiyama
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kashino
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Seiji Akimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Naoyuki Miyazaki
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
- Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Fusamichi Akita
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, Saitama, Japan.
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45
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Peng X, Deng X, Tang X, Tan T, Zhang D, Liu B, Lin H. Involvement of Lhcb6 and Lhcb5 in Photosynthesis Regulation in Physcomitrella patens Response to Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153665. [PMID: 31357454 PMCID: PMC6695650 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a number of highly conserved photosystem II light-harvesting antenna proteins in moss whose functions are unclear. Here, we investigated the involvement of chlorophyll-binding proteins, Lhcb6 and Lhcb5, in light-harvesting and photosynthesis regulation in Physcomitrella patens. Lhcb6 or Lhcb5 knock-out resulted in a disordered thylakoid arrangement, a decrease in the number of grana membranes, and an increase in the number of starch granule. The absence of Lhcb6 or Lhcb5 did not noticeably alter the electron transport rates. However, the non-photochemical quenching activity in the lhcb5 mutant was dramatically reduced when compared to wild-type or lhcb6 plants under abiotic stress. Lhcb5 plants were more sensitive to photo-inhibition, while lhcb6 plants showed little difference compared to the wild-type plants under high-light stress. Moreover, both mutants showed a growth malformation phenotype with reduced chlorophyll content in the gametophyte. These results suggested that Lhcb6 or Lhcb5 played a unique role in plant development, thylakoid organization, and photoprotection of PSII in Physcomitrella, especially when exposed to high light or osmotic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingji Peng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingguang Deng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiaoya Tang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tinghong Tan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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46
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Niedzwiedzki DM, Wolf BM, Blankenship RE. Excitation energy transfer in the far-red absorbing violaxanthin/vaucheriaxanthin chlorophyll a complex from the eustigmatophyte alga FP5. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 140:337-354. [PMID: 30701484 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00615-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work highlights spectroscopic investigations on a new representative of photosynthetic antenna complexes in the LHC family, a putative violaxanthin/vaucheriaxanthin chlorophyll a (VCP) antenna complex from a freshwater Eustigmatophyte alga FP5. A representative VCP-like complex, named as VCP-B3 was studied with both static and time-resolved spectroscopies with the aim of obtaining a deeper understanding of excitation energy migration within the pigment array of the complex. Compared to other VCP representatives, the absorption spectrum of the VCP-B3 is strongly altered in the range of the chlorophyll a Qy band, and is substantially red-shifted with the longest wavelength absorption band at 707 nm at 77 K. VCP-B3 shows a moderate xanthophyll-to-chlorophyll a efficiency of excitation energy transfer in the 50-60% range, 20-30% lower from comparable VCP complexes from other organisms. Transient absorption studies accompanied by detailed data fitting and simulations support the idea that the xanthophylls that occupy the central part of the complex, complementary to luteins in the LHCII, are violaxanthins. Target analysis suggests that the primary route of xanthophyll-to-chlorophyll a energy transfer occurs via the xanthophyll S1 state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz M Niedzwiedzki
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering and Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Photosynthetic Antenna Research Center, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| | - Benjamin M Wolf
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Robert E Blankenship
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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Nama S, Madireddi SK, Yadav RM, Subramanyam R. Non-photochemical quenching-dependent acclimation and thylakoid organization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to high light stress. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 139:387-400. [PMID: 29982908 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0551-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Light is essential for all photosynthetic organisms while an excess of it can lead to damage mainly the photosystems of the thylakoid membrane. In this study, we have grown Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells in different intensities of high light to understand the photosynthetic process with reference to thylakoid membrane organization during its acclimation process. We observed, the cells acclimatized to long-term response to high light intensities of 500 and 1000 µmol m-2 s-1 with faster growth and more biomass production when compared to cells at 50 µmol m-2 s-1 light intensity. The ratio of Chl a/b was marginally decreased from the mid-log phase of growth at the high light intensity. Increased level of zeaxanthin and LHCSR3 expression was also found which is known to play a key role in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) mechanism for photoprotection. Changes in photosynthetic parameters were observed such as increased levels of NPQ, marginal change in electron transport rate, and many other changes which demonstrate that cells were acclimatized to high light which is an adaptive mechanism. Surprisingly, PSII core protein contents have marginally reduced when compared to peripherally arranged LHCII in high light-grown cells. Further, we also observed alterations in stromal subunits of PSI and low levels of PsaG, probably due to disruption of PSI assembly and also its association with LHCI. During the process of acclimation, changes in thylakoid organization occurred in high light intensities with reduction of PSII supercomplex formation. This change may be attributed to alteration of protein-pigment complexes which are in agreement with circular dichoism spectra of high light-acclimatized cells, where decrease in the magnitude of psi-type bands indicates changes in ordered arrays of PSII-LHCII supercomplexes. These results specify that acclimation to high light stress through NPQ mechanism by expression of LHCSR3 and also observed changes in thylakoid protein profile/supercomplex formation lead to low photochemical yield and more biomass production in high light condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srilatha Nama
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Sai Kiran Madireddi
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Ranay Mohan Yadav
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India.
