1
|
Valiño-Rivas L, Pintor-Chocano A, Carriazo SM, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. Loss of NLRP6 increases the severity of kidney fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38934623 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
While NLRP3 contributes to kidney fibrosis, the function of most NOD-like receptors (NLRs) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unexplored. To identify further NLR members involved in the pathogenesis of CKD, we searched for NLR genes expressed by normal kidneys and differentially expressed in human CKD transcriptomics databases. For NLRP6, lower kidney expression correlated with decreasing glomerular filtration rate. The role and molecular mechanisms of Nlrp6 in kidney fibrosis were explored in wild-type and Nlrp6-deficient mice and cell cultures. Data mining of single-cell transcriptomics databases identified proximal tubular cells as the main site of Nlrp6 expression in normal human kidneys and tubular cell Nlrp6 was lost in CKD. We confirmed kidney Nlrp6 downregulation following murine unilateral ureteral obstruction. Nlrp6-deficient mice had higher kidney p38 MAPK activation and more severe kidney inflammation and fibrosis. Similar results were obtained in adenine-induced kidney fibrosis. Mechanistically, profibrotic cytokines transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and TWEAK decreased Nlrp6 expression in cultured tubular cells, and Nlrp6 downregulation resulted in increased TGF-β1 and CTGF expression through p38 MAPK activation, as well as in downregulation of the antifibrotic factor Klotho, suggesting that loss of Nlrp6 promotes maladaptive tubular cell responses. The pattern of gene expression following Nlrp6 targeting in cultured proximal tubular cells was consistent with maladaptive transitions for proximal tubular cells described in single-cell transcriptomics datasets. In conclusion, endogenous constitutive Nlrp6 dampens sterile kidney inflammation and fibrosis. Loss of Nlrp6 expression by tubular cells may contribute to CKD progression.
Collapse
Grants
- Sociedad Española de Nefrología, Comunidad de Madrid en Biomedicina P2022/BMD-7223, CIFRA_COR-CM and COST Action PERMEDIK CA21165, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). MDSN and ABS were supported by MICINN Ramon y Cajal program RYC2018-024461-I and RYC2019-026916-I respectively. IIS- Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Biobank, part of the Spanish Biobanks Platform (PT17/0015/0006)
- MICINN
- This work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)-FIS/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional FEDER grants (PI18/01366, PI21/00251, PI22/00050, PI22/00469), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Agencia Estatal de Investigación/Next Generation EU (CNS2022-135937), ERA- PerMed-JTC2022 (SPAREKID AC22/00027), RICORS program to RICORS2040 (RD21/0005/0001) funded by European Union - NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia (MRR) and SPACKDc PMP21/00109 FEDER
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Valiño-Rivas
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology and Hypertension Laboratory, FIIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology, RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Pintor-Chocano
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology and Hypertension Laboratory, FIIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology, RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sol M Carriazo
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology and Hypertension Laboratory, FIIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology, RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology and Hypertension Laboratory, FIIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology, RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology and Hypertension Laboratory, FIIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology, RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria D Sanchez-Niño
- Division of Nephrology, Nephrology and Hypertension Laboratory, FIIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Nephrology, RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stefania K, Ashok KK, Geena PV, Katarina P, Isak D. TMAO enhances TNF-α mediated fibrosis and release of inflammatory mediators from renal fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9070. [PMID: 38643262 PMCID: PMC11032383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite and TNF-α is proinflammatory cytokine, both known to be associated with renal inflammation, fibrosis and chronic kidney disease. However, today there are no data showing the combined effect of TMAO and TNF-α on renal fibrosis-and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TMAO can enhance the inflammatory and fibrotic effects of TNF-α on renal fibroblasts. We found that the combination of TNF-α and TMAO synergistically increased fibronectin release and total collagen production from renal fibroblasts. The combination of TMAO and TNF-α also promoted increased cell proliferation. Both renal proliferation and collagen production were mediated through Akt/mTOR/ERK signaling. We also found that TMAO enhanced TNF-α mediated renal inflammation by inducing the release of several cytokines (IL-6, LAP TGF-beta-1), chemokines (CXCL-6, MCP-3), inflammatory-and growth mediators (VEGFA, CD40, HGF) from renal fibroblasts. In conclusion, we showed that TMAO can enhance TNF-α mediated renal fibrosis and release of inflammatory mediators from renal fibroblasts in vitro. Our results can promote further research evaluating the combined effect of TMAO and inflammatory mediators on the development of kidney disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kapetanaki Stefania
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden.
- Nephrology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Solna, Sweden.
- Nephrology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kumawat Kumar Ashok
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Persson Katarina
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Demirel Isak
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yun QS, Bao YX, Jiang JB, Guo Q. Mechanisms of norcantharidin against renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:263-272. [PMID: 38472637 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00578-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (RTIF) is a common feature and inevitable consequence of all progressive chronic kidney diseases, leading to end-stage renal failure regardless of the initial cause. Although research over the past few decades has greatly improved our understanding of the pathophysiology of RTIF, until now there has been no specific treatment available that can halt the progression of RTIF. Norcantharidin (NCTD) is a demethylated analogue of cantharidin, a natural compound isolated from 1500 species of medicinal insect, the blister beetle (Mylabris phalerata Pallas), traditionally used for medicinal purposes. Many studies have found that NCTD can attenuate RTIF and has the potential to be an anti-RTIF drug. This article reviews the recent progress of NCTD in the treatment of RTIF, with emphasis on the pharmacological mechanism of NCTD against RTIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Su Yun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou and the 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 185 Juqian Street, Changzhou, 213003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Xin Bao
- Research Center for Medicine and Biology, Zunyi Medical University, 6 West Xuefu Road, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Jie-Bing Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 881 Yonghe Road, Nantong, 226001 , Jiangsu, China.
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guerrero-Hue M, Vallejo-Mudarra M, García-Caballero C, Córdoba-David GM, Palomino-Antolín A, Herencia C, Vendrell-Casana B, Rubio-Navarro A, Egido J, Blanco-Colio LM, Moreno JA. Tweak/Fn14 system is involved in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115925. [PMID: 38007933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhabdomyolysis is a severe clinical syndrome associated to acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). TWEAK/Fn14 signaling axis regulates renal inflammation and tubular cell death. However, the functional role of TWEAK/Fn14 in rhabdomyolysis remains unknown. METHODS Rhabdomyolysis was induced in wild-type, TWEAK- and Fn14-deficient mice or mice treated with TWEAK blocking antibody. Renal injury, inflammation, fibrosis and cell death were assessed. Additionally, we performed in vivo and in vitro studies to explore the possible signalling pathways involved in Fn14 regulation. FINDINGS Fn14 renal expression was increased in mice with rhabdomyolysis, correlating with decline of renal function. Mechanistically, myoglobin (Mb) induced Fn14 expression via ERK and p38 pathway, whereas Nrf2 activation diminished Mb-mediated Fn14 upregulation in cultured renal cells. TWEAK or Fn14 genetic depletion ameliorated rhabdomyolysis-associated loss of renal function, histological damage, tubular cell death, inflammation, and expression of both tubular and endothelial injury markers. Deficiency of TWEAK or Fn14 also decreased long-term renal inflammation and fibrosis in mice with rhabdomyolysis. Finally, pharmacological treatment with a blocking TWEAK antibody diminished the expression of acute renal injury markers and cell death and lessened residual kidney fibrosis and chronic inflammation in rhabdomyolysis. INTERPRETATION TWEAK/Fn14 axis participates in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis-AKI and subsequent AKI-CKD transition. Blockade of this signaling pathway may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for reducing rhabdomyolysis-mediated renal injury. FUNDING Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, ISCIII and Junta de Andalucía.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melania Guerrero-Hue
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mercedes Vallejo-Mudarra
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Caballero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Gina Marcela Córdoba-David
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Lab, Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra Palomino-Antolín
- Molecular Neuroinflammation and Neuronal Plasticity Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Departamento de Farmacología y Terapéutica, Facultad de Medicina, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herencia
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Lab, Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Vendrell-Casana
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alfonso Rubio-Navarro
- Laboratory of Advanced Therapies: Differentiation, Regeneration and Cancer (CTS-963). Center of Biomedical Research. University of Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain; Excellence Research Unit "Modeling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Lab, Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain; Centre of Biomedical Research in Network of Diabetes and Metabolic Disease Associated (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Miguel Blanco-Colio
