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Rodríguez RM, Colom-Pellicer M, Hernández-Baixauli J, Calvo E, Suárez M, Arola-Arnal A, Torres-Fuentes C, Aragonès G, Mulero M. Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Attenuates Cafeteria-Diet-Induced Liver Metabolic Disturbances in Rats: Influence of Photoperiod. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7713. [PMID: 39062955 PMCID: PMC11276873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of photoperiod (day length) on the efficacy of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) in mitigating metabolic disorders in obese rats fed a cafeteria diet. Rats were exposed to standard (L12), long (L18), or short (L6) photoperiods and treated with GSPE or vehicle. In the standard photoperiod, GSPE reduced body weight gain (50.5%), total cholesterol (37%), and triglycerides (34.8%), while increasing the expression of hepatic metabolic genes. In the long photoperiod, GSPE tended to decrease body weight gain, increased testosterone levels (68.3%), decreased liver weight (12.4%), and decreased reverse serum amino acids. In the short photoperiod, GSPE reduced glycemia (~10%) and lowered triglyceride levels (38.5%), with effects modified by diet. The standard photoperiod showed the greatest efficacy against metabolic syndrome-associated diseases. The study showed how day length affects GSPE's benefits and underscores considering biological rhythms in metabolic disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina M. Rodríguez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Marina Colom-Pellicer
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
| | - Julia Hernández-Baixauli
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d’Hebron-Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology-TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology-TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Arola-Arnal
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology-TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology-TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Gerard Aragonès
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology-TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Miquel Mulero
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus de Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (R.M.R.); (M.C.-P.); (E.C.); (M.S.); (A.A.-A.); (C.T.-F.); (G.A.)
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology-TecnATox, Rovira i Virgili University, 43201 Reus, Spain
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Tian C, Huang R, Xiang M. SIRT1: Harnessing multiple pathways to hinder NAFLD. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107155. [PMID: 38527697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is the primary cause of chronic liver disorders, with a high prevalence but no approved treatment. Therefore, it is indispensable to find a trustworthy therapy for NAFLD. Recently, mounting evidence illustrates that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is strongly associated with NAFLD. SIRT1 activation or overexpression attenuate NAFLD, while SIRT1 deficiency aggravates NAFLD. Besides, an array of therapeutic agents, including natural compounds, synthetic compounds, traditional Chinese medicine formula, and stem cell transplantation, alleviates NALFD via SIRT1 activation or upregulation. Mechanically, SIRT1 alleviates NAFLD by reestablishing autophagy, enhancing mitochondrial function, suppressing oxidative stress, and coordinating lipid metabolism, as well as reducing hepatocyte apoptosis and inflammation. In this review, we introduced the structure and function of SIRT1 briefly, and summarized the effect of SIRT1 on NAFLD and its mechanism, along with the application of SIRT1 agonists in treating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rongrong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Cheng L, Shi L, He C, Wang C, Lv Y, Li H, An Y, Duan Y, Dai H, Zhang H, Huang Y, Fu W, Sun W, Zhao B. Mulberry leaf flavonoids activate BAT and induce browning of WAT to improve type 2 diabetes via regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. Chin J Nat Med 2023; 21:812-829. [PMID: 38035937 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60481-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-established traditional Chinese botanical and culinary resource. It has found widespread application in the management of diabetes. The bioactive constituents of mulberry leaf, specifically mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLFs), exhibit pronounced potential in the amelioration of type 2 diabetes (T2D). This potential is attributed to their ability to safeguard pancreatic β cells, enhance insulin resistance, and inhibit α-glucosidase activity. Our antecedent research findings underscore the substantial therapeutic efficacy of MLFs in treating T2D. However, the precise mechanistic underpinnings of MLF's anti-T2D effects remain the subject of inquiry. Activation of brown/beige adipocytes is a novel and promising strategy for T2D treatment. In the present study, our primary objective was to elucidate the impact of MLFs on adipose tissue browning in db/db mice and 3T3-L1 cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. The results manifested that MLFs reduced body weight and food intake, alleviated hepatic steatosis, improved insulin sensitivity, and increased lipolysis and thermogenesis in db/db mice. Moreover, MLFs activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (IWAT) and 3T3-L1 adipocytes by increasing the expressions of brown adipocyte marker genes and proteins such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and beige adipocyte marker genes such as transmembrane protein 26 (Tmem26), thereby promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, MLFs facilitated the activation of BAT and the induction of WAT browning to ameliorate T2D primarily through the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) signaling pathway. These findings highlight the unique capacity of MLF to counteract T2D by enhancing BAT activation and inducing browning of IWAT, thereby ameliorating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. As such, MLFs emerge as a prospective and innovative browning agent for the treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Cheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Lu Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Changhao He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yinglan Lv
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Hongyu Dai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wanxin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Weiguang Sun
- GuangZhou Baiyunshan Xingqun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510288, China.
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Xiong Y, Ma C, Li Q, Zhang W, Zhao H, Ren P, Zhang K, Lei X. Melatonin ameliorates simulated-microgravity-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and lipid metabolism dysregulation in hepatocytes. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23132. [PMID: 37552471 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301137r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The liver is an essential multifunctional organ, which constantly communicates with nearly all tissues. It has raised the concern that microgravity exposure can lead to liver dysfunction and metabolic syndromes. However, molecular mechanisms and intervention measures of the adverse effects of microgravity on hepatocytes are limited. In this study, we utilized the random positioning machine culture system to investigate the adverse effects on hepatocytes under simulated microgravity (SMG). Our results showed that SMG impaired hepatocyte viability, causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Compared to normal gravity, it also triggered lipid accumulation, elevated triglyceride (TG) and ROS levels, and impaired mitochondria function in hepatocytes. Furthermore, RNA sequencing results showed that SMG upregulated genes implicated in lipid metabolisms, including PPARγ, PLIN2, CD36, FABPs, etc. Importantly, all these defects can be suppressed by melatonin, a potent antioxidant secreted by the pineal gland, suggesting its potential use of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiong
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chiyuan Ma
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Li
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenya Zhang
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huashan Zhao
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peigen Ren
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohua Lei
- Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Zhao X, Amevor FK, Cui Z, Wan Y, Xue X, Peng C, Li Y. Steatosis in metabolic diseases: A focus on lipolysis and lipophagy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114311. [PMID: 36764133 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs), as part of lipids, are involved in cell membrane composition, cellular energy storage, and cell signaling. FAs can also be toxic when their concentrations inside and/or outside the cell exceed physiological levels, which is called "lipotoxicity", and steatosis is a form of lipotoxity. To facilitate the storage of large quantities of FAs in cells, they undergo a process called lipolysis or lipophagy. This review focuses on the effects of lipolytic enzymes including cytoplasmic "neutral" lipolysis, lysosomal "acid" lipolysis, and lipophagy. Moreover, the impact of related lipolytic enzymes on lipid metabolism homeostasis and energy conservation, as well as their role in lipid-related metabolic diseases. In addition, we describe how they affect lipid metabolism homeostasis and energy conservation in lipid-related metabolic diseases with a focus on hepatic steatosis and cancer and the pathogenesis and therapeutic targets of AMPK/SIRTs/FOXOs, PI3K/Akt, PPARs/PGC-1α, MAPK/ERK1/2, TLR4/NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR/TFEB, Wnt/β-catenin through immune inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy-related pathways. As well as the current application of lipolytic enzyme inhibitors (especially Monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL) inhibitors) to provide new strategies for future exploration of metabolic programming in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingtao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Felix Kwame Amevor