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Lämmermann N, Schmid-Michels F, Weißmann A, Wobbe L, Hütten A, Kruse O. Extremely robust photocurrent generation of titanium dioxide photoanodes bio-sensitized with recombinant microalgal light-harvesting proteins. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2109. [PMID: 30765846 PMCID: PMC6376048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-dyes for light harvesting in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have the advantage of being environmentally-friendly, non-toxic alternatives, which can be produced in a sustainable fashion. Free photosynthetic pigments are unstable in the presence of light and oxygen, a situation which can hardly be avoided during the operation of DSSCs, especially in large-scale applications. We therefore investigated the recombinant light-harvesting protein LHCBM6, which naturally occurs in the photosynthetic apparatus of the green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as a bio-dye in DSSCs. Photocurrent densities of up to 0.87 and 0.94 mA·cm-2 were determined for the DSSCs and solar energy to electricity conversion efficiencies (η) reached about 0.3% (100 mW·cm-2; AM 1.5 G filter applied). Importantly, we observed an unprecedented stability of LHCII-based DSSCs within long DSSC operation times of at least 7 days in continuous light and show that operation times are restricted by electrolyte decomposition rather than reduced dye performance, as could be demonstrated by DSSC reactivation following re-supplementation with fresh electrolyte. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study analysing bio-dye sensitized DSSCs over such long periods, which revealed that during illumination an activation of the DSSCs occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Lämmermann
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Fabian Schmid-Michels
- Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Center for Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Aike Weißmann
- Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Center for Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lutz Wobbe
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas Hütten
- Bielefeld University, Department of Physics, Center for Spinelectronic Materials and Devices, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Olaf Kruse
- Bielefeld University, Faculty of Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Wang W, Yu LJ, Xu C, Tomizaki T, Zhao S, Umena Y, Chen X, Qin X, Xin Y, Suga M, Han G, Kuang T, Shen JR. Structural basis for blue-green light harvesting and energy dissipation in diatoms. Science 2019; 363:363/6427/eaav0365. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aav0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are abundant photosynthetic organisms in aquatic environments and contribute 40% of its primary productivity. An important factor that contributes to the success of diatoms is their fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (FCPs), which have exceptional light-harvesting and photoprotection capabilities. Here, we report the crystal structure of an FCP from the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, which reveals the binding of seven chlorophylls (Chls) a, two Chls c, seven fucoxanthins (Fxs), and probably one diadinoxanthin within the protein scaffold. Efficient energy transfer pathways can be found between Chl a and c, and each Fx is surrounded by Chls, enabling the energy transfer and quenching via Fx highly efficient. The structure provides a basis for elucidating the mechanisms of blue-green light harvesting, energy transfer, and dissipation in diatoms.
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Longoni P, Samol I, Goldschmidt-Clermont M. The Kinase STATE TRANSITION 8 Phosphorylates Light Harvesting Complex II and Contributes to Light Acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1156. [PMID: 31608094 PMCID: PMC6761601 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the light-harvesting complex II (LHCII) is a central trigger for the reorganization of the photosynthetic complexes in the thylakoid membrane during short-term light acclimation. The major kinase involved in LHCII phosphorylation is STATE TRANSITION 7 (STN7), and its activity is mostly counteracted by a thylakoid-associated phosphatase, PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 1/THYLAKOID ASSOCIATED PHOSPHATASE 38 (PPH1/TAP38). This kinase/phosphatase pair responds to the redox status of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. In Arabidopsis thaliana, Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 subunits of the LHCII trimers are the major targets of phosphorylation and have different roles in the acclimation of the photosynthetic machinery. Another antagonistic kinase and phosphatase pair, STATE TRANSITION 8 (STN8) and PHOTOSYSTEM II PHOSPHATASE (PBCP) target a different set of thylakoid proteins. Here, we analyzed double, triple, and quadruple knockout mutants of these kinases and phosphatases. In multiple mutants, lacking STN7, in combination with one or both phosphatases, but not STN8, the phosphorylation of LHCII was partially restored. The recovered phosphorylation favors Lhcb1 over Lhcb2 and results in a better adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus and increased plant growth under fluctuating light. This set of mutants allowed to unveil a contribution of STN8-dependent phosphorylation in the acclimation to rapid light variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Longoni
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Paolo Longoni,
| | - Iga Samol
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michel Goldschmidt-Clermont
- Department of Botany and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics of Geneva (iGE3), University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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