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Research Lab, Fundación Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain; Centre of Biomedical Research in Network of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain; Centre of Biomedical Research in Network of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Siegmund D, Zaitseva O, Wajant H. Fn14 and TNFR2 as regulators of cytotoxic TNFR1 signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1267837. [PMID: 38020877 PMCID: PMC10657838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1267837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor 1 (TNFR1), TNFR2 and fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) belong to the TNF receptor superfamily (TNFRSF). From a structural point of view, TNFR1 is a prototypic death domain (DD)-containing receptor. In contrast to other prominent death receptors, such as CD95/Fas and the two TRAIL death receptors DR4 and DR5, however, liganded TNFR1 does not instruct the formation of a plasma membrane-associated death inducing signaling complex converting procaspase-8 into highly active mature heterotetrameric caspase-8 molecules. Instead, liganded TNFR1 recruits the DD-containing cytoplasmic signaling proteins TRADD and RIPK1 and empowers these proteins to trigger cell death signaling by cytosolic complexes after their release from the TNFR1 signaling complex. The activity and quality (apoptosis versus necroptosis) of TNF-induced cell death signaling is controlled by caspase-8, the caspase-8 regulatory FLIP proteins, TRAF2, RIPK1 and the RIPK1-ubiquitinating E3 ligases cIAP1 and cIAP2. TNFR2 and Fn14 efficiently recruit TRAF2 along with the TRAF2 binding partners cIAP1 and cIAP2 and can thereby limit the availability of these molecules for other TRAF2/cIAP1/2-utilizing proteins including TNFR1. Accordingly, at the cellular level engagement of TNFR2 or Fn14 inhibits TNFR1-induced RIPK1-mediated effects reaching from activation of the classical NFκB pathway to induction of apoptosis and necroptosis. In this review, we summarize the effects of TNFR2- and Fn14-mediated depletion of TRAF2 and the cIAP1/2 on TNFR1 signaling at the molecular level and discuss the consequences this has in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gu JJ, Deng CC, Feng QL, Liu J, Zhu DH, Cheng Q, Rong Z, Yang B. Relief of Extracellular Matrix Deposition Repression by Downregulation of IRF1-Mediated TWEAK/Fn14 Signaling in Keloids. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:1208-1219.e6. [PMID: 36716919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Keloids represent a fibrotic disorder characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). However, the mechanisms through which ECM deposition in keloids is regulated remain elusive. In this study, we found that the expression of both TWEAK and its cognate receptor Fn14 was significantly downregulated in keloids and that TWEAK/Fn14 signaling repressed the expression of ECM-related genes in keloid fibroblasts. The IRF1 gene was essential for this repression, and the TWEAK/Fn14 downstream transcription factor p65 directly bound to the promoter of the IRF1 gene and induced its expression. Furthermore, in patients with keloid, the expression of TWEAK and Fn14 was negatively correlated with that of ECM genes and positively correlated with that of IRF1. These observations indicate that relief of TWEAK/Fn14/IRF1-mediated ECM deposition repression contributes to keloid pathogenesis, and the identified mechanism and related molecules provide potential targets for keloid treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Gu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Deng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Lan Feng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ding-Heng Zhu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Cheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili Rong
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research (Ministry of Education), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Erichsen L, Thimm C, Wruck W, Kaierle D, Schless M, Huthmann L, Dimski T, Kindgen-Milles D, Brandenburger T, Adjaye J. Secreted Cytokines within the Urine of AKI Patients Modulate TP53 and SIRT1 Levels in a Human Podocyte Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098228. [PMID: 37175937 PMCID: PMC10179415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease with a poor clinical outcome. It is a common complication, with an incidence of 10-15% of patients admitted to hospital. This rate even increases for patients who are admitted to the intensive care unit, with an incidence of >50%. AKI is characterized by a rapid increase in serum creatinine, decrease in urine output, or both. The associated symptoms include feeling sick or being sick, diarrhoea, dehydration, decreased urine output (although occasionally the urine output remains normal), fluid retention causing swelling in the legs or ankles, shortness of breath, fatigue and nausea. However, sometimes acute kidney injury causes no signs or symptoms and is detected by lab tests. Therefore, the identification of cytokines for the early detection and diagnosis of AKI is highly desirable, as their application might enable the prevention of the progression from AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we analysed the secretome of the urine of an AKI patient cohort by employing a kidney-biomarker cytokine assay. Based on these results, we suggest ADIPOQ, EGF and SERPIN3A as potential cytokines that might be able to detect AKI as early as 24 h post-surgery. For the later stages, as common cytokines for the detection of AKI in both male and female patients, we suggest VEGF, SERPIN3A, TNFSF12, ANPEP, CXCL1, REN, CLU and PLAU. These cytokines in combination might present a robust strategy for identifying the development of AKI as early as 24 h or 72 h post-surgery. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of patient and healthy urine on human podocyte cells. We conclude that cytokines abundant in the urine of AKI patients trigger processes that are needed to repair the damaged nephron and activate TP53 and SIRT1 to maintain the balance between proliferation, angiogenesis, and cell cycle arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Erichsen
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Chantelle Thimm
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wasco Wruck
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniela Kaierle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manon Schless
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Huthmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Dimski
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Detlef Kindgen-Milles
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Timo Brandenburger
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - James Adjaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Zayed Centre for Research into Rare Diseases in Children (ZCR), EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London (UCL), 20 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1DZ, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sanz AB, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ramos AM, Ortiz A. Regulated cell death pathways in kidney disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:281-299. [PMID: 36959481 PMCID: PMC10035496 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of cell number that result from an imbalance between the death of parenchymal cells and the proliferation or recruitment of maladaptive cells contributes to the pathogenesis of kidney disease. Acute kidney injury can result from an acute loss of kidney epithelial cells. In chronic kidney disease, loss of kidney epithelial cells leads to glomerulosclerosis and tubular atrophy, whereas interstitial inflammation and fibrosis result from an excess of leukocytes and myofibroblasts. Other conditions, such as acquired cystic disease and kidney cancer, are characterized by excess numbers of cyst wall and malignant cells, respectively. Cell death modalities act to clear unwanted cells, but disproportionate responses can contribute to the detrimental loss of kidney cells. Indeed, pathways of regulated cell death - including apoptosis and necrosis - have emerged as central events in the pathogenesis of various kidney diseases that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention. Modes of regulated necrosis, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis may cause kidney injury directly or through the recruitment of immune cells and stimulation of inflammatory responses. Importantly, multiple layers of interconnections exist between different modalities of regulated cell death, including shared triggers, molecular components and protective mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana B Sanz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
- RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz UAM, Madrid, Spain.
- RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ruiz-Ortega M, Lamas S, Ortiz A. Antifibrotic Agents for the Management of CKD: A Review. Am J Kidney Dis 2022; 80:251-263. [PMID: 34999158 DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Kidney fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a potential therapeutic target. However, there are conceptual and practical challenges to directly targeting kidney fibrosis. Whether fibrosis is mainly a cause or a consequence of CKD progression has been disputed. It is unclear whether specifically targeting fibrosis is feasible in clinical practice because most drugs that decrease fibrosis in preclinical models target additional and often multiple pathogenic pathways (eg, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade). Moreover, tools to assess whole-kidney fibrosis in routine clinical practice are lacking. Pirfenidone, a drug used for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, is undergoing a phase 2 trial for kidney fibrosis. Other drugs in use or being tested for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (eg, nintedanib, PRM-151, epigallocatechin gallate) are also potential candidates to treat kidney fibrosis. Novel therapeutic approaches may include antagomirs (eg, lademirsen) or drugs targeting interleukin 11 or NKD2 (WNT signaling pathway inhibitor). Reversing the dysfunctional tubular cell metabolism that leads to kidney fibrosis offers additional therapeutic opportunities. However, any future drug targeting fibrosis of the kidneys should demonstrate added benefit to a standard of care that combines renin-angiotensin system with mineralocorticoid receptor (eg, finerenone) blockade or with sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Molecular and Cellular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid; Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid; Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain; Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Nephrology and Hypertension, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma Madrid; Red de Investigación Renal, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Magkrioti C, Antonopoulou G, Fanidis D, Pliaka V, Sakellaropoulos T, Alexopoulos LG, Ullmer C, Aidinis V. Lysophosphatidic Acid Is a Proinflammatory Stimulus of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137452. [PMID: 35806457 PMCID: PMC9267536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) refers to a spectrum of diseases defined by renal fibrosis, permanent alterations in kidney structure, and low glomerular-filtration rate. Prolonged epithelial-tubular damage involves a series of changes that eventually lead to CKD, highlighting the importance of tubular epithelial cells in this process. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid that signals mainly through its six cognate LPA receptors and is implicated in several chronic inflammatory pathological conditions. In this report, we have stimulated human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HKC-8) with LPA and 175 other possibly pathological stimuli, and simultaneously detected the levels of 27 intracellular phosphoproteins and 32 extracellular secreted molecules with multiplex ELISA. This quantification revealed a large amount of information concerning the signaling and the physiology of HKC-8 cells that can be extrapolated to other proximal tubular epithelial cells. LPA responses clustered with pro-inflammatory stimuli such as TNF and IL-1, promoting the phosphorylation of important inflammatory signaling hubs, including CREB1, ERK1, JUN, IκΒα, and MEK1, as well as the secretion of inflammatory factors of clinical relevance, including CCL2, CCL3, CXCL10, ICAM1, IL-6, and IL-8, most of them shown for the first time in proximal tubular epithelial cells. The identified LPA-induced signal-transduction pathways, which were pharmacologically validated, and the secretion of the inflammatory factors offer novel insights into the possible role of LPA in CKD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Magkrioti
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (G.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Georgia Antonopoulou
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (G.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Dionysios Fanidis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (G.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Vaia Pliaka
- ProtATonce Ltd., 15343 Athens, Greece; (V.P.); (T.S.); (L.G.A.)