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhifu Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Yan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Geng J, Zhang Y, Meng Q, Yan H, Wang Y. The role of liver kinase B1 in tumor progression through regulation of lipid metabolism. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:2045-2054. [PMID: 35896782 PMCID: PMC9522762 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/30/2022]
Abstract
The somatic mutation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1) has been implicated in various tumors, which is reflected in the survival, proliferation, and metastasis of tumor cells. However, the regulation of LKB1 in lipid metabolism, a process that is involved in tumor progression is not completely clear. We conclude that LKB1 deficiency results in abnormal expression and activation of multiple molecules related to lipid metabolism which locate downstream of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or salt-induced kinase (SIK). Abnormal lipid metabolism induced by LKB1 deficiency contributes to the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells through energy regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Geng
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanghe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Qingfei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yishu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Balbuena E, Cheng J, Eroglu A. Carotenoids in orange carrots mitigate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease progression. Front Nutr 2022; 9:987103. [PMID: 36225879 PMCID: PMC9549209 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.987103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carotenoids are abundant in colored fruits and vegetables. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global burden and risk factor for end-stage hepatic diseases. This study aims to compare the anti-NAFLD efficacy between carotenoid-rich and carotenoid-deficient vegetables. Materials and methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to one of four experimental diets for 15 weeks (n = 12 animals/group): Low-fat diet (LFD, 10% calories from fat), high-fat diet (HFD, 60% calories from fat), HFD with 20% white carrot powders (HFD + WC), or with 20% orange carrot powders (HFD + OC). Results We observed that carotenoids in the orange carrots reduced HFD-induced weight gain, better than white carrots. Histological and triglyceride (TG) analyses revealed significantly decreased HFD-induced hepatic lipid deposition and TG content in the HFD + WC group, which was further reduced in the HFD + OC group. Western blot analysis demonstrated inconsistent changes of fatty acid synthesis-related proteins but significantly improved ACOX-1 and CPT-II, indicating that orange carrot carotenoids had the potential to inhibit NAFLD by improving β-oxidation. Further investigation showed significantly higher mRNA and protein levels of PPARα and its transcription factor activity. Conclusion Carotenoid-rich foods may display more potent efficacy in mitigating NAFLD than those with low carotenoid levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Balbuena
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Junrui Cheng
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Abdulkerim Eroglu
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Abdulkerim Eroglu,
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NAFLD: Mechanisms, Treatments, and Biomarkers. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060824. [PMID: 35740949 PMCID: PMC9221336 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), recently renamed metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), is one of the most common causes of liver diseases worldwide. NAFLD is growing in parallel with the obesity epidemic. No pharmacological treatment is available to treat NAFLD, specifically. The reason might be that NAFLD is a multi-factorial disease with an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms involved, an absence of accurate and inexpensive imaging tools, and lack of adequate non-invasive biomarkers. NAFLD consists of the accumulation of excess lipids in the liver, causing lipotoxicity that might progress to metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanisms for the pathogenesis of NAFLD, current interventions in the management of the disease, and the role of sirtuins as potential targets for treatment are discussed here. In addition, the current diagnostic tools, and the role of non-coding RNAs as emerging diagnostic biomarkers are summarized. The availability of non-invasive biomarkers, and accurate and inexpensive non-invasive diagnosis tools are crucial in the detection of the early signs in the progression of NAFLD. This will expedite clinical trials and the validation of the emerging therapeutic treatments.
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Xiang X, Ohshiro K, Zaidi S, Yang X, Bhowmick K, Vegesna AK, Bernstein D, Crawford JM, Mishra B, Latham PS, Gough NR, Rao S, Mishra L. Impaired reciprocal regulation between SIRT6 and TGF-β signaling in fatty liver. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22335. [PMID: 35506565 PMCID: PMC11288617 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101518r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling contributes to fibrotic liver disease and hepatocellular cancer (HCC), both of which are associated with fatty liver disease. SIRT6 limits fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β signaling through deacetylating SMAD2 and SMAD3 and limits lipogenesis by inhibiting SREBP1 and SREBP2 activity. Here, we showed that, compared to wild-type mice, high-fat diet-induced fatty liver is worse in TGF-β signaling-deficient mice (SPTBN1+/- ) and the mutant mice had reduced SIRT6 abundance in the liver. Therefore, we hypothesized that altered reciprocal regulation between TGF-β signaling and SIRT6 contributes to these liver pathologies. We found that deficiency in SMAD3 or SPTBN1 reduced SIRT6 mRNA and protein abundance and impaired TGF-β induction of SIRT6 transcripts, and that SMAD3 bound to the SIRT6 promoter, suggesting that an SMAD3-SPTBN1 pathway mediated the induction of SIRT6 in response to TGF-β. Overexpression of SIRT6 in HCC cells reduced the expression of TGF-β-induced genes, consistent with the suppressive role of SIRT6 on TGF-β signaling. Manipulation of SIRT6 abundance in HCC cells altered sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) activity and overexpression of SIRT6 reduced the amount of acetylated SPTBN1 and the abundance of both SMAD3 and SPTBN1. Furthermore, induction of SREBP target genes in response to SIRT6 overexpression was impaired in SPTBN1 heterozygous cells. Thus, we identified a regulatory loop between SIRT6 and SPTBN1 that represents a potential mechanism for susceptibility to fatty liver in the presence of dysfunctional TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Xiang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Krishanu Bhowmick
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Anil K. Vegesna
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
| | - David Bernstein
- Division of Hepatology, Northwell Health and Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - James M Crawford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Patricia S. Latham
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
| | - Nancy R. Gough
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Shuyun Rao
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, NY, 11030, USA
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20037, USA
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Li Y, Adeniji NT, Fan W, Kunimoto K, Török NJ. Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Liver Fibrosis during Aging. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1239-1251. [PMID: 35855331 PMCID: PMC9286912 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progressive form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have emerged as the leading causes of chronic liver disease-related mortality. The prevalence of NAFLD/NASH is expected to increase given the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Older patients are disproportionally affected by NASH and related complications such as progressive fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; however, they are often ineligible for liver transplantation due to their frailty and comorbidities, and effective medical treatments are still lacking. In this review we focused on pathways that are key to the aging process in the liver and perpetuate NAFLD/NASH, leading to fibrosis. In addition, we highlighted recent findings and cross-talks of normal and/or senescent liver cells, dysregulated nutrient sensing, proteostasis and mitochondrial dysfunction in the framework of changing metabolic milieu. Better understanding these pathways during preclinical and clinical studies will be essential to design novel and specific therapeutic strategies to treat NASH in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Natalie J. Török
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Natalie J. Török, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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11