| | | | - Leonidas G. Alexopoulos
- ProtATonce Ltd., 15343 Athens, Greece; (V.P.); (T.S.); (L.G.A.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Zografou, Greece
| | - Christoph Ullmer
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Vassilis Aidinis
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Sciences Research Center Alexander Fleming, 16672 Athens, Greece; (C.M.); (G.A.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Quiroga B, Ortiz A, Navarro-González JF, Santamaría R, de Sequera P, Díez J. From cardiorenal syndromes to cardionephrology: a reflection by nephrologists on renocardiac syndromes. Clin Kidney J 2022; 16:19-29. [PMID: 36726435 PMCID: PMC9871856 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndromes (CRS) are broadly defined as disorders of the heart and kidneys whereby acute or chronic dysfunction in one organ may induce acute or chronic dysfunction of the other. CRS are currently classified into five categories, mostly based on disease-initiating events and their acuity or chronicity. CRS types 3 and 4 (also called renocardiac syndromes) refer to acute and chronic kidney dysfunction resulting in acute and chronic heart dysfunction, respectively. The notion of renocardiac syndromes has broadened interest in kidney-heart interactions but uncertainty remains in the nephrological community's understanding of the clinical diversity, pathophysiological mechanisms and optimal management approaches of these syndromes. This triple challenge that renocardiac syndromes (and likely other cardiorenal syndromes) pose to the nephrologist can only be faced through a specific and demanding training plan to enhance his/her cardiological scientific knowledge and through an appropriate clinical environment to develop his/her cardiological clinical skills. The first must be the objective of the subspecialty of cardionephrology (or nephrocardiology) and the second must be the result of collaboration with cardiologists (and other specialists) in cardiorenal care units. This review will first consider various aspects of the challenges that renocardiac syndromes pose to nephrologists and, then, will discuss those aspects of cardionephrology and cardiorenal units that can facilitate an effective response to the challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan F Navarro-González
- RICORS2040, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Division of Nephrology and Research Unit, University Hospital Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, and University Institute of Biomedical Technologies, University of La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Rafael Santamaría
- RICORS2040, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain,Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Patricia de Sequera
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Infanta Leonor, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Valiño-Rivas L, Cuarental L, Ceballos MI, Pintor-Chocano A, Perez-Gomez MV, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. Growth differentiation factor-15 preserves Klotho expression in acute kidney injury and kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2022; 101:1200-1215. [PMID: 35337892 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) is a member of the GDF subfamily with potential kidney protective functions. Here, we explored the impact of GDF15 on the expression of the kidney protective factor Klotho in models of acute kidney injury and kidney fibrosis in mice. GDF15 was the most upregulated GDF family gene in experimental toxic acute kidney injury and in kidney fibrosis transcriptomics. GDF15 function was explored in toxic acute kidney injury in genetically modified mice and following treatment with GDF15. Gdf15-deficient mice developed more severe toxic acute kidney injury (folic acid or cisplatin) while GDF15 overexpression or GDF15 administration were protective. Kidney expression of Klotho was more severely depressed in Gdf15-deficient mice and was preserved by GDF15 overexpression or GDF15 treatment. Moreover, increased plasma calcitriol levels inversely correlated with kidney Klotho across models with diverse levels of GDF15 availability. Kidney fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction was more severe in Gdf15-deficient mice while GDF15 overexpression decreased kidney injury and preserved Klotho expression. GDF15 increased Klotho expression in vivo in healthy mice, in cultured tubular cells, and prevented Klotho downregulation by inflammatory factors in tubular cells by preventing transcription factor NF-ĸB activation. Thus, spontaneous increased kidney expression of endogenous GDF15 is not enough to prevent kidney injury, but further increments in GDF15 are kidney protecting and preserve expression of the kidney protective factor Klotho within the kidney in acute and chronic settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Valiño-Rivas
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leticia Cuarental
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria I Ceballos
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arancha Pintor-Chocano
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Vanessa Perez-Gomez
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension. IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid and REDINREN and FRIAT, Madrid, Spain; Department of Pharmacology, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Latt KZ, Heymann J, Jessee JH, Rosenberg AZ, Berthier CC, Arazi A, Eddy S, Yoshida T, Zhao Y, Chen V, Nelson GW, Cam M, Kumar P, Mehta M, Kelly MC, Kretzler M, Ray PE, Moxey-Mims M, Gorman GH, Lechner BL, Regunathan-Shenk R, Raj DS, Susztak K, Winkler CA, Kopp JB. Urine Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Reveals Inflammatory Signatures. Kidney Int Rep 2022; 7:289-304. [PMID: 35155868 PMCID: PMC8821042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Individuals with focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) typically undergo kidney biopsy only once, which limits the ability to characterize kidney cell gene expression over time. METHODS We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to explore disease-related molecular signatures in urine cells from subjects with FSGS. We collected 17 urine samples from 12 FSGS subjects and captured these as 23 urine cell samples. The inflammatory signatures from renal epithelial and immune cells were evaluated in bulk gene expression data sets of FSGS and minimal change disease (MCD) (The Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network [NEPTUNE] study) and an immune single-cell data set from lupus nephritis (Accelerating Medicines Partnership). RESULTS We identified immune cells, predominantly monocytes, and renal epithelial cells in the urine. Further analysis revealed 2 monocyte subtypes consistent with M1 and M2 monocytes. Shed podocytes in the urine had high expression of marker genes for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We selected the 16 most highly expressed genes from urine immune cells and 10 most highly expressed EMT genes from urine podocytes as immune signatures and EMT signatures, respectively. Using kidney biopsy transcriptomic data from NEPTUNE, we found that urine cell immune signature and EMT signature genes were more highly expressed in FSGS biopsies compared with MCD biopsies. CONCLUSION The identification of monocyte subsets and podocyte expression signatures in the urine samples of subjects with FSGS suggests that urine cell profiling might serve as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in nephrotic syndrome. Furthermore, this approach may aid in the development of novel biomarkers and identifying personalized therapies targeting particular molecular pathways in immune cells and podocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khun Zaw Latt
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jurgen Heymann
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph H. Jessee
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Avi Z. Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Celine C. Berthier
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Arnon Arazi
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Sean Eddy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yongmei Zhao
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Vicky Chen
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - George W. Nelson
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Margaret Cam
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Parimal Kumar
- Center for Cancer Research Sequencing Facility, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Monika Mehta
- Center for Cancer Research Sequencing Facility, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael C. Kelly
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Single-Cell Analysis Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - The Nephrotic Syndrome Study Network (NEPTUNE)
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Center for Cancer Research Sequencing Facility, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Single-Cell Analysis Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Section on Pediatric Nephrology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Basic Research Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - The Accelerating Medicines Partnership in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP RA/SLE) Consortium
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Advanced Biomedical and Computational Sciences, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Center for Cancer Research Sequencing Facility, Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Single-Cell Analysis Facility, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Division of Nephrology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Section on Pediatric Nephrology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Basic Research Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricio E. Ray
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Marva Moxey-Mims
- Division of Nephrology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Gregory H. Gorman
- Section on Pediatric Nephrology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Brent L. Lechner
- Section on Pediatric Nephrology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Renu Regunathan-Shenk
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Dominic S. Raj
- Division of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington DC, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Winkler
- Basic Research Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Preparation and Study of Folate Modified Albumin Targeting Microspheres. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:3968403. [PMID: 35126516 PMCID: PMC8816550 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3968403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, folate modified bovine serum albumin was successfully synthesized, while preparation of Nintedanib albumin microspheres (ND-FSA NPs) as a carrier was carried out via electrospinning technology. Folate modified albumin was used to enhance the targeting potential of the prepared microspheres. The prepared microspheres had spherical appearance and smooth outer surface. The diameters of microspheres (764.68 ± 88.46 nm) and zeta potential (- 18.38 ± 0.41 mV) were acceptable. The prepared ND-FSA NPs demonstrated a good degree of modification, wherein the modification rate was 28.1%. In vitro release was significantly increased in three different media (double deionized water-DDW, HCl-pH 1.2, and phosphate buffered solution containing 0.5% Tween 80). It is worth noting that incorporation of Nintedanib into folic acid modified albumin microspheres resulted in an enhanced uptake of the drug into MCF-7 breast cancer cells coupled with higher inhibition rate. Altogether, incorporation of Nintedanib into folate modified albumin microspheres is a new approach to improve water solubility and targeting effect of the drug.
Collapse
|
15
|
Froehlich JW, Scott Wang HH, Logvinenko T, Kostel S, DiMartino S, van Bokhoven A, Moses MA, Lee RS. "The Urinary Proteomic Profile Implicates Key Regulators for Urologic Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (UCPPS): A MAPP Research Network Study". Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 21:100176. [PMID: 34774759 PMCID: PMC8733275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) is a condition of unknown etiology characterized by pelvic pain and urinary frequency and/or urgency. As the proximal fluid of this syndrome, urine is an ideal candidate sample matrix for an unbiased study of UCPPS. In this study, a large, discovery-phase, TMT-based quantitative urinary proteomics analysis of 244 participants was performed. The participants included patients with UCPPS (n = 82), healthy controls (HC) (n = 94), and disparate chronic pain diseases, termed positive controls (PC) (n = 68). Using training and testing cohorts, we identified and validated a small and distinct set of proteins that distinguished UCPPS from HC (n = 9) and UCPPS from PC (n = 3). The validated UCPPS: HC proteins were predominantly extracellular matrix/extracellular matrix modifying or immunomodulatory/host defense in nature. Significantly varying proteins in the UCPPS: HC comparison were overrepresented by the members of several dysregulated biological processes including decreased immune cell migration, decreased development of epithelial tissue, and increased bleeding. Comparison with the PC cohort enabled the evaluation of UCPPS-specific upstream regulators, contrasting UCPPS with other conditions that cause chronic pain. Specific to UCPPS were alterations in the predicted signaling of several upstream regulators, including alpha-catenin, interleukin-6, epidermal growth factor, and transforming growth factor beta 1, among others. These findings advance our knowledge of the etiology of UCPPS and inform potential future clinical translation into a diagnostic panel for UCPPS. The proteomics of urinary chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) found altered pathways. Key changes among the extracellular matrix and inflammatory response proteins were found. Several of these pathways and proteins were exclusively altered in UCPPS. These findings may have diagnostic and/or therapeutic potential in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Froehlich
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hsin-Hsaio Scott Wang
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tanya Logvinenko
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Stephen Kostel
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | | | - Adrie van Bokhoven
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO
| | - Marsha A Moses
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Richard S Lee
- Department of Urology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Latt KZ, Heymann J, Yoshida T, Kopp JB. Glomerular Kidney Diseases in the Single-Cell Era. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:761996. [PMID: 34778322 PMCID: PMC8585743 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.761996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell technology have enabled investigation of genomic profiles and molecular crosstalk among individual cells obtained from tissues and biofluids at unprecedented resolution. Glomerular diseases, either primary or secondary to systemic diseases, often manifest elements of inflammation and of innate and adaptive immune responses. Application of single-cell methods have revealed cellular signatures of inflammation, cellular injury, and fibrosis. From these signatures, potential therapeutic targets can be inferred and in theory, this approach might facilitate identification of precision therapeutics for these diseases. Single-cell analyses of urine samples and skin lesions from patients with lupus nephritis and of urine samples from patients with diabetic nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis have presented potential novel approaches for the diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity. These single-cell approaches, in contrast to kidney biopsy, are non-invasive and could be repeated multiple times as needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khun Zaw Latt
- Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu Y, Wei HT, Jing HY, Tan XY, Zhou XT, Ma YR. Emerging role of TWEAK-Fn14 axis in lupus, a disease related to autoimmunity and fibrosis. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 25:21-26. [PMID: 34716660 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the severe clinical implications in SLE, and this was relates to fibrosis in the kidney. As an important marker in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been given much attention with respect to its role in regulating pro-inflammatory immune response. Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), the sole receptor for TWEAK, has been found expressed in different immune and non-immune cells. TWEAK binds to Fn14, and then regulates inflammatory components production via downstream signaling pathways. To date, dysregulated expression of TWEAK, Fn14 has been reported in SLE, LN patients, and in vivo, in vitro studies have discussed the significant role of TWEAK-Fn14 axis in SLE, LN pathogenesis, partly through mediating the fibrosis process. In this review, we will discuss the association of TWEAK-Fn14 axis in lupus. Understanding the relationship will better realize the potential for making TWEAK-Fn14 as a marker for the diseases, and will help to give many clues for targeting them in treatment of lupus in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Ting Wei
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao-Yue Jing
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Tan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue-Rong Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cordido A, Nuñez-Gonzalez L, Martinez-Moreno JM, Lamas-Gonzalez O, Rodriguez-Osorio L, Perez-Gomez MV, Martin-Sanchez D, Outeda P, Chiaravalli M, Watnick T, Boletta A, Diaz C, Carracedo A, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Garcia-Gonzalez MA. TWEAK Signaling Pathway Blockade Slows Cyst Growth and Disease Progression in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:1913-1932. [PMID: 34155062 PMCID: PMC8455272 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020071094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), cyst development and enlargement lead to ESKD. Macrophage recruitment and interstitial inflammation promote cyst growth. TWEAK is a TNF superfamily (TNFSF) cytokine that regulates inflammatory responses, cell proliferation, and cell death, and its receptor Fn14 (TNFRSF12a) is expressed in macrophage and nephron epithelia. METHODS To evaluate the role of the TWEAK signaling pathway in cystic disease, we evaluated Fn14 expression in human and in an orthologous murine model of ADPKD. We also explored the cystic response to TWEAK signaling pathway activation and inhibition by peritoneal injection. RESULTS Meta-analysis of published animal-model data of cystic disease reveals mRNA upregulation of several components of the TWEAK signaling pathway. We also observed that TWEAK and Fn14 were overexpressed in mouse ADPKD kidney cysts, and TWEAK was significantly high in urine and cystic fluid from patients with ADPKD. TWEAK administration induced cystogenesis and increased cystic growth, worsening the phenotype in a murine ADPKD model. Anti-TWEAK antibodies significantly slowed the progression of ADPKD, preserved renal function, and improved survival. Furthermore, the anti-TWEAK cystogenesis reduction is related to decreased cell proliferation-related MAPK signaling, decreased NF-κB pathway activation, a slight reduction of fibrosis and apoptosis, and an indirect decrease in macrophage recruitment. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies the TWEAK signaling pathway as a new disease mechanism involved in cystogenesis and cystic growth and may lead to a new therapeutic approach in ADPKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Cordido
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Nuñez-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio M. Martinez-Moreno
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Olaya Lamas-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura Rodriguez-Osorio
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Vanessa Perez-Gomez
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Martin-Sanchez
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Outeda
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marco Chiaravalli
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Molecular Basis of Cystic Kidney Disorders Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS)–San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Terry Watnick
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Candido Diaz
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Nephrology Service, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Center in Network of Rare Diseases (CIBERER), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana B. Sanz
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Jiménez Díaz Foundation (Health Research Institute and Autonomous University of Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Gonzalez
- Group of Genetics and Developmental Biology of Renal Diseases, Nephrology Laboratory (N°11), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,Genomic Medicine Group, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain,RedInRen RETIC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain,Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine, Santiago de Compostela Clinical Hospital Complex (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Luo M, Liu M, Liu W, Cui X, Zhai S, Gu H, Wang H, Wu K, Zhang W, Li K, Xia Y. Inhibition of fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 attenuates experimental tubulointerstitial fibrosis and profibrotic factor expression of proximal tubular epithelial cells. Inflamm Res 2021; 70:553-568. [PMID: 33755760 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM As a proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) participates in the progression of renal fibrosis by binding to its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14). However, the effect of Fn14 inhibition on tubular epithelial cell-mediated tubulointerstitial fibrosis remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of TWEAK/Fn14 interaction in the development of experimental tubulointerstitial fibrosis as well as the protective effect of Fn14 knockdown on proximal tubular epithelial cells. METHODS A murine model of unilateral ureteral obstruction was constructed in both wild-type and Fn14-deficient BALB/c mice, followed by observation of the tubulointerstitial pathologies. RESULTS Fn14 deficiency ameliorated the pathological changes, including inflammatory cell infiltration and cell proliferation, accompanied by reduced production of profibrotic factors and extracellular matrix deposition. In vitro experiments showed that TWEAK dose-dependently enhanced the expression of collagen I, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin in proximal tubular epithelial cells. Interestingly, TWEAK also upregulated the expression levels of Notch1/Jagged1. Fn14 knockdown and Notch1/Jagged1 inhibition also mitigated the effect of TWEAK on these cells. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, TWEAK/Fn14 signals contributed to tubulointerstitial fibrosis by acting on proximal tubular epithelial cells. Fn14 inhibition might be a therapeutic strategy for protecting against renal interstitial fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Luo
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Siyue Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Hanjiang Gu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Huixia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Kunyi Wu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- College of Military Basic Education, Engineering University of PAP, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Li
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fuentes-Calvo I, Martinez-Salgado C. Sos1 Modulates Extracellular Matrix Synthesis, Proliferation, and Migration in Fibroblasts. Front Physiol 2021; 12:645044. [PMID: 33889087 PMCID: PMC8055938 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.645044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-reversible fibrosis is common in various diseases such as chronic renal failure, liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis, pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) is involved in virtually all types of fibrosis. We previously described the involvement of Ras GTPase isoforms in the regulation of TGF-β1-induced fibrosis. The guanine nucleotide exchange factor Son of Sevenless (Sos) is the main Ras activator, but the role of the ubiquitously expressed Sos1 in the development of fibrosis has not been studied. For this purpose, we isolated and cultured Sos1 knock-out (KO) mouse embryonic fibroblasts, the main extracellular matrix proteins (ECM)-producing cells, and we analyzed ECM synthesis, cell proliferation and migration in the absence of Sos1, as well as the role of the main Sos1-Ras effectors, Erk1/2 and Akt, in these processes. The absence of Sos1 increases collagen I expression (through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway), total collagen proteins, and slightly increases fibronectin expression; Sos1 regulates fibroblast proliferation through both PI3K-Akt and Raf-Erk pathways, and Sos1-PI3K-Akt signaling regulates fibroblast migration. These study shows that Sos1 regulates ECM synthesis and migration (through Ras-PI3K-Akt) and proliferation (through Ras-PI3K-Akt and Ras-Raf-Erk) in fibroblasts, and describe for the first time the role of the Sos1-Ras signaling axis in the regulation of cellular processes involved in the development of fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fuentes-Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)-REDINREN (ISCIII), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Carlos Martinez-Salgado
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD)-REDINREN (ISCIII), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xue L, Zhang Y, Xu J, Lu W, Wang Q, Fu J, Liu Z. Anti-TWEAK Antibody Alleviates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis by Increasing PGC-1α Expression in Lupus Nephritis. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:1173-1184. [PMID: 33814923 PMCID: PMC8009537 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s301356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Current studies on the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in lupus nephritis (LN) mainly focus on the inflammatory pathway. Herein, we aimed to determine whether TWEAK could promote the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis by regulating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression and intervening in lipid metabolism in LN. Materials and Methods MRL/lpr mice, an animal model of lupus, were treated with the anti-TWEAK antibody or co-treated with adeno-associated virus-mediated PGC-1α short hairpin RNA (shRNA). In addition, human proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2 cells) were treated with recombinant human TWEAK (rhTWEAK) or ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) in vitro. Results The renal contents of free fatty acids and triglycerides were higher in MRL/lpr mice than in MRL/MpJ mice; however, these contents were decreased by treatment with the anti-TWEAK antibody. Based on immunofluorescence staining, the expression of PGC-1α was markedly more in the renal tubules of MRL/MpJ mice than in the glomeruli. However, treatment with anti-TWEAK antibody increased the levels of PGC-1α and its downstream target genes, which were remarkably lower in MRL/lpr mice than in MRL/MpJ mice. Anti-TWEAK antibody effectively eased renal interstitial fibrosis, which manifested as a decrease in the deposition of collagen fibers and the inhibition of type I collagen and fibronectin expression. However, the therapeutic effects of the anti-TWEAK antibody were abolished by PGC-1α shRNA. Treatment with rhTWEAK decreased PGC-1α expression in both dose- and time-dependent manners in HK2 cells in vitro. PDTC, an inhibitor of IκBα phosphorylation, suppressed the decrease in the PGC-1α protein level induced by rhTWEAK treatment. Conclusion Our results suggest that TWEAK prevents renal tubular PGC-1α expression by promoting NF-κB activation, resulting in a deficiency in lipid metabolism and the progress of renal interstitial fibrosis. The upregulation of renal tubular PGC-1α expression to improve lipid metabolism is one of the mechanisms employed by the anti-TWEAK antibody to treat renal interstitial fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leixi Xue
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajun Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentian Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinxiang Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichun Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Poveda J, Vázquez-Sánchez S, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. TWEAK-Fn14 as a common pathway in the heart and the kidneys in cardiorenal syndrome. J Pathol 2021; 254:5-19. [PMID: 33512736 DOI: 10.1002/path.5631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a complex relationship between cardiac and renal disease, often referred to as the cardiorenal syndrome. Heart failure adversely affects kidney function, and both acute and chronic kidney disease are associated with structural and functional changes to the myocardium. The pathological mechanisms and contributing interactions that surround this relationship remain poorly understood, limiting the opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), are abundantly expressed in injured kidneys and heart. The TWEAK-Fn14 axis promotes responses that drive tissue injury such as inflammation, proliferation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, while restraining the expression of tissue protective factors such as the anti-aging factor Klotho and the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). High levels of TWEAK induce cardiac remodeling, and promote inflammation, tubular and podocyte injury and death, fibroblast proliferation, and, ultimately, renal fibrosis. Accordingly, targeting the TWEAK-Fn14 axis is protective in experimental kidney and heart disease. TWEAK has also emerged as a biomarker of kidney damage and cardiovascular outcomes and has been successfully targeted in clinical trials. In this review, we update our current knowledge of the roles of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in cardiovascular and kidney disease and its potential contribution to the cardiorenal syndrome. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vázquez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Research Institute - Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute - Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,School of Doctoral Studies and Research, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Essam M, Barakat N, Elkashef A, Awadalla A, Behery AE, Abdel-Maboud M. Functional and molecular evaluation of using aliskiren during acute and chronic partial ureteral obstruction in rat solitary kidney. Life Sci 2020; 265:118811. [PMID: 33259867 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To study the effect of direct renin inhibitor (aliskiren) on the renal function during acute and chronic partial ureteral obstruction (PUO) in rat solitary kidney. MAIN METHODS Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into three groups (20 rats each); sham, PUO and aliskiren groups. Right nephrectomy was performed in all groups. Rats in PUO and aliskiren groups were subjected to left PUO and received no treatment and aliskiren (10 mg/kg, orally, once per day till sacrification), respectively. Blood samples were then collected for biochemical measurements. Ten rats from each group were sacrificed after two weeks, while the remaining rats were sacrificed after four weeks. Left kidneys were harvested for histopathological examination, BCL-2, interleukin (IL)-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, collagen I and fibronectin relative gene expression and assessment of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) activity. KEY FINDINGS After two and four weeks of PUO, aliskiren significantly recompensed the rise of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Aliskiren also revealed significantly better histopathological results regarding cortical and medullary necrosis, regeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration. Aliskiren group showed statistically significant up-regulation of BCL-2 and down-regulation of IL-6, TGF-β1, collagen I and fibronectin relative gene expression. Aliskiren significantly increased GSH and SOD activity and reduced MDA and NO activity. Moreover, aliskiren administration for four weeks after PUO significantly yielded more renoprotective effect compared to its administration for two weeks. SIGNIFICANCE Aliskiren ameliorates the deterioration of the renal function during acute and chronic PUO in a solitary kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Essam
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Barakat
- Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elkashef
- Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Amira Awadalla
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - A E Behery
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Abdel-Maboud
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang Y, Zeng W, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 axis is an important player in fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3304-3316. [PMID: 33000480 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological condition associated with abnormal repair after tissue injury. However, the etiology and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis are still not well-understood. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) belongs to the TNF superfamily and acts by binding to its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), thereby activating a variety of intracellular signal transduction pathways in various types of cells. Besides promoting the expression of growth factors, activation of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling after tissue injury can promote the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which trigger the immune response, thereby exacerbating the injury. Severe or repetitive injury leads to a dysregulated tissue repair process, in which the TWEAK/Fn14 axis promotes the activation and proliferation of myofibroblasts, induces the secretion of the extracellular matrix, and regulates profibrotic mediators to further perpetuate and sustain the fibrotic process. In this review, we summarize the available experimental evidence on the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway mediates the development and progression of fibrosis. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic potential of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in fibrosis-associated diseases based on evidence derived from multiple models and cells from injured tissue and fibrotic tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weihui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Norcantharidin protects against renal interstitial fibrosis by suppressing TWEAK-mediated Smad3 phosphorylation. Life Sci 2020; 260:118488. [PMID: 32979359 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study investigated the role and mechanism of action of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in the pathogenesis of renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF), and its involvement in the anti-RIF effect of norcantharidin (NCTD). MAIN METHODS Mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction and BUMPT mouse proximal tubular cells exposed to transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 were used as in vivo and in vitro models of RIF, respectively. NCTD was administered to mice by intraperitoneal injection (0.075 mg kg-1·day-1). Hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to assess pathologic changes in the kidney. Immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time PCR were performed to evaluate the expression of TWEAK and the fibrotic factors fibronectin (FN) and collagen type I (Col-I). The role of TWEAK in RIF and in the anti-RIF effect of NCTD was evaluated by TWEAK overexpression and neutralization with a specific antibody, and specific inhibitor of Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)3 (SIS3) was used to examine the involvement of TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling. KEY FINDINGS TWEAK was mainly expressed in renal tubules in mice; the level was markedly elevated in both in vivo and in vitro RIF models. TWEAK overexpression in BUMPT cells increased the levels of phosphorylated Smad3, FN, and Col-I, which were reduced by treatment with SIS3. NCTD suppressed FN and Col-I expression by blocking TWEAK-mediated Smad3 phosphorylation. SIGNIFICANCE Upregulation of TWEAK contributes to RIF by promoting Smad3 phosphorylation, while NCTD inhibits this process.
Collapse
|
26
|
Alique M, Bodega G, Corchete E, García-Menéndez E, de Sequera P, Luque R, Rodríguez-Padrón D, Marqués M, Portolés J, Carracedo J, Ramírez R. Microvesicles from indoxyl sulfate-treated endothelial cells induce vascular calcification in vitro. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:953-966. [PMID: 32368330 PMCID: PMC7184105 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), an unpredictable pathophysiological process and critical event in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), is the leading cause of morbi-mortality and disability in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients worldwide. Currently, no diagnostic method is available for identifying patients at risk of VC development; the pathology is detected when the process is irreversible. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from endothelial cells might promote VC. Therefore, their evaluation and characterization could be useful for designing new diagnostic tools. The aim of the present study is to investigate whether microvesicles (MVs) from endothelial cells damaged by uremic toxin and indoxyl sulfate (IS) could induce calcification in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VMSCs). Besides, we have also analyzed the molecular mechanisms by which these endothelial MVs can promote VC development. Endothelial damage has been evaluated according to the percentage of senescence in endothelial cells, differential microRNAs in endothelial cells, and the amount of MVs released per cell. To identify the role of MVs in VC, VSMCs were treated with MVs from IS-treated endothelial cells. Calcium, inflammatory gene expression, and procalcification mediator levels in VSMCs were determined. IS-treated endothelial cells underwent senescence and exhibited modulated microRNA expression and an increase in the release of MVs. VSMCs exposed to these MVs modulated the expression of pro-inflammatory genes and some mediators involved in calcification progression. MVs produced by IS-treated endothelial cells promoted calcification in VSMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Alique
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Bodega
- Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Corchete
- Sección de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Carretera Nacional IV-A, Km 396, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Daily Rodríguez-Padrón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Carretera Nacional IV-A, Km 396, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Marqués
- Servicio Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Portolés
- Servicio Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julia Carracedo
- Departamento de Genética, Fisiología y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid/ Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Ramírez
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a devastating condition that is reaching epidemic levels owing to the increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity, as well as ageing of the population. Regardless of the underlying aetiology, CKD is slowly progressive and leads to irreversible nephron loss, end-stage renal disease and/or premature death. Factors that contribute to CKD progression include parenchymal cell loss, chronic inflammation, fibrosis and reduced regenerative capacity of the kidney. Current therapies have limited effectiveness and only delay disease progression, underscoring the need to develop novel therapeutic approaches to either stop or reverse progression. Preclinical studies have identified several approaches that reduce fibrosis in experimental models, including targeting cytokines, transcription factors, developmental and signalling pathways and epigenetic modulators, particularly microRNAs. Some of these nephroprotective strategies are now being tested in clinical trials. Lessons learned from the failure of clinical studies of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) blockade underscore the need for alternative approaches to CKD therapy, as strategies that target a single pathogenic process may result in unexpected negative effects on simultaneously occurring processes. Additional promising avenues include preventing tubular cell injury and anti-fibrotic therapies that target activated myofibroblasts, the main collagen-producing cells.
Collapse
|
28
|
Cuarental L, Sucunza-Sáenz D, Valiño-Rivas L, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Vaquero JJ, Sanchez-Niño MD. MAP3K kinases and kidney injury. Nefrologia 2019; 39:568-580. [PMID: 31196660 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) are functionally connected kinases that regulate key cellular process involved in kidney disease such as all survival, death, differentiation and proliferation. The typical MAP kinase module is composed by a cascade of three kinases: a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) that phosphorylates and activates a MAP kinase kinase (MAP2K) which phosphorylates a MAP kinase (MAPK). While the role of MAPKs such as ERK, p38 and JNK has been well characterized in experimental kidney injury, much less is known about the apical kinases in the cascade, the MAP3Ks. There are 24 characterized MAP3K (MAP3K1 to MAP3K21 plus RAF1, BRAF and ARAF). We now review current knowledge on the involvement of MAP3K in non-malignant kidney disease and the therapeutic tools available. There is in vivo interventional evidence clearly supporting a role for MAP3K5 (ASK1) and MAP3K14 (NIK) in the pathogenesis of experimental kidney disease. Indeed, the ASK1 inhibitor Selonsertib has undergone clinical trials for diabetic kidney disease. Additionally, although MAP3K7 (MEKK7, TAK1) is required for kidney development, acutely targeting MAP3K7 protected from acute and chronic kidney injury; and targeting MAP3K8 (TPL2/Cot) protected from acute kidney injury. By contrast MAP3K15 (ASK3) may protect from hypertension and BRAF inhibitors in clinical use may induced acute kidney injury and nephrotic syndrome. Given their role as upstream regulators of intracellular signaling, MAP3K are potential therapeutic targets in kidney injury, as demonstrated for some of them. However, the role of most MAP3K in kidney disease remains unexplored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Sucunza-Sáenz
- REDINREN, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Belen Sanz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; REDINREN, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, Madrid, Spain; REDINREN, Spain
| | - Juan José Vaquero
- REDINREN, Spain; Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Di Martino L, Osme A, Kossak-Gupta S, Pizarro TT, Cominelli F. TWEAK/Fn14 Is Overexpressed in Crohn's Disease and Mediates Experimental Ileitis by Regulating Critical Innate and Adaptive Immune Pathways. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 8:427-446. [PMID: 31181286 PMCID: PMC6718944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Crohn's disease (CD) is a debilitating inflammatory disorder that affects more than 1.6 million people in North America alone. Members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily are key regulators of intestinal inflammation; specifically, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), are involved in normal and pathologic tissue remodeling. Our aim was to determine the role of TWEAK/Fn14 in CD and a murine model of CD-like ileitis (ie, SAMP1/YitFc [SAMP] strain). METHODS SAMP mice deficient in Fn14 (SAMP × Fn14-/-) were developed and a detailed time-course study was performed evaluating ileal tissues by histology and stereomicroscopy, as well as quantitative polymerase chain reaction and NanoString technology (Seattle, WA). Reciprocal bone marrow chimeras were generated to assess the relevance of Fn14 in hematopoietic vs nonhematopoietic compartments. Surgically resected intestinal tissues and mucosal biopsy specimens from patients with CD, ulcerative colitis, and healthy controls were analyzed for the expression of TWEAK/Fn14 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS SAMP × Fn14-/- showed a marked decrease in ileitis severity at 20 weeks of age compared with SAMP WT controls. Bone marrow chimeras showed that Fn14 was required in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic compartments for ileitis to develop. Transcriptome data showed multiple cellular pathways regulated by Fn14 signaling. Finally, increased expression of TWEAK and Fn14 was observed in tissue lesions from CD patients compared with ulcerative colitis and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS TWEAK/Fn14 are up-regulated in CD, and also mediate experimental CD-like ileitis, by regulation of multiple innate and adaptive cellular pathways. Therefore, TWEAK/Fn14 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of small intestinal inflammation in CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Di Martino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Medicine, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Abdullah Osme
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Medicine, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sarah Kossak-Gupta
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Medicine, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Theresa T Pizarro
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fabio Cominelli
- Division of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Medicine, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Pathology, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK in kidney disease: biomarkers or therapeutic targets? Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:1145-1166. [PMID: 31097613 PMCID: PMC6526163 DOI: 10.1042/cs20181116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ligands and receptors of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily regulate immune responses and homeostatic functions with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. Kidney disease represents a global public health problem, whose prevalence is rising worldwide, due to the aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and immune disorders. In addition, chronic kidney disease is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, which further increases kidney-related morbidity and mortality. Recently, it has been shown that some TNF superfamily members are actively implicated in renal pathophysiology. These members include TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin (OPG), and TNF-like weaker inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK). All of them have shown the ability to activate crucial pathways involved in kidney disease development and progression (e.g. canonical and non-canonical pathways of the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B), as well as the ability to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, necrosis, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis with double-edged effects depending on the type and stage of kidney injury. Here we will review the actions of TRAIL, OPG, and TWEAK on diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease, in order to provide insights into their full clinical potential as biomarkers and/or therapeutic options against kidney disease.