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Dong XC, Chowdhury K, Huang M, Kim HG. Signal Transduction and Molecular Regulation in Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:689-717. [PMID: 33906425 PMCID: PMC8558079 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Fatty liver disease is a major liver disorder in the modern societies. Comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms is essential for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Recent Advances: Remarkable progress has been made in the recent years in basic and translational research in the field of fatty liver disease. Multiple signaling pathways have been implicated in the development of fatty liver disease, including AMP-activated protein kinase, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, inflammation, transforming growth factor β, and yes1-associated transcriptional regulator/transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ). In addition, critical molecular regulations at the transcriptional and epigenetic levels have been linked to the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. Critical Issues: Some critical issues remain to be solved so that research findings can be translated into clinical applications. Robust and reliable biomarkers are needed for diagnosis of different stages of the fatty liver disease. Effective and safe molecular targets remain to be identified and validated. Prevention strategies require solid scientific evidence and population-wide feasibility. Future Directions: As more data are generated with time, integrative approaches are needed to comprehensively understand the disease pathophysiology and mechanisms at multiple levels from population, organismal system, organ/tissue, to cell. The interactions between genes and environmental factors require deeper investigation for the purposes of prevention and personalized treatment of fatty liver disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 689-717.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Charlie Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.,Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kushan Chowdhury
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Menghao Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Hyeong Geug Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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12
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Kim HG, Cho JH, Kim J, Kim SJ. The Role of Epigenetic Changes in the Progression of Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:691738. [PMID: 34335299 PMCID: PMC8323660 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.691738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a progression hepatitis with severe fatty liver and its mortality rate for 30-days in patients are over 30%. Additionally, ASH is well known for one-fifth all alcoholic related liver diseases in the world. Excessive chronic alcohol consumption is one of the most common causes of the progression of ASH and is associated with poor prognosis and liver failure. Alcohol abuse dysregulates the lipid homeostasis and causes oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver. Consequently, metabolic pathways stimulating hepatic accumulation of excessive lipid droplets are induced. Recently, many studies have indicated a link between ASH and epigenetic changes, showing differential expression of alcohol-induced epigenetic genes in the liver. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ASH remain elusive. Thus, we here summarize the current knowledge about the roles of epigenetics in lipogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis in the context of ASH pathophysiology. Especially, we highlight the latest findings on the roles of Sirtuins, a conserved family of class-III histone deacetylases, in ASH. Additionally, we discuss the involvement of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNAs in ASH as well as the ongoing efforts for the clinical translation of the findings in ASH-related epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Geug Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Jung-Hyo Cho
- Department of East & West Cancer Center, Daejeon Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeongkyu Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Kim
- Kangwon Institute of Inclusive Technology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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13
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Epigenetics in NAFLD/NASH: Targets and therapy. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105484. [PMID: 33771699 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recently non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grabbed considerable scientific attention, owing to its rapid increase in prevalence worldwide and growing burden on end-stage liver diseases. Metabolic syndrome including obesity, diabetes, and hypertension poses a grave risk to NAFLD etiology and progression. With no drugs available, the mainstay of NAFLD management remains lifestyle changes with exercise and dietary modifications. Nonselective drugs such as metformin, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), silymarin, etc., are also being used to target the interrelated pathways for treating NAFLD. Considering the enormous disease burden and the unmet need for drugs, fresh insights into pathogenesis and drug discovery are required. The emergence of the field of epigenetics offers a convincing explanation for the basis of lifestyle, environmental, and other risk factors to influence NAFLD pathogenesis. Therefore, understanding these epigenetic modifications to target the primary cause of the disease might prove a rational strategy to prevent the disease and develop novel therapeutic interventions. Apart from describing the role of epigenetics in the pathogenesis of NAFLD as in other reviews, this review additionally provides an elaborate discussion on exploiting the high plasticity of epigenetic modifications in response to environmental cues, for developing novel therapeutics for NAFLD. Besides, this extensive review provides evidence for epigenetic mechanisms utilized by several potential drugs for NAFLD.
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14
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Kwon J, Lee C, Heo S, Kim B, Hyun CK. DSS-induced colitis is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and disrupted hepatic lipid metabolism leading to hepatosteatosis and dyslipidemia in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5283. [PMID: 33674694 PMCID: PMC7935975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), this study aimed to elucidate molecular mechanisms for how intestinal inflammatory conditions are causally linked to hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia. Both younger and older mice treated with acute or chronic dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) developed colitis, which was evidenced by weight loss, colon length shortening, and elevated disease activity index and inflammation score. They also showed decreased expression of intestinal barrier function-related proteins and elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide level, indicating DSS-induced barrier dysfunction and thereby increased permeability. Interestingly, they displayed phenotypes of hepatic fat accumulation and abnormal blood lipid profiles. This DSS-induced colitis-associated lipid metabolic dysfunction was due to overall disruption of metabolic processes including fatty acid oxidation, lipogenesis, lipolysis, reverse cholesterol transport, bile acid synthesis, and white adipose tissue browning and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, most of which are mediated by key regulators of energy homeostasis such as FGF21, adiponectin, and irisin, via SIRT1/PGC-1α- and LXRα-dependent pathways. Our study suggests a potential molecular mechanism underlying the comorbidity of NAFLD and IBD, which could provide a key to understanding how the two diseases are pathogenically linked and discovering critical therapeutic targets for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghyeon Kwon
- grid.411957.f0000 0004 0647 2543School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37554 South Korea
| | - Chungho Lee
- grid.411957.f0000 0004 0647 2543School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37554 South Korea
| | - Sungbaek Heo
- grid.411957.f0000 0004 0647 2543School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37554 South Korea
| | - Bobae Kim
- grid.411957.f0000 0004 0647 2543School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37554 South Korea
| | - Chang-Kee Hyun
- grid.411957.f0000 0004 0647 2543School of Life Science, Handong Global University, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37554 South Korea
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15
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Maissan P, Mooij EJ, Barberis M. Sirtuins-Mediated System-Level Regulation of Mammalian Tissues at the Interface between Metabolism and Cell Cycle: A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:194. [PMID: 33806509 PMCID: PMC7999230 DOI: 10.3390/biology10030194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuins are a family of highly conserved NAD+-dependent proteins and this dependency links Sirtuins directly to metabolism. Sirtuins' activity has been shown to extend the lifespan of several organisms and mainly through the post-translational modification of their many target proteins, with deacetylation being the most common modification. The seven mammalian Sirtuins, SIRT1 through SIRT7, have been implicated in regulating physiological responses to metabolism and stress by acting as nutrient sensors, linking environmental and nutrient signals to mammalian metabolic homeostasis. Furthermore, mammalian Sirtuins have been implicated in playing major roles in mammalian pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, obesity and cancer. Mammalian Sirtuins are expressed heterogeneously among different organs and tissues, and the same holds true for their substrates. Thus, the function of mammalian Sirtuins together with their substrates is expected to vary among tissues. Any therapy depending on Sirtuins could therefore have different local as well as systemic effects. Here, an introduction to processes relevant for the actions of Sirtuins, such as metabolism and cell cycle, will be followed by reasoning on the system-level function of Sirtuins and their substrates in different mammalian tissues. Their involvement in the healthy metabolism and metabolic disorders will be reviewed and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parcival Maissan
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Eva J. Mooij
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK;
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK
| | - Matteo Barberis
- Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Systems Biology, School of Biosciences and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK;
- Centre for Mathematical and Computational Biology, CMCB, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, UK
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16