Collapse
|
31
|
Hu G, Liang L, Liu Y, Liu J, Tan X, Xu M, Peng L, Zhai S, Li Q, Chu Z, Zeng W, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Interaction Confers Aggressive Properties to Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:796-806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
32
|
Ji J, Tao P, He L. Kangxianling decoction prevents renal fibrosis in rats with 5/6 nephrectomy and inhibits Ang II-induced ECM production in glomerular mesangial cells. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 139:367-372. [PMID: 30929858 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological change in all stages of kidney disease. Kangxianling decoction was widely used in patients with chronic kidney disease, which could improve symptoms such as poor appetite, edema, and fatigue. However, its effect on renal fibrosis remains to be studied. In this study, we investigated its effects on renal fibrosis in a rat model of 5/6 Nephrectomy (5/6 N) in vivo and in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated rat glomerular mesangial cells (HBZY-1) in vitro. Our data showed that 5/6 N induced renal fibrosis and combined with the activation of JNK signaling, the upregulation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), collagen I (Col-I) and fibronectin (FN). The administration of kangxianling decoction inhibited the activation of JNK signaling and attenuated the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in damaged kidneys. In HBZY-1 cells, Ang II increased the protein expression of Col-I and FN. It also activates JNK signaling and TGF-β in a time-dependent manner. Treatment of the HBZY-1 cells with kangxianling decoction blocked Ang II-induced JNK activation and ECM overproduction. Our results indicated that Kangxianling Decoction could reduce renal fibrosis, accompanied by inhibiting the production of ECM proteins and JNK, along with downregulation of TGF-β, Ang II.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200013, China
| | - Pengyu Tao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Liqun He
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China; Department of Nephrology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200013, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu J, Liu Y, Peng L, Li J, Wu K, Xia L, Wu J, Wang S, Wang X, Liu Q, Zeng W, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 Signals Mediate Burn Wound Repair. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:224-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
34
|
Fn14 Deficiency Ameliorates Anti-dsDNA IgG-Induced Glomerular Damage in SCID Mice. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1256379. [PMID: 30648117 PMCID: PMC6311848 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1256379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated that anti-dsDNA IgG is closely associated with lupus nephritis. Recently, it was found that activation of the fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling pathway damages glomerular filtration barrier in MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice. However, MRL/lpr mice have high titers of serum autoantibodies other than anti-dsDNA IgG. The aim of this study was to further explore the effect of Fn14 deficiency on anti-dsDNA IgG-induced glomerular damage in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice that have no endogenous IgG. Fn14 deficiency was generated in SCID mice. The murine hybridoma cells producing control IgG or anti-dsDNA IgG were intraperitoneally injected into mice. In two weeks, the urine, serum, and kidney tissue samples were harvested from mice at sacrifice. It showed that the injection of anti-dsDNA IgG, but not control IgG hybridoma cells, induced proteinuria and glomerular damage in SCID mice. Between the wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice injected with anti-dsDNA IgG hybridoma cells, the latter showed a decrease in both proteinuria and glomerular IgG deposition. The histopathological changes, inflammatory cell infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine production were also attenuated in the kidneys of the Fn14-KO mice upon anti-dsDNA IgG injection. Therefore, Fn14 deficiency effectively protects SCID mice from anti-dsDNA IgG-induced glomerular damage.
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu J, Peng L, Liu Y, Wu K, Wang S, Wang X, Liu Q, Xia Y, Zeng W. Topical TWEAK Accelerates Healing of Experimental Burn Wounds in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:660. [PMID: 29977207 PMCID: PMC6021523 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 (Fn14) participates in inflammatory responses, fibrosis, and tissue remodeling, which are central in the repair processes of wounds. Fn14 is expressed in main skin cells including dermal fibroblasts. This study was designed to explore the therapeutic effect of TWEAK on experimental burn wounds and the relevant mechanism underlying such function. Third-degree burns were introduced in two BALB/c mouse strains. Recombinant TWEAK was administrated topically, followed by the evaluation of wound areas and histologic changes. Accordingly, the downstream cytokines, inflammatory cell infiltration, and extracellular matrix synthesis were examined in lesional tissue. Moreover, the differentiation markers were analyzed in cultured human dermal fibroblasts upon TWEAK stimulation. The results showed that topical TWEAK accelerated the healing of burn wounds in wild-type mice but not in Fn14-deficient mice. TWEAK strengthened inflammatory cell infiltration, and exaggerated the production of growth factor and extracellular matrix components in wound areas of wild-type mice. Moreover, TWEAK/Fn14 activation elevated the expression of myofibroblastic differentiation markers, including alpha-smooth muscle actin and palladin, in cultured dermal fibroblasts. Therefore, topical TWEAK exhibits therapeutic effect on experimental burn wounds through favoring regional inflammation, cytokine production, and extracellular matrix synthesis. TWEAK/Fn14 activation induces the myofibroblastic differentiation of dermal fibroblasts, partially contributing to the healing of burn wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lingling Peng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yale Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kunyi Wu
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuening Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qilu Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weihui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
TWEAK increases CD74 expression and sensitizes to DDT proinflammatory actions in tubular cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199391. [PMID: 29924850 PMCID: PMC6010292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CD74 is a multifunctional protein and a receptor for Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and MIF-2 / D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT) cytokines, upregulated in diabetic kidney disease. However, the drivers of CD74 expression and DDT function in kidney cells are poorly characterized. TWEAK is a proinflammatory cytokine that promotes kidney injury. We have now identified CD74 gene expression as upregulated in the kidneys in response to systemic TWEAK administration in mice, and have characterized the in vivo CD74 expression and the functional consequences in cultured cells. TWEAK administration to mice resulted in a progressive time-dependent (up to 24h) upregulation of kidney CD74 mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (Western blot). Furthermore, the CD74 ligands MIF and DDT were also upregulated at the protein level 24h after TWEAK administration. Immunohistochemistry localized the increased CD74, MIF and DDT expression to tubular cells. In cultured tubular cells, TWEAK increased CD74 mRNA and protein expression dose-dependently, with a temporal pattern similar to in vivo. TWEAK-induced CD74 localized to the cell membrane, where it can function as a cytokine receptor. For the first time, we explored the actions of DDT in tubular cells and found that DDT amplified the increase in MCP-1 and RANTES expression in response to TWEAK. By contrast, DDT did not significantly modify TWEAK-induced Klotho downregulation. In conclusion, TWEAK upregulates CD74 and its ligands MIF and DDT in renal tubular cells. This may have functional consequences for kidney injury since DDT amplified the inflammatory response to TWEAK.
Collapse
|
37
|
Gil RB, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD, Markoska K, Schepers E, Vanholder R, Glorieux G, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Heinzmann SS. Increased urinary osmolyte excretion indicates chronic kidney disease severity and progression rate. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33:2156-2164. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfy020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan B Gil
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environment Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Eva Schepers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet Glorieux
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology Division, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environment Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
- Technical University Munich, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Silke S Heinzmann
- Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environment Health, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martin-Sanchez D, Fontecha-Barriuso M, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ramos AM, Cabello R, Gonzalez-Enguita C, Linkermann A, Sanz AB, Ortiz A. Cell death-based approaches in treatment of the urinary tract-associated diseases: a fight for survival in the killing fields. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:118. [PMID: 29371637 PMCID: PMC5833412 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract-associated diseases comprise a complex set of disorders with a variety of etiologic agents and therapeutic approaches and a huge global burden of disease, estimated at around 1 million deaths per year. These diseases include cancer (mainly prostate, renal, and bladder), urinary tract infections, and urolithiasis. Cell death plays a key role in the pathogenesis and therapy of these conditions. During urinary tract infections, invading bacteria may either promote or prevent host cell death by interfering with cell death pathways. This has been studied in detail for uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Inhibition of host cell death may allow intracellular persistence of live bacteria, while promoting host cell death causes tissue damage and releases the microbes. Both crystals and urinary tract obstruction lead to tubular cell death and kidney injury. Among the pathomechanisms, apoptosis, necroptosis, and autophagy represent key processes. With respect to malignant disorders, traditional therapeutic efforts have focused on directly promoting cancer cell death. This may exploit tumor-specific characteristics, such as targeting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) signaling and mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) activity in renal cancer and inducing survival factor deprivation by targeting androgen signaling in prostate cancer. An area of intense research is the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors, aiming at unleashing the full potential of immune cells to kill cancer cells. In the future, this may be combined with additional approaches exploiting intrinsic sensitivities to specific modes of cell death such as necroptosis and ferroptosis. Here, we review the contribution of diverse cell death mechanisms to the pathogenesis of urinary tract-associated diseases as well as the potential for novel therapeutic approaches based on an improved molecular understanding of these mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martin-Sanchez
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramiro Cabello
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Andreas Linkermann
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ana Belén Sanz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain.
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.
- IRSIN, Madrid, Spain.
- REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lv W, Booz GW, Wang Y, Fan F, Roman RJ. Inflammation and renal fibrosis: Recent developments on key signaling molecules as potential therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 820:65-76. [PMID: 29229532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue. At the histological level, renal fibrosis is the final common pathway of progressive kidney disease irrespective of the initial injury. Considerable evidence now indicates that renal inflammation plays a central role in the initiation and progression of CKD. Some of the inflammatory signaling molecules involved in CKD include: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), bradykinin B1 receptor (B1R), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Multiple antifibrotic factors, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are also downregulated in CKD. Therefore, restoration of the proper balance between pro- and antifibrotic signaling pathways could serve as a guiding principle for the design of new antifibrotic strategies that simultaneously target many pathways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing body of knowledge regarding activation of cytokine pathways and infiltration of inflammatory cells as a starting point for developing novel antifibrotic therapies to prevent progression of CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26003, China
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26003, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Richard J Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis Activates Type I Interferon Signals in Lupus Nephritis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4927376. [PMID: 29333443 PMCID: PMC5733219 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4927376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN) plays a central role in pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been associated with a pathogenic role in lupus nephritis (LN). Thus we investigated whether TWEAK could induce the activation of type I IFN pathway in LN. We examined this in patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as MRL/lpr mice, a murine LN model. Relative to the control cohorts, MRL/lpr mice showed severe histological changes, high index levels of renal damage, and elevated expression of type I IFN-inducible genes. After shRNA suppression of TWEAK, we observed that renal damage was significantly attenuated and expression of type I IFN-inducible genes was reduced in MRL/lpr mice. In parallel, siRNA of TWEAK also significantly reduced the expression of type I IFN-inducible genes in PBMCs relative to control transfections. In PBMCs, TWEAK stimulation also led to expression of type I IFN-inducible genes. Our results illustrate a novel regulatory role of TWEAK, in which its activity positively regulates type I IFN pathway in LN based on preclinical models. Our findings suggest TWEAK could act as a critical target in preventing renal damage in patients with LN.
Collapse
|
41
|
Guo Y, Liao Y. miR-200bc/429 cluster alleviates inflammation in IgA nephropathy by targeting TWEAK/Fn14. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 52:150-155. [PMID: 28910745 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common glomerular diseases worldwide. Various studies have identified a host of microRNAs (miRNAs) abnormally expressed in IgAN and might affect the pathogenesis and progression of IgAN. However, miR-200bc/429 cluster in the pathopoiesis of IgAN remains poorly understood. For this study, we found that miR-200bc/429 cluster is downregulated in IgAN tissues and IgAN podocytes and HK2 cells compared with their matched controls respectively. In addition, overexpression of miR-200bc/429 cluster in IgAN podocytes and HK2 cells could attenuate the release of inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, IL-6 and RANTES. Moreover, the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) was identified to be a direct target of miR-200bc/429 cluster. Furthermore, our results showed that miR-200bc/429 cluster can inhibit TWEAK mediated NF-κB pathway activation in IgAN. Overall, our findings revealed that miR-200bc/429 cluster alleviates inflammation in IgAN through TWEAK/Fn14 system and might serve as a biomarker as well as a promising therapeutic target for IgAN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital, Chongqing 400700, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Liao
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital, Chongqing 400700, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Sargent JL, Li Z, Aliprantis AO, Greenblatt M, Lemaire R, Wu MH, Wei J, Taroni J, Harris A, Long KB, Burgwin C, Artlett CM, Blankenhorn EP, Lafyatis R, Varga J, Clark SH, Whitfield ML. Identification of Optimal Mouse Models of Systemic Sclerosis by Interspecies Comparative Genomics. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 68:2003-15. [PMID: 26945694 DOI: 10.1002/art.39658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Understanding the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is confounded by considerable disease heterogeneity. Animal models of SSc that recapitulate distinct subsets of disease at the molecular level have not been delineated. We applied interspecies comparative analysis of genomic data from multiple mouse models of SSc and patients with SSc to determine which animal models best reflect the SSc intrinsic molecular subsets. METHODS Gene expression measured in skin from mice with sclerodermatous graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), bleomycin-induced fibrosis, Tsk1/+ or Tsk2/+ mice was mapped to human orthologs and compared to SSc skin biopsy-derived gene expression. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) activation was assessed using a responsive signature in mice, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12A (TNFRSF12A) expression was measured in SSc patient and mouse skin. RESULTS Gene expression in skin from mice with sclerodermatous GVHD and bleomycin-induced fibrosis corresponded to that in SSc patients in the inflammatory molecular subset. In contrast, Tsk2/+ mice showed gene expression corresponding to the fibroproliferative SSc subset. Enrichment of a TGFβ-responsive signature was observed in both Tsk2/+ mice and mice with bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis. Expression of TNFRSF12A (the TWEAK receptor/fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14) was elevated in skin from patients with fibroproliferative SSc and the skin of Tsk2/+ mice. CONCLUSION This study reveals similarities in cutaneous gene expression between distinct mouse models of SSc and specific molecular subsets of the disease. Different pathways underlie the intrinsic subsets including TGFβ, interleukin-13 (IL-13), and IL-4. We identify a novel target, Tnfrsf12a, with elevated expression in skin from patients with fibroproliferative SSc and Tsk2/+ mice. These findings will inform mechanistic and translational preclinical studies in SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenghui Li
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | | | | | - Ming-Hua Wu
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jun Wei
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jaclyn Taroni
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Adam Harris
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington
| | - Kristen B Long
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chelsea Burgwin
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carol M Artlett
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - John Varga
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Poveda J, Sanz AB, Carrasco S, Ruiz-Ortega M, Cannata-Ortiz P, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ortiz A. Bcl3: a regulator of NF-κB inducible by TWEAK in acute kidney injury with anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic properties in tubular cells. Exp Mol Med 2017; 49:e352. [PMID: 28684863 PMCID: PMC5565957 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2017.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by tubular cell death and interstitial inflammation. TWEAK promotes experimental kidney injury and activates the transcription factor NF-κB, a key regulator of genes involved in cell survival and inflammatory response. In search of potential therapeutic targets for AKI, we compared a transcriptomics database of NF-κB-related genes from murine AKI-kidneys with a transcriptomics database of TWEAK-stimulated cultured tubular cells. Four out of twenty-four (17%) genes were significantly upregulated (false discovery rate, FDR<0.05), while nine out of twenty-four (37%) genes were significantly upregulated at FDR <0.1 in both databases. Bcl3 was the top upregulated NF-κB-related gene in experimental AKI and one of the most upregulated genes in TWEAK-stimulated tubular cells. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot and immunohistochemistry confirmed Bcl3 upregulation in both experimental conditions and localized increased Bcl3 expression to tubular cells in AKI. Transcriptomics database analysis revealed increased Bcl3 expression in numerous experimental and human kidney conditions. Furthermore, systemic TWEAK administration increased kidney Bcl3 expression. In cultured tubular cells, targeting Bcl3 by siRNA resulted in the magnification of TWEAK-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity, chemokine upregulation and Klotho downregulation, and in the sensitization to cell death induced by TWEAK/TNFα/interferon-γ. In contrast, Bcl3 overexpression decreased NF-κB transcriptional activity, inflammatory response and cell death while dampening the decrease in Klotho expression. In conclusion, Bcl3 expressed in response to TWEAK stimulation decreases TWEAK-induced inflammatory and lethal responses. Therefore, therapeutic upregulation of Bcl3 activity should be explored in kidney disease because it has advantages over chemical inhibitors of NF-κB that are known to prevent inflammatory responses but can also sensitize the cells to apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Carrasco
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cannata-Ortiz
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria D Sanchez-Niño
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Unidad de Dialisis, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo-IRSIN and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nogueira A, Pires MJ, Oliveira PA. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Renal Fibrosis: A Review of Animal Models and Therapeutic Strategies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 31:1-22. [PMID: 28064215 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term condition in which the kidneys do not work correctly. It has a high prevalence and represents a serious hazard to human health and estimated to affects hundreds of millions of people. Diabetes and hypertension are the two principal causes of CKD. The progression of CKD is characterized by the loss of renal cells and their replacement by extracellular matrix (ECM), independently of the associated disease. Thus, one of the consequences of CKD is glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis caused by an imbalance between excessive synthesis and reduced breakdown of the ECM. There are many molecules and cells that are associated with progression of renal fibrosis e.g. angiotensin II (Ang II). Therefore, in order to understand the biopathology of renal fibrosis and for the evaluation of new treatments, the use of animal models is crucial such as: surgical, chemical and physical models, spontaneous models, genetic models and in vitro models. However, there are currently no effective treatments for preventing the progression of renal fibrosis. Therefore it is essential to improve our knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the progress of renal fibrosis in order to achieve a reversion/elimination of renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- António Nogueira
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Therapeutic and Diagnostic Technologies, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Maria João Pires
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula Alexandra Oliveira
- Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal .,Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sequera C, Vázquez-Carballo A, Arechederra M, Fernández-Veledo S, Porras A. TWEAK promotes migration and invasion in MEFs through a mechanism dependent on ERKs activation and Fibulin 3 down-regulation. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:968-978. [PMID: 28383766 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
TWEAK regulates multiple physio-pathological processes in fibroblasts such as fibrosis. It also induces migration and invasion in tumors and it can activate p38 MAPK in various cell types. Moreover, p38α MAPK promotes migration and invasion in several cancer cells types and in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). However, it remains unknown if TWEAK could promote migration in fibroblasts and whether p38α MAPK might play a role. Our results reveal that TWEAK activates ERKs, Akt, and p38α/β MAPKs and reduces secreted Fibulin 3 in MEFs. TWEAK also increases migration and invasion in wt and p38α deficient MEFs, which indicates that p38α MAPK is not required to mediate these effects. In contrast, ERKs inhibition significantly decreases TWEAK-induced migration and Fibulin 3 knock-down mimics TWEAK effect. These results indicate that both ERKs activation and Fibulin 3 down-regulation would contribute to mediate TWEAK pro-migratory effect. In fact, the additional regulation of ERKs and/or p38β as a consequence of Fibulin 3 decrease might be also involved in the pro-migratory effect of TWEAK in MEFs. In conclusion, our studies uncover novel mechanisms by which TWEAK would favor tissue repair by promoting fibroblasts migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Celia Sequera
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Vázquez-Carballo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Arechederra
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Almudena Porras
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Beyond TNF: TNF superfamily cytokines as targets for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 13:217-233. [PMID: 28275260 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TNF blockers are highly efficacious at dampening inflammation and reducing symptoms in rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis, and also in nonrheumatic syndromes such as inflammatory bowel disease. As TNF belongs to a superfamily of 19 structurally related proteins that have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory activity, reagents that disrupt the interaction between proinflammatory TNF family cytokines and their receptors, or agonize the anti-inflammatory receptors, are being considered for the treatment of rheumatic diseases. Biologic agents that block B cell activating factor (BAFF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) have been approved for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus and osteoporosis, respectively. In this Review, we focus on additional members of the TNF superfamily that could be relevant for the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease, including those that can strongly promote activity of immune cells or increase activity of tissue cells, as well as those that promote death pathways and might limit inflammation. We examine preclinical mouse and human data linking these molecules to the control of damage in the joints, muscle, bone or other tissues, and discuss their potential as targets for future therapy of rheumatic diseases.