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Wang J, Yu P, Xie X, Wu L, Zhou M, Huan F, Jiang L, Gao R. Bisphenol F induces nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-like changes: Involvement of lysosome disorder in lipid droplet deposition. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 271:116304. [PMID: 33401208 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that the general population's exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes is ubiquitous. Bisphenol F (BPF), one of the main BPA substitutes, is increasingly replacing BPA in plastics for food and beverage applications. Accumulating evidence suggests that BPA exposure is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-like changes. However, the potential effects of BPF on lipid homeostasis remain poorly understood. In the present study, an epidemiological analysis with LC-MS-MS revealed that the BPF concentrations in the serum of NAFLD patients were significantly higher than those in a control group. Supporting this result, using Oil Red O, BODIPY 493/503, LipidTox Deep Red staining and gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) assays, we found that BPF exposure induced NAFLD-like changes, with obvious lipid droplet deposition, triglyceride (TG) and fatty acids increase in mouse livers. Meanwhile, lipid droplet deposition and TG increase induced by BPF were also observed in HepG2 cells, accompanied by autophagic flux blockade, including autophagosome accumulation and the decreased degradation of SQSTM1/p62. Using adenoviruses dual-reporter plasmid RFP-GFP-LC3, RFP-GFP-PLIN2 transfection, AO staining, and EGFR degradation assays, we demonstrated that BPF treatment impaired lysosomal degradative capacity, since BPF treatment obviously impaired lysosomal acidification, manifested as decreased lysosomal hydrolase cathepsin L (CTSL) and mature cathepsin D (CTSD) in HepG2 and mouse liver issues. Additionally, v-ATPase D, a multi-subunit enzyme that mediates acidification of eukaryotic intracellular organelles, significantly decreased after BPF exposure in both the vitro and in vivo studies. This study ascertained a novel mechanism involving dysfunctional of lysosomal degradative capacity induced by BPF, which contributes to lipophagic disorders and causes lipid droplet deposition. This work provides evidence that lysosomes may be a target organelle where BPF exerts its potential toxicity; therefore, novel intervention strategies targeting lysosome are promising for BPF-induced NAFLD-like changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China; China International Cooperation Center for Environment and Human Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Xuexue Xie
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Linlin Wu
- Wuxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, China
| | - Manfei Zhou
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, NanjingMedical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Huan
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology (NJMU), Ministry of Education; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211166, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Rong Gao
- Department of Hygienic Analysis and Detection, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, NanjingMedical University, Nanjing, China.
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17
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Okuyama T, Shirakawa J, Tajima K, Ino Y, Vethe H, Togashi Y, Kyohara M, Inoue R, Miyashita D, Li J, Goto N, Ichikawa T, Yamasaki S, Ohnuma H, Takayanagi R, Kimura Y, Hirano H, Terauchi Y. Linagliptin Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis via Non-Canonical Mechanisms in Mice Treated with a Dual Inhibitor of Insulin Receptor and IGF-1 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217815. [PMID: 33105604 PMCID: PMC7672621 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal hepatic insulin signaling is a cause or consequence of hepatic steatosis. DPP-4 inhibitors might be protective against fatty liver. We previously reported that the systemic inhibition of insulin receptor (IR) and IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R) by the administration of OSI-906 (linsitinib), a dual IR/IGF1R inhibitor, induced glucose intolerance, hepatic steatosis, and lipoatrophy in mice. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a DPP-4 inhibitor, linagliptin, on hepatic steatosis in OSI-906-treated mice. Unlike high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, OSI-906-induced hepatic steatosis is not characterized by elevations in inflammatory responses or oxidative stress levels. Linagliptin improved OSI-906-induced hepatic steatosis via an insulin-signaling-independent pathway, without altering glucose levels, free fatty acid levels, gluconeogenic gene expressions in the liver, or visceral fat atrophy. Hepatic quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses revealed that perilipin-2 (PLIN2), major urinary protein 20 (MUP20), cytochrome P450 2b10 (CYP2B10), and nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) are possibly involved in the process of the amelioration of hepatic steatosis by linagliptin. Thus, linagliptin improved hepatic steatosis induced by IR and IGF1R inhibition via a previously unknown mechanism that did not involve gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis, or inflammation, suggesting the non-canonical actions of DPP-4 inhibitors in the treatment of hepatic steatosis under insulin-resistant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Okuyama
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Jun Shirakawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
- Laboratory and Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8510, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-27-220-8850
| | - Kazuki Tajima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yoko Ino
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Heidrun Vethe
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803 Bergen, Norway;
| | - Yu Togashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Mayu Kyohara
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Ryota Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
- Laboratory and Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8510, Japan
| | - Daisuke Miyashita
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Jinghe Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
- Laboratory and Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation (IMCR), Gunma University, Maebashi 371-8510, Japan
| | - Nozomi Goto
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Taiga Ichikawa
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Shingo Yamasaki
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Haruka Ohnuma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Rie Takayanagi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yayoi Kimura
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (Y.I.); (Y.K.)
| | - Hisashi Hirano
- Graduate School of Health Science, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki 370-0006, Japan;
| | - Yasuo Terauchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; (T.O.); (K.T.); (Y.T.); (M.K.); (R.I.); (D.M.); (J.L.); (N.G.); (T.I.); (S.Y.); (H.O.); (R.T.); (Y.T.)
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18
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Nassir F. Role of acetylation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a focus on SIRT1 and SIRT3. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2020.00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent liver chronic disease worldwide. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex and involves many metabolic enzymes and multiple pathways. Posttranslational modifications of proteins (PMPs) added another layer of complexity to the pathogenesis of NAFLD. PMPs change protein properties and regulate many biological functions, including cellular localization, stability, intracellular signaling, and protein function. Lysine acetylation is a common reversible PMP that consists of the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) to a lysine residue on targeted proteins. The deacetylation reaction is catalyzed by deacetylases called sirtuins. This review summarizes the role of acetylation in NAFLD with a focus on sirtuins 1 and 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiha Nassir
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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19
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Post-weaning exposure to high-sucrose diet induces early non-alcoholic fatty liver disease onset and progression in male mice: role of dysfunctional white adipose tissue. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 11:509-520. [PMID: 32594969 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420000598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) particularly among chronic consumers of added sugar-rich diets. However, the impact of early consumption of such diets on NAFLD onset and progression is unclear. Thus, this study sought to characterise metabolic factors involved in NAFLD progression in young mice fed with a high-sucrose diet (HSD). Male Swiss mice were fed HSD or regular chow (CTR) from weaning for up to 60 or 90 days. Obesity development, glucose homeostasis and serum biochemical parameters were determined at each time-point. At day 90, mice were euthanised and white adipose tissue (WAT) collected for lipolytic function assessment and liver for histology, gene expression and cytokines quantification. At day 60, HSD mice presented increased body mass, hypertriglyceridemia, peripheral insulin resistance (IR) and simple steatosis. Upon 90 days on diet, WAT from HSD mice displayed impaired insulin sensitivity, which coincided with increased fasting levels of glucose and free fatty acids (FFA), as well as NAFLD progression to NASH. Transcriptional levels of lipogenic genes, particularly stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, were consistently increased, leading to hepatic leukocyte infiltration and pro-inflammatory cytokines spillover. Therefore, our dataset supports IR triggering in the WAT as a major factor for dysfunctional release of FFA towards portal circulation and consequent upregulation of lipogenic genes and hepatic inflammatory onset, which decisively concurred for NAFLD-to-NASH progression in young HSD-fed mice. Notwithstanding, this study forewarns against the early introduction of dietary sugars in infant diet, particularly following breastfeeding cessation.
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20
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Wang Y, Zeng Z, Guan L, Ao R. GRHL2 induces liver fibrosis and intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via microRNA-200 and the MAPK pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:6107-6119. [PMID: 32324317 PMCID: PMC7294114 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) serves as the most common subtype of liver diseases and cause of liver dysfunction, which is closely related to obesity and insulin resistance. In our study, we sought to investigate effect of transcription factor grainyhead‐like 2 (GRHL2) on NAFLD and the relevant mechanism. NAFLD mouse model was established with a high‐fat feed. Then, serum was extracted from NAFLD patients and mice, followed by ectopic expression and depletion experiments in NAFLD mice and L02 cells. Next, the correlation between GRHL2 and microRNA (miR)‐200 and between miR‐200 and sirtuin‐1 (SIRT1) was evaluated. The observations demonstrated that miR‐200 and GRHL2 were overexpressed in the serum of NAFLD patients and mice, while SIRT1 was poorly expressed. GRHL2 positively regulated miR‐200 by binding to miR‐200 promoter region, which negatively targeted SIRT1. The inhibition of miR‐200 and GRHL2 or SIRT1 overexpression lowered HA and LN in mouse liver tissue, occludin and ZO‐1 in mouse small intestine tissue, TNF‐α and IL‐6 in mouse serum, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in mouse serum, and also inhibited liver fibrosis and intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction. Meanwhile, GRHL2 induced activation of MAPK signalling pathway in NAFLD mice. Collectively, GRHL2 played a contributory role in NAFLD by exacerbating liver fibrosis and intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction with the involvement of miR‐200‐dependent SIRT1 and the MAPK signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zishu Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ran Ao
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Low Expression of Sirtuin 1 in the Dairy Cows with Mild Fatty Liver Alters Hepatic Lipid Metabolism. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10040560. [PMID: 32230804 PMCID: PMC7222401 DOI: 10.3390/ani10040560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a NAD-dependent histone deacetylase, is involved in oxidative stress and lipid metabolism regulation. Limited studies exist regarding the role of SIRT1 in lipid metabolism disorder in periparturient dairy cows. This study explores the effect of hepatic steatosis on the expression of the SIRT1 gene and protein and the proteins encoded by the genes downstream to it, all of which are involved in lipid metabolism in the liver. Control cows (n = 6, parity 3.0 ± 2.0, milk production 28 ± 47 kg/d) and mild fatty liver cows (n = 6, parity 2.3 ± 1.5, milk production 20 ± 6 kg/d) were retrospectively selected based on liver triglycerides (TG) content (% wet liver). The present study indicates that low SIRT1 expression caused by hepatic steatosis promotes hepatic fatty acid synthesis and inhibits fatty acid β-oxidation. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it demonstrates that hepatic steatosis is associated with increased hepatic fatty acid synthesis, inhibited fatty acid β-oxidation and reduced lipid transport. Abstract Dairy cows usually experience negative energy balance coupled with an increased incidence of fatty liver during the periparturient period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hepatic steatosis on the expression of the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), along with the target mRNA and protein expressions and activities related to lipid metabolism in liver tissue. Control cows (n = 6, parity 3.0 ± 2.0, milk production 28 ± 7 kg/d) and mild fatty liver cows (n = 6, parity 2.3 ± 1.5, milk production 20 ± 6 kg/d) were retrospectively selected based on liver triglycerides (TG) content (% wet liver). Compared with the control group, fatty liver cows had greater concentrations of cholesterol and TG along with the typically vacuolated appearance and greater lipid droplets in the liver. Furthermore, fatty liver cows had greater mRNA and protein abundance related to hepatic lipid synthesis proteins sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBP-1c), long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL), acyl-CoA carbrolase (ACC) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) and lipid transport proteins Liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and microsomal TG transfer protein (MTTP) (p < 0.05). However, they had lower mRNA and protein abundance associated with fatty acid β-oxidation proteins SIRT1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor co-activator-1 (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-α (PPARα), retinoid X receptor (RXRα), acyl-CoA 1 (ACO), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2) and long- and medium-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenases (LCAD) (p < 0.05). Additionally, mRNA abundance and enzyme activity of enzymes copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD) decreased and mRNA and protein abundance of p45 nuclear factor-erythroid 2 (p45 NF-E2)-related factor 1 (Nrf1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) decreased (p < 0.05). Lower enzyme activities of SIRT1, PGC-1α, Cu/Zn SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, SREBP-1c and Mn SOD (p < 0.05) and concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in dairy cows with fatty liver. These results demonstrate that decreased SIRT1 associated with hepatic steatosis promotes hepatic fatty acid synthesis and inhibits fatty acid β-oxidation. Hence, SIRT1 may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of the fatty liver disease in dairy cows.