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhu W, Zheng X, Jiang C, Huang H, Wang W, Liu H, Jiang W, Yang L, Zhang S, Zhang M, Zhu D, Yan X. Establishment and observation of a new and ideal reversible model of PUUO. Ren Fail 2016; 39:222-228. [PMID: 27845607 PMCID: PMC6014483 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2016.1256318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We established a novel procedure to generate a reversible partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO) in rabbit. The method allows us to reliably measure the degree of ureteral obstruction in live animals, and thus could be a useful tool for studying kidney diseases. Methods: Thirty rabbits of clean grade were divided randomly into sham control group and obstruction (PUUO) group. Each rabbit in this study received the same blocking surgery, in which the upper ureter was curvilinearly incised and inserted with two F6 ureteral catheters that were connected with a tee joint valve. Ureteral obstruction was created and released through the valve adjustment. Serum creatinine and ultrasonographic measurements were performed preoperatively, on the fifth and tenth days after obstruction surgery, and on the 10th and 20th day, respectively, after the relief of the obstruction. Pathological measurements were taken in two randomly chosen rabbits of each group on the 10th day after surgery and on the 20th day after obstruction relief. Results: Data showed that the serum creatinine went transiently up and down in the early days and then remained a little bit higher in the following days after obstruction surgery. The morphology in obstructed kidney changed significantly on the 10th day postoperatively, compared to the sham control group. The obvious differences were also observed in pathology tests. After the relief of obstruction, the volume of renal pelvis (V), renal cortical thickness (RCT), and pathological impairment were partially reversed. Conclusions: Those findings indicate our procedure generate a successful and reversible PUUO animal model. It is a reliable and simple procedure for generating an animal model for reversible PUUO. The feasibility and significance of the new method was confirmed through ultrasonographic and pathological results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- a Department of Nephrology , Drum Tower Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xi Zheng
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Chunming Jiang
- a Department of Nephrology , Drum Tower Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Haifeng Huang
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Wei Wang
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - He Liu
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Wei Jiang
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- a Department of Nephrology , Drum Tower Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Dalong Zhu
- c Institution of Internal Medicine , Drum Tower Clinical Medical School, Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xiang Yan
- b Department of Urology , Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University , Nanjing , PR China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ruiz-Andres O, Sanchez-Niño MD, Moreno JA, Ruiz-Ortega M, Ramos AM, Sanz AB, Ortiz A. Downregulation of kidney protective factors by inflammation: role of transcription factors and epigenetic mechanisms. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F1329-F1340. [PMID: 27760772 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00487.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated to an increased risk of death, CKD progression, and acute kidney injury (AKI) even from early stages, when glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is preserved. The link between early CKD and these risks is unclear, since there is no accumulation of uremic toxins. However, pathological albuminuria and kidney inflammation are frequent features of early CKD, and the production of kidney protective factors may be decreased. Indeed, Klotho expression is already decreased in CKD category G1 (normal GFR). Klotho has anti-aging and nephroprotective properties, and decreased Klotho levels may contribute to increase the risk of death, CKD progression, and AKI. In this review, we discuss the downregulation by mediators of inflammation of molecules with systemic and/or renal local protective functions, exemplified by Klotho and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a transcription factor that promotes mitochondrial biogenesis. Cytokines such as TWEAK, TNF-α, or transforming growth factor -β1 produced locally during kidney injury or released from inflammatory sites at other organs may decrease kidney expression of Klotho and PGC-1α or lead to suboptimal recruitment of these nephroprotective proteins. Transcription factors (e.g., Smad3 and NF-κB) and epigenetic mechanisms (e.g., histone acetylation or methylation) contribute to downregulate the expression of Klotho and/or PGC-1α, while histone crotonylation promotes PGC-1α expression. NF-κBiz facilitates the repressive effect of NF-κB on Klotho expression. A detailed understanding of these mediators may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic approaches to prevent CKD progression and its negative impact on mortality and AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Ruiz-Andres
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Maria Dolores Sanchez-Niño
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Adrian Mario Ramos
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Ana Belen Sanz
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; and
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; .,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain; and.,Fundación Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Poveda J, Sanz AB, Fernandez-Fernandez B, Carrasco S, Ruiz-Ortega M, Cannata-Ortiz P, Ortiz A, Sanchez-Niño MD. MXRA5 is a TGF-β1-regulated human protein with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:154-164. [PMID: 27599751 PMCID: PMC5192817 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapy for chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unsatisfactory because of an insufficient understanding of its pathogenesis. Matrix remodelling-associated protein 5 (MXRA5, adlican) is a human protein of unknown function with high kidney tissue expression, not present in rodents. Given the increased expression of MXRA5 in injured tissues, including the kidneys, we have suggested that MXRA5 may modulate kidney injury. MXRA5 immunoreactivity was observed in tubular cells in human renal biopsies and in urine from CKD patients. We then explored factors regulating MXRA5 expression and MXRA5 function in cultured human proximal tubular epithelial cells and explored MXRA5 expression in kidney cancer cells and kidney tissue. The fibrogenic cytokine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) up-regulated MXRA5 mRNA and protein expression. TGFβ1-induced MXRA5 up-regulation was prevented by either interference with TGFβ1 activation of the TGFβ receptor 1 (TGFBR1, ALK5) or by the vitamin D receptor agonist paricalcitol. By contrast, the pro-inflammatory cytokine TWEAK did not modulate MXRA5 expression. MXRA5 siRNA-induced down-regulation of constitutive MXRA5 expression resulted in higher TWEAK-induced expression of chemokines. In addition, MXRA5 down-regulation resulted in a magnified expression of genes encoding extracellular matrix proteins in response to TGFβ1. Furthermore, in clear cell renal cancer, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) regulated MXRA5 expression. In conclusion, MXRA5 is a TGFβ1- and VHL-regulated protein and, for the first time, we identify MXRA5 functions as an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic molecule. This information may yield clues to design novel therapeutic strategies in diseases characterized by inflammation and fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Susana Carrasco
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Cannata-Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain.,School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Fundacion Renal Iñigo Alvarez de Toledo-IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria D Sanchez-Niño
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying hepatic inflammation and fibrogenesis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) are complex and several cytokines are involved. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily which also acts as a cytokine. This study was conducted to evaluate serum soluble TWEAK (sTWEAK) levels in noncirrhotic CHB patients.Fifty-two treatment naive CHB patients and 30 healthy controls were included in the study and serum sTWEAK concentrations were measured using commercially available ELISA kits.Mean serum sTWEAK concentration was significantly lower in CHB group than healthy controls (189.6 ± 63.3 pg/mL in CHB group and 297.6 ± 61.5 pg/mL in control group, P < 0.001). According to the degree of necroinflammation in liver biopsies mean sTWEAK concentrations were found to be 168.14 ± 51.51, 206.96 ± 58.51, and 223.62 ± 78.88 pg/mL in patients with mild, moderate, and severe inflammation, respectively, and the difference between groups was statistically significant (P = 0.022). sTWEAK concentration was also found to be significantly higher in patients with advanced fibrosis in liver biopsy samples (169.59 ± 52.02 and 211.17 ± 68.22 pg/mL in patients with mild and advanced fibrosis, respectively, P = 0.016). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were obtained in CHB group to differentiate patients with advanced fibrosis from patients with mild fibrosis. Area under curve (AUC) was 0.676 (95% Cl; 0.526-0.825) for sTWEAK and for the specified cut-off value of 213.67 pg/mL sensitivity and specificity were 60% and 81.4%, respectively. ROC curve for sTWEAK to differentiate patients with severe inflammation revealed an AUC of 0.664 (95% Cl; 0.450-0.878). A cut-off value of 243.27 pg/mL yielded 54.5% sensitivity and 82.9% specificity.Serum sTWEAK concentration is decreased in treatment naive CHB patients. Further studies with simultaneous determination of circulating sTWEAK concentrations and TWEAK and factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) expressions in the liver biopsy samples would clarify the exact association of TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in the pathogenesis of CHB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Asil
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram, Konya, Turkey
- Correspondence: Mehmet Asil, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Meram Tıp Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Anabilim, Dalı, Gastroenteroloji Kliniği, 42090 Meram, Konya, Turkey (e-mail: )
| | | |
Collapse
|