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Zeng J, Liu XL, Xin FZ, Zhao ZH, Shao YL, Yang RX, Pan Q, Fan JG. Effects and therapeutic mechanism of Yinzhihuang on steatohepatitis in rats induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet. J Dig Dis 2020; 21:179-188. [PMID: 31950587 PMCID: PMC7187410 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the therapeutic mechanism of Yinzhihuang (YZH) liquid, a traditional Chinese medicine mainly composed of extracts of four components, on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD) in rats. METHODS Altogether 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups: control, the model group (HFHCD + saline) and the treatment group (HFHCD + YZH). Liver histological features and serum biochemical parameters were assessed by the end of the 16th week. RNA sequencing and protein mass spectrometry detection were performed. The genes and proteins expressed differentially were subjected to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and included in a network-based regulatory model. RESULTS The weight, liver and fat indices and serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and total cholesterol levels of the HFHCD + YZH group were all significantly lower than those of the HFHCD + saline group. Moreover, their hepatic steatosis, ballooning and lobular inflammation were relieved, and 64 hepatic genes and 73 hepatic proteins were found to be reversed in their expression patterns after YZH treatment (P < 0.05). The network-based regulatory model showed that these deregulated genes and proteins were mainly involved in oxidative phosphorylation, Toll-like receptor, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, nuclear factor-kappa B tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways and fatty acid metabolism. CONCLUSION YZH could alleviate NASH in HFHCD-fed rats by inhibiting lipogenesis, accelerating lipid β-oxidation, alleviating oxidative stress and relieving necroinflammation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zeng
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xiao Lin Liu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu ProvinceChina
| | - Feng Zhi Xin
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ze Hua Zhao
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - You Lin Shao
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Xu Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qin Pan
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Gao Fan
- Department of GastroenterologyXinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Digestion and NutritionShanghaiChina
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23
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Han X, Cui ZY, Song J, Piao HQ, Lian LH, Hou LS, Wang G, Zheng S, Dong XX, Nan JX, Wu YL. Acanthoic acid modulates lipogenesis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via FXR/LXRs-dependent manner. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 311:108794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Lim JY, Liu C, Hu KQ, Smith DE, Wu D, Lamon-Fava S, Ausman LM, Wang XD. Dietary β-Cryptoxanthin Inhibits High-Refined Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Fatty Liver via Differential Protective Mechanisms Depending on Carotenoid Cleavage Enzymes in Male Mice. J Nutr 2019; 149:1553-1564. [PMID: 31212314 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Cryptoxanthin (BCX), a provitamin A carotenoid shown to protect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), can be cleaved by β-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase (BCO1) to generate vitamin A, and by β-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase (BCO2) to produce bioactive apo-carotenoids. BCO1/BCO2 polymorphisms have been associated with variations in plasma carotenoid amounts in both humans and animals. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether BCX feeding inhibits high refined-carbohydrate diet (HRCD)-induced NAFLD, dependent or independent of BCO1/BCO2. METHODS Six-week-old male wild-type (WT) and BCO1-/-/BCO2-/- double knockout (DKO) mice were randomly fed HRCD (66.5% of energy from carbohydrate) with or without BCX (10 mg/kg diet) for 24 wk. Pathological and biochemical variables were analyzed in the liver and mesenteric adipose tissues (MATs). Data were analyzed by 2-factor ANOVA. RESULTS Compared to their respective HRCD controls, BCX reduced hepatic steatosis severity by 33‒43% and hepatic total cholesterol by 43‒70% in both WT and DKO mice (P < 0.01). Hepatic concentrations of BCX, but not retinol and retinyl palmitate, were 33-fold higher in DKO mice than in WT mice (P < 0.001). BCX feeding increased the hepatic fatty acid oxidation protein peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α, and the cholesterol efflux gene ATP-binding cassette transporter5, and suppressed the lipogenesis gene acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (Acc1) in the MAT of WT mice but not DKO mice (P < 0.05). BCX feeding decreased the hepatic lipogenesis proteins ACC and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (3-fold and 5-fold) and the cholesterol synthesis genes 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and HMG-CoA synthase 1 (2.7-fold and 1.8-fold) and increased the cholesterol catabolism gene cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (1.9-fold) in the DKO but not WT mice (P < 0.05). BCX feeding increased hepatic protein sirtuin1 (2.5-fold) and AMP-activated protein kinase (9-fold) and decreased hepatic farnesoid X receptor protein (80%) and the inflammatory cytokine gene Il6 (6-fold) in the MAT of DKO mice but not WT mice (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION BCX feeding mitigates HRCD-induced NAFLD in both WT and DKO mice through different mechanisms in the liver-MAT axis, depending on the presence or absence of BCO1/BCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ye Lim
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kang-Quan Hu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald E Smith
- Comparative Biology Unit, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dayong Wu
- Nutritional Immunology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefania Lamon-Fava
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lynne M Ausman
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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25
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Mustra Rakic J, Liu C, Veeramachaneni S, Wu D, Paul L, Chen CYO, Ausman LM, Wang XD. Lycopene Inhibits Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Carcinogenesis by Modulating Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Ferrets. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2019; 12:421-432. [PMID: 31177203 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer share the same etiologic factor, cigarette smoking. Higher consumption of dietary lycopene has been associated with lower risks of COPD and lung cancer in smokers. We investigated whether lycopene feeding protects against COPD and lung cancer in ferrets, a nonrodent model that closely mimics cigarette smoke (CS)-induced chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and lung tumorigenesis in human. We also explored whether the protective effect of lycopene is associated with restoring reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), a key driver in persistent inflammation with CS exposure. Ferrets (4 groups, n = 12-16/group) were exposed to a combination of tobacco carcinogen (NNK) and CS with or without consuming lycopene at low and high doses (equivalent to ∼30 and ∼90 mg lycopene/day in human, respectively) for 22 weeks. Results showed that dietary lycopene at a high dose significantly inhibited NNK/CS-induced chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and preneoplastic lesions, including squamous metaplasia and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, as compared with the NNK/CS alone (P < 0.05). Lycopene feeding also tended to decrease the lung neoplastic lesions. Furthermore, lycopene feeding significantly inhibited NNK/CS-induced accumulation of total cholesterol, and increased mRNA expression of critical genes related to the RCT (PPARα, LXRα, and ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1) in the lungs, which were downregulated by the NNK/CS exposure. The present study has provided the first evidence linking a protective role of dietary lycopene against COPD and preneoplastic lesions to RCT-mediated cholesterol accumulation in lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Mustra Rakic
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chun Liu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sudipta Veeramachaneni
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dayong Wu
- Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Nutritional Immunology Lab, JM USDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ligi Paul
- Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Developmental, Molecular and Chemical Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - C-Y Oliver Chen
- Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lynne M Ausman
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging (HNRCA) at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts. .,Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Cruz-Color LDL, Hernández-Nazará ZH, Maldonado-González M, Navarro-Muñíz E, Domínguez-Rosales JA, Torres-Baranda JR, Ruelas-Cinco EDC, Ramírez-Meza SM, Ruíz-Madrigal B. Association of the PNPLA2, SCD1 and Leptin Expression with Fat Distribution in Liver and Adipose Tissue From Obese Subjects. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 128:715-722. [PMID: 30754064 DOI: 10.1055/a-0829-6324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The expansion of adipose tissue is regulated by insulin and leptin through sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), up-regulating lipogenesis in tissues by Stearoylcoenzyme A desaturase 1 (SCD1) enzyme, while adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) enzyme is key in lipolysis. The research objective was to evaluate the expression of Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Transcription Factor 1 (SREBF1), SCD1, Patatin Like Phospholipase Domain Containing 2 (PNPLA2), and leptin (LEP) genes in hepatic-adipose tissue, and related them with the increment and distribution of fat depots of individuals without insulin resistance. Thirty-eight subjects undergoing elective cholecystectomy with liver and adipose tissue biopsies (subcutaneous-omental) are included. Tissue gene expression was assessed by qPCR and biochemical parameters determined. Individuals are classified according to the body mass index, classified as lean (control group, n=12), overweight (n=11) and obesity (n=15). Abdominal adiposity was determined by anthropometric and histopathological study of the liver. Increased SCD1 expression in omental adipose tissue (p=0.005) and PNPLA2 in liver (p=0.01) were found in the obesity group. PNPLA2 decreased expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue was significant in individuals with abdominal adiposity (p=0.017). Anthropometric parameters positively correlated with liver PNPLA2 and the expression of liver PNPLA2 with serum leptin. SCD1 increased levels may represent lipid storage activity in omental adipose tissue. Liver PNPLA2 increased expression could function as a primary compensatory event of visceral fat deposits associated to the leptin hormone related to the increase of adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía De la Cruz-Color
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biología Molecular en Medicina, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Zamira Helena Hernández-Nazará
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas del Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Montserrat Maldonado-González
- Laboratorio de Investigación del Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Eliseo Navarro-Muñíz
- División de Cirugía Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca". Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José Alfredo Domínguez-Rosales
- Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas del Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - José Rodrigo Torres-Baranda
- Laboratorio de Investigación del Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Elizabeth Del Carmen Ruelas-Cinco
- Laboratorio de Investigación del Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Sandra Margarita Ramírez-Meza
- Laboratorio de Investigación del Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Bertha Ruíz-Madrigal
- Laboratorio de Investigación del Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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27
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Xia H, Liu C, Li CC, Fu M, Takahashi S, Hu KQ, Aizawa K, Hiroyuki S, Wu G, Zhao L, Wang XD. Dietary Tomato Powder Inhibits High-Fat Diet-Promoted Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Mice Lacking Carotenoid Cleavage Enzymes. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:797-810. [PMID: 30446518 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-18-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Both incidence and death rate due to liver cancer have increased in the United States. Higher consumption of lycopene-rich tomato and tomato products is associated with a decreased risk of cancers. β-Carotene-15, 15'-oxygenase (BCO1), and β-carotene-9', 10'-oxygenase (BCO2) cleave lycopene to produce bioactive apo-lycopenoids. Although BCO1/BCO2 polymorphisms affect human and animal lycopene levels, whether dietary tomato consumption can inhibit high-fat diet (HFD)-promoted hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development and affect gut microbiota in the absence of BCO1/BCO2 is unclear. BCO1/BCO2 double knockout mice were initiated with a hepatic carcinogen (diethylnitrosamine) at 2 weeks of age. At 6 weeks of age, the mice were randomly assigned to an HFD (60% of energy as fat) with or without tomato powder (TP) feeding for 24 weeks. Results showed that TP feeding significantly decreased HCC development (67%, 83%, and 95% reduction in incidence, multiplicity, and tumor volume, respectively, P < 0.05). Protective effects of TP feeding were associated with (1) decreased hepatic inflammatory foci development and mRNA expression of proinflammatory biomarkers (IL1β, IL6, IL12α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and inducible NO synthase); (2) increased mRNA expression of deacetylase sirtuin 1 and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase involving NAD+ production; and (3) increased hepatic circadian clock genes (circadian locomotor output cycles kaput, period 2, and cryptochrome-2, Wee1). Furthermore, TP feeding increased gut microbial richness and diversity, and significantly decreased the relative abundance of the genus Clostridium and Mucispirillum, respectively. The present study demonstrates that dietary tomato feeding independent of carotenoid cleavage enzymes prevents HFD-induced inflammation with potential modulating gut microbiota and inhibits HFD-promoted HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chun Liu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cheng-Chung Li
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Maobin Fu
- Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shingo Takahashi
- Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kang-Quan Hu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Koichi Aizawa
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Suganuma Hiroyuki
- Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Guojun Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
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Hajighasem A, Farzanegi P, Mazaheri Z, Naghizadeh M, Salehi G. Effects of resveratrol, exercises and their combination on Farnesoid X receptor, Liver X receptor and Sirtuin 1 gene expression and apoptosis in the liver of elderly rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5522. [PMID: 30221089 PMCID: PMC6136396 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disorder. This study aims to consider effects of resveratrol, exercise and their combination on Farnesoid X receptor (Fxr), the liver X receptor (Lxr) and Sirtuin 1 (Sirt 1) genes expression in the liver of elderly rats with NAFLD. Methods Rats with NAFLD were randomly divided into seven groups including patient, saline, resveratrol (RSV), interval exercise, continuous exercise, interval exercise + RSV and continuous exercise + RSV. Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the liver tissue were measured using specific ELISA kits. A TUNEL assay kit was used for the assessment of hepatic cells apoptosis. Lipid profiles were considered by measuring the serum triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, and HDL. Expression of Sirt1, Lxr and Fxr genes was considered using RT-PCR. Results Resveratrol administration alone or combined with exercise training significantly improved the expression of Sirt1, Lxr and Fxr genes (p < 0.05) in the hepatic tissue of rats with NAFLD, while levels of AST, ALT, ALP enzymes, as well as apoptotic cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). Discussion Although resveratrol alone improves the expression of Sirt1, Lxr and Fxr, as well as liver function, combined therapy with exercise training is more effective to improve NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hajighasem
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Parvin Farzanegi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Zohreh Mazaheri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Naghizadeh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Ghoncheh Salehi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
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29
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Lim JY, Liu C, Hu KQ, Smith DE, Wang XD. Ablation of carotenoid cleavage enzymes (BCO1 and BCO2) induced hepatic steatosis by altering the farnesoid X receptor/miR-34a/sirtuin 1 pathway. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018; 654:1-9. [PMID: 30006135 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
β-Carotene-15, 15'-oxygenase (BCO1) and β-carotene-9', 10'-oxygenase (BCO2) are essential enzymes in carotenoid metabolism. While BCO1/BCO2 polymorphisms have been associated with alterations to human and animal carotenoid levels, experimental studies have suggested that BCO1 and BCO2 may have specific physiological functions beyond the cleavage of carotenoids. In the present study, we investigated the effect of ablation of both BCO1/BCO2 in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its underlying molecular mechanism(s). BCO1/BCO2 double knock out (DKO) mice developed hepatic steatosis (8/8) and had significantly higher levels of hepatic and plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol compared to WT (0/8). Hepatic changes in the BCO1/BCO2 DKO mice were associated with significant: 1) increases in lipogenesis markers, and decreases in fatty acid β-oxidation markers; 2) upregulation of cholesterol metabolism markers; 3) alterations to microRNAs related to TG accumulation and cholesterol metabolism; 4) increases in an hepatic oxidative stress marker (HO-1) but decreases in anti-oxidant enzymes; and 5) decreases in farnesoid X receptor (FXR), small heterodimer partner (SHP), and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). The present study provided novel experimental evidence that BCO1 and BCO2 could play a significant role in maintaining normal hepatic lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, potentially through the regulation of the FXR/miR-34a/SIRT1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Ye Lim
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, USA; Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, USA
| | | | - Donald E Smith
- Comparative Biology Unit, JM USDA-HNRCA at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Lab, USA; Biochemical and Molecular Nutrition Program, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
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30
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Zhu M, Wang Q, Zhou W, Liu T, Yang L, Zheng P, Zhang L, Ji G. Integrated analysis of hepatic mRNA and miRNA profiles identified molecular networks and potential biomarkers of NAFLD. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7628. [PMID: 29769539 PMCID: PMC5955949 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To enhance our understanding of molecular mechanisms and mine novel biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), RNA sequencing was performed to gain hepatic expression profiles of mRNAs and miRNAs in NAFLD and normal rats. Using DESeq with thresholds of a two-fold change and a false discovery rate (FDR) less than 0.05, 336 mRNAs and 21 miRNAs were identified as differentially expressed. Among those, 17 miRNAs (e.g., miR-144-3p, miR-99a-3p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200b-5p, miR-200c-3p, etc.) might serve as novel biomarkers of NAFLD. MiRNA target genes (13565) were predicted by the miRWalk database. Using DAVID 6.8, the intersection (195 genes) of differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNA-predicted target genes were enriched in 47 gene ontology (GO) terms and 28 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Using Cytoscape, pathway interaction and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed, and hub genes (e.g., Abcg8, Cyp1a1, Cyp51, Hmgcr, etc.) associated with NAFLD were obtained. Moreover, 673 miRNA-mRNA negative regulatory pairs were obtained, and networks were constructed. Finally, several representative miRNAs and mRNAs were validated by real-time qPCR. In conclusion, potential molecular mechanisms of NAFLD could be inferred from integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA profiles, which may indicate novel biomarkers of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Zhu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,School of Public Health, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qianlei Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Peiyong Zheng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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31
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Inactivation of SREBP-1a Phosphorylation Prevents Fatty Liver Disease in Mice: Identification of Related Signaling Pathways by Gene Expression Profiles in Liver and Proteomes of Peroxisomes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19040980. [PMID: 29587401 PMCID: PMC5979561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The key lipid metabolism transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1a integrates gene regulatory effects of hormones, cytokines, nutrition and metabolites as lipids, glucose, or cholesterol via phosphorylation by different mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. We have previously reported the impact of SREBP-1a phosphorylation on the phenotype in transgenic mouse models with liver-specific overexpression of the N-terminal transcriptional active domain of SREBP-1a (alb-SREBP-1a) or a MAPK phosphorylation site-deficient variant (alb-SREBP-1a∆P; (S63A, S117A, T426V)), respectively. In this report, we investigated the molecular basis of the systemic observations by holistic analyses of gene expression in liver and of proteome patterns in lipid-degrading organelles involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, i.e., peroxisomes, using 2D-DIGE and mass spectrometry. The differences in hepatic gene expression and peroxisomal protein patterns were surprisingly small between the control and alb-SREBP-1a mice, although the latter develop a severe phenotype with visceral obesity and fatty liver. In contrast, phosphorylation site-deficient alb-SREBP-1a∆P mice, which are protected from fatty liver disease, showed marked differences in hepatic gene expression and peroxisomal proteome patterns. Further knowledge-based analyses revealed that disruption of SREBP-1a phosphorylation resulted in massive alteration of cellular processes, including signs for loss of targeting lipid pathways.
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Li CC, Liu C, Fu M, Hu KQ, Aizawa K, Takahashi S, Hiroyuki S, Cheng J, von Lintig J, Wang XD. Tomato Powder Inhibits Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation Potentially Through Restoring SIRT1 Activity and Adiponectin Function Independent of Carotenoid Cleavage Enzymes in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700738. [PMID: 29266812 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Beta-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase (BCO1) and beta-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase (BCO2) metabolize lycopene to biologically active metabolites, which can ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We investigate the effects of tomato powder (TP containing substantial lycopene (2.3 mg/g)) on NAFLD development and gut microbiome in the absence of both BCO1 and BCO2 in mice. METHOD AND RESULTS BCO1-/- /BCO2-/- double knockout mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) alone (n = 9) or with TP feeding (n = 9) for 24 weeks. TP feeding significantly reduced pathological severity of steatosis and hepatic triglyceride levels in BCO1-/- /BCO2-/- mice (p < 0.04 vs HFD alone). This was associated with increased SIRT1 activity, nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase expression and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and subsequently decreased lipogenesis, hepatic fatty acid uptake, and increasing fatty acid β-oxidation (p < 0.05). TP feeding significantly decreased mRNA expression of proinflammatory genes (tnf-α, il-1β, and il-6) in both liver and mesenteric adipose tissue, which were associated with increased plasma adiponectin and hepatic adiponectin receptor-2. Multiplexed 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed using DNA extracted from cecum fecal samples. TP feeding increased microbial richness and decreased relative abundance of the genus Clostridium. CONCLUSION Dietary TP can inhibit NAFLD independent of carotenoid cleavage enzymes, potentially through increasing SIRT1 activity and adiponectin production and decreasing Clostridium abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chung Li
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maobin Fu
- Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kang-Quan Hu
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Koichi Aizawa
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.,Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shingo Takahashi
- Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Suganuma Hiroyuki
- Nature and Wellness Research Department, Research and Development Division, Kagome Co., Ltd., Tochigi, Japan
| | - Junrui Cheng
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Johannes von Lintig
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Wang
- Nutrition and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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33
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Song M, Xia L, Sun M, Yang C, Wang F. Circular RNA in Liver: Health and Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1087:245-257. [PMID: 30259372 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1426-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNA (circRNA) is an important class of noncoding RNA characterized by covalently closed continuous loop structures. In recent years, the various functions of circRNAs have been continuously documented, including effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis and nutrient metabolism. The liver is the largest solid organ in mammals, and it also performs many functions in the body, which is considered to be the busiest organ in the body. At the same time, the liver is vulnerable to multiple pathogenic factors, causing various acute and chronic liver diseases. The pathogenesis of liver disease is still not fully understood. As a rising star for the past few years, circRNAs have been proven involved in the regulation of liver homeostasis and disease. This chapter will explain the role of circRNAs in liver health and diseases and sort out the confusion in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Song
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengxue Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Digestive Disease Institute, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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34
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Rabhi N, Hannou SA, Froguel P, Annicotte JS. Cofactors As Metabolic Sensors Driving Cell Adaptation in Physiology and Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:304. [PMID: 29163371 PMCID: PMC5675844 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin architectures and epigenetic fingerprint regulation are fundamental for genetically determined biological processes. Chemical modifications of the chromatin template sensitize the genome to intracellular metabolism changes to set up diverse functional adaptive states. Accumulated evidence suggests that the action of epigenetic modifiers is sensitive to changes in dietary components and cellular metabolism intermediates, linking nutrition and energy metabolism to gene expression plasticity. Histone posttranslational modifications create a code that acts as a metabolic sensor, translating changes in metabolism into stable gene expression patterns. These observations support the notion that epigenetic reprograming-linked energy input is connected to the etiology of metabolic diseases and cancer. In the present review, we introduce the role of epigenetic cofactors and their relation with nutrient intake and we question the links between epigenetic regulation and the development of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Rabhi
- Lille University, UMR 8199—EGID, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8199, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sarah Anissa Hannou
- Lille University, UMR 8199—EGID, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8199, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Lille University, UMR 8199—EGID, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8199, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- Department of Genomics of Common Disease, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Sébastien Annicotte
- Lille University, UMR 8199—EGID, Lille, France
- CNRS, UMR 8199, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- *Correspondence: Jean-Sébastien Annicotte,
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